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Keyl A, Herrfurth C, Pandey G, Kim RJ, Helwig L, Haslam TM, de Vries S, de Vries J, Gutsche N, Zachgo S, Suh MC, Kunst L, Feussner I. Divergent evolution of the alcohol-forming pathway of wax biosynthesis among bryophytes. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024. [PMID: 38501480 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The plant cuticle is a hydrophobic barrier, which seals the epidermal surface of most aboveground organs. While the cuticle biosynthesis of angiosperms has been intensively studied, knowledge about its existence and composition in nonvascular plants is scarce. Here, we identified and characterized homologs of Arabidopsis thaliana fatty acyl-CoA reductase (FAR) ECERIFERUM 4 (AtCER4) and bifunctional wax ester synthase/acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (AtWSD1) in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha (MpFAR2 and MpWSD1) and the moss Physcomitrium patens (PpFAR2A, PpFAR2B, and PpWSD1). Although bryophyte harbor similar compound classes as described for angiosperm cuticles, their biosynthesis may not be fully conserved between the bryophytes M. polymorpha and P. patens or between these bryophytes and angiosperms. While PpFAR2A and PpFAR2B contribute to the production of primary alcohols in P. patens, loss of MpFAR2 function does not affect the wax profile of M. polymorpha. By contrast, MpWSD1 acts as the major wax ester-producing enzyme in M. polymorpha, whereas mutations of PpWSD1 do not affect the wax ester levels of P. patens. Our results suggest that the biosynthetic enzymes involved in primary alcohol and wax ester formation in land plants have either evolved multiple times independently or undergone pronounced radiation followed by the formation of lineage-specific toolkits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa Keyl
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Cornelia Herrfurth
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, 37077, Germany
- Service Unit for Metabolomics and Lipidomics, Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, Goettingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Garima Pandey
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Korea
| | - Ryeo Jin Kim
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Korea
| | - Lina Helwig
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Tegan M Haslam
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Sophie de Vries
- Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Jan de Vries
- Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, 37077, Germany
- Campus Institute Data Science (CIDAS), University of Goettingen, Goettingen, 37077, Germany
- Department of Applied Informatics, Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, Goettingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Nora Gutsche
- Division of Botany, Osnabrueck University, Osnabrueck, 49076, Germany
| | - Sabine Zachgo
- Division of Botany, Osnabrueck University, Osnabrueck, 49076, Germany
| | - Mi Chung Suh
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Korea
| | - Ljerka Kunst
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Ivo Feussner
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, 37077, Germany
- Service Unit for Metabolomics and Lipidomics, Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, Goettingen, 37077, Germany
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, Goettingen, 37077, Germany
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2
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Kakui H, Ujino-Ihara T, Hasegawa Y, Tsurisaki E, Futamura N, Iwai J, Higuchi Y, Fujino T, Suzuki Y, Kasahara M, Yamaguchi K, Shigenobu S, Otani M, Nakano M, Nameta M, Shibata S, Ueno S, Moriguchi Y. A single-nucleotide substitution of CjTKPR1 determines pollen production in the gymnosperm plant Cryptomeria japonica. PNAS NEXUS 2023; 2:pgad236. [PMID: 37559748 PMCID: PMC10408704 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Pollinosis, also known as pollen allergy or hay fever, is a global problem caused by pollen produced by various plant species. The wind-pollinated Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) is the largest contributor to severe pollinosis in Japan, where increasing proportions of people have been affected in recent decades. The MALE STERILITY 4 (MS4) locus of Japanese cedar controls pollen production, and its homozygous mutants (ms4/ms4) show abnormal pollen development after the tetrad stage and produce no mature pollen. In this study, we narrowed down the MS4 locus by fine mapping in Japanese cedar and found TETRAKETIDE α-PYRONE REDUCTASE 1 (TKPR1) gene in this region. Transformation experiments using Arabidopsis thaliana showed that single-nucleotide substitution ("T" to "C" at 244-nt position) of CjTKPR1 determines pollen production. Broad conservation of TKPR1 beyond plant division could lead to the creation of pollen-free plants not only for Japanese cedar but also for broader plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kakui
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
- Institute for Sustainable Agro-ecosystem Services, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 188-0002, Japan
| | - Tokuko Ujino-Ihara
- Department of Forest Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan
| | - Yoichi Hasegawa
- Department of Forest Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan
| | - Eriko Tsurisaki
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Norihiro Futamura
- Department of Forest Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan
| | - Junji Iwai
- Forest and Forestry Technology Division, Niigata Prefectural Forest Research Institute, Niigata 958-0264, Japan
| | - Yuumi Higuchi
- Forest and Forestry Technology Division, Niigata Prefectural Forest Research Institute, Niigata 958-0264, Japan
| | - Takeshi Fujino
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kasahara
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Katsushi Yamaguchi
- Trans-Scale Biology Center, National Institute for Basic Biology, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Shuji Shigenobu
- Trans-Scale Biology Center, National Institute for Basic Biology, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Masahiro Otani
- Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Masaru Nakano
- Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Masaaki Nameta
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8122, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Shibata
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8122, Japan
| | - Saneyoshi Ueno
- Department of Forest Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan
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3
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Zou J, Dong S, Fang B, Zhao Y, Song G, Xin Y, Huang S, Feng H. BrACOS5 mutations induced male sterility via impeding pollen exine formation in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:6. [PMID: 36656366 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04291-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BrACOS5 mutations led to male sterility of Chinese cabbage verified in three allelic male-sterile mutants. Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) is one of the major vegetable crops in East Asia, and the utilization of male-sterile line is an important measure for its hybrid seed production. Herein, we isolated three allelic male-sterile mutants, msm1-1, msm1-2 and msm1-3, from an ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) mutagenized population of Chinese cabbage double-haploid (DH) line 'FT', whose microspores were completely aborted with severely absent exine, and tapetums were abnormally developed. Genetic analyses indicated that the three male-sterile mutants belonged to allelic mutation and were triggered by the same recessive nuclear gene. MutMap-based gene mapping and kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) analysis demonstrated that three different single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of BraA09g012710.3C were responsible for the male sterility of msm1-1/2/3, respectively. BraA09g012710.3C is orthologous of Arabidopsis thaliana ACOS5 (AT1G62940), encoding an acyl-CoA synthetase in sporopollenin biosynthesis, and specifically expressed in anther, so we named BraA09g012710.3C as BrACOS5. BrACOS5 localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Mutations of BrACOS5 resulted in decreased enzyme activities and altered fatty acid contents in msm1 anthers. As well as the transcript accumulations of putative orthologs involved in sporopollenin biosynthesis were significantly down-regulated excluding BrPKSA. These results provide strong evidence for the integral role of BrACOS5 in conserved sporopollenin biosynthesis pathway and also contribute to uncovering exine development pattern and underlying male sterility mechanism in Chinese cabbage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zou
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding for Cruciferous Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyao Dong
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding for Cruciferous Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Fang
- Department of Foreign Language Teaching, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding for Cruciferous Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Gengxing Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding for Cruciferous Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Xin
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding for Cruciferous Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengnan Huang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding for Cruciferous Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Feng
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding for Cruciferous Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110866, People's Republic of China.
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4
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The Plant Fatty Acyl Reductases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416156. [PMID: 36555796 PMCID: PMC9783961 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acyl reductase (FAR) is a crucial enzyme that catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of fatty acyl-CoA or acyl-ACP substrates to primary fatty alcohols, which in turn acts as intermediate metabolites or metabolic end products to participate in the formation of plant extracellular lipid protective barriers (e.g., cuticular wax, sporopollenin, suberin, and taproot wax). FARs are widely present across plant evolution processes and play conserved roles during lipid synthesis. In this review, we provide a comprehensive view of FAR family enzymes, including phylogenetic analysis, conserved structural domains, substrate specificity, subcellular localization, tissue-specific expression patterns, their varied functions in lipid biosynthesis, and the regulation mechanism of FAR activity. Finally, we pose several questions to be addressed, such as the roles of FARs in tryphine, the interactions between transcription factors (TFs) and FARs in various environments, and the identification of post-transcriptional, translational, and post-translational regulators.
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5
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Lopez‐Obando M, Landberg K, Sundberg E, Thelander M. Dependence on clade II bHLH transcription factors for nursing of haploid products by tapetal-like cells is conserved between moss sporangia and angiosperm anthers. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 235:718-731. [PMID: 35037245 PMCID: PMC9306660 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Clade II basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors (bHLH TFs) are essential for pollen production and tapetal nursing functions in angiosperm anthers. As pollen has been suggested to be related to bryophyte spores by descent, we characterized two Physcomitrium (Physcomitrella) patens clade II bHLH TFs (PpbHLH092 and PpbHLH098), to test if regulation of sporogenous cells and the nursing cells surrounding them is conserved between angiosperm anthers and bryophyte sporangia. We made CRISPR-Cas9 reporter and loss-of-function lines to address the function of PpbHLH092/098. We sectioned and analyzed WT and mutant sporophytes for a comprehensive stage-by-stage comparison of sporangium development. Spore precursors in the P. patens sporangium are surrounded by nursing cells showing striking similarities to tapetal cells in angiosperms. Moss clade II bHLH TFs are essential for the differentiation of these tapetal-like cells and for the production of functional spores. Clade II bHLH TFs provide a conserved role in controlling the sporophytic somatic cells surrounding and nursing the sporogenous cells in both moss sporangia and angiosperm anthers. This supports the hypothesis that such nursing functions in mosses and angiosperms, lineages separated by c. 450 million years, are related by descent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Lopez‐Obando
- Department of Plant BiologyThe Linnean Centre of Plant Biology in UppsalaSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesPO Box 7080UppsalaSE‐75007Sweden
- VEDAS Corporación de Investigación e Innovación (VEDASCII)Cl 8 B 65‐261 050024MedellínColombia
| | - Katarina Landberg
- Department of Plant BiologyThe Linnean Centre of Plant Biology in UppsalaSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesPO Box 7080UppsalaSE‐75007Sweden
| | - Eva Sundberg
- Department of Plant BiologyThe Linnean Centre of Plant Biology in UppsalaSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesPO Box 7080UppsalaSE‐75007Sweden
| | - Mattias Thelander
- Department of Plant BiologyThe Linnean Centre of Plant Biology in UppsalaSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesPO Box 7080UppsalaSE‐75007Sweden
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6
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Grienenberger E, Quilichini TD. The Toughest Material in the Plant Kingdom: An Update on Sporopollenin. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:703864. [PMID: 34539697 PMCID: PMC8446667 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.703864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The extreme chemical and physical recalcitrance of sporopollenin deems this biopolymer among the most resilient organic materials on Earth. As the primary material fortifying spore and pollen cell walls, sporopollenin is touted as a critical innovation in the progression of plant life to a terrestrial setting. Although crucial for its protective role in plant reproduction, the inert nature of sporopollenin has challenged efforts to determine its composition for decades. Revised structural, chemical, and genetic experimentation efforts have produced dramatic advances in elucidating the molecular structure of this biopolymer and the mechanisms of its synthesis. Bypassing many of the challenges with material fragmentation and solubilization, insights from functional characterizations of sporopollenin biogenesis in planta, and in vitro, through a gene-targeted approach suggest a backbone of polyhydroxylated polyketide-based subunits and remarkable conservation of biochemical pathways for sporopollenin biosynthesis across the plant kingdom. Recent optimization of solid-state NMR and targeted degradation methods for sporopollenin analysis confirms polyhydroxylated α-pyrone subunits, as well as hydroxylated aliphatic units, and unique cross-linkage heterogeneity. We examine the cross-disciplinary efforts to solve the sporopollenin composition puzzle and illustrate a working model of sporopollenin's molecular structure and biosynthesis. Emerging controversies and remaining knowledge gaps are discussed, including the degree of aromaticity, cross-linkage profiles, and extent of chemical conservation of sporopollenin among land plants. The recent developments in sporopollenin research present diverse opportunities for harnessing the extraordinary properties of this abundant and stable biomaterial for sustainable microcapsule applications and synthetic material designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Grienenberger
- Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Teagen D. Quilichini
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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7
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Xu B, Taylor L, Pucker B, Feng T, Glover BJ, Brockington SF. The land plant-specific MIXTA-MYB lineage is implicated in the early evolution of the plant cuticle and the colonization of land. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 229:2324-2338. [PMID: 33051877 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of a lipid-based cuticle on aerial plant surfaces that protects against dehydration is considered a fundamental innovation in the colonization of the land by the green plants. However, key evolutionary steps in the early regulation of cuticle synthesis are still poorly understood, owing to limited studies in early-diverging land plant lineages. Here, we characterize a land plant specific subgroup 9 R2R3 MYB transcription factor MpSBG9, in the early-diverging land plant model Marchantia polymorpha, that is homologous to MIXTA proteins in vascular plants. The MpSBG9 functions as a key regulator of cuticle biosynthesis by preferentially regulating expression of orthologous genes for cutin formation, but not wax biosynthesis genes. The MpSBG9 also promotes the formation of papillate cells on the adaxial surface of M. polymorpha, which is consisitent with its canonical role in vascular plants. Our observations imply conserved MYB transcriptional regulation in the control of the cutin biosynthesis pathway as a core genetic network in the common ancestor of all land plants, implicating the land plant-specific MIXTA MYB lineage in the early origin and evolution of the cuticle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK
| | - Lin Taylor
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK
| | - Boas Pucker
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK
- Genetics and Genomics of Plants, Center for Biotechnology & Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany
- Molecular Genetics and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße, Bochum, 44801, Germany
| | - Tao Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430047, China
| | - Beverley J Glover
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK
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8
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Zheng X, He L, Liu Y, Mao Y, Wang C, Zhao B, Li Y, He H, Guo S, Zhang L, Schneider H, Tadege M, Chang F, Chen J. A study of male fertility control in Medicago truncatula uncovers an evolutionarily conserved recruitment of two tapetal bHLH subfamilies in plant sexual reproduction. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 228:1115-1133. [PMID: 32594537 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Male sterility is an important tool for plant breeding and hybrid seed production. Male-sterile mutants are largely due to an abnormal development of either the sporophytic or gametophytic anther tissues. Tapetum, a key sporophytic tissue, provides nutrients for pollen development, and its delayed degeneration induces pollen abortion. Numerous bHLH proteins have been documented to participate in the degeneration of the tapetum in angiosperms, but relatively little attention has been given to the evolution of the involved developmental pathways across the phylogeny of land plants. A combination of cellular, molecular, biochemical and evolutionary analyses was used to investigate the male fertility control in Medicago truncatula. We characterized the male-sterile mutant empty anther1 (ean1) and identified EAN1 as a tapetum-specific bHLH transcription factor necessary for tapetum degeneration. Our study uncovered an evolutionarily conserved recruitment of bHLH subfamily II and III(a + c)1 in the regulation of tapetum degeneration. EAN1 belongs to the subfamily II and specifically forms heterodimers with the subfamily III(a + c)1 members, which suggests a heterodimerization mechanism conserved in angiosperms. Our work suggested that the pathway of two tapetal-bHLH subfamilies is conserved in all land plants, and likely was established before the divergence of the spore-producing land plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Liangliang He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ye Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yawen Mao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chaoqun Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Baolin Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
| | - Youhan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
| | - Hua He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
| | - Shiqi Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Liangsheng Zhang
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Harald Schneider
- Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan, 666303, China
| | - Million Tadege
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Institute for Agricultural Biosciences, Oklahoma State University, 3210 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
| | - Fang Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological Engineering and Institute of Biodiversity Sciences, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jianghua Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
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9
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Rabbi F, Renzaglia KS, Ashton NW, Suh DY. Reactive oxygen species are required for spore wall formation in Physcomitrella patens. BOTANY 2020; 98:575-587. [PMID: 34149972 PMCID: PMC8211148 DOI: 10.1139/cjb-2020-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A robust spore wall was a key requirement of terrestrialization by early plants. Sporopollenin in spore and pollen grain walls is thought to be polymerized and cross-linked to other macromolecular components partly through oxidative processes involving H2O2. Therefore, we investigated effects of scavengers of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on formation of spore walls in the moss, Physcomitrella patens. Exposure of sporophytes, containing spores in the process of forming walls, to ascorbate, dimethylthiourea or 4-hydroxy-TEMPO prevented normal wall development in a dose, chemical and stage-dependent manner. Mature spores, exposed while developing to a ROS scavenger, burst when mounted in water on a flat slide under a coverslip (a phenomenon we named "augmented osmolysis" since they did not burst in phosphate-buffered saline or in water on a depression slide). Additionally, walls of exposed spores were more susceptible to alkaline hydrolysis than those of control spores and some were characterized by discontinuities in the exine, anomalies in perine spine structure, abnormal intine and aperture and occasionally wall shedding. Our data support involvement of oxidative cross-linking in spore wall development, including sporopollenin polymerization or deposition, as well as a role for ROS in intine/aperture development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazle Rabbi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Karen S Renzaglia
- Department of Plant Biology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Neil W Ashton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Dae-Yeon Suh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
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10
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Caine RS, Chater CCC, Fleming AJ, Gray JE. Stomata and Sporophytes of the Model Moss Physcomitrium patens. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:643. [PMID: 32523599 PMCID: PMC7261847 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Mosses are an ancient land plant lineage and are therefore important in studying the evolution of plant developmental processes. Here, we describe stomatal development in the model moss species Physcomitrium patens (previously known as Physcomitrella patens) over the duration of sporophyte development. We dissect the molecular mechanisms guiding cell division and fate and highlight how stomatal function might vary under different environmental conditions. In contrast to the asymmetric entry divisions described in Arabidopsis thaliana, moss protodermal cells can enter the stomatal lineage directly by expanding into an oval shaped guard mother cell (GMC). We observed that when two early stage P. patens GMCs form adjacently, a spacing division can occur, leading to separation of the GMCs by an intervening epidermal spacer cell. We investigated whether orthologs of Arabidopsis stomatal development regulators are required for this spacing division. Our results indicated that bHLH transcription factors PpSMF1 and PpSCRM1 are required for GMC formation. Moreover, the ligand and receptor components PpEPF1 and PpTMM are also required for orientating cell divisions and preventing single or clustered early GMCs from developing adjacent to one another. The identification of GMC spacing divisions in P. patens raises the possibility that the ability to space stomatal lineage cells could have evolved before mosses diverged from the ancestral lineage. This would have enabled plants to integrate stomatal development with sporophyte growth and could underpin the adoption of multiple bHLH transcription factors and EPF ligands to more precisely control stomatal patterning in later diverging plant lineages. We also observed that when P. patens sporophyte capsules mature in wet conditions, stomata are typically plugged whereas under drier conditions this is not the case; instead, mucilage drying leads to hollow sub-stomatal cavities. This appears to aid capsule drying and provides further evidence for early land plant stomata contributing to capsule rupture and spore release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S. Caine
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Caspar C. C. Chater
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J. Fleming
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Julie E. Gray
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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Yang Z, Sun L, Zhang P, Zhang Y, Yu P, Liu L, Abbas A, Xiang X, Wu W, Zhan X, Cao L, Cheng S. TDR INTERACTING PROTEIN 3, encoding a PHD-finger transcription factor, regulates Ubisch bodies and pollen wall formation in rice. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 99:844-861. [PMID: 31021015 PMCID: PMC6852570 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Male reproductive development involves a complex series of biological events and precise transcriptional regulation is essential for this biological process in flowering plants. Several transcriptional factors have been reported to regulate tapetum and pollen development, however the transcriptional mechanism underlying Ubisch bodies and pollen wall formation remains less understood. Here, we characterized and isolated a male sterility mutant of TDR INTERACTING PROTEIN 3 (TIP3) in rice. The tip3 mutant displayed smaller and pale yellow anthers without mature pollen grains, abnormal Ubisch body morphology, no pollen wall formation, as well as delayed tapetum degeneration. Map-based cloning demonstrated that TIP3 encodes a conserved PHD-finger protein and further study confirmed that TIP3 functioned as a transcription factor with transcriptional activation activity. TIP3 is preferentially expressed in the tapetum and microspores during anther development. Moreover, TIP3 can physically interact with TDR, which is a key component of the transcriptional cascade in regulating tapetum development and pollen wall formation. Furthermore, disruption of TIP3 changed the expression of several genes involved in tapetum development and degradation, biosynthesis and transport of lipid monomers of sporopollenin in tip3 mutant. Taken together, our results revealed an unprecedented role for TIP3 in regulating Ubisch bodies and pollen exine formation, and presents a potential tool to manipulate male fertility for hybrid rice breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfu Yang
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China
| | - Lianping Sun
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China
| | - Yingxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Ping Yu
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Ling Liu
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Adil Abbas
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Xiaojiao Xiang
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China
| | - Weixun Wu
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Xiaodeng Zhan
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Liyong Cao
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Shihua Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
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12
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Li YL, Zhang YF, Li DD, Shi QS, Lou Y, Yang ZN, Zhu J. Acyl-CoA synthetases from Physcomitrella, rice and Arabidopsis: different substrate preferences but common regulation by MS188 in sporopollenin synthesis. PLANTA 2019; 250:535-548. [PMID: 31111205 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03189-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
ACOS5, OsACOS12 and PpACOS6 are all capable of fatty acyl-CoA synthetase activity but exhibit different substrate preferences. The transcriptional regulation of ACOS for sporopollenin synthesis appears to have been conserved in Physcomitrella, rice and Arabidopsis during evolution. Sporopollenin is the major constituent of spore and pollen exines. In Arabidopsis, acyl-CoA synthetase 5 (ACOS5) is an essential enzyme for sporopollenin synthesis, and its orthologues are PpACOS6 from the moss Physcomitrella and OsACOS12 from monocot rice. However, knowledge regarding the evolutionary conservation and divergence of the ACOS gene in sporopollenin synthesis remains limited. In this study, we analysed the function and regulation of PpACOS6 and OsACOS12. A complementation test showed that OsACOS12 driven by the ACOS5 promoter could partially restore the male fertility of the acos5 mutant in Arabidopsis, while PpACOS6 did not rescue the acos5 phenotype. ACOS5, PpACOS6 and OsACOS12 all complemented the acyl-CoA synthetase-deficient yeast strain (YB525) phenotype, although they exhibited different substrate preferences. To understand the conservation of sporopollenin synthesis regulation, we constructed two constructs with ACOS5 driven by the OsACOS12 or PpACOS6 promoter. Both constructs could restore the fertility of acos5 plants. The MYB transcription factor MS188 from Arabidopsis directly regulates ACOS5. We found that MS188 could also bind the promoters of OsACOS12 and PpACOS6 and activate the genes driven by the promoters, suggesting that the transcriptional regulation of these genes was similar to that of ACOS5. These results show that the ACOS gene promoter region from Physcomitrella, rice and Arabidopsis has been functionally conserved during evolution, while the chain lengths of fatty acid-derived monomers of sporopollenin vary in different plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Ling Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China
- Institute of Ecology, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Yan-Fei Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecule Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Dan-Dan Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecule Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Qiang-Sheng Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecule Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Yue Lou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecule Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Zhong-Nan Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecule Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecule Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China.
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13
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Seddon AWR, Festi D, Robson TM, Zimmermann B. Fossil pollen and spores as a tool for reconstructing ancient solar-ultraviolet irradiance received by plants: an assessment of prospects and challenges using proxy-system modelling. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:275-294. [PMID: 30649121 DOI: 10.1039/c8pp00490k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B, 280-315 nm) constitutes less than 1% of the total solar radiation that reaches the Earth's surface but has a disproportional impact on biological and ecological processes from the individual to the ecosystem level. Absorption of UV-B by ozone is also one of the primary heat sources to the stratosphere, so variations in UV-B have important relationships to the Earth's radiation budget. Yet despite its importance for understanding atmospheric and ecological processes, there is limited understanding about the changes in UV-B radiation in the geological past. This is because systematic measurements of total ozone and surface UV-B only exist since the 1970s, so biological or geochemical proxies from sediment archives are needed to reconstruct UV-B irradiance received at the Earth surface beyond the experimental record. Recent developments have shown that the quantification of UV-B-absorbing compounds in pollen and spores have the potential to provide a continuous record of the solar-ultraviolet radiation received by plants. There is increasing interest in developing this proxy in palaeoclimatic and palaeoecological research. However, differences in interpretation exist between palaeoecologists, who are beginning to apply the proxy under various geological settings, and UV-B ecologists, who question whether a causal dose-response relationship of pollen and spore chemistry to UV-B irradiance has really been established. Here, we use a proxy-system modelling approach to systematically assess components of the pollen- and spore-based UV-B-irradiance proxy to ask how these differences can be resolved. We identify key unknowns and uncertainties in making inferences about past UV-B irradiance, from the pollen sensor, the sedimentary archive, and through the laboratory and experimental procedures in order to target priority areas of future work. We argue that an interdisciplinary approach, modifying methods used by plant ecologists studying contemporary responses to solar-UV-B radiation specifically to suit the needs of palaeoecological analyses, provides a way forward in developing the most reliable reconstructions for the UV-B irradiance received by plants across a range of timescales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alistair W R Seddon
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Norway. .,Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, University of Bergen, Norway.
| | - Daniela Festi
- Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Austria.,Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Italy
| | - T Matthew Robson
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology (OEB), Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Boris Zimmermann
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norway
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Shi QS, Wang KQ, Li YL, Zhou L, Xiong SX, Han Y, Zhang YF, Yang NY, Yang ZN, Zhu J. OsPKS1 is required for sexine layer formation, which shows functional conservation between rice and Arabidopsis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 277:145-154. [PMID: 30466580 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The sporopollenin precursors, as a general constituent of sexine, are synthesized in the tapetum and deposited on the pollen surface after transportation and processing. The polyketide synthase condenses the acyl-CoA into a hydroxyalkyl α-pyrone, which is predicted to be a component of the sporopollenin precursors. In this study, we found that the rice POLYKETIDE SYNTHASE 1 (OsPKS1) was the orthologue of Arabidopsis POLYKETIDE SYNTHASE A/LESS ADHESIVE POLLEN 6 (PKSA/LAP6) through sequence alignment. The OsPKS1 knockout mutants obtained by Crispr-Cas9-mediated editing exhibited a complete male sterile phenotype. Cytological observations revealed that abnormal bacula deposition and ubisch body structures for sexine formation led to pollen rupture in ospks1. The expression analysis showed that the OsPKS1 was highly expressed in tapetal cells and anther locules from stage 9 to stage 11 during anther development in rice. Subcellular localization demonstrated that the OsPKS1 protein was preferentially localized to the ER. The genomic sequence of OsPKS1 driven by the PKSA/LAP6 promoter restored the sexine pattern of Arabidopsis pksa/lap6. These results indicated that OsPKS1 is required for sexine layer formation in rice and functionally conserved in the sporopollenin synthesis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang-Sheng Shi
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Kai-Qi Wang
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Yue-Ling Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Shuang-Xi Xiong
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Yu Han
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Yan-Fei Zhang
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Nai-Ying Yang
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Zhong-Nan Yang
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234, China.
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Han F, Zhang X, Yang L, Zhuang M, Zhang Y, Li Z, Fang Z, Lv H. iTRAQ-Based Proteomic Analysis of Ogura-CMS Cabbage and Its Maintainer Line. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3180. [PMID: 30326665 PMCID: PMC6214076 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ogura cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) contributes considerably to hybrid seed production in Brassica crops. To detect the key protein species and pathways involved in Ogura-CMS, we analysed the proteome of the cabbage Ogura-CMS line CMS01-20 and its corresponding maintainer line F01-20 using the isobaric tags for the relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) approach. In total, 162 differential abundance protein species (DAPs) were identified between the two lines, of which 92 were down-accumulated and 70 were up-accumulated in CMS01-20. For energy metabolism in the mitochondrion, eight DAPs involved in oxidative phosphorylation were down-accumulated in CMS01-20, whereas in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, five DAPs were up-accumulated, which may compensate for the decreased respiration capacity and may be associated with the elevated O2 consumption rate in Ogura-CMS plants. Other key protein species and pathways involved in pollen wall assembly and programmed cell death (PCD) were also identified as being male-sterility related. Transcriptome profiling revealed 3247 differentially expressed genes between the CMS line and the fertile line. In a conjoint analysis of the proteome and transcriptome data, 30 and 9 protein species/genes showed the same and opposite accumulation patterns, respectively. Nine noteworthy genes involved in sporopollenin synthesis, callose wall degeneration, and oxidative phosphorylation were presumably associated with the processes leading to male sterility, and their expression levels were validated by qRT-PCR analysis. This study will improve our understanding of the protein species involved in pollen development and the molecular mechanisms underlying Ogura-CMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqing Han
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biologyand Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Tianjin Kernel Vegetable Research Institute, The National Key Laboratory of Vegetable GermplasmInnovation, The Enterprise key Laboratory of Tianjin Vegetable Genetics and Breeding, Jinjing Road,Xiqing District, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Limei Yang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biologyand Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Mu Zhuang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biologyand Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Yangyong Zhang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biologyand Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Zhansheng Li
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biologyand Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Zhiyuan Fang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biologyand Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Honghao Lv
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biologyand Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
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Zou T, Liu M, Xiao Q, Wang T, Chen D, Luo T, Yuan G, Li Q, Zhu J, Liang Y, Deng Q, Wang S, Zheng A, Wang L, Li P, Li S. OsPKS2 is required for rice male fertility by participating in pollen wall formation. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2018; 37:759-773. [PMID: 29411094 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-018-2265-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
OsPKS2, the rice orthologous gene of Arabidopsis PKSB/LAP5, encodes a polyketide synthase that is involved in pollen wall formation in rice. In flowering plants, the pollen wall protects male gametes from various environmental stresses and pathogen attacks, as well as promotes pollen germination. The biosynthesis of sporopollenin in tapetal cell is critical for pollen wall formation. Recently, progress has been made in understanding sporopollenin metabolism during pollen wall development in Arabidopsis. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism that underlies the sporopollenin synthesis in pollen wall formation in rice (Oryza sativa). In this study, we identified that a point mutation in OsPKS2, a plant-specific type III polyketide synthase gene, caused male sterility in rice by affecting the normal progress of pollen wall formation. Two other allelic mutants of OsPKS2 were generated using the CRISPR/Cas9 system and are also completely male sterile. This result thus further confirmed that OsPKS2 controls rice male fertility. We also showed that OsPKS2 is an orthologous gene of Arabidopsis PKSB/LAP5 and has a tapetum-specific expression pattern. In addition, its product localizes in the endoplasmic reticulum. Results suggested that OsPKS2 is critical for pollen wall formation, and plays a conserved but differentiated role in sporopollenin biosynthesis from Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Economic Plant Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Special Plant Industry in Chongqing, Institute of Special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan, 402160, China
| | - Mingxing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Guoqiang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Economic Plant Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Special Plant Industry in Chongqing, Institute of Special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan, 402160, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Yueyang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiming Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Aiping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Lingxia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China.
| | - Shuangcheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China.
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17
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Zhao L, Liang X, Wu L, Zhang Z, Cao W, Xue X. Use of isoquinoline alkaloids as markers for identification of honey and pollen from Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br. J Food Compost Anal 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2017.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Monforte L, Soriano G, Núñez‐Olivera E, Martínez‐Abaigar J. Cell compartmentation of ultraviolet‐absorbing compounds: An underexplored tool related to bryophyte ecology, phylogeny and evolution. Funct Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Monforte
- Facultad de Ciencia y TecnologíaUniversidad de La Rioja Logroño Spain
| | - Gonzalo Soriano
- Facultad de Ciencia y TecnologíaUniversidad de La Rioja Logroño Spain
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19
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Zou T, Xiao Q, Li W, Luo T, Yuan G, He Z, Liu M, Li Q, Xu P, Zhu J, Liang Y, Deng Q, Wang S, Zheng A, Wang L, Li P, Li S. OsLAP6/OsPKS1, an orthologue of Arabidopsis PKSA/LAP6, is critical for proper pollen exine formation. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 10:53. [PMID: 29282604 PMCID: PMC5745217 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-017-0191-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Male fertility is crucial for rice yield, and the improvement of rice yield requires hybrid production that depends on male sterile lines. Although recent studies have revealed several important genes in male reproductive development, our understanding of the mechanisms of rice pollen development remains unclear. RESULTS We identified a rice mutant oslap6 with complete male sterile phenotype caused by defects in pollen exine formation. By using the MutMap method, we found that a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variation located in the second exon of OsLAP6/OsPKS1 was responsible for the mutant phenotype. OsLAP6/OsPKS1 is an orthologous gene of Arabidopsis PKSA/LAP6, which functions in sporopollenin metabolism. Several other loss-of-function mutants of OsLAP6/OsPKS1 generated by the CRISPR/Cas9 genomic editing tool also exhibited the same phenotype of male sterility. Our cellular analysis suggested that OsLAP6/OsPKS1 might regulate pollen exine formation by affecting bacula elongation. Expression examination indicated that OsLAP6/OsPKS1 is specifically expressed in tapetum, and its product is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Protein sequence analysis indicated that OsLAP6/OsPKS1 is conserved in land plants. CONCLUSIONS OsLAP6/OsPKS1 is a critical molecular switch for rice male fertility by participating in a conserved sporopollenin precursor biosynthetic pathway in land plants. Manipulation of OsLAP6/OsPKS1 has potential for application in hybrid rice breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Economic Plant Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Special Plant Industry in Chongqing, Institute of Special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan, 402160, China
| | - Qiao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Tao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Guoqiang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhiyuan He
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Mingxing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Qiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Economic Plant Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Special Plant Industry in Chongqing, Institute of Special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan, 402160, China
| | - Peizhou Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Yueyang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Qiming Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shiquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Aiping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lingxia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China.
| | - Shuangcheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China.
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20
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Tian Y, Xiao S, Liu J, Somaratne Y, Zhang H, Wang M, Zhang H, Zhao L, Chen H. MALE STERILE6021 (MS6021) is required for the development of anther cuticle and pollen exine in maize. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16736. [PMID: 29196635 PMCID: PMC5711870 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16930-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The anther cuticle and pollen wall function as physical barriers that protect genetic material from various environmental stresses. The anther cuticle is composed of wax and cutin, the pollen wall includes exine and intine, and the components of the outer exine are collectively called sporopollenin. Other than cuticle wax, cutin and sporopollenin are biopolymers compounds. The precise constituents and developmental mechanism of these biopolymeric are poorly understood. Here, we reported a complete male sterile mutant, male sterile6021, in maize. The mutant displayed a smooth anther surface and irregular pollen wall formation before anthesis, and its tapetum was degraded immaturely. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed a severe reduction of lipid derivatives in the mutant anther. We cloned the gene by map based cloning. It encoded a fatty acyl carrier protein reductase that was localized in plastids. Expression analysis indicated that MS6021 was mainly expressed in the tapetum and microspore after the microspore was released from the tetrad. Functional complementation of the orthologous Arabidopsis mutant demonstrated that MS6021 is conserved between monocots and dicots and potentially even in flowering plants. MS6021 plays a conserved, essential role in the successful development of anther cuticle and pollen exine in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youhui Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Senlin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Juan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yamuna Somaratne
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Mingming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Huairen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Huabang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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21
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Mukhtar MS, Liu X, Somssich IE. Elucidating the role of WRKY27 in male sterility in Arabidopsis. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2017; 12:e1363945. [PMID: 28816593 PMCID: PMC5640203 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2017.1363945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The WRKY proteins belong to a superfamily of TFs that play pivotal roles in responses to a wide range of biotic, abiotic, developmental and physiologic cues. Here, we assayed the accumulation of basal WRKY27 transcripts in diverse tissue including root, shoot, leaf and flowers. We demonstrated that plants over-expressing WRKY27 transcript levels exhibit growth aberrations and fertility defects. Scanning electron microscopic data suggest that WRKY27 overexpressor plants exhibit pollen dehiscence defects. Our fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis assay showed that flowers of plants overexpressing WRKY27 display significantly decreased pollen viability. These sterility-related phenotypes were not rescued by the exogenous applications of different phytohormones. Our results indicate the involvement of WRKY27 in particular for proper plant biomass accumulation and male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Shahid Mukhtar
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
- M. Shahid Mukhtar Department of Biology, Campbell Hall 369, 1300 University Blvd. University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-1170, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Imre E. Somssich
- Department of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-von-Linné Weg 10, Koeln, Germany
- CONTACT Imre E. Somssich Department Plant Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-von-Linné Weg 10, 50829 Koeln, Germany
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22
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Zhu X, Yu J, Shi J, Tohge T, Fernie AR, Meir S, Aharoni A, Xu D, Zhang D, Liang W. The polyketide synthase OsPKS2 is essential for pollen exine and Ubisch body patterning in rice. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 59:612-628. [PMID: 28783252 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Lipid and phenolic metabolism are important for pollen exine formation. In Arabidopsis, polyketide synthases (PKSs) are essential for both sporopollenin biosynthesis and exine formation. Here, we characterized the role of a polyketide synthase (OsPKS2) in male reproduction of rice (Oryza sativa). Recombinant OsPKS2 catalyzed the condensation of fatty acyl-CoA with malonyl-CoA to generate triketide and tetraketide α-pyrones, the main components of pollen exine. Indeed, the ospks2 mutant had defective exine patterning and was male sterile. However, the mutant showed no significant reduction in sporopollenin accumulation. Compared with the WT (wild type), ospks2 displayed unconfined and amorphous tectum and nexine layers in the exine, and less organized Ubisch bodies. Like the pksb/lap5 mutant of the Arabidopsis ortholog, ospks2 showed broad alterations in the profiles of anther-related phenolic compounds. However, unlike pksb/lap5, in which most detected phenolics were substantially decreased, ospks2 accumulated higher levels of phenolics. Based on these results and our observation that OsPKS2 is unable to fully restore the exine defects in the pksb/lap5, we propose that PKS proteins have functionally diversified during evolution. Collectively, our results suggest that PKSs represent a conserved and diversified biochemical pathway for anther and pollen development in higher plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Zhu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jianxin Shi
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Takayuki Tohge
- Central Metabolism Group, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Central Metabolism Group, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Sagit Meir
- Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, PO Box 26, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Asaph Aharoni
- Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, PO Box 26, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Dawei Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Dabing Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Wanqi Liang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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23
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Yang X, Liang W, Chen M, Zhang D, Zhao X, Shi J. Rice fatty acyl-CoA synthetase OsACOS12 is required for tapetum programmed cell death and male fertility. PLANTA 2017; 246:105-122. [PMID: 28382520 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-017-2691-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Loss of function mutation of rice OsACOS12 impairs lipid metabolism-mediated anther cuticle and pollen wall formation, and interferes with tapetum programmed cell death, leading to male sterility. Acyl-CoA Synthetase (ACOS) is one of the enzymes activating fatty acids for various metabolic functions in plants. Here, we show that OsACOS12, an orthologue of Arabidopsis ACOS5 in rice, is crucial for rice fertility. Similar to acos5, osaocs12 mutant had no mature pollen. But unlike acos5, osaocs12 produced defective anthers lacking cutin and Ubisch bodies on the epidermal and inner surfaces, respectively, and delayed programmed cell death (PCD)-induced tapetum degradation. Those phenotypic changes were evident at stage 10, during which OsACOS12 had its maximum expression in tapetal cells and microspores. Chemical analysis revealed that the levels of anther cuticular lipid components (wax and cutin monomers) were significantly reduced in osaocs12, while the expression levels of three known lipid biosynthetic genes were unchanged. Recombinant OsACOS12 enzyme was shown to catalyze the conversion of C18:1 fatty acid to C18:1 CoA in vitro. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that OsACOS12 is an ancient and conserved enzyme associated with the plant's colonization to earth. Collectively, our study suggests that OsACOS12 is an ancient enzyme participating in a conserved metabolic pathway for diversified biochemical functions to secure male reproduction in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xijia Yang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wanqi Liang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Minjiao Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Dabing Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Plant Genomics Center, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
- Key Laboratory of Crop Marker-Assisted Breeding of Huaian Municipality, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental Protection, Huaian, 223300, China
| | - Xiangxiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Marker-Assisted Breeding of Huaian Municipality, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental Protection, Huaian, 223300, China
| | - Jianxin Shi
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
- Key Laboratory of Crop Marker-Assisted Breeding of Huaian Municipality, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental Protection, Huaian, 223300, China.
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24
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Liu Z, Lin S, Shi J, Yu J, Zhu L, Yang X, Zhang D, Liang W. Rice No Pollen 1 (NP1) is required for anther cuticle formation and pollen exine patterning. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 91:263-277. [PMID: 28378445 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Angiosperm male reproductive organs (anthers and pollen grains) have complex and interesting morphological features, but mechanisms that underlie their patterning are poorly understood. Here we report the isolation and characterization of a male sterile mutant of No Pollen 1 (NP1) in rice (Oryza sativa). The np1-4 mutant exhibited smaller anthers with a smooth cuticle surface, abnormal Ubisch bodies, and aborted pollen grains covered with irregular exine. Wild-type exine has two continuous layers; but np1-4 exine showed a discontinuous structure with large granules of varying size. Chemical analysis revealed reduction in most of the cutin monomers in np1-4 anthers, and less cuticular wax. Map-based cloning suggested that NP1 encodes a putative glucose-methanol-choline oxidoreductase; and expression analyses found NP1 preferentially expressed in the tapetal layer from stage 8 to stage 10 of anther development. Additionally, the expression of several genes involved in biosynthesis and in the transport of lipid monomers of sporopollenin and cutin was decreased in np1-4 mutant anthers. Taken together, these observations suggest that NP1 is required for anther cuticle formation, and for patterning of Ubisch bodies and the exine. We propose that products of NP1 are likely important metabolites in the development of Ubisch bodies and pollen exine, necessary for polymerization, assembly, or both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Sen Lin
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jianxin Shi
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lu Zhu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiujuan Yang
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Dabing Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Wanqi Liang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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25
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Jill Harrison C. Development and genetics in the evolution of land plant body plans. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2017; 372:20150490. [PMID: 27994131 PMCID: PMC5182422 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2015.0490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The colonization of land by plants shaped the terrestrial biosphere, the geosphere and global climates. The nature of morphological and molecular innovation driving land plant evolution has been an enigma for over 200 years. Recent phylogenetic and palaeobotanical advances jointly demonstrate that land plants evolved from freshwater algae and pinpoint key morphological innovations in plant evolution. In the haploid gametophyte phase of the plant life cycle, these include the innovation of mulitcellular forms with apical growth and multiple growth axes. In the diploid phase of the life cycle, multicellular axial sporophytes were an early innovation priming subsequent diversification of indeterminate branched forms with leaves and roots. Reverse and forward genetic approaches in newly emerging model systems are starting to identify the genetic basis of such innovations. The data place plant evo-devo research at the cusp of discovering the developmental and genetic changes driving the radiation of land plant body plans.This article is part of the themed issue 'Evo-devo in the genomics era, and the origins of morphological diversity'.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Jill Harrison
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
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26
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Men X, Shi J, Liang W, Zhang Q, Lian G, Quan S, Zhu L, Luo Z, Chen M, Zhang D. Glycerol-3-Phosphate Acyltransferase 3 (OsGPAT3) is required for anther development and male fertility in rice. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:513-526. [PMID: 28082511 PMCID: PMC6055571 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Lipid molecules are key structural components of plant male reproductive organs, such as the anther and pollen. Although advances have been made in the understanding of acyl lipids in plant reproduction, the metabolic pathways of other lipid compounds, particularly glycerolipids, are not fully understood. Here we report that an endoplasmic reticulum-localized enzyme, Glycerol-3-Phosphate Acyltransferase 3 (OsGPAT3), plays an indispensable role in anther development and pollen formation in rice. OsGPAT3 is preferentially expressed in the tapetum and microspores of the anther. Compared with wild-type plants, the osgpat3 mutant displays smaller, pale yellow anthers with defective anther cuticle, degenerated pollen with defective exine, and abnormal tapetum development and degeneration. Anthers of the osgpat3 mutant have dramatic reductions of all aliphatic lipid contents. The defective cuticle and pollen phenotype coincide well with the down-regulation of sets of genes involved in lipid metabolism and regulation of anther development. Taking these findings together, this work reveals the indispensable role of a monocot-specific glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase in male reproduction in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Men
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianxin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanqi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianfei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gaibin Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingjiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dabing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, South Australia, Australia
- Correspondence:
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27
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Chater CC, Caine RS, Tomek M, Wallace S, Kamisugi Y, Cuming AC, Lang D, MacAlister CA, Casson S, Bergmann DC, Decker EL, Frank W, Gray JE, Fleming A, Reski R, Beerling DJ. Origin and function of stomata in the moss Physcomitrella patens. NATURE PLANTS 2016; 2:16179. [PMID: 27892923 PMCID: PMC5131878 DOI: 10.1038/nplants.2016.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Stomata are microscopic valves on plant surfaces that originated over 400 million years (Myr) ago and facilitated the greening of Earth's continents by permitting efficient shoot-atmosphere gas exchange and plant hydration1. However, the core genetic machinery regulating stomatal development in non-vascular land plants is poorly understood2-4 and their function has remained a matter of debate for a century5. Here, we show that genes encoding the two basic helix-loop-helix proteins PpSMF1 (SPEECH, MUTE and FAMA-like) and PpSCREAM1 (SCRM1) in the moss Physcomitrella patens are orthologous to transcriptional regulators of stomatal development in the flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana and essential for stomata formation in moss. Targeted P. patens knockout mutants lacking either PpSMF1 or PpSCRM1 develop gametophytes indistinguishable from wild-type plants but mutant sporophytes lack stomata. Protein-protein interaction assays reveal heterodimerization between PpSMF1 and PpSCRM1, which, together with moss-angiosperm gene complementations6, suggests deep functional conservation of the heterodimeric SMF1 and SCRM1 unit is required to activate transcription for moss stomatal development, as in A. thaliana7. Moreover, stomata-less sporophytes of ΔPpSMF1 and ΔPpSCRM1 mutants exhibited delayed dehiscence, implying stomata might have promoted dehiscence in the first complex land-plant sporophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caspar C. Chater
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Robert S. Caine
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Marta Tomek
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestr. 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Simon Wallace
- Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons, Belgravia House, 62-64 Horseferry Rd, London SW1P 2AF, UK
| | - Yasuko Kamisugi
- Centre for Plant Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Andrew C. Cuming
- Centre for Plant Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Daniel Lang
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestr. 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cora A. MacAlister
- Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-1048, USA
| | - Stuart Casson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | | | - Eva L. Decker
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestr. 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Frank
- Plant Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, LMU Biocenter, Großhaderner Straße 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Julie E. Gray
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Andrew Fleming
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Ralf Reski
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestr. 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- BIOSS – Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - David J. Beerling
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
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28
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Li Y, Li D, Guo Z, Shi Q, Xiong S, Zhang C, Zhu J, Yang Z. OsACOS12, an orthologue of Arabidopsis acyl-CoA synthetase5, plays an important role in pollen exine formation and anther development in rice. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2016. [PMID: 27871243 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-016-0943-949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sporopollenin is a major component of the pollen exine pattern. In Arabidopsis, acyl-CoA synthetase5 (ACOS5) is involved in sporopollenin precursor biosynthesis. In this study, we identified its orthologue, OsACOS12, in rice (Oryza sativa) and compared the functional conservation of ACOS in rice to Arabidopsis. RESULTS Sequence analysis showed that OsACOS12 shares 63.9 % amino acid sequence identity with ACOS5. The osacos12 mutation caused by a pre-mature stop codon in LOC_Os04g24530 exhibits defective sexine resulting in a male sterile phenotype in rice. In situ hybridization shows that OsACOS12 is expressed in tapetal cells and microspores at the transcript level. The localization of OsACOS12-GFP demonstrated that OsACOS12 protein is accumulated in tapetal cells and anther locules. OsACOS12 driven by the ACOS5 promoter could partially restore the male fertility of the acos5 mutant in Arabidopsis. CONCLUSIONS OsACOS12 is an orthologue of ACOS5 that is essential for sporopollenin synthesis in rice. ACOS5 and OsACOS12 are conserved for pollen wall formation in monocot and dicot species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueling Li
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Dandan Li
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Zongli Guo
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Qiangsheng Shi
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Shuangxi Xiong
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234, China.
| | - Zhongnan Yang
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234, China.
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29
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Li Y, Li D, Guo Z, Shi Q, Xiong S, Zhang C, Zhu J, Yang Z. OsACOS12, an orthologue of Arabidopsis acyl-CoA synthetase5, plays an important role in pollen exine formation and anther development in rice. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 16:256. [PMID: 27871243 PMCID: PMC5117612 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-016-0943-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sporopollenin is a major component of the pollen exine pattern. In Arabidopsis, acyl-CoA synthetase5 (ACOS5) is involved in sporopollenin precursor biosynthesis. In this study, we identified its orthologue, OsACOS12, in rice (Oryza sativa) and compared the functional conservation of ACOS in rice to Arabidopsis. RESULTS Sequence analysis showed that OsACOS12 shares 63.9 % amino acid sequence identity with ACOS5. The osacos12 mutation caused by a pre-mature stop codon in LOC_Os04g24530 exhibits defective sexine resulting in a male sterile phenotype in rice. In situ hybridization shows that OsACOS12 is expressed in tapetal cells and microspores at the transcript level. The localization of OsACOS12-GFP demonstrated that OsACOS12 protein is accumulated in tapetal cells and anther locules. OsACOS12 driven by the ACOS5 promoter could partially restore the male fertility of the acos5 mutant in Arabidopsis. CONCLUSIONS OsACOS12 is an orthologue of ACOS5 that is essential for sporopollenin synthesis in rice. ACOS5 and OsACOS12 are conserved for pollen wall formation in monocot and dicot species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueling Li
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234 China
| | - Dandan Li
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234 China
| | - Zongli Guo
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234 China
| | - Qiangsheng Shi
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234 China
| | - Shuangxi Xiong
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234 China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234 China
| | - Jun Zhu
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234 China
| | - Zhongnan Yang
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai, 200234 China
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Caine RS, Chater CC, Kamisugi Y, Cuming AC, Beerling DJ, Gray JE, Fleming AJ. An ancestral stomatal patterning module revealed in the non-vascular land plant Physcomitrella patens. Development 2016; 143:3306-14. [PMID: 27407102 PMCID: PMC5047656 DOI: 10.1242/dev.135038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The patterning of stomata plays a vital role in plant development and has emerged as a paradigm for the role of peptide signals in the spatial control of cellular differentiation. Research in Arabidopsis has identified a series of epidermal patterning factors (EPFs), which interact with an array of membrane-localised receptors and associated proteins (encoded by ERECTA and TMM genes) to control stomatal density and distribution. However, although it is well-established that stomata arose very early in the evolution of land plants, until now it has been unclear whether the established angiosperm stomatal patterning system represented by the EPF/TMM/ERECTA module reflects a conserved, universal mechanism in the plant kingdom. Here, we use molecular genetics to show that the moss Physcomitrella patens has conserved homologues of angiosperm EPF, TMM and at least one ERECTA gene that function together to permit the correct patterning of stomata and that, moreover, elements of the module retain function when transferred to Arabidopsis Our data characterise the stomatal patterning system in an evolutionarily distinct branch of plants and support the hypothesis that the EPF/TMM/ERECTA module represents an ancient patterning system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Caine
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Caspar C Chater
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Yasuko Kamisugi
- Centre for Plant Science, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Andrew C Cuming
- Centre for Plant Science, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - David J Beerling
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Julie E Gray
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Andrew J Fleming
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
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Xie Y, Zhang W, Wang Y, Xu L, Zhu X, Muleke EM, Liu L. Comprehensive transcriptome-based characterization of differentially expressed genes involved in microsporogenesis of radish CMS line and its maintainer. Funct Integr Genomics 2016; 16:529-43. [DOI: 10.1007/s10142-016-0504-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Daku RM, Rabbi F, Buttigieg J, Coulson IM, Horne D, Martens G, Ashton NW, Suh DY. PpASCL, the Physcomitrella patens Anther-Specific Chalcone Synthase-Like Enzyme Implicated in Sporopollenin Biosynthesis, Is Needed for Integrity of the Moss Spore Wall and Spore Viability. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146817. [PMID: 26752629 PMCID: PMC4709238 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sporopollenin is the main constituent of the exine layer of spore and pollen walls. The anther-specific chalcone synthase-like (ASCL) enzyme of Physcomitrella patens, PpASCL, has previously been implicated in the biosynthesis of sporopollenin, the main constituent of exine and perine, the two outermost layers of the moss spore cell wall. We made targeted knockouts of the corresponding gene, PpASCL, and phenotypically characterized ascl sporophytes and spores at different developmental stages. Ascl plants developed normally until late in sporophytic development, when the spores produced were structurally aberrant and inviable. The development of the ascl spore cell wall appeared to be arrested early in microspore development, resulting in small, collapsed spores with altered surface morphology. The typical stratification of the spore cell wall was absent with only an abnormal perine recognisable above an amorphous layer possibly representing remnants of compromised intine and/or exine. Equivalent resistance of the spore walls of ascl mutants and the control strain to acetolysis suggests the presence of chemically inert, defective sporopollenin in the mutants. Anatomical abnormalities of late-stage ascl sporophytes include a persistent large columella and an air space incompletely filled with spores. Our results indicate that the evolutionarily conserved PpASCL gene is needed for proper construction of the spore wall and for normal maturation and viability of moss spores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhys M. Daku
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Fazle Rabbi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Josef Buttigieg
- Department of Biology, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Ian M. Coulson
- Department of Geology, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Derrick Horne
- BioImaging Facility, University of British Colombia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Garnet Martens
- BioImaging Facility, University of British Colombia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Neil W. Ashton
- Department of Biology, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
- * E-mail: (DYS); (NWA)
| | - Dae-Yeon Suh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
- * E-mail: (DYS); (NWA)
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Abstract
Pollen plays important roles in the life cycle of angiosperms plants. It acts as not only a biological protector of male sperms but also a communicator between the male and the female reproductive organs, facilitating pollination and fertilization. Pollen is produced within the anther, and covered by the specialized outer envelope, pollen wall. Although the morphology of pollen varies among different plant species, the pollen wall is mainly comprised of three layers: the pollen coat, the outer exine layer, and the inner intine layer. Except the intine layer, the other two layers are basically of lipidic nature. Particularly, the outer pollen wall layer, the exine, is a highly resistant biopolymer of phenylpropanoid and lipidic monomers covalently coupled by ether and ester linkages. The precise molecular mechanisms underlying pollen coat formation and exine patterning remain largely elusive. Herein, we summarize the current genetic, phenotypic and biochemical studies regarding to the pollen exine development and underlying molecular regulatory mechanisms mainly obtained from monocot rice (Oryza sativa) and dicot Arabidopsis thaliana, aiming to extend our understandings of plant male reproductive biology. Genes, enzymes/proteins and regulatory factors that appear to play conserved and diversified roles in lipid biosynthesis, transportation and modification during pollen exine formation, were highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dabing Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road 800, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Jianxin Shi
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road 800, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xijia Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road 800, Shanghai, 200240, China
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Shi J, Cui M, Yang L, Kim YJ, Zhang D. Genetic and Biochemical Mechanisms of Pollen Wall Development. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 20:741-753. [PMID: 26442683 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2015.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The pollen wall is a specialized extracellular cell wall matrix that surrounds male gametophytes and plays an essential role in plant reproduction. Uncovering the mechanisms that control the synthesis and polymerization of the precursors of pollen wall components has been a major research focus in plant biology. We review current knowledge on the genetic and biochemical mechanisms underlying pollen wall development in eudicot model Arabidopsis thaliana and monocot model rice (Oryza sativa), focusing on the genes involved in the biosynthesis, transport, and assembly of various precursors of pollen wall components. The conserved and divergent aspects of the genes involved as well as their regulation are addressed. Current challenges and future perspectives are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Shi
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU)-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Meihua Cui
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU)-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Li Yang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU)-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yu-Jin Kim
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU)-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology and Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Youngin, 446-701, South Korea
| | - Dabing Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU)-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5064, Australia.
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Liu J, Pang C, Wei H, Song M, Meng Y, Ma J, Fan S, Yu S. iTRAQ-facilitated proteomic profiling of anthers from a photosensitive male sterile mutant and wild-type cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). J Proteomics 2015; 126:68-81. [PMID: 26047712 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Male sterility is a common phenomenon in flowering plants, and it has been successfully developed in several crops by taking advantage of heterosis. Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is an important economic crop, used mainly for the production of textile fiber. Using a space mutation breeding technique, a novel photosensitive genetic male sterile mutant CCRI9106 was isolated from the wild-type upland cotton cultivar CCRI040029. To use CCRI9106 in cotton hybrid breeding, it is of great importance to study the molecular mechanisms of its male sterility. Here, histological and iTRAQ-facilitated proteomic analyses of anthers were performed to explore male sterility mechanisms of the mutant. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy of the anthers showed that the development of pollen wall in CCRI9106 was severely defective with a lack of exine formation. At the protein level, 6121 high-confidence proteins were identified and 325 of them showed differential expression patterns between mutant and wild-type anthers. The proteins up- or down-regulated in MT anthers were mainly involved in exine formation, protein degradation, calcium ion binding,etc. These findings provide valuable information on the proteins involved in anther and pollen development, and contribute to elucidate the mechanism of male sterility in upland cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan Province, China
| | - Chaoyou Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan Province, China
| | - Hengling Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan Province, China
| | - Meizhen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan Province, China
| | - Yanyan Meng
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430064, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jianhui Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan Province, China
| | - Shuli Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan Province, China.
| | - Shuxun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan Province, China.
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