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Liu Y, Hou Y, Zhang F, Wang X. ENO1 deletion potentiates ferroptosis and decreases glycolysis in colorectal cancer cells via AKT/STAT3 signaling. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:127. [PMID: 38414789 PMCID: PMC10895580 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevailing and lethal forms of cancer globally. α-enolase (ENO1) has been well documented to be involved in the progression and drug resistance of CRC. The present study was designed to specify the role of ENO1 in major events during the process of CRC and to introduce its latent functional mechanism. ENO1 expression was determined by western blot analysis. Extracellular acidification rates were assessed using an XF96 extracellular flux analyzer. Glucose uptake, lactic acid production, total iron levels and ferroptosis-related markers were examined with corresponding kits. A dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate probe measured intracellular reactive oxygen species content. Western blotting detected the expression of glycolysis- and ferroptosis-related proteins. CCK-8 and EdU staining assays assessed cell proliferation. In the current study, ENO1 was highly expressed in CRC cells. Knockdown of ENO1 markedly reduced the glycolysis and accelerated the ferroptosis in CRC cells. Moreover, the inhibitory effects of WZB117, a specific inhibitor of glycolysis-related glucose transporter type 1, on CRC cell proliferation were further enhanced by ENO1 interference. In addition, silencing of ENO1 inactivated the AKT/STAT3 signaling. The AKT activator SC79 partially reversed the effects of ENO1 deficiency on the AKT/STAT3 signaling, glycolysis, proliferation as well as ferroptosis in CRC cells. In summary, inactivation of AKT/STAT3 signaling mediated by ENO1 inhibition might boost the ferroptosis and suppress the glycolysis in CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Yinyin Hou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Xifang Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
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Menzhinskaya IV, Pavlovich SV, Melkumyan AG, Chuprynin VD, Yarotskaya EL, Sukhikh GT. Potential Significance of Serum Autoantibodies to Endometrial Antigens, α-Enolase and Hormones in Non-Invasive Diagnosis and Pathogenesis of Endometriosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15578. [PMID: 37958566 PMCID: PMC10649774 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the study was to evaluate the profile of serum autoantibodies and their diagnostic and pathogenetic significance in ovarian endometrioma (OEM) and deep infiltrative endometriosis (DIE). The study enrolled 74 patients with endometriosis (Group 1), including 53 patients with OEM (Subgroup 1a); 21 patients with DIE without ovarian lesions (Subgroup 1b); and 27 patients without endometriosis (Group 2). The diagnosis was confirmed by laparoscopic surgery and histologic examination of resected tissues. Antibodies (M, G) to tropomyosin 3 (TPM), tropomodulin 3 (TMOD), α-enolase (ENO), estradiol (E2), progesterone (PG), and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) were identified in blood serum using modified ELISA. In endometriosis, antibodies to endometrial antigens, hormones, and ENO were detected more often than antiphospholipid and antinuclear antibodies. Higher levels of IgM to TPM, hCG, E2, and PG and IgG to TMOD, ENO, E2, and hCG were found in Subgroup 1a compared to Group 2. IgM to TPM, hCG, E2, PG, and IgG to E2 and ENO had a high diagnostic value for OEM (AUC > 0.7), with antibodies to TPM having the highest sensitivity and specificity (73.6% and 81.5%). In Subgroup 1b, only the levels of IgM to TPM and hCG were higher than in Group 2. These antibodies had a high diagnostic value for DIE. Thus, endometriosis is associated with autoantibodies to endometrial antigens, α-enolase, steroid, and gonadotropic hormones. A wider spectrum of antibodies is detected in OEM than in DIE. These antibodies have a high diagnostic value for OEM and DIE and potential pathogenetic significance for endometriosis and associated infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V. Menzhinskaya
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Stanislav V. Pavlovich
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Perinatology and Reproductology, Institute of Professional Education, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia
| | - Arika G. Melkumyan
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir D. Chuprynin
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina L. Yarotskaya
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Gennady T. Sukhikh
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Perinatology and Reproductology, Institute of Professional Education, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia
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Sun M, Li L, Niu Y, Wang Y, Yan Q, Xie F, Qiao Y, Song J, Sun H, Li Z, Lai S, Chang H, Zhang H, Wang J, Yang C, Zhao H, Tan J, Li Y, Liu S, Lu B, Liu M, Kong G, Zhao Y, Zhang C, Lin SH, Luo C, Zhang S, Shan C. PRMT6 promotes tumorigenicity and cisplatin response of lung cancer through triggering 6PGD/ENO1 mediated cell metabolism. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:157-173. [PMID: 36815049 PMCID: PMC9939295 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer, including lung cancer. However, the exact underlying mechanism and therapeutic potential are largely unknown. Here we report that protein arginine methyltransferase 6 (PRMT6) is highly expressed in lung cancer and is required for cell metabolism, tumorigenicity, and cisplatin response of lung cancer. PRMT6 regulated the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) flux and glycolysis pathway in human lung cancer by increasing the activity of 6-phospho-gluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) and α-enolase (ENO1). Furthermore, PRMT6 methylated R324 of 6PGD to enhancing its activity; while methylation at R9 and R372 of ENO1 promotes formation of active ENO1 dimers and 2-phosphoglycerate (2-PG) binding to ENO1, respectively. Lastly, targeting PRMT6 blocked the oxidative PPP flux, glycolysis pathway, and tumor growth, as well as enhanced the anti-tumor effects of cisplatin in lung cancer. Together, this study demonstrates that PRMT6 acts as a post-translational modification (PTM) regulator of glucose metabolism, which leads to the pathogenesis of lung cancer. It was proven that the PRMT6-6PGD/ENO1 regulatory axis is an important determinant of carcinogenesis and may become a promising cancer therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Leilei Li
- Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yujia Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yingzhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Qi Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Fei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yaya Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jiaqi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Huanran Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Sizhen Lai
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Hongkai Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jiyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Chenxin Yang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Huifang Zhao
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Junzhen Tan
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yanping Li
- Department of Pathology and Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Shuangping Liu
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
| | - Bin Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China,School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Min Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Guangyao Kong
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnostics and Biotherapy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Yujun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chunze Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University, Tianjin 300121, China
| | - Shu-Hai Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China,Corresponding authors.
| | - Cheng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China,Corresponding authors.
| | - Shuai Zhang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China,Corresponding authors.
| | - Changliang Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China,State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China,Corresponding authors.
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抗ENO1抗体与狼疮性视网膜病变的相关性. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2022; 54. [PMID: 36533339 DOI: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To build bridges between anti-α enolase antibody (anti-enolase 1 antibody, anti-ENO1 antibody) and common clinical and laboratory characteristics of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to analyze the role of anti-ENO1 antibody in the evaluation of SLE disease activity. METHODS The SLE patients with retinopathy and without retinopathy were enrolled in the study, as well as healthy individuals whose gender and age matched with those of the SLE patients. Serum anti-ENO1 antibodies were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), presenting as intra-group positive rate and arbitrary units (AU) value. Clinical and laboratory data were obtained from medical records. RESULTS The SLE retinopathy patients represented various fundus abnormalities. Ranked by percentage, the top three retinopathies were retinal hemorrhage (14/32, 43.75%), cotton-wool spots (8/32, 25.00%) and retinal vein occlusion (3/32, 9.38%). Among the 32 SLE retinopathy patients, 13 (40.63%) suffered from two or more fundus abnormalities. The positive rate and AU value of the SLE patients were higher than of the SLE patients without retinopathy (68.75% vs. 46.00%, P=0.043; 16.11%±10.35% vs. 12.06%±6.47%, P=0.045). Besides, the positive rate and AU value of the two SLE groups were both significantly higher than those of the healthy control group (P < 0.001). Compared with the SLE-without-retinopathy group, the systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI)-2000 of the SLE retinopathy patients were significantly higher than those of the SLE patients without retinopathy (17.41±4.25 vs. 9.48±5.35, P < 0.001). Dividing all the SLE patients into an anti-ENO1-positive group and an anti-ENO1-negative group, we found that anti-ENO1-positive was more likely to be correlated to developing fever and positive result of urine occult blood (P=0.011, P=0.042). Comparing with the patients with negative anti-ENO1 antibodies, the patients with positive anti-ENO1 antibodies had significantly higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) [the median (range) was 29.50 (1.52-110.00) mg/L vs. 12.00 (4.00-101.00) mg/L, P=0.001], higher immunoglobulin G (IgG) [the median (range) was 14.30 (4.02-37.80) g/L vs. 10.46 (2.50-25.73) g/L, P=0.000 3], and higher blood platelet count (PLT) [(205.87×109±67.98×109) /L vs. (164.57×109±69.57×109) /L, P=0.008], as well as higher immunoglobulin A (IgA) [the median (range) was 2.85 (0.07-27.00) g/L vs. 2.05 (0.42-4.36) g/L, P=0.014]. CONCLUSION The positive rate and AU value of anti-ENO1 antibody suggested higher SLE disease activity and they were elevated in SLE and SLE retinopathy.
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Yu F, He M, Li J, Wang H, Chen S, Zhang X, Zhang H, Duan G, Zhang R. Differential Expression of α-Enolase in Clinical Gastric Tissues and Cultured Normal/Cancer Cells in Response to Helicobacter pylori Infection and cagA Transfection. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58101453. [PMID: 36295613 PMCID: PMC9607155 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58101453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The role of α-enolase (ENO1) in Helicobacter pylori-related gastric lesions might be a critical factor in the pathogenesis, but remains undefined. Materials and Methods: This study investigated the differential expression of α-enolase in clinical gastric specimens and cultured normal/cancer cells in response to H. pylori (cagA+) infection and cagA transfection using qPCR, Western blots and histochemical methods. Results: A total of 172 gastric specimens were collected from 142 patients, the former comprising chronic superficial gastritis (CSG), precancerous diseases (PCDs, including atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia) and gastric cancer (GC) cases. Among the CSG and PCD cases, the H. pylori-infected group had significantly elevated ENO1 mRNA levels compared with the uninfected group. In the GC cases, differential ENO1 expressions were detected between the cancer tissues and the paracancerous tissues. Notably, significant difference was first detected between the GC cell (AGS) and the normal cell (GES-1) as a response of ENO1 to H. pylori infection and cagA transfection. Conclusions: This report reveals that ENO1 expression is associated with H. pylori infection, cagA transfection, co-culture duration, multiplicity of infection, gastric normal/cancerous cell lines and cellular differentiation. The findings may be crucial bases for further ascertaining H. pylori pathogenic mechanism and formulating novel therapeutic and diagnostic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyan Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, China
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Mengya He
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jian Li
- Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shuaiyin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Huijuan Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, China
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Guangcai Duan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, China
| | - Rongguang Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, China
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (R.Z.)
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Dinh DTD, Kuhl S, Görtz L, Goldbrunner R, Timmer M. Expression of ENO1 Is Up-regulated in Low-grade Glioma and Positively Correlated With Meningioma Grade. Anticancer Res 2022; 42:2319-2326. [PMID: 35489746 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.15711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND α-Enolase (ENO1) is a glycolytic enzyme involved in the Warburg effect which cancer cells utilize to satisfy their higher need for nutrients. Up-regulation of ENO1 has been detected in several tumor types, including melanoma and endometrial, gastric and colorectal cancer. In these tumors, ENO1 may function as prognostic marker. Therefore, it was our interest to determine the expression of ENO1 in glioma and meningioma and whether chemotherapy of glioma alters ENO1 expression. MATERIAL AND METHODS Tumor samples and control tissues were obtained during neurosurgery. All tumor samples were grouped according to WHO classification. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot were used to detect the expression of ENO1 in glioma and meningioma. All assays were carried out in triplicates; β-actin was used as a housekeeping gene. For western blots, all samples were incubated with mouse monoclonal anti-ENO1 followed by secondary horseradish peroxidase-linked anti-mouse antibody, with β-actin as a loading control. Immunofluorescence (n=33) was performed to determine the presence of ENO1 in tumor and control tissues using primary antibody to ENO1 and anti-Cy3 as secondary antibody. RESULTS The expression of ENO1 mRNA was significantly higher in the control group compared to glioma (p<0.0001) and its protein was also significantly up-regulated in low-grade glioma in comparison to high-grade (p<0.0001). ENO1 expression in grade II and III meningiomas was increased compared to grade I (p=0.016 and p=0.0010, respectively) and in grade III compared to grade II (p=0.0363). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that ENO1 might be a marker for meningioma progression and that ENO1 is up-regulated in low-grade glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dang Thuy Diem Dinh
- Laboratory for Neurooncology and Experimental Neurosurgery, Department of General Neurosurgery, Center for Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Saskia Kuhl
- Laboratory for Neurooncology and Experimental Neurosurgery, Department of General Neurosurgery, Center for Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lukas Görtz
- Laboratory for Neurooncology and Experimental Neurosurgery, Department of General Neurosurgery, Center for Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roland Goldbrunner
- Laboratory for Neurooncology and Experimental Neurosurgery, Department of General Neurosurgery, Center for Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marco Timmer
- Laboratory for Neurooncology and Experimental Neurosurgery, Department of General Neurosurgery, Center for Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Zhu B, McBride JW. Alpha Enolase 1 Ubiquitination and Degradation Mediated by Ehrlichia chaffeensis TRP120 Disrupts Glycolytic Flux and Promotes Infection. Pathogens 2021; 10:962. [PMID: 34451426 PMCID: PMC8400980 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10080962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ehrlichia chaffeensis modulates numerous host cell processes, including gene transcription to promote infection of the mononuclear phagocyte. Modulation of these host cell processes is directed through E. chaffeensis effectors, including TRP120. We previously reported that TRP120 moonlights as a HECT E3 Ub ligase that ubiquitinates host cell transcription and fate regulators (PCGF5 and FBW7) to promote infection. In this study, we identified a novel TRP120 substrate and examined the relationship between TRP120 and α-enolase (ENO1), a metalloenzyme that catalyzes glycolytic pathway substrate dehydration. Immunofluorescence microscopy and coimmunoprecipitation demonstrated interaction between ENO1 and TRP120, and ubiquitination of ENO-1 by TRP120 was detected in vivo and in vitro. Further, ENO-1 degradation was observed during infection and was inhibited by the proteasomal inhibitor bortezomib. A direct role of TRP120 Ub ligase activity in ENO-1 degradation was demonstrated and confirmed by ectopic expression of TRP120 HECT Ub ligase catalytic site mutant. siRNA knockdown of ENO-1 coincided with increased E. chaffeensis infection and ENO-1 knockdown disrupted glycolytic flux by decreasing the levels of pyruvate and lactate that may contribute to changes in host cell metabolism that promote infection. In addition, we elucidated a functional role of TRP120 auto-ubiquitination as an activating event that facilitates the recruitment of the UbcH5 E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. This investigation further expands the repertoire of TRP120 substrates and extends the potential role of TRP120 Ub ligase in infection to include metabolic reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhu
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0609, USA;
| | - Jere W. McBride
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0609, USA;
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0609, USA
- Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0609, USA
- Sealy Center for Vaccine Development, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0609, USA
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0609, USA
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Hashimoto Y, Saito W, Kanaizumi S, Saito M, Noda K, Kanda A, Ishida S. Comparison of clinical characteristics in patients with acute zonal occult outer retinopathy according to anti-retinal antibody status. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2021. [PMID: 33876277 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-021-05198-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the clinical characteristics of patients with acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR), according to the presence or absence of anti-retinal antibodies (ARAs) that are frequently detected in autoimmune retinopathy. METHODS Retrospective observational case series. This study included 33 patients with acute-stage AZOOR who had been followed up for more than 6 months after the initial visit. The median follow-up period was 26 months. Immunoblot analyses were used to detect autoantibodies for recoverin, carbonic anhydrase II, and α-enolase in serum from these patients. Main outcome measures comprised clinical factors at the initial and final visits, including best-corrected visual acuity, mean deviation on Humphrey perimetry, and retinal morphology, which were statistically compared between patients with AZOOR who exhibited ARAs and those who did not. RESULTS At least one serum ARA was detected in 42% of patients with AZOOR. There were no significant differences in clinical factors between the two groups, including follow-up period, best-corrected visual acuity and mean deviation at the initial and final visits, a-wave amplitude on single-flash electroretinography at the initial visit, and frequencies of improvement of the macular ellipsoid zone and AZOOR recurrence. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the presence of ARAs did not influence visual outcomes or outer retinal morphology in patients with AZOOR.
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Ebrahimi-Rad M, Khatami S, Akhbari H, Mahmoudzadeh-Niknam H, Valadbeigi S, Mahmoudi M, Jamshidi A, Riazi-Rad F, Saghiri R. Evaluation of autoantibodies against vimentin and α-enolase in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Reumatologia 2020; 58:350-6. [PMID: 33456077 DOI: 10.5114/reum.2020.101276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is categorized as an autoimmune disease with a frequency of 0.2–1% worldwide. It is reported that various autoantibodies are produced in the RA population, particularly against citrullinated peptides. Among various candidate markers for RA diagnosis, the citrullinated proteins have the highest specificity and sensitivity for both diagnosis and prognosis of RA. Anti-mutated citrullinated vimentin and α-enolase constitute a new class of autoantibodies for early detection of RA. Material and methods 45 serum samples and 19 synovial fluid (SF) specimens collected from RA patients were considered for American College of Rheumatology criteria and 20 serum samples and 10 SF specimens were provided from healthy subjects as a control group. To assess the quantity of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA), anti-mutated citrullinated vimentin (MCV) and anti-α-enolase in the serum and SF of RA patients were determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. For the evaluation of disease activity and joint destruction, we used the Disease Activity Score of 28 joints based on erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28). Furthermore, to measure the molecular weight of vimentin and α-enolase, electrophoresis on 10% SDS-PAGE was performed as described before. Results The anti-α-enolase level among serum samples from RA patients was significantly higher than in healthy subjects (4.49 ±0.20 ng/ml vs. 0.76 ±0.12 ng/ml) (p < 0.001). There was a direct relation between α-enolase quantity and (rheumatoid factor) RF and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. The mean ESR value in positive and negative ACPA patients was 38.2 ±22.6 mm/h and 9.2 ±5.8 mm/h respectively (p < 0.0001). The mean DAS28-ESR was 3.3. The level of anti-MCV in the serum of RA patients (244.6 ±53.3 U/ml) was higher than in serum of the healthy group (148.73 ±71.8) (p < 0.0001). The level of anti-MCV in the SF of patients was 687.5 ±148.4 U/ml. Conclusions In conclusion, both autoantibodies against MCV and α-enolase are two important markers that increase in serum and SF of RA patients and are specific for diagnosis of RA disease.
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Ji H, Shao ZY, Xue LL, Niu CY, Zhan XL, Yang C, Zhen L, Yang HM, Li SZ. [Effects of α-enolase gene interference expression on proliferation and apoptosis of follicular granulosa cells from Zi geese]. Zhongguo Ying Yong Sheng Li Xue Za Zhi 2020; 36:184-8. [PMID: 32744017 DOI: 10.12047/j.cjap.5847.2020.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To study the effects of α-enolase (ENO1) gene interference expression on proliferation, and cell cycle of follicular granulosa cells from Zi geese. Methods: F1 follicular granulosa cells were primary cultured (mixed culture), which were divided into four groups: ENO1 interference expression group (RNAi), unrelated sequence group (NC), culture group (Control), transfection reagent group (Lip). The apoptosis rate and cell cycle phase of the interference group and the control group were detected by the flow cytometry. Results: ENO1 gene interference expression slowed the proliferation of granulosa cells, increased the apoptosis, and increased the proportion of granulosa cells in G2/M phase. Conclusion: ENO1 gene interference expression could cause G2/M phase arrest in primary cultured goose follicular granulosa cells, induce cell apoptosis and inhibit cell proliferation.
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Zhang L, Lu T, Yang Y, Hu L. α-enolase is highly expressed in liver cancer and promotes cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:152. [PMID: 32934720 PMCID: PMC7471668 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression levels of α-enolase, also known as enolase 1 (ENO1), in liver cancer tissues and the autoantibody levels of ENO1 in the sera of patients with liver cancer were detected to investigate the function of ENO1 in the invasion and metastasis of liver cancer, as well as its clinical diagnostic value. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to disrupt ENO1 gene expression in HepG2 and Huh7 liver cancer cells. The proliferation ability of liver cancer cells was assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8); the migration ability of liver cancer cells was assessed using scratch tests; and the migration and invasion abilities of liver cancer cells were assessed using Transwell assays. ENO1 expression in liver cancer tissues (43.8%) was significantly higher than that in benign liver lesions (15.2%) (P=0.005). The serum anti-ENO1 antibody levels in the liver cancer group were significantly higher than those in the control and benign liver lesion groups (P<0.001). After ENO1 gene interference, the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities of HepG2 and Huh7 liver cancer cells exhibited different degrees of suppression. The results revealed that ENO1 promotes liver cancer invasion and metastasis; ENO1 plays an important role in liver cancer and can be used as a potential liver cancer-associated marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Tao Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Ye Yang
- Department of Pathology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Liangfeng Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
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12
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Ji H, Niu CY, Zhang HL, Guo JR, Zhen L, Lian S, Yang C, Yang HM, Wang JF. Effects of α-enolase Gene Silencing on Reproductive-related Hormone Receptor Expression and Steroid Hormone Synthesis of Primary Granulosa Cells from Goose F1 Follicles. J Vet Res 2020; 64:141-9. [PMID: 32258811 DOI: 10.2478/jvetres-2020-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Enolases are enzymes in the glycolytic pathway, which catalyse the reversible conversion of D-2-phosphoglycerate into phosphoenol pyruvate in the second half of the pathway. In this research, the effects of α-enolase (ENO1) on steroid reproductive-related hormone receptor expression and on hormone synthesis of primary granulosa cells from goose F1 follicles were studied. Material and Methods Primary granulosa cells from the F1 follicles of eight healthy 8-month-old Zi geese were separated and cultured. An ENO1 interference expression vector was designed, constructed and transfected into primary cultured granulosa cells. The mRNA expression levels of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR), luteinising hormone receptor (LHR), oestrogen receptor α (ER α), oestrogen receptor β (ER β), growth hormone receptor (GHR) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) in the cells were evaluated as were the secretion levels of oestradiol, activin, progesterone, testosterone, inhibin and follistatin in cell supernatant. Results α-enolase gene silencing reduced the expression of FSHR, LHR, ERα, ERβ, GHR, and IGFBP-1 mRNA, potentiated the secretion of oestrogen, progesterone, testosterone, and follistatin of granulosa cells, and hampered the production of activin and inhibin. Conclusion ENO1 can regulate the reactivity of granulosa cells to reproductive hormones and regulate cell growth and development by adjusting their hormone secretion and reproductive hormone receptor expression. The study provided a better understanding of the functional action of ENO1 in the processes of goose ovary development and egg laying.
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Zheng R, Yao Q, Li X, Xu B. Long Noncoding Ribonucleic Acid SNHG18 Promotes Glioma Cell Motility via Disruption of α-Enolase Nucleocytoplasmic Transport. Front Genet 2019; 10:1140. [PMID: 31798634 PMCID: PMC6865306 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is a common malignancy with poor prognosis. Recent evidence suggests that the pathogenesis and progression of glioma involve long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Previously, we showed that glioma cell radioresistance was enhanced by lncRNA SNHG18 in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, we showed that SNHG18 promoted the invasion and migration of glioma cells. SNHG18 was demonstrated to regulate the progression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cytoskeleton remodeling, thereby affecting cell motility. Furthermore, the promotion of invasion evoked by SNHG18 overexpression could be rescued by α-enolase (ENO1) deletion. Moreover, rather than altering ENO1 expression, SNHG18 suppressed its nucleocytoplasmic transport by directly combining with ENO1 in glioma cells. The results suggested that SNHG18 inhibited the nucleocytoplasmic transport of ENO1 to promote cell motility. The results reveal the mechanism by which this lncRNA affects tumorigenesis and metastasis, forming the basis for further research that will lead to novel strategies to treat glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiwei Yao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - XiaoBo Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Benhua Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Huang Z, Lin B, Pan H, Du J, He R, Zhang S, Ouyang P. Gene expression profile analysis of ENO1 knockdown in gastric cancer cell line MGC-803. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:3881-3889. [PMID: 30930989 PMCID: PMC6425391 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer-associated mortality. In a previous study, we identified that α-enolase (ENO1) promoted cell migration in GC, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. In the present study, small interfering RNAs were identified to interfere with ENO1 expression. The cDNA expression profiling was performed using an Affymetrix mRNA array platform to identify genes that may be associated with ENO1 in human GC cell line MGC-803. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, followed by a series of bioinformatic analyses. As a result, there were 448 DEGs, among which 183 (40.85%) were downregulated. The most significant functional terms for the DEGs were the nuclear lumen for cell components (P=2.83×10−4), transcription for biological processes (P=3.7×10−7) and transcription factor activity for molecular functions (P=1.16×104). In total, six significant pathways were enriched, including the most common cancer-associated forkhead box O signaling pathway (P=0.0077), microRNAs in cancer (P=0.0183) and the cAMP signaling pathway (P=0.0415). Furthermore, a network analysis identified three hub genes (HUWE1, PPP1CB and HSPA4), which were all involved in tumor metastasis. Taken together, the DEGs, significant pathways and hub genes identified in the present study shed some light on the molecular mechanisms of ENO1 involved in the pathogenesis of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China.,Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Bode Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Jinlin Du
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Rongwei He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Shizhuo Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Ping Ouyang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
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罗 起, 符 黄, 黄 海, 黄 华, 罗 琨, 李 传, 覃 成, 栗 学, 罗 宏, 王 俊, 唐 乾. [Small interfering RNA-mediated α-enolase knockdown suppresses glycolysis and proliferation of human glioma U251 cells in vitro]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2017; 37:1484-1488. [PMID: 29180328 PMCID: PMC6779634 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-4254.2017.11.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of α-enolase (ENO1) in regulating glucose metabolism and cell growth in human glioma cells. METHODS Glucose uptake and lactate generation were assessed to evaluate the changes in glucose metabolism in human glioma U251 cells with small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated ENO1 knockdown. MTT assay and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining were used to examine the cell growth and cell cycle changes following siRNA transfection of the cells. RESULTS Transfection of U251 cells with siRNA-ENO1 markedly reduced glucose uptake (P=0.023) and lactate generation (P=0.007) in the cells and resulted in significant suppression of cell proliferation (*P<0.05) since the second day following the transfection. Transfection with siRNA-ENO1 also obviously suppressed cell cycle G1/S transition in the cells (P=0.0425). The expressions of HK2 and LDHA, the marker genes for glucose metabolism, were significantly down-regulated in the cells with siRNA-mediated ENO1 knockdown. CONCLUSION ENO1 as a potential oncogene promotes glioma cell growth by positively modulating glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- 起胜 罗
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 神经外科,广西 百色 533000Department of neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
- 湖南中医药大学中西医结合学院,湖南 长沙 410208College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan, Changsha 410208, China
| | - 黄德 符
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 神经外科,广西 百色 533000Department of neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
| | - 海能 黄
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 神经外科,广西 百色 533000Department of neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
| | - 华东 黄
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 神经外科,广西 百色 533000Department of neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
| | - 琨祥 罗
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 神经外科,广西 百色 533000Department of neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
| | - 传玉 李
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 神经外科,广西 百色 533000Department of neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
| | - 成箭 覃
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 神经外科,广西 百色 533000Department of neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
| | - 学玉 栗
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 神经外科,广西 百色 533000Department of neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
| | - 宏成 罗
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 检验科,广西 百色 533000Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
| | - 俊利 王
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 检验科,广西 百色 533000Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
| | - 乾利 唐
- 右江民族医学院附属医院 外科,广西 百色 533000Department of Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Guangxi, BaiSe 533000, China
- 湖南中医药大学中西医结合学院,湖南 长沙 410208College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan, Changsha 410208, China
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Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy often refers to the abnormal growth of heart muscle through a variety of factors. The mechanisms of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy have been extensively investigated using neonatal rat cardiomyocytes treated with phenylephrine. α-Enolase is a glycolytic enzyme with "multifunctional jobs" beyond its catalytic activity. Its possible contribution to cardiac dysfunction remains to be determined. The present study aimed to investigate the change of α-enolase during cardiac hypertrophy and explore its role in this pathological process. We revealed that mRNA and protein levels of α-enolase were significantly upregulated in hypertrophic rat heart induced by abdominal aortic constriction and in phenylephrine-treated neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, knockdown of α-enolase by RNA interference in cardiomyocytes mimicked the hypertrophic responses and aggravated phenylephrine-induced hypertrophy without reducing the total glycolytic activity of enolase. In addition, knockdown of α-enolase led to an increase of GATA4 expression in the normal and phenylephrine-treated cardiomyocytes. Our results suggest that the elevation of α-enolase during cardiac hypertrophy is compensatory. It exerts a catalytic independent role in protecting cardiomyocytes against pathological hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Gao
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, 132 East Wai-huan Road, Guangzhou, 510006 Guangdong, P.R. China.,b Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, 257 Liu-shi Road, Liuzhou, 545005 Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Ping Liu
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, 132 East Wai-huan Road, Guangzhou, 510006 Guangdong, P.R. China.,b Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, 257 Liu-shi Road, Liuzhou, 545005 Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Li-Hua Wei
- c Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, 257 Liu-shi Road, Liuzhou, 545005 Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Jing Lu
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, 132 East Wai-huan Road, Guangzhou, 510006 Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Peiqing Liu
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Higher Education Mega Center, 132 East Wai-huan Road, Guangzhou, 510006 Guangdong, P.R. China
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Bag S, Dutta D, Chaudhary A, Sing BC, Pal M, Ray AK, Banerjee R, Paul RR, Basak A, Das AK, Chatterjee J. Identification of α-enolase as a prognostic and diagnostic precancer biomarker in oral submucous fibrosis. J Clin Pathol 2017; 71:228-238. [PMID: 28821582 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2017-204430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Diagnostic ambiguities regarding the malignant potentiality of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF), an oral precancerous condition having dysplastic and non-dysplastic isoforms are the major failure for early intervention of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients. Our goal is to identify proteomic signatures from biopsies that can be used as precancer diagnostic marker for patient suffering from OSF. METHODS The high throughput techniques adopting de novo peptide sequencing (1D SDS-PAGE coupled nanoLC MALDI tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS)-based peptide mass fingerprint), immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blot (WB) and real-time PCR (RT-PCR) analysis are considered for such biomarker identification and multilevel validations. RESULTS Alpha-enolase is identified as an overexpressed protein in biopsies of oral submucous fibrosis with dysplasia (OSFWD) compared with oral submucous fibrosis without dysplasia (OSFWT) and normal oral mucosa (NOM). Total proteome analysis of an overexpressed protein band around 47 kDa of OSFWD identifies 334 peptides corresponding to 61 human proteins. Among them α-enolase is identified as a prime protein with highest number of peptides (44 out of 334 peptides) and sequence coverage (66.4%). Furthermore, RT-PCR, WB and IHC analysis also show mRNA and tissue level upregulation of α-enolase in OSFWD validating α-enolase as precancer marker. CONCLUSIONS This study for the first time identifies and validates α-enolase as a novel biomarker for early diagnosis of malignant potentiality of OSF. Hence, the identified protein marker, α-enolase can help in early therapeutic intervention of OSF patients leading to the reduction of patient's pain, treatment cost and enhancement of patient's quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swarnendu Bag
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Sikkim, South Sikkim, India
| | - Debabrata Dutta
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Amrita Chaudhary
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Bidhan Chandra Sing
- Department of Central Research Facility, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Mousumi Pal
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Guru Nanak Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Ajoy Kumar Ray
- Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, India
| | - Rita Banerjee
- Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Ranjan Rashmi Paul
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Guru Nanak Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Amit Basak
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Amit Kumar Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Jyotirmoy Chatterjee
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
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Li M, Li J, Wang J, Li Y, Yang P. Serum level of anti- α-enolase antibody in untreated systemic lupus erythematosus patients correlates with 24-hour urine protein and D-dimer. Lupus 2017; 27:139-142. [PMID: 28728510 DOI: 10.1177/0961203317721752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective The objective of this report is to evaluate the prevalence and clinico-serological correlations of anti-α-enolase antibody (Ab) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods Thirty-two untreated patients with SLE and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were evaluated by rheumatologic examinations. The serum levels of anti-α-enolase Ab were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Clinical, biochemical and serological markers of disease activity were measured by standard laboratory procedure. Results The serum levels of anti-α-enolase Ab in SLE patients were higher significantly than those in healthy controls. Moreover, patients with lupus nephritis displayed significantly higher levels of serum anti-α-enolase Ab than those without renal involvement. The serum anti-α-enolase Ab levels were positively correlated with serum whole IgG and 24-hour urine protein and negatively correlated with serum D-dimer level. Conclusion These data suggest that anti-α-enolase Ab associates with active renal disease in SLE and might reflect a state of active autoimmunity and fibrinolysis inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Li
- 1 Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - J Li
- 2 Department of Endocrine, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - J Wang
- 1 Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Li
- 1 Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - P Yang
- 1 Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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Ji H, Wang J, Guo J, Li Y, Lian S, Guo W, Yang H, Kong F, Zhen L, Guo L, Liu Y. Progress in the biological function of alpha-enolase. Anim Nutr 2016; 2:12-17. [PMID: 29767008 PMCID: PMC5941012 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-enolase (ENO1), also known as 2-phospho-D-glycerate hydrolase, is a metalloenzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 2-phosphoglyceric acid to phosphoenolpyruvic acid in the glycolytic pathway. It is a multifunctional glycolytic enzyme involved in cellular stress, bacterial and fungal infections, autoantigen activities, the occurrence and metastasis of cancer, parasitic infections, and the growth, development and reproduction of organisms. This article mainly reviews the basic characteristics and biological functions of ENO1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Huanmin Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
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Cappello P, Tonoli E, Curto R, Giordano D, Giovarelli M, Novelli F. Anti- α-enolase antibody limits the invasion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and attenuates their restraining effector T cell response. Oncoimmunology 2015; 5:e1112940. [PMID: 27467915 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2015.1112940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDA) is a very aggressive tumor for which effective therapeutical strategies are still lacking. Globally, the 5 y survival rate is 5-7% and surgery is the only potentially curative treatment. Immunotherapy represents a novel possibility for treating PDA, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), which are increased in cancer patients and correlate with metastatic burden and cancer stage, offer a new target in cancer therapy. We have previously shown that antibodies against the PDA-associated antigen α-enolase (ENO1) are detected in more than 60% of PDA patients and correlate with a better prognosis. Furthermore, ENO1-DNA vaccination in mice induced anti-ENO1 antibodies that mediated antitumor activity. In this study, the effects of anti-ENO1 binding on MDSC functions and on the T cell response were evaluated. Here, we show that MDSC express ENO1 on their surface, which increased after LPS stimulation. Moreover, anti-ENO1 mAb inhibited adhesion to endothelial cells, as well as in vitro and in vivo migration. Similarly, after ENO1 mAb treatment of MDSC, arginase activity decreased, while the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (particularly IL-6) increased, and co-stimulatory molecule expression and suppression functions were only partially affected. Finally, we found that activated T cells in the presence of anti-ENO1 mAb-treated MDSC increased IFNγ and IL-17 secretion and decreased IL-10 and TGFβ secretion compared to control MDSC. In conclusion, anti-ENO1 antibodies may inhibit in vivo the infiltration into the tumor microenvironment of MDSC, and attenuate their restraining of effector T cell response, opening a new perspective to render PDA immunotherapy more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Cappello
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies, University Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy; Molecular Biotechnology Center, via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Tonoli
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies, University Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Roberta Curto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies, University Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Daniele Giordano
- Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies, University Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Mirella Giovarelli
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies, University Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy; Molecular Biotechnology Center, via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Francesco Novelli
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies, University Hospital Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy; Molecular Biotechnology Center, via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy; Transplant Immunology Service, University Hospital Cità della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
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Wang J, Wang K, Chen D, Geng Y, Huang X, He Y, Ji L, Liu T, Wang E, Yang Q, Lai W. Cloning and Characterization of Surface-Localized α-Enolase of Streptococcus iniae, an Effective Protective Antigen in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:14490-510. [PMID: 26121302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160714490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus iniae is a major fish pathogen that can also cause human bacteremia, cellulitis and meningitis. Screening for and identification of protective antigens plays an important role in developing therapies against S. iniae infections. In this study, we indicated that the α-enolase of S. iniae was not only distributed in the cytoplasm and associated to cell walls, but was also secreted to the bacterial cell surface. The functional identity of the purified recombinant α-enolase protein was verified by its ability to catalyze the conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate (2-PGE) to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), and both the recombinant and native proteins interacted with human plasminogen. The rabbit anti-rENO serum blockade assay shows that α-enolase participates in S. iniae adhesion to and invasion of BHK-21 cells. In addition, the recombinant α-enolase can confer effective protection against S. iniae infection in mice, which suggests that α-enolase has potential as a vaccine candidate in mammals. We conclude that S. iniae α-enolase is a moonlighting protein that also associates with the bacterial outer surface and functions as a protective antigen in mice.
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Liu YQ, Huang ZG, Li GN, Du JL, Ou YP, Zhang XN, Chen TT, Liang QL. Effects of α-enolase (ENO1) over-expression on malignant biological behaviors of AGS cells. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:231-239. [PMID: 25784992 PMCID: PMC4358447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of α-Enolase (ENO1) over-expression on the proliferative and migratory abilities of AGS cells. METHODS The target gene was cloned and mounted to the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1(+), then was transfected into gastric cancer cell lines AGS. mRNA and protein level of ENO1 in AGS cells were verified by real-time quantitative RT-PCR and Western Blot, respectively. The effects of over-expression of ENO1 on proliferative and migratory abilities of AGS cells were detected by the experiments of CCK-8, colony formation and wound healing assays. RESULTS The eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1(+)/eno1 was successfully constructed, and verified by sequencing. It was shown from the cell proliferation curves that the proliferative ability of AGS-ENO1 transfected group was higher than that of the control group after 72 hours (t = 3.44, P = 0.04), meanwhile, the number of the cell-colonies of the AGS-ENO1 group were significantly greater than that of the control group (t = 5.26, P = 0.01). For the ability of migration, it was significantly enhanced in the over-expression ENO1 cells than in the negative cells (t = 7.35, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The over-expression of ENO1 protein can enhance the abilities of proliferation and migration in gastric cancer cells of AGS, which indicates that ENO1 may be an important potential tumor-marker associated with the development of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Qi Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical CollegeDongguan 523808, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical CollegeDongguan 523808, China
| | - Ge-Nan Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical CollegeDongguan 523808, China
| | - Jin-Lin Du
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical CollegeDongguan 523808, China
| | - Yang-Ping Ou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical CollegeDongguan 523808, China
| | - Xiang-Ning Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical CollegeDongguan 523808, China
| | - Ting-Ting Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical CollegeDongguan 523808, China
| | - Qi-Lian Liang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical CollegeZhanjiang 524001, China
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Shi J, Li Y, Yang X, Yang D, Zhang Y, Liu Y. Upregulation of α-enolase in acute rejection of cardiac transplant in rat model: implications for the secretion of interleukin-17. Pediatr Transplant 2014; 18:575-85. [PMID: 25041443 DOI: 10.1111/petr.12306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Acute allograft rejection remains a major problem in solid organ transplantation. The enzyme α-enolase has been shown to induce an immune response in cardiac transplantation. In this study, we investigated the role of α-enolase in acute allograft rejection in a rat model of heart transplantation. Hearts from either (WF: RT1(u) ) or (Lew: RT1(1) ) rats were transplanted into (Lew: RT1(1) ) rats. No rejection occurred in the isograft group, for which the median survival time was >168 days, whereas the median survival time of the allograft group was significantly less at 10 ± 2.1 days (n = 8 per group, p < 0.001). Increased inflammation was observed in allografts, including increased α-enolase expression and increased numbers of infiltrating CD4(+) T cells (p < 0.05). By immunohistochemical staining, we confirmed that α-enolase was expressed not only in myocardial cells but also in the infiltrating lymphocytes. However, on the fifth day after transplantation, α-enolase expression was no longer observed in the lymphocytes (n = 3, p < 0.001). In contrast, no lymphocytes were found in isografts after transplantation (n = 3, p < 0.001). α-enolase expression was increased in lymphocytes, which are implicated in the acute rejection of cardiac transplants. Intragraft α-enolase inhibition may be useful as an adjuvant therapy to systemic immunosuppression in heart transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahai Shi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Abstract
We have recently demonstrated that the administration of a plasmid coding for α-enolase can elicit robust immune responses in genetically engineered mice that spontaneously develop pancreatic cancer, resulting in a significant improvement of their survival. This approach provides a springboard for the elaboration of new forms of immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Cappello
- Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS); Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino; University of Torino; Torino, Italy ; Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences; University of Torino; Torino, Italy
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Georges E, Bonneau AM, Prinos P. RNAi-mediated knockdown of α-enolase increases the sensitivity of tumor cells to antitubulin chemotherapeutics. Int J Biochem Mol Biol 2011; 2:303-308. [PMID: 22187664 PMCID: PMC3242425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The over-expression of α-enolase was demonstrated in several cancers, including lung, brain, breast, colon and prostate. In this report, we investigated the effects of α-enolase knockdown on the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. RNAi-mediated knockdown of α-enolase in A549 and H460 lung, MCF7 breast and CaOV3 ovarian cancer cells caused a significant increase in the sensitivity of these cells to antitubulin chemotherapeutics (e.g., vincristine and taxol), but not to doxorubicin, etoposide or cisplatinum. This is the first demonstration showing the effects of α-enolase expression on the sensitivity of tumor cells to clinically relevant chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Georges
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill UniversityMontreal, QuebecCanada
| | - Anne-Marie Bonneau
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill UniversityMontreal, QuebecCanada
- AnexChem Inc. 333 St-Martin Blv. West, Laval, QuebecCanada
| | - Panagiotis Prinos
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill UniversityMontreal, QuebecCanada
- Department. de microbiology et infetiologieUniversite de Sherbrook, Sherbrook, QuebecCanada
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Hiura Y, Nakanishi T, Tanioka M, Takubo T, Moriwaki S. Identification of Autoantibodies for α and γ-Enolase in Serum from a Patient with Melanoma. Jpn Clin Med 2011; 2:35-41. [PMID: 23885189 PMCID: PMC3699451 DOI: 10.4137/jcm.s6256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is one of lethal malignant skin tumors and the sole effective cure for the disease can be achieved by surgical resection of primary tumor and early diagnosis for melanoma is crucial for patients’ prognosis. Detection of novel tumor-related antibodies would aid in the diagnosis of early-stage cancer, in the detection of recurrence and in the development of a more effective immunotherapy. In the middle of the exploration of a candidate of biomarker for melanoma by proteomics-base technique, we encountered the coexistence of autoantibodies for α-enolase and γ-enolase in serum derived from a patient with melanoma, who had received the repeated treatments with alkylating agents and interferon β. Although melanoma is known to be a highly antigenic tumor, it is still unclear why these autoantibodies appeared. To evaluate the usefulness in detecting the circulating α-enolase or γ-enolase autoantibodies in serum from melanoma patients for biomarkers for tumor progression, more studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yui Hiura
- Department of Dermatology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki-city, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
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Kabosova A, Kramerov AA, Aoki AM, Murphy G, Zieske JD, Ljubimov AV. Human diabetic corneas preserve wound healing, basement membrane, integrin and MMP-10 differences from normal corneas in organ culture. Exp Eye Res 2003; 77:211-7. [PMID: 12873452 PMCID: PMC2909880 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-4835(03)00111-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The authors have previously documented decreased epithelial basement membrane (BM) components and alpha3beta1 epithelial integrin, and increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-10 in corneas of patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) compared to normal corneas. The purpose of this study was to examine if organ-cultured DR corneas exhibited the same alterations in wound healing and diabetic marker distribution as the autopsy DR corneas. Twenty normal and 17 DR corneas were organ-cultured in serum-free medium over agar-collagen gel at the air-liquid interface for up to 45 days. Circular 5 mm central epithelial wounds were made with n-heptanol, the procedure that will preserve fragile diabetic corneal BM. Wound healing was monitored microscopically every 12 hr. Distribution of diabetic corneal epithelial markers including laminin-10 alpha5 chain, nidogen-1/entactin, integrin alpha3beta1, and MMP-10, was examined by immunofluorescence. Normal corneas healed the central epithelial defect within 3 days (mean=2.3 days), whereas DR corneas on average healed about two times slower (mean=4.5 days). In wounded and completely healed organ-cultured corneas, the patterns of studied markers were the same as in the unwounded organ-cultured corneas. This concerned both normal and DR corneas. As in vivo, normal organ-cultured corneas had continuous staining for laminin-10 and nidogen-1/entactin in the epithelial BM, strong and homogeneous staining for both chains of alpha3beta1 integrin in epithelial cells, and little if any staining for MMP-10. Organ-cultured DR corneas also had marker patterns specific for in vivo DR corneas: interrupted to no staining for laminin-10 and nidogen-1/entactin in the epithelial BM, areas of weak or disorganized alpha3beta1 integrin in epithelial cells, and significant MMP-10 staining in the epithelium and keratocytes. Fibrotic extracellular matrix and myofibroblast markers were largely absent. Thus, epithelial wound healing was much slower in organ-cultured DR corneas than in normal corneas, in complete accordance with clinical data in diabetic patients. DR corneas in organ culture preserved the same marker abnormalities as in vivo. The marker distribution was unchanged in wounded and healed organ-cultured corneas, compared to unwounded corneas. The established corneal organ culture provides an adequate system for elucidating mechanisms of epithelial alterations in human DR corneas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Kabosova
- Ophthalmology Research Laboratories, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Burns and Allen Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrei A. Kramerov
- Ophthalmology Research Laboratories, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Burns and Allen Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Annette M. Aoki
- Ophthalmology Research Laboratories, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Burns and Allen Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gillian Murphy
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - James D. Zieske
- Schepens Eye Research Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexander V. Ljubimov
- Ophthalmology Research Laboratories, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Burns and Allen Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Corresponding author. Ophthalmology Research Laboratories, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Davis Building, Room 2025, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA. (A.V. Ljubimov)
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Abstract
MN is characterized by the glomerular deposition of IgG4 immune complexes. This suggests that nephritogenic immune responses in MN are of the Th2 T helper cell type; however, the pathogenesis of MN is still unknown. In this study we examined sera from patients with primary MN for antibodies to renal proteins. A 47-kD protein in both human and porcine renal extracts was found by immunoblotting to react specifically with serum IgG from some patients. This protein was purified from porcine kidney and identified as alpha-enolase on the basis of its partial amino acid sequences. Sera from 87 patients with primary MN, 24 patients with secondary MN (15 rheumatoid arthritis patients, nine systemic lupus erythematosus patients), and 16 healthy subjects were examined by ELISA using purified alpha-enolase. In 60 (69%) patients with primary MN and 14 (58%) patients with secondary MN, the measured optical density values, and hence serum anti-alpha-enolase antibody levels, were greater than the mean + 2 s.d. of healthy subjects. Immunoblot analysis showed that IgG1 or IgG3 was the predominant subclass (Th1 T helper cell type subclass) of antibodies against alpha-enolase in patients with primary and secondary MN. Since circulating antibodies against alpha-enolase have recently been reported in patients with various autoimmune disorders, our results suggest that a number of patients with presumed primary MN may also have abnormalities in Th1 T helper cell-mediated immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wakui
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
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Orth T, Kellner R, Diekmann O, Faust J, Meyer zum Büschenfelde KH, Mayet WJ. Identification and characterization of autoantibodies against catalase and alpha-enolase in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis. Clin Exp Immunol 1998; 112:507-15. [PMID: 9649223 PMCID: PMC1904984 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.1998.00583.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease of unknown aetiology. Recent studies have shown that genetic factors and both cellular and humoral immunological abnormalities are important in the pathogenesis of PSC. The most prominent autoantibodies in PSC are anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA). The autoepitopes of ANCA in PSC are not well defined. The aim of this study was to identify corresponding ANCA autoantigens in patients with PSC. A biochemical approach with enrichment and partial purification of soluble neutrophil proteins, detection of autoantibodies by Western blot and partial amino acid sequencing were used. Two new autoantigen/autoantibody systems in patients with PSC were detected: catalase and alpha-enolase. The presence of catalase autoantibodies in 9/15 (60%) and alpha-enolase autoantibodies in 4/15 (27%) was confirmed by ELISA and Western blot. Furthermore, we showed immunoreactions of PSC sera with human biliary epithelial cells, showed the reduction of fluorescence in anti-catalase absorption experiments and observed partial co-localization of anti-catalase antibodies and PSC sera in double-staining experiments on biliary epithelial cells. The anti-catalase antibody-positive PSC patients had a more severe course of disease with a significantly higher alkaline phosphatase compared with the anti-catalase-negative PSC patients (P < 0.06). All ulcerative colitis control sera were anti-catalase antibody-negative. The identified antigens catalase and alpha-enolase can partly explain the ANCA fluorescence on ethanol-fixed and formaldehyde-fixed granulocytes in patients with PSC. Catalase is an important anti-oxidant enzyme and prevents cell damage from highly reactive oxygen-derived free radicals. Catalase autoantibodies might play a pathogenic role in patients with PSC. Our findings support the hypothesis that oxidative stress is one of the pathogenic mechanisms in patients with PSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Orth
- I. Medizinische Klinik, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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Roozendaal C, Zhao MH, Horst G, Lockwood CM, Kleibeuker JH, Limburg PC, Nelis GF, Kallenberg CG. Catalase and alpha-enolase: two novel granulocyte autoantigens in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Clin Exp Immunol 1998; 112:10-6. [PMID: 9566783 PMCID: PMC1904946 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.1998.00528.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In IBD, the target antigens of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA) have not been fully identified, which limits the analysis of the diagnostic significance as well as of the possible pathophysiological role of these antibodies. In this study, we identify the target antigens of ANCA in large groups of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Apart from antibodies against lactoferrin and bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI), which have been reported before, antibodies against two novel granulocyte antigens were identified: antibodies against a 57/56-kD doublet were found in 38% of samples from UC patients and in 26% of samples from CD patients, whereas antibodies against a 47-kD protein were found in 10% of samples from UC patients and in 18% of samples from CD patients. Partial purification and amino acid sequence analysis identified the 57-kD protein as catalase and the 47-kD protein as alpha-enolase. This study is the first to report catalase and alpha-enolase as granulocyte antigens for autoantibodies in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Roozendaal
- Department of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands
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