1
|
Anisman H, Doubad D, Asokumar A, Matheson K. Psychosocial and neurobiological aspects of the worldwide refugee crisis: From vulnerability to resilience. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 165:105859. [PMID: 39159733 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Anisman, H., Doubad, D., Asokumar, A. & Matheson, K. Psychosocial and neurobiological aspects of the worldwide refugee crisis: From vulnerability to resilience. NEUROSCI BIOBEHAV REV, XXXX. Immigration occurs between countries either to obtain employment, for family reunification or to escape violence and other life-threatening conditions. Refugees and asylum seekers are often obligated to overcome a uniquely challenging set of circumstances prior to and during migration. Settlement following immigration may pose yet another set of stressors related to acculturation to the host country, as well as financial insecurity, discrimination, language barriers, and social isolation. Here we discuss the multiple consequences of immigration experiences, focusing on the health disturbances that frequently develop in adults and children. Aside from the psychosocial influences, immigration-related challenges may cause hormonal, inflammatory immune, and microbiota changes that favor psychological and physical illnesses. Some biological alterations are subject to modification by epigenetic changes, which have implications for intergenerational trauma transmission, as might disruptions in parenting behaviors and family dysfunction. Despite the hardships experienced, many immigrants and their families exhibit positive psychological adjustment after resettlement. We provide information to diminish the impacts associated with immigration and offer strength-based approaches that may foster resilience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Anisman
- Carleton University, Department of Neuroscience, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada.
| | - D Doubad
- Carleton University, Department of Neuroscience, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - A Asokumar
- Carleton University, Department of Neuroscience, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - K Matheson
- Carleton University, Department of Neuroscience, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Houweling TAJ, Grünberger I. Intergenerational transmission of health inequalities: towards a life course approach to socioeconomic inequalities in health - a review. J Epidemiol Community Health 2024; 78:641-649. [PMID: 38955463 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2022-220162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Adult health inequalities are a persistent public health problem. Explanations are usually sought in behaviours and environments in adulthood, despite evidence on the importance of early life conditions for life course outcomes. We review evidence from a broad range of fields to unravel to what extent, and how, socioeconomic health inequalities are intergenerationally transmitted.We find that transmission of socioeconomic and associated health (dis)advantages from parents to offspring, and its underlying structural determinants, contributes substantially to socioeconomic inequalities in adult health. In the first two decades of life-from conception to early adulthood-parental socioeconomic position (SEP) and parental health strongly influence offspring adult SEP and health. Socioeconomic and health (dis)advantages are largely transmitted through the same broad mechanisms. Socioeconomic inequalities in the fetal environment contribute to inequalities in fetal development and birth outcomes, with lifelong socioeconomic and health consequences. Inequalities in the postnatal environment-especially the psychosocial and learning environment, physical exposures and socialisation-result in inequalities in child and adolescent health, development and behavioural habits, with health and socioeconomic consequences tracking into adulthood. Structural factors shape these mechanisms in a socioeconomically patterned and time-specific and place-specific way, leading to distinct birth-cohort patterns in health inequality.Adult health inequalities are for an important part intergenerationally transmitted. Effective health inequality reduction requires addressing intergenerational transmission of (dis)advantage by creating societal circumstances that allow all children to develop to their full potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanja A J Houweling
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ilona Grünberger
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Surachman A, Hamlat E, Zannas AS, Horvath S, Laraia B, Epel E. Grandparents' educational attainment is associated with grandchildren's epigenetic-based age acceleration in the National Growth and Health Study. Soc Sci Med 2024; 355:117142. [PMID: 39106784 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
We examined three generations (grandparents, mothers, and grandchildren) to assess the association between grandparents' educational attainment and their grandchildren's epigenetic-based age acceleration and whether the association was mediated by parental educational attainment and mothers' life course health-related factors. Mothers were recruited to the NHLBI Growth and Health Study at 9-10 years and followed for 10 years (1987-1998). Mothers were then re-contacted three decades later (ages 37-42) to participate in the National Growth and Health Study (NGHS), and health information from their youngest child (i.e., grandchildren; N = 241, ages 2-17) was collected, including their saliva samples to calculate epigenetic age. Five epigenetic-based age acceleration measures were included in this analysis, including four epigenetic clock age accelerations (Horvath, Hannum, GrimAge, and PhenoAge) and DunedinPACE. Grandparents reported their highest education during the initial enrollment interviews. Parental educational attainment and mothers' life course health-related factors (childhood BMI trajectories, adult cardiovascular health behavioral risk score, and adult c-reactive protein) are included as mediators. Grandparents' education was significantly associated with Horvath age acceleration (b = -0.32, SE = 0.14, p = 0.021). Grandchildren with college-degree grandparents showed significantly slower Horvath age accelerations than those without college degrees. This association was partially mediated by parental education and mothers' health-related factors, especially adult cardiovascular health behavioral risk score and CRP, but not mothers' childhood BMI trajectory. This ability to conserve the speed of biological aging may have considerable consequences in shaping health trajectories across the lifespan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agus Surachman
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, USA; College of Nursing and Health Profession, Drexel University, USA.
| | - Elissa Hamlat
- Center for Health and Community, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Anthony S Zannas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA; Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Steve Horvath
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, USA; The Altos Institutes of Science, San Diego, USA
| | - Barbara Laraia
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - Elissa Epel
- Center for Health and Community, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Howland MA, Glynn LM. The future of intergenerational transmission research: A prospective, three-generation approach. Dev Psychopathol 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38832544 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579424000622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Dr. Dante Cicchetti's pioneering theory and research on developmental psychopathology have been fundamental to the proliferation of research on intergenerational transmission over the last 40 years. In part due to this foundation, much has been learned about continuities and discontinuities in child maltreatment, attachment, parenting, and psychopathology across generations. Looking towards the future, we propose that this field stands to benefit from a prospective, three-generation approach. Specifically, following established prospective, longitudinal cohorts of children over their transition to parenting the next generation will afford the opportunity to investigate the developmental origins of intergenerational transmission. This approach also can address key outstanding questions and methodological limitations in the extant literature related to the confounding of retrospective and prospective measures; examination of mediators and moderators; and investigation of the roles of biology, environment, and their interplay. After considering these advantages, we offer several considerations and recommendations for future research, many of which are broadly applicable to the study of two or more generations. We hope that this discussion will inspire the leveraging of existing prospective cohorts to carry forward Dr. Cicchetti's remarkable contributions, with the ultimate aim to inform the development of preventions and interventions that disrupt deleterious intergenerational cycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariann A Howland
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Laura M Glynn
- Department of Psychology, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hoyniak CP, Whalen DJ, Luby JL, Barch DM, Miller JP, Zhao P, Triplett RL, Ju YE, Smyser CD, Warner B, Rogers CE, Herzog ED, England SK. Sleep and circadian rhythms during pregnancy, social disadvantage, and alterations in brain development in neonates. Dev Sci 2024; 27:e13456. [PMID: 37902111 PMCID: PMC10997484 DOI: 10.1111/desc.13456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Pregnant women in poverty may be especially likely to experience sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances, which may have downstream effects on fetal neurodevelopment. However, the associations between sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances, social disadvantage during pregnancy, and neonatal brain structure remains poorly understood. The current study explored the association between maternal sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances during pregnancy and neonatal brain outcomes, examining sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances as a mediator of the effect of social disadvantage during pregnancy on infant structural brain outcomes. The study included 148 mother-infant dyads, recruited during early pregnancy, who had both actigraphy and neuroimaging data. Mothers' sleep was assessed throughout their pregnancy using actigraphy, and neonates underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging in the first weeks of life. Neonatal structural brain outcomes included cortical gray matter, subcortical gray matter, and white matter volumes along with a measure of the total surface area of the cortex. Neonates of mothers who experienced greater inter-daily deviations in sleep duration had smaller total cortical gray and white matter volumes and reduced cortical surface areas. Neonates of mothers who had higher levels of circadian misalignment and later sleep timing during pregnancy showed smaller subcortical gray matter volumes. Inter-daily deviations in sleep duration during pregnancy mediated the association between maternal social disadvantage and neonatal structural brain outcomes. Findings highlight the importance of regularity and rhythmicity in sleep schedules during pregnancy and bring to light the role of chronodisruption as a potential mechanism underlying the deleterious neurodevelopmental effects of prenatal adversity. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Social disadvantage was associated with sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances during pregnancy, including later sleep schedules, increased variability in sleep duration, circadian misalignment, and a higher proportion of the sleep period spent awake. Maternal sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances during pregnancy were associated with decreased brain volume and reduced cortical surface area in neonates. Maternal inter-daily deviations in sleep duration during pregnancy mediated the association between social disadvantage and neonatal brain volume and cortical surface area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline P Hoyniak
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St Louis, USA
- Center on Biological Rhythms and Sleep, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St Louis, USA
| | - Diana J Whalen
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St Louis, USA
- Center on Biological Rhythms and Sleep, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St Louis, USA
| | - Joan L Luby
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St Louis, USA
- Center on Biological Rhythms and Sleep, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St Louis, USA
| | - Deanna M Barch
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St Louis, USA
- The Program in Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, USA
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St Louis, USA
| | - J Philip Miller
- Department of Biostatistics, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, USA
| | - Peinan Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St Louis, USA
| | - Regina L Triplett
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St Louis, USA
| | - Yo-El Ju
- Center on Biological Rhythms and Sleep, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St Louis, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St Louis, USA
| | - Christopher D Smyser
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St Louis, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St Louis, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St Louis, USA
| | - Barbara Warner
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St Louis, USA
| | - Cynthia E Rogers
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St Louis, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St Louis, USA
| | - Erik D Herzog
- Center on Biological Rhythms and Sleep, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St Louis, USA
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, USA
| | - Sarah K England
- Center on Biological Rhythms and Sleep, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St Louis, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St Louis, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lin B, Middleton RR, Terefe B, Appleton AA, Feingold BJ, Lynch T, Pieterse AL, Rogers R, Armah AE, Bierce LF, Flagg AM, McCarthy S. The Birth and Beyond (BABY) study: protocol for a birth cohort study investigating the social and environmental determinants of pregnancy-related outcomes in Black American families. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e087141. [PMID: 38658013 PMCID: PMC11043692 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-087141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the USA, Black birthing people and infants experience disproportionately worse pregnancy-related health outcomes. The causes for these disparities are unknown, but evidence suggests that they are likely socially and environmentally based. Efforts to identify the determinants of these racial disparities are urgently needed to elucidate the highest priority targets for intervention. The Birth and Beyond (BABY) study evaluates how micro-level (eg, interpersonal and family) and macro-level (eg, neighbourhood and environmental) risk and resiliency factors transact to shape birth person-infant health, and underlying psychobiological mechanisms. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The BABY study will follow 350 Black families (birthing parents, non-birthing parents and infants) from pregnancy through the first postpartum year, with research visits during pregnancy and at infant ages 6 and 12 months. Research visits comprise a combination of interview about a range of recent and life course stress and resiliency exposures and supports, psychophysiological (sympathetic, parasympathetic and adrenocortical) assessment and behavioural observations of parent-infant coregulatory behaviours. Spatial analyses are completed by mapping parent current and past residential addresses onto archival public data (eg, about neighbourhood quality and racial segregation). Finally, EMRs are abstracted for information about birthing parent relevant medical history, pregnancy conditions and infant birth outcomes. Analyses will evaluate the risk and resiliency mechanisms that contribute to pregnancy and birth-related outcomes for Black birthing people and their infants, and the protective role of individual, familial, cultural, and community supports. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The BABY study has been approved by the Institutional Review Board at Albany Medical Centre. The study team consulted with local organisations and groups comprised of stakeholders and community leaders and continues to do so throughout the study. Research results will be disseminated with the scientific and local community as appropriate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Betty Lin
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University at Albany, Albany, New York, USA
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Rachel R Middleton
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University at Albany, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Bethlehem Terefe
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Allison A Appleton
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Beth J Feingold
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Tara Lynch
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Alex L Pieterse
- Department of Counseling, Educational and Developmental Psychology, Boston College Carolyn A and Peter S Lynch School of Education and Human Development, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rebecca Rogers
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Annabelle E Armah
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University at Albany, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Lydia F Bierce
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University at Albany, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Amanda M Flagg
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University at Albany, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Sarah McCarthy
- Department of Sociology, University at Albany College of Arts and Sciences, Albany, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
van Houtum LAEM, Baaré WFC, Beckmann CF, Castro-Fornieles J, Cecil CAM, Dittrich J, Ebdrup BH, Fegert JM, Havdahl A, Hillegers MHJ, Kalisch R, Kushner SA, Mansuy IM, Mežinska S, Moreno C, Muetzel RL, Neumann A, Nordentoft M, Pingault JB, Preisig M, Raballo A, Saunders J, Sprooten E, Sugranyes G, Tiemeier H, van Woerden GM, Vandeleur CL, van Haren NEM. Running in the FAMILY: understanding and predicting the intergenerational transmission of mental illness. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02423-9. [PMID: 38613677 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02423-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Over 50% of children with a parent with severe mental illness will develop mental illness by early adulthood. However, intergenerational transmission of risk for mental illness in one's children is insufficiently considered in clinical practice, nor is it sufficiently utilised into diagnostics and care for children of ill parents. This leads to delays in diagnosing young offspring and missed opportunities for protective actions and resilience strengthening. Prior twin, family, and adoption studies suggest that the aetiology of mental illness is governed by a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors, potentially mediated by changes in epigenetic programming and brain development. However, how these factors ultimately materialise into mental disorders remains unclear. Here, we present the FAMILY consortium, an interdisciplinary, multimodal (e.g., (epi)genetics, neuroimaging, environment, behaviour), multilevel (e.g., individual-level, family-level), and multisite study funded by a European Union Horizon-Staying-Healthy-2021 grant. FAMILY focuses on understanding and prediction of intergenerational transmission of mental illness, using genetically informed causal inference, multimodal normative prediction, and animal modelling. Moreover, FAMILY applies methods from social sciences to map social and ethical consequences of risk prediction to prepare clinical practice for future implementation. FAMILY aims to deliver: (i) new discoveries clarifying the aetiology of mental illness and the process of resilience, thereby providing new targets for prevention and intervention studies; (ii) a risk prediction model within a normative modelling framework to predict who is at risk for developing mental illness; and (iii) insight into social and ethical issues related to risk prediction to inform clinical guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisanne A E M van Houtum
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - William F C Baaré
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital-Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian F Beckmann
- Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Josefina Castro-Fornieles
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, 2021SGR01319, Institut Clinic de Neurociències, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, FCRB-IDIBAPS, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Charlotte A M Cecil
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Bjørn H Ebdrup
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research and Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jörg M Fegert
- President European Society for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (ESCAP), Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Alexandra Havdahl
- PsychGen Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- PROMENTA Research Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Nic Waals Institute, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Manon H J Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Raffael Kalisch
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Mainz, Germany
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Steven A Kushner
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Isabelle M Mansuy
- Laboratory of Neuroepigenetics, Medical Faculty, Brain Research Institute, Department of Health Science and Technology of ETH, University of Zurich and Institute for Neuroscience, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Neuroscience Centre, ETH and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Signe Mežinska
- Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Carmen Moreno
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, ISCIII, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ryan L Muetzel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Neumann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jean-Baptiste Pingault
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Martin Preisig
- Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Raballo
- Public Health Division, Department of Health and Social Care, Cantonal Socio-Psychiatric Organization, Repubblica e Cantone Ticino, Mendrisio, Switzerland
- Chair of Psychiatry, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università Della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - John Saunders
- Executive Director European Federation of Associations of Families of People with Mental Illness (EUFAMI), Louvain, Belgium
| | - Emma Sprooten
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gisela Sugranyes
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, 2021SGR01319, Institut Clinic de Neurociències, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, FCRB-IDIBAPS, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Geeske M van Woerden
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- ENCORE Expertise Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline L Vandeleur
- Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Neeltje E M van Haren
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lyons-Ruth K, Li FH, Khoury JE, Ahtam B, Sisitsky M, Ou Y, Enlow MB, Grant E. Maternal Childhood Abuse Versus Neglect Associated with Differential Patterns of Infant Brain Development. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2023; 51:1919-1932. [PMID: 37160577 PMCID: PMC10661793 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-023-01041-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Severity of maternal childhood maltreatment has been associated with lower infant grey matter volume and amygdala volume during the first two years of life. A developing literature argues that effects of threat (abuse) and of deprivation (neglect) should be assessed separately because these distinct aspects of adversity may have different impacts on developmental outcomes. However, distinct effects of threat versus deprivation have not been assessed in relation to intergenerational effects of child maltreatment. The objective of this study was to separately assess the links of maternal childhood abuse and neglect with infant grey matter volume (GMV), white matter volume (WMV), amygdala and hippocampal volume. Participants included 57 mother-infant dyads. Mothers were assessed for childhood abuse and neglect using the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) questionnaire in a sample enriched for childhood maltreatment. Between 4 and 24 months (M age = 12.28 months, SD = 5.99), under natural sleep, infants completed an MRI using a 3.0 T Siemens scanner. GMV, WMV, amygdala and hippocampal volumes were extracted via automated segmentation. Maternal history of neglect, but not abuse, was associated with lower infant GMV. Maternal history of abuse, but not neglect, interacted with age such that abuse was associated with smaller infant amygdala volume at older ages. Results are consistent with a threat versus deprivation framework, in which threat impacts limbic regions central to the stress response, whereas deprivation impacts areas more central to cognitive function. Further studies are needed to identify mechanisms contributing to these differential intergenerational associations of threat versus deprivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karlen Lyons-Ruth
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge Hospital, 1493 Cambridge St., Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Frances Haofei Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge Hospital, 1493 Cambridge St., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer E Khoury
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge Hospital, 1493 Cambridge St., Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Psychology, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Banu Ahtam
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michaela Sisitsky
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yangming Ou
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michelle Bosquet Enlow
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ellen Grant
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chapman C, Jayasekera J, Dash C, Sheppard V, Mandelblatt J. A health equity framework to support the next generation of cancer population simulation models. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2023; 2023:255-264. [PMID: 37947339 PMCID: PMC10846912 DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgad017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past 2 decades, population simulation modeling has evolved as an effective public health tool for surveillance of cancer trends and estimation of the impact of screening and treatment strategies on incidence and mortality, including documentation of persistent cancer inequities. The goal of this research was to provide a framework to support the next generation of cancer population simulation models to identify leverage points in the cancer control continuum to accelerate achievement of equity in cancer care for minoritized populations. In our framework, systemic racism is conceptualized as the root cause of inequity and an upstream influence acting on subsequent downstream events, which ultimately exert physiological effects on cancer incidence and mortality and competing comorbidities. To date, most simulation models investigating racial inequity have used individual-level race variables. Individual-level race is a proxy for exposure to systemic racism, not a biological construct. However, single-level race variables are suboptimal proxies for the multilevel systems, policies, and practices that perpetuate inequity. We recommend that future models designed to capture relationships between systemic racism and cancer outcomes replace or extend single-level race variables with multilevel measures that capture structural, interpersonal, and internalized racism. Models should investigate actionable levers, such as changes in health care, education, and economic structures and policies to increase equity and reductions in health-care-based interpersonal racism. This integrated approach could support novel research approaches, make explicit the effects of different structures and policies, highlight data gaps in interactions between model components mirroring how factors act in the real world, inform how we collect data to model cancer equity, and generate results that could inform policy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Chapman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, and the Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness, and Safety in the Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine and the Houston VA, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jinani Jayasekera
- Health Equity and Decision Sciences Research Laboratory, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chiranjeev Dash
- Office of Minority Health and Health Disparities Research and Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Vanessa Sheppard
- Department of Health Behavior and Policy and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Jeanne Mandelblatt
- Departments of Oncology and Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Cancer Prevention and Control Program at Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Georgetown Lombardi Institute for Cancer and Aging Research, Washington, DC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lugo-Candelas C, Chang L, Dworkin JD, Aw N, Fields A, Reed H, Spann M, Gilchrist MA, Hinds W, Marsh R, Fifer WP, Weissman M, Foerster BU, Manin MG, Silva I, Peterson B, Coelho Milani AC, Gingrich J, Monk C, Duarte CS, Jackowski A, Posner J. Maternal childhood maltreatment: associations to offspring brain volume and white matter connectivity. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2023; 14:591-601. [PMID: 37732425 PMCID: PMC10840844 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174423000247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The deleterious effects of adversity are likely intergenerational, such that one generation's adverse experiences can affect the next. Epidemiological studies link maternal adversity to offspring depression and anxiety, possibly via transmission mechanisms that influence offspring fronto-limbic connectivity. However, studies have not thoroughly disassociated postnatal exposure effects nor considered the role of offspring sex. We utilized infant neuroimaging to test the hypothesis that maternal childhood maltreatment (CM) would be associated with increased fronto-limbic connectivity in infancy and tested brain-behavior associations in childhood. Ninety-two dyads participated (32 mothers with CM, 60 without; 52 infant females, 40 infant males). Women reported on their experiences of CM and non-sedated sleeping infants underwent MRIs at 2.44 ± 2.74 weeks. Brain volumes were estimated via structural MRI and white matter structural connectivity (fiber counts) via diffusion MRI with probabilistic tractography. A subset of parents (n = 36) reported on children's behaviors at age 5.17 ± 1.73 years. Males in the maltreatment group demonstrated greater intra-hemispheric fronto-limbic connectivity (b = 0.96, p= 0.008, [95%CI 0.25, 1.66]), no differences emerged for females. Fronto-limbic connectivity was related to somatic complaints in childhood only for males (r = 0.673, p = 0.006). Our findings suggest that CM could have intergenerational associations to offspring brain development, yet mechanistic studies are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Lugo-Candelas
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center/New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, USA
| | - Le Chang
- Department of Statistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
| | | | - Natalie Aw
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - Andrea Fields
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Hannah Reed
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center/New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, USA
| | - Marisa Spann
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center/New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, USA
| | | | - Walter Hinds
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rachel Marsh
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center/New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, USA
| | - William P. Fifer
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center/New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, USA
| | - Myrna Weissman
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center/New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, USA
| | - Bernd Uwe Foerster
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina Giorgi Manin
- Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ivaldo Silva
- Department of Gynecology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bradley Peterson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Jay Gingrich
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center/New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, USA
| | - Catherine Monk
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center/New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, USA
| | - Cristiane S. Duarte
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center/New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, USA
| | - Andrea Jackowski
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kaliush PR, Kerig PK, Raby KL, Maylott SE, Neff D, Speck B, Molina NC, Pappal AE, Parameswaran UD, Conradt E, Crowell SE. Examining implications of the developmental timing of maternal trauma for prenatal and newborn outcomes. Infant Behav Dev 2023; 72:101861. [PMID: 37399664 PMCID: PMC10528968 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2023.101861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Separate literatures have demonstrated that mothers' experiences with trauma during childhood or pregnancy are associated with maternal prenatal health risks, adverse childbirth outcomes, and offspring internalizing and externalizing disorders. These literatures largely align with the intergenerational transmission or fetal programming frameworks, respectively. However, few studies have tested the effects of maternal childhood and prenatal trauma simultaneously on mothers' and infants' health outcomes, and no studies have examined these effects on newborn neurobehavioral outcomes. Thus, in the present study, we examined how the developmental timing of pregnant women's traumatic life experiences associated with their physical health and psychopathology (Aim 1) as well as their newborns' birth and neurodevelopmental outcomes (Aim 2; for pre-registered aims and hypotheses, see https://osf.io/ygnre/?view_only=cbe17d0ac7f24af5a4d3e37e24eebead). One hundred and fifty-two 3rd trimester pregnant women (Mage = 29 years; 17.1% Hispanic/Latina) completed measures of trauma history and psychopathology. Then, 24-48 h after birth, trained clinicians conducted newborn neurobehavioral exams (n = 118 newborns; 52.6% female). Results indicated that lifetime traumatic experiences associated with multiple prenatal maternal health outcomes, including depression, anxiety, emotion dysregulation, and pregnancy complications. Pregnant women's experiences with childhood trauma, but not adulthood or prenatal trauma, predicted higher neurobehavioral attention scores among female newborns. Our discussion highlights the importance of considering the developmental timing of maternal trauma on perinatal outcomes and contextualizes our findings within the intergenerational transmission and fetal programming literatures. DATA AVAILABILITY: Data pertaining to R01MH119070 (MPIs Crowell & Conradt) and that support these findings are uploaded to the NIMH repository.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - K Lee Raby
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, USA
| | | | - Dylan Neff
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, USA
| | - Bailey Speck
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, USA
| | | | | | | | - Elisabeth Conradt
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, USA
| | - Sheila E Crowell
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Swales DA, Davis EP, Mahrer NE, Guardino CM, Shalowitz MU, Ramey SL, Schetter CD. Preconception maternal posttraumatic stress and child negative affectivity: Prospectively evaluating the intergenerational impact of trauma. Dev Psychopathol 2023; 35:619-629. [PMID: 35074031 PMCID: PMC9309186 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579421001760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The developmental origins of psychopathology begin before birth and perhaps even prior to conception. Understanding the intergenerational transmission of psychopathological risk is critical to identify sensitive windows for prevention and early intervention. Prior research demonstrates that maternal trauma history, typically assessed retrospectively, has adverse consequences for child socioemotional development. However, very few prospective studies of preconception trauma exist, and the role of preconception symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) remains unknown. The current study prospectively evaluates whether maternal preconception PTSD symptoms predict early childhood negative affectivity, a key dimension of temperament and predictor of later psychopathology. One hundred and eighteen women were recruited following a birth and prior to conception of the study child and were followed until the study child was 3-5 years old. Higher maternal PTSD symptoms prior to conception predicted greater child negative affectivity, adjusting for concurrent maternal depressive symptoms and sociodemographic covariates. In exploratory analyses, we found that neither maternal prenatal nor postpartum depressive symptoms or perceived stress mediated this association. These findings add to a limited prospective literature, highlighting the importance of assessing the mental health of women prior to conception and providing interventions that can disrupt the intergenerational sequelae of trauma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Elysia Poggi Davis
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, CO
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | | | | | - Madeleine U. Shalowitz
- Department of Pediatrics, NorthShore University HealthSystem Research Institute, Evanston, IL
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Conradt E, Camerota M, Maylott S, Lester BM. Annual Research Review: Prenatal opioid exposure - a two-generation approach to conceptualizing neurodevelopmental outcomes. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2023; 64:566-578. [PMID: 36751734 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Opioid use during pregnancy impacts the health and well-being of two generations: the pregnant person and the child. The factors that increase risk for opioid use in the adult, as well as those that perpetuate risk for the caregiver and child, oftentimes replicate across generations and may be more likely to affect child neurodevelopment than the opioid exposure itself. In this article, we review the prenatal opioid exposure literature with the perspective that this is not a singular event but an intergenerational cascade of events. We highlight several mechanisms of transmission across generations: biological factors, including genetics and epigenetics and the gut-brain axis; parent-child mechanisms, such as prepregnancy experience of child maltreatment, quality of parenting, infant behaviors, neonatal opioid withdrawal diagnosis, and broader environmental contributors including poverty, violence exposure, stigma, and Child Protective Services involvement. We conclude by describing ways in which intergenerational transmission can be disrupted by early intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Conradt
- Department of Psychiatry, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Marie Camerota
- Brown Center for the Study of Children at Risk, Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Sarah Maylott
- Department of Psychiatry, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Barry M Lester
- Brown Center for the Study of Children at Risk, Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kaufman J, Khan M, Shepard Payne J, Mancini J, Summers White Y. Transgenerational Inheritance and Systemic Racism in America. PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE 2023. [DOI: 10.1176/appi.prcp.20220043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joan Kaufman
- Center for Child and Family Traumatic Stress, Kennedy Krieger Institute and Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J. Kaufman, M. Khan, J. Shepard Payne, J. Mancini, Y. Summers White)
| | - Maria Khan
- Center for Child and Family Traumatic Stress, Kennedy Krieger Institute and Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J. Kaufman, M. Khan, J. Shepard Payne, J. Mancini, Y. Summers White)
| | - Jennifer Shepard Payne
- Center for Child and Family Traumatic Stress, Kennedy Krieger Institute and Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J. Kaufman, M. Khan, J. Shepard Payne, J. Mancini, Y. Summers White)
| | - Julia Mancini
- Center for Child and Family Traumatic Stress, Kennedy Krieger Institute and Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J. Kaufman, M. Khan, J. Shepard Payne, J. Mancini, Y. Summers White)
| | - Yvonne Summers White
- Center for Child and Family Traumatic Stress, Kennedy Krieger Institute and Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (J. Kaufman, M. Khan, J. Shepard Payne, J. Mancini, Y. Summers White)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li S, Tang Y, Zheng Y. How the home learning environment contributes to children's social-emotional competence: A moderated mediation model. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1065978. [PMID: 36865364 PMCID: PMC9971822 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1065978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The home learning environment is the earliest contact learning environment in early childhood development, which plays an important role in the development of children's social-emotional competence. However, previous studies have not clarified the precise mechanisms by which the home learning environment influences children's social-emotional competence. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to explore the relationship between the home learning environment and its intrinsic structure (i.e. structural family characteristics, parental beliefs and interests, and the educational processes) and children's social-emotional competence, and whether gender plays a moderating role in the relationship. Method The study randomly selected a sample of 443 children from 14 kindergartens in western China. The Home Learning Environment Questionnaire and the Chinese Inventory of Children's Social-emotional competence scale were used to investigate the home learning environment and social-emotional competence of these children. Results (1) Structural family characteristics and parental beliefs and interests both had a significant positive predictive effect on children's social-emotional competence. (2) The educational processes fully mediate between structural family characteristics, parental beliefs and interests, and children's social-emotional competence. (3) Gender moderated the effect of the home learning environment on children's social-emotional competence. Gender moderates not only the indirect effects between parental beliefs and interests and children's social-emotional competence, but also the indirect effects between structural family characteristics and children's social-emotional competence. At the same time, gender also moderated the direct effects between parental beliefs and interests and children's social-emotional competence. Discussion The results emphasize the crucial role of the home learning environment in the development of children's early social-emotional competence. Therefore, parents should pay attention to the home learning environment and improve their ability to create a home learning environment that promotes the positive development of children's social-emotional competence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu Tang
- *Correspondence: Shaomei Li,
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- Faculty of Education, Shannxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Berge JM, Tate A, Trofholz A, Kunin-Batson A. Intergenerational Pathways Between Parental Experiences of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Child Weight: Implications for Intervention. J Am Board Fam Med 2023; 36:39-50. [PMID: 36460355 PMCID: PMC11068311 DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2022.220134r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Prior research suggests an association between parental experiencing of 1 or more adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and increased risk for overweight/obesity in children. However, the pathways through which parental experiences of ACEs lead to child weight are unclear. METHODS Participants were parent and child dyads from racially/ethnically diverse and low-income households in Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minnesota, in 2015. Parents completed an online survey regarding their own adverse experiences in childhood, their height and weight, parenting practices, and mental health. Child height and weight were obtained from electronic medical records. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the extent to which parent mental health and parenting practices mediate associations between parental ACEs and child body mass index (BMI) percentile. RESULTS The parent mental health pathway was statistically significant in explaining the intergenerational transmission of parental ACEs to child weight. Parent ACEs were positively associated with low parent mental health, parent low mental health was correlated with higher parent BMI > 25, and parent overweight was positively related to higher child BMI percentile. CONCLUSIONS Study findings suggest that intervening on parent low mental health may be a key factor in reducing the intergenerational transmission between parental ACEs and child weight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jerica M. Berge
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Allan Tate
- University of Georgia, College of Public Health, Athens, GA
| | - Amanda Trofholz
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Alicia Kunin-Batson
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Department of Pediatrics, Minneapolis, MN
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Westcott SK, Lewis TT, Albert MA. Tackling Adversity and Cardiovascular Health: It is About Time. Circulation 2023; 147:e1-e3. [PMID: 36576955 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.122.061763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K Westcott
- Department of Medicine and Center for the Study of Adversity and Cardiovascular Disease (NURTURE Center), Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco (S.K.W., M.A.A.)
| | - Tené T Lewis
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (T.T.L.)
| | - Michelle A Albert
- Department of Medicine and Center for the Study of Adversity and Cardiovascular Disease (NURTURE Center), Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco (S.K.W., M.A.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Rajaprakash M, Dean LT, Palmore M, Johnson SB, Kaufman J, Fallin DM, Ladd-Acosta C. DNA methylation signatures as biomarkers of socioeconomic position. ENVIRONMENTAL EPIGENETICS 2022; 9:dvac027. [PMID: 36694711 PMCID: PMC9869656 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvac027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This review article provides a framework for the use of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation (DNAm) biomarkers to study the biological embedding of socioeconomic position (SEP) and summarizes the latest developments in the area. It presents the emerging literature showing associations between individual- and neighborhood-level SEP exposures and DNAm across the life course. In contrast to questionnaire-based methods of assessing SEP, we suggest that DNAm biomarkers may offer an accessible metric to study questions about SEP and health outcomes, acting as a personal dosimeter of exposure. However, further work remains in standardizing SEP measures across studies and evaluating consistency across domains, tissue types, and time periods. Meta-analyses of epigenetic associations with SEP are offered as one approach to confirm the replication of DNAm loci across studies. The development of DNAm biomarkers of SEP would provide a method for examining its impact on health outcomes in a more robust way, increasing the rigor of epidemiological studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meghna Rajaprakash
- Department of Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Lorraine T Dean
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Meredith Palmore
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Sara B Johnson
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Joan Kaufman
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniele M Fallin
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Wendy Klag Center for Autism and Developmental Disabilities, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Christine Ladd-Acosta
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Wendy Klag Center for Autism and Developmental Disabilities, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Uccellini O, Benlodi A, Caroppo E, Cena L, Esposito G, Fernandez I, Ghazanfar M, Imbasciati A, Longo F, Mazza M, Marano G, Nacinovich R, Pignatto A, Rolnick A, Trivelli M, Spada E, Vanzini C. 1000 Days: The "WeCare Generation" Program-The Ultimate Model for Improving Human Mental Health and Economics: The Study Protocol. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16741. [PMID: 36554625 PMCID: PMC9779238 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic stressed the necessity of a new resilience of the human population and health system. The "WeCare Generation" program is a new proposal of territorial intervention, with a new paradigm, on the diseases of the human body and mind. BACKGROUND In recent decades, the independent strands of investigation on brain plasticity and early trauma consequences have demonstrated that traumatic experiences in the period from pregnancy to the age of 3 years have an enormous impact on an individual's future development, and both physical and mental health. Research shows that adverse child experiences (ACEs) are associated with a strong risk of conditions such as: harmful alcohol use, smoking, illicit drug use, high body-mass index, depression, anxiety, interpersonal violence, cancer, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, stroke respiratory diseases and, as a consequence, to a high financial cost in Italy and also across Europe (1-9% GDP) and the USA (total annual costs estimated to be USD 581 billion in Europe and USD 748 billion in North America). All this suggests that an early intervention on that traumatized-slice of population leads to multiplied savings. METHODS A multi-center, randomized, controlled trial was designed. The parents of the future neonatal population (from pregnancy to delivery) with trauma will be enrolled, and randomized to treatment, or control arm. The article describes in detail how the primary outpoint (cost to the national health system), and some secondary outpoints, will be collected. DISCUSSION An overall rate of return on investment (ROI) statistically significant 13.0% per annum with an associated benefit/cost ratio (BCR) of 6.3 is expected as the primary outcome of the "WeCare Generation" program. Our proposed model predicts a new medical paradigm aiming to empower new generations, with a strong return on economy and health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Benlodi
- Clinical Psychology Unit Carlo Poma Hospital, ASST Mantova, 46100 Mantua, Italy
| | - Emanuele Caroppo
- Department of Mental Health, Local Health Authority Roma 2, 00159 Rome, Italy
| | - Loredana Cena
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Gianluca Esposito
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, 38122 Trent, Italy
| | | | - Maria Ghazanfar
- Maternal and Child Department, ASST Brianza, 20871 Vimercate, Italy
| | - Antonio Imbasciati
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesco Longo
- Cergas Center for Research on Health and Social Care Management, SDA Bocconi University, 20136 Milan, Italy
| | - Marianna Mazza
- Department of Geriatrics, Neuroscience and Orthopedics, Institute of Psychiatry and Psychology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Universita’ Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Marano
- Department of Geriatrics, Neuroscience and Orthopedics, Institute of Psychiatry and Psychology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Universita’ Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Renata Nacinovich
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsichiatry, ASST Monza, NeuroMI—Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Pignatto
- Department of Psychology, IUSTO—Salesian University Institute Torino Rebaudengo, 10155 Turin, Italy
| | - Arthur Rolnick
- Department of Economics, Humphrey School of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Marco Trivelli
- General and Economic Direction, ASST Brianza, 20871 Vimercate, Italy
| | | | - Cinzia Vanzini
- Training Sector Management, ASST Brianza, 20871 Vimercate, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gontijo ML, Moreira JM, Silva TR, Alves CRL. Impact of adverse childhood experiences (ACE) on the development of 18-months-old children. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2022.100401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
|
21
|
Intergenerational continuity of parent-child separation among mother-offspring dyads: Implication for child cognitive development in rural China. Soc Sci Med 2022; 315:115538. [PMID: 36402011 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The labor migration in China often leads to parent-child separation. Research to date has primarily focused on understanding mental and cognitive outcomes for children exposed to parent-child separation, with little consideration for the cumulative effects of intergenerational continuity of parent-child separation. A total of 2729 children between the ages of 4 and 6, along with one parent (primarily mothers, 86.2%) and/or one primary caregiver (if the child is separated from both parents), were recruited in the rural area of Anhui Province, China. A unique subsample of children (n = 249) with persistent experience of parent-child separation or whose mother reported being left behind by her parents during early childhood were enrolled for cognitive assessment. A total of 239 age-, gender- and residence-matched children without any parent-child separation experience were selected as the control group. Child cognitive performance was examined with the Chinese version of the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence, Fourth edition (WPPSI-IV). The association between intergenerational continuity of parent-child separation and child cognition was described using multivariate OLS regression models. Compared to mother-offspring dyads without any history of parent-child separation, girls (n = 236/450, 52.4%) who experienced the intergenerational continuity of parent-child separation showed a significant decrease of 5.73 points (95% CI: -9.83, -1.62; p = 0.006) on full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) and a decrease of 5.71 points (95% CI: -9.80, 1.63; p = 0.006) on verbal comprehension index. No similar result was observed in boys. The cumulative effects of parent-child separation among mother-offspring dyads on child cognitive development highlight the need for effective early intervention to break the intergenerational cycle of disadvantage. Sex differences and possible epigenetic mechanisms underlying the intergenerational effects of parent-child separation warrant further investigation.
Collapse
|
22
|
Maternal childhood trauma is associated with offspring body size during the first year of life. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19619. [PMID: 36380091 PMCID: PMC9666509 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23740-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal childhood trauma (MCT) is an important factor affecting offspring size at birth. Whether the effect of MCT persists during the subsequent development remains unclear. We present the results of a semi-longitudinal investigation examining the physical growth of infants born to mothers with high (HCT) and low (LCT) childhood trauma during the first year of life. One hundred healthy mother-infant dyads were included based on following criteria: exclusive breastfeeding, birth on term with appropriate weight for gestational age. MCT was assessed using the Early Life Stress Questionnaire. The weight, length, and head circumference of the infant were taken at birth, 5 and 12 months postpartum. Separate MANCOVA models were run for infant size at each age. We found an association between MCT and infant size at 5 and 12 months. The children of mothers with HCT had higher weight and greater head circumference than the children of mothers with LCT. These results suggest that MCT might contribute to developmental programming of offspring growth during the first year of life. From an evolutionary perspective, the larger size of HCT mother's offspring might represent an adaptation to potentially harsh environmental conditions. This effect might be mediated by epigenetic changes to DNA and altered breast milk composition.
Collapse
|
23
|
Bajinka O, Barrow A, Mendy S, Jallow BJJ, Jallow J, Barrow S, Bah O, Camara S, Colley ML, Nyabally S, Joof AN, Qi M, Tan Y. The Influence of Parental Environmental Exposure and Nutrient Restriction on the Early Life of Offspring Growth in Gambia-A Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13045. [PMID: 36293620 PMCID: PMC9603272 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of the germline in epigenetic transgenerational inheritance starts with environmental factors, acting on the first generation of a gestating mother. These factors influence the developing second-generation fetus by altering gonadal development, thereby reprogramming the primordial germ cell DNA methylation and leading to consequences that might be seen along generations. OBJECTIVE Despite these epigenetic factors now surfacing, the few available studies are on animal-based experiments, and conducting a follow-up on human intergenerational trials might take decades. To this response, this study aimed to determine the influence of parental energy, toxicant exposure, age, and nutrient restriction on the early life of offspring growth in Gambia. METHOD This pilot study was based on population observation and combined both maternal and paternal factors across the country between August and October 2021. It captures the lifestyle and health detailed account of 339 reproductive parents and their last born (child under 5 years) using a structured interview questionnaire performed by nurses and public health officers. RESULTS This study showed that parents who worked in industrial areas were more likely to have offspring with poor psychosocial skills. In addition, mothers who are exposed to oxidative stress and high temperatures are more likely to have offspring with poor psychosocial skills. Mothers who consume a high-protein diet were almost three times more likely to have infants with good psychosocial skills in their offspring. Furthermore, there was a negative correlation between maternal stress during pregnancy and the psychosocial skills of offspring. CONCLUSION This study was able to ascertain if the maternal diet during gestation, toxicant exposure, maternal stress, and parental smoking habits have an influence on the early life of offspring. While the study recommends a large sample size study to eliminate selection bias, there should be an increased level of awareness of mothers of their offspring's health and their husbands' lifestyles that might influence the adulthood health of their offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ousman Bajinka
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, School of Basic and Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- School of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of The Gambia, Kanifing 3530, The Gambia
| | - Amadou Barrow
- School of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of The Gambia, Kanifing 3530, The Gambia
| | - Sang Mendy
- Ministry of Health, Banjul P.O. Box 273, The Gambia
| | - Binta J. J. Jallow
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Jarry Jallow
- School of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of The Gambia, Kanifing 3530, The Gambia
| | - Sulayman Barrow
- School of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of The Gambia, Kanifing 3530, The Gambia
| | - Ousman Bah
- Ministry of Health, Banjul P.O. Box 273, The Gambia
| | - Saikou Camara
- School of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of The Gambia, Kanifing 3530, The Gambia
| | - Modou Lamin Colley
- School of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of The Gambia, Kanifing 3530, The Gambia
| | - Sankung Nyabally
- School of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of The Gambia, Kanifing 3530, The Gambia
| | - Amie N. Joof
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Mingming Qi
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410017, China
| | - Yurong Tan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, School of Basic and Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Maternal Childhood Maltreatment Is Associated With Lower Infant Gray Matter Volume and Amygdala Volume During the First Two Years of Life. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 2:440-449. [PMID: 36324649 PMCID: PMC9616256 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Childhood maltreatment affects approximately 25% of the world's population. Importantly, the children of mothers who have been maltreated are at increased risk of behavioral problems. Thus, one important priority is to identify child neurobiological processes associated with maternal childhood maltreatment (MCM) that might contribute to such intergenerational transmission. This study assessed the impact of MCM on infant gray and white matter volumes and infant amygdala and hippocampal volumes during the first 2 years of life. Methods Fifty-seven mothers with 4-month-old infants were assessed for MCM, using both the brief Adverse Childhood Experiences screening questionnaire and the more detailed Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure scale. A total of 58% had experienced childhood maltreatment. Between 4 and 24 months (age in months: mean = 12.28, SD = 5.99), under natural sleep, infants completed a magnetic resonance imaging scan using a 3T Siemens scanner. Total brain volume, gray matter volume, white matter volume, and amygdala and hippocampal volumes were extracted via automated segmentation. Results MCM on the Adverse Childhood Experiences and Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure scales were associated with lower infant total brain volume and gray matter volume, with no moderation by infant age. However, infant age moderated the association between MCM and right amygdala volume, such that MCM was associated with lower volume at older ages. Conclusions MCM is associated with alterations in infant brain volumes, calling for further identification of the prenatal and postnatal mechanisms contributing to such intergenerational transmission. Furthermore, the brief Adverse Childhood Experiences questionnaire predicted these alterations, suggesting the potential utility of early screening for infant risk.
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
South Asian American (SAA) youth are culturally diverse with respect to migration patterns, language, religion, and social determinants of health. Culturally specific stressors related to family, acculturation, discrimination, and intersectionality converge during developmentally sensitive periods, impacting mental health and identity development. "Model minority" stereotypes and somatic expressions of distress contribute to underdetection and limited perceived need for treatment. SAA families navigate structural barriers, including limited access to culturally tailored services, limited English proficiency, referral bias, and stigma, resulting in underutilization of services. Cultural considerations must be integrated into diagnostic conceptualization and treatment recommendations to effectively engage SAA youth and families in treatment.
Collapse
|
26
|
León I, Herrero Roldán S, Rodrigo MJ, López Rodríguez M, Fisher J, Mitchell C, Lage-Castellanos A. The shared mother-child epigenetic signature of neglect is related to maternal adverse events. Front Physiol 2022; 13:966740. [PMID: 36091392 PMCID: PMC9448913 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.966740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of DNA methylation have revealed the biological mechanisms by which life adversity confers risk for later physical and mental health problems. What remains unknown is the “biologically embedding” of maternal adverse experiences resulting in maladaptive parenting and whether these epigenetic effects are transmitted to the next generation. This study focuses on neglectful mothering indexed by a severe disregard for the basic and psychological needs of the child. Using the Illumina Human Methylation EPIC BeadChip in saliva samples, we identified genes with differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in those mothers with (n = 51), versus those without (n = 87), neglectful behavior that present similar DMRs patterns in their children being neglected versus non-neglected (n = 40 vs. 75). Mothers reported the emotional intensity of adverse life events. After covariate adjustment and multiple testing corrections, we identified 69 DMRs in the mother epigenome and 42 DMRs in the child epigenome that were simultaneously above the α = 0.01 threshold. The common set of nine DMRs contained genes related to childhood adversity, neonatal and infant diabetes, child neurobehavioral development and other health problems such as obesity, hypertension, cancer, posttraumatic stress, and the Alzheimer’s disease; four of the genes were associated with maternal life adversity. Identifying a shared epigenetic signature of neglect linked to maternal life adversity is an essential step in breaking the intergenerational transmission of one of the most common forms of childhood maltreatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada León
- Instituto Universitario de Neurociencia, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de la Laguna, Spain
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de la Laguna, Spain
| | - Silvia Herrero Roldán
- Instituto Universitario de Neurociencia, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de la Laguna, Spain
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de la Laguna, Spain
- *Correspondence: Silvia Herrero Roldán,
| | - María José Rodrigo
- Instituto Universitario de Neurociencia, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de la Laguna, Spain
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de la Laguna, Spain
| | - Maykel López Rodríguez
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jonah Fisher
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Abor, MI, United States
| | - Colter Mitchell
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Abor, MI, United States
| | - Agustín Lage-Castellanos
- Department of NeuroInformatics, Cuban Center for Neuroscience, Havana, Cuba
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Huggins AA, McTeague LM, Davis MM, Bustos N, Crum KI, Polcyn R, Adams ZW, Carpenter LA, Hajcak G, Halliday CA, Joseph JE, Danielson CK. Neighborhood Disadvantage Associated With Blunted Amygdala Reactivity to Predictable and Unpredictable Threat in a Community Sample of Youth. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 2:242-252. [PMID: 35928141 PMCID: PMC9348572 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood socioeconomic disadvantage is a form of adversity associated with alterations in critical frontolimbic circuits involved in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. Most work has focused on individual-level socioeconomic position, yet individuals living in deprived communities typically encounter additional environmental stressors that have unique effects on the brain and health outcomes. Notably, chronic and unpredictable stressors experienced in the everyday lives of youth living in disadvantaged neighborhoods may impact neural responsivity to uncertain threat. METHODS A community sample of children (N = 254) ages 8 to 15 years (mean = 12.15) completed a picture anticipation task during a functional magnetic resonance imaging scan, during which neutral and negatively valenced photos were presented in a temporally predictable or unpredictable manner. Area Deprivation Index (ADI) scores were derived from participants' home addresses as an index of relative neighborhood disadvantage. Voxelwise analyses examined interactions of ADI, valence, and predictability on neural response to picture presentation. RESULTS There was a significant ADI × valence interaction in the middle temporal gyrus, anterior cingulate cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala. Higher ADI was associated with less amygdala activation to negatively valenced images. ADI also interacted with predictability. Higher ADI was associated with greater activation of lingual and calcarine gyri for unpredictably presented stimuli. There was no three-way interaction of ADI, valence, and predictability. CONCLUSIONS Neighborhood disadvantage may impact how the brain perceives and responds to potential threats. Future longitudinal work is critical for delineating how such effects may persist across the life span and how health outcomes may be modifiable with community-based interventions and policies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley A. Huggins
- Duke-UNC Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Lisa M. McTeague
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Megan M. Davis
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Nicholas Bustos
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Kathleen I. Crum
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Rachel Polcyn
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Zachary W. Adams
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Laura A. Carpenter
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Greg Hajcak
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Colleen A. Halliday
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Jane E. Joseph
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Carla Kmett Danielson
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Lin B, Appleton AA. Developmental Origins of Pregnancy-Related Morbidity and Mortality in Black U.S. Women. Front Public Health 2022; 10:853018. [PMID: 35769781 PMCID: PMC9234444 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.853018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the US, Black women are at disproportionate risk for pregnancy-related morbidity and mortality (PRMM). Disparities in PRMM have been tied to elevated rates of obstetric cardiometabolic complications for Black women. Research seeking to elucidate the determinants of Black PRMM to date have focused predominantly on risk factors occurring during pregnancy (e.g., health risk behaviors, quantity and quality of prenatal care, provider behaviors, and attitudes). Meanwhile, other research investigating the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) model indicates that the origins of adult cardiometabolic health can be traced back to stress exposures occurring during the intrauterine and early life periods. Despite the relevancy of this work to Black PRMM, the DOHaD model has never been applied to investigate the determinants of Black PRMM. We argue that the DOHaD model represents a compelling theoretical framework from which to conceptualize factors that drive racial disparities PRMM. Research and intervention working from a developmental origins orientation may help address this urgent public health crisis of Black PRMM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Betty Lin
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Betty Lin
| | - Allison A. Appleton
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hankerson SH, Moise N, Wilson D, Waller BY, Arnold KT, Duarte C, Lugo-Candelas C, Weissman MM, Wainberg M, Yehuda R, Shim R. The Intergenerational Impact of Structural Racism and Cumulative Trauma on Depression. Am J Psychiatry 2022; 179:434-440. [PMID: 35599541 PMCID: PMC9373857 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.21101000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Depression among individuals who have been racially and ethnically minoritized in the United States can be vastly different from that of non-Hispanic White Americans. For example, African American adults who have depression rate their symptoms as more severe, have a longer course of illness, and experience more depression-associated disability. The purpose of this review was to conceptualize how structural racism and cumulative trauma can be fundamental drivers of the intergenerational transmission of depression. The authors propose that understanding risk factors for depression, particularly its intergenerational reach, requires accounting for structural racism. In light of the profoundly different experiences of African Americans who experience depression (i.e., a more persistent course of illness and greater disability), it is critical to examine whether an emerging explanation for some of these differences is the intergenerational transmission of this disorder due to structural racism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sidney H Hankerson
- Department of Psychiatry (Hankerson, Yehuda) and Department of Population Health Sciences and Policy (Hankerson), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Department of Medicine (Moise, Wilson) and Department of Psychiatry (Waller, Duarte, Lugo-Candelas, Wainberg), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York; City University of New York (Wilson); New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York (Waller, Duarte, Lugo-Candelas, Wainberg, Weissman); Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Perelman School of Medicine and Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Arnold); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York (Weissman); James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, N.Y. (Yehuda); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Davis (Shim)
| | - Nathalie Moise
- Department of Psychiatry (Hankerson, Yehuda) and Department of Population Health Sciences and Policy (Hankerson), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Department of Medicine (Moise, Wilson) and Department of Psychiatry (Waller, Duarte, Lugo-Candelas, Wainberg), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York; City University of New York (Wilson); New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York (Waller, Duarte, Lugo-Candelas, Wainberg, Weissman); Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Perelman School of Medicine and Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Arnold); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York (Weissman); James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, N.Y. (Yehuda); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Davis (Shim)
| | - Diane Wilson
- Department of Psychiatry (Hankerson, Yehuda) and Department of Population Health Sciences and Policy (Hankerson), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Department of Medicine (Moise, Wilson) and Department of Psychiatry (Waller, Duarte, Lugo-Candelas, Wainberg), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York; City University of New York (Wilson); New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York (Waller, Duarte, Lugo-Candelas, Wainberg, Weissman); Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Perelman School of Medicine and Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Arnold); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York (Weissman); James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, N.Y. (Yehuda); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Davis (Shim)
| | - Bernadine Y Waller
- Department of Psychiatry (Hankerson, Yehuda) and Department of Population Health Sciences and Policy (Hankerson), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Department of Medicine (Moise, Wilson) and Department of Psychiatry (Waller, Duarte, Lugo-Candelas, Wainberg), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York; City University of New York (Wilson); New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York (Waller, Duarte, Lugo-Candelas, Wainberg, Weissman); Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Perelman School of Medicine and Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Arnold); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York (Weissman); James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, N.Y. (Yehuda); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Davis (Shim)
| | - Kimberly T Arnold
- Department of Psychiatry (Hankerson, Yehuda) and Department of Population Health Sciences and Policy (Hankerson), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Department of Medicine (Moise, Wilson) and Department of Psychiatry (Waller, Duarte, Lugo-Candelas, Wainberg), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York; City University of New York (Wilson); New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York (Waller, Duarte, Lugo-Candelas, Wainberg, Weissman); Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Perelman School of Medicine and Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Arnold); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York (Weissman); James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, N.Y. (Yehuda); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Davis (Shim)
| | - Cristiane Duarte
- Department of Psychiatry (Hankerson, Yehuda) and Department of Population Health Sciences and Policy (Hankerson), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Department of Medicine (Moise, Wilson) and Department of Psychiatry (Waller, Duarte, Lugo-Candelas, Wainberg), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York; City University of New York (Wilson); New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York (Waller, Duarte, Lugo-Candelas, Wainberg, Weissman); Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Perelman School of Medicine and Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Arnold); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York (Weissman); James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, N.Y. (Yehuda); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Davis (Shim)
| | - Claudia Lugo-Candelas
- Department of Psychiatry (Hankerson, Yehuda) and Department of Population Health Sciences and Policy (Hankerson), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Department of Medicine (Moise, Wilson) and Department of Psychiatry (Waller, Duarte, Lugo-Candelas, Wainberg), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York; City University of New York (Wilson); New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York (Waller, Duarte, Lugo-Candelas, Wainberg, Weissman); Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Perelman School of Medicine and Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Arnold); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York (Weissman); James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, N.Y. (Yehuda); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Davis (Shim)
| | - Myrna M Weissman
- Department of Psychiatry (Hankerson, Yehuda) and Department of Population Health Sciences and Policy (Hankerson), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Department of Medicine (Moise, Wilson) and Department of Psychiatry (Waller, Duarte, Lugo-Candelas, Wainberg), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York; City University of New York (Wilson); New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York (Waller, Duarte, Lugo-Candelas, Wainberg, Weissman); Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Perelman School of Medicine and Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Arnold); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York (Weissman); James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, N.Y. (Yehuda); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Davis (Shim)
| | - Milton Wainberg
- Department of Psychiatry (Hankerson, Yehuda) and Department of Population Health Sciences and Policy (Hankerson), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Department of Medicine (Moise, Wilson) and Department of Psychiatry (Waller, Duarte, Lugo-Candelas, Wainberg), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York; City University of New York (Wilson); New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York (Waller, Duarte, Lugo-Candelas, Wainberg, Weissman); Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Perelman School of Medicine and Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Arnold); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York (Weissman); James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, N.Y. (Yehuda); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Davis (Shim)
| | - Rachel Yehuda
- Department of Psychiatry (Hankerson, Yehuda) and Department of Population Health Sciences and Policy (Hankerson), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Department of Medicine (Moise, Wilson) and Department of Psychiatry (Waller, Duarte, Lugo-Candelas, Wainberg), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York; City University of New York (Wilson); New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York (Waller, Duarte, Lugo-Candelas, Wainberg, Weissman); Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Perelman School of Medicine and Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Arnold); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York (Weissman); James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, N.Y. (Yehuda); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Davis (Shim)
| | - Ruth Shim
- Department of Psychiatry (Hankerson, Yehuda) and Department of Population Health Sciences and Policy (Hankerson), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Department of Medicine (Moise, Wilson) and Department of Psychiatry (Waller, Duarte, Lugo-Candelas, Wainberg), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York; City University of New York (Wilson); New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York (Waller, Duarte, Lugo-Candelas, Wainberg, Weissman); Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Perelman School of Medicine and Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Arnold); Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York (Weissman); James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, N.Y. (Yehuda); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Davis (Shim)
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Nicholson N, Rhoades EA, Glade RE. Analysis of Health Disparities in the Screening and Diagnosis of Hearing Loss: Early Hearing Detection and Intervention Hearing Screening Follow-Up Survey. Am J Audiol 2022; 31:764-788. [PMID: 35613624 DOI: 10.1044/2022_aja-21-00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to (a) provide introductory literature regarding cultural constructs, health disparities, and social determinants of health (SDoH); (b) summarize the literature regarding the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (EHDI) Hearing Screening Follow-Up Survey (HSFS) data; (c) explore the CDC EHDI HSFS data regarding the contribution of maternal demographics to loss-to-follow-up/loss-to-documentation (LTF/D) between hearing screening and audiologic diagnosis for 2016, 2017, and 2018; and (d) examine these health disparities within the context of potential ethnoracial biases. METHOD This is a comprehensive narrative literature review of cultural constructs, hearing health disparities, and SDoH as they relate to the CDC EHDI HSFS data. We explore the maternal demographic data reported on the CDC EHDI website and report disparities for maternal age, education, ethnicity, and race for 2016, 2017, and 2018. We focus on LTF/D for screening and diagnosis within the context of racial and cultural bias. RESULTS A literature review demonstrates the increase in quality of the CDC EHDI HSFS data over the past 2 decades. LTF/D rates for hearing screening and audiologic diagnostic testing have improved from higher than 60% to current rates of less than 30%. Comparisons of diagnostic completion rates reported on the CDC website for the EHDI HSFS 2016, 2017, and 2018 data show trends for maternal age, education, and race, but not for ethnicity. Trends were defined as changes more than 10% for variables averaged over a 3-year period (2016-2018). CONCLUSIONS Although there have been significant improvements in LTF/D over the past 2 decades, there continue to be opportunities for further improvement. Beyond neonatal screening, delays continue to be reported in the diagnosis of young children with hearing loss. Notwithstanding the extraordinarily diverse families within the United States, the imperative is to minimize such delays so that all children with hearing loss can, at the very least, have auditory accessibility to spoken language by 3 months of age. Conscious awareness is essential before developing a potentially effective plan of action that might remediate the problem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rachel E. Glade
- Communication Science and Disorders, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Voegtline KM, Dhaurali S, Wainger J, Lauzon S. Ontogeny of the Dyad: the Relationship Between Maternal and Offspring Neuroendocrine Function. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2022; 24:297-306. [PMID: 35451797 PMCID: PMC9648681 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-022-01337-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We review ontogeny of the maternal-offspring neuroendocrine relationship in human pregnancy. We present bidirectional genetic, physiological, and behavioral influences that enhance or disrupt HPA activity and its end product cortisol at the individual level and within the dyad. RECENT FINDINGS Consistent evidence supports that maternal mood and caregiving behavior are associated with maternal and offspring cortisol levels. Select studies support the buffering effects of antidepressant use and maternal positive affect on offspring cortisol. Growing research highlights evocative effects of fetal neuroendocrine activity, antenatal gene transfer, and infant behavioral distress and risk characteristics on maternal cortisol levels and dyadic attunement. There is potential to advance our understanding of the mother-offspring neuroendocrine relationship by consideration of other neuroactive steroids in addition to cortisol, and to consider developmental timing and measurement source in study design. Future study should emphasize in what context or for whom neuroendocrine attunement is adaptive versus maladaptive for mother and child.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M. Voegtline
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics,Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health
| | | | - Julia Wainger
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics
| | - Sylvie Lauzon
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Fortuna LR, Tobón AL, Anglero YL, Postlethwaite A, Porche MV, Rothe EM. Focusing on Racial, Historical and Intergenerational Trauma, and Resilience: A Paradigm to Better Serving Children and Families. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am 2022; 31:237-250. [PMID: 35361362 DOI: 10.1016/j.chc.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Research across populations demonstrates that intergenerational trauma can have lasting biological, psychological, and social consequences and affects groups of individuals in different ways. An appreciation of intergenerational trauma as experienced in diverse populations is important not only for understanding vulnerabilities and risk but also for cultivating opportunities for posttraumatic growth and healing. Understanding the contexts of trauma for children and families and the unveiling of structural inequities, both past and present, offers the opportunity to address these in using clinical and systems of care approaches in the public health spheres.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa R Fortuna
- University of California San Francisco, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 1001 Potrero Avenue 7M8, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.
| | - Amalia Londoño Tobón
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yohanis Leonor Anglero
- Boston Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Michelle V Porche
- University of California San Francisco, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 1001 Potrero Avenue 7M8, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
| | - Eugenio M Rothe
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine Florida International University, FIU Health Miami, 11200 Southwest 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Condon EM, Dettmer A, Baker E, McFaul C, Stover CS. Early Life Adversity and Males: Biology, Behavior, and Implications for Fathers' Parenting. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 135:104531. [PMID: 35063493 PMCID: PMC9236197 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Fathers have an important and unique influence on child development, but influences on fathers' parenting have been vastly understudied in the scientific literature. In particular, very little empirical research exists on the effects of early life adversity (ELA; e.g. childhood maltreatment, parental separation) on later parenting among fathers. In this review, we draw from both the human and non-human animal literature to examine the effects of ELA, specifically among males, in the following areas: 1) neurobiology and neurocognitive functioning, 2) hormones and hormone receptors, 3) gene-environment interactions and epigenetics, and 4) behavior and development. Based on these findings, we present a conceptual model to describe the biological and behavioral pathways through which exposure to ELA may influence parenting among males, with a goal of guiding future research and intervention development in this area. Empirical studies are needed to improve understanding of the relationship between ELA and father's parenting, inform the development of paternal and biparental interventions, and prevent intergenerational transmission of ELA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eileen M Condon
- University of Connecticut School of Nursing, 231 Glenbrook Rd, Storrs CT 06269, United States; Yale Early Stress and Adversity Consortium, United States.
| | - Amanda Dettmer
- Yale Early Stress and Adversity Consortium, United States; Yale Child Study Center, 230 S Frontage Rd, New Haven, CT 06519, United States
| | - Ellie Baker
- Yale Child Study Center, 230 S Frontage Rd, New Haven, CT 06519, United States; Division of Psychology and Language Science, University College London (UCL), 26 Bedford Way, Bloomsbury, London WC1H 0AP, United Kingdom
| | - Ciara McFaul
- Yale Child Study Center, 230 S Frontage Rd, New Haven, CT 06519, United States
| | - Carla Smith Stover
- Yale Early Stress and Adversity Consortium, United States; Yale Child Study Center, 230 S Frontage Rd, New Haven, CT 06519, United States
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Mosha N, Mshana G, Toska E, Hertzog L, Desmond C, Cluver L, Kapiga S, Stöckl H. Intergenerational education and violence effects on adolescent education, early employment and adolescent parenting. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2022; 27:167-180. [PMID: 35959944 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2022.2108083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Adolescence is a crucial phase in life, when foundations are established for future health . Therefore, supporting adolescents is necessary to meet the sustainable development goals by 2030. Evidence on the intergenerational transmission of poverty, education and violence suggests that to improve adolescents' well-being, the broader context in which they grow up needs to be understood when developing programmes and approaches to improve their lives. Our study explored intergenerational factors and early childhood influences on adolescent education, employment and parenthood, using the fourth wave of the MAISHA longitudinal study. This study took place in 2016-2021 among 986 adult women in Mwanza, Tanzania, including questions answered by the women on their adolescent's (aged 13-18) education, employment and parenthood, as well as their participation in early childhood programmes, education attainment and other socio-economic variables. Among the 577 mothers in our analysis who had adolescents living in their households, 32% reported that their adolescents did not attend secondary school, 11% were employed, 4% were pregnant or parents. For adolescents in secondary school, 15% ever failed a grade and 10% missed school more than 2 weeks in the last term. Grandparents' not having secondary education was significantly associated with adolescents not attending secondary education and being employed. Living in a female-headed household and mother's experience of intimate partner violence was associated with adolescent early employment. Early childhood influences showed no impact on any outcome in the multivariate analysis. Overall, we report a strong intergenerational impact of education on adolescent outcomes, suggesting the adoption of a strong policy focus on the provision of secondary education for both men and women due to its long-lasting effect. Interventions aimed at improving adolescent outcomes need to be long-term and invest in whole family poverty reduction measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neema Mosha
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany.,Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Gerry Mshana
- Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit, Mwanza, Tanzania.,National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Elona Toska
- Centre for Social Science Research, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Department for Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lucas Hertzog
- Centre for Social Science Research, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Chris Desmond
- Centre for Rural Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Lucie Cluver
- Department for Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Saidi Kapiga
- Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit, Mwanza, Tanzania.,London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Heidi Stöckl
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany.,London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Senehi N, Flykt M, Biringen Z, Laudenslager ML, Watamura SE, Garrett BA, Kominsky TK, Wurster HE, Sarche M. Emotional Availability as a Moderator of Stress for Young Children and Parents in Two Diverse Early Head Start Samples. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2021:10.1007/s11121-021-01307-7. [PMID: 34773574 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-021-01307-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Positive parent-child relationship quality is critical for buffering children from the effects of stress on development. It is thus vital to develop interventions that target parent-child relationship quality for families experiencing stress. We examined the moderating role of parent-child relationship quality (as measured by parental emotional availability [EA]) in the intergenerational association between parental adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and their young children's hair cortisol concentrations (HCCs)-a physiological marker of cumulative hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA)-axis activity. Using data from 127 parent-child dyads collected by two of six ACF-funded Buffering Toxic Stress consortium sites, we tested interaction effects of parental ACEs with parental EA on young children's (Mage = 18.38, SDage = 7.10) HCC. Results revealed curvilinear main effects such that higher parental ACEs were significantly associated with greater HCC and stronger associations occurred at higher levels of parental ACEs. However, this association was moderated by parental EA. Thus, among children with higher parental history of ACEs, children of parents with higher EA had lower HCC compared to children of parents with lower EA. These findings provide support for the risk-buffering and risk-exacerbating role of parent-child relationship quality (e.g., EA) for the transmission of parents' early life adversity on their children's HPA-axis activity, documented here in a racially and ethnically diverse sample of children and parents served by Early Head Start. Findings suggest that intervention and prevention efforts targeting stress response in children of mothers with childhood adversity should also support parents in building an emotionally available relationship with their children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neda Senehi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 31001 E 17th Place, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Marjo Flykt
- Faculty of Social Sciences/Psychology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine/Psychology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Zeynep Biringen
- Department of Human Development and Family Services, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, USA
| | - Mark L Laudenslager
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 31001 E 17th Place, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | | | | | - Hannah E Wurster
- Department of Human Development and Family Services, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, USA
| | - Michelle Sarche
- Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Scher MS. Neurologic Sequelae Associated with Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 8:945. [PMID: 34828658 PMCID: PMC8617864 DOI: 10.3390/children8110945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) contribute to adverse gene-environment interactions prior to conception and continue throughout pregnancy. Embryonic/fetal brain disorders occur from interactions between genetic susceptibilities interacting with acquired diseases or conditions affecting the maternal/placental fetal (MPF) triad. Trimester-specific pathophysiological mechanisms, such as maternal immune activation and ischemic placental syndrome, contribute to adverse peripartum, neonatal and childhood outcomes. Two diagnostic approaches provide timelier diagnoses over the first 1000 days from conception until two years of age. Horizontal analyses assess the maturation of the triad, neonate and child. Vertical analyses consider systems-biology from genetic, molecular, cellular, tissue through organ networks during each developmental niche. Disease expressions associated with HDP have cumulative adverse effects across the lifespan when subjected to subsequent adverse events. Critical/sensitive periods of developmental neuroplasticity over the first 1000 days are more likely to result in permanent sequelae. Novel diagnostic approaches, beginning during pre-conception, will facilitate the development of effective preventive, rescue and reparative neurotherapeutic strategies in response to HDP-related trimester-specific disease pathways. Public health policies require the inclusion of women's health advocacy during and beyond their reproductive years to reduce sequelae experienced by mothers and their offspring. A lower global burden of neurologic disease from HDP will benefit future generations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark S. Scher
- Pediatrics and Neurology, Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology Fetal/Neonatal Neurology Program, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ho TC, King LS. Mechanisms of neuroplasticity linking early adversity to depression: developmental considerations. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:517. [PMID: 34628465 PMCID: PMC8501358 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01639-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Early exposure to psychosocial adversity is among the most potent predictors of depression. Because depression commonly emerges prior to adulthood, we must consider the fundamental principles of developmental neuroscience when examining how experiences of childhood adversity, including abuse and neglect, can lead to depression. Considering that both the environment and the brain are highly dynamic across the period spanning gestation through adolescence, the purpose of this review is to discuss and integrate stress-based models of depression that center developmental processes. We offer a general framework for understanding how psychosocial adversity in early life disrupts or calibrates the biobehavioral systems implicated in depression. Specifically, we propose that the sources and nature of the environmental input shaping the brain, and the mechanisms of neuroplasticity involved, change across development. We contend that the effects of adversity largely depend on the developmental stage of the organism. First, we summarize leading neurobiological models that focus on the effects of adversity on risk for mental disorders, including depression. In particular, we highlight models of allostatic load, acceleration maturation, dimensions of adversity, and sensitive or critical periods. Second, we expound on and review evidence for the formulation that distinct mechanisms of neuroplasticity are implicated depending on the timing of adverse experiences, and that inherent within certain windows of development are constraints on the sources and nature of these experiences. Finally, we consider other important facets of adverse experiences (e.g., environmental unpredictability, perceptions of one's experiences) before discussing promising research directions for the future of the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany C Ho
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Lucy S King
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Howell KH, Miller-Graff LE, Martinez-Torteya C, Napier TR, Carney JR. Charting a Course towards Resilience Following Adverse Childhood Experiences: Addressing Intergenerational Trauma via Strengths-Based Intervention. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8100844. [PMID: 34682109 PMCID: PMC8534646 DOI: 10.3390/children8100844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Early research on adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) provided staggering evidence of the significant ramifications of ACEs on physical health and functioning. It brought to the forefront the importance of addressing trauma and family dysfunction to enhance public health. Over the past several decades, the study of childhood adversity has blossomed, with expanded conceptualizations and assessments of ACEs. This review brings together various biological, psychological, and sociological principles that inform our understanding of ACEs and our approach to treatment. Specifically, we document the evolution of ACEs research, focusing on the intergenerational impact of ACEs, the importance of incorporating a resilience framework when examining ACEs, and implementing interventions that address adversity across generations and at multiple levels of the social ecology. Evidence is provided to support the evolving perspective that ACEs have long-lasting effects beyond the ACE(s)-exposed individual, with significant attention to the impact of parental ACEs on child development. An intergenerational and multilevel approach to understanding and addressing ACEs offers specific areas to target in interventions and in public policy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn H. Howell
- Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Laura E. Miller-Graff
- Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; (L.E.M.-G.); (J.R.C.)
- Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | | | - Taylor R. Napier
- Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA;
| | - Jessica R. Carney
- Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; (L.E.M.-G.); (J.R.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Merrill SM, Moore SR, Gladish N, Giesbrecht GF, Dewey D, Konwar C, MacIssac JL, Kobor MS, Letourneau NL. Paternal adverse childhood experiences: Associations with infant DNA methylation. Dev Psychobiol 2021; 63:e22174. [PMID: 34333774 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), or cumulative childhood stress exposures, such as abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction, predict later health problems in both the exposed individuals and their offspring. One potential explanation suggests exposure to early adversity predicts epigenetic modification, especially DNA methylation (DNAm), linked to later health. Stress experienced preconception by mothers may associate with DNAm in the next generation. We hypothesized that fathers' exposure to ACEs also associates with their offspring DNAm, which, to our knowledge, has not been previously explored. An epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) of blood DNAm (n = 45) from 3-month-old infants was regressed onto fathers' retrospective ACEs at multiple Cytosine-phosphate-Guanosine (CpG) sites to discover associations. This accounted for infants' sex, age, ethnicity, cell type proportion, and genetic variability. Higher ACE scores associated with methylation values at eight CpGs. Post-hoc analysis found no contribution of paternal education, income, marital status, and parental postpartum depression, but did with paternal smoking and BMI along with infant sleep latency. These same CpGs also contributed to the association between paternal ACEs and offspring attention problems at 3 years. Collectively, these findings suggested there were biological associations with paternal early life adversity and offspring DNAm in infancy, potentially affecting offspring later childhood outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Merrill
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute Vancouver, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sarah R Moore
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute Vancouver, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nicole Gladish
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute Vancouver, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Gerald F Giesbrecht
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Owerko Centre at the Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Deborah Dewey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Owerko Centre at the Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Chaini Konwar
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute Vancouver, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Julia L MacIssac
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute Vancouver, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michael S Kobor
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute Vancouver, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Program in Child and Brain Development, CIFAR, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicole L Letourneau
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Owerko Centre at the Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Variation in self-identified most stressful life event by outcome of previous pregnancy in a population-based sample interviewed 6-36 months following delivery. Soc Sci Med 2021; 282:114138. [PMID: 34153818 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The majority of health research uses a deductive approach to measure stressful life events, despite evidence that perception of what is stressful varies. The goal of this project was to 1) describe the distribution of self-identified most stressful life events in a cohort of women who experienced a perinatal loss (stillbirth or neonatal death) or live birth in the previous three years and 2) test how childhood adversity influences participant selection of their most stressful life event. We used data from 987 women (282 with stillbirth, 657 without loss, and 48 with a neonatal death in the first 28 days) in the Stillbirth Collaborative Research Network - OASIS (Outcomes after Study Index Stillbirth) follow-up study, a population-based sample set in five U.S. states in 2009. We applied an inductive coding process to open-ended responses to a question about the most stressful event or major crisis that participants had ever experienced, resulting in a set of 15 categories. We compare psychologic wellbeing across self-identified most stressful life event, accounting for sampling and loss-to-follow-up weights. Overall, stillbirth was most commonly identified as the most stressful event (18.3% [95% CI: 15.6, 21.5]), followed by loss by death of someone other than a child (17.25% [95% CI: 13.9, 20.3]). For participants who experienced a perinatal loss, we fit multivariable logistic regression models to quantify the association between report of childhood maltreatment and identifying the perinatal loss as the most stressful life event, calculating risk ratios (RRs). Reporting any moderate or severe childhood maltreatment was associated with 24% lower risk of identifying the perinatal loss as the most stressful life event (adjusted RR: 0.76 [95% CI: 0.58, 1.01]), after adjusting for race/ethnicity, age, and education. These results demonstrate the value of combining standardized measures with open-ended, inductive approaches to measuring stress in large, population-based studies.
Collapse
|
41
|
Mallinson PAC, Kulkarni B, Bhogadi S, Kinra S. Association between parents' socioeconomic conditions and nutritional status during childhood and the risk of cardiovascular disease in their adult offspring: an intergenerational study in south India. J Epidemiol Community Health 2021; 75:1091-1097. [PMID: 33980719 PMCID: PMC8515111 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2020-216261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Some researchers have suggested that parents’ exposure to poor socioeconomic conditions during childhood can increase their offspring’s risk of cardiovascular disease, primarily through poor maternal nutrition and growth. However, epidemiological data on this association are limited. In an intergenerational cohort from rural India, we examined the association of parental childhood socioeconomic conditions and stature with offspring’s cardiovascular risk, hypothesising an inverse association between the two. Methods We analysed data on 3175 adult offspring (aged 18–35 years, 58% men) and their parents from the third wave of the Andhra Pradesh Children and Parents’ Study (2010–12). We used multilevel linear regression to estimate the association of parents’ Standard of Living Index (SLI, an asset-based measure of socioeconomic conditions) in childhood, height and leg length with subclinical atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk factors in their offspring. Results In multivariable models adjusted for offspring’s socioeconomic conditions in childhood and adulthood, associations (beta coefficients and 95% CIs) of mother’s and father’s childhood SLI (per SD) were −0.00 mm (−0.01, 0.01) and 0.01 mm (−0.00, 0.02) for carotid intima media thickness, −0.17 mm Hg (−0.61, 0.27) and −0.30 mm Hg (−0.78, 0.20) for systolic blood pressure, −0.43 mg/dL (−2.00, 1.15) and −1.07 mg/dL (−2.79, 0.65) for total cholesterol and −0.00mU/L (−0.04, 0.03) and 0.01mU/L (−0.03, 0.04) for log fasting insulin. Results were of similar magnitude for parental height and leg length. Conclusions Our findings do not support an inverse association between parental childhood socioeconomic conditions or stature and offspring’s risk of cardiovascular disease. Intergenerational socioeconomic influences on cardiovascular risk may be of limited public health significance for this setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bharati Kulkarni
- Clinical Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | - Santhi Bhogadi
- Indian Institute of Public Health Hyderabad, Public Health Foundation of India, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sanjay Kinra
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Hawkins MAW, Layman HM, Ganson KT, Tabler J, Ciciolla L, Tsotsoros CE, Nagata JM. Adverse childhood events and cognitive function among young adults: Prospective results from the national longitudinal study of adolescent to adult health. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2021; 115:105008. [PMID: 33706023 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may have lasting impacts on cognition. OBJECTIVE To determine if ACE exposure is prospectively associated with cognition in young adults. We hypothesized that deprivation- and threat-type ACEs as well as higher cumulative ACE exposure predict poorer cognition. PARTICIPANTS & SETTING Participants were from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), a prospective cohort investigation of U.S. adolescents followed to adulthood. Current study participants were 18-24 years old (Wave III), 24-32 years old (Wave IV), and 31-42 years old (Wave V). The maximum Wave IV sample was 12,288 adults; Wave V was 1277 adults. METHODS History of ACEs were assessed at Wave III. Three cognitive indicators were assessed at Wave IV and Wave V using the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (immediate and delayed verbal memory) and the Digit-Span Backward Task (working memory). RESULTS The deprivation ACE of not-having-basic-needs met was associated with poorer working (β = 0.14, CI95 -0.26, -0.01), immediate (β=-0.29, CI95 -0.43, -0.15), and delayed memory (β=-0.27, CI95 -0.43, -0.12) at Wave IV; poorer immediate (β=-0.47, CI95-0.79, -0.16) and delayed memory (β=-0.33, CI95 -0.65, -0.01) at Wave V. The threat ACE of sexual abuse was associated with poorer immediate (β=-0.40, CI95 -0.62, -0.17) and delayed memory (β=-0.29, CI95 -0.55, -0.03) at Wave IV. Higher cumulative ACEs predicted poorer delayed memory (β =-0.05, CI95 -0.10, -0.01) at Wave V. CONCLUSIONS Higher ACEs, especially deprivation-type, were prospectively linked to poorer cognition. Early wide-scale screening/tailored treatments addressing ACEs and cognitive function may be warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Misty A W Hawkins
- Oklahoma State University, Department of Psychology, Stillwater, OK, USA.
| | - Harley M Layman
- Oklahoma State University, Department of Psychology, Stillwater, OK, USA.
| | - Kyle T Ganson
- University of Toronto, Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Jennifer Tabler
- University of Wyoming, Department of Criminal Justice and Sociology, Laramie, WY, USA.
| | - Lucia Ciciolla
- Oklahoma State University, Department of Psychology, Stillwater, OK, USA.
| | - Cindy E Tsotsoros
- Oklahoma State University, Department of Psychology, Stillwater, OK, USA.
| | - Jason M Nagata
- University of California, Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Sabatello M, Jackson Scroggins M, Goto G, Santiago A, McCormick A, Morris KJ, Daulton CR, Easter CL, Darien G. Structural Racism in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Moving Forward. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOETHICS : AJOB 2021; 21:56-74. [PMID: 33345745 PMCID: PMC10243282 DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2020.1851808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has taken a substantial human, social and economic toll globally, but its impact on Black/African Americans, Latinx, and American Indian/Alaska Native communities in the U.S. is unconscionable. As the U.S. continues to combat the current COVID-19 cycle and prepares for future pandemics, it will be critical to learn from and rectify past and contemporary wrongs. Drawing on experiences in genomic research and intersecting areas in medical ethics, health disparities, and human rights, this article considers three key COVID-19-related issues: research to identify remedies; testing, contact tracing and surveillance; and lingering health needs and disability. It provides a pathway for the future: community engagement to develop culturally-sensitive responses to the myriad genomic/bioethical dilemmas that arise, and the establishment of a Truth and Reconciliation Commission to transition the country from its contemporary state of segregation in healthcare and health outcomes into an equitable and prosperous society for all.
Collapse
|
44
|
Roseboom T. Using the 'shit' of the current COVID-19 crisis as fertiliser for the soil to lay the foundations of a new and sustainable era: lessons from past crises to improve the future. BMJ Nutr Prev Health 2021; 3:416-418. [PMID: 33521555 PMCID: PMC7841809 DOI: 10.1136/bmjnph-2020-000122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of past crises have demonstrated that adverse experiences during critical periods of human development hamper the individual’s ability to reach its full potential and leaves lasting marks on health, behaviour, productivity and society as a whole. The COVID-19 crisis has severely worsened the environment in which we live and in which our future generations are being shaped, and will lead to loss of future human potential and capital. It is clear that the COVID-19 pandemic does not only harm the current world population, but also affects our future, as well as that of future generations. The science of transgenerational plasticity demonstrates that investments in early life hold the promise of having beneficial effects across multiple generations. As governments are reopening societies and prioritising policies, their overarching goal should be to improve the environment in which future generations grow and develop, learn and live. This will change the lifetime trajectories of children for the better and affect future health, school success, behaviour, productivity and well-being. This prioritisation will prove to be the most effective intervention to build sustainable futures but will also yield returns many times the original investment. It is a promising way to break the intergenerational cycle of adversity and accelerate progress on achieving the Sustainable Development Goals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Roseboom
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Riggan KA, Gilbert A, Allyse MA. Acknowledging and Addressing Allostatic Load in Pregnancy Care. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2021; 8:69-79. [PMID: 32383045 PMCID: PMC7647942 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-020-00757-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The USA is one of the few countries in the world in which maternal and infant morbidity and mortality continue to increase, with the greatest disparities observed among non-Hispanic Black women and their infants. Traditional explanations for disparate outcomes, such as personal health behaviors, socioeconomic status, health literacy, and access to healthcare, do not sufficiently explain why non-Hispanic Black women continue to die at three to four times the rate of White women during pregnancy, childbirth, or postpartum. One theory gaining prominence to explain the magnitude of this disparity is allostatic load or the cumulative physiological effects of stress over the life course. People of color disproportionally experience social, structural, and environmental stressors that are frequently the product of historic and present-day racism. In this essay, we present the growing body of evidence implicating the role of elevated allostatic load in adverse pregnancy outcomes among women of color. We argue that there is a moral imperative to assign additional resources to reduce the effects of elevated allostatic load before, during, and after pregnancy to improve the health of women and their children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten A Riggan
- Biomedical Ethics Research Program, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Anna Gilbert
- Biomedical Ethics Research Program, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Megan A Allyse
- Biomedical Ethics Research Program, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Carola V, Cimino S, Bussone S, Cerniglia L, Tambelli R. Children With Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder and Psychopathological Risk in Their Mothers: The Function of Global DNA Methylation. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:593500. [PMID: 33584381 PMCID: PMC7874238 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.593500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms, in particular DNA methylation, have been implicated in the etiopathogenesis of psychopathologies in adulthood. The significance of this mechanism in child psychopathologies, however, is much less recognized. Here, we examined whether global DNA methylation alteration was associated with the presence of disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) in children. Moreover, in light of the relevance of the interplay between children and parents for the onset and maintaining of psychopathology during development, we measured the association between psychological symptoms, attachment styles, and global DNA methylation levels in healthy and DMDD mother-child dyads (mothers: N = 126, age = 38.3 ± 2.5 years; children: N = 150, age = 8.2 ± 0.9 years, gender ratio [f/m] = 72/78). We did not observe any significant differences in global DNA methylation levels in DMDD children when compared with healthy peers, and children's symptoms did not correlate with variations in this parameter. The mothers showed different levels of psychological symptomatology. Notably, mothers with high psychological symptomatology showed the lowest levels of global DNA methylation. Maternal global DNA methylation levels were associated with maternal hostility, interpersonal sensitivity, psychoticism, and general severity index. Moreover, we found an effect of maternal mental health on the severity of children's symptoms, independently from both maternal and child DNA methylation levels. Despite here DNA methylation does not appear to be involved in the maternal inheritance of vulnerability to depression, this biological link could still arise in later stages of the child's development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Carola
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Cimino
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Bussone
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Cerniglia
- Faculty of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Rome, Italy
| | - Renata Tambelli
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Brown RH, Eisner M, Valdebenito S, Walker S, Tomlinson M, Hughes C, Ward CL, Osafo J, Sikander S, Fearon P, Dunne MP, Madrid B, Baban A, Van Thang V, Fernando AD, Murray AL. What Research Questions Should the Next Generation of Birth Cohort Studies Address? An International Delphi Study of Experts. Acad Pediatr 2021; 21:43-52. [PMID: 32272232 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2020.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Birth cohort studies (BCS) have generated a wealth of invaluable basic scientific and policy-relevant information on a wide range of issues in child health and development. This study sought to explore what research questions are currently a priority for the next generation of BCS using a 3-round Delphi survey of interdisciplinary experts. METHODS Twenty-four (Round I, N = 17; Round II, N = 21; Round III, N = 18) experts across a wide range of fields (eg, psychology, public health, and maternal/child health) agreed to participate. In Round I, the expert panel was invited to freely respond to the question, "what are the key scientific questions future birth cohort studies should address?" Content analysis of answers was used to identify 47 questions for rating on perceived importance by the panel in Round II and consensus-achieving questions were identified. Questions that did not reach consensus in Round II were posed again for expert re-rating in Round III. RESULTS Twenty six of 47 questions reached consensus in Round II, with an additional 6 reaching consensus in Round III. Consensus-achieving questions rated highly on importance spanned a number of topics, including environmental effects on child development, intergenerational transmission of disadvantage, and designing BCS to inform intervention strategies. CONCLUSION Investigating the effects of family/environmental factors and social disadvantage on a child's development should be prioritized in designing future BCS. The panel also recommended that future BCS are designed to inform intervention strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Harriet Brown
- Department of Psychology, The University of Edinburgh (RH Brown and AL Murray), Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
| | - Manuel Eisner
- Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge (M Eisner and S Valdebenito), Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Valdebenito
- Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge (M Eisner and S Valdebenito), Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Walker
- Caribbean Institute for Health Research, The University of the West Indies (S Walker), Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Mark Tomlinson
- Department of Global Health, Institute of Life Course Health Research, Stellenbosch University (M Tomilson), Cape Town, South Africa; School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queens University (M Tomilson), Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Hughes
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge (C Hughes), United Kingdom
| | - Catherine L Ward
- Department of Psychology and Safety and Violence Initiative, University of Cape Town (CL Ward), Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Joseph Osafo
- Department of Psychology, University of Ghana (J Osafa), Accra, Ghana
| | - Siham Sikander
- Health Services Academy (S Sikander), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Pasco Fearon
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London (P Fearon), London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael P Dunne
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology (MP Dunne), Brisbane, Australia
| | - Bernadette Madrid
- Child Protection Unit, University of the Philippines (B Madrid), Manila, Philippines
| | - Adriana Baban
- Department of Psychology, Babes-Bolyai University (A Baban), Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vo Van Thang
- Institute for Community Health Research, Hue University (VV Thang), Hue, Vietnam
| | - Asvini D Fernando
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya (AD Fernando), Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Aja L Murray
- Department of Psychology, The University of Edinburgh (RH Brown and AL Murray), Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Branje S, Geeraerts S, de Zeeuw EL, Oerlemans AM, Koopman-Verhoeff ME, Schulz S, Nelemans S, Meeus W, Hartman CA, Hillegers MHJ, Oldehinkel AJ, Boomsma DI. Intergenerational transmission: Theoretical and methodological issues and an introduction to four Dutch cohorts. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2020; 45:100835. [PMID: 32823179 PMCID: PMC7451818 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2020.100835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Behaviors, traits and characteristics are transmitted from parents to offspring because of complex genetic and non-genetic processes. We review genetic and non-genetic mechanisms of intergenerational transmission of psychopathology and parenting and focus on recent methodological advances in disentangling genetic and non-genetic factors. In light of this review, we propose that future studies on intergenerational transmission should aim to disentangle genetic and non-genetic transmission, take a long-term longitudinal perspective, and focus on paternal and maternal intergenerational transmission. We present four large longitudinal cohort studies within the Consortium on Individual Development, which together address many of these methodological challenges. These four cohort studies aim to examine the extent to which genetic and non-genetic transmission from the parental generation shapes parenting behavior and psychopathology in the next generation, as well as the extent to which self-regulation and social competence mediate this transmission. Conjointly, these four cohorts provide a comprehensive approach to the study of intergenerational transmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan Branje
- Youth and Family, Department of Educational and Pedagogical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Sanne Geeraerts
- Youth and Family, Department of Educational and Pedagogical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Eveline L de Zeeuw
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anoek M Oerlemans
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - M Elisabeth Koopman-Verhoeff
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Susanne Schulz
- Youth and Family, Department of Educational and Pedagogical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Stefanie Nelemans
- Youth and Family, Department of Educational and Pedagogical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wim Meeus
- Youth and Family, Department of Educational and Pedagogical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Catharina A Hartman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Manon H J Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Albertine J Oldehinkel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Addressing embodied inequities in health: how do we enable improvement in women's diet in pregnancy? Public Health Nutr 2020; 23:2994-3004. [PMID: 32627725 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980020001093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To disrupt cycles of health inequity, traceable to dietary inequities in the earliest stages of life, public health interventions should target improving nutritional wellbeing in preconception/pregnancy environments. This requires a deep engagement with pregnant/postpartum people (PPP) and their communities (including their health and social care providers, HSCP). We sought to understand the factors that influence diet during pregnancy from the perspectives of PPP and HSCP, and to outline intervention priorities. DESIGN We carried out thematic network analyses of transcripts from ten focus group discussions (FGD) and one stakeholder engagement meeting with PPP and HSCP in a Canadian city. Identified themes were developed into conceptual maps, highlighting local priorities for pregnancy nutrition and intervention development. SETTING FGD and the stakeholder meeting were run in predominantly lower socioeconomic position (SEP) neighbourhoods in the sociodemographically diverse city of Hamilton, Canada. PARTICIPANTS All local, comprising twenty-two lower SEP PPP and forty-three HSCP. RESULTS Salient themes were resilience, resources, relationships and the embodied experience of pregnancy. Both PPP and HSCP underscored that socioeconomic-political forces operating at multiple levels largely determined the availability of individual and relational resources constraining diet during pregnancy. Intervention proposals focused on cultivating individual and community resilience to improve early-life nutritional environments. Participants called for better-integrated services, greater income supports and strengthened support programmes. CONCLUSIONS Hamilton stakeholders foregrounded social determinants of inequity as main factors influencing pregnancy diet. They further indicated a need to develop interventions that build resilience and redistribute resources at multiple levels, from the household to the state.
Collapse
|
50
|
van de Ven MCJ, van den Heuvel MI, Bhogal A, Lewis T, Thomason ME. Impact of maternal childhood trauma on child behavioral problems: The role of child frontal alpha asymmetry. Dev Psychobiol 2020; 62:154-169. [PMID: 31372993 PMCID: PMC6994323 DOI: 10.1002/dev.21900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Childhood trauma is associated with many long-term negative outcomes, and is not limited to the individual experiencing the trauma, but extends to subsequent generations. However, mechanisms underlying the association between maternal childhood trauma and child psychopathology are not well understood. Here, we targeted frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) as a potential underlying factor of the relationship between maternal childhood trauma and child behavioral problems. Electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded from (N = 45) children (Mean age = 57.9 months, SD = 3.13) during an eyes-closed paradigm in order to evaluate FAA. Mothers reported on their childhood trauma experiences using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and on their child's behavior using the child behavior checklist (CBCL). We found that maternal childhood trauma significantly predicted child total, internalizing, and externalizing behavior at age 5 years. We also observed a role for FAA such that it acted as a moderator, but not mediator, for behavioral problems. We found that children with relative more right/less left frontal activity were more at risk to develop behavioral problems when their mother had been exposed to trauma in her childhood. These results indicate that child frontal asymmetry may serve as a susceptibility marker for child behavioral problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria C. J. van de Ven
- Cognitive Neuropsychology, Behavioral and Movement SciencesVrije UniversiteitAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | | | - Toni Lewis
- Department of PsychologyWayne State UniversityDetroitMichigan
| | - Moriah E. Thomason
- Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryNew York University School of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical CenterNew YorkNew York
- Department of Population HealthNew York University School of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical CenterNew YorkNew York
| |
Collapse
|