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Ganesh Kumar A, Manisha D, Nivedha Rajan N, Sujitha K, Magesh Peter D, Kirubagaran R, Dharani G. Biodegradation of phenanthrene by piezotolerant Bacillus subtilis EB1 and genomic insights for bioremediation. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 194:115151. [PMID: 37453166 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
A marine strain B. subtilis EB1, isolated from Equator water, showed excellent degradation towards a wide range of hydrocarbons. Degradation studies revealed dense growth with 93 % and 83 % removal of phenanthrene within 72 h at 0.1 and 20 MPa, respectively. The identification of phenanthrene degradation metabolites by GC-MS combined with its whole genome analysis provided the pathway involved in the degradation process. Whole genome sequencing indicated a genome size of 3,983,989 bp with 4331 annotated genes. The genome provided the genetic compartments, which includes monooxygenase, dioxygenase, dehydrogenase, biosurfactant synthesis catabolic genes for the biodegradation of aromatic compounds. Detailed COG and KEGG pathway analysis confirmed the genes involved in the oxygenation reaction of hydrocarbons, piezotolerance, siderophores, chemotaxis and transporter systems which were specific to adaptation for survival in extreme marine habitat. The results of this study will be a key to design an optimal bioremediation strategy for oil contaminated extreme marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ganesh Kumar
- Marine Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Government of India, Chennai 600100, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - D Manisha
- Marine Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Government of India, Chennai 600100, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Nivedha Rajan
- Marine Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Government of India, Chennai 600100, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Sujitha
- Marine Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Government of India, Chennai 600100, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D Magesh Peter
- Marine Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Government of India, Chennai 600100, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Kirubagaran
- Marine Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Government of India, Chennai 600100, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - G Dharani
- Marine Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Government of India, Chennai 600100, Tamil Nadu, India
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Seib T, Fischer K, Sturm AM, Stephan D. Investigation on the Influence of Production and Incubation Temperature on the Growth, Virulence, Germination, and Conidial Size of Metarhizium brunneum for Granule Development. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:668. [PMID: 37367604 DOI: 10.3390/jof9060668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Important for the infection of an insect with an entomopathogenic fungus and its use as a plant protection agent are its growth, conidiation, germination, and virulence, which all depend on the environmental temperature. We investigated not only the effect of environmental temperature but also that of production temperature of the fungus. For this purpose, Metarhizium brunneum JKI-BI-1450 was produced and incubated at different temperatures, and the factors mentioned as well as conidial size were determined. The temperature at which the fungus was produced affects its subsequent growth and conidiation on granule formulation, the speed of germination, and the conidial width, but not its final germination or virulence. The growth and conidiation was at its highest when the fungus was produced at 25 °C, whereas when the germination was faster, the warmer the fungus was produced. The incubation temperature optimum of JKI-BI-1450 in relation to growth, speed of germination, and survival time was 25-30 °C and for conidiation 20-25 °C. Conidial length decreased with increasing incubation temperature. Although the fungus could not be adapted to unfavorable conditions by the production temperature, it was found that the quality of a biological control agent based on entomopathogenic fungi can be positively influenced by its production temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Seib
- Julius Kühn-Institute, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Biological Control, Schwabenheimerstraße 101, 69221 Dossenheim, Germany
| | - Katharina Fischer
- Julius Kühn-Institute, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Biological Control, Schwabenheimerstraße 101, 69221 Dossenheim, Germany
| | - Anna Maria Sturm
- Technical University Darmstadt, Department Biologie, Schnittspahnstraße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Dietrich Stephan
- Julius Kühn-Institute, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Biological Control, Schwabenheimerstraße 101, 69221 Dossenheim, Germany
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Wang Y, Li X, Chen X, Kulyar MFEA, Duan K, Li H, Bhutta ZA, Wu Y, Li K. Gut Fungal Microbiome Responses to Natural Cryptosporidium Infection in Horses. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:877280. [PMID: 35875530 PMCID: PMC9298756 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.877280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is critical to characterize changes in the structure and composition of the host fungal community in natural Cryptosporidium infection, because it gives the possible overview of gut microbiome in host homeostasis and disease progression. A total of 168 rectal fecal samples were collected and examined using nPCR. The positive samples were double-checked using 18S rDNA high-throughput sequencing. After confirmation, ITS high-throughput sequencing was utilized to investigate the fungal community’s response to natural Cryptosporidium infection. Results showed that a total of three positive samples (1.79%) were identified with an increased abundance of fungi associated with health hazards, such as class Dothideomycetes, families, i.e., Cladosporiaceae, Glomerellaceae, and genera, i.e., Wickerhamomyces, Talaromyces, Cladosporium, Dactylonectria, and Colletotrichum. On the contrary, taxa associated with favorable physiological effects on the host were shown to have the reverse impact, such as families, i.e., Psathyrellaceae, Pseudeurotiaceae and genera (Beauveria, Nigrospora, and Diversispora). For the first time, we evaluated the condition of natural Cryptosporidium infection in horses in Wuhan, China, and discovered distinct variations in the fungal microbiome in response to natural infection. It might prompt a therapy or prevention strategy to apply specific fungal microorganisms that are probably responsible for decreased susceptibility or increased resistance to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuwen Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiushuang Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Kun Duan
- China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huade Li
- Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Zeeshan Ahmad Bhutta
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Yi Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kun Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Landeta-Salgado C, Cicatiello P, Stanzione I, Medina D, Berlanga Mora I, Gomez C, Lienqueo ME. The growth of marine fungi on seaweed polysaccharides produces cerato-platanin and hydrophobin self-assembling proteins. Microbiol Res 2021; 251:126835. [PMID: 34399103 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2021.126835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The marine fungi Paradendryphiela salina and Talaromyces pinophilus degrade and assimilate complex substrates from plants and seaweed. Additionally, these fungi secrete surface-active proteins, identified as cerato-platanins and hydrophobins. These hydrophobic proteins have the ability to self-assemble forming amyloid-like aggregates and play an essential role in the growth and development of the filamentous fungi. It is the first time that one cerato-platanin (CP) is identified and isolated from P. salina (PsCP) and two Class I hydrophobins (HFBs) from T. pinophilus (TpHYD1 and TpHYD2). Furthermore, it is possible to extract cerato-platanins and hydrophobins using marine fungi that can feed on seaweed biomass, and through a submerged liquid fermentation process. The propensity to aggregate of these proteins has been analyzed using different techniques such as Thioflavin T fluorescence assay, Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy, and Atomic Force Microscopy. Here, we show that the formation of aggregates of PsCP and TpHYD, was influenced by the carbon source from seaweed. This study highlighted the potential of these self-assembling proteins generated from a fermentation process with marine fungi and with promising properties such as conformational plasticity with extensive applications in biotechnology, pharmacy, nanotechnology, and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Landeta-Salgado
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology, and Materials, Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Beauchef 851, 8370456, Chile; Center for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (CeBiB), Santiago, Beauchef 851, 8370456, Chile
| | - Paola Cicatiello
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Ilaria Stanzione
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - David Medina
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology, and Materials, Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Beauchef 851, 8370456, Chile; Center for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (CeBiB), Santiago, Beauchef 851, 8370456, Chile
| | - Isadora Berlanga Mora
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology, and Materials, Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Beauchef 851, 8370456, Chile
| | - Carlos Gomez
- Chemistry Department, University of Valle-Yumbo, Valle del Cauca, 760501, Colombia
| | - María Elena Lienqueo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology, and Materials, Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Beauchef 851, 8370456, Chile; Center for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (CeBiB), Santiago, Beauchef 851, 8370456, Chile.
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Calado MDL, Silva J, Alves C, Susano P, Santos D, Alves J, Martins A, Gaspar H, Pedrosa R, Campos MJ. Marine endophytic fungi associated with Halopteris scoparia (Linnaeus) Sauvageau as producers of bioactive secondary metabolites with potential dermocosmetic application. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250954. [PMID: 33983974 PMCID: PMC8118457 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine fungi and, particularly, endophytic species have been recognised as one of the most prolific sources of structurally new and diverse bioactive secondary metabolites with multiple biotechnological applications. Despite the increasing number of bioprospecting studies, very few have already evaluated the cosmeceutical potential of marine fungal compounds. Thus, this study focused on a frequent seaweed in the Portuguese coast, Halopteris scoparia, to identify the endophytic marine fungi associated with this host, and assess their ability to biosynthesise secondary metabolites with antioxidative, enzymatic inhibitory (hyaluronidase, collagenase, elastase and tyrosinase), anti-inflammatory, photoprotective, and antimicrobial (Cutibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Malassezia furfur) activities. The results revealed eight fungal taxa included in the Ascomycota, and in the most representative taxonomic classes in marine ecosystems (Eurotiomycetes, Sordariomycetes and Dothideomycetes). These fungi were reported for the first time in Portugal and in association with H. scoparia, as far as it is known. The screening analyses showed that most of these endophytic fungi were producers of compounds with relevant biological activities, though those biosynthesised by Penicillium sect. Exilicaulis and Aspergillus chevalieri proved to be the most promising ones for being further exploited by dermocosmetic industry. The chemical analysis of the crude extract from an isolate of A. chevalieri revealed the presence of two bioactive compounds, echinulin and neoechinulin A, which might explain the high antioxidant and UV photoprotective capacities exhibited by the extract. These noteworthy results emphasised the importance of screening the secondary metabolites produced by these marine endophytic fungal strains for other potential bioactivities, and the relevance of investing more efforts in understanding the ecology of halo/osmotolerant fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria da Luz Calado
- MARE–Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Joana Silva
- MARE–Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Celso Alves
- MARE–Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Susano
- MARE–Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Débora Santos
- MARE–Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Joana Alves
- MARE–Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Alice Martins
- MARE–Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Helena Gaspar
- MARE–Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
- MARE–Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Rui Pedrosa
- BioISI–Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria Jorge Campos
- BioISI–Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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Ganesh Kumar A, Manisha D, Sujitha K, Magesh Peter D, Kirubagaran R, Dharani G. Genome sequence analysis of deep sea Aspergillus sydowii BOBA1 and effect of high pressure on biodegradation of spent engine oil. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9347. [PMID: 33931710 PMCID: PMC8087790 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88525-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A deep-sea fungus Aspergillus sydowii BOBA1 isolated from marine sediment at a depth of 3000 m was capable of degrading spent engine (SE) oil. The response of immobilized fungi towards degradation at elevated pressure was studied in customized high pressure reactors without any deviation in simulating in situ deep-sea conditions. The growth rate of A. sydowii BOBA1 in 0.1 MPa was significantly different from the growth at 10 MPa pressure. The degradation percentage reached 71.2 and 82.5% at atmospheric and high pressure conditions, respectively, within a retention period of 21 days. The complete genome sequence of BOBA1 consists of 38,795,664 bp in size, comprises 2582 scaffolds with predicted total coding genes of 18,932. A total of 16,247 genes were assigned with known functions and many families found to have a potential role in PAHs and xenobiotic compound metabolism. Functional genes controlling the pathways of hydrocarbon and xenobiotics compound degrading enzymes such as dioxygenase, decarboxylase, hydrolase, reductase and peroxidase were identified. The spectroscopic and genomic analysis revealed the presence of combined catechol, gentisate and phthalic acid degradation pathway. These results of degradation and genomic studies evidenced that this deep-sea fungus could be employed to develop an eco-friendly mycoremediation technology to combat the oil polluted marine environment. This study expands our knowledge on piezophilic fungi and offer insight into possibilities about the fate of SE oil in deep-sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Ganesh Kumar
- grid.454780.a0000 0001 0683 2228Marine Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Government of India, Chennai, 600100 Tamil Nadu India
| | - D. Manisha
- grid.454780.a0000 0001 0683 2228Marine Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Government of India, Chennai, 600100 Tamil Nadu India
| | - K. Sujitha
- grid.454780.a0000 0001 0683 2228Marine Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Government of India, Chennai, 600100 Tamil Nadu India
| | - D. Magesh Peter
- grid.454780.a0000 0001 0683 2228Marine Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Government of India, Chennai, 600100 Tamil Nadu India
| | - R. Kirubagaran
- grid.454780.a0000 0001 0683 2228Marine Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Government of India, Chennai, 600100 Tamil Nadu India
| | - G. Dharani
- grid.454780.a0000 0001 0683 2228Marine Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Government of India, Chennai, 600100 Tamil Nadu India
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Lotfy MM, Sayed AM, AboulMagd AM, Hassan HM, El Amir D, Abouzid SF, El-Gendy AO, Rateb ME, Abdelmohsen UR, Alhadrami H, Mohammed R. Metabolomic profiling, biological evaluation of Aspergillus awamori, the river Nile-derived fungus using epigenetic and OSMAC approaches. RSC Adv 2021; 11:6709-6719. [PMID: 35423214 PMCID: PMC8694877 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07578g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
LC-HRMS-based metabolomics approach was applied to the river Nile-derived fungus Aspergillus awamori after its fermentation on four different media and using four epigenetic modifiers as elicitors. Thereafter, a comprehensive multivariate statistical analysis such as PCA, PLS-DA and OPLS-DA were employed to explain the generated metabolomic data (1587 features). PCA showed that the fungus displayed a unique chemical profile in each medium or elicitor. Additionally, PLS-DA results revealed the upregulated metabolites under each of these conditions. Results indicated that both rice and malt dextrose agar were recognized as the best media in terms of secondary metabolites diversity and showed better profiles than the four applied epigenetic modifiers, of which nicotinamide was the best secondary metabolite elicitor. Testing the antibacterial and cytotoxic effects of all A. awamori-derived extracts revealed that using epigenetic modifiers can induce antimicrobial metabolites against S. aureus and E. coli, whereas using rice, malt dextrose or nicotinamide can induce groups of cytotoxic metabolites. OPLS-DA results assisted in the putative identification of the induced metabolites that could be responsible for these observed inhibitory activities. This study highlighted how powerful the OSMAC approach in maximizing of the chemical diversity of a single organism. Furthermore, it revealed the power of metabolomics in tracing, profiling and categorizing such chemical diversity and even targeting the possible bioactive candidates which require further scaling up studies in the future. LC-HRMS-based metabolomics approach was applied to the river Nile-derived fungus Aspergillus awamori after its fermentation on four different media and using four epigenetic modifiers as elicitors.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Momen M Lotfy
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University Beni-Suef 62111 Egypt +20 1202442204
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University Beni-Suef 62513 Egypt
| | - Asmaa M AboulMagd
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University Beni-Suef 62513 Egypt
| | - Hossam M Hassan
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University Beni-Suef 62111 Egypt +20 1202442204.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University Beni-Suef 62513 Egypt
| | - Dalia El Amir
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University Beni-Suef 62111 Egypt +20 1202442204
| | - Sameh F Abouzid
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University Beni-Suef 62111 Egypt +20 1202442204
| | - Ahmed O El-Gendy
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University Beni-Suef 62111 Egypt
| | - Mostafa E Rateb
- School of Computing, Engineering & Physical Science, University of the West of Scotland Paisley PA1 2BE Scotland UK
| | - Usama R Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University Minia 61519 Egypt.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University 7 Universities Zone 61111 New Minia City Egypt.,Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University Abha 61441 Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani Alhadrami
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, King Abdulaziz University P.O. Box 80402 Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia.,Special Infectious Agent Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Centre P.O. Box 80402 Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabab Mohammed
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University Beni-Suef 62111 Egypt +20 1202442204
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Molecular profiling of marine endophytic fungi from green algae: Assessment of antibacterial and anticancer activities. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Bioprospecting of Bioactive Metabolites from Monochaetia karstenii. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.14.2.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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10
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Supaphon P, Preedanon S. Evaluation of in vitro alpha-glucosidase inhibitory, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities of secondary metabolites from the endophytic fungus, Nigrospora sphaerica, isolated from Helianthus annuus. ANN MICROBIOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-019-01523-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate alpha-glucosidase inhibition and antimicrobial activity as well as cytotoxic activity of extracts from the endophytic fungus, Nigrospora sp., isolated from leaves of Helianthus annuus, which is widely cultivated for food and used as a medicinal plant.
Methods
The fungus (TSU-CS003) was identified based on internal transcribed spacer ribosomal DNA sequences and fungal biomass, and fermentation broth was subjected to extraction by solvents (hexane and ethyl acetate). All extracts were tested for their antimicrobial activity, alpha-glucosidase inhibition, and cytotoxicity activity. In addition, the active extract was analyzed by using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS)
Results
TSU-CS003 was identified as Nigrospora sphaerica. The fermentation broth extract (BE) showed strong antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (Gram-positive bacteria) with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values in the range of 16–32 μg/mL and a few yeasts with MIC values ranging from 64 to 128 μg/mL, especially Talaromyces marneffei with an MIC value of 4 μg/mL. The effects of BE were observed by SEM. The results showed that this extract affected the cell morphology of T. marneffei. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of BE from alpha-glucosidase inhibition was recorded as 17.25 μg/mL and also showed significant cytotoxicity against A549 human cancer cell lines with an IC50 value of 22.41 μg/mL. Furthermore, BE was analyzed by using GC-MS and divided into three main compounds, including 5-pentyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one, (Z)-methyl 4-(isobutyryloxy)but-3-enoate, and 2-phenylacetic acid.
Conclusion
This was the first report of the endophytic fungus N. sphaerica from H. annuus. It is a potential source of active metabolites, which gave the strong antifungal activity, antioxidant activity, and cytotoxicity to A549 cancer cell lines.
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Suwannarach N, Kumla J, Watanabe B, Matsui K, Lumyong S. Characterization of melanin and optimal conditions for pigment production by an endophytic fungus, Spissiomyces endophytica SDBR-CMU319. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222187. [PMID: 31498821 PMCID: PMC6733467 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanin is a natural pigment that is produced by filamentous fungi. In this study, the endophytic species, Spissiomyces endophytica (strain SDBR-CMU319), produced a brown-black pigment in the mycelia. Consequently, the pigment was extracted from the dried fungal biomass. This was followed by pigment purification, characterization and identification. Physical and chemical characteristics of the pigment showed acid precipitation, alkali solubilization, decolorization with oxidizing agents, and insolubility in most organic solvents and water. The pigment was confirmed as melanin based on ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectra analyses. The analyses of the elemental composition indicated that the pigment possessed a low percentage of nitrogen, and therefore, was not 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine melanin. Inhibition studies involving specific inhibitors, both tricyclazole and phthalide, and suggest that fungal melanin could be synthesized through the 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene pathway. The optimum conditions for fungal pigment production from this species were investigated. The highest fungal pigment yield was observed in glucose yeast extract peptone medium at an initial pH value of 6.0 and at 25°C over three weeks of cultivation. This is the first report on the production and characterization of melanin obtained from the genus Spissiomyces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nakarin Suwannarach
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Jaturong Kumla
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Bunta Watanabe
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Matsui
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation (Agriculture), Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Saisamorn Lumyong
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand
- * E-mail:
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Suwannarach N, Kumla J, Nishizaki Y, Sugimoto N, Meerak J, Matsui K, Lumyong S. Optimization and characterization of red pigment production from an endophytic fungus, Nigrospora aurantiaca CMU-ZY2045, and its potential source of natural dye for use in textile dyeing. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:6973-6987. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09926-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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13
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Ganesh Kumar A, Balamurugan K, Vijaya Raghavan R, Dharani G, Kirubagaran R. Studies on the antifungal and serotonin receptor agonist activities of the secondary metabolites from piezotolerant deep-sea fungus Ascotricha sp. Mycology 2019; 10:92-108. [PMID: 31069123 PMCID: PMC6493281 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2018.1541934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The potent antifungal agent sesquiterpenes and serotonin 5-HT2C agonist ascotricin were produced by a newly isolated deep-sea fungus Ascotricha sp. This fungus was isolated from deep-sea sediment collected at a depth of 1235 m and characterized. Piezotolerance was successfully tested under high pressure-low temperature (100 bar pressure and 20ºC) microbial cultivation system. Production of secondary metabolites was enhanced at optimized culture conditions. The in-vivo antifungal activity of sesquiterpenes was studied using the Caenorhabditis elegans – Candida albicans model system. The sesquiterpenes affected the virulence of C. albicans and prolonged the life of the host C. elegans. These findings suggest that sesquiterpenes are attractive antifungal drug candidates. The 5-HT2C receptor agonist is a potential target for the development of drugs for a range of central nervous system disorders. The interaction of 5-HT2C agonist ascotricin with the receptor was studied through bioinformatic analysis. The in silico molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation studies demonstrated that they fit into the serotonin 5-HT2C active site and the crucial amino acid residues involved in the interactions were identified. To our knowledge, this is first report of in vivo antifungal analysis of sesquiterpenes and in silico studies of serotonin 5-HT2C receptor-ascotricin complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ganesh Kumar
- Marine Biotechnology Division, Ocean Science and Technology for Islands Group, ESSO - National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Government of India, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - K Balamurugan
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamilnadu, India
| | - R Vijaya Raghavan
- Marine Biotechnology Division, Ocean Science and Technology for Islands Group, ESSO - National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Government of India, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - G Dharani
- Marine Biotechnology Division, Ocean Science and Technology for Islands Group, ESSO - National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Government of India, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - R Kirubagaran
- Marine Biotechnology Division, Ocean Science and Technology for Islands Group, ESSO - National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Government of India, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
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14
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Venkatachalam M, Gérard L, Milhau C, Vinale F, Dufossé L, Fouillaud M. Salinity and Temperature Influence Growth and Pigment Production in the Marine-Derived Fungal Strain Talaromyces albobiverticillius 30548. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7010010. [PMID: 30626101 PMCID: PMC6352072 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine-derived fungi that inhabit severe changing environments have gained increasing interest for their ability to produce structurally unique natural products. Fungi belonging to the Talaromyces and the close Penicillium genera are among the most promising microbes for bioactive compound production, including colored metabolites. Coupling pigment producing capability with bioactive effectiveness would be a valuable challenge in some specific fields such as dyeing, cosmeceutical, or food industries. In this sense, Talaromyces albobiverticillius 30548, a red pigment producing strain, has been isolated from the marine environment of Reunion Island, Indian Ocean. In this research, we analyzed the effect of temperatures (21⁻27 °C) and salinity levels (0⁻9%) on fungal growth and pigment production. Maximum pigment yield was obtained in non-salted media, when cultured at 27 °C after 10 days of submerged fermentation in PDB. However, maximum dry biomass production was achieved at stressed condition with 9% sea salts concentrated media at the same temperature. The results indicate that salinity of the culture media positively influences the growth of the biomass. Inversely, pigment production decreases with increase in salinity over 6%. Color coordinates of secreted pigments were expressed in CIELAB color system. The hue angles (h°) ranged from red to yellow colors. This indicated that the color distribution of fungal pigments depends on the salinity in the culture media. This study emphasizes the impact of abiotic stress (salt and temperature) on the growth and metabolome of marine-derived fungal strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mekala Venkatachalam
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles et des Sciences des Aliments-LCSNSA EA 2212, Université de la Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, F-97744 Saint-Denis CEDEX 9, Ile de la Réunion, France.
| | - Léa Gérard
- Ecole Supérieure d'Ingénieurs Réunion Océan Indien-ESIROI Agroalimentaire, 2 Rue Joseph Wetzell, F-97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de la Réunion, France.
- Institut des Sciences et Industries du Vivant et de L'Environnement du Centre Paris Claude Bernard, 16, rue Claude Bernard, F-75231 Paris CEDEX 05, France.
| | - Cathie Milhau
- Ecole Supérieure d'Ingénieurs Réunion Océan Indien-ESIROI Agroalimentaire, 2 Rue Joseph Wetzell, F-97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de la Réunion, France.
| | - Francesco Vinale
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante (IPSP-CNR/Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, IT-80055 Portici (NA), Italy.
| | - Laurent Dufossé
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles et des Sciences des Aliments-LCSNSA EA 2212, Université de la Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, F-97744 Saint-Denis CEDEX 9, Ile de la Réunion, France.
- Ecole Supérieure d'Ingénieurs Réunion Océan Indien-ESIROI Agroalimentaire, 2 Rue Joseph Wetzell, F-97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de la Réunion, France.
| | - Mireille Fouillaud
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles et des Sciences des Aliments-LCSNSA EA 2212, Université de la Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, F-97744 Saint-Denis CEDEX 9, Ile de la Réunion, France.
- Ecole Supérieure d'Ingénieurs Réunion Océan Indien-ESIROI Agroalimentaire, 2 Rue Joseph Wetzell, F-97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de la Réunion, France.
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15
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Zaccarim BR, de Oliveira F, Passarini MRZ, Duarte AWF, Sette LD, Jozala AF, Teixeira MFS, de Carvalho Santos-Ebinuma V. Sequencing and phylogenetic analyses oftalaromyces amestolkiaefrom amazon: A producer of natural colorants. Biotechnol Prog 2018; 35:e2684. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruna R. Zaccarim
- Dept. of Bioprocess and Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP; Araraquara São Paulo Brazil
| | - Fernanda de Oliveira
- Dept. of Bioprocess and Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP; Araraquara São Paulo Brazil
| | - Michel R. Z. Passarini
- Divisão de Recursos Microbianos, Centro Pluridisciplinar de Pesquisas Químicas, Biológicas e Agrícolas; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Paulínia São Paulo Brazil
| | - Alysson W. F. Duarte
- Divisão de Recursos Microbianos, Centro Pluridisciplinar de Pesquisas Químicas, Biológicas e Agrícolas; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Paulínia São Paulo Brazil
| | - Lara D. Sette
- Dept. of Biochemistry and Microbiology; Inst. of Biosciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP; Rio Claro São Paulo Brazil
| | - Angela F. Jozala
- Dept. of Technological and Environmental Processes; Universidade de Sorocaba - UNISO; Sorocaba Brazil
| | - Maria F. S. Teixeira
- Culture Collection DPUA/UFAM; Universidade Federal do Amazonas; 077-000, Manaus Amazonas Brazil
| | - Valéria de Carvalho Santos-Ebinuma
- Dept. of Bioprocess and Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP; Araraquara São Paulo Brazil
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16
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Kumari M, Taritla S, Sharma A, Jayabaskaran C. Antiproliferative and Antioxidative Bioactive Compounds in Extracts of Marine-Derived Endophytic Fungus Talaromyces purpureogenus. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1777. [PMID: 30123207 PMCID: PMC6085570 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi are now recognized as sources of pharmacologically beneficial, novel bioactive compounds. This study was carried out to evaluate antiproliferative and antioxidative potential of a seaweed endophytic fungus Talaromyces purpureogenus. Extracts with different solvents of the fungus grown on different liquid media were assayed for the antiproliferative and antioxidative activities. Tested 6 cancer cell lines, the highest antiproliferative activity was observed in ethyl acetate extract of total culture grown in Potato Dextrose Broth for 28 days in a dose-dependent manner. The highest antioxidative activity was observed in hexane extract of fungal culture grown in Malt Extract Broth for 21 days. Analyzed for secondary metabolites, the extract revealed the presence of phenolics, alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids and terpenoids. Further, Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (GCMS) analysis of the extract revealed the presence of several compounds including 3-nitropropanoic acid, 4H-pyran-4-one 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl), hexadecanoic acid, and octadecanoic acid, known to be cytotoxic or antioxidative. Among different cell lines tested, HeLa cells were the most vulnerable to the treatment of the fungal extract with an IC50 value of 101 ± 1 μg/mL. The extract showed no significant cytotoxicity to the normal human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK 293 T) in the MTT assay. The ethyl acetate extract induced membrane damage and mitochondrial depolarization and thereby apoptosis and cytotoxicity in HeLa cells. The study marks marine-derived endophytes as potential sources for discovery of novel drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - C. Jayabaskaran
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
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17
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Production of pigments from the tropical marine-derived fungi Talaromyces albobiverticillius : New resources for natural red-colored metabolites. J Food Compost Anal 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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18
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Son SY, Lee S, Singh D, Lee NR, Lee DY, Lee CH. Comprehensive Secondary Metabolite Profiling Toward Delineating the Solid and Submerged-State Fermentation of Aspergillus oryzae KCCM 12698. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1076. [PMID: 29887844 PMCID: PMC5981208 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus oryzae has been commonly used to make koji, meju, and soy sauce in traditional food fermentation industries. However, the metabolic behaviors of A. oryzae during fermentation in various culture environments are largely uncharacterized. Thus, we performed time resolved (0, 4, 8, 12, 16 day) secondary metabolite profiling for A. oryzae KCCM 12698 cultivated on malt extract agar and broth (MEA and MEB) under solid-state fermentation (SSF) and submerged fermentation (SmF) conditions using the ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-linear trap quadrupole-ion trap-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-LTQ-IT-MS/MS) followed by multivariate analyses. We observed the relatively higher proportions of coumarins and oxylipins in SSF, whereas the terpenoids were abundant in SmF. Moreover, we investigated the antimicrobial efficacy of metabolites that were extracted from SSF and SmF. The SSF extracts showed higher antimicrobial activities as compared to SmF, with higher production rates of bioactive secondary metabolites viz., ketone-citreoisocoumarin, pentahydroxy-anthraquinone, hexylitaconic acid, oxylipins, and saturated fatty acids. The current study provides the underpinnings of a metabolomic framework regarding the growth and bioactive compound production for A. oryzae under the primarily employed industrial cultivation states. Furthermore, the study holds the potentials for rapid screening and MS-characterization of metabolites helpful in determining the consumer safety implications of fermented foods involving Koji mold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Y Son
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sunmin Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Digar Singh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Na-Rae Lee
- NUS Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation (SynCTI), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dong-Yup Lee
- NUS Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation (SynCTI), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore.,School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Choong H Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
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19
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Chadni Z, Rahaman MH, Jerin I, Hoque K, Reza MA. Extraction and optimisation of red pigment production as secondary metabolites from Talaromyces verruculosus and its potential use in textile industries. Mycology 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2017.1302013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zannatul Chadni
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md Habibur Rahaman
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Israt Jerin
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - K.M.F Hoque
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abu Reza
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
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20
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Production of Calcaride A by Calcarisporium sp. in Shaken Flasks and Stirred Bioreactors. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:3992-4005. [PMID: 26114617 PMCID: PMC4515605 DOI: 10.3390/md13073992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased interest in marine resources has led to increased screening of marine fungi for novel bioactive compounds and considerable effort is being invested in discovering these metabolites. For compound discovery, small-scale cultures are adequate, but agitated bioreactors are desirable for larger-scale production. Calcarisporium sp. KF525 has recently been described to produce calcaride A, a cyclic polyester with antibiotic activity, in agitated flasks. Here, we describe improvements in the production of calcaride A in both flasks (13-fold improvement) and stirred bioreactors (200-fold improvement). Production of calcaride A in bioreactors was initially substantially lower than in shaken flasks. The cultivation pH (reduced from 6.8 to <5.4), carbon source (sucrose replacing glucose), C/N ratio and nature of mycelial growth (pellets or filaments) were important in improving calcaride A production. Up to 4.5 mg·g−1 biomass (85 mg·L−1) calcaride A were produced in the bioreactor, which was only slightly less than in shaken flasks (14 mg·g−1, 100 mg·L−1). The results demonstrate that a scalable process for calcaride A production could be developed using an iterative approach with flasks and bioreactors.
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21
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Hasan S, Ansari MI, Ahmad A, Mishra M. Major bioactive metabolites from marine fungi: A Review. Bioinformation 2015; 11:176-81. [PMID: 26124556 PMCID: PMC4479057 DOI: 10.6026/97320630011176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Biologists and chemists of the world have been attracted towards marine natural products for the last five decades. Approximately 16,000 marine natural products have been isolated from marine organisms which have been reported in approximately 6,800 publications, proving marine microorganisms to be a invaluable source for the production of novel antibiotic, anti tumor, and anti inflammatory agents. The marine fungi particularly those associated with marine alga, sponge, invertebrates, and sediments appear to be a rich source for secondary metabolites, possessing Antibiotic, antiviral, antifungal and antiyeast activities. Besides, a few growth stimulant properties which may be useful in studies on wound healing, carcinogenic properties, and in the study of cancers are reported. Recent investigations on marine filamentous fungi looking for biologically active secondary metabolites indicate the tremendous potential of them as a source of new medicines. The present study reviews about some important bioactive metabolites reported from marine fungal strains which are anti bacterial, anti tumour and anti inflammatory in action. It highlights the chemistry and biological activity of the major bioactive alkaloids, polyketides, terpenoids, isoprenoid and non-isoprenoid compounds, quinones, isolated from marine fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Hasan
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, AMITY University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow – 226 028 INDIA
| | - Mohammad Israil Ansari
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, AMITY University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow – 226 028 INDIA
| | - Anis Ahmad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Maitreyi Mishra
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, AMITY University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow – 226 028 INDIA
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