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Eigner F, Keller S, Schmitt S, Corti S, Nolff MC. Efficiency of octenidine dihydrochloride alcohol combination compared to ethanol based skin antiseptics for preoperative skin preparation in dogs. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293211. [PMID: 37934779 PMCID: PMC10629653 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To quantify the bacterial burden after skin disinfection using an alcohol octenidine dihydrochloride combination (Octenisept®) compared to an 74.1% ethanol 10% 2-propanol combination (Softasept N®). STUDY DESIGN Prospective randomized clinical trial. MATERIAL & METHODS 61 dogs undergoing clean or clean-contaminated surgeries (excluding surgeries on the gastrointestinal tract) were randomly assigned to group O (skin disinfection with alcohol and octenidine dihydrochloride after washing with octenidine containing soap) or to control group C (skin disinfection using the ethanol-2-propanol combination after washing with a neutral soap without antiseptic ingredients). Samples were then taken from 8 different locations within the surgical field at four different stages: after clipping, after washing, after disinfection and one hour later. At each stage, two different sampling techniques (wet-dry swab technique (WDS) and contact plates (CP)) were used for quantitative analysis of bacterial counts. RESULTS WDS detected about 100-fold more bacteria compared to CP sampling in cases with high bacterial burden, but was not accurate enough to detect small numbers. CP sampling was therefore used for comparison of treatment protocols. 30 dogs were assigned to group O and 31 to group C. A relative reduction of 69% in group O and 77 percent in group C was observed after the soap wash. No significant differences were detected between both groups. Washing and disinfection resulted in a reduction of bacterial counts of 99.99% in group O versus 99.7% in group C (p = 0.018). Bacterial reduction one hour after washing and disinfection was significantly higher in group O (99.9%) than in group C (98.5%, p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Additional octenidine dihydrochloride provided a slightly better decontamination effect after disinfection, particularly one hour after, which means it may only be indicated in longer surgeries. WDS is more sensitive but less specific to detect bacteria on the skin than the CP sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Eigner
- Vetsuisse Faculty Zürich, Clinic for Small Animal Surgery, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Keller
- Vetsuisse Faculty Zürich, Clinic for Small Animal Reproduction, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Schmitt
- Vetsuisse Faculty Zürich, Section of Veterinary Bacteriology, Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, University Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sabrina Corti
- Vetsuisse Faculty Zürich, Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, University Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mirja C. Nolff
- Vetsuisse Faculty Zürich, Clinic for Small Animal Surgery, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
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2
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Kalnins NJ, Gibson JS, Stewart AJ, Croton C, Purcell SL, Rajapaksha B, Haworth M. Antimicrobials in dog‐to‐dog bite wounds: A retrospective study of 1526 dog bite events (1999‐2019). J Vet Intern Med 2022; 36:2028-2041. [DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole J. Kalnins
- School of Veterinary Science University of Queensland Gatton Queensland Australia
| | - Justine S. Gibson
- School of Veterinary Science University of Queensland Gatton Queensland Australia
| | - Allison J. Stewart
- School of Veterinary Science University of Queensland Gatton Queensland Australia
| | - Catriona Croton
- School of Veterinary Science University of Queensland Gatton Queensland Australia
- School of Sciences, Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences University of Southern Queensland Darling Heights Queensland Australia
| | - Sarah L. Purcell
- School of Veterinary Science University of Queensland Gatton Queensland Australia
| | - Bandula Rajapaksha
- School of Veterinary Science University of Queensland Gatton Queensland Australia
| | - Mark Haworth
- School of Veterinary Science University of Queensland Gatton Queensland Australia
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3
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Aisa J, Parlier M. Local wound management: A review of modern techniques and products. Vet Dermatol 2022; 33:463-478. [PMID: 35876262 DOI: 10.1111/vde.13104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Management of wounds is a commonly performed and essential aspect of small animal veterinary medicine. Appropriate wound management is a difficult art to master, due to the inherent complexity of the clinical scenario, as well as the ever-evolving nature of the field with the constant addition of new products and techniques. This article reviews key concepts that may help the practitioner better understand the natural process of wound healing, factors that delay healing and strategies to help improve the local wound environment to make it more conducive to healing during open wound management. The concept of wound bed preparation is defined before common local wound management strategies, such as wound lavage and debridement, are discussed in more detail. Key aspects of the management of biofilms and appropriate use of antimicrobial agents are also reviewed. Finally, the concept of moist wound healing and its impact in modern wound management is explained before a broad variety of types of wound dressings are reviewed, with a particular focus on active dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Aisa
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Mark Parlier
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN, USA
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4
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Nielsen SS, Bicout DJ, Calistri P, Canali E, Drewe JA, Garin-Bastuji B, Gonzales Rojas JL, Gortázar C, Herskin M, Michel V, Miranda Chueca MÁ, Padalino B, Pasquali P, Roberts HC, Spoolder H, Ståhl K, Velarde A, Viltrop A, Winckler C, Baldinelli F, Broglia A, Kohnle L, Alvarez J. Assessment of listing and categorisation of animal diseases within the framework of the Animal Health Law (Regulation (EU) No 2016/429): antimicrobial-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in dogs and cats. EFSA J 2022; 20:e07310. [PMID: 35515338 PMCID: PMC9063721 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) was identified among the most relevant antimicrobial‐resistant (AMR) bacteria in the EU for dogs and cats in a previous scientific opinion. Thus, it has been assessed according to the criteria of the Animal Health Law (AHL), in particular criteria of Article 7 on disease profile and impacts, Article 5 on its eligibility to be listed, Annex IV for its categorisation according to disease prevention and control rules as in Article 9, and Article 8 for listing animal species related to the bacterium. The assessment has been performed following a methodology previously published. The outcome is the median of the probability ranges provided by the experts, which indicates whether each criterion is fulfilled (lower bound ≥ 66%) or not (upper bound ≤ 33%), or whether there is uncertainty about fulfilment. Reasoning points are reported for criteria with uncertain outcome. According to the assessment here performed, it is uncertain whether AMR P. aeruginosa can be considered eligible to be listed for Union intervention according to Article 5 of the AHL (33–90% probability). According to the criteria in Annex IV, for the purpose of categorisation related to the level of prevention and control as in Article 9 of the AHL, the AHAW Panel concluded that the bacterium does not meet the criteria in Sections 1, 2, 3 and 4 (Categories A, B, C and D; 0–5%, 1–5%, 5–33% and 5–33% probability of meeting the criteria, respectively) and the AHAW Panel was uncertain whether it meets the criteria in Section 5 (Category E, 33–90% probability of meeting the criteria). The animal species to be listed for AMR P. aeruginosa according to Article 8 criteria are mainly dogs and cats.
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5
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Kalnins NJ, Haworth M, Croton C, Gibson JS, Stewart AJ, Purcell SL. Treatment of moderate grade dog bite wounds using amoxicillin-clavulanic acid with and without enrofloxacin: a randomised non-inferiority trial. Aust Vet J 2021; 99:369-377. [PMID: 34151420 DOI: 10.1111/avj.13093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dog-to-dog bite wounds are a common veterinary emergency presentation: despite this, there is insufficient information to guide veterinarians on appropriate empirical antimicrobial management. OBJECTIVES Investigate the effectiveness of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid with and without enrofloxacin in the treatment of moderate grade dog bite wounds (DBW). To describe common pathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a single-centre parallel group pragmatic trial, 50 dogs presenting with moderate grade DBW were prospectively randomised to receive amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (group A) or amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and enrofloxacin (group B). Swabs were taken for culture and susceptibility testing at admission. Stabilisation, wound care and surgical debridement were performed at the discretion of admitting clinicians. The primary outcome was complication due to infection at 10 days, with Bayesian inference used to estimate the difference in proportions between treatment groups. RESULTS Of the 24 dogs in treatment group A, 1 required the addition of enrofloxacin at re-examination. None of the 26 dogs in group B required alteration of antimicrobial coverage. The difference in complication rate due to infection between treatment groups was 4.2%. Twenty-one different organisms were identified: Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Neisseria spp., Pasteurella multocida and P. canis were the most common. Over 90% of gram-negative and gram-positive isolates were susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. Ninety-six percent of gram-negative and 86% of gram-positive isolates were susceptible to enrofloxacin. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid is an appropriate empirical antimicrobial choice for moderate DBW in South East Queensland. Reduced empirical enrofloxacin use will promote antimicrobial stewardship and potentially antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- N J Kalnins
- School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
| | - M Haworth
- School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
| | - C Croton
- School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, School of Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - J S Gibson
- School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
| | - A J Stewart
- School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
| | - S L Purcell
- School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
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Nolff MC. Filling the vacuum: Role of negative pressure wound therapy in open wound management in cats. J Feline Med Surg 2021; 23:823-833. [PMID: 34428942 PMCID: PMC8392764 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x211037873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Practical relevance: Open wounds and their treatment present a common challenge in veterinary practice. Approaching 15 years ago negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) started to be incorporated into clinical veterinary medicine, and its availability is becoming more widespread in Europe and the USA. Use of this therapy has the potential to significantly increase the healing rate of open wounds as well as free skin grafts in small animals, and it has been occasionally described for the management of feline wounds. Aim: This review describes the mechanisms of action of, and indications for, NPWT, and offers recommendations for NPWT specific to feline patients. Evidence base: The information presented is based on the current evidence and the author’s clinical experience of the technique gained over the past 12 years. Comparative studies of different treatment options are lacking and, since wound healing in cats and dogs differs, cat-specific studies are especially needed. Well-designed wound healing studies comparing different advanced techniques will improve open wound healing in cats in the future, and potentially allow better understanding of the role of NPWT in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirja C Nolff
- Clinic for Small Animal Surgery, Tierspital Zürich, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
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7
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Concannon TM, Kidd L, Osmond C, Dong F, Griffon D. Prospective evaluation of the influence of sampling method on bacterial culture results and antimicrobial selection in 52 dogs with infected wounds. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2020; 30:149-158. [PMID: 32056364 DOI: 10.1111/vec.12926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the influence of sampling methods on culture results and selection of antimicrobials for treating infected wounds in dogs. DESIGN Prospective study from January to July 2016. SETTING Three private multispecialty referral centers. ANIMALS Fifty-two client-owned dogs with infected wounds. INTERVENTIONS Each wound was sampled for culture by 3 methods: swabbing prior to preparation (dirty swabs), swabbing after debridement and sterile lavage (clean swabs), and biopsy. Bacterial species and phenotypes were compared. Three clinicians unaware of patient, wound, and sampling information selected antimicrobial drugs based on culture and sensitivity reports. Antimicrobials were divided into class I, II, or III based on established guidelines. The number, highest class of antimicrobial chosen, and inter-investigator agreement were examined. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Identical populations of bacteria were isolated for all 3 sampling techniques in only 31% of wounds. Significantly fewer bacterial species were isolated from biopsy samples (1.87 bacterial species per wound ± 1.14) than from clean swab samples (2.29 ± 1.18; P = 0.009) but not dirty swab samples (2.29 ± 1.29; P = 0.06). The recovery frequency for gram-positive bacteria was lower for biopsy compared to either swabbing technique (P = 0.001 for both comparisons). No difference was observed between clean and dirty swabbing techniques for any parameter examined. Sampling technique did not affect the proportion of wounds with anaerobic, gram-negative, or multi-drug resistant bacteria. The number (P = 0.28) and highest class of antimicrobial (P = 0.9) selected per wound did not differ between the 3 sampling techniques (P = 0.28). Clinician agreement was 83-90% depending on sampling technique. CONCLUSION Although there were some differences in bacteria isolated from biopsy samples compared to swab samples from infected wounds, technique did not influence the number and highest class of antimicrobial selected by clinicians. Wound debridement prior to sampling by swabbing did not alter the number or type of bacteria isolated, nor the number or the highest class of antimicrobial selected by clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Linda Kidd
- Western University of Health Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine, Pomona, CA
| | | | - Fanglong Dong
- Western University of Health Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine, Pomona, CA
| | - Dominique Griffon
- Western University of Health Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine, Pomona, CA
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8
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Sun Y, Ogawa R, Xiao BH, Feng YX, Wu Y, Chen LH, Gao XH, Chen HD. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in skin wound healing: A systematic review of animal studies. Int Wound J 2019; 17:285-299. [PMID: 31724831 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infection is a common wound complication that can significantly delay healing. Classical local therapies for infected wounds are expensive and are frequently ineffective. One alternative therapy is photodynamic therapy (PDT). We conducted a systematic review to clarify whether PDT is useful for bacteria-infected wounds in animal models. PubMed and Medline were searched for articles on PDT in infected skin wounds in animals. The language was limited to English. Nineteen articles met the inclusion criteria. The overall study methodological quality was moderate, with a low-moderate risk of bias. The animal models were mice and rats. The wounds were excisional, burn, and abrasion wounds. Wound size ranged from 6 mm in diameter to 1.5 × 1.5 cm2 . Most studies inoculated the wounds with Pseudomonas aeruginosa or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Eleven and 17 studies showed that the PDT of infected wounds significantly decreased wound size and bacterial counts, respectively. Six, four, and two studies examined the effect of PDT on infected wound-cytokine levels, wound-healing time, and body weight, respectively. Most indicated that PDT had beneficial effects on these variables. PDT accelerated bacteria-infected wound healing in animals by promoting wound closure and killing bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Sun
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Rei Ogawa
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Bi-Huan Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu-Xin Feng
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Liang-Hong Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xing-Hua Gao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hong-Duo Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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9
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In vitro evaluation of the decontamination effect of cold atmospheric argon plasma on selected bacteria frequently encountered in small animal bite injuries. J Microbiol Methods 2019; 169:105728. [PMID: 31629909 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2019.105728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Beneficial effects of cold atmospheric argon plasma (CAAP) on wound healing and its capacity for bacterial decontamination has recently been documented. First, in vivo studies in small animals did not prove any decontamination effect in canine bite wounds. The present study evaluated the overall decontamination effect of CAAP for different bacteria frequently encountered in canine bite wounds with respect to growth phase, initial bacteria concentration and treatment duration. Standard strains of Escherichia (E.) coli, Staphylococcus (S.) pseudintermedius, S. aureus, Streptococcus (S.) canis, Pseudomonas (P.) aeruginosa and Pasteurella multocida were investigated. To evaluate the influence of the bacterial growth phase, each bacterium was incubated for three and eight hours, before CAAP treatment. Three different bacterial concentrations were created per bacterium and growth phase, and were exposed to CAAP for 30 s, 1 min and 2 min. CAAP treatment resulted in acceptable decontamination rates (range 98.9-99.9%) in all bacteria species in vitro; however, differences in susceptibility were detected. Decontamination rate was mainly influenced by initial bacterial concentration and treatment time. Growth phase only influenced decontamination in S. pseudintermedius. Treatment time significantly (P < .05) correlated with the decontamination rate in E. coli, S. canis and S. aureus, with an exposure time of 2 min being most effective. Initial bacterial concentration significantly (P < .05) influenced decontamination in Pasteurella multocida and P. aeruginosa, in which treatment time was not as important. CAAP exerts effective antibacterial activity against the tested bacteria strains in vitro, with species specific effects of treatment time, growth phase and concentration.
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10
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Rubin AE, Usta OB, Schloss R, Yarmush M, Golberg A. Selective Inactivation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus epidermidis with Pulsed Electric Fields and Antibiotics. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2019; 8:136-148. [PMID: 31737412 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2018.0819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Increasing numbers of multidrug-resistant bacteria make many antibiotics ineffective; therefore, new approaches to combat microbial infections are needed. In addition, antibiotics are not selective-they kill pathogenic organisms as well as organisms that could positively contribute to wound healing (bio flora). Approach: Here we report on selective inactivation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus epidermidis, potential pathogens involved in wound infections with pulsed electric fields (PEFs) and antibiotics (mix of penicillin, streptomycin, and nystatin). Results: Using a Taguchi experimental design in vitro, we found that, under similar electric field strengths, the pulse duration is the most important parameter for P. aeruginosa inactivation, followed by the number of pulses and pulse frequency. P. aeruginosa, a potential severe pathogen, is more sensitive than the less pathogenic S. epidermidis to PEF (alone or in combination with antibiotics). Applying 200 pulses with a duration of 60 μs at 2.8 Hz, the minimum electric fields of 308.8 ± 28.3 and 378.4 ± 12.9 V/mm were required to inactive P. aeruginosa and S. epidermidis, respectively. Addition of antibiotics reduced the threshold for minimum electric fields required to inactivate the bacteria. Innovation: This study provides essential information, such as critical electric field parameters for bacteria inactivation, required for developing in vivo treatment and clinical protocols for using PEF for wound healing. Conclusion: A combination of PEFs with antibiotics reduces the electric field threshold required for bacteria disinfection. Such an approach simplifies devices required to disinfect large areas of infected wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Ethan Rubin
- Porter School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Tel Aviv University Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Osman Berk Usta
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Shriners Burn Hospital for Children and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rene Schloss
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Martin Yarmush
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Shriners Burn Hospital for Children and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Alexander Golberg
- Porter School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Tel Aviv University Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel
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11
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IGBT-Based Pulsed Electric Fields Generator for Disinfection: Design and In Vitro Studies on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Ann Biomed Eng 2019; 47:1314-1325. [PMID: 30726513 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-019-02225-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Irreversible electroporation of cell membrane with pulsed electric fields is an emerging physical method for disinfection that aims to reduce the doses and volumes of used antibiotics for wound healing. Here we report on the design of the IGBT-based pulsed electric field generator that enabled eradication of multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 on the gel. Using a concentric electric configuration we determined that the lower threshold of the electric field required to kill P. aeruginosa PAO1 was 89.28 ± 12.89 V mm-1, when 200 square pulses of 300 µs duration are delivered at 3 Hz. These parameters disinfected 38.14 ± 0.79 mm2 area around the single needle electrode. This study provides a step towards the design of equipment required for multidrug-resistant bacteria disinfection in patients with pulsed electric fields.
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12
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Nolff MC, Winter S, Reese S, Meyer‐Lindenberg A. Comparison of polyhexanide, cold atmospheric plasma and saline in the treatment of canine bite wounds. J Small Anim Pract 2018; 60:348-355. [DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. C. Nolff
- Clinic for Small Animal Surgery and ReproductionLudwig‐Maximilians‐University Munich 80539 Germany
| | - S. Winter
- Clinic for Small Animal Surgery and ReproductionLudwig‐Maximilians‐University Munich 80539 Germany
| | - S. Reese
- Department for Basic Veterinary SciencesLudwig‐Maximilians‐University Munich 80539 Germany
| | - A. Meyer‐Lindenberg
- Clinic for Small Animal Surgery and ReproductionLudwig‐Maximilians‐University Munich 80539 Germany
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13
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Marume A, Matope G, Katsande S, Khoza S, Mutingwende I, Mduluza T, Munodawafa-Taderera T, Ndhlala AR. Wound Healing Properties of Selected Plants Used in Ethnoveterinary Medicine. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:544. [PMID: 28932192 PMCID: PMC5592899 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants have arrays of phytoconstituents that have wide ranging biological effects like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties key in wound management. In vivo wound healing properties of ointments made of crude methanolic extracts (10% extract w/w in white soft paraffin) of three plant species, Cissus quadrangularis L. (whole aerial plant parts), Adenium multiflorum Klotzsch (whole aerial plant parts) and Erythrina abyssinica Lam. Ex DC. (leaves and bark) used in ethnoveterinary medicine were evaluated on BALB/c female mice based on wound area changes, regular observations, healing skin's percentage crude protein content and histological examinations. White soft paraffin and 3% oxytetracycline ointment were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. Wound area changes over a 15 day period for mice treated with C. quadrangularis and A. multiflorum extract ointments were comparable to those of the positive control (oxytetracycline ointment). Wounds managed with the same extract ointments exhibited high crude protein contents, similar to what was observed on animals treated with the positive control. Histological evaluations revealed that C. quadrangularis had superior wound healing properties with the wound area completely returning to normal skin structure by day 15 of the experiment. E. abyssinica leaf and bark extract ointments exhibited lower wound healing properties though the leaf extract exhibited some modest healing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amos Marume
- Department of Paraclinical Veterinary Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of ZimbabweHarare, Zimbabwe.,Pharmacy Skills Training and Development Unit, EastEnd Medical Centre, Harare Institute of Public HealthHarare, Zimbabwe
| | - Gift Matope
- Department of Paraclinical Veterinary Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of ZimbabweHarare, Zimbabwe
| | - Simbarashe Katsande
- Department of Paraclinical Veterinary Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of ZimbabweHarare, Zimbabwe
| | - Star Khoza
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Health Sciences, University of ZimbabweHarare, Zimbabwe
| | - Isaac Mutingwende
- Pharmacy Skills Training and Development Unit, EastEnd Medical Centre, Harare Institute of Public HealthHarare, Zimbabwe.,Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, University of ZimbabweHarare, Zimbabwe
| | - Takafira Mduluza
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of ZimbabweHarare, Zimbabwe.,Infection Prevention and Control, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-NatalDurban, South Africa
| | - Tafadzwa Munodawafa-Taderera
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, University of ZimbabweHarare, Zimbabwe
| | - Ashwell R Ndhlala
- Vegetable and Ornamental Plants, Agricultural Research CouncilPretoria, South Africa
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14
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Nolff MC, Pieper K, Meyer-Lindenberg A. Treatment of a perforating thoracic bite wound in a dog with negative pressure wound therapy. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2016; 249:794-800. [DOI: 10.2460/javma.249.7.794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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