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Manful EE, Dofuor AK, Gwira TM. The role of tryptophan derivatives as anti-kinetoplastid agents. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23895. [PMID: 38187297 PMCID: PMC10770616 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Kinetoplastids are the causative agents for a spectrum of vector-borne diseases including Leishmaniasis, Chagas disease and Trypanosomiasis that affect millions of people worldwide. In the absence of safe and effective vaccines, chemotherapy, in conjunction with vector control, remain the most significant control approach for kinetoplastid diseases. However, commercially available treatment for these neglected tropical diseases frequently ends up with toxic side effects and increasing resistance. To meet the rising need for innovative medications, alternative chemotherapeutic agents are required. Moreover, insights into target-based mode of action of chemotherapeutic agents are required if novel drugs that may outwit resistance to commercially available drugs are to be developed. Tryptophan has been implicated in a variety of diseases and disorders due to its fundamental role as a precursor to several bioactive metabolites, as well as its importance in the improvement of health and nutrition, diagnostics, and therapeutics. The regulation of tryptophan metabolism plays a fundamental role in the growth of kinetoplastids. Moreover, the levels of tryptophan may serve as a biomarker to distinguish between the stages of kinetoplastids making it an important amino acid to explore for drug targets. The main aim of this review is thus to provide a comprehensive literature synthesis of tryptophan derivatives to explore as potential anti-kinetoplastids. Here we highlight the role of tryptophan derivatives as chemotherapeutic agents against kinetoplastids. The reviewed compounds provide insights into potential new drug interventions that may combat the increasing problem of anti-kinetoplastid resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewura-Esi Manful
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | - Aboagye Kwarteng Dofuor
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Environment and Sustainable Development, Somanya, Ghana
| | - Theresa Manful Gwira
- West African Center for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
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Wu DZ, Zhu GZ, Zhao K, Gao JW, Cai GX, Li HZ, Huang YS, Tu C, Zhuang JS, Huang ZW, Zhong ZM. Age-related decline in melatonin contributes to enhanced osteoclastogenesis via disruption of redox homeostasis. Mol Med 2024; 30:10. [PMID: 38216878 PMCID: PMC10785421 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-024-00779-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased oxidative stress contributes to enhanced osteoclastogenesis and age-related bone loss. Melatonin (MT) is an endogenous antioxidant and declines with aging. However, it was unclear whether the decline of MT was involved in the enhanced osteoclastogenesis during the aging process. METHODS The plasma level of MT, oxidative stress status, bone mass, the number of bone marrow-derived monocytes (BMMs) and its osteoclastogenesis were analyzed in young (3-month old) and old (18-month old) mice (n = 6 per group). In vitro, BMMs isolated from aged mice were treated with or without MT, followed by detecting the change of osteoclastogenesis and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. Furthermore, old mice were treated with MT for 2 months to investigate the therapeutic effect. RESULTS The plasma level of MT was markedly lower in aged mice compared with young mice. Age-related decline in MT was accompanied by enhanced oxidative stress, osteoclastogenic potential and bone loss. MT intervention significantly suppressed the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis, decreased intracellular ROS and enhanced antioxidant capacity of BMMs from aged mice. MT supplementation significantly attenuated oxidative stress, osteoclastogenesis, bone loss and deterioration of bone microstructure in aged mice. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that age-related decline of MT enhanced osteoclastogenesis via disruption of redox homeostasis. MT may serve as a key regulator in osteoclastogenesis and bone homeostasis, thereby highlighting its potential as a preventive agent for age-related bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di-Zheng Wu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Guo-Zheng Zhu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Jia-Wen Gao
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Gui-Xing Cai
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Hong-Zhou Li
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Huang
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Chen Tu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jing-Shen Zhuang
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Huang
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhao-Ming Zhong
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Huang SH, Hong ZJ, Chen MF, Tsai MW, Chen SJ, Cheng CP, Sytwu HK, Lin GJ. Melatonin inhibits the formation of chemically induced experimental encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis through modulation of T cell differentiation by suppressing of NF-κB activation in dendritic cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 126:111300. [PMID: 38016346 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is a severe complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). Surgery is a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of complete intestinal obstruction. However, complete intestinal obstruction in long-term PD results in high mortality and morbidity rates after surgery. Immunopathogenesis participates in EPS formation: CD8, Th1, and Th17 cell numbers increased during the formation of EPS. The anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of melatonin may have beneficial effects on this EPS. In the present study, we determined that melatonin treatment significantly decreases the Th1 and Th17 cell populations in mice with EPS, decreases the production of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IFN-γ, and increases the production of IL-10. The suppression of Th1 and Th17 cell differentiation by melatonin occurs through the inhibition of dendritic cell (DC) activation by affecting the initiation of the NF-κB signaling pathway in DCs. Our study suggests that melatonin has preventive potential against the formation of EPS in patients with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shing-Hwa Huang
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of General Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of General Surgery, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Jie Hong
- Department of General Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Fei Chen
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Wei Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shyi-Jou Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Pi Cheng
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huey-Kang Sytwu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Gu-Jiun Lin
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Rana G, Kar A, Kundal S, Musib D, Jana U. DDQ/Fe(NO 3) 3-Catalyzed Aerobic Synthesis of 3-Acyl Indoles and an In Silico Study for the Binding Affinity of N-Tosyl-3-acyl Indoles toward RdRp against SARS-CoV-2. J Org Chem 2023; 88:838-851. [PMID: 36622749 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we herein report a DDQ-catalyzed new protocol for the synthesis of substituted 3-acylindoles. Being a potential system for virtual hydrogen storage, introduction of catalytic DDQ in combination with Fe(NO3)3·9H2O and molecular oxygen as co-catalysts offers a regioselective oxo-functionalization of C-3 alkyl-/aryllidine indolines even with scale-up investigations. Intermediate isolation, their spectroscopic characterization, and the density functional theory calculations indicate that the method involves dehydrogenative allylic hydroxylation and 1,3-functional group isomerization/aromatization followed by terminal oxidation to afford 3-acylindoles quantitatively with very high regioselectivity. This method is very general for a large number of substrates with varieties of functional groups tolerance emerging high-yield outcome. Moreover, molecular docking studies were performed for some selected ligands with an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase complex (RdRp complex) of SARS-CoV-2 to illustrate the binding potential of those ligands. The docking results revealed that few of the ligands possess the potential to inhibit the RdRp of SARS-Cov-2 with binding energies (-6.7 to -8.19 kcal/mol), which are comparably higher with respect to the reported binding energies of the conventional re-purposed drugs such as Remdesivir, Ribavirin, and so forth (-4 to -7 kcal/mol).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Rana
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Abhishek Kar
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Sandip Kundal
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Dulal Musib
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Manipur, Langol, Imphal 795004, Manipur, India
| | - Umasish Jana
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, West Bengal, India
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Fernández-Mateos P, Cano-Barquilla P, Jiménez-Ortega V, Virto L, Pérez-Miguelsanz J, Esquifino AI. Effect of Melatonin on Redox Enzymes Daily Gene Expression in Perirenal and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue of a Diet Induced Obesity Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24020960. [PMID: 36674472 PMCID: PMC9863119 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24020960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased adiposity is related to oxidative stress, inflammation and metabolic disorders. Our group has shown that melatonin totally or partially prevents the alterations that obesity causes in some neuroendocrine and inflammatory parameters indicative of oxidative stress. This study analyzes the effects of HFD on the relative gene expression of several redox balance enzymes on adult male Wistar rats subcutaneous (SAT) and perirenal adipose tissue (PRAT) and the possible preventive role of melatonin. Three experimental groups were established: control, high fat diet (HFD) and HFD plus 25 μg/mL melatonin in tap water. After 11 weeks, animals were sacrificed at 09:00 a.m. and 01:00 a.m. and PRAT and SAT were collected for selected redox enzymes qRT-PCR. Differential expression of redox enzyme genes, except for SODMn, GPx and catalase, was observed in the control group as a function of fat depot. HFD causes the disappearance of the temporal changes in the expression of the genes studied in the two fat depots analyzed. PRAT seems to be more sensitive than SAT to increased oxidative stress induced by obesity. Melatonin combined with a HFD intake, partially prevents the effects of the HFD on the gene expression of the redox enzymes. According to our results, melatonin selectively prevents changes in the relative gene expression of redox enzymes in PRAT and SAT of animals fed an HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Fernández-Mateos
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.F.-M.); (A.I.E.); Tel.: +34-913947256 (P.F.-M.); +34-913947189 (A.I.E.)
| | - Pilar Cano-Barquilla
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanesa Jiménez-Ortega
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Leire Virto
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Optics, Complutense University, 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juliana Pérez-Miguelsanz
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana I. Esquifino
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.F.-M.); (A.I.E.); Tel.: +34-913947256 (P.F.-M.); +34-913947189 (A.I.E.)
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Increased Oxidative Stress Markers in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Treated with Thrombolytics. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415625. [PMID: 36555265 PMCID: PMC9779811 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most common neurological disorders involving oxidative stress is stroke. During a stroke, the balance of redox potential in the cell is disturbed, and, consequently, protein oxidation or other intracellular damage occurs, ultimately leading to apoptosis. The pineal gland hormone, melatonin, is one of the non-enzymatic antioxidants. It not only modulates the perianal rhythm but also has anti-inflammatory properties and protects against stress-induced changes. The focus of this research was to evaluate the concentration of the carbonyl groups and melatonin metabolite in time in patients with acute ischemic stroke that were treated with intravenous thrombolysis. This included a comparison of the functional status of patients assessed according to neurological scales with the control sample comprising healthy people. The studies showed that the serum concentrations of carbonyl groups, which were elevated in patients with ischemic stroke (AIS) in comparison to the control samples, had an impact on the patients' outcome. A urine concentration of the melatonin metabolite, which was lower in patients than controls, was related to functional status after 24 h from cerebral thrombolysis. It shows that determination of carbonyl groups at different time intervals may be an important potential marker of protein damage in patients with AIS treated with cerebral thrombolysis, and that impaired melatonin metabolism induces a low antioxidant protection. Thus, due to the neuroprotective effects of melatonin, attention should also be paid to the design and conduct of clinical trials and hormone supplementation in AIS patients to understand the interactions between exogenous melatonin and its endogenous rhythm, as well as how these relationships may affect patient outcomes.
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Arasimowicz-Jelonek M, Jagodzik P, Płóciennik A, Sobieszczuk-Nowicka E, Mattoo A, Polcyn W, Floryszak-Wieczorek J. Dynamics of nitration during dark-induced leaf senescence in Arabidopsis reveals proteins modified by tryptophan nitration. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:6853-6875. [PMID: 35981877 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a critical molecule that links plant development with stress responses. Herein, new insights into the role of NO metabolism during leaf senescence in Arabidopsis are presented. A gradual decrease in NO emission accompanied dark-induced leaf senescence (DILS), and a transient wave of peroxynitrite (ONOO-) formation was detected by day 3 of DILS. The boosted ONOO- did not promote tryptophan (Trp) nitration, while the pool of 6-nitroTrp-containing proteins was depleted as senescence progressed. Immunoprecipitation combined with mass spectrometry was used to identify 63 and 4 characteristic 6-nitroTrp-containing proteins in control and individually darkened leaves, respectively. The potential in vivo targets of Trp nitration were mainly related to protein biosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism. In contrast, nitration of tyrosine-containing proteins was intensified 2-fold on day 3 of DILS. Also, nitrative modification of RNA and DNA increased significantly on days 3 and 7 of DILS, respectively. Taken together, ONOO- can be considered a novel pro-senescence regulator that fine-tunes the redox environment for selective bio-target nitration. Thus, DILS-triggered nitrative changes at RNA and protein levels promote developmental shifts during the plant's lifespan and temporal adjustment in plant metabolism under suboptimal environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Arasimowicz-Jelonek
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University; Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Przemysław Jagodzik
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University; Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Artur Płóciennik
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University; Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewa Sobieszczuk-Nowicka
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University; Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Autar Mattoo
- Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350, USA
| | - Władysław Polcyn
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University; Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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Potential Therapeutic Approach of Melatonin against Omicron and Some Other Variants of SARS-CoV-2. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27206934. [PMID: 36296527 PMCID: PMC9609612 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The Omicron variant (B.529) of COVID-19 caused disease outbreaks worldwide because of its contagious and diverse mutations. To reduce these outbreaks, therapeutic drugs and adjuvant vaccines have been applied for the treatment of the disease. However, these drugs have not shown high efficacy in reducing COVID-19 severity, and even antiviral drugs have not shown to be effective. Researchers thus continue to search for an effective adjuvant therapy with a combination of drugs or vaccines to treat COVID-19 disease. We were motivated to consider melatonin as a defensive agent against SARS-CoV-2 because of its various unique properties. Over 200 scientific publications have shown the significant effects of melatonin in treating diseases, with strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. Melatonin has a high safety profile, but it needs further clinical trials and experiments for use as a therapeutic agent against the Omicron variant of COVID-19. It might immediately be able to prevent the development of severe symptoms caused by the coronavirus and can reduce the severity of the infection by improving immunity.
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Combined transcriptome and metabolite profiling analyses provide insights into the chronic toxicity of carbaryl and acetamiprid to Apis mellifera larvae. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16898. [PMID: 36207421 PMCID: PMC9543932 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21403-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite many studies have revealed that developing honey bee (Apis mellifera) larvae are posting a high risk on exposure to insecticides, the toxicology information on bee larvae remain limited. The present study demonstrated the first assessment of the effects of no observed adverse effect concentration (NOAEC) of carbaryl (CR) and acetamiprid (ACE) on transcriptome and metabolome in honeybee larvae reared in vitro. Chronic exposure to carbaryl caused transcriptional disorders associated with oxidative stress. In addition, a series of metabolic homeostasis were disrupted by carbaryl stress, such amino acid metabolism, purine and pyrimidine metabolism and flavone and flavonol biosynthesis. The activities of enzymic biomarkers including GST, P450, CAT, AChE and SOD were not influenced by ACE stress, while the CR exposure slightly decreased the activity of CAT and SOD. Our results clearly show that ACE and CR display different potential to modulate transcriptome and metabolome associated with their different toxicity against bee larvae.
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Chojnacki C, Konrad P, Błońska A, Medrek-Socha M, Przybylowska-Sygut K, Chojnacki J, Poplawski T. Altered Tryptophan Metabolism on the Kynurenine Pathway in Depressive Patients with Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153217. [PMID: 35956393 PMCID: PMC9370164 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The causes of depression are diverse and are still not fully understood. Recently, an increasing role is attributed to nutritional and inflammatory factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate selected metabolites of the tryptophan kynurenine pathway in depressive patients with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). The study involved 40 healthy people (controls) and 40 patients with predominant small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO-D). The lactulose hydrogen breath test (LHBT) was performed to diagnose SIBO. The severity of symptoms was assessed using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS–IBS) and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D). The concentration of tryptophan (TRP), kynurenine (KYN), kynurenic acid (KYNA), and quinolinic acid (QA) in urine was determined using an LC–MS/MS method, before and after cyclic treatment with an antibiotic drug, rifaximin, for three months. The number of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) in the duodenum and small intestinal mucosa, fecal calprotectin (FC) and serum level of C-reactive protein (CRP) were also determined. In patients with SIBO, a higher level of KYN and QA were found as compared to the control group. These two groups also differed in KYN/TRP (higher in SIBO) and KYNA/KYN ratios (lower in SIBO). A positive correlation was found between HAM-D and the number of IELs and the level of FC. Treatment with rifaximin improves the kynurenic pathway, as well as abdominal and mental complaints. Therefore, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth can be a cause of abdominal symptoms, but also mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cezary Chojnacki
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland
| | - Paulina Konrad
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Błońska
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marta Medrek-Socha
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Jan Chojnacki
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (T.P.)
| | - Tomasz Poplawski
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (T.P.)
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Chatrath A, Kumar M, Prasad R. Comparative proteomics and variations in extracellular matrix of Candida tropicalis biofilm in response to citral. PROTOPLASMA 2022; 259:263-275. [PMID: 33959808 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-021-01658-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Candida tropicalis is an opportunistic human pathogen with an ability to cause superficial as well as systemic infections in immunocompromised patients. The formation of biofilm by C. tropicalis can cause dreadful and persistent infections which are difficult to treat due to acquired resistance. Presently, available anti-Candida drugs exhibit a high frequency of resistance, low specificity and toxicity at a higher dosage. In addition, the discovery of natural or synthetic anti-Candida drugs is slow paced and often does not pass clinical trials. Citral, a monoterpene aldehyde, has shown effective antimicrobial activities against various microorganisms. However, only few studies have elaborated the action of citral against the biofilm of C. tropicalis. In the present work, the aim was to study the fungicidal effect, differential expression of proteome and changes in extracellular matrix in response to the sub-lethal concentration (16 µg/mL) of citral. The administration of citral on C. tropicalis biofilm leads to a fungicidal effect. Furthermore, the differential expression of proteome has revealed twenty-five proteins in C. tropicalis biofilm, which were differentially expressed in the presence of citral. Among these, amino acid biosynthesis (Met6p, Gln1p, Pha2p); nucleotide biosynthesis (Xpt1p); carbohydrate metabolism (Eno1p, Fba1p, Gpm1p); sterol biosynthesis (Mvd1p/Erg19p, Hem13p); energy metabolism (Dnm1p, Coa1p, Ndk1p, Atp2p, Atp4p, Hts1p); oxidative stress (Hda2p, Gre22p, Tsa1p, Pst2p, Sod2p) and biofilm-specific (Adh1p, Ape1p, Gsp1p) proteins were identified. The overexpression of oxidative stress-related proteins indicates the response of biofilm cell to combating oxidative stress during citral treatment. Moreover, the upregulation of Adh1p is of particular interest because it subsidizes the biofilm inhibition through ethanol production as a cellular response. The augmented expression of Mvd1p/Erg19p signifies the effect of citral on ergosterol biosynthesis. The presence of citral has also shown an increment in hexosamine and ergosterol component in extracellular matrix of C. tropicalis biofilm. Hence, it is indicated that the cellular response towards citral acts through multifactorial processes. This study will further help in the interpretation of the effect of citral on C. tropicalis biofilm and development of novel antifungal agents against these potential protein targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apurva Chatrath
- Molecular Biology & Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Protein Structural & Molecular Dynamics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ramasare Prasad
- Molecular Biology & Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
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Brugnera M, Vicario-de-la-Torre M, Andrés-Guerrero V, Bravo-Osuna I, Molina-Martínez IT, Herrero-Vanrell R. Validation of a Rapid and Easy-to-Apply Method to Simultaneously Quantify Co-Loaded Dexamethasone and Melatonin PLGA Microspheres by HPLC-UV: Encapsulation Efficiency and In Vitro Release. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020288. [PMID: 35214021 PMCID: PMC8878730 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper discusses the development and validation of a rapid method for the reversed phase HPLC-UV quantification of biodegradable poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) microspheres co-loaded with two neuroprotective agents (dexamethasone and melatonin) (DX-MEL-MSs) to be intravitreally administered as a promising glaucoma treatment. The study was performed to validate two procedures that quantify the content of the two active substances entrapped into the polymer matrix during an encapsulation efficiency assay and the amount of drugs liberated over time during the in vitro release assay. The reversed-phase method allowed for the simultaneous determination of dexamethasone and melatonin, which were respectively detected at 240.5 and 222.7 nm. Chromatographic separation was performed using an Ascentis® C18 HPLC Column (25 cm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) with an isocratic mobile phase composed of methanol-water (70:30, v/v) with 1.0 mL min−1 flow rate. The two procedures were validated analytically in terms of system suitability testing, specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, sensitivity, and robustness. Both the validated procedures were applied to characterize DX-MEL-MSs and were found appropriate to quantify the drug quantities encapsulated and estimate their release profile over 10 days. The validation study designed in this work can be helpful for planning any other protocols that refer to the quantification of PLGA based drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Brugnera
- Innovation, Therapy and Pharmaceutical Development in Ophthalmology (InnOftal) Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.B.); (M.V.-d.-l.-T.); (V.A.-G.); (I.B.-O.); (I.T.M.-M.)
- Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), San Carlos Clinical Hospital, Calle Profesor Martín Lagos, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Vicario-de-la-Torre
- Innovation, Therapy and Pharmaceutical Development in Ophthalmology (InnOftal) Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.B.); (M.V.-d.-l.-T.); (V.A.-G.); (I.B.-O.); (I.T.M.-M.)
- Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), San Carlos Clinical Hospital, Calle Profesor Martín Lagos, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanessa Andrés-Guerrero
- Innovation, Therapy and Pharmaceutical Development in Ophthalmology (InnOftal) Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.B.); (M.V.-d.-l.-T.); (V.A.-G.); (I.B.-O.); (I.T.M.-M.)
- Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), San Carlos Clinical Hospital, Calle Profesor Martín Lagos, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Bravo-Osuna
- Innovation, Therapy and Pharmaceutical Development in Ophthalmology (InnOftal) Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.B.); (M.V.-d.-l.-T.); (V.A.-G.); (I.B.-O.); (I.T.M.-M.)
- Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), San Carlos Clinical Hospital, Calle Profesor Martín Lagos, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Teresa Molina-Martínez
- Innovation, Therapy and Pharmaceutical Development in Ophthalmology (InnOftal) Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.B.); (M.V.-d.-l.-T.); (V.A.-G.); (I.B.-O.); (I.T.M.-M.)
- Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), San Carlos Clinical Hospital, Calle Profesor Martín Lagos, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Herrero-Vanrell
- Innovation, Therapy and Pharmaceutical Development in Ophthalmology (InnOftal) Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.B.); (M.V.-d.-l.-T.); (V.A.-G.); (I.B.-O.); (I.T.M.-M.)
- Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), San Carlos Clinical Hospital, Calle Profesor Martín Lagos, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Investigation of distinct contribution of nitric oxide and each reactive oxygen species in indole-3-propionic-acid-induced apoptosis-like death in Escherichia coli. Life Sci 2021; 285:120003. [PMID: 34599936 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Indole-3-propionic acid (IPA) is a natural product from human microbiota, exhibiting diverse biological activities. The study focused on investigating the antibacterial mode of action(s) triggered by IPA in Escherichia coli. Separate influence of nitric oxide (NO) and each reactive oxygen species, including superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydroxyl radical (OH-), was specifically analyzed throughout the process. MAIN METHODS The generation of respective reactive oxygen species (ROS), NO, and ONOO- was conducted using flow cytometer using different dyes. Further analysis of separate influences was held based on usage of each scavenger: sodium pyruvate, thiourea, tiron, and L-NAME. Oxidative cell damage was observed through the detection of glutathione depletion and lipid peroxidation. DNA fragmentation and membrane depolarization were observed by TUNEL and DiBAC4(3) staining agent. Finally, Annexin V/PI and FITC-VAD-FMK were applied to detect apoptosis-like death. KEY FINDINGS IPA exhibited antibacterial activity in E. coli through the accumulation of ROS, NO, ONOO-, and DNA damage, eventually leading to apoptosis-like death. NO and O2- exerted the most potent influence on oxidative damage of E. coli, whereas H2O2 accounts for the least impact. Moreover, the results reveal the major contribution of ONOO- in IPA-induced apoptosis-like death in E. coli. SIGNIFICANCE This is the first study that introduces the antibacterial activity and apoptosis-like death induced by IPA and suggests the possibility of being an alternative for current antibiotics. Furthermore, the distinct influence of each ROS and NO was analyzed to investigate their contribution to oxidative damage leading to bacterial apoptosis-like death.
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The Kynurenine Pathway as a Potential Target for Neuropathic Pain Therapy Design: From Basic Research to Clinical Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011055. [PMID: 34681715 PMCID: PMC8537209 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests the key role of the kynurenine pathway (KP) of the tryptophan metabolism in the pathogenesis of several diseases. Despite extensive research aimed at clarifying the mechanisms underlying the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain, the roles of KP metabolites in this process are still not fully known. Although the function of the peripheral KP has been known for several years, it has only recently been acknowledged that its metabolites within the central nervous system have remarkable consequences related to physiology and behavior. Both the products and metabolites of the KP are involved in the pathogenesis of pain conditions. Apart from the neuroactive properties of kynurenines, the KP regulates several neurotransmitter systems in direct or indirect ways. Some neuroactive metabolites are known to have neuroprotective properties (kynurenic acid, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide cofactor), while others are toxic (3-hydroxykynurenine, quinolinic acid). Numerous animal models show that modulation of the KP may turn out to be a viable target for the treatment of diseases. Importantly, some compounds that affect KP enzymes are currently described to possess analgesic properties. Additionally, kynurenine metabolites may be useful for assessing response to therapy or as biomarkers in therapeutic monitoring. The following review describes the molecular site of action and changes in the levels of metabolites of the kynurenine pathway in the pathogenesis of various conditions, with a particular emphasis on their involvement in neuropathy. Moreover, the potential clinical implications of KP modulation in chronic pain therapy as well as the directions of new research initiatives are discussed.
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Gargano G, Oliva F, Migliorini F, Maffulli N. Melatonin and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: The present evidence. Surgeon 2021; 20:e315-e321. [PMID: 34489192 DOI: 10.1016/j.surge.2021.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a multifactorial condition with genetic predisposing factors, and several causes have been put forward for its aetiopathogenesis, including possible hormonal dysfunction. Melatonin seems to play significant role in AIS. METHODS A systematic search in different database, to July 2021, was performed to define the role of melatonin in the pathophysiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Eight suitable studies were identified. RESULTS The concentration and rhythm of melatonin secretion can play an important role by influencing the pathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. CONCLUSIONS Although there are many alterations of melatonin in subjects with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, the many variables present do not allow to establish a direct cause-effect relationship. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Gargano
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, AOU San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona, Via San Leonardo 1, 84131, Salerno, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 7, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Francesco Oliva
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, AOU San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona, Via San Leonardo 1, 84131, Salerno, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 7, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Filippo Migliorini
- Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma, and Reconstructive Surgery, RWTH University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, AOU San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona, Via San Leonardo 1, 84131, Salerno, Italy; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 7, Baronissi, SA, Italy; Queen Mary University of London, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Mile End Hospital, 275 Bancroft Road, London, E1 4DG, 10, England; School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University School of Medicine, Thornburrow Drive, Stoke on Trent, England.
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Melatonin, Its Metabolites and Their Interference with Reactive Nitrogen Compounds. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26134105. [PMID: 34279445 PMCID: PMC8271479 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26134105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin and several of its metabolites are interfering with reactive nitrogen. With the notion of prevailing melatonin formation in tissues that exceeds by far the quantities in blood, metabolites come into focus that are poorly found in the circulation. Apart from their antioxidant actions, both melatonin and N1-acetyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AMK) downregulate inducible and inhibit neuronal NO synthases, and additionally scavenge NO. However, the NO adduct of melatonin redonates NO, whereas AMK forms with NO a stable product. Many other melatonin metabolites formed in oxidative processes also contain nitrosylatable sites. Moreover, AMK readily scavenges products of the CO2-adduct of peroxynitrite such as carbonate radicals and NO2. Protein AMKylation seems to be involved in protective actions.
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Ezzati M, Velaei K, Kheirjou R. Melatonin and its mechanism of action in the female reproductive system and related malignancies. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:3177-3190. [PMID: 33864572 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04151-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), the main product of pineal gland in vertebrates, is well known for its multifunctional role which has great influences on the reproductive system. Recent studies documented that melatonin is a powerful free radical scavenger that affects the reproductive system function and female infertility by MT1 and MT2 receptors. Furthermore, cancer researches indicate the influence of melatonin on the modulation of tumor cell signaling pathways resulting in growth inhibitor of the both in vivo/in vitro models. Cancer adjuvant therapy can also benefit from melatonin through therapeutic impact and decreasing the side effects of radiation and chemotherapy. This article reviews the scientific evidence about the influence of melatonin and its mechanism of action on the fertility potential, physiological alteration, and anticancer efficacy, during experimental and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ezzati
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, PO. Box: 51376563833, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Kobra Velaei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Raziyeh Kheirjou
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Invited Review: Maintain or Improve Piglet Gut Health around Weanling: The Fundamental Effects of Dietary Amino Acids. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11041110. [PMID: 33924356 PMCID: PMC8069201 DOI: 10.3390/ani11041110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut health has significant implications for swine nutrient utilization and overall health. The basic gut morphology and its luminal microbiota play determinant roles for maintaining gut health and functions. Amino acids (AA), a group of essential nutrients for pigs, are not only obligatory for maintaining gut mucosal mass and integrity, but also for supporting the growth of luminal microbiota. This review summarized the up-to-date knowledge concerning the effects of dietary AA supplementation on the gut health of weanling piglets. For instance, threonine, arginine, glutamine, methionine and cysteine are beneficial to gut mucosal immunity and barrier function. Glutamine, arginine, threonine, methionine and cysteine can also assist with relieving the post-weaning stress of young piglets by improving gut immunological functions, antioxidant capacity, and/or anti-inflammatory ability. Glutamine, glutamate, glycine and cysteine can assist to reconstruct the gut structure after its damage and reverse its dysfunction. Furthermore, methionine, lysine, threonine, and glutamate play key roles in affecting bacteria growth in the lumen. Overall, the previous studies with different AA showed both similar and different effects on the gut health, but how to take advantages of all these effects for field application is not clear. It is uncertain whether these AA effects are synergetic or antagonistic. The interactions between the effects of non-nutrient feed additives and the fundamental effects of AA warrant further investigation. Considering the global push to minimize the antibiotics and ZnO usage in swine production, a primary effort at present may be made to explore the specific effects of individual AA, and then the concert effects of multiple AA, on the profile and functions of gut microbiota in young pigs.
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Abdel-Wahab A, Hassanin KMA, Ibrahim SS, El-Kossi DMMH, Abdel-Razik ARH. Developmental Programming: Physiological Impacts of Prenatal Melatonin Administration on Reproductive Capacity and Serum Triiodothyronine of Adult Female Offspring Rat Born to Moms Exposed to Bisphenol A During Pregnancy. Reprod Sci 2021; 28:1956-1966. [PMID: 33469879 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00452-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Gestational bisphenol A (BPA) exposure induced multiple programmed diseases in the adult offsprings. Thus, this study targeted exploring the physiological impacts of melatonin (MEL) as a reprogramming strategy against in utero BPA exposure on reproductive capacity of adult F1 female rat offspring. Forty adult pregnant albino female rats were divided equally into 5 groups (n = 8): group I (control), group II (low-dose BPA; 25 μg BPA/kg B.w.t.), group III (low-dose BPA + 10 mg MEL/kg B.w.t.), group IV (high-dose BPA; 250 μg/kg B.w.t.), and group V (high-dose BPA + MEL). Treatments were given daily by subcutaneous (s/c) injection from the fourth day of pregnancy until full term. After delivery, female offspring were selected, and on postnatal day 60, adult offspring were examined for estrus regularity and then were sacrificed at estrus to collect blood and tissue samples. Findings clarified that in utero BPA exposure (both doses) increased significantly (P < 0.05) the ovarian weights and the serum levels of estrogen but decreased that of triiodothyronine (T3) compared to control groups. Significant increasing of serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreasing of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were also detected. Both doses of BPA disturbed remarkably the estrus cycles and caused marked aberrations in ovarian and uterine tissues. Interestingly, prenatal MEL co-treatment with BPA mitigated significantly all of these degenerative changes. Thus, this study first demonstrated that prenatal MEL therapy could be used as a potent reprogramming intervention against BPA-induced reproductive disorders in the adult F1 female rat offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdel-Wahab
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt.
| | - Kamel M A Hassanin
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt
| | - Shawky S Ibrahim
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Dina M M H El-Kossi
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt
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Pan X, Liu X, Zhuang X, Liu Y, Li S. Co-delivery of dexamethasone and melatonin by drugs laden PLGA nanoparticles for the treatment of glaucoma. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Socaciu AI, Ionuţ R, Socaciu MA, Ungur AP, Bârsan M, Chiorean A, Socaciu C, Râjnoveanu AG. Melatonin, an ubiquitous metabolic regulator: functions, mechanisms and effects on circadian disruption and degenerative diseases. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2020; 21:465-478. [PMID: 32691289 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-020-09570-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The last four decades, we assist to an increasing scientific interest on melatonin, a circadian hormone, a metabolic regulator which influences not only plants' metabolism and their defense against pathogens but mostly the animals and humans' metabolic pathways, their response to circadian disruption, stress and burnout syndrome. In humans, as a hormonal regulator, produced in the pineal grand as well in mitochondria, melatonin is involved in different, complex intracellular signaling pathways, with antioxidant and immune stimulating effects, proving to act as a circadian synchronizer, as a preventive and therapeutic agent in many degenerative diseases, and especially in hormone-dependent cancers. Preclinical or clinical studies showed recently the mechanisms involved in regulating the cellular activity, its role in aging and circadian disturbances and impact on degenerative diseases. Melatonin proved to have an anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic and powerful antioxidant effect by subtle mechanisms in mitochondrial metabolic pathways. This overview includes recent and relevant literature data related to the impact of endogenous and exogeneous melatonin on the prevention of cancer progression and treatment of various degenerative diseases. Metabolomics, an emerging new omics' technology, based on high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry is presented as an encouraging technique to fingerprint and realize a precise evaluation and monitoring of the turnover of melatonin and its metabolites in different pathological circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Iulia Socaciu
- Department of Occupational Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Haţieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Răzvan Ionuţ
- Department of Occupational Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Haţieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihai Adrian Socaciu
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Haţieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andreea Petra Ungur
- Department of Occupational Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Haţieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Maria Bârsan
- Department of Occupational Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Haţieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Angelica Chiorean
- Department of Radiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Haţieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Carmen Socaciu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Armand Gabriel Râjnoveanu
- Department of Occupational Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Haţieganu", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Sheikholeslami MN, Gómez-Canela C, Barron LP, Barata C, Vosough M, Tauler R. Untargeted metabolomics changes on Gammarus pulex induced by propranolol, triclosan, and nimesulide pharmaceutical drugs. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 260:127479. [PMID: 32758777 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The presence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in natural water resources due to incomplete removal in Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) is a serious environmental concern at present. In this work, the effects of three pharmaceuticals (propranolol, triclosan, and nimesulide) on Gammarus pulex metabolic profiles at different doses and times of exposure have been investigated by liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). The complex data sets generated in the different exposure experiments were analyzed with the ROIMCR procedure, based on the selection of the MS regions of interest (ROI) data and on their analysis by the Multivariate Curve-Resolution Alternating Least Squares (MCR-ALS) chemometrics method. This approach, allowed the resolution and identification of the metabolites present in the analyzed samples, as well as the estimation of their concentration changes due to the exposure experiments. ANOVA Simultaneous Component Analysis (ASCA) and Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) were then conducted to assess the changes in the concentration of the metabolites for the three pharmaceuticals at the different conditions of exposure. The three tested pharmaceuticals changed the concentrations of metabolites, which were related to different KEGG functional classes. These changes summarize the biochemical response of Gammarus pulex to the exposure by the three investigated pharmaceuticals. Possible pathway alterations related to protein synthesis and oxidative stress were observed in the concentration of identified metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa N Sheikholeslami
- Department of Clean Technologies, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, P.O. Box 14335-186, Tehran, Iran; Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Cristian Gómez-Canela
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Applied (Chromatography Section), School of Engineering, Institut Químic de Sarrià-Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Agusta 390, 08017, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Leon P Barron
- Dept. Analytical, Environmental & Forensic Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK; Environmental Research Group, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK.
| | - Carlos Barata
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Maryam Vosough
- Department of Clean Technologies, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, P.O. Box 14335-186, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Roma Tauler
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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Fadl AM, Ghallab ARM, Abou-Ahmed MM, Moawad AR. Melatonin can improve viability and functional integrity of cooled and frozen/thawed rabbit spermatozoa. Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 56:103-111. [PMID: 33145881 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin is known to protect sperm against freezing-inflicted damage in different domestic species. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation of semen extender with melatonin on the quality and DNA integrity of cooled and frozen/thawed rabbit spermatozoa. We also investigated whether the addition of melatonin to the semen extender could improve the fertility of rabbit does artificially inseminated with frozen/thawed semen. Semen samples collected from eight rabbit bucks were pooled and then diluted in INRA-82 supplemented either with (0.5, 1.0 or 1.5 mM) or without (0.0 mM) melatonin. Diluted semen was cooled at 5°C for 24 hr. For cryopreservation and based on the first experiment's best result, semen samples were diluted in INRA-82 in the presence or absence of 1.0 mM melatonin and then frozen in 0.25 ml straws. Following cooling or thawing, sperm quality and DNA integrity were evaluated. Furthermore, the fertility of frozen/thawed semen was investigated after artificial insemination. Supplementation of semen extender with 1.0 mM melatonin improved (p < .05) motility, viability, membrane and acrosome integrities in cooled semen compared with other groups. Sperm quality and DNA integrity were higher (p < .05) in frozen/thawed semen diluted in 1.0 mM melatonin-supplemented extender than in the control group. Conception and birth rates were higher in does inseminated with 1.0 mM melatonin treated semen compared with the controls. In conclusion, supplementation of semen extender with 1.0 mM melatonin improved the quality of cooled and frozen/thawed rabbit spermatozoa. Melatonin can preserve DNA integrity and enhance the fertility of frozen/thawed rabbit spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya M Fadl
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abdel Raouf M Ghallab
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mostafa M Abou-Ahmed
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Adel R Moawad
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Godard T, Zühlke D, Richter G, Wall M, Rohde M, Riedel K, Poblete-Castro I, Krull R, Biedendieck R. Metabolic Rearrangements Causing Elevated Proline and Polyhydroxybutyrate Accumulation During the Osmotic Adaptation Response of Bacillus megaterium. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:47. [PMID: 32161752 PMCID: PMC7053513 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
For many years now, Bacillus megaterium serves as a microbial workhorse for the high-level production of recombinant proteins in the g/L-scale. However, efficient and stable production processes require the knowledge of the molecular adaptation strategies of the host organism to establish optimal environmental conditions. Here, we interrogated the osmotic stress response of B. megaterium using transcriptome, proteome, metabolome, and fluxome analyses. An initial transient adaptation consisted of potassium import and glutamate counterion synthesis. The massive synthesis of the compatible solute proline constituted the second longterm adaptation process. Several stress response enzymes involved in iron scavenging and reactive oxygen species (ROS) fighting proteins showed higher levels under prolonged osmotic stress induced by 1.8 M NaCl. At the same time, the downregulation of the expression of genes of the upper part of glycolysis resulted in the activation of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), generating an oversupply of NADPH. The increased production of lactate accompanied by the reduction of acetate secretion partially compensate for the unbalanced (NADH/NAD+) ratio. Besides, the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) mainly supplies the produced NADH, as indicated by the higher mRNA and protein levels of involved enzymes, and further confirmed by 13C flux analyses. As a consequence of the metabolic flux toward acetyl-CoA and the generation of an excess of NADPH, B. megaterium redirected the produced acetyl-CoA toward the polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) biosynthetic pathway accumulating around 30% of the cell dry weight (CDW) as PHB. This direct relation between osmotic stress and intracellular PHB content has been evidenced for the first time, thus opening new avenues for synthesizing this valuable biopolymer using varying salt concentrations under non-limiting nutrient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Godard
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Daniela Zühlke
- Institute of Microbiology, Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Georg Richter
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Melanie Wall
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Manfred Rohde
- Central Facility for Microscopy, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Katharina Riedel
- Institute of Microbiology, Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ignacio Poblete-Castro
- Biosystems Engineering Laboratory, Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rainer Krull
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.,Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.,Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Rebekka Biedendieck
- Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.,Institute of Microbiology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
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Musa balbisiana Fruit Rich in Polyphenols Attenuates Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy in Rats via Inhibition of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:7147498. [PMID: 32082481 PMCID: PMC7007945 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7147498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Musa balbisiana Colla (Family: Musaceae), commonly known as banana and native to India and other parts of Asia, is very rich in nutritional value and has strong antioxidant potential. In the present study, we have developed Musa balbisiana (MB) fruit pulp powder and evaluated its cardioprotective effect in cardiac hypertrophy, which is often associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. An ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer (UPLC-MS/MS) has been used for the detection and systematic characterization of the phenolic compounds present in Musa balbisiana fruit pulp. The cardioprotective effect of MB was evaluated in a rat model of isoproterenol- (ISO-) induced cardiac hypertrophy by subcutaneous administration of isoproterenol (5 mg/kg−1/day−1), delivered through an alzet minipump for 14 days. Oral administration of MB fruit pulp powder (200 mg/kg/day) significantly (p < 0.001) decreased heart weight/tail length ratio and cardiac hypertrophy markers like ANP, BNP, β-MHC, and collagen-1 gene expression. MB also attenuated ISO-induced cardiac inflammation and oxidative stress. The in vivo data were further confirmed in vitro in H9c2 cells where the antihypertrophic and anti-inflammatory effect of the aqueous extract of MB was observed in the presence of ISO and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), respectively. This study strongly suggests that supplementation of dried Musa balbisiana fruit powder can be useful for the prevention of cardiac hypertrophy via the inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Du L, Zhang Z, Xu Q, Chen N. Central metabolic pathway modification to improve L-tryptophan production in Escherichia coli. Bioengineered 2019; 10:59-70. [PMID: 30866700 PMCID: PMC6527064 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2019.1592417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Tryptophan, an aromatic amino acid, has been widely used in food industry because it participates in the regulation of protein synthesis and metabolic network in vivo. In this study, we obtained a strain named TRP03 by enhancing the tryptophan synthesis pathway, which could accumulate tryptophan at approximately 35 g/L in a 5 L bioreactor. We then modified the central metabolic pathway of TRP03, to increase the supply of the precursor phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), the genes related to PEP were modified. Furthermore, citric acid transport system and TCA were upregulated to effectively increase cell growth. We observed that strain TRP07 that could accumulate tryptophan at approximately 49 g/L with a yield of 0.186 g tryptophan/g glucose in a 5 L bioreactor. By-products such as glutamate and acetic acid were reduced to 0.8 g/L and 2.2 g/L, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Du
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Qingyang Xu
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Ning Chen
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
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Lin Y, Chen A, Peng L, Luo S, Zeng Q, Shao J. Physiological characteristics and toxin production of Microcystis aeruginosa (Cyanobacterium) in response to DOM in anaerobic digestion effluent. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 685:902-910. [PMID: 31247437 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The ecological implications of livestock production intensification have received sustained attention across the globe. Anaerobic digestion is the main process for livestock waste treatment. However, the ecological consequences of dissolved organic matter originating from anaerobic digestion (AD-DOM) in eutrophic water bodies remain elusive. In this study, the physiological responses of a bloom-forming cyanobacterium, Microcystis aeruginosa, to AD-DOM were investigated. Moreover, the composition of AD-DOM was identified by using thermochemolysis followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The growth of M. aeruginosa FACHB905 was not sensitive to low levels (0.625-1.25%, V/V) of AD-DOM but was inhibited by high levels (2.5-5%, V/V) of AD-DOM, resulting from photoinhibition damage to photosystem II (PSII). The main target of AD-DOM in PSII was the electron accepting side (ψ0) or the electron donor side (φ P0), depending on time variables. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) level showed a positive correlation with AD-DOM addition; however, it was higher than that of the control for 3.75-5% AD-DOM on the 6th day. The intracellular microcystin contents (including MC-LR and Dha7-MC-LR) decreased in response to AD-DOM addition, but extracellular microcystin increased after 6 days of exposure. In addition, GC-MS detection showed that AD-DOM is mainly composed of lignin-derived aromatic compounds, alkanes/alkene, nitrogen-containing compounds, and sterols. The results presented in this study suggested that AD-DOM released from the livestock industry may play a subtle role in affecting harmful algal blooms through level-dependent variables. In addition, the ecological consequences of microcystin released by toxin-producing species under AD-DOM stress are still worth considering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Lin
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Anwei Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Liang Peng
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Si Luo
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Qingru Zeng
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Jihai Shao
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain and Oil Crops in South China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China.
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Jürgenson M, Zharkovskaja T, Noortoots A, Morozova M, Beniashvili A, Zapolski M, Zharkovsky A. Effects of the drug combination memantine and melatonin on impaired memory and brain neuronal deficits in an amyloid-predominant mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. J Pharm Pharmacol 2019; 71:1695-1705. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with no cure. Limited treatment options available today do not offer solutions to slow or stop any of the suspected causes. The current medications used for the symptomatic treatment of AD include memantine and acetylcholine esterase inhibitors. Some studies suggest that melatonin could also be used in AD patients due to its sleep-improving properties.
Methods
In this study, we evaluated whether a combination of memantine with melatonin, administered for 32 days in drinking water, was more effective than either drug alone with respect to Aβ aggregates, neuroinflammation and cognition in the double transgenic APP/PS1 (5xFAD) mouse model of AD.
Key findings
In this study, chronic administration of memantine with melatonin improved episodic memory in the object recognition test and reduced the number of amyloid aggregates and reactive microgliosis in the brains of 5xFAD mice. Although administration of memantine or melatonin alone also reduced the number of amyloid aggregates and inflammation in brain, this study shows a clear benefit of the drug combination, which had a significantly stronger effect in this amyloid-dominant mouse model of AD.
Conclusion
Our data suggest considerable potential for the use of memantine with melatonin in patients with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Jürgenson
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tamara Zharkovskaja
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Aveli Noortoots
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | | | - Max Zapolski
- Valentech Ltd, Skolkovo Innovation Centre, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Zharkovsky
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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Huang SH, Liao CL, Chen SJ, Shi LG, Lin L, Chen YW, Cheng CP, Sytwu HK, Shang ST, Lin GJ. Melatonin possesses an anti-influenza potential through its immune modulatory effect. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Grupp K, Erbes J, Poppe A, Wodack K, Gocht A, Trepte C, Havel J, Mann O, Izbicki JR, Bachmann K. Melatonin treatment of pigs with acute pancreatitis reduces inflammatory reaction of pancreatic tissue and enhances fitness score of pigs: experimental research. World J Emerg Surg 2019; 14:18. [PMID: 31007709 PMCID: PMC6458612 DOI: 10.1186/s13017-019-0237-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Severe acute pancreatitis is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Melatonin is known as the activator of antioxidant enzymes. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical effect of melatonin treatment in a pig model with induced acute pancreatitis. Methods In this study, acute pancreatitis was induced in 38 German domestic pigs (German Hybrid). After induction of acute pancreatitis, 18 animals were treated with melatonin. Intraoperative clinical data, postoperative blood parameters, fitness, and Porcine Well-being (PWB) score, and post-mortal histopathological data were analyzed in both study groups. Results The matching procedure created two groups (melatonin group and control group) which were very similar. The fitness and PWB score were postoperative significantly enhanced in the melatonin group as compared to the control group (p = 0.005 and p = 0.003). Additionally, histological analysis revealed that acinar necrosis, fat tissue necrosis, and edema were significantly reduced in the melatonin group as compared to the non-melatonin group (p = 0.025, p = 0.003, and p = 0.028). Conclusions Pigs, which were treated with melatonin, were characterized by higher fitness and PWB scores than those of the control group. Moreover, melatonin treatment reduces the acinar necrosis, fat tissue necrosis, and edema of pancreatic tissue. Thus, melatonin might be a useful therapeutic option in severe acute pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Grupp
- 1Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Erbes
- 1Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Annika Poppe
- 2Centre of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Karin Wodack
- 2Centre of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Gocht
- 3Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Constantin Trepte
- 2Centre of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Havel
- 1Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Mann
- 1Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jakob R Izbicki
- 1Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kai Bachmann
- 1Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Huang CC, Chiou CH, Liu SC, Hu SL, Su CM, Tsai CH, Tang CH. Melatonin attenuates TNF-α and IL-1β expression in synovial fibroblasts and diminishes cartilage degradation: Implications for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. J Pineal Res 2019; 66:e12560. [PMID: 30648758 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The hormone melatonin has many properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. Melatonin has been demonstrated to be beneficial in several inflammatory autoimmune diseases, but its effects in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remain controversial. We sought to determine how melatonin regulates inflammation in RA. We found that melatonin dose-dependently inhibits tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-1β expression through the PI3K/AKT, ERK, and NF-κB signaling pathways. We also identified that melatonin inhibits TNF-α and IL-1β production by upregulating miR-3150a-3p expression. Synovial tissue specimens from RA patients and culture of human rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocytes confirmed that the MT1 receptor is needed for the anti-inflammatory activities of melatonin. Importantly, melatonin also significantly reduced paw swelling, cartilage degradation, and bone erosion in the collagen-induced arthritis mouse model. Our results indicate that melatonin ameliorates RA by inhibiting TNF-α and IL-1β production through downregulation of the PI3K/AKT, ERK, NF-κB signaling pathways, as well as miR-3150a-3p overexpression. The role of melatonin as an adjuvant treatment in patients with RA deserves further clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Chung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsiang Chiou
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Chi Liu
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Lin Hu
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Ming Su
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Laboratory, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, China
| | - Chun-Hao Tsai
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Nie L, Gao C, Shen T, Jing J, Zhang S, Zhang X. Dual-Site Fluorescent Probe to Monitor Intracellular Nitroxyl and GSH-GSSG Oscillations. Anal Chem 2019; 91:4451-4456. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Longxue Nie
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photo-electronic/Electro-photonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Congcong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photo-electronic/Electro-photonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianjiao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photo-electronic/Electro-photonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Jing
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photo-electronic/Electro-photonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaowen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photo-electronic/Electro-photonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photo-electronic/Electro-photonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China
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Jou MJ, Peng TI, Reiter RJ. Protective stabilization of mitochondrial permeability transition and mitochondrial oxidation during mitochondrial Ca 2+ stress by melatonin's cascade metabolites C3-OHM and AFMK in RBA1 astrocytes. J Pineal Res 2019; 66:e12538. [PMID: 30415481 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic 3-hydroxymelatonin (C3-OHM) and N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AFMK) are two major cascade metabolites of melatonin. We previously showed melatonin provides multiple levels of mitochondria-targeted protection beyond as a mitochondrial antioxidant during ionomycin-induced mitochondrial Ca2+ (mCa2+ ) stress in RBA1 astrocytes. Using noninvasive laser scanning fluorescence coupled time-lapse digital imaging microscopy, this study investigated whether C3-OHM and AFMK also provide mitochondrial levels of protection during ionomycin-induced mCa2+ stress in RBA1 astrocytes. Interestingly, precise temporal and spatial dynamic live mitochondrial images revealed that C3-OHM and AFMK prevented specifically mCa2+ -mediated mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) formation and hence mROS-mediated depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential (△Ψm ) and permanent lethal opening of the MPT (p-MPT). The antioxidative effects of AFMK, however, were less potent than that of C3-OHM. Whether C3-OHM and AFMK targeted directly the MPT was investigated under a condition of "oxidation free-Ca2+ stress" using a classic antioxidant vitamin E to remove mCa2+ -mediated mROS stress and the potential antioxidative effects of C3-OHM and AFMK. Intriguingly, two compounds still effectively postponed "oxidation free-Ca2+ stress"-mediated depolarization of △Ψm and p-MPT. Measurements using a MPT pore-specific indicator Calcein further identified that C3-OHM and AFMK, rather than inhibiting, stabilized the MPT in its transient protective opening mode (t-MPT), a critical mechanism to reduce overloaded mROS and mCa2+ . These multiple layers of mitochondrial protection provided by C3-OHM and AFMK thus crucially allow melatonin to extend its metabolic cascades of mitochondrial protection during mROS- and mCa2+ -mediated MPT-associated apoptotic stresses and may provide therapeutic benefits against astrocyte-mediated neurodegeneration in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Jie Jou
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-I Peng
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, Keelung, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
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Iron-catalysed chemistry in the gastrointestinal tract: Mechanisms, kinetics and consequences. A review. Food Chem 2018; 268:27-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Hong Yang, Jia-Bao Li, Muhammad Kamran Siddiqui, Waqas Nazeer, Meysam Najafi. A Theoretical Examination of the Antioxidant Activity of NH2, OMe, and tert-Butyl Sesamol Derivatives and Their Drug Delivery with C60 Nanocage. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024418130216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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The multiple functions of melatonin in regenerative medicine. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 45:33-52. [PMID: 29630951 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin research has been experiencing hyper growth in the last two decades; this relates to its numerous physiological functions including anti-inflammation, oncostasis, circadian and endocrine rhythm regulation, and its potent antioxidant activity. Recently, a large number of studies have focused on the role of melatonin in the regeneration of cells or tissues after their partial loss. In this review, we discuss the recent findings on the molecular involvement of melatonin in the regeneration of various tissues including the nervous system, liver, bone, kidney, bladder, skin, and muscle, among others.
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Melatonin-Mediated Development of Ovine Cumulus Cells, Perhaps by Regulation of DNA Methylation. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020494. [PMID: 29473888 PMCID: PMC6017080 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cumulus cells of pre-pubertal domestic animals are dysfunctional, perhaps due to age-specific epigenetic events. This study was designed to determine effects of melatonin treatment of donors on methylation modification of pre-pubertal cumulus cells. Cumulus cells from germinal vesicle stage cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were collected from eighteen lambs which were randomly divided into control group (C) and melatonin group given an 18 mg melatonin implant subcutaneous (M). Compared to the C group, the M group had higher concentrations of melatonin in plasma and follicular fluid (p < 0.05), greater superovulation, a higher proportion of fully expanded COCs, and a lower proportion of apoptotic cumulus cells (p < 0.05). Real-time PCR results showed that melatonin up-regulated expression of genes MT1, Bcl2, DNMT1, DNMT3a and DNMT3b, but down-regulated expression of genes p53, Caspase 3 and Bax (p < 0.05). Furthermore, melatonin increased FI of FITC (global methylation level) on cumulus cells (p < 0.05). To understand the regulation mechanism, the DNMTs promoter methylation sequence were analyzed. Compared to the C group, although there was less methylation at two CpG sites of DNMT1 (p < 0.05) and higher methylation at two CpG sites of DNMT3a (p < 0.05), there were no significant differences in methylation of the detected DNMT1 and DNMT3a promoter regions. However, there were lower methylation levels at five CpG sites of DNMT3b, which decreased methylation of detected DNMT3b promoter region on M group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, alterations of methylation regulated by melatonin may mediate development of cumulus cells in lambs.
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Yurt KK, Kaplan S. As a painkiller: a review of pre- and postnatal non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug exposure effects on the nervous systems. Inflammopharmacology 2017; 26:15-28. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-017-0434-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Najafi A, Adutwum E, Yari A, Salehi E, Mikaeili S, Dashtestani F, Abolhassani F, Rashki L, Shiasi S, Asadi E. Melatonin affects membrane integrity, intracellular reactive oxygen species, caspase3 activity and AKT phosphorylation in frozen thawed human sperm. Cell Tissue Res 2017; 372:149-159. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-017-2743-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Moayeri A, Mokhtari T, Hedayatpour A, Abbaszadeh HA, Mohammadpour S, Ramezanikhah H, Shokri S. Impact of melatonin supplementation in the rat spermatogenesis subjected to forced swimming exercise. Andrologia 2017; 50. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Moayeri
- Department of Anatomical Sciences; School of Medicine; Ilam University of Medical Sciences; Ilam Iran
| | - T. Mokhtari
- Department of Anatomy; School of Medicine; Semnan University of Medical Sciences; Semnan Iran
| | - A. Hedayatpour
- Department of Anatomical Sciences; School of Medicine; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - H.-A. Abbaszadeh
- Hearing Disorders Research Center & Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences; School of Medicine; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - S. Mohammadpour
- Department of Anatomical Sciences; School of Medicine; Ilam University of Medical Sciences; Ilam Iran
| | - H. Ramezanikhah
- Department of Anatomical Sciences; School of Medicine; Zanjan University of Medical Sciences; Zanjan Iran
| | - S. Shokri
- Department of Anatomical Sciences; School of Medicine; Zanjan University of Medical Sciences; Zanjan Iran
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41
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Pshenichnyuk SA, Modelli A, Jones D, Lazneva EF, Komolov AS. Low-Energy Electron Interaction with Melatonin and Related Compounds. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:3965-3974. [PMID: 28394598 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b01408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The electron attaching properties and fragmentation of temporary negative ions of melatonin and its biosynthetic precursor tryptophan are studied in vacuo using dissociative electron attachment (DEA) spectroscopy. The experimental findings are interpreted in silico with the support of Hartree-Fock and density functional theory calculations of empty orbital energies and symmetries, and evaluation of the electron affinities of the indolic molecules under investigation. The only fragment anions formed by DEA to melatonin at incident electron energies below 2 eV are associated with the elimination of a hydrogen atom (energetically favored from the NH site of the pyrrole ring, leaving the ring intact) or a CH3· radical from the temporary molecular negative ion. Opening of the pyrrole ring of melatonin is not detected over the whole electron energy range of 0-14 eV. The DEA spectra of l- and d-tryptophan are almost identical under the present experimental conditions. The adiabatic electron affinity of melatonin is predicted to be -0.49 eV at the B3LYP/6-31+G(d) level, indicating that the DEA mechanism in melatonin is likely to be present in most life forms given the availability of low energy electrons in living systems in both plant and animal kingdoms. In particular, H atom donation usually associated with free-radical scavenging activity can be stimulated by electron attachment and N-H bond cleavage at electron energies around 1 eV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav A Pshenichnyuk
- Institute of Molecule and Crystal Physics, Ufa Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences , Prospeκt Oktyabrya 151, 450075 Ufa, Russia.,St. Petersburg State University , Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alberto Modelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician″, Università di Bologna , via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.,Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca in Scienze Ambientali , via S. Alberto 163, 48123 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Derek Jones
- ISOF, Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività , C.N.R., via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Eleonora F Lazneva
- St. Petersburg State University , Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexei S Komolov
- St. Petersburg State University , Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
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42
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Liu L, Zhang F, Xu B, Tian W. Silica nanoparticles based on an AIE-active molecule for ratiometric detection of RNS in vitro. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:9197-9203. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb02734f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Silica nanoparticles based on an AIE-active molecule were prepared for ratiometric detection of reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leijing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Fengli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Bin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
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43
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González Esquivel D, Ramírez-Ortega D, Pineda B, Castro N, Ríos C, Pérez de la Cruz V. Kynurenine pathway metabolites and enzymes involved in redox reactions. Neuropharmacology 2017; 112:331-345. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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44
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Fujigaki H, Yamamoto Y, Saito K. L-Tryptophan-kynurenine pathway enzymes are therapeutic target for neuropsychiatric diseases: Focus on cell type differences. Neuropharmacology 2017; 112:264-274. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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45
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Gómez-Canela C, Miller TH, Bury NR, Tauler R, Barron LP. Targeted metabolomics of Gammarus pulex following controlled exposures to selected pharmaceuticals in water. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 562:777-788. [PMID: 27110989 PMCID: PMC4912218 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The effects of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) on aquatic organisms represent a significant current concern. Herein, a targeted metabolomics approach using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) is presented to characterise concentration changes in 29 selected metabolites following exposures of aquatic invertebrates, Gammarus pulex, to pharmaceuticals. Method performance revealed excellent linearity (R(2)>0.99), precision (0.1-19%) and lower instrumental limits of detection (0.002-0.20ng) for all metabolites studied. Three pharmaceuticals were selected representing the low, middle and high range of measured acute measured toxicities (of a total of 26 compounds). Gammarids were exposed to both the no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) and the lowest-observed-adverse-effect-level (LOAEL) of triclosan (0.1 and 0.3mgL(-1)), nimesulide (0.5 and 1.4mgL(-1)) and propranolol (100 and 153mgL(-1)) over 24h. Quantitative metabolite profiling was then performed. Significant changes in metabolite concentrations relative to controls are presented and display distinct clustered trends for each pharmaceutical. Approximately 37% (triclosan), 33% (nimesulide) and 46% (propranolol) of metabolites showed statistically significant time-related effects. Observed changes are also discussed with respect to internal concentrations of the three pharmaceuticals measured using a method based on pulverised liquid extraction, solid phase extraction and LC-MS/MS. Potential metabolic pathways that may be affected by such exposures are also discussed. This represents the first study focussing on quantitative, targeted metabolomics of this lower trophic level benthic invertebrate that may elucidate biomarkers for future risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Gómez-Canela
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Analytical & Environmental Sciences Division, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK.
| | - Thomas H Miller
- Analytical & Environmental Sciences Division, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Nicolas R Bury
- Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Romà Tauler
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Leon P Barron
- Analytical & Environmental Sciences Division, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
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46
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Reverte M, Vaissiere A, Boisguerin P, Vasseur JJ, Smietana M. RNase H-Assisted Imaging of Peroxynitrite in Living Cells with 5′-Boronic Acid Modified DNA. ACS Sens 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.6b00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maëva Reverte
- Institut des Biomolécules
Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier,
ENSCM, Place Bataillon, CC1704 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Anaïs Vaissiere
- Centre de Recherche
de Biologie Cellulaire de Montpellier, UMR 5267 CNRS, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Prisca Boisguerin
- Centre de Recherche
de Biologie Cellulaire de Montpellier, UMR 5267 CNRS, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Vasseur
- Institut des Biomolécules
Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier,
ENSCM, Place Bataillon, CC1704 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Michael Smietana
- Institut des Biomolécules
Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier,
ENSCM, Place Bataillon, CC1704 34095 Montpellier, France
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47
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Souza WL, Moraes EA, Costa JM, Sousa PH, Lopes Junior ES, Oliveira RP, Toniolli R. Efeito de diferentes concentrações de melatonina em espermatozoides de carneiros sobre estresse oxidativo após criopreservação. PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2016000700017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Resumo: Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da adição de diferentes concentrações de melatonina no sêmen diluído de carneiros após criopreservação. Foram coletados 10 ejaculados de três carneiros adultos (n=30), por meio de vagina artificial para ovinos. Os ejaculados coletados foram diluídos em Tris-Gema de ovo, para a concentração final de 200x106 sptz/mL, mantidos em banho maria a 32°C, e a melatonina adicionada conforme os tratamentos: Controle; 100pM; 100nM; 100μM e 1mM de melatonina. Então, as amostras foram resfriadas em câmara fria a 5°C por duas horas, envasadas em palhetas de 0,5 mL e lacradas. Logo após, foram acondicionadas sob vapores do nitrogênio liquido, por 15 minutos, a 8cm da lâmina líquida e congeladas com nitrogênio líquido. As amostras foram analisadas quanto à motilidade espermática, integridade da membrana plasmática, membrana acrossomal, atividade mitocondrial, quantificação do estresse oxidativo e a capacidade de ligação. As variáveis foram submetidas à análise de variância e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. A motilidade total e progressiva dos espermatozoides descongelados foi maior nas amostras tratadas com 100pM de melatonina (62,99 e 45,07% respectivamente; P<0,05) quando comparado aos demais tratamentos. A adição das diferentes concentrações de melatonina no sêmen diluído, com exceção da concentração de 1 mM, apresentou maior percentual de células com membrana plasmática íntegra, quando comparadas com o controle (P<0,05). O percentual de espermatozoides com integridade da membrana do acrossoma foi maior no sêmen tratado com 100 pM de melatonina (P<0,05) do que nos demais tratamentos. A alta atividade mitocondrial foi maior nos espermatozoides tratados com 100 pM de melatonina (69,30%; P<0,05). A adição de 100 nM de melatonina reduziu a quantidade de TBARS após a criopreservação (2,84; P<0,05) quando comparado aos demais tratamentos. Após o descongelamento, o número de espermatozoides que se ligaram à membrana perivitelina foi maior nos tratados com 100 pM de melatonina (155,73; P<0,05). Portanto, a adição de melatonina no sêmen diluído pode ser útil para aperfeiçoar a criopreservação do sêmen de ovinos, melhorando as taxas de fertilização por meio da inseminação artificial.
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48
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Yoo YM, Jang SK, Kim GH, Park JY, Joo SS. Pharmacological advantages of melatonin in immunosenescence by improving activity of T lymphocytes. J Biomed Res 2016; 30:314-21. [PMID: 27533940 PMCID: PMC4946322 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.30.2016k0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin plays a critical role in regulating photoperiodic signals and has recently been shown to decrease immunosenescence with age. In this study, we examined whether melatonin activates T lymphocytes as major adaptive immune cells in in vitro and in vivo models. Splenocytes, CD4+, and naïve CD4 T lymphocytes were isolated from the spleen of BALB/c mice and the cell population patterns and mRNA profiles associated with T cell activation (CD28 and p21) and the melatonin receptor (MT1A and MT1B) were assessed. The T cell activation-related proteins Ki67 and Bcl2 were also evaluated to confirm the relationship between gene and protein levels. Our data clearly revealed that CD28, p21, MT1A, and MT1B mRNA were highly expressed in the presence of melatonin. Co-culture of CD4+ T lymphocyte and peritoneal macrophage 7 days after melatonin administration to young and aged mice significantly increased APRIL mRNA, suggesting induction or maintenance of T lymphocyte responses. We also found that the intracellular amount of Ki67 and Bcl2 proteins were significantly upregulated in aged CD4+ T lymphocytes, suggesting enhancing T cell proliferation and ling-term maintenance of memory T cells. Taken together, we conclude that melatonin supplementation may enhance immunity in aged individuals by upregulating immunosenescence indices in association with T lymphocytes and may be an attractive pharmacological candidate for aged and immunocompromised individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong-Min Yoo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do 220-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Kil Jang
- College of Life Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do 210-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang-Hoon Kim
- College of Life Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do 210-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Youl Park
- Industry-Academic Cooperation Foundation, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 305-719, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Soo Joo
- College of Life Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do 210-702, Republic of Korea.
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49
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Baran H, Staniek K, Bertignol-Spörr M, Attam M, Kronsteiner C, Kepplinger B. Effects of Various Kynurenine Metabolites on Respiratory Parameters of Rat Brain, Liver and Heart Mitochondria. Int J Tryptophan Res 2016; 9:17-29. [PMID: 27226722 PMCID: PMC4872644 DOI: 10.4137/ijtr.s37973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, we demonstrated that the endogenous glutamate receptor antagonist kynurenic acid dose-dependently and significantly affected rat heart mitochondria. Now we have investigated the effects of L-tryptophan, L-kynurenine, 3-hydroxykynurenine and kynurenic, anthranilic, 3-hydroxyanthranilic, xanthurenic and quinolinic acids on respiratory parameters (ie, state 2, state 3), respiratory control index (RC) and ADP/oxygen ratio in brain, liver and heart mitochondria of adult rats. Mitochondria were incubated with glutamate/malate (5 mM) or succinate (10 mM) and in the presence of L-tryptophan metabolites (1 mM) or in the absence, as control. Kynurenic and anthranilic acids significantly reduced RC values of heart mitochondria in the presence of glutamate/malate. Xanthurenic acid significantly reduced RC values of brain mitochondria in the presence of glutamate/malate. Furthermore, 3-hydroxykynurenine and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid decreased RC values of brain, liver and heart mitochondria using glutamate/malate. In the presence of succinate, 3-hydroxykynurenine and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid affected RC values of brain mitochondria, whereas in liver and heart mitochondria only 3-hydroxykynurenine lowered RC values significantly. Furthermore, lowered ADP/oxygen ratios were observed in brain mitochondria in the presence of succinate with 3-hydroxykynurenine and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, and to a lesser extent with glutamate/malate. In addition, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid significantly lowered the ADP/oxygen ratio in heart mitochondria exposed to glutamate/malate, while in the liver mitochondria only a mild reduction was found. Tests of the influence of L-tryptophan and its metabolites on complex I in liver mitochondria showed that only 3-hydroxykynurenine, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid and L-kynurenine led to a significant acceleration of NADH-driven complex I activities. The data indicate that L-tryptophan metabolites had different effects on brain, liver and heart mitochondria. Alterations of L-tryptophan metabolism might have an impact on the bioenergetic activities of brain, liver and/or heart mitochondria and might be involved in the development of clinical symptoms such as cardiomyopathy, hepatopathy and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halina Baran
- Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna.; Karl Landsteiner Research Institute for Neurochemistry, Neuropharmacology, Neurorehabilitation and Pain Treatment, Mauer-Amstetten, Austria
| | - Katrin Staniek
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna
| | - Melanie Bertignol-Spörr
- Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna.; Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna
| | - Martin Attam
- Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna.; Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna
| | - Carina Kronsteiner
- Karl Landsteiner Research Institute for Neurochemistry, Neuropharmacology, Neurorehabilitation and Pain Treatment, Mauer-Amstetten, Austria
| | - Berthold Kepplinger
- Karl Landsteiner Research Institute for Neurochemistry, Neuropharmacology, Neurorehabilitation and Pain Treatment, Mauer-Amstetten, Austria
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50
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Nongonierma AB, FitzGerald RJ. Milk proteins as a source of tryptophan-containing bioactive peptides. Food Funct 2016; 6:2115-27. [PMID: 26027501 DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00407a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Tryptophan (W) is an essential amino acid which is primarily required for protein synthesis. It also acts as a precursor of key biomolecules for human health (serotonin, melatonin, tryptamine, niacin, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), phosphorylated NAD (NADP), quinolinic acid, kynureric acid, etc.). Among dietary proteins, milk proteins are particularly rich in W. W residues within milk proteins may be released by proteolytic/peptidolytic enzymes either as a free amino acid or as part of peptide sequences. Different W-containing peptides originating from milk proteins have been shown in vitro to display a wide range of bioactivities such as angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition along with antioxidant, antidiabetic and satiating related properties. Free W has been shown in certain instances to have an effect on cognition and the aforementioned bioactive properties. However, a higher bioactive potency has generally been observed with specific W-containing peptides compared to free W. Since W is thermolabile, the impact of processing on the stability of W-containing peptides needs to be considered. Milk protein-derived W-containing peptides may have significant potential as natural health promoting agents in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice B Nongonierma
- Department of Life Sciences and Food for Health Ireland (FHI), University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, Ireland.
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