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Yadav VS, Bhatia A, Yadav R, Makker K, Singh DK, Mir RA. Effect of initial periodontal therapy on metallothionein levels in smokers and non-smokers with periodontitis. Odontology 2024; 112:1353-1360. [PMID: 38587608 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-024-00937-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on mRNA expression of metallothionein (MT) and its levels in serum, saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of smokers (S) and non-smokers (NS) with periodontitis (P).A total of 100 participants were included: 48 periodontally healthy (PH) subjects (24 S [PH + S] and 24 NS [PH + NS]) and 52 patients with P (27 S [P + S] and 25 NS [P + NS]). Clinical parameters were recorded, and biofluids (serum, saliva and GCF) and gingival tissue samples were obtained at baseline in all groups and 3 months after NSPT in P groups. MT levels in biofluids were determined by ELISA. In gingival tissues, MT-mRNA expression was quantified using real-time PCR. mRNA expression of MT and its levels in biofluids were significantly higher in P + S compared to other groups, and the differences between P + NS and PH + S were non-significant. A significant decrease was observed for MT levels in biofluids, and MT-mRNA expression in periodontitis patients after NSPT. In conclusion, smoking and periodontitis are associated with higher MT expression which decreases after NSPT. MT as an oxidative stress biomarker and its therapeutic role in periodontitis should be investigated in future studies.Clinical trial registration: The study was prospectively registered at Clinical Trials Registry-India (ctri.nic.in) as CTRI/2018/08/015427 on August 23, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikender Singh Yadav
- Division of Periodontics, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - Anu Bhatia
- PRIMSR Hospital, SRM University, Sonipat, Haryana, India
| | - Rakhee Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kanika Makker
- Division of Periodontics, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Dhiraj Kumar Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Riyaz Ahmad Mir
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Kriauciunas A, Zekonis G, Gedvilaite G, Duseikaitė M, Pileckaitė E, Pacauskiene I, Liutkeviciene R. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A serum levels and common gene polymorphisms in generalized periodontitis affected patients. Acta Odontol Scand 2024; 82:74-81. [PMID: 37749912 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2023.2260000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate and compare the associations of VEGFA serum levels and SNPs (rs1570360, rs699947, rs3025033, and rs2146323) with periodontitis in study participants grouped by gender. METHODS The study enrolled 261 patients with periodontitis and 441 healthy controls as a reference group. Patients underwent periodontal examination and radiographic analysis to confirm the periodontitis diagnosis. Blood samples were collected, and the DNA salting-out method was used for DNA extraction from peripheral venous blood. Genotyping of VEGFA (rs1570360, rs699947, rs3025033, and rs2146323) was performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and serum level analysis was done for 80 individuals - 40 periodontitis-affected patients and 40 reference group subjects. RESULTS The analysis of VEGFA (rs1570360, rs699947, rs3025033, and rs2146323) showed that the rs3025033 GG genotype was less frequent in the periodontitis group than in the reference group (1.6% vs. 5.7%,p = 0.008). VEGFA serum levels were not statistically significantly different between periodontitis patients and reference group subjects (554.29 (522.38) ng/ml vs. 581.32 (348.16) ng/ml, p = 0.786). Individuals carrying rs1570360, rs699947, rs3025033, and rs2146323 haplotype A-A-G-A had decreased risks of periodontitis, while rare haplotype of VEGFA (rs1570360, rs699947, rs3025033, and rs2146323) was associated with increased odds of periodontitis (OR= 0.42; 95% CI: 0.20-0.85; p < 0.017; OR= 4.08; 95% CI: 1.86-8.94; p < 0.0001, respectively). CONCLUSION The rs3025033 GG genotype and the rs1570360, rs699947, rs3025033, and rs2146323 A-A-G-A haplotypes may play a protective role in the development of periodontitis, but a less common haplotype of the same VEGFA polymorphism may be associated with the risk of developing periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albertas Kriauciunas
- Department of Prosthodontics, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Gediminas Zekonis
- Department of Prosthodontics, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Greta Gedvilaite
- Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Institute of Neuroscience, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Medical faculty, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Monika Duseikaitė
- Medical faculty, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Pharmacy faculty, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Enrika Pileckaitė
- Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Institute of Neuroscience, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Medical faculty, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ingrida Pacauskiene
- Department of Dental and Oral Pathology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rasa Liutkeviciene
- Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Institute of Neuroscience, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Xu Y, Wang Y, Xiao H, Li Y. Hypoxia dissociates HDAC6/FOXO1 complex and aggregates them into nucleus to regulate autophagy and osteogenic differentiation. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:1248-1260. [PMID: 37767803 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This research aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the periodontitis-associated bone loss, with particular emphasis on the contributory role of hypoxic microenvironment in this process. BACKGROUND Periodontitis generally causes alveolar bone loss and is often associated with a hypoxic microenvironment, which affects bone homeostasis. However, the regulating mechanism between hypoxia and jaw metabolism remains unclear. Hypoxia triggers autophagy, which is closely related to osteogenic differentiation, but how hypoxia-induced autophagy regulates bone metabolism is unknown. HDAC6 and FOXO1 are closely related to bone metabolism and autophagy, respectively, but whether they are related to hypoxia-induced bone loss and their internal mechanisms is still unclear. METHODS Established rat nasal obstruction model and hypoxia cell model. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the expression and localization of HDAC6 and FOXO1 proteins, analysis of autophagic flux and transmission electron microscopy was used to examine the autophagy level and observe the autophagosomes, co-immunoprecipitation and chromatin immunoprecipitation were preformed to investigate the interaction of HDAC6 and FOXO1. RESULTS Hypoxia causes increased autophagy and reduced osteogenic differentiation in rat mandibles and BMSCs, and blocking autophagy can attenuate hypoxia-induced osteogenic differentiation decrease. Moreover, hypoxia dissociated the FOXO1-HDAC6 complex and accumulated them in the nucleus. Knocking down of FOXO1 or HDAC6 alleviated hypoxia-induced autophagy elevation or osteogenic differentiation reduction by binding to related genes, respectively. CONCLUSION Hypoxia causes mandibular bone loss and autophagy elevation. Mechanically, hypoxia dissociates the FOXO1-HDAC6 complex and aggregates them in the nucleus, whereas HDAC6 decreases osteogenic differentiation and FOXO1 enhances autophagy to inhibit osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Xu
- Department of Orthodontic, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Orthodontic, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixin Wang
- Department of Orthodontic, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Xiao
- Department of Orthodontic, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongming Li
- Department of Orthodontic, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
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Katz MS, Ooms M, Winnand P, Heitzer M, Bock A, Kniha K, Hölzle F, Modabber A. Evaluation of perfusion parameters of gingival inflammation using laser Doppler flowmetry and tissue spectrophotometry- a prospective comparative clinical study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:761. [PMID: 37838702 PMCID: PMC10576369 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03507-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the values of different perfusion parameters- such as oxygen saturation, the relative amount of hemoglobin, and blood flow- in healthy subjects compared to patients with gingivitis as a non-invasive measurement method. METHODS A total of 114 subjects were enrolled in this study and separated into subjects with gingivitis (50) and without gingivitis (64) based on clinical examination. Gingival perfusion was measured at 22 points in the maxilla and mandible using laser Doppler flowmetry and tissue spectrophotometry (LDF-TS) with the "oxygen to see" device. All patients underwent measurement of gingival perfusion, followed by the clinical evaluation (measurement of probing depths, evaluation of bleeding on probing, plaque level, and biotype). Perfusion parameters were compared between the groups, associations between the non-invasive and clinical measurements were analyzed, and theoretical optimal cut-off values for predicting gingivitis were calculated with receiver operating characteristics. RESULTS The mean oxygen saturation, mean relative amount of hemoglobin, and mean blood flow all significantly differed between the groups with and without gingivitis (p = 0.005, p < 0.001, and p < 0.001, respectively). The cut-off value for predicting gingivitis was > 40 AU (p < 0.001; sensitivity 0.90, specificity 0.67). CONCLUSIONS As a non-invasive method, LDF-TS can help determine gingival hyperemia. Flow values above 40 AU indicate a higher risk of hyperemia, which can be associated with inflammation. The LDF-TS method can be used for the objective evaluation of perfusion parameters during routine examinations and can signal the progression of hyperperfusion before any change in clinical parameters is observed. TRIAL REGISTRATION All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by the institutional Clinical Research Ethics Committee (Ethik-Kommission der Medizinischen Fakultät der RWTH Aachen, Decision Number 286/20) and retrospectively registered by the German Clinical Trials Register (File Number DRKS00024048, registered on the 15th of October 2021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Sophie Katz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelstraße 30, Aachen, 52074, Germany.
| | - Mark Ooms
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelstraße 30, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Philipp Winnand
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelstraße 30, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Marius Heitzer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelstraße 30, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Anna Bock
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelstraße 30, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Kristian Kniha
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelstraße 30, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Frank Hölzle
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelstraße 30, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Ali Modabber
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelstraße 30, Aachen, 52074, Germany
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Yang X, Liu P, Fan X, Yu S, Chen C, Pan Y, Lin L, Tang X, Li C. Distribution and influencing factors on residual pockets of the teeth in patients with periodontitis following non-surgical periodontal treatment: a retrospective observational study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:736. [PMID: 37814304 PMCID: PMC10561464 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03248-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is a chronic and multi-factorial infectious disease. A notable difference exists in the prognosis of patients with severe periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal treatment. Thus, a retrospective study was conducted to identify common and specific factors that impact the prognosis of patients with periodontitis stage III-IV following non-surgical periodontal treatment at different tooth sites. METHODS A total of 977 teeth were included in the study, comprising 266 patients diagnosed with periodontitis stage III-IV. This sample included 330 anterior teeth, 362 maxillary posterior teeth, and 285 mandibular posterior teeth. Following treatment, the teeth were categorized into two groups based on residual pocket depth [probing depth (PD) ≥ 5 mm] at 3 months post-treatment. The prognosis of periodontitis stage III-IV was assessed through multivariate analysis employing logistic regression to determine the association of various risk factors. RESULTS The PD values of each site and the deepest PD values of each tooth significantly decreased at 3 months post-treatment. Residual pockets were predominantly found in the mesio/disto-buccal and mesio/disto-lingual regions. Multivariate analysis revealed that gender, PD, sulcus bleeding index (SBI) and plaque index (PLI) at baseline, and crown-root ratio in anterior teeth had a significant influence on periodontitis stage III-IV (P < 0.05). Smoking, PD, PLI and furcation involvement (FI) at baseline, PLI at 3 months post-treatment, grades of periodontitis, and crown-root ratio were prediction factors for maxillary posterior teeth. Factors such as PD, PLI and FI at baseline, PLI at 3 months post-treatment, and crown-root were significant in mandibular posterior teeth. CONCLUSIONS The outcome of non-surgical treatment varies depending on the tooth positions for patients with periodontitis stage III-IV. Dentists must accurately identify the affected teeth that have periodontal pockets of more than 5 mm, taking into consideration the positions of the affected teeth, as well as various local and systemic factors. This comprehensive assessment will enable dentists to develop a customized and effective treatment plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yang
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No.117 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110002, China
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Peicheng Liu
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No.117 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110002, China
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaomiao Fan
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No.117 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110002, China
| | - Shiwen Yu
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No.117 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110002, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No.117 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110002, China
| | - Yaping Pan
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No.117 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110002, China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No.117 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110002, China
| | - Xiaolin Tang
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No.117 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110002, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No.117 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110002, China.
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Akhondian S, Fatemi K, Ebrahim Zadeh N, Rezaee SA, Bayat S, Shooshtari Z, Mohajertehran F. Necroptosis has a crucial role in the development of chronic periodontitis. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2023; 13:465-470. [PMID: 37266108 PMCID: PMC10230260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Periodontitis is a non-communicable chronic inflammatory disease that affects the entire periodontium and its severe types cause irreparable destruction. The purpose of this study was to determine the type of cell death in chronic periodontitis (CP) with the expression of receptor-interacting protein kinase (RIPK) type1 and RIPK3 genes. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study was carried out from September 2019 to 2020. The samples (38 participants) were divided into two groups: 20 recently diagnosed CP patients and 18 healthy individuals. Participants' data was collected in the periodontology Department, Dental school, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences and sent to the Immunology Lab for assessment of RIPK1 and RIPK3 expressions using quantitative real time-PCR. Results The study sample consisted of 30 females (78.9%) and 8 males (21.1%) with a mean age of 34 ± 5 years. The expression of the genes of interest in CPs exhibited an opposite pattern. Although, RIPK3 gene expression was significantly greater in CP patients compared to the control group (P = 0.024), the expression of RIPK1 decreased (p < 0.001). Moreover, no significant correlation was observed between age and gender with these molecules in CPs. Conclusion The RIPK3 selectively contributes to necroptosis, therefore, it seems that RIPK3-mediated necroptosis is involved in chronic periodontitis. RIPK1 also participates in necroptosis, but mostly in apoptosis. Therefore, necroptosis as an unprogrammed inflammatory cell death induced by pathogenic damages seems to be another mechanism complicated in periodontitis and could be used as a novel target for CP therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salehe Akhondian
- Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Kazem Fatemi
- Oral and Maxillofacial Disease Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Abdolrahim Rezaee
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sahar Bayat
- Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Shooshtari
- Dental Research Center, Mashhad Dental School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farnaz Mohajertehran
- Oral and Maxillofacial Disease Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Biomarkers for the severity of periodontal disease in patients with obstructive sleep apnea:IL-1 β, IL-6, IL-17A, and IL-33. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14340. [PMID: 36967976 PMCID: PMC10031375 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to compare the salivary and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) concentrations of five cytokines: IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, IL-33, and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) in patients with OSA and their association with periodontitis. Methods Samples of saliva and GCF were obtained from 84 patients classified into four groups according to periodontal and OSA diagnosis: G1(H) healthy patients, G2(P) periodontitis and non-OSA patients, G3(OSA) OSA and non-periodontitis patients, and G4(P-OSA) periodontitis and OSA patients. The cytokines in the samples were quantified using multiplexed bead immunoassays. Data were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test, Dunn's multiple comparisons test, and the Spearman correlation test. Results Stage III periodontitis was the highest in patients with severe OSA (69%; p=0.0142). Similar levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in saliva were noted in G2(P) and G4(P-OSA). The IL-6, IL-17A and IL-33 levels were higher in the GCF of G4(P-OSA). There was a significant positive correlation between IL-33 in saliva and stage IV periodontitis in G4(P-OSA) (r s = 0.531). The cytokine profile of the patients in G4(P-OSA) with Candida spp. had an increase of the cytokine's levels compared to patients who did not have the yeast. Conclusions OSA may increase the risk of developing periodontitis due to increase of IL-1β and IL-6 in saliva and IL-6, IL-17A and IL-33 in GCF that share the activation of the osteoclastogenesis. Those cytokines may be considered as biomarkers of OSA and periodontitis.
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Alkan B, Koroglu-Aydin P. The effects of smoking on genotoxic and histopathologic damage in exfoliated oral epithelial cells and the periodontium: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33140. [PMID: 36827003 PMCID: PMC11309656 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Smoking negatively affects the prognosis of periodontal disease by impairing tissue healing. While micronucleus is the most popular parameter for demonstrating DNA damage, inflammatory cell and vascular densities are the most evaluated parameters for determining histopathologic changes in the periodontium. This study aimed to study the effects of periodontitis and cigarette smoking on genotoxic changes in exfoliated oral epithelial cells and histopathologic changes in periodontal tissue. A cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2018 and July 2019 at a dental university hospital in Turkey, and registered as NCT05484765. Eighty systemically healthy subjects were divided into four groups according to periodontal status and smoking habits: 20 smokers with generalized periodontitis (SGP), 20 nonsmokers with generalized periodontitis (NGP), 20 smokers with healthy periodontium (SHP), and 20 nonsmokers with healthy periodontium (NHP). For each study participant, full-mouth clinical periodontal parameters (CPPs) were measured, smear samples were taken from buccal and gingival mucosa, and periodontal tissue was biopsied from the maxillary molars. Cytogenetic and histopathologic assays (primary and secondary outcomes) were conducted using Feulgen reaction and hematoxylin-eosin staining, respectively. The mean CPPs of healthy periodontium groups were lower than generalized periodontitis groups. No significant differences were found between other groups regarding CPPs. Buccal micronuclei counts in groups decreased with the highest to lowest counts occurring in the order SGP > SHP > NGP > NHP. Gingival micronuclei counts in groups decreased from SGP > SHP > NGP = NHP. The most intense inflammatory cell and vascular densities occurred in SGP and NGP groups, respectively; and the mildest values were in healthy periodontium groups. Histopathological damage score decreased significantly by group in order SGP > NGP > SHP > NHP. The synergy arising from the combination of smoking and periodontitis exposures exacerbates genotoxic and histopathologic damage in oral cells and the periodontium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begum Alkan
- Private Practice of Periodontology, Istanbul, Turkey (formerly Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey)
| | - Pinar Koroglu-Aydin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Halic University, Istanbul, Turkey
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A meta-analysis on the association between obstructive sleep apnea and periodontitis. Sleep Breath 2022; 27:641-649. [DOI: 10.1007/s11325-022-02668-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Inhibition of TRPA1 Ameliorates Periodontitis by Reducing Periodontal Ligament Cell Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis via PERK/eIF2 α/ATF-4/CHOP Signal Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4107915. [PMID: 35720191 PMCID: PMC9205716 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4107915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective In periodontitis, excessive oxidative stress combined with subsequent apoptosis and cell death further exacerbated periodontium destruction. TRPA1, an important transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channel, may participate in the process. This study is aimed at exploring the role and the novel therapeutic function of TRPA1 in periodontitis. Methods Periodontal ligament cells or tissues derived from healthy and periodontitis (PDLCs/Ts and P-PDLCs/Ts) were used to analyze the oxidative and apoptotic levels and TRPA1 expression. TRPA1 inhibitor (HC030031) was administrated in inflammation induced by P. gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (P.g.LPS) to investigate the oxidative and apoptotic levels of PDLCs. The morphology of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria was identified by transmission electron microscope, and the PERK/eIF2α/ATF-4/CHOP signal pathways were detected. Finally, HC030031 was administered to periodontitis mice to evaluate its effect on apoptotic and oxidative levels in the periodontium and the relieving of periodontitis. Results The oxidative, apoptotic levels and TRPA1 expression were higher in P-PDLC/Ts from periodontitis patients and in P.g.LPS-induced inflammatory PDLCs. TRPA1 inhibitor significantly decreased the intracellular calcium, oxidative stress, and apoptosis of inflammatory PDLCs and decreased ER stress by downregulating PERK/eIF2α/ATF-4/CHOP pathways. Meanwhile, the overall calcium ion decrease induced by EGTA also exerted similar antiapoptosis and antioxidative stress functions. In vivo, HC030031 significantly reduced oxidative stress and apoptosis in the gingiva and periodontal ligament, and less periodontium destruction was observed. Conclusion TRPA1 was highly related to periodontitis, and TRPA1 inhibitor significantly reduced oxidative and apoptotic levels in inflammatory PDLCs via inhibiting ER stress by downregulating PERK/eIF2α/ATF-4/CHOP pathways. It also reduced the oxidative stress and apoptosis in periodontitis mice thus ameliorating the development of periodontitis.
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Ebersole JL, Nagarajan R, Kirakodu SS, Gonzalez OA. Immunoglobulin gene expression profiles and microbiome characteristics in periodontitis in nonhuman primates. Mol Immunol 2022; 148:18-33. [PMID: 35665658 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2022.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Colonization of mucosal tissues throughout the body occurs by a wide array of bacteria in the microbiome that stimulate the cells and tissues, as well as respond to changes in the local milieu. A feature of periodontitis is the detection of adaptive immune responses to members of the oral microbiome that show specificity and changes with disease and treatment. Thus, variations in antibody responses are noted across the population and affected by aging, albeit, data are still unclear as to how these differences relate to disease risk and expression. This study used a nonhuman primate model of experimental periodontitis to track local microbiome changes as they related to the use and expression of a repertoire of immunoglobulin genes in gingival tissues. Gingival tissue biopsies from healthy tissues and following ligature-placement for disease initiation and progression provided gene expression analysis. Additionally, following removal of the ligatures, clinical healing occurs with gene expression in disease resolved tissues. Groups of 9 animals (young: <3 yrs., adolescent: 3-7 yrs., adult -12 to 15 yrs.; aged: 17-22 yrs) were used in the investigation. In healthy tissues, young and adolescent animals showed levels of expression of 78 Ig genes that were uniformly less than adults. In contrast, ⅔ of the Ig genes were elevated by > 2-fold in the aged samples. Specific increases in an array of the Ig gene transcripts were detected in adults at disease initiation and throughout progression, while increases in young and adolescent animals were observed only with disease progression, and in aged samples primarily late in disease progression. Resolved lesions continued to demonstrate elevated levels of Ig gene expression in only young, adolescent and adult animals. The array of Ig genes significantly correlated with inflammatory, tissue biology and hypoxia genes in the gingival tissues, with variations associated with age. In the young group of animals, specific members of the oral microbiome positively correlated with Ig gene expression, while in the older animals, many of these correlations were negative. Significant correlations were observed with a select assortment of bacterial OTUs and multiple Ig genes in both younger and older animal samples, albeit the genera/species showed little overlap. Incorporating this array of microbes and host responses clearly discriminated the various time points in transition from health to disease and resolution in both the young and adult animals. The results support a major importance of adaptive immune responses in the kinetics of periodontal lesion formation, and support aging effects on the repertoire of Ig genes that may relate to the increased prevalence and severity of periodontitis with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L Ebersole
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, USA; Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, USA
| | - Radhakrishnan Nagarajan
- Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield Clinic Health System, USA
| | - Sreenatha S Kirakodu
- Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, USA
| | - Octavio A Gonzalez
- Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, USA; Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, USA
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12
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Batool F, Petit C, Stutz C, Özçelik H, Gegout PY, Benkirane-Jessel N, Delpy E, Zal F, Leize-Zal E, Huck O. M101, a therapeutic oxygen carrier derived from Arenicola marina, decreased Porphyromonas gingivalis induced hypoxia and improved periodontal healing. J Periodontol 2022; 93:1712-1724. [PMID: 35536914 DOI: 10.1002/jper.22-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND P. gingivalis exacerbates tissue hypoxia and worsens periodontal inflammation. This study investigated the effect of a therapeutic oxygen carrier (M101), derived from Arenicola marina, on hypoxia and associated inflammation in the context of periodontitis. METHODS The effect of M101 on GLUT-1, GLUT-3, HIF-1α and MMP-9 expression, hypoxia and antioxidant status in oral epithelial cells (EC) exposed to CoCl2 (1000μM), P. gingivalis (MOI 100) and CoCl2 + P. gingivalis was evaluated through hypoxia detection fluorescence assay, antioxidant concentration colorimetric assay and RTqPCR. Evaluation of M101 on EC proliferation was evaluated in an in vitro wound assay. In experimental periodontitis, periodontal wound healing and osteoclastic activity were compared among natural wound healing, placebo and gels containing M101 (1 g/L and 2 g/L) groups through histomorphometry and TRAP assay respectively. The expression of HIF-1α, MMP-9 and NFκB in periodontal tissues was also evaluated through immunofluorescence studies. RESULTS M101 downregulated GLUT-1, GLUT-3, HIF-1α and MMP-9 levels in EC exposed to CoCl2 , P. gingivalis and CoCl2 + P. gingivalis (p < 0.05). Fluorescence and colorimetric analyses confirmed hypoxia reduction and antioxidant capacity improvement in such EC upon M101 treatment. Moreover, M101 improved significantly the in vitro wound closure. In vivo, the attachment level was significantly improved, and osteoclastic activity was reduced in mice treated with M101 gels compared to placebo and natural wound healing groups (p < 0.05). HIF-1α, MMP-9 and NFκB expression in periodontal tissues was reduced in M101 gels treated mice compared to the controls. CONCLUSION M101 showed promise in resolving hypoxia and associated inflammation mediated tissue degradation. Its potential in the clinical management of periodontitis must be further investigated. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fareeha Batool
- University of Strasbourg, Dental Faculty, Strasbourg, France.,INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, Strasbourg, France
| | - Catherine Petit
- University of Strasbourg, Dental Faculty, Strasbourg, France.,INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, Strasbourg, France.,University hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Céline Stutz
- University of Strasbourg, Dental Faculty, Strasbourg, France.,INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, Strasbourg, France
| | - Hayriye Özçelik
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Gegout
- University of Strasbourg, Dental Faculty, Strasbourg, France.,INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, Strasbourg, France.,HEMARINA SA, Morlaix, France
| | - Nadia Benkirane-Jessel
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | - Olivier Huck
- University of Strasbourg, Dental Faculty, Strasbourg, France.,INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, Strasbourg, France.,HEMARINA SA, Morlaix, France
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Petain S, Kasnak G, Firatli E, Tervahartiala T, Gürsoy UK, Sorsa T. Periodontitis and peri-implantitis tissue levels of Treponema denticola-CTLP and its MMP-8 activating ability. Acta Histochem 2021; 123:151767. [PMID: 34419758 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Chymotrypsin-like-proteinase of Treponema denticola (Td-CTLP) can stimulate the protein expression and activation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 (or collagenase-2), a potent tissue destructive enzyme from gingival cells in vitro. The aims of this study were 1) to demonstrate the proMMP-8 (or latent MMP-8) activation by Td-CTLP in vitro and 2) to detect Td-CTLP and MMP-8 protein levels in the tissue samples of peri-implantitis and periodontitis patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS proMMP-8 activation by Td-CTLP was analyzed by immunoblots. Tissue specimens were collected from 38 systemically healthy and non-smoking patients; 14 of whom had moderate to severe periodontitis, 10 of whom were suffering from peri-implantitis, and finally 14 of whom showed no sign of periodontal inflammation nor radiological bone decay (control group). The immune-expression levels of MMP-8 and Td-CTLP in the epithelium and the connective tissue were analyzed immunohistochemically. A pixel color-intensity analyze was performed with ImageJ software (version 1.46c; Rasband WS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA) to obtain a comparable numeral score for each patient's epithelium and connective tissue MMP-8 and Td-CTLP enzyme level. RESULTS Td-CTLP activated proMMP-8 in vitro by converting the 70-75 kDa proMMP-8 to 65 kDa active MMP-8. Also, lower molecular size 25-50 kDa parts of MMP-8 were formed. There was no statistically significant difference between the study groups in terms of their MMP-8 and Td-CTLP levels in the epithelium or in the connective tissue. CONCLUSION Regarding the limits of this study, it can thus be said that the Td-CTLP enzyme can activate the host proMMP-8 enzyme. Tissue protein levels of MMP-8 and Td-CTLP do not seem to be changed in peri-implantitis and in periodontitis.
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14
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Gao J, Zhu J, Zhao Y, Gan X, Yu H. Leptin attenuates hypoxia-induced apoptosis in human periodontal ligament cells via the reactive oxygen species-hypoxia-inducible factor-1α pathway. Exp Physiol 2021; 106:1752-1761. [PMID: 34143536 DOI: 10.1113/ep089324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Does leptin have an effect on hypoxia-induced apoptosis in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs), and what is the potential underlying mechanism? What is the main finding and its importance? Hypoxia induces cell apoptosis and leptin expression in hPDLCs through the induction of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Leptin shows feedback inhibition on hypoxia-induced ROS-mediated apoptosis in hPDLCs, suggesting a new application of leptin for hypoxic damage in periodontal diseases. ABSTRACT Hypoxia-induced apoptosis of human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) is an important contributor to the progression of various periodontal diseases. Although leptin has been shown to protect connective tissue cells against hypoxia-induced injury, whether it might do so by attenuating hypoxia-induced apoptosis in hPDLCs remains unclear. Here, using CoCl2 treatment, we simulated hypoxic conditions in hPDLCs and explored whether apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were related to hypoxia. After small interfering RNA (siRNA) inhibition of leptin and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), the levels of apoptosis, ROS and leptin expression were measured. We showed that in CoCl2 -treated hPDLCs, significantly higher cell apoptosis rates and ROS accumulation were observed. Cobalt chloride also increased leptin and HIF-1α expression in hPDLCs. Further investigation of the pathway demonstrated that inhibition of ROS attenuated hypoxia-induced cell apoptosis and leptin expression, whereas siRNA inhibition of leptin aggravated hypoxia-induced cell apoptosis and ROS accumulation. Hypoxia induces cell apoptosis and leptin expression in hPDLCs through the induction of ROS and HIF-1α pathways, and leptin shows feedback inhibition on ROS-mediated apoptosis in hPDLCs. These findings suggest a new application of leptin for hypoxic damage in periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Junfei Zhu
- Stomatology Center, China Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yuwei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xueqi Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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15
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Ren B, Feng Q, He S, Li Y, Fan J, Chai G, Liu L, Liu H, Yang C, Wang Y, Liu H, Liu H, Song Y. VEGF as a potential molecular target in periodontitis: a meta-analysis and microarray data validation. J Inflamm (Lond) 2021; 18:18. [PMID: 34022893 PMCID: PMC8140513 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-021-00281-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been used as a therapeutic drug for the treatment of some human diseases. However, no systematic evidence is performed for assessing the role of VEGF in periodontitis. We carried out a comprehensive analysis to explore the role of VEGF in patients with periodontitis. METHODS Multiple databases were searched for eligible studies. The pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) and odds ratio (OR) with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were applied to evaluate the effect sizes. Clinical data validation from microarray analysis was used. Pathway and process enrichment analysis were also investigated. RESULTS Finally, 16 studies were included in this analysis. Overall, there was a significantly higher level of VEGF expression in periodontitis than in healthy control groups (OR = 16.64, 95% CI = 6.01-46.06, P < 0.001; SMD = 2.25, 95% CI = 1.25-3.24, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis of ethnicity showed that VEGF expression was still correlated with periodontitis in the Asian and European populations. No correlation was observed between VEGF expression and age, gender, and pathological type. A large clinical sample data (427 periodontitis patients and 136 healthy controls) further validated that VEGF expression was higher in periodontitis than in healthy control groups (P = 0.023). VEGF was involved in many functions such as blood vessel development, response to growth factor, cell proliferation, and cell adhesion. CONCLUSIONS High levels of VEGF were credible implications for the development of periodontitis. Anti-VEGF therapy may be valuable for the treatment of periodontitis in clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ren
- Department of Stomatology, the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, Haidian District, China
| | - Que Feng
- Department of Stomatology, the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, Haidian District, China
| | - Shan He
- Department of Stomatology, the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, Haidian District, China
| | - Yanfeng Li
- Department of Stomatology, the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, Haidian District, China.
| | - Jiadong Fan
- Department of Stomatology, the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, Haidian District, China.
| | - Guangquan Chai
- Department of Stomatology, the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, Haidian District, China.
| | - Le Liu
- Department of Stomatology, the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, Haidian District, China
| | - Haiyun Liu
- Department of Stomatology, the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, Haidian District, China
| | - Chunhao Yang
- Department of Stomatology, the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, Haidian District, China
| | - Yingdi Wang
- Department of Stomatology, the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, Haidian District, China
| | - Huihui Liu
- Department of Stomatology, the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, Haidian District, China
| | - Huanyue Liu
- Department of Stomatology, the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, Haidian District, China
| | - Yafan Song
- Department of Stomatology, the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, Haidian District, China
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16
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Isola G, Polizzi A, Ronsivalle V, Alibrandi A, Palazzo G, Lo Giudice A. Impact of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 during Periodontitis and Cardiovascular Diseases. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061777. [PMID: 33810003 PMCID: PMC8004886 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) has been shown to play a key role in endothelial function and perhaps pivotal in the correlation between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease (CVD). For the study, the impact of MMP-9 of periodontitis and CVD on serum and saliva concentrations was analyzed. For the study patients with periodontitis (n = 31), CVD (n = 31), periodontitis + CVD (n = 31), and healthy patients (n = 31) were enrolled. Clinical and demographic characteristics as well as serum and salivary MMP-9 were evaluated. MMP-9 concentrations in serum and saliva were statistically elevated in patients with CVD (p < 0.01) and in patients with periodontitis plus CVD (p < 0.001) compared to patients with periodontitis and healthy subjects. Multivariate regression analysis showed that c-reactive protein (hs-CRP) was the only significant predictor for MMP-9 serum (p < 0.001), whereas hs-CRP (p < 0.001) and total cholesterol (p = 0.029) were the statistically significant salivary MMP-9 predictors. This study evidenced that patients with CVD and periodontitis + CVD presented elevated MMP-9 concentrations in serum and saliva compared to patients with periodontitis and healthy subjects. Furthermore, hs-CRP was a negative predictor of serum and salivary MMP-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Isola
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (A.P.); (V.R.); (G.P.); (A.L.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-095-378-2453
| | - Alessandro Polizzi
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (A.P.); (V.R.); (G.P.); (A.L.G.)
| | - Vincenzo Ronsivalle
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (A.P.); (V.R.); (G.P.); (A.L.G.)
| | - Angela Alibrandi
- Department of Economical, Business and Environmental Sciences and Quantitative Methods, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Palazzo
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (A.P.); (V.R.); (G.P.); (A.L.G.)
| | - Antonino Lo Giudice
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (A.P.); (V.R.); (G.P.); (A.L.G.)
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Morimoto C, Takedachi M, Kawasaki K, Shimomura J, Murata M, Hirai A, Kawakami K, Sawada K, Iwayama T, Murakami S. Hypoxia stimulates collagen hydroxylation in gingival fibroblasts and periodontal ligament cells. J Periodontol 2021; 92:1635-1645. [PMID: 33660864 DOI: 10.1002/jper.20-0670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular responses to hypoxia regulate various biological events, including angiogenesis and extracellular matrix metabolism. Collagen is a major component of the extracellular matrix in periodontal tissues and its coordinated production is essential for tissue homeostasis. In this study, we investigated the effects of hypoxia on collagen production in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) and human periodontal ligament cells (HPDLs). METHODS HGFs and HPDLs were cultured under either normoxic (20% O2 ) or hypoxic (1% O2 ) conditions. Nuclear expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) was determined by western blotting. Peri-cellular expression of type I collagen was examined by immunocytochemistry analysis. Synthesis of type I collagen was evaluated by measuring the concentration of procollagen type I C-peptide (PIP) in culture supernatant using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Expression of collagen hydroxylase enzymes prolyl 4-hydroxylase alpha polypeptide 1 (P4HA1) and 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2) was determined by RT-qPCR and western blotting. The roles of these enzymes were analyzed using siRNA transfection. RESULTS Cultivation under hypoxic conditions stimulated type I collagen production via HIF-1α in both cell types. Interestingly, hypoxic conditions did not affect collagen 1a1 or 1a2 gene expression but upregulated that of P4HA1 and PLOD2. Additionally, suppressing P4HA1 significantly decreased the levels of hypoxia-induced procollagen type I C-peptide, a product of stable triple helical collagen, in the supernatant. In contrast, PLOD2 suppression decreased cross-linked collagen expression in the pericellular region. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that hypoxia activates collagen synthesis in HGFs and HPDLs by upregulating hydroxylases P4HA1 and PLOD2 in an HIF-1α-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiaki Morimoto
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahide Takedachi
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kohsuke Kawasaki
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Junpei Shimomura
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mari Murata
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Asae Hirai
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuma Kawakami
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keigo Sawada
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Iwayama
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinya Murakami
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
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Isola G, Polizzi A, Patini R, Ferlito S, Alibrandi A, Palazzo G. Association among serum and salivary A. actinomycetemcomitans specific immunoglobulin antibodies and periodontitis. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:283. [PMID: 33059645 PMCID: PMC7565341 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01258-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the association between serum and salivary Immunoglobulin (Ig) Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans) specific antibodies in healthy controls (HC) and periodontitis (PT) patients. Furthermore, the objectives were to determine whether PT influenced serum A. actinomycetemcomitans specific antibodies and whether serum or salivary antibodies against A. actinomycetemcomitans IgG were mediated by serum high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (hs-CRP). METHODS Fifty-three patients with periodontitis and 48 HC were enrolled in the present study. Patients were regularly examined and characterized by clinical, salivary and blood samples analyses. A. actinomycetemcomitans IgA and IgG antibodies and hs-CRP were evaluated using a commercially available kit. The Spearman Correlation Test and Jonckheere-Terpstra Test were applied in order to assess the interdependence between serum A. actinomycetemcomitans IgG antibodies and clinical periodontal parameters. To evaluate the dependence of the serum and salivary A. actinomycetemcomitans IgG levels from possible confounders, univariate and multivariable linear regression analyses were performed. RESULTS Compared to HC, patients with PT had significantly higher IgA [serum: PT, 1.89 (1.2-2.2) EU vs HC, 1.37 (0.9-1.8) EU (p = 0.022); saliva: PT, 1.67 (1.4-2.1) EU vs HC, 1.42 (0.9-1.6) EU (p = 0.019)] and A. actinomycetemcomitans IgG levels [serum: PT, 2.96 (2.1-3.7) EU vs HC, 2.18 (1.8-2.1) EU (p < 0.001); saliva, PT, 2.19 (1.8-2.5) EU vs HC, 1.84 (1.4-2) EU (p = 0.028)]. In PT patients, serum A. actinomycetemcomitans IgG were associated with a proportional extent of PT and tooth loss (P-trend value< 0.001). The univariate regression analysis demonstrated that PT (p = 0.013) and high hs-CRP (p < 0.001) had a significant negative effect on serum and salivary A. actinomycetemcomitans IgG levels. The multivariate regression analysis showed that PT (p = 0.033), hs-CRP (p = 0.014) and BMI (p = 0.017) were significant negative predictors of serum A. actinomycetemcomitans IgG while hs-CRP (p < 0.001) and BMI (P = 0.025) were significant negative predictors of salivary A. actinomycetemcomitans IgG. CONCLUSIONS PT patients presented a significantly higher serum and salivary A. actinomycetemcomitans IgA and IgG compared to HC. There was a significant increase in serum A. actinomycetemcomitans IgG when patients presented a progressive extent of PT. Moreover, PT and hs-CRP were significant negative predictors of increased salivary and serum A. actinomycetemcomitans IgG levels. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was retrospectively registered at clinicaltrials.gov ( NCT04417322 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Isola
- grid.8158.40000 0004 1757 1969Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandro Polizzi
- grid.8158.40000 0004 1757 1969Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Romeo Patini
- grid.8142.f0000 0001 0941 3192Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Ferlito
- grid.8158.40000 0004 1757 1969Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Alibrandi
- grid.10438.3e0000 0001 2178 8421Department of Economical, Business and Environmental Sciences and Quantitative Methods, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Palazzo
- grid.8158.40000 0004 1757 1969Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95124 Catania, Italy
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