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Ghazanfari S, Shadbad CA, Meimandipor A, Hosseini SA, Honarbakhsh S. Physiological changes in broiler chickens subjected to dietary ajwain ( trachyspermum ammi l.) essential oil in encapsulated and conventional forms within a wheat-based diet. Vet Anim Sci 2023; 22:100321. [PMID: 38022719 PMCID: PMC10654216 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2023.100321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different diet types, forms, and contents of ajwain essential oil (AEO) on various physiological characteristics of broiler chickens, including cell-mediated immunity responses, intestinal morphology, and microflora. A total of 1500 one-day-old male broiler chickens were allocated to different treatments based on a 2 × 3 × 2 factorial arrangement, considering diet types (corn and corn-wheat), contents of AEO (0, 150, and 300 mg/kg of diet), and forms of AEO (conventional and encapsulated). The results indicated that the broiler chickens fed the diet containing 150 ppm EO demonstrated reduced skin thickness in response to a 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene challenge, 24 h after injection, compared to those receiving a diet without EO (P < 0.05). Increasing the EO content led to an increase in the villous height to crypt depth ratio in the jejunum of broiler chickens receiving 300 ppm EO (P < 0.05). Moreover, there was a slight improvement in the villous height to crypt depth ratio in the jejunum of broiler chickens fed the corn-wheat diet (P = 0.07). Broiler chickens fed the 300 ppm EO showed a lower total bacterial population compared to those fed the 150 ppm EO (P < 0.05). Finally, the use of EO at a content of 150 ppm improved cellular immune response, while EO at a content of 300 ppm improved the morphology and overall population of intestinal bacteria. Furthermore, the inclusion of wheat-corn diets exhibited enhanced morphological characteristics of the intestines. However, the forms of AEO did not exert any significant influence on the physiological traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokoufe Ghazanfari
- Department of Livestock and Poultry Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Technology (Aburaihan), University of Tehran, Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran
| | - Cyrus Akbari Shadbad
- Department of Livestock and Poultry Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Technology (Aburaihan), University of Tehran, Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran
| | - Amir Meimandipor
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Abdollah Hosseini
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Animal Science Research Institute of Iran, Alborz, Karaj, Iran
| | - Shirin Honarbakhsh
- Department of Livestock and Poultry Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Technology (Aburaihan), University of Tehran, Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran
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Bassareh M, Rezaeipour V, Abdullahpour R, Asadzadeh S. Dietary threonine and lysophospholipid supplement in broiler chickens: effect on productive performance, carcass variables, cecal microbiota activity, and jejunal morphology. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:150. [PMID: 37020151 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03566-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this experiment was to investigate the efficacy of lysophospholipid (LPL) in combination with different levels of threonine (Thr) on productive performance, jejunal morphometric variables, cecal microbial population, and carcass characteristics of male broiler chickens. Four hundred 1-day-old male broiler chicks were distributed into eight experimental groups with five replicates, each of ten birds. Factors were two levels of 0 or 0.1% Lipidol as LPL supplement and four inclusion amount of Thr (100, 105, 110, or 115% of requirements) in the diets. During 1 to 35 days, inclusion of LPL supplementation in diets improved the body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of broilers (P < 0.05). Besides, FCR was significantly greater in the birds fed with 100% Thr compared to the other inclusion rates of Thr (P < 0.05). The jejuna villus length (VL) and crypt depth (CD) were greater in the birds fed with LPL-supplemented diets (P < 0.05) while the greatest VH/CD and villus surface was observed in the birds fed with 105% of dietary Thr (P < 0.05). In cecal microbiota composition, Lactobacillus population was lower in broilers which received diet containing 100% Thr compared to the other group receiving more than 100% Thr (P < 0.05). In conclusion, inclusion of LPL supplements and amounts greater than Thr requirement in diet improved productive performance and jejunal morphology of male broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Bassareh
- Department of Animal Science, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
| | - Vahid Rezaeipour
- Department of Animal Science, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran.
| | - Rohullah Abdullahpour
- Department of Animal Science, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
| | - Sakineh Asadzadeh
- Department of Animal Science, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
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Beaumont M, Roura E, Lambert W, Turni C, Michiels J, Chalvon-Demersay T. Selective nourishing of gut microbiota with amino acids: A novel prebiotic approach? Front Nutr 2022; 9:1066898. [PMID: 36601082 PMCID: PMC9806265 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1066898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Prebiotics are dietary substrates which promote host health when utilized by desirable intestinal bacteria. The most commonly used prebiotics are non-digestible oligosaccharides but the prebiotic properties of other types of nutrients such as polyphenols are emerging. Here, we review recent evidence showing that amino acids (AA) could function as a novel class of prebiotics based on: (i) the modulation of gut microbiota composition, (ii) the use by selective intestinal bacteria and the transformation into bioactive metabolites and (iii) the positive impact on host health. The capacity of intestinal bacteria to metabolize individual AA is species or strain specific and this property is an opportunity to favor the growth of beneficial bacteria while constraining the development of pathogens. In addition, the chemical diversity of AA leads to the production of multiple bacterial metabolites with broad biological activities that could mediate their prebiotic properties. In this context, we introduce the concept of "Aminobiotics," which refers to the functional role of some AA as prebiotics. We also present studies that revealed synergistic effects of the co-administration of AA with probiotic bacteria, indicating that AA can be used to design novel symbiotics. Finally, we discuss the difficulty to bring free AA to the distal gut microbiota and we propose potential solutions such as the use of delivery systems including encapsulation to bypass absorption in the small intestine. Future studies will need to further identify individual AA, dose and mode of administration to optimize prebiotic effects for the benefit of human and animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Beaumont
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Eugeni Roura
- Centre of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Conny Turni
- Centre for Animal Science, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Joris Michiels
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Pirzado SA, Arain MA, Huiyi C, Fazlani SA, Alagawany M, Gouhua L. Effect of Azomite on growth performance, immune function and tibia breaking strength of broiler chickens during starter period. Anim Biotechnol 2022; 33:1539-1544. [PMID: 33938381 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2021.1914644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This study was examined to investigate the effect of Azomite (AZO) on the growth performance, immune function, and bone mineralization of broiler chickens. A total of 240-d old male chicks were randomly assigned into four treatments with six replicates (n = 10), which included control (basal diet), basal diet +0.25% AZO, basal diet + 0.50% AZO and basal diet + kitasamycin as antibiotic growth promoter (AGP). The results indicate that live body weight (LBW), average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were significantly (p < .05) improved in AZO 0.25% and 0.50% than the control. The weight of bursa of Fabricus was significantly (p < .05) higher in AZO-0.25% and AZO-0.50% than control. Total protein (TP), globulin, IgA and IgG levels were significantly (p < .05) increased with AZO supplemented treatments. Tibia diameter tibia breaking strength was significantly (p < .05) increased in AZO- 0.25% and AZO-0.50% treatment. In conclusion, the results indicated that addition of AZO at the doses of 0.25% and 0.50% in the diet had beneficial effects on growth performance, immune functions and tibia breaking strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoaib Ahmed Pirzado
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Animal Nutrition, Sindh Agriculture University, Tando Jam, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad A Arain
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lasbela University of Agriculture Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Pakistan
| | - Cai Huiyi
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sarfraz Ali Fazlani
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lasbela University of Agriculture Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Pakistan
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Liu Gouhua
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Effects of sesame meal bioactive peptides, individually or in combination with a mixture of essential oils, on growth performance, carcass, jejunal morphology, and microbial composition of broiler chickens. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:235. [PMID: 35859053 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03232-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the current study was to investigate the influence of sesame meal bioactive peptides (SMBP) individually or in combination with a mixture of savory (Satureja khuzestanica) and thyme (Thymus daenensis) essential oils (STEO) on growth performance, carcass, jejunal morphology, and cecal microbial composition of broiler chickens. A total number of 250-day-old male Ross broiler chicks were randomly allocated to 5 dietary treatments with 5 replicates per each. Dietary treatments were a corn-soybean meal diet as control; control diet supplemented with 0.5 g/kg of Bacitracin as antibiotic (A); 3 g/kg of SMBP; 0.5 g/kg of STEO; and a combination of 3 g/kg of SMBP and 0.5 g/kg of STEO. Results indicated that inclusion of SMBP + STEO in diet improved body weight gain and feed conversion ratio during 11 to 24 days (P < 0.05). Dietary treatments had no significant effect on the carcass characteristics and internal organs. In jejunal morphology, the villus length (VL) and the ratio of VL to crypt depth (CD) were greater in birds which received SMBP + STEO diets, while CD was lower in broilers fed with SMBP + STEO diet (P < 0.05). Inclusion of SMBP in combination with STEO increased viable count of Lactobacillus while the population of E. coli decreased in birds fed with SMBP + STEO diet (P < 0.05). According to the results of this experiment, it can be concluded that dietary SMBP in combination with STEO had positive effects on the growth performance, jejunal morphometric indices, and cecal microbial composition of broiler chickens.
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Haq Z, Ahmad SM, Bashir I, Dar MA, Saleem A, Khan AA, Yatoo MI, Mir S, Rastogi A, Hussain MI, Shah RA, Bhat B. Pathogenesis-Related Gene Expression in Response to Trachyspermum ammi Supplementation Along With Probiotics in Chicken Salmonellosis and Insights in Drug Therapeutics. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:866614. [PMID: 35720847 PMCID: PMC9201639 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.866614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (S. typhimurium) is the leading cause of foodborne illness. Since Salmonella continues to have a detrimental effect on public health, there is an ongoing need to develop more advanced methods for combating Salmonellosis in foods before they reach consumers. In addition, the quest for alternative natural products has recently intensified due to increasingly stringent regulations regarding the use of antibiotics as growth promoters and consumer demand for antibiotic-free poultry products. This study evaluated the effect of Ajwain extract (AJE) on immune response and antioxidant status in broiler chicks challenged with Salmonella typhimurium. The chicks were infected with S. typhimurium and were divided into the different groups, except for the control group (CON). The challenged chicks received different treatments with 3 × 109 colony-forming unit (CFU) AciproTM-WS probiotic (PRO), 200 mg/kg Ajwain extract (AJE), 200 mg/100 kg of enrofloxacin (ENR), and a combination of 3 × 109 CFU AciproTM-WS probiotic and 200 mg/kg Ajwain extract (COM). Five days posttreatment, the tissue samples (liver and spleen) were analyzed. The results showed that basal diet supplemented with Ajwain extract (AJE) and a combination of probiotic and Ajwain extract (COM) significantly (P < 0.0.5) reduced the cytokine expression in broiler chicks challenged with S. typhimurium. Our findings suggest that AJE can clear the bacterial infection, improve antioxidant status, and suppress the inflammation response. Additionally, AJE supplementation significantly mitigated the S. typhimurium-induced increase in the interleukin-6 (IL-6) (liver and spleen), interleukin-8 (IL-8) (liver and spleen), interleukin-17A (IL-17A) (liver and spleen), and inducible nitric oxide (iNOS) (spleen and liver) levels (P < 0.05). We conclude that Ajwain is an efficient feed additive with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The interaction networks developed in this study provide a novel lead that could be targeted for anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulfqarul Haq
- Division of Livestock Production and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Syed Mudasir Ahmad
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, FVSc & AH, Shuhama, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
- *Correspondence: Syed Mudasir Ahmad
| | - Ishrat Bashir
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Mashooq Ahmad Dar
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, FVSc & AH, Shuhama, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Afnan Saleem
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, FVSc & AH, Shuhama, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Azmat Alam Khan
- Division of Livestock Production and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Mohammad Iqbal Yatoo
- Division of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Shuhama, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Shabir Mir
- Division of Animal Genetics and Breeding, FVSc & AH, Shuhama, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Ankur Rastogi
- Division of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Mohd Isfaqul Hussain
- Division of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Shuhama, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Riaz A. Shah
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, FVSc & AH, Shuhama, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Basharat Bhat
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, FVSc & AH, Shuhama, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
- Basharat Bhat
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Mesgar A, Aghdam Shahryar H, Bailey CA, Ebrahimnezhad Y, Mohan A. Effect of Dietary L-Threonine and Toxin Binder on Performance, Blood Parameters, and Immune Response of Broilers Exposed to Aflatoxin B 1. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14030192. [PMID: 35324689 PMCID: PMC8951136 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14030192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of L-Threonine (L-Thr) and Mycofix® Plus (MP) on aflatoxicosis, an experiment with a 3-way ANOVA model was carried out with 8 replicates and 640 birds. Treatments included two levels of L-Thr (100% and 125% of the requirements, Cobb 500, Cobb-Vantress), Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) (0, 500 ppb), and MP (0, 1 g/kg). As the main effects showed, AFB1 decreased breast meat yield and carcass percentage (p < 0.001), serum urea, antibody titer against infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), and bone density (p < 0.05), while it increased the plasma concentrations of glucose and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (p < 0.05). Mycofix Plus improved the grower feed intake (FI), tibia fresh weight, and body weight (BW) to bone weight (p < 0.05). L-Threonine increased the grower FI, breast meat yield, serum aspartate transaminase (AST), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) (p < 0.05). There were positive interactions with breast meat yield, cholesterol, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and IBV titer. Of the treatments used, the combination of L-Thr and MP without AFB1 improved breast meat and carcass percentage. L-Threonine and MP significantly improved IBV titer in birds challenged with AFB1 (p < 0.001). In conclusion, L-Thr and MP were beneficial to improve immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aydin Mesgar
- Department of Animal Science, Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar 5381637181, Iran; (A.M.); (H.A.S.); (Y.E.)
| | - Habib Aghdam Shahryar
- Department of Animal Science, Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar 5381637181, Iran; (A.M.); (H.A.S.); (Y.E.)
| | - Christopher Anthony Bailey
- Department of Poultry Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Correspondence: (C.A.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Yahya Ebrahimnezhad
- Department of Animal Science, Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar 5381637181, Iran; (A.M.); (H.A.S.); (Y.E.)
| | - Anand Mohan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Correspondence: (C.A.B.); (A.M.)
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Farrokhi H, Abdullahpour R, Rezaeipour V. Influence of dietary phytase and protease, individually or in combination, on growth performance, intestinal morphology, microbiota composition and nutrient utilisation in broiler chickens fed sesame meal-based diets. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.2001698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hesamoddin Farrokhi
- Department of Animal Science, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
| | - Rohullah Abdullahpour
- Department of Animal Science, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
| | - Vahid Rezaeipour
- Department of Animal Science, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
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Amiri MYA, Jafari MA, Irani M. Growth performance, internal organ traits, intestinal morphology, and microbial population of broiler chickens fed quinoa seed-based diets with phytase or protease supplements and their combination. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:535. [PMID: 34743230 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02980-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of quinoa seed-based diets with phytase and protease enzymes, individually or in combination, on the productive performance, internal organs, microbiota activity, and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens. A total of 250 1-day-old broiler chicks (ROSS 308) were randomly distributed into five treatments with each five replicate pens of 10 birds in a 42-day trial. Dietary treatments were a conventional diet (CC) based on a corn-soybean meal or an experimental diet (EC) which contained 150 g/kg of quinoa seed. Other treatments were EC diet supplemented with 500 FTU/kg phytase (EPH), 0.2 g/kg protease (EPR) enzymes, or their combination (EPPC). At the end of the trial, the feed intake of the EPH broilers was higher than those of the EC and EPPC birds (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, broiler chickens fed the EPH and EPPC diets had higher body weight gain compared with those of the birds fed the other diets (P < 0.05). The EC and EPPC broilers consumed less feed than the EPH birds (P < 0.05), while CC and EPR birds were intermediate. The EC group had the highest feed conversion ratio among all groups (P < 0.05). The EPPC group had the best feed conversion ratio compared with other groups except for the EPH group (P < 0.05). The highest relative weight of the bursa and spleen was observed in EPPC and CC groups, respectively. The pancreas had the lowest weight in the broilers fed protease-supplemented diet. An increase in villus length and villus width was observed in birds fed EPH and EC diets, respectively (P < 0.05). The ratio of VL to crypt depth was greater in the phytase-supplemented group (P < 0.05). Inclusion of phytase or phytase + protease to QS diet increased the cecal Lactobacillus population, while the count of Coliforms decreased in EPR and EPPC groups (P < 0.05). It is concluded that addition of phytase and protease enzymes to QS-based diet may have beneficial effects on the growth performance, gut bacteria ecology, and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Ali Jafari
- Department of Animal Science, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Irani
- Department of Animal Science, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
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Teymouri P, Jafari Khorshidi K, Rezaeipour V, Assadi Soumeh E. Efficacy of natural alternatives to antibiotic on the growth performance, gut microbial population, intestinal morphology, and serum biochemical metabolites of broiler chickens. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1954558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pouya Teymouri
- Department of Animal Science, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
| | - Kaveh Jafari Khorshidi
- Department of Animal Science, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
| | - Vahid Rezaeipour
- Department of Animal Science, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
| | - Elham Assadi Soumeh
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, Australia
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Adeyemi K, Balogun M, Babalola O, Salihu T, Sanusi L, Ore Z, Olagoke F. Dietary supplementation of Solanum aethiopicum and Solanecio biafrae leaves alters stress and immune responses, antioxidant status, and meat quality in broilers raised in a hot-dry environment. Br Poult Sci 2021; 63:82-90. [PMID: 34402340 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2021.1963675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
1. This study investigated the influence of dietary supplementation of Solanum aethiopicum and Solanecio biafrae leaves, which have nutraceutical properties, on stress response, cytokine expression, antioxidant status, blood chemistry, abdominal fat and meat quality in broilers reared in a hot, dry environment.2. One day old, Ross 308 chicks (n = 350) were randomly allotted to basal diets containing either no supplement (D1); 2.5 g/kg Solanum aethiopicum leaf (SAL; D2); 5 g/kg SAL (D3); 2.5 g/kg Solanecio biafrae leaf (SBL; D4); or 5 g/kg SBL (D5) for 42 d. Birds were reared at 34 ± 2°C and 40-50% relative humidity for 6 h/d from 22-42 d. Each dietary group was replicated in seven pens containing 10 chicks.3. In the period 1-21 d, body weight gain, feed efficiency and feed intake were not influenced by diet. At 22-42 and 1-42 d, birds supplemented with SAL and SBL had higher (P < 0.05) body weight gain and feed efficiency than the D1 birds. Cloaca temperature, carcase cuts and relative organ weight did not differ between diets. The D3 birds had higher (P < 0.05) erythrocytes and haemoglobin compared with other birds. Dietary supplements reduced (P < 0.05) mortality, abdominal fat, serum total cholesterol, corticosterone, glucose and blood aspartate aminotransferase levels.4. The treatments up-regulated (P < 0.05) splenic intelukin-10, and down-regulated (P < 0.05) tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β genes. A dose-dependent improvement (P < 0.05) in antioxidant enzyme activities and total antioxidant capacity of serum and breast muscle were found in the supplemented birds. The breast meat of the supplemented birds had lower (P < 0.05) carbonyl and malondialdehyde contents, and higher (P < 0.05) water holding capacity and redness compared with the non-supplemented meat.5. These results illustrated that supplementation with either 5 g/kg SAL or 5 g/kg SBL attenuated the deleterious effects of heat stress in broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Adeyemi
- Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - M Balogun
- Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - O Babalola
- Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - T Salihu
- Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - L Sanusi
- Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Z Ore
- Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - F Olagoke
- Animal Production, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
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Redoy MRA, Rahman MA, Atikuzzaman M, Shuvo AAS, Hossain E, Khan MJ, Al-Mamun M. Dose titration of plantain herb (Plantago lanceolata L.) supplementation on growth performance, serum antioxidants status, liver enzymatic activity and meat quality in broiler chickens. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1952114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. R. A. Redoy
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - M. A. Rahman
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - M. Atikuzzaman
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - A. A. S. Shuvo
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - E. Hossain
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - M. J. Khan
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - M. Al-Mamun
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
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Ghiasvand AR, Khatibjoo A, Mohammadi Y, Akbari Gharaei M, Shirzadi H. Effect of fennel essential oil on performance, serum biochemistry, immunity, ileum morphology and microbial population, and meat quality of broiler chickens fed corn or wheat-based diet. Br Poult Sci 2021; 62:562-572. [PMID: 33530744 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2021.1883551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
1. The effect of Foeniculi aetheroleum essential oil (EO) on growth performance, nutrient utilisation, serum biochemistry, immune response, ileum morphology, microbial population and meat quality of broiler chickens fed a corn- or wheat-based diet were determined.2. A total of 360 broiler chickens were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial assay in a completely randomised design with six replicates and 15 birds per experimental unit. Birds were fed corn- or wheat-based diets supplemented with (200 mg/kg) or without fennel EO.3. Birds fed wheat-based diets had lower BWG and FCR during grower period and lower FI during finisher period as compared to those fed corn-based diet (P < 0.05) whereas addition of fennel EO decreased chickens BWG during finisher period and EPEF, both in wheat or in corn-based diets. Dietary treatments had no effect on serum glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, AST, ALT, ALP, and MDA concentrations (P < 0.05).4. Antibody titres against avian influenza and sheep red blood cell antibody titres, crude protein and crude fat utilisation, villus height, crypt depth and epithelium thickness were not influenced by dietary treatments (P > 0.05). Inclusion of Fennel EO to the corn-based diet resulted in greater villus width and villus surface area while it reduced lamina propria thickness (P < 0.05). Fennel EO reduced ileal E. coli and Lactobacillus spp. populations (P < 0.05). Dietary treatments had no significant effect on meat pH, cooking loss, drip loss, crude protein, crude fat content and cholesterol concentration of breast and thigh meat, total phenolic and MDA concentrations, and breast meat sensory parameters (P > 0.05).5. These results showed that addition of fennel EO to wheat-based diets had a negative effect on chicken growth performance variables and decreased gut E. coli populations. However, immunity, meat quality and nutrient utilisation were not affected by dietary treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Ghiasvand
- Department of Animal Science, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
| | - A Khatibjoo
- Department of Animal Science, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
| | - Y Mohammadi
- Department of Animal Science, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
| | | | - H Shirzadi
- Department of Animal Science, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
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Solbi A, Rezaeipour V, Abdullahpour R, Gharahveysi S. Efficacy of lysophospholipids on growth performance, carcase, intestinal morphology, microbial population and nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens fed different dietary oil sources. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1973599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Solbi
- Department of Animal Science, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
| | - Vahid Rezaeipour
- Department of Animal Science, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
| | - Rohullah Abdullahpour
- Department of Animal Science, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
| | - Shahabodin Gharahveysi
- Department of Animal Science, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
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