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Suthahar N, Zwartkruis V, Geelhoed B, Withaar C, Meems LMG, Bakker SJL, Gansevoort RT, van Veldhuisen DJ, Rienstra M, de Boer RA. Associations of relative fat mass and BMI with all-cause mortality: Confounding effect of muscle mass. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2024; 32:603-611. [PMID: 38200704 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study objective was to examine associations of relative fat mass (RFM) and BMI with all-cause mortality in the Dutch general population and to investigate whether additional adjustment for muscle mass strengthened these associations. METHODS A total of 8433 community-dwelling adults from the PREVEND general population cohort (1997-1998) were included. Linear regression models were used to examine associations of RFM and BMI with 24-h urinary creatinine excretion, a marker of total muscle mass. Cox regression models were used to examine associations of RFM and BMI with all-cause mortality. RESULTS The mean age of the cohort was 49.8 years (range: 28.8-75.7 years), and 49.9% (n = 4209) were women. In age- and sex-adjusted models, both RFM and BMI were associated with total muscle mass (24-h urinary creatinine excretion), and these associations were stronger with BMI (standardized beta [Sβ]RFM : 0.29; 95% CI: 0.27-0.31 vs. SβBMI : 0.38; 95% CI: 0.36-0.40; pdifference < 0.001). During a median follow-up period of 18.4 years, 1640 deaths (19.4%) occurred. In age- and sex-adjusted models, RFM was significantly associated with all-cause mortality (hazard ratio per 1-SD [HRRFM ]: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.09-1.24), whereas BMI was not (HRBMI : 1.04; 95% CI: 0.99-1.10). After additional adjustment for muscle mass, associations of both RFM and BMI with all-cause mortality increased in magnitude (HRRFM : 1.24; 95% CI: 1.16-1.32 and HRBMI : 1.12; 95% CI: 1.06-1.19). Results were broadly similar in multivariable adjusted models. CONCLUSIONS In the general population, a higher RFM was significantly associated with mortality risk, whereas a higher BMI was not. Adjusting for total muscle mass increased the strength of associations of both RFM and BMI with all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navin Suthahar
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Victor Zwartkruis
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan Geelhoed
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Coenraad Withaar
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Laura M G Meems
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology Division, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ron T Gansevoort
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology Division, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk Jan van Veldhuisen
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel Rienstra
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rudolf A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Pham T, Bui L, Giovannucci E, Hoang M, Tran B, Chavarro J, Willett W. Prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity and their association with metabolic-related conditions in Vietnamese adults: an analysis of Vietnam STEPS survey 2009 and 2015. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. WESTERN PACIFIC 2023; 39:100859. [PMID: 37547595 PMCID: PMC10400857 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Background The abdominal obesity trends and prevalence are important contributing factors to significant rise of many noncommunicable diseases in Vietnam but have not been well-documented in the literature. This study aimed to describe the prevalence and trends of obesity and abdominal obesity in Vietnam from 2009 to 2015 and evaluate how different definitions of obesity and abdominal obesity are associated with metabolic-related conditions. Methods We conducted a secondary analysis based on the Vietnam STEPS (STEPwise approach to Surveillance) cross-sectional Survey 2009 and 2015. Obesity and abdominal obesity were defined using the body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-hip ratio (WHR) cut-offs from the World Health Organization (WHO) and International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Findings Depending on the specific cut-offs, from 2009 to 2015, obesity prevalence increased from 0.8%-10% to 1.7%-16.4% in women and from 0.8%-10.3% to 1.7%-15% in men; abdominal obesity prevalence increased from 3%-31.3% to 8%-41.7% in women and from 0.3%-19.3% to 0.4%-25% in men. Abdominal obesity using WC-IDF and WHR-WHO definitions had noticeably higher sensitivity and lower specificity for metabolic-related conditions compared to the other four criteria. All anthropometric measurements were statistically correlated with biomarkers/blood pressure in 2009 and 2015 except for fasting glucose. Only WC-IDF and WHR-WHO definitions showed consistent association with all reported metabolic-related conditions regardless of sex and survey years. Interpretation The prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity in Vietnam is increasing rapidly, especially abdominal obesity in women regardless of the criteria used. More studies are needed to investigate how using different diagnostic criteria for obesity and abdominal obesity could better identify metabolic-related conditions. Funding Authors received no funding for this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung Pham
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Physiology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
- Research Advancement Consortium in Health, Hanoi, Viet Nam
- College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Linh Bui
- Research Advancement Consortium in Health, Hanoi, Viet Nam
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Minh Hoang
- Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Bao Tran
- General Department of Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Health, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Jorge Chavarro
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Walter Willett
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Chen LH, Liu YH, Chen SC, Su HM. Low Obesity-Related Indices Are Associated with a Low Baseline Calcaneus Ultrasound T-Score, and a Rapid Decline in T-Score in a Large Taiwanese Population Follow-Up Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030605. [PMID: 36771312 PMCID: PMC9919494 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis results in reduced bone strength and an elevated risk of fractures. Both overweight and underweight have been associated with osteoporosis; however, few studies have examined associations between osteoporosis and indices related to obesity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the associations of obesity-related indices, including body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body roundness index (BRI), body adiposity index (BAI), abdominal volume index (AVI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), and visceral adiposity index (VAI), with baseline and change in calcaneus ultrasound T-score between baseline and follow-up (ΔT-score). T-score was measured using ultrasound. A total of 26,983 subjects were enrolled (mean age 51.2 ± 10.4 years). Multivariable analysis showed significant associations between low BMI (per 1 kg/m2; β, 0.065), WHR (per 1%; β, 0.012), WHtR (per 1%; β, 0.024), BRI (per 1; β, 0.079), BAI (per 1; β, 0.032), AVI (per 1; β, 0.049), and LAP (per 1; β, 0.005) with low baseline T-scores (all p < 0.001). Furthermore, there were significant associations between low BMI (per 1 kg/m2; β, 0.005; p = 0.036), BAI (per 1; β, 0.010; p < 0.001), and VAI (per 1; β, 0.017; p = 0.002) with low ΔT-scores. A low baseline T-score was significantly associated with low values of LAP, AVI, BAI, BMI, BRI, WHR, and WHtR but not VAI. In addition, low BMI, BAI, and VAI were significantly associated with low ΔT-scores, representing a rapidly decreasing T-score. Consequently, avoiding being underweight may help prevent osteoporosis in the Taiwanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Han Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsueh Liu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Chia Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-C.C.); (H.-M.S.); Tel.: +886-7-8036783 (ext. 3440) (S.-C.C.); +886-7-8036783 (ext. 3440) (H.-M.S.); Fax: +886-7-8063346 (S.-C.C.); +886-7-8063346 (H.-M.S.)
| | - Ho-Ming Su
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-C.C.); (H.-M.S.); Tel.: +886-7-8036783 (ext. 3440) (S.-C.C.); +886-7-8036783 (ext. 3440) (H.-M.S.); Fax: +886-7-8063346 (S.-C.C.); +886-7-8063346 (H.-M.S.)
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Hu F, Cheng J, Yu Y, Wang T, Zhou W, Yu C, Zhu L, Bao H, Cheng X. Association Between Body Mass Index and All-Cause Mortality in a Prospective Cohort of Southern Chinese Adults Without Morbid Obesity. Front Physiol 2022; 13:857787. [PMID: 35547579 PMCID: PMC9081359 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.857787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This prospective study examined the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and all-cause mortality in Chinese adults without morbid obesity. Methods: We prospectively examined the relationship between BMI and all-cause mortality in 12,608 Southern Chinese adults with age ≥35 years who participated in the National Key R&D Program from 2013–2014 to 2019–2020. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the association between BMI and all-cause mortality. Results: The prevalence of being underweight, normal weight, overweight and having moderate obesity was 7.36%, 55.83%, 28.51% and 8.31%, respectively. A total of 683 (5.65%) deaths occurred during a median follow-up period of 5.61 years. The Cox proportional hazards models indicated that a continuous BMI level was negatively associated with all-cause mortality [adjusted-hazard ratio (HR) per 1 kg/m2 increase: 0.96, 95% CI 0.93 to 0.98, p < 0.001]. Furthermore, the HRs of all-cause mortality in the underweight, overweight and moderate obesity groups were 1.31 (1.05, 1.64), 0.89 (0.73, 1.08) and 0.64 (0.44, 0.92), respectively in the confounder model relative to the normal weight group. Survival analysis further confirmed this inverse association of the four BMI categories with mortality. Conclusion: BMI was negatively associated with all-cause mortality in southern Chinese adults without morbid obesity. Compared to the normal weight category, adults in the moderate obesity category had lower all-cause mortality, whereas being underweight was associated with increased all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Sub-Center of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianduan Cheng
- Wuyuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuyuan, China
| | - Yun Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Sub-Center of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Sub-Center of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Nanchang, China.,Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Jiangxi Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Sub-Center of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Nanchang, China.,Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chao Yu
- Jiangxi Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Sub-Center of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Nanchang, China.,Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lingjuan Zhu
- Jiangxi Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Sub-Center of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Nanchang, China.,Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huihui Bao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Sub-Center of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoshu Cheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Medical Research Center, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Sub-Center of National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Nanchang, China
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D'Ambrosi R, Anghilieri FM, Corona K, Mariani I, Valli F, Ursino N, Hirschmann MT. Similar rates of return to sports and BMI reduction regardless of age, gender and preoperative BMI as seen in matched cohort of hypoallergenic and standard Cobalt Chromium medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2022; 30:890-898. [PMID: 33550449 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-021-06467-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the rate of return to sports and body mass index (BMI) reduction in patients who underwent surgery for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) with either Cobalt-Chromium (CoCr) alloy UKA or with hypoallergenic UKA, stratified by age, gender and BMI. METHODS Two consecutive cohorts of patients with a total of 172 UKA and a minimum 2-year follow-up period were prospectively included in this comparative study. The first cohort consisted of 136 consecutive series of standard Cobalt-Chromium (CoCr Group). The second cohort consisted of 36 consecutive mobile-bearing hypoallergenic Titanium Niobium Nitride UKA, (TiNbN Group). The clinical evaluation was based on the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) activity scores and the High-Activity Arthroplasty Score (HAAS) evaluated on the day before surgery (T0) and after a minimum follow-up of 12 months (T1) and 24 months (T2). Radiographic evaluation performed at T2 included the femoral component position in varus/valgus, the tibial component in varus/valgus and the anteroposterior slope. RESULTS No statistical differences were found between the groups at each follow-up, as shown by the UCLA and HAAS score (n.s.). Both groups showed a statistically significant improvement (p < 0.05) at each follow-up.. Both groups showed a statistically significant BMI reduction between T0 and T2 (p < 0.05). Radiographic analysis revealed no statistical differences between the two groups in terms of the three measures after the final follow-up (n.s.). All the subgroups showed a significant (p < 0.05) rate of return to sport if compared with the preoperative value (T2 versus T0), except for male in TiNbN group. CONCLUSIONS Both TiNbN and CoCr medial mobile-bearing UKA enabled patients to return to sports after the final follow-up, regardless of age, BMI, gender and metal sensitivity. These findings inform shared decision making and can help to manage patient expectations after surgery, in particular, in active patients with an overt metal allergy, a specific hypoallergenic implant should be considered the gold standard implant in partial knee replacement surgery. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Cohort Study, Level III. REGISTRATION researchregistry6250- www.researchregistry.com .
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Filippo Maria Anghilieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Katia Corona
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze della Salute Vincenzo Tiberio, Università degli Studi del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Ilaria Mariani
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | | | | | - Michael Tobias Hirschmann
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology Kantonsspital, Baselland (Bruderholz, Liestal, Laufen), Liestal, Switzerland
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Kusama T, Nakazawa N, Kiuchi S, Kondo K, Osaka K, Aida J. Dental prosthetic treatment reduced the risk of weight loss among older adults with tooth loss. J Am Geriatr Soc 2021; 69:2498-2506. [PMID: 34081343 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.17279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Weight loss is a critical health issue in older adults. Oral function is essential for nutrient intake and can be restored using dental prosthetic treatments in patients with tooth loss. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between tooth loss and weight loss among the older adults and to evaluate the magnitude of its risk reduction by dental prosthetic treatment. DESIGN Three-year follow-up longitudinal study based on a self-reported questionnaire. SETTING Community-dwelling older adults in Japan. PARTICIPANTS Adults aged 65 and older (n = 53,690). MEASUREMENTS We used >10% weight loss during follow-up, the number of remaining teeth, and the use of dental prostheses as the outcome variable, exposure variable, and mediator, respectively. We fitted the logistic regression model including possible confounders and calculated the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) of the controlled direct effect (CDE) at the level of use or nonuse of the dental prosthesis based on a causal mediation analysis framework. Additionally, we calculated the proportion eliminated by the dental prosthesis. RESULTS The mean age of participants was 72.6 years (1 SD = 5.5), and 47.4% were males. About 5.8% (n = 3132) of them experienced >10% weight loss during the follow-up. Weight loss was observed in 6.8% of the participants with 0-19 remaining teeth and in 4.3% of them with ≥20 remaining teeth. The CDE of 0-19 remaining teeth was greater when no one used dental prosthesis (OR = 1.41; 95% CI = 1.26-1.59) compared with that when all participants used dental prosthesis (OR = 1.26; 95% CI = 1.08-1.46). This indicated that dental prosthesis decreased the risk of weight loss by 37.3%. CONCLUSION Our study revealed that tooth loss increased the risk of clinically critical levels of weight loss among community-dwelling older adults. However, this risk was reduced by dental prosthetic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taro Kusama
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Noriko Nakazawa
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Sakura Kiuchi
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Gerontological Evaluation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Ken Osaka
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Jun Aida
- Department of Oral Health Promotion, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Division for Regional Community Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
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Duclos M. [Effects of physical activity and decreased sedentary behaviours in menopausal women. Postmenopausal women management: CNGOF and GEMVi clinical practice guidelines]. GYNECOLOGIE, OBSTETRIQUE, FERTILITE & SENOLOGIE 2021; 49:335-348. [PMID: 33753298 DOI: 10.1016/j.gofs.2021.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this chapter is to examine, in postmenopausal women, the effect of physical activity (PA) on overall mortality, cardiovascular mortality and prevention of cardiovascular disease, bone health and body composition. An analysis of the scientific literature was carried out and more than 100 studies were selected. In postmenopausal women, regular endurance PA significantly reduced overall and cardiovascular mortality. It is effective in primary and tertiary prevention. Regarding bone health, combined exercises combining weight-bearing exercises with impacts associated with muscle strengthening are the most effective to maintain or improve bone mineral density and prevent fractures. In terms of body composition, regular endurance or combined PA (endurance+muscle strengthening) decreases visceral fat regardless of BMI, and this in the absence of caloric restriction. For muscle mass, only muscle strengthening or combined training (endurance+muscle strengthening) have shown their effectiveness in slowing down the loss of muscle mass or even in increasing it. In all cases, the minimum duration of PA is 12 weeks and above all, it must be continued so that the effects are maintained over the long term. All these parameters will also be improved with a reduction in time spent sitting, regardless of the level of PA. No study has reported a major incident related to the practice of moderate to high intensity levels of PA, provided that certain precautions are observed, the main one being with regard to cardiovascular risk. The recommendations for postmenopausal women are a reduction in sedentary behaviour associated with specific recommendations for regular physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Duclos
- Service de médecine du sport et des explorations fonctionnelles, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont université, université d'Auvergne, UFR médecine, INRAE, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, BP 10448, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Leslie WD. Estimating Waist and Hip Circumference from Routine Clinical DXA. J Clin Densitom 2020; 23:582-587. [PMID: 31471225 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocd.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Waist circumference and waist:hip ratio have body mass index-independent detrimental effects on health and mortality. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans of the lumbar spine and hip can provide site-specific measures of soft-tissue thickness, and we hypothesized that this could be used to opportunistically estimate body circumference in patients undergoing DXA for osteoporosis assessment. METHODOLOGY We assessed the correlation and explained variance (as coefficient of determination, R2) between directly measured body circumference (waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist:hip circumference ratio) with DXA-derived measures of soft tissue thickness (spine DXA tissue thickness, hip DXA tissue thickness, and spine:hip tissue thickness ratio) in 214 women and 96 men (mean age 66.1 and 63.7 yr, respectively) undergoing DXA screening for osteoporosis. RESULTS DXA-derived spine tissue thickness explained most of the variance in measured waist circumference (female R2 0.90, male R2 0.88). Explained variance was slightly lower for measured hip circumference (female R2 0.87, male R2 0.76) and waist:hip ratio (female R2 0.68, male R2 0.72). Final models predicted waist circumference with an adjusted R2 0.91, hip circumference with R2 0.86, and waist:hip ratio with R2 0.70. CONCLUSION Routine clinical DXA measurements of the spine and hip can be used to estimate body circumference measurements.
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Giffen ZC, Siddique AB, Koizumi N, Ortiz J. Small donor size does not negatively impact outcomes after deceased-donor renal transplantation. Clin Transplant 2020; 34:e13886. [PMID: 32335953 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.13886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Higher body mass index (BMI) of deceased-donors is associated with poorer outcomes in transplant recipients. The effect of low donor BMI on recipient graft function is not clear. Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients data on recipients of deceased-donor kidneys from 2000 to 2019 were categorized by donor BMI (donor BMI < 18, 18-27, and >27). Primary outcome was death-censored graft survival. The impact of multiple recipient and donor variables, including low donor BMI and the difference between donor and recipient BMI, was evaluated using a multivariate Cox proportional-hazards model. Low BMI donors (LBD) were more likely to be younger, female, and white (all P < .05). LBD were less likely to be Hispanic, diabetic, or have hypertension (all P < .001). LBD recipients were more likely to be younger and female (both P < .001). Low donor BMI was not significantly associated with recipient graft survival. Donor-recipient BMI difference did not correlate with an increased risk of graft failure. Similar results were obtained when donors were classified using body surface area (BSA). Small donor size in terms of BMI or BSA or a large discrepancy between donor and recipient size should not necessarily preclude transplantation of an otherwise acceptable kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zane C Giffen
- Department of Urology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Abu Bakkar Siddique
- Schar School of Policy and Government, George Mason University, Arlington, VA, USA
| | - Naoru Koizumi
- Schar School of Policy and Government, George Mason University, Arlington, VA, USA
| | - Jorge Ortiz
- Department of Surgery, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
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Banack HR, Bea JW, Stokes A, Kroenke CH, Stefanick ML, Beresford SA, Bird CE, Garcia L, Wallace R, Wild RA, Caan B, Wactawski-Wende J. It's Absolutely Relative: The Effect of Age on the BMI-Mortality Relationship in Postmenopausal Women. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28:171-177. [PMID: 31799808 PMCID: PMC6989046 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The use of relative and absolute effect estimates has important implications for the interpretation of study findings. Likewise, examining additive and multiplicative interaction can lead to differing conclusions about the joint effects of two exposure variables. The aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between BMI and mortality on the relative and absolute scales and investigate interaction between BMI and age. METHODS Data from 68,132 participants in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) study were used. The risk ratio and risk difference of BMI on mortality were estimated. A product term was also included to examine interaction between BMI and age on the multiplicative scale, and the relative excess risk of interaction was calculated to measure additive interaction. RESULTS Results demonstrated that the mortality risk ratio decreased as women aged, but the mortality risk difference increased as women aged. Evidence of additive and multiplicative interaction between age and BMI was found. CONCLUSIONS In postmenopausal women, the relative mortality risk associated with high BMI decreased with increasing age, but the absolute risk of high BMI increased with increasing age. This indicates the importance of considering the interaction between age and BMI to understand mortality risk in older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailey R Banack
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Jennifer W Bea
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Andrew Stokes
- Department of Global Health and Center for Global Health and Development, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Candyce H Kroenke
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Marcia L Stefanick
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Shirley A Beresford
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Lorena Garcia
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Robert Wallace
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Robert A Wild
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Bette Caan
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Jean Wactawski-Wende
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
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11
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Bracht JR, Vieira‐Potter VJ, De Souza Santos R, Öz OK, Palmer BF, Clegg DJ. The role of estrogens in the adipose tissue milieu. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2019; 1461:127-143. [DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Orhan K. Öz
- Department of RadiologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas
| | - Biff F. Palmer
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas
| | - Deborah J. Clegg
- College of Nursing and Health ProfessionsDrexel University Philadelphia Pennsylvania
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12
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Nishida MM, Okura M, Ogita M, Aoyama T, Tsuboyama T, Arai H. Two-Year Weight Loss but Not Body Mass Index Predicts Mortality and Disability in an Older Japanese Community-Dwelling Population. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2019; 20:1654.e11-1654.e18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2019.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Radetti G, Fanolla A, Grugni G, Lupi F, Sartorio A. Indexes of adiposity and body composition in the prediction of metabolic syndrome in obese children and adolescents: Which is the best? Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 29:1189-1196. [PMID: 31378631 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2019.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM There is no agreement about which index of adiposity and/or body composition is the most accurate in identifying the metabolic syndrome (METS). The aim of our study was to compare the accuracy of the different indexes in order to recognize the most reliable. METHODS AND RESULTS We evaluated 1332 obese children and adolescents (778 females and 554 males), aged 14.4 ± 1.8 yrs, Body Mass Index (BMI) standard deviation scores (SDS) 2.99 ± 0.55, followed at the Istituto Auxologico Italiano, a tertiary center for childhood obesity. For each subject the following indexes were assessed: BMI, BMI SDS, Fat-Free Mass Index (FFMI), Fat Mass Index (FMI), Tri-Ponderal Mass Index (TMI), Waist-to-Height ratio (WtHR) and a new one, the Body Mass Fat Index (BMFI), which normalizes the BMI for percentage of body fat and the waist circumference. Thereafter we calculated for each index a threshold value for age and sex, in order to compare their accuracy, sensitivity and specificity in identifying the METS. There was a good correlation among indexes (p < 0.0001 for all). However, when the area under the curve (AUC) was compared, some of them, in particular the BMFI and the BMI, performed better than the other ones, although the differences were small. CONCLUSIONS BMI, which neither considers body composition nor fat distribution, performs as good as other indexes, and should therefore be the preferred one, also because of the easiness of its calculation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Fanolla
- Observatory for Health Provincial Government South Tyrol, Italy
| | - Graziano Grugni
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research & Division of Auxology, Verbania, Italy
| | - Fiorenzo Lupi
- Department of Pediatrics, Regional Hospital of Bolzano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sartorio
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research & Division of Auxology, Verbania, Italy
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Banack HR, Bea JW, Kaufman JS, Stokes A, Kroenke CH, Stefanick ML, Beresford SA, Bird CE, Garcia L, Wallace R, Wild RA, Caan B, Wactawski-Wende J. The Effects of Reverse Causality and Selective Attrition on the Relationship Between Body Mass Index and Mortality in Postmenopausal Women. Am J Epidemiol 2019; 188:1838-1848. [PMID: 31274146 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwz160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Concerns about reverse causality and selection bias complicate the interpretation of studies of body mass index (BMI, calculated as weight (kg)/height (m)2) and mortality in older adults. The objective of this study was to investigate methodological explanations for the apparent attenuation of obesity-related risks in older adults. We used data from 68,132 participants in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) clinical trial for this analysis. All of the participants were postmenopausal women aged 50-79 years at baseline (1993-1998). To examine reverse causality and selective attrition, we compared rate ratios from inverse probability of treatment- and censoring-weighted Poisson marginal structural models with results from an unweighted adjusted Poisson regression model. The estimated mortality rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals for BMIs of 30.0-34.9, 35.0-39.9 and ≥40.0 were 0.86 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.77, 0.96), 0.85 (95% CI: 0.72, 0.99), and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.72, 1.07), respectively, in the unweighted model. The corresponding mortality rate ratios were 0.96 (95% CI: 0.86, 1.07), 1.12 (95% CI: 0.97, 1.29), and 1.31 95% CI: (1.08, 1.57), respectively, in the marginal structural model. Results from the inverse probability of treatment- and censoring-weighted marginal structural model were attenuated in low BMI categories and increased in high BMI categories. The results demonstrate the importance of accounting for reverse causality and selective attrition in studies of older adults.
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Holahan CJ, Holahan CK, Lim S, Powers DA. Living with a smoker, health risk behaviors, and adiposity: an analysis with middle-aged and older women. J Behav Med 2019; 43:850-858. [PMID: 31535272 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-019-00098-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated: (a) the association between living with a smoker and weight-related health risk behaviors, and (b) the role of these behaviors in indirectly linking living with a smoker to general and central adiposity. Participants were 83,492 women (age M = 63.5, SD = 7.36) from the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. In logistic regression analyses at baseline, living with a smoker was associated with increased odds of no exercise (29%), no walking (33%), high dietary fat (62%), and low fruit and vegetable consumption (43%). Using structural equation modeling, bootstrap confidence intervals confirmed a significant indirect effect from living with a smoker to adiposity through health risk behaviors at baseline and prospectively across 3 and 8 years. Health risk behaviors fully explained the living with a smoker-adiposity relationship. These findings integrate clustering and contagion theoretical perspectives on health behaviors and contribute to understanding a novel pathway to adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles J Holahan
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, 108 E. Dean Keeton St., Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
| | - Carole K Holahan
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas at Austin, 2109 San Jacinto Blvd., Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Sangdon Lim
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, 1912 Speeedway St., Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Daniel A Powers
- Department of Sociology, University of Texas at Austin, 305 E. 23rd St., Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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Sun Y, Liu B, Snetselaar LG, Wallace RB, Caan BJ, Rohan TE, Neuhouser ML, Shadyab AH, Chlebowski RT, Manson JE, Bao W. Association of Normal-Weight Central Obesity With All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Among Postmenopausal Women. JAMA Netw Open 2019; 2:e197337. [PMID: 31339542 PMCID: PMC6659146 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.7337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Current public health guidelines for obesity prevention and control focus on promoting a normal body mass index (BMI), rarely addressing central obesity, which is reflected by high waist circumference (WC) and common in the general population. Studies of the association of normal-weight central obesity with long-term health outcomes are sparse. OBJECTIVE To examine associations of normal-weight central obesity with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in postmenopausal women in the United States. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A nationwide prospective cohort study of 156 624 postmenopausal women enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative at 40 clinical centers in the United States between 1993 and 1998. These women were observed through February 2017. Data analysis was performed from September 15, 2017, to March 13, 2019. EXPOSURES Different combinations of BMI (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared; normal weight: BMI, 18.5-24.9; overweight: BMI, 25.0-29.9; and obesity: BMI, ≥30) and WC (normal: WC, ≤88 cm and high: WC, >88 cm). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. RESULTS Of the 156 624 women (mean [SD] age, 63.2 [7.2] years), during 2 811 187 person-years of follow-up, 43 838 deaths occurred, including 12 965 deaths from cardiovascular disease (29.6%) and 11 828 deaths from cancer (27.0%). Compared with women with normal weight and no central obesity and adjusted for demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, lifestyle factors, and hormone use, the hazard ratio for all-cause mortality was 1.31 (95% CI, 1.20-1.42) among women with normal weight and central obesity, 0.91 (95% CI, 0.89-0.94) among women with overweight and no central obesity, 1.16 (95% CI, 1.13-1.20) for women with overweight and central obesity, 0.93 (95% CI, 0.89-0.94) for women with obesity and no central obesity, and 1.30 (95% CI, 1.27-1.34) for women with obesity and central obesity. Compared with normal weight without central obesity, normal-weight central obesity was associated with higher risk of cardiovascular disease mortality (hazard ratio, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.05-1.46) and cancer mortality (hazard ratio, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.01-1.43). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Normal-weight central obesity in women was associated with excess risk of mortality, similar to that of women with BMI-defined obesity with central obesity. These findings underscore the need for future public health guidelines to include the prevention and control of central obesity, even in individuals with normal BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangbo Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Buyun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Linda G. Snetselaar
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Robert B. Wallace
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Bette J. Caan
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland
| | - Thomas E. Rohan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Marian L. Neuhouser
- Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Aladdin H. Shadyab
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Rowan T. Chlebowski
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center Duarte, Duarte, California
| | - JoAnn E. Manson
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wei Bao
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City
- Obesity Research and Education Initiative, University of Iowa, Iowa City
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City
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Corbatón Anchuelo A, Martínez-Larrad MT, Serrano-García I, Fernández Pérez C, Serrano-Ríos M. Body fat anthropometric indexes: Which of those identify better high cardiovascular risk subjects? A comparative study in Spanish population. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216877. [PMID: 31120940 PMCID: PMC6532872 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To determine the association of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist to hip ratio (WHR), waist to height ratio (WHtr) and Body Shape Index (ABSI) with high cardiovascular risk (CVR), as well as to determine whether how strong are these relationships. Material and methods A cross-sectional study was carried out in Spanish Caucasian adults. 3,456 subjects completed the study, 45.78% males, aged < 65 years and non-diabetic subjects. Anthropometric/biochemical variables were measured. We determined ABSI based on WC adjusted for height and weight. High CVR was defined as ≥ 20% according to the Framingham chart, ≥ 5% with the SCORE chart, and ≥ 7.5% with the ACC/AHA guide. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) were estimated for each anthropometric measure. Results Most significant AUCs in males were: WHtr and ABSI for Framingham ≥ 20% and SCORE ≥ 5%. Also significant were WHtr, WC and ABSI for ACCA/AHA ≥ 7.5%. On the other hand, most significant AUCs in females were: WHtr and WC for Framingham ≥ 20%; and WHtr and WHR for SCORE ≥ 5%, WHtr, and WC for ACC/AHA guide ≥ 7.5%. Conclusions Overall, the best anthropometric index identifying Spanish males and females who are at high risk for CV events is WHtr. ABSI was also found to be a good anthropometric index to predict high CVR in Spanish males according to FR, SCORE and ACC/AHA charts. For Spanish females, WC is a good anthropometric index according to FR and ACC/AHA guide, while WHR is better according to SCORE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Corbatón Anchuelo
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - María Teresa Martínez-Larrad
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Serrano-García
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
- UGC de Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Fernández Pérez
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
- UGC de Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
- Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Serrano-Ríos
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
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Holahan CJ, Holahan CK, Zhen L, Powers DA. Living With a Smoker and General and Central Adiposity in Middle-Aged and Older Women. Am J Health Promot 2019; 33:925-927. [PMID: 30827136 DOI: 10.1177/0890117119833345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We hypothesized that living with a smoker would be positively associated with general and central adiposity among middle-aged and older women. DESIGN Prospective across up to 8 years. SETTING Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. SAMPLE A total of 83 492 women (age 50-79 at baseline). MEASURES The predictor was living with a smoker at baseline. Outcomes were clinic-assessed obesity and high waist circumference, examined cross-sectionally at baseline and prospectively at year 3 and (for self-reported obesity) year 8. ANALYSIS All analyses used logistic regression and controlled for sociodemographic factors and participants' current smoking; prospective analyses also adjusted for baseline obesity or high waist circumference. RESULTS Living with a smoker was associated (1) cross-sectionally with obesity (n = 82 692, odds ratio [OR] = 1.38, P < .001) and a high waist circumference (n = 83 241, OR = 1.41, P < .001) and (2) prospectively with obesity (n = 68 753, OR = 1.22, P < .001) and a high waist circumference (n = 68 947, OR = 1.22, P < .001) 3 years later and obesity (n = 38 212, OR = 1.21, P < .001) 8 years later. CONCLUSION These results document an essentially unrecognized health risk associated with living with a smoker. For practitioners, these findings underscore the need for innovative household-level interventions for families living with a smoker integrating established smoking and obesity prevention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles J Holahan
- 1 Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Carole K Holahan
- 2 Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Lichen Zhen
- 3 Moody College of Communication, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Daniel A Powers
- 4 Department of Sociology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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Follis S, Bea JW, Cauley JA, Shadyab AH, Cook A, Chen Z. Reply to Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy on Sarcopenia: Is It Real? J Am Geriatr Soc 2019; 67:1298-1299. [PMID: 30697691 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.15805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shawna Follis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Jennifer W Bea
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Jane A Cauley
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Aladdin H Shadyab
- Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California
| | - Alan Cook
- Trauma Research Program, Chandler Regional Medical Center, Chandler, Arizona
| | - Zhao Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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20
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Stratified Probabilistic Bias Analysis for Body Mass Index–related Exposure Misclassification in Postmenopausal Women. Epidemiology 2018; 29:604-613. [DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000000863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Franx BAA, Arnoldussen IAC, Kiliaan AJ, Gustafson DR. Weight Loss in Patients with Dementia: Considering the Potential Impact of Pharmacotherapy. Drugs Aging 2017; 34:425-436. [PMID: 28478593 DOI: 10.1007/s40266-017-0462-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Unintentional body weight loss is common in patients with dementia and is linked to cognitive impairment and poorer disease outcomes. It is proposed that some dementia medications with market approval, while aiming to improve cognitive and functional outcomes of a patient with dementia, are associated with reported body weight or body mass index loss. This review presents evidence in the published literature on body weight loss in dementia, describes selected theories behind body weight loss, evaluates the potential impact of approved dementia pharmacotherapies on body weight, considers the potential role for medical foods, understands the potential influence of treatments for neuropsychiatric symptoms and signs, and finally, summarizes this important area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart A A Franx
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ilse A C Arnoldussen
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Amanda J Kiliaan
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Deborah R Gustafson
- Department of Neurology, Section for NeuroEpidemiology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Box 1213, Brooklyn, NY, 11203, USA. .,Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit (EPINEP), Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. .,Department of Health and Education, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden.
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22
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Harris TB. Weight and Body Mass Index in Old Age: Do They Still Matter? J Am Geriatr Soc 2017; 65:1898-1899. [PMID: 28714125 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.14952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, Interdisciplinary Studies of Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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