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Flory A, Wilson-Robles H. Noninvasive Blood-Based Cancer Detection in Veterinary Medicine. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2024; 54:541-558. [PMID: 38195361 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
The past decade has seen incredible advances in blood-based cancer detection in people and in dogs - yet this represents only a glimpse of the benefits these tests can provide to patients. The clinical uses of this technology range from screening asymptomatic individuals for early detection to use as an aid in diagnosis when cancer is suspected, to cancer monitoring both during and after treatment. This article summarizes the benefits of early cancer detection and examines use cases and methods of blood-based cancer detection in dogs, including quantitative, qualitative, and alternative approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andi Flory
- PetDx, 9310 Athena Circle, Suite 230, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Heather Wilson-Robles
- Volition Veterinary Diagnostics Development, LLC 1489 West Warm Springs Road Suite 110, Henderson, NV 89014, USA; Ethos Discovery, 10435 Sorrento Valley Road, San Diego, CA 92121, USA; The Oncology Service, United Veterinary Health, 6651 Backlick Road, Springfield, VA 22150, USA
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Khorami-Sarvestani S, Vanaki N, Shojaeian S, Zarnani K, Stensballe A, Jeddi-Tehrani M, Zarnani AH. Placenta: an old organ with new functions. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1385762. [PMID: 38707901 PMCID: PMC11066266 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1385762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The transition from oviparity to viviparity and the establishment of feto-maternal communications introduced the placenta as the major anatomical site to provide nutrients, gases, and hormones to the developing fetus. The placenta has endocrine functions, orchestrates maternal adaptations to pregnancy at different periods of pregnancy, and acts as a selective barrier to minimize exposure of developing fetus to xenobiotics, pathogens, and parasites. Despite the fact that this ancient organ is central for establishment of a normal pregnancy in eutherians, the placenta remains one of the least studied organs. The first step of pregnancy, embryo implantation, is finely regulated by the trophoectoderm, the precursor of all trophoblast cells. There is a bidirectional communication between placenta and endometrium leading to decidualization, a critical step for maintenance of pregnancy. There are three-direction interactions between the placenta, maternal immune cells, and the endometrium for adaptation of endometrial immune system to the allogeneic fetus. While 65% of all systemically expressed human proteins have been found in the placenta tissues, it expresses numerous placenta-specific proteins, whose expression are dramatically changed in gestational diseases and could serve as biomarkers for early detection of gestational diseases. Surprisingly, placentation and carcinogenesis exhibit numerous shared features in metabolism and cell behavior, proteins and molecular signatures, signaling pathways, and tissue microenvironment, which proposes the concept of "cancer as ectopic trophoblastic cells". By extensive researches in this novel field, a handful of cancer biomarkers has been discovered. This review paper, which has been inspired in part by our extensive experiences during the past couple of years, highlights new aspects of placental functions with emphasis on its immunomodulatory role in establishment of a successful pregnancy and on a potential link between placentation and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Khorami-Sarvestani
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Vanaki
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sorour Shojaeian
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Kayhan Zarnani
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Allan Stensballe
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Mahmood Jeddi-Tehrani
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir-Hassan Zarnani
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Mou X, Peng Z, Yin T, Sun X. Non-endoscopic Screening for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Recent Advances. J Gastrointest Cancer 2024; 55:118-128. [PMID: 37924487 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-023-00980-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common tumors in the gastrointestinal tract, and China has a high incidence area with a high burden on the disease. As early symptoms of ESCC are not obvious, the mortality rate is high, and it is often diagnosed in the intermediate and advanced stages. However, early screening and treatment may reduce morbidity and mortality. METHODS Screening methods are divided into endoscopic and non-endoscopic screening. RESULTS Endoscopic screening cannot be widely used because of its invasive nature and high cost. Currently, non-endoscopic screening consists primarily of tumor biomarkers and cytology, and tumor biomarkers including autoantibodies, circulating tumor cells, circulating tumor DNA, exosomes and serum metabolomics are more likely to be effective. But the efficiency of early diagnosis of esophageal cancer is low and the accuracy of screening needs to be improved. The aim of this study is to summarize advances in non-endoscopic esophageal cancer screening and strategies to provide a scientific basis and research idea for esophageal cancer prevention and control. CONCLUSIONS Non-endoscopic screening is better than endoscopic screening. And the application of tumor biomarkers is much better than other non-endoscopic screening methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Mou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zhenglin Peng
- College of Clinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Yin
- College of Clinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xingwang Sun
- College of Clinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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Li T, Wang P, Sun G, Zou Y, Cheng Y, Wang H, Lu Y, Shi J, Wang K, Zhang Q, Ye H. hccTAAb Atlas: An Integrated Knowledge Database for Tumor-Associated Autoantibodies in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:728-737. [PMID: 38156953 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Tumor-associated autoantibodies (TAAbs) have demonstrated potential as biomarkers for cancer detection. However, the understanding of their role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains limited. In this study, we aimed to systematically collect and standardize information about these TAAbs and establish a comprehensive database as a platform for in-depth research. A total of 170 TAAbs were identified from published papers retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase. Following normative reannotation, these TAAbs were referred to as 162 official symbols. The hccTAAb (tumor-associated autoantibodies in hepatocellular carcinoma) atlas was developed using the R Shiny framework and incorporating literature-based and multiomics data sets. This comprehensive online resource provides key information such as sensitivity, specificity, and additional details such as official symbols, official full names, UniProt, NCBI, HPA, neXtProt, and aliases through hyperlinks. Additionally, hccTAAb offers six analytical modules for visualizing expression profiles, survival analysis, immune infiltration, similarity analysis, DNA methylation, and DNA mutation analysis. Overall, the hccTAAb Atlas provides valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying TAAb and has the potential to enhance the diagnosis and treatment of HCC using autoantibodies. The hccTAAb Atlas is freely accessible at https://nscc.v.zzu.edu.cn/hccTAAb/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiandong Li
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Guiying Sun
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yuanlin Zou
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yifan Cheng
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Han Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yin Lu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Jianxiang Shi
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Keyan Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hua Ye
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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Zhang J, Hao W, Liu X, Meng Y, Liu J, Wu L, Zhang Y, Hu X, Fan Y, Qin X. Proteome microarray identifies autoantibody biomarkers for diagnosis of hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 554:117727. [PMID: 38123112 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has the highest mortality rate among malignant tumors worldwide. This study aimed to analyze the biological characteristics of serum proteins in hepatitis B (HBV)-related liver diseases, identify diagnostic biomarkers for HBV-infected HCC, and provide a scientific basis for its prevention and treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used HuProt arrays to identify candidate biomarkers for HBV-related liver diseases and verified the differential biomarkers by using an HCC-focused array. The biological characteristics of serum proteins were analyzed via bioinformatics. Serum biomarkers levels were validated by ELISA. RESULTS We identified 547 differentially expressed proteins from HBV-infected HCC in a screening cohort. After analyzing the biological characteristics of serum proteins, we identified 10 potential differential autoantibodies against tumor-associated antigens (TAAbs) and a candidate biomarker panel (APEX2, RCSD1, and TP53) for the diagnosis of HBV-associated HCC with 61.9% sensitivity and 81.7% specificity in an HCC-focused array validation cohort. Finally, the protein levels and diagnostic capability of the biomarker panel were confirmed in a large-sample validation cohort, and this panel was found to be superior to alpha-fetoprotein, the standard hallmark for the diagnosis of HCC. CONCLUSION The APEX2, RCSD1, and TP53 biomarker panels could be used for the diagnosis of HBV-associated HCC, providing a scientific basis for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Wudi Hao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Shandong University, No.11 Wuyingshan Middle Road, Tianqiao District, Jinan 250031, China
| | - Yuan Meng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Lina Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Xingwei Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yan Fan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Xiaosong Qin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China; Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China.
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Parks CG, Wilson LE, Capello M, Deane KD, Hanash SM. Tumor-Associated and Systemic Autoimmunity in Pre-Clinical Breast Cancer among Post-Menopausal Women. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1566. [PMID: 38002248 PMCID: PMC10669589 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoantibodies to tumor-associated antigens (anti-TAA) are potential biomarkers for breast cancer, but their relationship systemic autoimmunity as ascertained though antinuclear antibodies (ANA) is unknown and warrants consideration given the common occurrence of autoimmunity and autoimmune diseases among women. The relationship between anti-TAAs and ANA among women who were later diagnosed with breast cancer and others who remained cancer free in the Women's Health Initiative cohort. The study sample included 145 post-menopausal women with baseline ANA data. A total of 37 ANA-positive women who developed breast cancer (i.e., cases; mean time to diagnosis 6.8 years [SE 3.9]) were matched to a random sample of 36 ANA-negative cases by age and time to diagnosis. An age-matched control sample was selected including 35 ANA-positive and 37 ANA-negative women who did not develop breast cancer (i.e., controls; follow-up time ~13 years [SE 3]). Baseline sera were assessed for Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies, measured by custom microarray for 171 breast and other cancer-associated TAA. We used linear regression to estimate cross-sectional associations of ANA with log-transformed anti-TAA among cases and controls. Most anti-TAA did not vary by ANA status. Two anti-TAA were elevated in ANA-positive compared to ANA-negative cases: anti-PGM3 (p = 0.004) and anti-TTN (p = 0.005, especially in cases up to 7 years before diagnosis, p = 0.002). Anti-TAA antibodies were not generally related to ANA, a common marker of systemic autoimmunity. Associations of ANA with particular antigens inducing autoimmunity prior to breast cancer warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine G. Parks
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Lauren E. Wilson
- Center for Population Health, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Michela Capello
- Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (S.M.H.)
| | - Kevin D. Deane
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Samir M. Hanash
- Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA (S.M.H.)
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Chen Z, Xing J, Zheng C, Zhu Q, He P, Zhou D, Li X, Li Y, Qi S, Ouyang Q, Zhang B, Xie Y, Ren J, Cao B, Zhu S, Huang J. Identification of novel serum autoantibody biomarkers for early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia detection. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1161489. [PMID: 37251926 PMCID: PMC10213680 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1161489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Early diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is critical for effective treatment and optimal prognosis; however, less study on serum biomarkers for the early ESCC detection has been reported. The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate several serum autoantibody biomarkers in early ESCC. Methods We initially screened candidate tumor-associated autoantibodies (TAAbs) associated with ESCC by serological proteome analysis (SERPA) combined with nanoliter-liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time of flight tandem mass spectrometry (nano-LC-Q-TOF-MS/MS), and the TAAbs were further subjected to analysis by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in a clinical cohort (386 participants, including 161 patients with ESCC, 49 patients with high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia [HGIN] and 176 healthy controls [HC]). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to evaluate the diagnostic performance. Results The serum levels of CETN2 and POFUT1 autoantibodies which were identified by SERPA were statistically different between ESCC or HGIN patients and HC in ELISA analysis with the area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.709 (95%CI: 0.654-0.764) and 0.741 (95%CI: 0.689-0.793), 0.717 (95%CI: 0.634-0.800) and 0.703 (95%CI: 0.627-0.779) for detection of ESCC and HGIN, respectively. Combining these two markers, the AUCs were 0.781 (95%CI: 0.733-0.829), 0.754 (95%CI: 0.694-0.814) and 0.756 (95%CI: 0.686-0.827) when distinguishing ESCC, early ESCC and HGIN from HC, respectively. Meanwhile, the expression of CETN2 and POFUT1 was found to be correlated with ESCC progression. Conclusions Our data suggest that CETN2 and POFUT1 autoantibodies have potential diagnostic value for ESCC and HGIN, which may provide novel insights for early ESCC and precancerous lesions detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Chen
- Beijing Institute of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Xing
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Department of Gastroenterology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cuiling Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qianyu Zhu
- Beijing Institute of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Pingping He
- Beijing Institute of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Donghu Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojin Li
- Beijing Institute of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanmeng Li
- Beijing Institute of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Saiping Qi
- Beijing Institute of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Ouyang
- Beijing Institute of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yibin Xie
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiansong Ren
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bangwei Cao
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shengtao Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Department of Gastroenterology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Beijing Institute of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Haque S, Bhushan Raman R, Salam M. Role of Biomarkers in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Their Disease Progression. LIVER CANCER - GENESIS, PROGRESSION AND METASTASIS 2023. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.105856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the third leading and common lethal cancers worldwide. Early detection of tumorigenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma is through ultrasonography, computerized tomography (CT) scans, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans; however, these methods are not up to the mark, so a search for an efficient biomarker for early diagnosis and treatment of hepatocarcinogenesis is important. Proteomic and genomic approaches aid to develop new promising biomarkers for the diagnosis of HCC at the early stages. These biomarkers not only help in prognosis but also provide better therapeutic intervention against HCC. Among the different biomarker candidates, liquid biopsy [including circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA)] has recently emerged as a noninvasive detection technique for the characterization of circulating cells, providing a strong basis and early diagnosis for the individualized treatment of patients. This review provides the current understanding of HCC biomarkers that predict the risk of HCC recurrence.
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Zhu Q, He P, Zheng C, Chen Z, Qi S, Zhou D, Li Y, Ouyang Q, Zi H, Tang H, Xing J, Xie Y, Zhu S, Ren J, Huang J. Identification and evaluation of novel serum autoantibody biomarkers for early diagnosis of gastric cancer and precancerous lesion. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023:10.1007/s00432-023-04732-z. [PMID: 37079049 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04732-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Early diagnosis is crucial for optimal prognosis of gastric cancer (GC). Hereby, we aimed to identify novel serum autoantibody-based biomarkers for precancerous lesion (PL) and early GC. METHODS We performed serological proteome analysis (SERPA) combined with nanoliter-liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time of flight tandem mass spectrometry (Nano-LC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) to screen for GC-associated autoantibodies. The identified autoantibodies were analyzed for potential detection value for PL and GC by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves analysis was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of the biomarkers. RESULTS We identified seven candidates, such as mRNA export factor (RAE1), Nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1), phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1), and ADP-ribosylation factor 4 (ARF4). Antibodies against all seven proteins were present at higher levels in sera from 242 patients (51 PL, 78 early GC, 113 advanced GC) compared with sera from 122 healthy individuals. RAE1-specific autoantibody discriminated best between patients at different GC stages, with area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.710, 0.745, and 0.804 for PL, early GC, and advanced GC, respectively. Two predictive models composed of gender, RAE1, PGK1, NPM1, and ARF4 autoantibodies (Model 2 for PL) and of age, gender, RAE1, PGK1, and NPM1 autoantibodies (Model 3 for early GC) had improved diagnostic efficiencies, with AUCs of 0.803 and 0.857, sensitivities of 66.7% and 75.6%, and specificities of 78.7% and 87.7%, respectively. CONCLUSION The identified serum tumor-associated autoantibodies (TAAbs) may have good potential for early detection of GC and PL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyu Zhu
- Beijing Institute of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Pingping He
- Beijing Institute of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Cuiling Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Zhibin Chen
- Beijing Institute of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Saiping Qi
- Beijing Institute of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Donghu Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yanmeng Li
- Beijing Institute of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Qin Ouyang
- Beijing Institute of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Huaduan Zi
- Beijing Institute of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Hengcheng Tang
- Beijing Institute of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jie Xing
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yibin Xie
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Shengtao Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Jiansong Ren
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Jian Huang
- Beijing Institute of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Nipu MAI, Kundu S, Alam SS, Dina AN, Hasan MA, Khan M, Khalil MI, Hossan T, Islam MA. Anticardiolipin Antibodies in Patients with Cancer: A Case–Control Study. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15072087. [PMID: 37046748 PMCID: PMC10093391 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Antiphospholipid antibodies are highly prevalent in autoimmune diseases and mainly associated with thromboembolic events, which is one of the major reasons for cancer-related mortality. Confirmed adult cancer patients were included (n = 40) with an equal number of age- and sex-matched healthy controls. The presence and concentration of anticardiolipin antibodies were investigated by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using the venous blood samples. aCL antibodies were detected in 60.0% (n = 24) of the cancer patients compared to none in the healthy controls (p < 0.001). The serum concentration of aCL antibodies was significantly higher in cancer patients than controls (p < 0.001) and ranged from 89.0 U/mL to 133.0 U/mL among the aCL-positive patients. All the lung cancer patients (n = 6) were diagnosed with positive aCL, and a borderline significant association of aCL antibody positivity was observed in colon cancer patients (p = 0.051). About 72.7% of the advanced-stage cancer individuals and 81.8% of the cancer patients who underwent surgery were diagnosed with positive aCL antibodies. A significant association of aCL antibody positivity was observed with cancer patients comorbid with heart diseases (p = 0.005). The prevalence and serum levels of aCL antibodies were significantly higher in cancer patients compared to healthy controls. Cancer patients (i.e., lung, liver, and colon), at advanced-stage, comorbid with heart diseases, who underwent surgery, were more likely to be diagnosed with aCL antibodies.
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Huber J, Schönthaler S, Hofner M, Gillitschka Y, Soldo R, Milchram L, Vierlinger K, Nöhammer C, Weinhäusel A. Accessing Antibody Reactivities in Serum or Plasma to (Auto-)antigens Using Multiplexed Bead-Based Protein Immunoassays. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2628:413-438. [PMID: 36781800 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2978-9_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Antibody (AB) testing or serotesting for reactive ABs against antigenic proteins is broadly used. Parallel examination of many antigens is of high interest to identify autoantibodies (AAB) or differential antigenic reactivities in many biological settings like allergy and infectious autoimmune, cancerous, or systemic disease. The resulting AAB profiles can be used for diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of such conditions. Protein microarrays have been used for AB profiling over the past decade but show some significant limitations which make them unsuitable for clinical applications. Alternative multiplexing platforms such as bead arrays were shown to provide a versatile tool for the confirmation and efficient analysis of high numbers of biological samples. Luminex' bead-based xMAP technology combines advantages such as multiplexing and lower demand for sample volume and at the same time overcomes the challenges of microarrays. It works faster, shows better antigen stability, is more reproducible, and allows the analysis of up to 500 analytes in one sample well. In this chapter we introduce our established workflow for the use of the xMAP technology for AB profiling including an overview of the method principle and protocols for the covalent immobilization of proteins to the MagPlex beads, confirmation of protein coupling, the execution of a multiplexed bead-based protein immunoassay, and subsequent data handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Huber
- Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health and Bioresources, Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Silvia Schönthaler
- Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health and Bioresources, Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuela Hofner
- Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health and Bioresources, Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yasmin Gillitschka
- Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health and Bioresources, Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria
| | - Regina Soldo
- Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health and Bioresources, Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa Milchram
- Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health and Bioresources, Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klemens Vierlinger
- Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health and Bioresources, Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christa Nöhammer
- Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health and Bioresources, Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Weinhäusel
- Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Center for Health and Bioresources, Competence Unit Molecular Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria
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12
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Chen G, Zhang J, Fu Q, Taly V, Tan F. Integrative analysis of multi-omics data for liquid biopsy. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:505-518. [PMID: 36357703 PMCID: PMC9938261 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-02048-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The innovation of liquid biopsy holds great potential to revolutionise cancer management through early diagnosis and timely treatment of cancer. Integrative analysis of different tumour-derived omics data (such as genomics, epigenetics, fragmentomics, and proteomics) from body fluids for cancer detection and monitoring could outperform the analysis of single modality data alone. In this review, we focussed on the discussion of early cancer detection and molecular residual disease surveillance based on multi-omics data of blood. We summarised diverse types of tumour-derived components, current popular platforms for profiling cancer-associated signals, machine learning approaches for joint analysis of liquid biopsy data, as well as multi-omics-based early detection of cancers, molecular residual disease monitoring, and treatment response surveillance. We also discussed the challenges and future directions of multi-omics-based liquid biopsy. With the development of both experimental protocols and computational methods dedicated to liquid biopsy, the implementation of multi-omics strategies into the clinical workflow will likely benefit the clinical management of cancers including decision-making guidance and patient outcome improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng Chen
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200443, Shanghai, China.
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200443, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiaoting Fu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Clinical College, The Fifth Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, 200443, Shanghai, China
| | - Valerie Taly
- Université de Paris, UMR-S1138, CNRS SNC5096, Équipe labélisée Ligue Nationale contre le cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.
| | - Fei Tan
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200443, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Skin Disease Clinical College, The Fifth Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, 200443, Shanghai, China.
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13
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Cancer Is Associated with the Emergence of Placenta-Reactive Autoantibodies. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020316. [PMID: 36830854 PMCID: PMC9953527 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Placenta-specific antigens are minimally expressed or unexpressed in normal adult tissues, while they are widely expressed in cancer. In the course of carcinogenesis, a vast array of autoantibodies (AAbs) is produced. Here, we used a quantitative approach to determine the reactivity of AAbs in the sera of patients with breast (BrC: N = 100, 100% female, median age: 51 years), gastric (GC: N = 30, 46.6% female, median age: 57 years), bladder (BC: N = 29, 34.4% female, median age: 57 years), and colorectal (CRC: N = 34, 41.1% female, median age: 51 years) cancers against first-trimester (FTP) and full-term placental proteome (TP) in comparison with age- and sex-matched non-cancer individuals. Human-on-human immunohistochemistry was used to determine reactive target cells in FTP. The effect of pregnancy on the emergence of placenta-reactive autoantibodies was tested using sera from pregnant women at different trimesters of pregnancy. Except for BC, patients with BrC (p < 0.0284), GC (p < 0.0002), and CRC (p < 0.0007) had significantly higher levels of placenta-reactive AAbs. BrC (p < 0.0001) and BC (p < 0.0409) in the early stages triggered higher autoantibody reactivity against FTP. The reactivities of BrC sera with FTP did not show an association with ER, PR, or HER2 expression. Pregnancy in the third trimester was associated with the induction of TP- and not FTP-reactive autoantibodies (=0.018). The reactivity of BrC sera with placental proteins was found to be independent of gravidity or abortion. BrC sera showed a very strong and specific pattern of reactivity with scattered cells beneath the syncytiotrophoblast layer. Our results reinforce the concept of the coevolution of placentation and cancer and shed light on the future clinical application of the placental proteome for the non-invasive early detection and treatment of cancer.
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Antibody Profiling and In Silico Functional Analysis of Differentially Reactive Antibody Signatures of Glioblastomas and Meningiomas. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021411. [PMID: 36674927 PMCID: PMC9866115 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies on tumor-associated antigens in brain tumors are sparse. There is scope for enhancing our understanding of molecular pathology, in order to improve on existing forms, and discover new forms, of treatment, which could be particularly relevant to immuno-oncological strategies. To elucidate immunological differences, and to provide another level of biological information, we performed antibody profiling, based on a high-density protein array (containing 8173 human transcripts), using IgG isolated from the sera of n = 12 preoperative and n = 16 postoperative glioblastomas, n = 26 preoperative and n = 29 postoperative meningiomas, and n = 27 healthy, cancer-free controls. Differentially reactive antigens were compared to gene expression data from an alternate public GBM data set from OncoDB, and were analyzed using the Reactome pathway browser. Protein array analysis identified approximately 350-800 differentially reactive antigens, and revealed different antigen profiles in the glioblastomas and meningiomas, with approximately 20-30%-similar and 10-15%-similar antigens in preoperative and postoperative sera, respectively. Seroreactivity did not correlate with OncoDB-derived gene expression. Antigens in the preoperative glioblastoma sera were enriched for signaling pathways, such as signaling by Rho-GTPases, COPI-mediated anterograde transport and vesicle-mediated transport, while the infectious disease, SRP-dependent membrane targeting cotranslational proteins were enriched in the meningiomas. The pre-vs. postoperative seroreactivity in the glioblastomas was enriched for antigens, e.g., platelet degranulation and metabolism of lipid pathways; in the meningiomas, the antigens were enriched in infectious diseases, metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, and cell cycle. Antibody profiling in both tumor entities elucidated several hundred antigens and characteristic signaling pathways that may provide new insights into molecular pathology and may be of interest for the development of new treatment strategies.
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15
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Wang Y, Li J, Zhang X, Liu M, Ji L, Yang T, Wang K, Song C, Wang P, Ye H, Shi J, Dai L. Autoantibody signatures discovered by HuProt protein microarray to enhance the diagnosis of lung cancer. Clin Immunol 2023; 246:109206. [PMID: 36528251 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to discover novel autoantibodies against tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and establish diagnostic models for assisting in the diagnosis of lung cancer and discrimination of pulmonary nodules (PNs). Ten autoantibodies to TAAbs (TAAbs) were discovered by means of protein microarray and their serum level was also higher in 212 LC patients than that in 212 NC of validation cohort 1 (P < 0.05). The model 1 comprising 4 TAAbs and CEA reached an AUC of 0.813 (95%CI: 0.762-0.864) for diagnosing LC from normal individuals. Five TAAbs existed a significant difference between 105 malignant pulmonary nodules (MPNs) and 105 benign pulmonary nodules (BPNs) patients in validation cohort 2 (P < 0.05). Model 2 could distinguish MPNs from BPNs with an AUC of 0.845. High-throughput protein microarray is an efficient approach in discovering novel TAAbs which could be used as biomarkers in lung cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Wang
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Man Liu
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Longtao Ji
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; BGI College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; BGI College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Kaijuan Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Chunhua Song
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Hua Ye
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Jianxiang Shi
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Liping Dai
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; BGI College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China.
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16
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Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Peng L, Zhang L. Research Progress on the Predicting Factors and Coping Strategies for Postoperative Recurrence of Esophageal Cancer. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010114. [PMID: 36611908 PMCID: PMC9818463 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is one of the malignant tumors with poor prognosis in China. Currently, the treatment of esophageal cancer is still based on surgery, especially in early and mid-stage patients, to achieve the goal of radical cure. However, esophageal cancer is a kind of tumor with a high risk of recurrence and metastasis, and locoregional recurrence and distant metastasis are the leading causes of death after surgery. Although multimodal comprehensive treatment has advanced in recent years, the prediction, prevention and treatment of postoperative recurrence and metastasis of esophageal cancer are still unsatisfactory. How to reduce recurrence and metastasis in patients after surgery remains an urgent problem to be solved. Given the clinical demand for early detection of postoperative recurrence of esophageal cancer, clinical and basic research aiming to meet this demand has been a hot topic, and progress has been observed in recent years. Therefore, this article reviews the research progress on the factors that influence and predict postoperative recurrence of esophageal cancer, hoping to provide new research directions and treatment strategies for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lin Peng
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
- Correspondence:
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17
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Fang K, Long Q, Liao Z, Zhang C, Jiang Z. Glycoproteomics revealed novel N-glycosylation biomarkers for early diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma cancers. Clin Proteomics 2022; 19:43. [DOI: 10.1186/s12014-022-09376-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractCirculating biomarkers play important roles in diagnosis of malignant tumors. N-glycosylation is an important post-translation patter and obviously affect biological behaviors of malignant tumor cells. However, the role of N-glycosylation sites in early diagnosis of tumors still remains further investigation. In this study, plasma from 20 lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), which were all classified as stage I, as well as 20 normal controls (NL) were labeled and screened by mass spectrometry (MS). Total 39 differential N-glycosylation sites were detected in LUAD, 17 were up-regulated and 22 were down-regulated. In all differential sites, ITGB3-680 showed highest potential in LUAD which showed 99.2% AUC, 95.0% SP and 95.0% SN. Besides, APOB-1523 (AUC: 89.0%, SP: 95.0%, SN: 70.0%), APOB-2982 (AUC: 86.8%, SP: 95.0%, SN: 45.0%) and LPAL2-101 (AUC: 81.1%, SP: 95.0%, SN: 47.4%) also acted as candidate biomarkers in LUAD. Combination analysis was then performed by random forest model, all samples were divided into training group (16 cases) and testing group (4 cases) and conducted by feature selection, machine learning, integrated model of classifier and model evaluation. And the results indicated that combination of differential sites could reach 100% AUC in both training and testing group. Taken together, our study revealed multiple N-glycosylation sites which could be applied as candidate biomarkers for early diagnosis diagnosis of LUAD.
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18
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Okada R, Otsuka Y, Yokosuka O, Kato N, Imazaki F, Hoshino I, Sugiura N, Mizumoto H, Azemoto R, Kato K, Shimada H. Six autoantibodies as potential differential biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma vs. liver cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis: A prospective multi‑institutional study. Oncol Lett 2022; 24:367. [PMID: 36238856 PMCID: PMC9494420 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum autoantibodies respond not only to tumor-associated antigens of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) but also to those of liver cirrhosis (LC) and chronic hepatitis (CH). The present prospective multi-institutional study evaluated the diagnostic properties of six autoantibodies in distinguishing HCC from LC and CH. A total of 416 participants were enrolled: 149 With HCC, 76 with LC, 103 with CH and 88 healthy controls. Titers of serum autoantibodies to Sui1, RalA, p62, p53, c-myc and NY-ESO-1 were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. All six antibodies were positive for HCC: s-Sui1-Abs (44%), s-RalA-Abs (23%), s-p62-Abs (21%), s-p53-Abs (13%), s-c-myc-Abs (11%) and s-NY-ESO-1-Abs (6%). The positivity rates of all six antibodies combined were 5% for healthy controls, 52% for CH, 58% for LC and 66% for HCC. The positivity rates of s-Sui1-Abs, s-RalA-Abs and s-p53-Abs were higher for HCC compared with those of LC and CH. However, the positivity rates of s-p62-Abs, s-c-myc-Abs and s-NY-ESO-1-Abs for HCC were not higher compared with those for LC and CH. Overall, autoantibodies were useful in differentiating patients with HCC from healthy individuals. However, they were not specific to HCC and were also present in the sera of individuals with CH and LC. These autoantibodies may be induced during the development of HCC. Clinical trial registration number: UMIN000014530 (date of registration 2011/07/11).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rei Okada
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo 143‑8541, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Otsuka
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo 143‑8541, Japan
| | - Osamu Yokosuka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba‑shi, Chiba 260‑8677, Japan
| | - Naoya Kato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba‑shi, Chiba 260‑8677, Japan
| | - Fumio Imazaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba‑shi, Chiba 260‑8677, Japan
| | - Isamu Hoshino
- Department of Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba‑shi, Chiba 260‑8717, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Sugiura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Chiba Hospital, Chiba‑shi, Chiba 260‑8710, Japan
| | - Hideaki Mizumoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Funabashi Municipal Medical Center, Funabashi, Chiba 273‑8588, Japan
| | - Ryousaku Azemoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kimitsu Chuo Hospital, Kimitsu, Chiba 292‑8535, Japan
| | - Kazuki Kato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Funabashi Central Hospital, Funabashi, Chiba 273‑8556, Japan
| | - Hideaki Shimada
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo 143‑8541, Japan
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Hu L, Liu J, Shimada H, Ito M, Sugimoto K, Hiwasa T, Zhou Q, Li J, Shen S, Wang H. Serum Anti-BRAT1 is a Common Molecular Biomarker for Gastrointestinal Cancers and Atherosclerosis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:870086. [PMID: 35656505 PMCID: PMC9152111 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.870086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) and cancers are major global causes of mortality and morbidity. They also share common modifiable pathogenesis risk factors. As the same strategies used to predict AS could also detect certain cancers, we sought novel serum antibody biomarkers of cancers in atherosclerotic sera sampled by liquid biopsy. Using serological antigen identification by cDNA expression cloning (SEREX) and western blot, we screened and detected the antigens BRCA1-Associated ATM Activator 1 (BRAT1) and WD Repeat Domain 1 (WDR1) in the sera of patients with transient ischemic attacks (TIA). Amplified luminescence proximity homogeneous assay-linked immunosorbent assay (AlphaLISA) established the upregulation of serum BRAT1 antibody (BRAT1-Abs) and WDR1 antibody (WDR1-Abs) in patients with AS-related diseases compared with healthy subjects. ROC and Spearman’s correlation analyses showed that BRAT1-Abs and WDR1-Abs could detect AS-related diseases. Thus, serum BRAT1-Abs and WDR1-Abs are potential AS biomarkers. We used online databases and AlphaLISA detection to compare relative antigen and serum antibody expression and found high BRAT1 and BRAT1-Abs expression in patients with GI cancers. Significant increases (> 0.6) in the AUC for BRAT1-Ab vs. esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), gastric cancer, and colorectal cancer suggested that BRAT1-Ab exhibited better predictive potential for GI cancers than WDR1-Ab. There was no significant difference in overall survival (OS) between BRAT1-Ab groups (P = 0.12). Nevertheless, a log-rank test disclosed that the highest serum BRAT1-Ab levels were associated with poor ESCC prognosis at 5–60 weeks post-surgery. We validated the foregoing conclusions by comparing serum BRAT1-Ab and WDR1-Ab levels based on the clinicopathological characteristics of the patients with ESCC. Multiple statistical approaches established a correlation between serum BRAT1-Ab levels and platelet counts. BRAT1-Ab upregulation may enable early detection of AS and GI cancers and facilitate the delay of disease progression. Thus, BRAT1-Ab is a potential antibody biomarker for the diagnosis of AS and GI cancers and strongly supports the routine clinical application of liquid biopsy in chronic disease detection and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liubing Hu
- Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiyue Liu
- Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hideaki Shimada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery and Clinical Oncology, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaaki Ito
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery and Clinical Oncology, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Sugimoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Takaki Hiwasa
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Qinghua Zhou
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianshuang Li
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si Shen
- Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Cerium oxide-doped PEDOT nanocomposite for label-free electrochemical immunosensing of anti-p53 autoantibodies. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:228. [PMID: 35610491 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05322-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A label-free nanoimmunosensor is reported based on p53/CeO2/PEDOT nanobiocomposite-decorated screen-printed gold electrodes (SPAuE) for the electrochemical detection of anti-p53 autoantibodies. CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized and stabilized with cyanopropyltriethoxysilane by a soft chemistry method. The nanoimmunosensing architecture was prepared by in situ electropolymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) on SPAuE in the presence of CeO2 NPs. The CeO2 NPs and Ce/PEDOT/SPAuE were characterized by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Ce/PEDOT/SPAuE was biofunctionalized with p53 antigen by covalent bonding for the label-free determination of anti-p53 autoantibodies by differential pulse voltammetry. The nanobiocomposite-based nanoimmunosensor detected anti-p53 autoantibodies in a linear range from 10 to 1000 pg mL-1, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 3.2 pg mL-1. The nanoimmunosensor offered high specificity, selectivity, and long-term storage stability with great potential to detect anti-p53 autoantibodies in serum samples. Overall, incorporating organo-functional nanoparticles into polymeric matrices can provide a simple-to-assemble, rapid, and ultrasensitive approach for on-site screening of anti-p53 autoantibodies and other disease-related biomarkers with low sample volumes.
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21
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Zeneyedpour L, Stingl C, Kros JM, Sillevis Smitt PAE, Luider TM. Novel Antibody-Peptide Binding Assay Indicates Presence of Immunoglobulins against EGFR Phospho-Site S1166 in High-Grade Glioma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5061. [PMID: 35563452 PMCID: PMC9100080 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the feasibility of detecting the presence of specific autoantibodies against potential tumor-associated peptide antigens by enriching these antibody-peptide complexes using Melon Gel resin and mass spectrometry. Our goal was to find tumor-associated phospho-sites that trigger immunoreactions and raise autoantibodies that are detectable in plasma of glioma patients. Such immunoglobulins can potentially be used as targets in immunotherapy. To that aim, we describe a method to detect the presence of antibodies in biological samples that are specific to selected clinically relevant peptides. The method is based on the formation of antibody-peptide complexes by mixing patient plasma with a glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) derived peptide library, enrichment of antibodies and antibody-peptide complexes, the separation of peptides after they are released from immunoglobulins by molecular weight filtration and finally mass spectrometric quantification of these peptides. As proof of concept, we successfully applied the method to dinitrophenyl (DNP)-labeled α-casein peptides mixed with anti-DNP. Further, we incubated human plasma with a phospho-peptide library and conducted targeted analysis on EGFR and GFAP phospho-peptides. As a result, immunoaffinity against phospho-peptide GSHQIS[+80]LDNPDYQQDFFPK (EGFR phospho-site S1166) was detected in high-grade glioma (HGG) patient plasma but not in healthy donor plasma. For the GFAP phospho-sites selected, such immunoaffinity was not observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lona Zeneyedpour
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (L.Z.); (C.S.); (P.A.E.S.S.)
| | - Christoph Stingl
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (L.Z.); (C.S.); (P.A.E.S.S.)
| | - Johan M. Kros
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | | | - Theo M. Luider
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (L.Z.); (C.S.); (P.A.E.S.S.)
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22
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Yu R, Yang S, Liu Y, Zhu Z. Identification and validation of serum autoantibodies in children with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia by serological proteome analysis. Proteome Sci 2022; 20:3. [PMID: 35109855 PMCID: PMC8808998 DOI: 10.1186/s12953-021-00184-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is the most common malignancy of childhood. Even though significant progresses have been made in the treatment of B-ALL, some pediatric B-ALL have still poor prognosis. The identification of tumor autoantibodies may have utility in early cancer diagnosis and immunotherapy. In this study, we used serological proteome analysis (SERPA) to screen serum autoantibodies of pediatric B-ALL, aiming to contribute to the early detection of B-ALL in children. Methods The total proteins from three pooled B-ALL cell lines (NALM-6, REH and BALL-1 cells) were separated using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), which was followed by Western blot by mixed serum samples from children with B-ALL (n=20) or healthy controls (n=20). We analyzed the images of 2-D gel and Western blot by PDQuest software, and then identified the spots of immune responses in B-ALL samples compared with those in control samples. The proteins from spots were identified using mass spectrometry (MS). The autoantibodies against alpha-enolase (α-enolase) and voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 (VDAC1) were further validated in sera from another 30 children with B-ALL and 25 normal individuals by the use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The protein expression levels of the candidate antigens α-enolase and VDAC1 in B-ALL were thoroughly studied by immunohistochemical analysis. Results Utilizing the SERPA approach, α-enolase and VDAC1 were identified as candidate autoantigens in children with B-ALL. The frequencies of autoantibodies against α-enolase and VDAC1 in children with B-ALL were 27% and 23% by using ELISA analysis, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in normal controls (4% and 0, p<0.05). Immunohistochemical analysis showed the expression of α-enolase and VDAC1 was positive in 95% and 85% of B-ALL patients, respectively, but negative expression levels were showed in the control group. Conclusions This study incidated that α-enolase and VDAC1 may be the autoantigens associated with B-ALL. Therefore, α-enolase and VDAC1 autoantibodies may be the potential serological markers for children with B-ALL. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12953-021-00184-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runhong Yu
- Institute of Hematology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, 7 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China.,Henan Key laboratory of Stem Cell Differentiation and Modification, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shiwei Yang
- Institute of Hematology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, 7 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China.,Henan Key laboratory of Stem Cell Differentiation and Modification, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yufeng Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Zunmin Zhu
- Institute of Hematology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, 7 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China. .,Henan Key laboratory of Stem Cell Differentiation and Modification, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China. .,Department of Hematology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou, China.
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Abstract
Antibodies against autologous tumor-associated antigens have been demonstrated as being useful biomarkers for early cancer diagnosis and prognosis. They have several advantages such as long half-life (7-30 days depending on subtiter of Ig), inherent stability in patients' blood due to not being subjected to proteolysis, well-studied biochemical properties, and their easy detections via secondary antibodies or antigens. Moreover, they can be easily screened in the serum using a noninvasive approach. Consequently, many technical approaches have been developed to study autoantibodies. We used serological proteome analysis (SERPA) for analyzing antibodies in pancreatic cancer patients' sera, and the technique will be discussed in detail. SERPA has several advantages over other approaches currently used such as SEREX (serological analysis of tumor antigens by recombinant cDNA expression cloning) and phage display. SEREX involves the construction of a lambda phage cDNA library from tumor samples to infect bacteria. While library construction is a quite laborious and time-consuming procedure in SEREX, detection of posttranslational modifications that could be fundamental for antibody recognition is a major limitation of both SEREX and phage display techniques. SERPA avoids the time-consuming construction of cDNA libraries. In addition, since it does not rely on bacterial expression of antigens, antigens will have their usual posttranslational modifications preventing false-positive or -negative results in autoantibody profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Cappello
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), Turin University Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Sara Bulfamante
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Healthy Sciences, Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgia Mandili
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), Turin University Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Novelli
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), Turin University Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
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24
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Therapeutic Potential of Cucumis melo (L.) Fruit Extract and Its Silver Nanopartciles Against DEN-Induced Hepatocellular Cancer in Rats. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 194:368-381. [PMID: 34792748 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03765-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Biosynthesized silver nanoparticles have a wide range of biological activities and using nanoparticles as one of the novel approaches in cancer therapy. In this present research work, the anti-cancer efficacy of Cucumis melo fruit extract and its silver nanoparticles was explored. Wistar rats were divided into six groups and hepatic cancer was induced with 0.01% DEN (diethylnitrosamine) through drinking water for 16 weeks. Cyclophosphamide was given as the standard drug at the dose of 50 mg/kg body weight. Hematological parameters showed a decrease in the levels of hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cells (RBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular Hb (MCH), mean corpuscular Hb concentration (MCHC), and platelets (PLTS) levels except white blood cell (WBC) in DEN-induced cancer animals. Significant alterations in the hematological parameters were observed after treatment which indicate the protective effect of Cucumis melo fruit on the hemopoietic system. The structural integrity of the cells has been damaged in cancer-induced animals, and this results in cytoplasmic leakage of enzyme into the blood stream, leads to the elevated levels of these enzymes in blood with subsequent fall in the tissues. Hence, the levels of liver function markers such as AST ALT, ALP, LDH, GGT, and 5'NT were significantly elevated in serum and the liver of cancer-induced rats. The levels of serum tumor markers, viz., alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), elevated in rats induced with DEN, which then were reduced following Cucumis melo fruit treatment, indicating the anti-cancer activity of the drug. Histological evaluation of the liver and kidney was also performed to authenticate the present work. Treatment with crude extract and silver nanoparticles of Cucumis melo fruit indicates that Cucumis melo fruit could have exerted its protective effect.
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25
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Lázár J, Kovács A, Tornyi I, Takács L, Kurucz I. Detection of leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1-containing immunocomplexes in the plasma of lung cancer patients with epitope-specific mAbs. Cancer Biomark 2021; 34:113-122. [PMID: 34744074 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-210164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. With the expectation of improved survival, tremendous efforts and resources have been invested in the discovery of specific biomarkers for early detection of the disease. Several investigators have reported the presence of cancer-associated autoantibodies in the plasma or serum of lung cancer patients. Previously, we used a monoclonal-antibody proteomics technology platform for the discovery of novel lung cancer-associated proteins. OBJECTIVE The identification of specific protein epitopes associated with various cancers is a promising method in biomarker discovery. Here, in a preliminary study, we aimed to detect autoantibody-leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) immunocomplexes using epitope-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). METHODS We performed sandwich ELISA assays using the LRG1 epitope-specific capture mAbs, Bsi0352 and Bsi0392, and an IgG-specific polyclonal antibody coupled to a reporter system as the detection reagent. We tested the plasma of lung-cancer patients and apparently healthy controls. RESULTS Depending on the epitope specificity of the capture monoclonal mAb, we were either unable to distinguish the control from LC-groups or showed a higher level of LRG1 and IgG autoantibody containing immunocomplexes in the plasma of non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer subgroups of lung cancer patients than in the plasma of control subjects. CONCLUSIONS Our findings underline the importance of protein epitope-specific antibody targeted approaches in biomarker research, as this may increase the accuracy of previously described tests, which will need further validation in large clinical cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- József Lázár
- Biosystems International Kft., Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | - Ilona Tornyi
- Biosystems International Kft., Debrecen, Hungary.,Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Takács
- Biosystems International Kft., Debrecen, Hungary.,Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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26
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Integration of IgG and IgA autoantibodies for early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 523:423-429. [PMID: 34728178 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoantibodes against tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) have been recommended for the early diagnosis of malignancies. In this study, we intend to comprehensively evaluate the performances of four autoantibodies including anti-p53, CTAG1A, TIF1γ-IgG and anti-TIF1γ-IgA for the early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and then determine an optimal panel of autoantibodies for early HCC diagnosis. METHODS The performances of four autoantibodies were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the early diagnosis of HCC with 380 retrospective serum samples. A training set comprised of 92 patients with early HCC, 72 patients with hepatic benign lesions (HBL), and 86 healthy controls (HC) was used to develop the predictive model for early HCC. And then, data obtained from an independent validation set was applied to evaluate and validate the predictive model to distinguish the early HCC from the controls (HBL + HC). RESULTS The results of the training set showed the levels and positive rates of four autoantibodies in early HCC group were significantly higher than that in HBL group/HC group (P < 0.01), of which anti-p53-IgG exhibited the highest AUC of 0.679, with 33.7% sensitivity at 93.7% specificity; the panel comprised of four autoantibodies showed the highest AUC for the patients with early HCC, up to 0.814 (95%CI 0.760-0.860), with 72.8% sensitivity at 84.2% specificity among all possible combinations of four autoantibodies. Additionally, this four-autoantibody panel showed the AUC of 0.824, 70.8% sensitivity at 84.2% specificity in the validation set. CONCLUSIONS Serum IgG autoantibodies against p53, CTAG1A and TIF1γ, and IgA autoantibody against TIF1γ present the diagnostic value for early HCC, of which anti-p53-IgG is a preferable biomarker. The panel comprised of four autoantibodies might contribute to early HCC diagnosis.
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Xiao K, Ma X, Wang Y, Zhu C, Guo L, Lu R. Diagnostic value of serum tumor-associated autoantibodies in esophageal cancer. Biomark Med 2021; 15:1333-1343. [PMID: 34541870 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2021-0351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To explore the application value of serum autoantibodies in the early diagnosis of esophageal cancer. Materials & methods: A total of 130 patients with esophageal cancer and 110 controls were included and tested by ELISA. Results: According to the receiver operating characteristic curve, total sensitivity is 83.08%, total specificity is 72.73%. A nomogram was established based on the positive judgment standard, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was calculated to be 0.880 after verification with the calibration curve. A 2-week follow-up analysis found compared with the preoperative control, the postoperative model integral value will significantly decrease. Conclusion: The combination of serum autoantibody groups has certain clinical application value in the early diagnosis of esophageal cancer and can be used as an auxiliary index for early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangjia Xiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaolu Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yanchun Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Cheng Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Renquan Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
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Sena P, Mancini S, Bertacchini J, Carnevale G, Pedroni M, Roncucci L. Autoimmunity Profiles as Prognostic Indicators in Patients with Colorectal Cancer versus Those with Cancer at Other Sites: A Prospective Study. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133239. [PMID: 34209517 PMCID: PMC8269181 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The clinical utility of tumor-associated autoantibodies (TAABs) detected in patient sera with different types of cancer has not yet been established. Their possible use in early cancer detection, oncological follow-up, and patient prognosis is highly desirable. We developed a prospective study to investigate the role of TAABs in a five-year survival analysis in different types of cancer patients. Overall, overproduction of TAABs is associated with advanced oncological disease, the presence of metastasis, and poorer prognosis of cancer patients. There is evidence that more intensive follow-up programs provide different results for colorectal cancer than other cancers, because more intensive follow-up improves survival and is cost-effective in colorectal cancer. It is necessary to emphasize that there are many important aspects of follow-up in addition to detection of recurrence, and this must lead to proposals to change the way follow-up care is delivered. Abstract Colorectal cancer represents a paradigmatic model of inflammatory carcinogenesis accompanied by the production of several kinds of tumor-associated autoantibodies (TAABs). The specific aim of this study is to define the clinical impact of the presence of non-specific circulating TAABs in a cohort of cancer patients and to establish whether significant differences were present between colorectal cancer and cancers at other sites. For this aim a prospective study was developed and a five-year survival analysis performed. Indirect immunofluorescence on rat tissues for non-organ specific autoantibodies (NOSAs: liver-kidney-stomach), on rat colon substrates (colon-related autoantibodies, CAAs) and on HEp-2 cell lines was performed. NOSA positivity was more frequent in patients with colorectal cancer than in those with cancer at other sites. Survival analysis demonstrated a significantly worse prognosis in cancer patients positive for TAABs. CAA positivity is a predictor of survival, independently from the presence of comorbidities, and HEp-2 reactivity was a strong predictor of survival in a stepwise Cox-regression model, including stage at diagnosis. Overall overproduction of TAABs is associated with advanced oncological disease, the presence of metastasis, and poorer prognosis of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Sena
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124 Modena, Italy; (P.S.); (J.B.); (G.C.)
| | - Stefano Mancini
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation, Santa Maria Bianca Hospital, AUSL Modena, Via A. Fogazzaro 6, 41037 Mirandola, Italy;
| | - Jessika Bertacchini
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124 Modena, Italy; (P.S.); (J.B.); (G.C.)
| | - Gianluca Carnevale
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124 Modena, Italy; (P.S.); (J.B.); (G.C.)
| | - Monica Pedroni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124 Modena, Italy;
| | - Luca Roncucci
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124 Modena, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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Ouyang R, Wu S, Zhang B, Wang T, Yin B, Huang J, Wei W, Huang M, Zhang M, Wang Y, Wang F, Hou H. Clinical value of tumor-associated antigens and autoantibody panel combination detection in the early diagnostic of lung cancer. Cancer Biomark 2021; 32:401-409. [PMID: 34151844 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-210099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the efficiency of combining tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and autoantibodies in the diagnosis of lung cancer. METHODS The serum levels of TAAs and seven autoantibodies (7-AABs) were detected from patients with lung cancer, benign lung disease and healthy controls. The performance of a new panel by combing TAAs and 7-AABs was evaluated for the early diagnosis of lung cancer. RESULTS The positive rate of 7-AABs was higher than the single detection of antibody. The positive rate of the combined detection of 7-AABs in lung cancer group (30.2%) was significantly higher than that of healthy controls (16.8%), but had no statistical difference compared with that of benign lung disease group (20.8%). The positive rate of 7-AABs showed a tendency to increase in lung cancer patients with higher tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stages. For the pathological subtype analysis, the positive rate of 7-AABs was higher in patients with squamous cell carcinoma and small cell lung cancer than that of adenocarcinoma. The levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cytokeratin 19 fragment 211 (CYFRA 211) were significantly higher than that of benign lung disease and healthy control groups. An optimal model was established (including 7-AABs, CEA and CYFRA21-1) to distinguish lung cancer from control groups. The performance of this model was superior than that of single markers, with a sensitivity of 52.26% and specificity of 77.46% in the training group. Further assessment was studied in another validation group, with a sensitivity of 44.02% and specificity of 83%. CONCLUSIONS The diagnostic performance was enhanced by combining 7-AABs, CEA and CYFRA21-1, which has critical value for the screening and early detection of lung cancer.
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30
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Zheng Q, Zhang L, Tu M, Yin X, Cai L, Zhang S, Yu L, Pan X, Huang Y. Development of a panel of autoantibody against NSG1 with CEA, CYFRA21-1, and SCC-Ag for the diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 520:126-132. [PMID: 34119530 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Development of a panel of serum autoantibody against Neuron specific gene family member 1 (NSG1) with traditional tumor biomarkers of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) to further improve the diagnostic efficiency for ESCC patients. METHODS Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was used to detect the expression of NSG1 protein in 40 pairs of ESCC tissues and matched paracancerous tissues. Serum anti-NSG1 levels of 203 patients with early ESCC, 103 patients with advanced ESCC, 135 patients with esophageal benign lesion (EBL), and 155 healthy controls (HCs) were detected by ELISA. The diagnostic performances of all possible combinations of serum anti-NSG1with CEA, CYFRA21-1 and SCC-Ag were assessed to develop an optimal panel for ESCC diagnosis. RESULTS NSG1 protein expression in ESCC tissues was significantly higher than that in matched paracancerous tissues (p < 0.001). Serum anti-NSG1 expression in ESCC group was significantly higher than that in EBL group and HC group (p < 0.001). The AUC of serum anti-NSG1 for ESCC was 0.706, with 49.7% sensitivity at 93.5% specificity, superior to that of CEA, CYFRA21-1 and SCC-Ag. Of all possible combinations, serum anti-NSG1 combined with CEA, CYFRA21-1 and SCC-Ag showed the highest AUC of 0.758 and 67.3% sensitivity at 88.3% specificity for ESCC, with the highest NPV of 71.9% and the lowest NLR of 0.37. CONCLUSION Aberrant NSG1 protein expression in ESCC tissues might be responsible for massive releases of autoantibody anginst NSG1 in sera of ESCC. A panel of anti-NSG1 with CEA, CYFRA21-1 and SCC-Ag contributes to further improving the diagnostic efficiency for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhu Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Liangming Zhang
- Provincial Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China
| | - Mingshu Tu
- Provincial Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China; Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine College, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, China
| | - Liqing Cai
- Provincial Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China
| | - Songgao Zhang
- Provincial Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China
| | - Lili Yu
- Provincial Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China
| | - Xiaojie Pan
- Provincial Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Provincial Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China; Central laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China; Center for Experimental Research in Clinical Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China
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31
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Tracking the Antibody Immunome in Sporadic Colorectal Cancer by Using Antigen Self-Assembled Protein Arrays. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112718. [PMID: 34072782 PMCID: PMC8198956 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Immunome in Sporadic Colorectal Cancer as source for biomarkers. Hence, a self-assembled protein array has been designed and developed to perform a serum screening to determined specific immune response against tumor antigens proteins as potential diagnostics biomarker panel. Abstract Sporadic Colorectal Cancer (sCRC) is the third leading cause of cancer death in the Western world, and the sCRC patients presenting with synchronic metastasis have the poorest prognosis. Genetic alterations accumulated in sCRC tumor cells translate into mutated proteins and/or abnormal protein expression levels, which contribute to the development of sCRC. Then, the tumor-associated proteins (TAAs) might induce the production of auto-antibodies (aAb) via humoral immune response. Here, Nucleic Acid Programmable Protein Arrays (NAPPArray) are employed to identify aAb in plasma samples from a set of 50 sCRC patients compared to seven healthy donors. Our goal was to establish a systematic workflow based on NAPPArray to define differential aAb profiles between healthy individuals and sCRC patients as well as between non-metastatic (n = 38) and metastatic (n = 12) sCRC, in order to gain insight into the role of the humoral immune system in controlling the development and progression of sCRC. Our results showed aAb profile based on 141 TAA including TAAs associated with biological cellular processes altered in genesis and progress of sCRC (e.g., FSCN1, VTI2 and RPS28) that discriminated healthy donors vs. sCRC patients. In addition, the potential capacity of discrimination (between non-metastatic vs. metastatic sCRC) of 7 TAAs (USP5, ML4, MARCKSL1, CKMT1B, HMOX2, VTI2, TP53) have been analyzed individually in an independent cohort of sCRC patients, where two of them (VTI2 and TP53) were validated (AUC ~75%). In turn, these findings provided novel insights into the immunome of sCRC, in combination with transcriptomics profiles and protein antigenicity characterizations, wich might lead to the identification of novel sCRC biomarkers that might be of clinical utility for early diagnosis of the tumor. These results explore the immunomic analysis as potent source for biomarkers with diagnostic and prognostic value in CRC. Additional prospective studies in larger series of patients are required to confirm the clinical utility of these novel sCRC immunomic biomarkers.
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Cui C, Duan Y, Qiu C, Wang P, Sun G, Ye H, Dai L, Han Z, Song C, Wang K, Shi J, Zhang J. Identification of Novel Autoantibodies Based on the Human Proteomic Chips and Evaluation of Their Performance in the Detection of Gastric Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:637871. [PMID: 33718231 PMCID: PMC7953047 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.637871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoantibodies against tumor-associated antigens (TAAbs) can be used as potential biomarkers in the detection of cancer. Our study aims to identify novel TAAbs for gastric cancer (GC) based on human proteomic chips and construct a diagnostic model to distinguish GC from healthy controls (HCs) based on serum TAAbs. The human proteomic chips were used to screen the candidate TAAbs. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to verify and validate the titer of the candidate TAAbs in the verification cohort (80 GC cases and 80 HCs) and validation cohort (192 GC cases, 128 benign gastric disease cases, and 192 HCs), respectively. Then, the diagnostic model was established by Logistic regression analysis based on OD values of candidate autoantibodies with diagnostic value. Eleven candidate TAAbs were identified, including autoantibodies against INPP5A, F8, NRAS, MFGE8, PTP4A1, RRAS2, RGS4, RHOG, SRARP, RAC1, and TMEM243 by proteomic chips. The titer of autoantibodies against INPP5A, F8, NRAS, MFGE8, PTP4A1, and RRAS2 were significantly higher in GC cases while the titer of autoantibodies against RGS4, RHOG, SRARP, RAC1, and TMEM243 showed no difference in the verification group. Next, six potential TAAbs were validated in the validation cohort. The titer of autoantibodies against F8, NRAS, MFGE8, RRAS2, and PTP4A1 was significantly higher in GC cases. Finally, an optimal prediction model with four TAAbs (anti-NRAS, anti-MFGE8, anti-PTP4A1, and anti-RRAS2) showed an optimal diagnostic performance of GC with AUC of 0.87 in the training group and 0.83 in the testing group. The proteomic chip approach is a feasible method to identify TAAbs for the detection of cancer. Moreover, the panel consisting of anti-NRAS, anti-MFGE8, anti-PTP4A1, and anti-RRAS2 may be useful to distinguish GC cases from HCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Cui
- BGI College & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yaru Duan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cuipeng Qiu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guiying Sun
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hua Ye
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liping Dai
- BGI College & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhuo Han
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chunhua Song
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kaijuan Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianxiang Shi
- BGI College & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianying Zhang
- BGI College & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Wang Y, Wang P, Liu M, Zhang X, Si Q, Yang T, Ye H, Song C, Shi J, Wang K, Wang X, Zhang J, Dai L. Identification of tumor-associated antigens of lung cancer: SEREX combined with bioinformatics analysis. J Immunol Methods 2021; 492:112991. [PMID: 33587914 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2021.112991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to identify novel tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) of lung cancer by using serological analysis of recombinant cDNA expression library (SEREX) and bioinformatics analysis as well as to explore their humoral immune response. SEREX and pathway enrichment analysis were used to immunoscreen TAAs of lung cancer and elaborate their function in biological pathways, respectively. Subsequently, the sera level of autoantibodies against the selected TAAs (TOP2A, TRIM37, HSP90AB1, EEF1G and TPP1) was detected by immunoserological analysis to explore the immune response of these antigens. The Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database were applied to explore the mRNA and protein expression level of TOP2A, TRIM37 and HSP90AB1 in tissues, respectively. Seventy positive clones were identified by SEREX which contain 63 different genes, and 35 genes of them have been reported. These 35 genes were mainly related to regulation of different transcription factor and performed enrichment in legionellosis, RNA transport, IL-17 signaling pathway via enrichment analysis. Additionally, the positive rate of autoantibodies against TOP2A, TRIM37 and HSP90AB1 in lung cancer patients were typically higher than normal control (NC; P < 0.05). Moreover, the combination of the autoantibodies against TOP2A, TRIM37 and HSP90AB1 possessed an excellent diagnostic performance with sensitivity of 84% and specificity of 60%. The mRNA expression level of TOP2A was obviously unregulated in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) tissues and adenocarcinoma (ADC) tissues compared to normal tissues (P < 0.05). In addition, TRIM37 and HSP90AB1 also showed a significant difference between SCC and NC at the mRNA expression level (P < 0.05). This study combining comprehensive autoantibody and gene expression assays has added to the growing list of lung cancer antigens, which may aid the development of diagnostic and immunotherapeutic targets for lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics in School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Man Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Qiufang Si
- BGI, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Ting Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; BGI, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Hua Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics in School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Chunhua Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics in School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Jianxiang Shi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; BGI, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Kaijuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics in School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Jianying Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics in School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Liping Dai
- School of Basic Medical Sciences & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; BGI, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology & State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China.
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Yang SH, Liu CT, Hong CQ, Huang ZY, Wang HZ, Wei LF, Lin YW, Guo HP, Peng YH, Xu YW. Autoantibodies against p53, MMP-7, and Hsp70 as Potential Biomarkers for Detection of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers. DISEASE MARKERS 2021; 2021:5592693. [PMID: 34336006 PMCID: PMC8289574 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5592693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are two predominant histological types of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC), lacking effective early diagnostic markers. In this study, we assessed the diagnostic value of autoantibodies against p53, MMP-7, and Hsp70 in skin SCC and BCC. ELISA was performed to detect levels of autoantibodies in sera from 101 NMSC patients and 102 normal controls, who were recruited from the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College. A receiver operator characteristic curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value. The serum levels of autoantibodies against p53, MMP-7, and Hsp70 were higher in NMSCs than those in the normal controls (all P < 0.01). The AUC of the three-autoantibody panel was 0.841 (95% CI: 0.788-0.894) with the sensitivity and specificity of 60.40% and 91.20% when differentiating NMSCs from normal controls. Furthermore, measurement of this panel could differentiate early-stage skin cancer patients from normal controls (AUC: 0.851; 95% CI: 0.793-0.908). Data from Oncomine showed that the level of p53 mRNA was elevated in BCC (P < 0.05), and the Hsp70 mRNA was upregulated in SCC (P < 0.001). This serum three-autoantibody panel might function in assisting the early diagnosis of NMSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Han Yang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 114 Waima Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Can-Tong Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Chao-Qun Hong
- Department of Oncological Laboratory Research, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Ze-Yuan Huang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 114 Waima Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Huan-Zhu Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 114 Waima Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Lai-Feng Wei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Yi-Wei Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Hai-Peng Guo
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Yu-Hui Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou 515041, China
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Yi-Wei Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, China
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou 515041, China
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou 515041, China
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Hong CQ, Weng XF, Huang XC, Chu LY, Wei LF, Lin YW, Chen LY, Liu CT, Xu YW, Peng YH. A Panel of Tumor-associated Autoantibodies for the Detection of Early-stage Breast Cancer. J Cancer 2021; 12:2747-2755. [PMID: 33854634 PMCID: PMC8040727 DOI: 10.7150/jca.57019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously found a panel of autoantibodies against multiple tumor-associated antigens (BMI-1, HSP70, MMP-7, NY-ESO-1, p53 and PRDX6) that might facilitate early detection of esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Here we aimed at assessing the diagnostic performance of these autoantibodies in breast cancer patients. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was applied to detect sera autoantibodies in 123 breast cancer patients and 123 age-matched normal controls. We adopted logistic regression analysis to identify optimized autoantibody biomarkers for diagnosis and receiver-operating characteristics to analyze diagnostic efficiency. Five of six autoantibodies, BMI-1, HSP70, NY-ESO-1, p53 and PRDX6 demonstrated significantly elevated serum levels in breast cancer compared to normal controls. An optimized panel composed of autoantibodies to BMI-1, HSP70, NY-ESO-1 and p53 showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.819 (95% CI 0.766-0.873), 63.4% sensitivity and 90.2% specificity for diagnosing breast cancer. Moreover, this autoantibody panel could differentiate patients with early stage breast cancer from normal controls, with AUC of 0.805 (95% CI 0.743-0.886), 59.6% sensitivity and 90.2% specificity. Our findings indicated that the panel of autoantibodies to BMI-1, HSP70, NY-ESO-1 and p53 as serum biomarkers have the potential to help detect early stage breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Qun Hong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xue-Fen Weng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Precision Medicine Research Centre, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xu-Chun Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Precision Medicine Research Centre, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Ling-Yu Chu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Precision Medicine Research Centre, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Lai-Feng Wei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Precision Medicine Research Centre, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi-Wei Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Precision Medicine Research Centre, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Liu-Yi Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Precision Medicine Research Centre, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Can-Tong Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Precision Medicine Research Centre, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi-Wei Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Precision Medicine Research Centre, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Yu-Hui Peng, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No.7, Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China. E-mail: ; Telephone: +86-137-1591-2739; Fax: +86-754-8856-0352; Yi-Wei Xu, E-mail:
| | - Yu-Hui Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Precision Medicine Research Centre, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Yu-Hui Peng, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No.7, Raoping Road, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China. E-mail: ; Telephone: +86-137-1591-2739; Fax: +86-754-8856-0352; Yi-Wei Xu, E-mail:
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Akhtar J, Priya R, Jain V, Sakhuja P, Agarwal AK, Goyal S, Polisetty RV, Sirdeshmukh R, Kar S, Gautam P. Immunoproteomics approach revealed elevated autoantibody levels against ANXA1 in early stage gallbladder carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:1175. [PMID: 33261560 PMCID: PMC7709428 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07676-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early diagnosis is important for the timely treatment of gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) patients and may lead to increased survival outcomes. Here, we have applied serological proteome analysis (SERPA), an immunoproteomics approach, for the detection of ‘tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) that elicit humoral response’ in early stage GBC patients. Methods Total protein from pooled tumor tissue of GBC patients (n = 7) was resolved by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) followed by immunoblotting using pooled blood plasma from healthy volunteers (n = 11) or gallstone disease (GSD) cases (n = 11) or early stage GBC (Stage I and II) (n = 5) or GBC stage IIIA (n = 9). 2-D gel and immunoblot images were acquired and analyzed using PDQuest software to identify immunoreactive spots in GBC cases in comparison to controls. Proteins from immunoreactive spots were identified by liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometric analysis (LC-MS/MS). Autoantibody levels for two of the functionally relevant proteins were investigated in individual plasma samples (52 cases and 89 controls) by dot blot assay using recombinant proteins. Results Image analysis using PDQuest software identified 25 protein spots with significantly high or specific immunoreactivity in GBC cases. Mass spectrometric analysis of 8 corresponding protein spots showing intense immunoreactivity (based on densitometric analysis) in early stage GBC or GBC stage IIIA cases led to the identification of 27 proteins. Some of the identified proteins include ANXA1, HSPD1, CA1, CA2, ALDOA and CTSD. Among the two proteins, namely ANXA1 and HSPD1 verified using a cohort of samples, significantly elevated autoantibody levels against ANXA1 were observed in early stage GBC cases in comparison to healthy volunteers or GSD cases (unpaired t-test, p < 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis for ANXA1 showed an Area under the Curve (AUC) of 0.69, with 41.7% sensitivity against a specificity of 89.9% for early stage GBC. IHC analysis for ANXA1 protein showed ‘high’ expression levels in 72% of GBC cases whereas all the controls showed ‘low’ expression levels. Conclusions The study suggests that the ANXA1 autoantibody levels against ANXA1 may be potentially employed for early stage detection of GBC patients. Other proteins could also be explored and verified in a large cohort of clinical samples. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-020-07676-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javed Akhtar
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, ICMR- National Institute of Pathology, Safdarjung Hospital Campus, New Delhi, 110029, India.,Jamia Hamdard- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Ratna Priya
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, ICMR- National Institute of Pathology, Safdarjung Hospital Campus, New Delhi, 110029, India.,Jamia Hamdard- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Vaishali Jain
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, ICMR- National Institute of Pathology, Safdarjung Hospital Campus, New Delhi, 110029, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE) , 576104, Manipal, India
| | - Puja Sakhuja
- Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, 110002, India
| | - Anil Kumar Agarwal
- Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, 110002, India
| | - Surbhi Goyal
- Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, 110002, India
| | - Ravindra Varma Polisetty
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Ravi Sirdeshmukh
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE) , 576104, Manipal, India.,Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore, 560066, India
| | - Sudeshna Kar
- Jamia Hamdard- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Poonam Gautam
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, ICMR- National Institute of Pathology, Safdarjung Hospital Campus, New Delhi, 110029, India.
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Chang SC, Yuan SHC, Li CY, Chang HM, Wang HC, Pan YA, Hsueh PC, Wu CC, Yang Y, Liu HP. Significant association of serum autoantibodies to TYMS, HAPLN1 and IGFBP5 with early stage canine malignant mammary tumours. Vet Comp Oncol 2020; 19:172-182. [PMID: 33038064 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Canine mammary tumours (CMTs) are the most prevalent neoplasms in female dogs. Despite the high incidence of such tumours, a lack of easily accessible biomarkers still impedes early diagnosis of malignant CMTs. Herein we identify thymidylate synthetase (TYMS), hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1 (HAPLN1) and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5 (IGFBP5) as CMT antigens eliciting corresponding autoantibodies in CMT cases. We establish enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) to detect autoantibodies to TYMS (TYMS-AAb), HAPLN1 (HAPLN1-AAb) and IGFBP5 (IGFBP5-AAb) in sera from 81 dogs with malignant CMTs (41 in Stage I), 24 with benign CMTs and 35 healthy controls. Levels of all the three autoantibodies are elevated in the malignant group compared with the healthy or the benign group; notably, the elevated autoantibody levels significantly correlate with the stage-I CMTs. For discriminating malignant CMTs from healthy control, the area under curve (AUC) of TYMS-AAb is 0.694 with specificity of 82.9% and sensitivity of 50.6%. The AUC of utilising HAPLN1-AAb for distinguishing the stage-I CMTs from healthy controls is 0.711 with specificity of 77.1% and sensitivity of 58.5%. In differentiating malignant CMTs from the benign, the AUC of IGFBP5-AAb reaches 0.696 with specificity of 70.8% and sensitivity of 67.9%, and a combination of IGFBP5-AAb and TYMS-AAb increases the AUC to 0.72. Finally, the AUC of combined HAPLN1-AAb and IGFBP5-AAb in discriminating the stage-I CMTs from the benign achieves 0.731. Collectively, this study highlights a significant association of the three serum autoantibodies with early stage malignant CMTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chieh Chang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Stephen Hsien-Chi Yuan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yin Li
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Huan-Ming Chang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Heng-Cian Wang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-An Pan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chun Hsueh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Wu
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Youngsen Yang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Ping Liu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Zhang X, Liu M, Zhang X, Wang Y, Dai L. Autoantibodies to tumor-associated antigens in lung cancer diagnosis. Adv Clin Chem 2020; 103:1-45. [PMID: 34229848 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2020.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) accounts for the majority of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although screening the high-risk population by low-dose CT (LDCT) has reduced mortality, the cost and high false positivity rate has prevented its general diagnostic use. As such, better and more specific minimally invasive biomarkers are needed in general and for early LC detection, specifically. Autoantibodies produced by humoral immune response to tumor-associated antigens (TAA) are emerging as a promising noninvasive biomarker for LC. Given the low sensitivity of any one single autoantibody, a panel approach could provide a more robust and promising strategy to detect early stage LC. In this review, we summarize the background of TAA autoantibodies (TAAb) and the techniques currently used for identifying TAA, as well as recent findings of LC specific antigens and TAAb. This review provides guidance toward the development of accurate and reliable TAAb as immunodiagnostic biomarkers in the early detection of LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuzhi Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Man Liu
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences in Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences & Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences in Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences & Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yulin Wang
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences in Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences & Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Liping Dai
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences in Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences & Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Zhang L, Lu T, Yang Y, Hu L. α-enolase is highly expressed in liver cancer and promotes cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:152. [PMID: 32934720 PMCID: PMC7471668 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression levels of α-enolase, also known as enolase 1 (ENO1), in liver cancer tissues and the autoantibody levels of ENO1 in the sera of patients with liver cancer were detected to investigate the function of ENO1 in the invasion and metastasis of liver cancer, as well as its clinical diagnostic value. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to disrupt ENO1 gene expression in HepG2 and Huh7 liver cancer cells. The proliferation ability of liver cancer cells was assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8); the migration ability of liver cancer cells was assessed using scratch tests; and the migration and invasion abilities of liver cancer cells were assessed using Transwell assays. ENO1 expression in liver cancer tissues (43.8%) was significantly higher than that in benign liver lesions (15.2%) (P=0.005). The serum anti-ENO1 antibody levels in the liver cancer group were significantly higher than those in the control and benign liver lesion groups (P<0.001). After ENO1 gene interference, the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities of HepG2 and Huh7 liver cancer cells exhibited different degrees of suppression. The results revealed that ENO1 promotes liver cancer invasion and metastasis; ENO1 plays an important role in liver cancer and can be used as a potential liver cancer-associated marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Tao Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Ye Yang
- Department of Pathology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Liangfeng Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
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40
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Barros LRC, Souza-Santos PTD, Pretti MAM, Vieira GF, Bragatte MADS, Mendes MFDA, De Freitas MV, Scherer NDM, De Oliveira IM, Rapozo DCM, Fernandes PV, Simão TDA, Soares-Lima SC, Boroni M, Ribeiro Pinto LF, Bonamino MH. High infiltration of B cells in tertiary lymphoid structures, TCR oligoclonality, and neoantigens are part of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma microenvironment. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 108:1307-1318. [PMID: 32827331 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5ma0720-710rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCA) exhibits high intratumoral molecular heterogeneity posing a challenge to cancer therapy. Immune checkpoint blockade therapy has been approved for this disease, but with modest results. RNA-Seq data from paired tumor and surrounding nonmalignant tissue from 14 patients diagnosed with ESCA without previous treatment and from The Cancer Genome Atlas-ESCA cohort were analyzed. Herein, we investigated ESCA immune landscape including mutation-derived neoantigens and immune cell subpopulations. Tumor-associated antigen expression was determined by in silico analyses and confirmed by immunohistochemistry showing that PRAME, CEACAM4, and MAGEA11 proteins are expressed on tumors. Immune checkpoint molecules gene expression was higher in the tumor compared with surrounding nonmalignant tissue, but its expression varies greatly among patients. TCR repertoire and BCR transcripts analysis evidenced low clonal diversity with one TCR clone predicted to be specific for a MAGEA11-derived peptide. A high number of B-cell clones infiltrating the tumors and the abundance of these cells in tertiary lymphoid structures observed in ESCA tumors support B cells as a potential immune modulator in this tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marco Antonio Marques Pretti
- Programa de Carcinogênese Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Câncer-INCA, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratório de Bioinformática e Biologia Computacional, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, INCA
| | - Gustavo Fioravanti Vieira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade La Salle, Canoas, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Alves De Souza Bragatte
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marcus Fabiano De Almeida Mendes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Martiela Vaz De Freitas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Tatiana De Almeida Simão
- Departamento de Bioquímica, IBRAG, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Boroni
- Laboratório de Bioinformática e Biologia Computacional, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, INCA
| | - Luis Felipe Ribeiro Pinto
- Programa de Carcinogênese Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Câncer-INCA, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Departamento de Bioquímica, IBRAG, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Martin Hernan Bonamino
- Programa de Carcinogênese Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Câncer-INCA, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Vice-Presidência de Pesquisa e Coleções Biológicas (VPPCB), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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41
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Determination of Paraneoplastic neuropathy in newly diagnosed breast tumor patients. eNeurologicalSci 2020; 21:100265. [PMID: 32984562 PMCID: PMC7494455 DOI: 10.1016/j.ensci.2020.100265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The presence of paraneoplastic neuropathy in newly diagnosed breast tumor patients will be investigated. Aim of study is conduce of early diagnosis of the disease and new biomarkers responsible for the pathogenesis to be identify. Materials and Methods Thirty-two patients admitted to the Oncology outpatient clinic with newly diagnosed breast cancer were included in the study. After the neurological examination of the patients, Lanss neuropathic pain scale and blood tests were performed. Before chemotherapy all patients underwent electromyography (EMG). Two tubes of 5 cc of venous blood were obtained by screening onconeuronal antibodies. Results Patients included in the study; 1 (3.1%) grade 1, 14 (43.8%) grade 2, 17 (53.1%) grade 3 invasive breast cancer was diagnosed. Perineural invasion was detected in 5 (15.6%) patients. Progesterone receptor positivity was found in 26 (81.2%) patients and estrogen receptor positivity was found in 27 (84.4%) patients. In 7 (21.9%) patients, CERBB2 was positive for Ki 67 in 25 (78.1%) patients. Neuropathic findings were present in 6 (18.8%) patients. Sensory neuropathy was detected by electrophsiologic tests in only 2 (6.2%) patients. A total of 12 (37.5%) patients had onconeuroneal antibody positivity. Antibody positivity was significantly higher in patients with high grade tumor (p = 0.008). Conclusion Paraneoplastic neuropathies can be confused with neuropathies due to non-cancerous causes both clinically and electrophysiologically. When approaching paraneoplastic neuropathies, pathological findings should be carefully reviewed and evaluated with other findigs. It should be remembered that an underlying breast tumor may be present in women with cancer-related neuropathic complaints. Frequency of onconeuronal antibodies is so high in breast tumor. The presence of onconeural antibodies is a guide for paraneoplastic syndromes. Tumor grade has a positive correlation with onconeural antibodies antibodies. Mostly CV2 and Hu antibodies are responsible for cancer-related neuropaties.
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42
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Wang T, Zhang KH. New Blood Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of AFP-Negative Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1316. [PMID: 32923383 PMCID: PMC7456927 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) followed by effective treatment is currently critical for improving the prognosis and reducing the associated economic burden. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is the most widely used biomarker for HCC diagnosis. Based on elevated serum AFP levels as well as typical imaging features, AFP-positive HCC (APHC) can be easily diagnosed, but AFP-negative HCC (ANHC) is not easily detected due to lack of ideal biomarkers and thus mainly reliance on imaging. Imaging for the diagnosis of ANHC is probably insufficient in sensitivity and/or specificity because most ANHC tumors are small and early-stage HCC, and it is involved in sophisticated techniques and high costs. Moreover, ANHC accounts for nearly half of HCC and exhibits a better prognosis compared with APHC. Therefore, the diagnosis of ANHC in clinical practice has been a critical issue for the early treatment and prognosis improvement of HCC. In recent years, tremendous efforts have been made to discover new biomarkers complementary to AFP for HCC diagnosis. In this review, we systematically review and discuss the recent advances of blood biomarkers for HCC diagnosis, including DNA biomarkers, RNA biomarkers, protein biomarkers, and conventional laboratory metrics, focusing on their diagnostic evaluation alone and in combination, in particular on their diagnostic performance for ANHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangxi Institute of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Kun-He Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangxi Institute of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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43
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Tumor-associated antigens and their antibodies in the screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of esophageal cancers. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 32:779-788. [PMID: 32243347 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000001718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Despite the advances in the treatment and management, esophageal cancers continue to carry a dismal prognosis with an overall 5-year survival rate ranging from 15 to 25%. Delayed onset of symptoms and lack of effective screening methods and guidelines for diagnosis of the early disease contribute to the high mortality rate of esophageal cancers. Detection of esophageal cancer at their early stage is really a challenge for physicians including primary care physicians, gastroenterologists and oncologists. Although imaging, endoscopy and biopsy have been proved to be useful diagnostic tools for esophageal cancers, their diagnostic accuracy is unsatisfactory. In addition, expensive costs, invasiveness and special training operator have limited the clinical application of these tools. Recently, tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and their antibodies have been reported to be potential markers in esophageal cancer screening, diagnosis, monitoring and prognostication. Because TAAs and their antibodies have the advantages of inexpensive cost, noninvasiveness and easy access, they have attracted much attention as an affordable option for early esophageal cancer diagnosis. In this review, we summarized the advances in TAAs and their antibodies in esophageal cancer screening, diagnosis, monitoring and prognostication.
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Konings H, Stappers S, Geens M, De Winter BY, Lamote K, van Meerbeeck JP, Specenier P, Vanderveken OM, Ledeganck KJ. A Literature Review of the Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers of Head and Neck Neoplasms. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1020. [PMID: 32670885 PMCID: PMC7332560 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck neoplasms have a poor prognosis because of their late diagnosis. Finding a biomarker to detect these tumors in an early phase could improve the prognosis and survival rate. This literature review provides an overview of biomarkers, covering the different -omics fields to diagnose head and neck neoplasms in the early phase. To date, not a single biomarker, nor a panel of biomarkers for the detection of head and neck tumors has been detected with clinical applicability. Limitations for the clinical implementation of the investigated biomarkers are mainly the heterogeneity of the study groups (e.g., small population in which the biomarker was tested, and/or only including high-risk populations) and a low sensitivity and/or specificity of the biomarkers under study. Further research on biomarkers to diagnose head and neck neoplasms in an early stage, is therefore needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heleen Konings
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sofie Stappers
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Margot Geens
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Benedicte Y De Winter
- Laboratorium of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics and Member of the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kevin Lamote
- Laboratorium of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics and Member of the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Pneumology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jan P van Meerbeeck
- Laboratorium of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics and Member of the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Pneumology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pol Specenier
- Department of Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.,Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Olivier M Vanderveken
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.,Department of Translational Neurosciences, Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kristien J Ledeganck
- Laboratorium of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics and Member of the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Sena G, Gallo G, Vescio G, Gambardella D, de Franciscis S, Renne M. Anti-Ri-associated paraneoplastic ophthalmoplegia-ataxia syndrome in a woman with breast cancer: a case report and review of the literature. J Med Case Rep 2020; 14:67. [PMID: 32527295 PMCID: PMC7291432 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-020-02410-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. However, in the management of breast cancer, paraneoplastic neurological syndromes represent a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. The diagnosis of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes is difficult due to the heterogeneity of symptoms, the timing of presentation, and the absence of antibodies, and it generally occurs before the diagnosis of breast cancer in 80% of patients who develop paraneoplastic neurological syndromes. We describe a 72-year-old woman with subacute ophthalmoplegia-ataxia syndrome who was subsequently diagnosed as having breast cancer and anti-Ri antibodies. Case presentation A 72-year-old post-menopausal Caucasian woman, with a positive medical history for diabetes mellitus and hypertension, presented with a 3-month onset of blurred vision, diplopia, and progressive gait disturbance. Serological tests were positive for well-characterized onconeural antibodies (anti-Ri). A whole-body computed tomography scan revealed a nodular opacity under her left nipple and axillary adenopathy. A biopsy of her left breast was performed, and histological examination showed ductal carcinoma. She underwent a superoexternal quadrantectomy with left axillary dissection. The final diagnosis showed infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast (T1c N1 M0, stage IIA) associated with paraneoplastic ophthalmoplegia-ataxia syndrome. At a 6-month follow-up, she showed no clinical or instrumental evidence of neoplastic recurrence with partial clinical improvement of neurological symptoms, such as ataxia and diplopia. Conclusion The diagnosis of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes is often late, as in this patient, but treatment at an early stage may provide a good prognosis. Furthermore, this is one of several cases of an anti-Ri paraneoplastic neurological syndrome not associated with myoclonus, which reinforces the belief that opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome is not pathognomonic of the associated anti-Ri paraneoplastic neurological syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Sena
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, U.O. of General Surgery, University of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Gaetano Gallo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, U.O. of General Surgery, University of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Vescio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, U.O. of General Surgery, University of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Denise Gambardella
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, U.O. of General Surgery, University of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefano de Franciscis
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, U.O. of General Surgery, University of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Mariuccia Renne
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, U.O. of General Surgery, University of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
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Music M, Iafolla M, Soosaipillai A, Batruch I, Prassas I, Pintilie M, Hansen AR, Bedard PL, Lheureux S, Spreafico A, Razak AA, Siu LL, Diamandis EP. Predicting response and toxicity to PD-1 inhibition using serum autoantibodies identified from immuno-mass spectrometry. F1000Res 2020; 9:337. [PMID: 33299547 PMCID: PMC7707117 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.22715.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Validated biomarkers are needed to identify patients at increased risk of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Antibodies directed against endogenous antigens can change after exposure to ICB. Methods: Patients with different solid tumors stratified into cohorts received pembrolizumab every 3 weeks in a Phase II trial (INSPIRE study). Blood samples were collected prior to first pembrolizumab exposure (baseline) and approximately 7 weeks (pre-cycle 3) into treatment. In a discovery analysis, autoantibody target immuno-mass spectrometry was performed in baseline and pre-cycle 3 pooled sera of 24 INSPIRE patients based on clinical benefit (CBR) and irAEs. Results: Thyroglobulin (Tg) and thyroid peroxidase (TPO) were identified as the candidate autoantibody targets. In the overall cohort of 78 patients, the frequency of CBR and irAEs from pembrolizumab was 31% and 24%, respectively. Patients with an anti-Tg titer increase ≥1.5x from baseline to pre-cycle 3 were more likely to have irAEs relative to patients without this increase in unadjusted, cohort adjusted, and multivariable models (OR=17.4, 95% CI 1.8-173.8, p=0.015). Similarly, patients with an anti-TPO titer ≥ 1.5x from baseline to pre-cycle 3 were more likely to have irAEs relative to patients without the increase in unadjusted and cohort adjusted (OR=6.1, 95% CI 1.1-32.7, p=0.035) models. Further, the cohort adjusted analysis showed patients with anti-Tg titer greater than median (10.0 IU/mL) at pre-cycle 3 were more likely to have irAEs (OR=4.7, 95% CI 1.2-17.8, p=0.024). Patients with pre-cycle 3 anti-TPO titers greater than median (10.0 IU/mL) had a significant difference in overall survival (23.8 vs 11.5 months; HR=1.8, 95% CI 1.0-3.2, p=0.05). Conclusions: Patient increase ≥1.5x of anti-Tg and anti-TPO titers from baseline to pre-cycle 3 were associated with irAEs from pembrolizumab, and patients with elevated pre-cycle 3 anti-TPO titers had an improvement in overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Music
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marco Iafolla
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Health Network, Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Antoninus Soosaipillai
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ihor Batruch
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ioannis Prassas
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Melania Pintilie
- Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aaron R. Hansen
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Health Network, Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Philippe L. Bedard
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Health Network, Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephanie Lheureux
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Health Network, Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anna Spreafico
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Health Network, Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Albiruni Abdul Razak
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Health Network, Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lillian L. Siu
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Health Network, Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eleftherios P. Diamandis
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Health Network, Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Abstract
Introduction Autoimmune retinopathy (AR) is a sight-threating retinal disorder that is mediated by autoantibodies (AAbs) against retinal proteins. The visual paraneoplastic syndromes, including cancer-associated retinopathy (CAR) and melanoma-associated retinopathy (MAR) are mediated by anti-retinal AAbs. A number of immunochemical techniques have been used to detect serum anti-retinal autoantibodies in patients to help with autoimmune diagnosis. Area covered We review techniques used for serum autoantibody evaluation in patients with suspected autoimmune retinopathy. Expert opinion Detection of serum AAbs have served as the standard diagnostic tool for autoimmune retinopathies and for management of retinal disorders. An identification of anti-retinal autoantibody or multiple autoantibodies can be useful for not only for diagnosis of autoimmune retinopathies but also for management of retinal disorders. We propose that the line-blotting technique used in conjunction with immunohistochemistry are the best and most reliable assays for detection of serum anti-retinal AAb in the context of clinical history and findings. Clinician should recognize that the majority of antigenic targets identified to date in retinal autoimmunity are ubiquitously expressed proteins (e.g. enolase), which may be difficult to reconcile with the specific patterns of retinal damage observed in CAR, MAR, or AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazyna Adamus
- Ocular Immunology Laboratory, Casey Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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48
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Campos-Carrillo A, Weitzel JN, Sahoo P, Rockne R, Mokhnatkin JV, Murtaza M, Gray SW, Goetz L, Goel A, Schork N, Slavin TP. Circulating tumor DNA as an early cancer detection tool. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 207:107458. [PMID: 31863816 PMCID: PMC6957244 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.107458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor DNA holds substantial promise as an early detection biomarker, particularly for cancers that do not have currently accepted screening methodologies, such as ovarian, pancreatic, and gastric cancers. Many features intrinsic to ctDNA analysis may be leveraged to enhance its use as an early cancer detection biomarker: including ctDNA fragment lengths, DNA copy number variations, and associated patient phenotypic information. Furthermore, ctDNA testing may be synergistically used with other multi-omic biomarkers to enhance early detection. For instance, assays may incorporate early detection proteins (i.e., CA-125), epigenetic markers, circulating tumor RNA, nucleosomes, exosomes, and associated immune markers. Many companies are currently competing to develop a marketable early cancer detection test that leverages ctDNA. Although some hurdles (like early stage disease assay accuracy, high implementation costs, confounding from clonal hematopoiesis, and lack of clinical utility studies) need to be addressed before integration into healthcare, ctDNA assays hold substantial potential as an early cancer screening test.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Prativa Sahoo
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Russell Rockne
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | | | - Muhammed Murtaza
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Stacy W Gray
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Laura Goetz
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Ajay Goel
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Nicholas Schork
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Thomas P Slavin
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
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49
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Yang B, Ren N, Guo B, Xin H, Yin Y. Measuring serum human epididymis secretory protein autoantibody as an early biomarker of lung cancer. Transl Cancer Res 2020; 9:735-741. [PMID: 35117419 PMCID: PMC8797310 DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2019.11.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer (LC) is one of the most common types of malignant tumors and is the most prominent cause of tumor-related death worldwide. LC is a heterogeneous disease caused by somatic cell mutations and dysregulation in several signaling pathways. Understanding these pathways provides the basis for detecting LC. LC screening and diagnosis in current clinic still rely on computed tomography (CT), but its high false positive rates and cost may prevent it from being a routine screening method. Therefore, the discovery of new non-invasive and more valuable biomarkers may present an improved diagnostic approach for LC, and potentially provide more useful information for the prognosis and treatment of LC in patients. This study investigated the potential of detecting serum autoantibodies produced against human epididymis secretory protein 4 (HE4) for LC diagnosis in high-risk groups. METHODS Serum samples from 61 patients with LC were included in this study, and another 53 serum samples from healthy donors or benign lung diseases (BLD) patients were collected as the control group. The samples were analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). RESULTS ELISA results showed significantly higher levels of serum autoantibodies against HE4 in samples from LC patients compared to the control group (P<0.001). Analysis of HE4 autoantibodies showed a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve indicating 67.21% sensitivity, 96.23% specificity, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.848. Levels of HE4 autoantibodies can discriminate early-stage LC patients from the control group with a 54.76% sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS Detecting serum HE4 autoantibody levels may be a potential biomarker in high-risk groups of LC. We present a new method for the diagnosis of LC in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Na Ren
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Bo Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Hua Xin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Yiyu Yin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
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50
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Kobayashi M, Katayama H, Fahrmann JF, Hanash SM. Development of autoantibody signatures for common cancers. Semin Immunol 2020; 47:101388. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2020.101388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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