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Timm S, Klaas N, Niemann J, Jahnke K, Alseekh S, Zhang Y, Souza PVL, Hou LY, Cosse M, Selinski J, Geigenberger P, Daloso DM, Fernie AR, Hagemann M. Thioredoxins o1 and h2 jointly adjust mitochondrial dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase-dependent pathways towards changing environments. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:2542-2560. [PMID: 38518065 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Thioredoxins (TRXs) are central to redox regulation, modulating enzyme activities to adapt metabolism to environmental changes. Previous research emphasized mitochondrial and microsomal TRX o1 and h2 influence on mitochondrial metabolism, including photorespiration and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Our study aimed to compare TRX-based regulation circuits towards environmental cues mainly affecting photorespiration. Metabolite snapshots, phenotypes and CO2 assimilation were compared among single and multiple TRX mutants in the wild-type and the glycine decarboxylase T-protein knockdown (gldt1) background. Our analyses provided evidence for additive negative effects of combined TRX o1 and h2 deficiency on growth and photosynthesis. Especially metabolite accumulation patterns suggest a shared regulation mechanism mainly on mitochondrial dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (mtLPD1)-dependent pathways. Quantification of pyridine nucleotides, in conjunction with 13C-labelling approaches, and biochemical analysis of recombinant mtLPD1 supported this. It also revealed mtLPD1 inhibition by NADH, pointing at an additional measure to fine-tune it's activity. Collectively, we propose that lack of TRX o1 and h2 perturbs the mitochondrial redox state, which impacts on other pathways through shifts in the NADH/NAD+ ratio via mtLPD1. This regulation module might represent a node for simultaneous adjustments of photorespiration, the TCA cycle and branched chain amino acid degradation under fluctuating environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Timm
- Plant Physiology Department, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Nicole Klaas
- Plant Physiology Department, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Janice Niemann
- Plant Physiology Department, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Kathrin Jahnke
- Plant Physiology Department, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Golm, Germany
| | - Youjun Zhang
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Golm, Germany
- Center of Plant System Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Paulo V L Souza
- LabPlant, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Liang-Yu Hou
- Department Biology I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Maike Cosse
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jennifer Selinski
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Peter Geigenberger
- Department Biology I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Danilo M Daloso
- LabPlant, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Golm, Germany
- Center of Plant System Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Martin Hagemann
- Plant Physiology Department, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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2
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von Bismarck T, Wendering P, Perez de Souza L, Ruß J, Strandberg L, Heyneke E, Walker BJ, Schöttler MA, Fernie AR, Nikoloski Z, Armbruster U. Growth in fluctuating light buffers plants against photorespiratory perturbations. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7052. [PMID: 37923709 PMCID: PMC10624928 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42648-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Photorespiration (PR) is the pathway that detoxifies the product of the oxygenation reaction of Rubisco. It has been hypothesized that in dynamic light environments, PR provides a photoprotective function. To test this hypothesis, we characterized plants with varying PR enzyme activities under fluctuating and non-fluctuating light conditions. Contrasting our expectations, growth of mutants with decreased PR enzyme levels was least affected in fluctuating light compared with wild type. Results for growth, photosynthesis and metabolites combined with thermodynamics-based flux analysis revealed two main causal factors for this unanticipated finding: reduced rates of photosynthesis in fluctuating light and complex re-routing of metabolic fluxes. Only in non-fluctuating light, mutants lacking the glutamate:glyoxylate aminotransferase 1 re-routed glycolate processing to the chloroplast, resulting in photooxidative damage through H2O2 production. Our results reveal that dynamic light environments buffer plant growth and metabolism against photorespiratory perturbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thekla von Bismarck
- Molecular Photosynthesis, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- CEPLAS - Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Philipp Wendering
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
- Bioinformatics Department, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Leonardo Perez de Souza
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jeremy Ruß
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Linnéa Strandberg
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Elmien Heyneke
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Berkley J Walker
- DOE-Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, 612 Wilson Rd, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, 603 Wilson Rd Rm 212, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
| | - Mark A Schöttler
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Zoran Nikoloski
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
- Bioinformatics Department, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ute Armbruster
- Molecular Photosynthesis, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- CEPLAS - Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
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Suzuki S, Tanaka D, Miyagi A, Takahara K, Kono M, Noguchi K, Ishikawa T, Nagano M, Yamaguchi M, Kawai-Yamada M. Loss of peroxisomal NAD kinase 3 (NADK3) affects photorespiration metabolism in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 283:153950. [PMID: 36889102 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.153950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides (NAD+ and NADP+) are electron mediators involved in various metabolic pathways. NADP(H) are produced by NAD kinase (NADK) through the phosphorylation of NAD(H). The Arabidopsis NADK3 (AtNADK3) is reported to preferentially phosphorylate NADH to NADPH and is localized in the peroxisome. To elucidate the biological function of AtNADK3 in Arabidopsis, we compared metabolites of nadk1, nadk2 and nadk3 Arabidopsis T-DNA inserted mutants. Metabolome analysis revealed that glycine and serine, which are intermediate metabolites of photorespiration, both increased in the nadk3 mutants. Plants grown for 6 weeks under short-day conditions showed increased NAD(H), indicating a decrease in the phosphorylation ratio in the NAD(P)(H) equilibrium. Furthermore, high CO2 (0.15%) treatment induced a decrease in glycine and serine in nadk3 mutants. The nadk3 showed a significant decrease in post-illumination CO2 burst, suggesting that the photorespiratory flux was disrupted in the nadk3 mutant. In addition, an increase in CO2 compensation points and a decrease in CO2 assimilation rate were observed in the nadk3 mutants. These results indicate that the lack of AtNADK3 causes a disruption in the intracellular metabolism, such as in amino acid synthesis and photorespiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Suzuki
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 225 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama-city, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Daimu Tanaka
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 225 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama-city, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Atsuko Miyagi
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 225 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama-city, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan; Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, 1-23 Wakaba-machi, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, 997-8555, Japan
| | - Kentaro Takahara
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, the University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Masaru Kono
- Graduate School of Science, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Ko Noguchi
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1, Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Toshiki Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 225 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama-city, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Minoru Nagano
- College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 225 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama-city, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Maki Kawai-Yamada
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 225 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama-city, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan.
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Liao HS, Chung YH, Hsieh MH. Glutamate: A multifunctional amino acid in plants. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 318:111238. [PMID: 35351313 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Glutamate (Glu) is a versatile metabolite and a signaling molecule in plants. Glu biosynthesis is associated with the primary nitrogen assimilation pathway. The conversion between Glu and 2-oxoglutarate connects Glu metabolism to the tricarboxylic acid cycle, carbon metabolism, and energy production. Glu is the predominant amino donor for transamination reactions in the cell. In addition to protein synthesis, Glu is a building block for tetrapyrroles, glutathione, and folate. Glu is the precursor of γ-aminobutyric acid that plays an important role in balancing carbon/nitrogen metabolism and various cellular processes. Glu can conjugate to the major auxin indole 3-acetic acid (IAA), and IAA-Glu is destined for oxidative degradation. Glu also conjugates with isochorismate for the production of salicylic acid. Accumulating evidence indicates that Glu functions as a signaling molecule to regulate plant growth, development, and defense responses. The ligand-gated Glu receptor-like proteins (GLRs) mediate some of these responses. However, many of the Glu signaling events are GLR-independent. The receptor perceiving extracellular Glu as a danger signal is still unknown. In addition to GLRs, Glu may act on receptor-like kinases or receptor-like proteins to trigger immune responses. Glu metabolism and Glu signaling may entwine to regulate growth, development, and defense responses in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Sheng Liao
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsin Chung
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsiun Hsieh
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan.
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Dellero Y, Mauve C, Jossier M, Hodges M. The Impact of Photorespiratory Glycolate Oxidase Activity on Arabidopsis thaliana Leaf Soluble Amino Acid Pool Sizes during Acclimation to Low Atmospheric CO 2 Concentrations. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11080501. [PMID: 34436442 PMCID: PMC8399254 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Photorespiration is a metabolic process that removes toxic 2-phosphoglycolate produced by the oxygenase activity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase. It is essential for plant growth under ambient air, and it can play an important role under stress conditions that reduce CO2 entry into the leaf thus enhancing photorespiration. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of photorespiration on Arabidopsis thaliana leaf amino acid metabolism under low atmospheric CO2 concentrations. To achieve this, wild-type plants and photorespiratory glycolate oxidase (gox) mutants were given either short-term (4 h) or long-term (1 to 8 d) low atmospheric CO2 concentration treatments and leaf amino acid levels were measured and analyzed. Low CO2 treatments rapidly decreased net CO2 assimilation rate and triggered a broad reconfiguration of soluble amino acids. The most significant changes involved photorespiratory Gly and Ser, aromatic and branched-chain amino acids as well as Ala, Asp, Asn, Arg, GABA and homoSer. While the Gly/Ser ratio increased in all Arabidopsis lines between air and low CO2 conditions, low CO2 conditions led to a higher increase in both Gly and Ser contents in gox1 and gox2.2 mutants when compared to wild-type and gox2.1 plants. Results are discussed with respect to potential limiting enzymatic steps with a special emphasis on photorespiratory aminotransferase activities and the complexity of photorespiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younès Dellero
- Institute for Genetics, Environment and Plant Protection (IGEPP), National Institute for Research for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Institut Agro, Univ Rennes, 35653 Le Rheu, France
- Correspondence: (Y.D.); (M.H.)
| | - Caroline Mauve
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Université Paris-Saclay, National Committee of Scientific Research (CNRS), National Institute for Research for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Université d’Evry, Université de Paris, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (C.M.); (M.J.)
| | - Mathieu Jossier
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Université Paris-Saclay, National Committee of Scientific Research (CNRS), National Institute for Research for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Université d’Evry, Université de Paris, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (C.M.); (M.J.)
| | - Michael Hodges
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Université Paris-Saclay, National Committee of Scientific Research (CNRS), National Institute for Research for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Université d’Evry, Université de Paris, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (C.M.); (M.J.)
- Correspondence: (Y.D.); (M.H.)
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González-López MDC, Jijón-Moreno S, Dautt-Castro M, Ovando-Vázquez C, Ziv T, Horwitz BA, Casas-Flores S. Secretome Analysis of Arabidopsis- Trichoderma atroviride Interaction Unveils New Roles for the Plant Glutamate:Glyoxylate Aminotransferase GGAT1 in Plant Growth Induced by the Fungus and Resistance against Botrytis cinerea. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6804. [PMID: 34202732 PMCID: PMC8268252 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The establishment of plant-fungus mutualistic interaction requires bidirectional molecular crosstalk. Therefore, the analysis of the interacting organisms secretomes would help to understand how such relationships are established. Here, a gel-free shotgun proteomics approach was used to identify the secreted proteins of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana and the mutualistic fungus Trichoderma atroviride during their interaction. A total of 126 proteins of Arabidopsis and 1027 of T. atroviride were identified. Among them, 118 and 780 were differentially modulated, respectively. Bioinformatic analysis unveiled that both organisms' secretomes were enriched with enzymes. In T. atroviride, glycosidases, aspartic endopeptidases, and dehydrogenases increased in response to Arabidopsis. Additionally, amidases, protein-serine/threonine kinases, and hydro-lyases showed decreased levels. Furthermore, peroxidases, cysteine endopeptidases, and enzymes related to the catabolism of secondary metabolites increased in the plant secretome. In contrast, pathogenesis-related proteins and protease inhibitors decreased in response to the fungus. Notably, the glutamate:glyoxylate aminotransferase GGAT1 was secreted by Arabidopsis during its interaction with T. atroviride. Our study showed that GGAT1 is partially required for plant growth stimulation and on the induction of the plant systemic resistance by T. atroviride. Additionally, GGAT1 seems to participate in the negative regulation of the plant systemic resistance against B. cinerea through a mechanism involving H2O2 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- María del Carmen González-López
- Laboratorio de Genómica Funcional y Comparativa, División de Biología Molecular, IPICYT, Camino a la Presa San José No. 2055. Col. Lomas 4ª. Section, San Luis Potosí C.P. 78216, Mexico; (M.d.C.G.-L.); (S.J.-M.); (M.D.-C.); (C.O.-V.)
| | - Saúl Jijón-Moreno
- Laboratorio de Genómica Funcional y Comparativa, División de Biología Molecular, IPICYT, Camino a la Presa San José No. 2055. Col. Lomas 4ª. Section, San Luis Potosí C.P. 78216, Mexico; (M.d.C.G.-L.); (S.J.-M.); (M.D.-C.); (C.O.-V.)
| | - Mitzuko Dautt-Castro
- Laboratorio de Genómica Funcional y Comparativa, División de Biología Molecular, IPICYT, Camino a la Presa San José No. 2055. Col. Lomas 4ª. Section, San Luis Potosí C.P. 78216, Mexico; (M.d.C.G.-L.); (S.J.-M.); (M.D.-C.); (C.O.-V.)
| | - Cesaré Ovando-Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Genómica Funcional y Comparativa, División de Biología Molecular, IPICYT, Camino a la Presa San José No. 2055. Col. Lomas 4ª. Section, San Luis Potosí C.P. 78216, Mexico; (M.d.C.G.-L.); (S.J.-M.); (M.D.-C.); (C.O.-V.)
- Centro Nacional de Supercómputo, IPICYT, Camino a la Presa San José No. 2055. Col. Lomas 4ª. Section, San Luis Potosí C.P. 78216, Mexico
| | - Tamar Ziv
- Smoler Protein Center, Faculty of Biology, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel;
| | - Benjamin A. Horwitz
- Faculty of Biology, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel;
| | - Sergio Casas-Flores
- Laboratorio de Genómica Funcional y Comparativa, División de Biología Molecular, IPICYT, Camino a la Presa San José No. 2055. Col. Lomas 4ª. Section, San Luis Potosí C.P. 78216, Mexico; (M.d.C.G.-L.); (S.J.-M.); (M.D.-C.); (C.O.-V.)
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Metabolite Profiling in Arabidopsisthaliana with Moderately Impaired Photorespiration Reveals Novel Metabolic Links and Compensatory Mechanisms of Photorespiration. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11060391. [PMID: 34203750 PMCID: PMC8232240 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11060391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Photorespiration is an integral component of plant primary metabolism. Accordingly, it has been often observed that impairing the photorespiratory flux negatively impacts other cellular processes. In this study, the metabolic acclimation of the Arabidopsisthaliana wild type was compared with the hydroxypyruvate reductase 1 (HPR1; hpr1) mutant, displaying only a moderately reduced photorespiratory flux. Plants were analyzed during development and under varying photoperiods with a combination of non-targeted and targeted metabolome analysis, as well as 13C- and 14C-labeling approaches. The results showed that HPR1 deficiency is more critical for photorespiration during the vegetative compared to the regenerative growth phase. A shorter photoperiod seems to slowdown the photorespiratory metabolite conversion mostly at the glycerate kinase and glycine decarboxylase steps compared to long days. It is demonstrated that even a moderate impairment of photorespiration severely reduces the leaf-carbohydrate status and impacts on sulfur metabolism. Isotope labeling approaches revealed an increased CO2 release from hpr1 leaves, most likely occurring from enhanced non-enzymatic 3-hydroxypyruvate decarboxylation and a higher flux from serine towards ethanolamine through serine decarboxylase. Collectively, the study provides evidence that the moderate hpr1 mutant is an excellent tool to unravel the underlying mechanisms governing the regulation of metabolic linkages of photorespiration with plant primary metabolism.
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Abstract
Plants depend on the enzyme ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) for CO2 fixation. However, especially in C3 plants, photosynthetic yield is reduced by formation of 2-phosphoglycolate, a toxic oxygenation product of Rubisco, which needs to be recycled in a high-flux-demanding metabolic process called photorespiration. Canonical photorespiration dissipates energy and causes carbon and nitrogen losses. Reducing photorespiration through carbon-concentrating mechanisms, such as C4 photosynthesis, or bypassing photorespiration through metabolic engineering is expected to improve plant growth and yield. The β-hydroxyaspartate cycle (BHAC) is a recently described microbial pathway that converts glyoxylate, a metabolite of plant photorespiration, into oxaloacetate in a highly efficient carbon-, nitrogen-, and energy-conserving manner. Here, we engineered a functional BHAC in plant peroxisomes to create a photorespiratory bypass that is independent of 3-phosphoglycerate regeneration or decarboxylation of photorespiratory precursors. While efficient oxaloacetate conversion in Arabidopsis thaliana still masks the full potential of the BHAC, nitrogen conservation and accumulation of signature C4 metabolites demonstrate the proof of principle, opening the door to engineering a photorespiration-dependent synthetic carbon-concentrating mechanism in C3 plants.
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Dellero Y, Jossier M, Bouchereau A, Hodges M, Leport L. Leaf Phenological Stages of Winter Oilseed Rape ( Brassica napus L.) Have Conserved Photosynthetic Efficiencies but Contrasted Intrinsic Water Use Efficiencies at High Light Intensities. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:659439. [PMID: 33936148 PMCID: PMC8083057 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.659439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Leaf senescence in source leaves leads to the active degradation of chloroplast components [photosystems, chlorophylls, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco)] and plays a key role in the efficient remobilization of nutrients toward sink tissues. However, the progression of leaf senescence can differentially modify the photosynthetic properties of source leaves depending on plant species. In this study, the photosynthetic and respiratory properties of four leaf ranks of oilseed rape describing leaf phenological stages having different sink-source activities were analyzed. To achieve this, photosynthetic pigments, total soluble proteins, Rubisco amounts, and the light response of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters coupled to leaf gas exchanges and leaf water content were measured. Photosynthetic CO2 assimilation and electron transfer rates, Rubisco and chlorophyll levels per leaf area were gradually decreased between young, mature and senescent leaves but they remained highly correlated at saturating light intensities. However, senescent leaves of oilseed rape had a lower intrinsic water use efficiency compared to young and mature leaves at saturating light intensities that was mainly due to higher stomatal conductance and transpiration rate with respect to stomatal density and net CO2 assimilation. The results are in favor of a concerted degradation of chloroplast components but a contrasted regulation of water status between leaves of different phenological stages of winter oilseed rape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younès Dellero
- Institute for Genetics, Environment and Plant Protection (IGEPP), National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Institut Agro, Université Rennes, Le Rheu, France
| | - Mathieu Jossier
- Université Paris-Saclay, NAtional Committee of Scientific Research (CNRS), National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Université Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Orsay, France
| | - Alain Bouchereau
- Institute for Genetics, Environment and Plant Protection (IGEPP), National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Institut Agro, Université Rennes, Le Rheu, France
| | - Michael Hodges
- Université Paris-Saclay, NAtional Committee of Scientific Research (CNRS), National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Université Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Orsay, France
| | - Laurent Leport
- Institute for Genetics, Environment and Plant Protection (IGEPP), National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Institut Agro, Université Rennes, Le Rheu, France
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Ye J, Chen W, Feng L, Liu G, Wang Y, Li H, Ye Z, Zhang Y. The chaperonin 60 protein SlCpn60α1 modulates photosynthesis and photorespiration in tomato. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:7224-7240. [PMID: 32915204 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis, an indispensable biological process of plants, produces organic substances for plant growth, during which photorespiration occurs to oxidize carbohydrates to achieve homeostasis. Although the molecular mechanism underlying photosynthesis and photorespiration has been widely explored, the crosstalk between the two processes remains largely unknown. In this study, we isolated and characterized a T-DNA insertion mutant of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) named yellow leaf (yl) with yellowish leaves, retarded growth, and chloroplast collapse that hampered both photosynthesis and photorespiration. Genetic and expression analyses demonstrated that the phenotype of yl was caused by a loss-of-function mutation resulting from a single-copy T-DNA insertion in chaperonin 60α1 (SlCPN60α1). SlCPN60α1 showed high expression levels in leaves and was located in both chloroplasts and mitochondria. Silencing of SlCPN60α1using virus-induced gene silencing and RNA interference mimicked the phenotype of yl. Results of two-dimensional electrophoresis and yeast two-hybrid assays suggest that SlCPN60α1 potentially interacts with proteins that are involved in chlorophyll synthesis, photosynthetic electron transport, and the Calvin cycle, and further affect photosynthesis. Moreover, SlCPN60α1 directly interacted with serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SlSHMT1) in mitochondria, thereby regulating photorespiration in tomato. This study outlines the importance of SlCPN60α1 for both photosynthesis and photorespiration, and provides molecular insights towards plant genetic improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ye
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Weifang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Longwei Feng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Genzhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhibiao Ye
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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11
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Khan A, Wang Z, Xu K, Li L, He L, Hu H, Wang G. Validation of an Enzyme-Driven Model Explaining Photosynthetic Rate Responses to Limited Nitrogen in Crop Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:533341. [PMID: 33101324 PMCID: PMC7546270 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.533341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The limited availability of nitrogen (N) is a fundamental challenge for many crop plants. We have hypothesized that the relative crop photosynthetic rate (P) is exponentially constrained by certain plant-specific enzyme activities, such as ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco), NADP-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NADP-G3PDH), 3-phosphoglyceric acid (PGA) kinase, and chloroplast fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (cpFBPase), in Triticum aestivum and Oryza sativa. We conducted a literature search to compile information from previous studies on C3 and C4 crop plants, to examine the photosynthetic rate responses to limited leaf [N] levels. We found that in Zea mays, NADP-malic enzyme (NADP-ME), PEP carboxykinase (PCK), and Rubisco activities were positively correlated with P. A positive correlation was also observed between both phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) and Rubisco activity with leaf [N] in Sorghum bicolor. Key enzyme activities responded differently to P in C3 and C4 plants, suggesting that other factors, such as leaf [N] and the stage of leaf growth, also limited specific enzyme activities. The relationships followed the best fitting exponential relationships between key enzymes and the P rate in both C3 and C4 plants. It was found that C4 species absorbed less leaf [N] but had higher [N] assimilation rates (A rate) and higher maximum photosynthesis rates (Pmax ), i.e., they were able to utilize and invest more [N] to sustain higher carbon gains. All C3 species studied herein had higher [N] storage (Nstore) and higher absorption of [N], when compared with the C4 species. Nstore was the main [N] source used for maintaining photosynthetic capacity and leaf expansion. Of the nine C3 species assessed, rice had the greatest Pmax , thereby absorbing more leaf [N]. Elevated CO2 (eCO2) was also found to reduce the leaf [N] and Pmax in rice but enhanced the leaf [N] and N use efficiency of photosynthesis in maize. We concluded that eCO2 affects [N] allocation, which directly or indirectly affects Pmax . These results highlight the need to further study these physiological and biochemical processes, to better predict how crops will respond to eCO2 concentrations and limited [N].
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12
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Dellero Y. Manipulating Amino Acid Metabolism to Improve Crop Nitrogen Use Efficiency for a Sustainable Agriculture. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:602548. [PMID: 33329673 PMCID: PMC7733991 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.602548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In a context of a growing worldwide food demand coupled to the need to develop a sustainable agriculture, it is crucial to improve crop nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) while reducing field N inputs. Classical genetic approaches based on natural allelic variations existing within crops have led to the discovery of quantitative trait loci controlling NUE under low nitrogen conditions; however, the identification of candidate genes from mapping studies is still challenging. Amino acid metabolism is the cornerstone of plant N management, which involves N uptake, assimilation, and remobilization efficiencies, and it is finely regulated during acclimation to low N conditions and other abiotic stresses. Over the last two decades, biotechnological engineering of amino acid metabolism has led to promising results for the improvement of crop NUE, and more recently under low N conditions. This review summarizes current work carried out in crops and provides perspectives on the identification of new candidate genes and future strategies for crop improvement.
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13
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Liu Y, Mauve C, Lamothe-Sibold M, Guérard F, Glab N, Hodges M, Jossier M. Photorespiratory serine hydroxymethyltransferase 1 activity impacts abiotic stress tolerance and stomatal closure. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:2567-2583. [PMID: 31134633 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The photorespiratory cycle is a crucial pathway in photosynthetic organisms because it removes toxic 2-phosphoglycolate made by the oxygenase activity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase and retrieves its carbon as 3-phosphoglycerate. Mitochondrial serine hydroxymethyltransferase 1 (SHMT1) is an essential photorespiratory enzyme converting glycine to serine. SHMT1 regulation remains poorly understood although it could involve the phosphorylation of serine 31. Here, we report the complementation of Arabidopsis thaliana shm1-1 by SHMT1 wild-type, phosphorylation-mimetic (S31D) or nonphophorylatable (S31A) forms. All SHMT1 forms could almost fully complement the photorespiratory growth phenotype of shm1-1; however, each transgenic line had only 50% of normal SHMT activity. In response to either a salt or drought stress, Compl-S31D lines showed a more severe growth deficiency compared with the other transgenic lines. This sensitivity to salt appeared to reflect reduced SHMT1-S31D protein amounts and a lower activity that impacted leaf metabolism leading to proline underaccumulation and overaccumulation of polyamines. The S31D mutation in SHMT1 also led to a reduction in salt-induced and ABA-induced stomatal closure. Taken together, our results highlight the importance of maintaining photorespiratory SHMT1 activity in salt and drought stress conditions and indicate that SHMT1 S31 phosphorylation could be involved in modulating SHMT1 protein stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanpei Liu
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, INRA, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay Cedex, 91405, France
| | - Caroline Mauve
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, INRA, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay Cedex, 91405, France
| | - Marlène Lamothe-Sibold
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, INRA, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay Cedex, 91405, France
| | - Florence Guérard
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, INRA, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay Cedex, 91405, France
| | - Nathalie Glab
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, INRA, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay Cedex, 91405, France
| | - Michael Hodges
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, INRA, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay Cedex, 91405, France
| | - Mathieu Jossier
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, INRA, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay Cedex, 91405, France
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Eisenhut M, Roell MS, Weber APM. Mechanistic understanding of photorespiration paves the way to a new green revolution. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 223:1762-1769. [PMID: 31032928 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Photorespiration is frequently considered a wasteful and inefficient process. However, mutant analysis demonstrated that photorespiration is essential for recycling of 2-phosphoglycolate in C3 and C4 land plants, in algae, and even in cyanobacteria operating carboxysome-based carbon (C) concentrating mechanisms. Photorespiration links photosynthetic C assimilation with other metabolic processes, such as nitrogen and sulfur assimilation, as well as C1 metabolism, and it may contribute to balancing the redox poise between chloroplasts, peroxisomes, mitochondria and cytoplasm. The high degree of metabolic interdependencies and the pleiotropic phenotypes of photorespiratory mutants impedes the distinction between core and accessory functions. Newly developed synthetic bypasses of photorespiration, beyond holding potential for significant yield increases in C3 crops, will enable us to differentiate between essential and accessory functions of photorespiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Eisenhut
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstrasse 1, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Marc-Sven Roell
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstrasse 1, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Andreas P M Weber
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstrasse 1, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
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15
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Blume C, Ost J, Mühlenbruch M, Peterhänsel C, Laxa M. Low CO2 induces urea cycle intermediate accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210342. [PMID: 30650113 PMCID: PMC6334940 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The non-proteinogenic amino acid ornithine links several stress response pathways. From a previous study we know that ornithine accumulates in response to low CO2. To investigate ornithine accumulation in plants, we shifted plants to either low CO2 or low light. Both conditions increased carbon limitation, but only low CO2 also increased the rate of photorespiration. Changes in metabolite profiles of light- and CO2-limited plants were quite similar. Several amino acids that are known markers of senescence accumulated strongly under both conditions. However, urea cycle intermediates respond differently between the two treatments. While the levels of both ornithine and citrulline were much higher in plants shifted to 100 ppm CO2 compared to those kept in 400 ppm CO2, their metabolite abundance did not significantly change in response to a light limitation. Furthermore, both ornithine and citrulline accumulation is independent from sugar starvation. Exogenous supplied sugar did not significantly change the accumulation of the two metabolites in low CO2-stressed plants, while the accumulation of other amino acids was reduced by about 50%. Gene expression measurements showed a reduction of the entire arginine biosynthetic pathway in response to low CO2. Genes in both proline biosynthesis and degradation were induced. Hence, proline did not accumulate in response to low CO2 like observed for many other stresses. We propose that excess of nitrogen re-fixed during photorespiration can be alternatively stored in ornithine and citrulline under low CO2 conditions. Furthermore, ornithine is converted to pyrroline-5-carboxylate by the action of δOAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Blume
- Institute of Botany, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julia Ost
- Institute of Botany, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | - Miriam Laxa
- Institute of Botany, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
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16
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Levey M, Timm S, Mettler-Altmann T, Luca Borghi G, Koczor M, Arrivault S, PM Weber A, Bauwe H, Gowik U, Westhoff P. Efficient 2-phosphoglycolate degradation is required to maintain carbon assimilation and allocation in the C4 plant Flaveria bidentis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:575-587. [PMID: 30357386 PMCID: PMC6322630 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Photorespiration is indispensable for oxygenic photosynthesis since it detoxifies and recycles 2-phosphoglycolate (2PG), which is the primary oxygenation product of Rubisco. However, C4 plant species typically display very low rates of photorespiration due to their efficient biochemical carbon-concentrating mechanism. Thus, the broader relevance of photorespiration in these organisms remains unclear. In this study, we assessed the importance of a functional photorespiratory pathway in the C4 plant Flaveria bidentis using knockdown of the first enzymatic step, namely 2PG phosphatase (PGLP). The isolated RNAi lines showed strongly reduced amounts of PGLP protein, but distinct signs of the photorespiratory phenotype only emerged below 5% residual PGLP protein. Lines with this characteristic were stunted in growth, had strongly increased 2PG content, exhibited accelerated leaf senescence, and accumulated high amounts of branched-chain and aromatic amino acids, which are both characteristics of incipient carbon starvation. Oxygen-dependent gas-exchange measurements consistently suggested the cumulative impairment of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate regeneration with increased photorespiratory pressure. Our results indicate that photorespiration is essential for maintaining high rates of C4 photosynthesis by preventing the 2PG-mediated inhibition of carbon utilization efficiency. However, considerably higher 2PG accumulation can be tolerated compared to equivalent lines of C3 plants due to the differential distribution of specific enzymatic steps between the mesophyll and bundle sheath cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myles Levey
- Institute of Plant Molecular and Developmental Biology, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstraße, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Timm
- University of Rostock, Plant Physiology Department, Albert-Einstein-Straße, Rostock, Germany
| | - Tabea Mettler-Altmann
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS) Plant Metabolism and Metabolomics Laboratory, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstraße, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gian Luca Borghi
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg, Golm, Germany
| | - Maria Koczor
- Institute of Plant Molecular and Developmental Biology, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstraße, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stéphanie Arrivault
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg, Golm, Germany
| | - Andreas PM Weber
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS) Plant Metabolism and Metabolomics Laboratory, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstraße, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hermann Bauwe
- University of Rostock, Plant Physiology Department, Albert-Einstein-Straße, Rostock, Germany
| | - Udo Gowik
- Institute of Plant Molecular and Developmental Biology, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstraße, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter Westhoff
- Institute of Plant Molecular and Developmental Biology, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstraße, Düsseldorf, Germany
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17
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Dusenge ME, Duarte AG, Way DA. Plant carbon metabolism and climate change: elevated CO 2 and temperature impacts on photosynthesis, photorespiration and respiration. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 221:32-49. [PMID: 29983005 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 297] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Contents Summary 32 I. The importance of plant carbon metabolism for climate change 32 II. Rising atmospheric CO2 and carbon metabolism 33 III. Rising temperatures and carbon metabolism 37 IV. Thermal acclimation responses of carbon metabolic processes can be best understood when studied together 38 V. Will elevated CO2 offset warming-induced changes in carbon metabolism? 40 VI. No plant is an island: water and nutrient limitations define plant responses to climate drivers 41 VII. Conclusions 42 Acknowledgements 42 References 42 Appendix A1 48 SUMMARY: Plant carbon metabolism is impacted by rising CO2 concentrations and temperatures, but also feeds back onto the climate system to help determine the trajectory of future climate change. Here we review how photosynthesis, photorespiration and respiration are affected by increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations and climate warming, both separately and in combination. We also compile data from the literature on plants grown at multiple temperatures, focusing on net CO2 assimilation rates and leaf dark respiration rates measured at the growth temperature (Agrowth and Rgrowth , respectively). Our analyses show that the ratio of Agrowth to Rgrowth is generally homeostatic across a wide range of species and growth temperatures, and that species that have reduced Agrowth at higher growth temperatures also tend to have reduced Rgrowth , while species that show stimulations in Agrowth under warming tend to have higher Rgrowth in the hotter environment. These results highlight the need to study these physiological processes together to better predict how vegetation carbon metabolism will respond to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirindi Eric Dusenge
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - André Galvao Duarte
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Danielle A Way
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
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18
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Samuilov S, Brilhaus D, Rademacher N, Flachbart S, Arab L, Alfarraj S, Kuhnert F, Kopriva S, Weber APM, Mettler-Altmann T, Rennenberg H. The Photorespiratory BOU Gene Mutation Alters Sulfur Assimilation and Its Crosstalk With Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism in Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1709. [PMID: 30559749 PMCID: PMC6284229 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed at elucidating the significance of photorespiratory serine (Ser) production for cysteine (Cys) biosynthesis. For this purpose, sulfur (S) metabolism and its crosstalk with nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) metabolism were analyzed in wildtype Arabidopsis and its photorespiratory bou-2 mutant with impaired glycine decarboxylase (GDC) activity. Foliar glycine and Ser contents were enhanced in the mutant at day and night. The high Ser levels in the mutant cannot be explained by transcript abundances of genes of the photorespiratory pathway or two alternative pathways of Ser biosynthesis. Despite enhanced foliar Ser, reduced GDC activity mediated a decline in sulfur flux into major sulfur pools in the mutant, as a result of deregulation of genes of sulfur reduction and assimilation. Still, foliar Cys and glutathione contents in the mutant were enhanced. The use of Cys for methionine and glucosinolates synthesis was reduced in the mutant. Reduced GDC activity in the mutant downregulated Calvin Cycle and nitrogen assimilation genes, upregulated key enzymes of glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) pathway and modified accumulation of sugars and TCA intermediates. Thus, photorespiratory Ser production can be replaced by other metabolic Ser sources, but this replacement deregulates the cross-talk between S, N, and C metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sladjana Samuilov
- Chair of Tree Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Dominik Brilhaus
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nadine Rademacher
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Samantha Flachbart
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Leila Arab
- Chair of Tree Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Saleh Alfarraj
- College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Franziska Kuhnert
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stanislav Kopriva
- Botanical Institute, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andreas P. M. Weber
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tabea Mettler-Altmann
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Heinz Rennenberg
- Chair of Tree Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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19
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Dellero Y, Rose S, Metton C, Morabito C, Lupette J, Jouhet J, Maréchal E, Rébeillé F, Amato A. Ecophysiology and lipid dynamics of a eukaryotic mangrove decomposer. Environ Microbiol 2018; 20:3057-3068. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Younès Dellero
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale; Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA; Grenoble Cedex 9 France
| | - Suzanne Rose
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale; Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA; Grenoble Cedex 9 France
| | - Coralie Metton
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale; Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA; Grenoble Cedex 9 France
| | - Christian Morabito
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale; Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA; Grenoble Cedex 9 France
| | - Josselin Lupette
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale; Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA; Grenoble Cedex 9 France
| | - Juliette Jouhet
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale; Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA; Grenoble Cedex 9 France
| | - Eric Maréchal
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale; Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA; Grenoble Cedex 9 France
| | - Fabrice Rébeillé
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale; Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA; Grenoble Cedex 9 France
| | - Alberto Amato
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale; Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA; Grenoble Cedex 9 France
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20
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Liang Y, Zeng X, Peng X, Hou X. Arabidopsis glutamate:glyoxylate aminotransferase 1 (Ler) mutants generated by CRISPR/Cas9 and their characteristics. Transgenic Res 2018; 27:61-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s11248-017-0052-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Otori K, Tanabe N, Maruyama T, Sato S, Yanagisawa S, Tamoi M, Shigeoka S. Enhanced photosynthetic capacity increases nitrogen metabolism through the coordinated regulation of carbon and nitrogen assimilation in Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2017; 130:909-927. [PMID: 28470336 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-017-0950-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth and productivity depend on interactions between the metabolism of carbon and nitrogen. The sensing ability of internal carbon and nitrogen metabolites (the C/N balance) enables plants to regulate metabolism and development. In order to investigate the effects of an enhanced photosynthetic capacity on the metabolism of carbon and nitrogen in photosynthetically active tissus (source leaves), we herein generated transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants (ApFS) that expressed cyanobacterial fructose-1,6-/sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase in their chloroplasts. The phenotype of ApFS plants was indistinguishable from that of wild-type plants at the immature stage. However, as plants matured, the growth of ApFS plants was superior to that of wild-type plants. Starch levels were higher in ApFS plants than in wild-type plants at 2 and 5 weeks. Sucrose levels were also higher in ApFS plants than in wild-type plants, but only at 5 weeks. On the other hand, the contents of various free amino acids were lower in ApFS plants than in wild-type plants at 2 weeks, but were similar at 5 weeks. The total C/N ratio was the same in ApFS plants and wild-type plants, whereas nitrite levels increased in parallel with elevations in nitrate reductase activity at 5 weeks in ApFS plants. These results suggest that increases in the contents of photosynthetic intermediates at the early growth stage caused a temporary imbalance in the free-C/free-N ratio and, thus, the feedback inhibition of the expression of genes involved in the Calvin cycle and induction of the expression of those involved in nitrogen metabolism due to supply deficient free amino acids for maintenance of the C/N balance in source leaves of ApFS plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumi Otori
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Noriaki Tanabe
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Toshiki Maruyama
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505, Japan
| | - Shigeru Sato
- Biotechnology Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Shuichi Yanagisawa
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, 332-0012, Japan
- Biotechnology Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tamoi
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505, Japan.
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, 332-0012, Japan.
| | - Shigeru Shigeoka
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, 332-0012, Japan
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22
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Abstract
Dynamic systems modeling is a method to study systematic properties of a complex system. The basic principles, procedures, and tools available to develop a dynamic systems model of complex metabolic processes are detailed. Here, a photosynthetic carbon metabolism model, which includes the Calvin Benson cycle, photorespiration, and starch and sucrose synthesis pathways, is used as an example to illustrate the whole process of model development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglong Zhao
- Plant Systems Biology Group, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fenglin Road 500, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- Plant Systems Biology Group, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fenglin Road 500, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xin-Guang Zhu
- Plant Systems Biology Group, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fenglin Road 500, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Plant Systems Biology Groups, CAS Key Laboratory for Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, CAS, Room 102, Physiology Building, Yueyang Road 320, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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23
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Responses of the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana to changes in CO 2 concentration: a proteomic approach. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42333. [PMID: 28181560 PMCID: PMC5299434 DOI: 10.1038/srep42333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The concentration of CO2 in many aquatic systems is variable, often lower than the KM of the primary carboxylating enzyme Rubisco, and in order to photosynthesize efficiently, many algae operate a facultative CO2 concentrating mechanism (CCM). Here we measured the responses of a marine diatom, Thalassiosira pseudonana, to high and low concentrations of CO2 at the level of transcripts, proteins and enzyme activity. Low CO2 caused many metabolic pathways to be remodeled. Carbon acquisition enzymes, primarily carbonic anhydrase, stress, degradation and signaling proteins were more abundant while proteins associated with nitrogen metabolism, energy production and chaperones were less abundant. A protein with similarities to the Ca2+/ calmodulin dependent protein kinase II_association domain, having a chloroplast targeting sequence, was only present at low CO2. This protein might be a specific response to CO2 limitation since a previous study showed that other stresses caused its reduction. The protein sequence was found in other marine diatoms and may play an important role in their response to low CO2 concentration.
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24
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Modde K, Timm S, Florian A, Michl K, Fernie AR, Bauwe H. High serine:glyoxylate aminotransferase activity lowers leaf daytime serine levels, inducing the phosphoserine pathway in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:643-656. [PMID: 28011718 PMCID: PMC5441925 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Serine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (SGAT) converts glyoxylate and serine to glycine and hydroxypyruvate during photorespiration. Besides this, SGAT operates with several other substrates including asparagine. The impact of this enzymatic promiscuity on plant metabolism, particularly photorespiration and serine biosynthesis, is poorly understood. We found that elevated SGAT activity causes surprisingly clear changes in metabolism and interferes with photosynthetic CO2 uptake and biomass accumulation of Arabidopsis. The faster serine turnover during photorespiration progressively lowers day-time leaf serine contents and in turn induces the phosphoserine pathway. Transcriptional upregulation of this additional route of serine biosynthesis occurs already during the day but particularly at night, efficiently counteracting night-time serine depletion. Additionally, higher SGAT activity results in an increased use of asparagine as the external donor of amino groups to the photorespiratory pathway but does not alter leaf asparagine content at night. These results suggest leaf SGAT activity needs to be dynamically adjusted to ensure (i) variable flux through the photorespiratory pathway at a minimal consumption of asparagine and (ii) adequate serine levels for other cellular metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Modde
- University of Rostock, Plant Physiology Department, Albert-Einstein-Straße, Rostock, Germany
| | - Stefan Timm
- University of Rostock, Plant Physiology Department, Albert-Einstein-Straße, Rostock, Germany
| | - Alexandra Florian
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg, Golm, Germany
| | - Klaudia Michl
- University of Rostock, Plant Physiology Department, Albert-Einstein-Straße, Rostock, Germany
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg, Golm, Germany
| | - Hermann Bauwe
- University of Rostock, Plant Physiology Department, Albert-Einstein-Straße, Rostock, Germany
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25
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Ayyappan V, Saha MC, Thimmapuram J, Sripathi VR, Bhide KP, Fiedler E, Hayford RK, Kalavacharla VK. Comparative transcriptome profiling of upland (VS16) and lowland (AP13) ecotypes of switchgrass. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2017; 36:129-150. [PMID: 27812750 PMCID: PMC5206262 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-016-2065-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Transcriptomes of two switchgrass genotypes representing the upland and lowland ecotypes will be key tools in switchgrass genome annotation and biotic and abiotic stress functional genomics. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is an important bioenergy feedstock for cellulosic ethanol production. We report genome-wide transcriptome profiling of two contrasting tetraploid switchgrass genotypes, VS16 and AP13, representing the upland and lowland ecotypes, respectively. A total of 268 million Illumina short reads (50 nt) were generated, of which, 133 million were obtained in AP13 and the rest 135 million in VS16. More than 90% of these reads were mapped to the switchgrass reference genome (V1.1). We identified 6619 and 5369 differentially expressed genes in VS16 and AP13, respectively. Gene ontology and KEGG pathway analysis identified key genes that regulate important pathways including C4 photosynthesis, photorespiration and phenylpropanoid metabolism. A series of genes (33) involved in photosynthetic pathway were up-regulated in AP13 but only two genes showed higher expression in VS16. We identified three dicarboxylate transporter homologs that were highly expressed in AP13. Additionally, genes that mediate drought, heat, and salinity tolerance were also identified. Vesicular transport proteins, syntaxin and signal recognition particles were seen to be up-regulated in VS16. Analyses of selected genes involved in biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, plant-pathogen interaction, membrane transporters, heat, drought and salinity stress responses confirmed significant variation in the relative expression reflected in RNA-Seq data between VS16 and AP13 genotypes. The phenylpropanoid pathway genes identified here are potential targets for biofuel conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasudevan Ayyappan
- Molecular Genetics and Epigenomics Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Related Sciences, Delaware State University, Dover, DE, USA
| | - Malay C Saha
- Forage Improvement Division, The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK, USA
| | | | - Venkateswara R Sripathi
- Plant Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics Laboratory, College of Agricultural, Life and Natural Sciences, Alabama A&M University, Normal, AL, USA
| | - Ketaki P Bhide
- Bioinformatics Core, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Elizabeth Fiedler
- Molecular Genetics and Epigenomics Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Related Sciences, Delaware State University, Dover, DE, USA
| | - Rita K Hayford
- Molecular Genetics and Epigenomics Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Related Sciences, Delaware State University, Dover, DE, USA
| | - Venu Kal Kalavacharla
- Molecular Genetics and Epigenomics Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Related Sciences, Delaware State University, Dover, DE, USA.
- Center for Integrated Biological and Environmental Research, Delaware State University, Dover, DE, USA.
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26
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13C and 15N natural isotope abundance reflects breast cancer cell metabolism. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34251. [PMID: 27678172 PMCID: PMC5039687 DOI: 10.1038/srep34251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Despite the information provided by anatomopathological assessment and molecular markers (such as receptor expression ER, PR, HER2), breast cancer therapies and prognostics depend on the metabolic properties of tumor cells. However, metabolomics have not provided a robust and congruent biomarker yet, likely because individual metabolite contents are insufficient to encapsulate all of the alterations in metabolic fluxes. Here, we took advantage of natural 13C and 15N isotope abundance to show there are isotopic differences between healthy and cancer biopsy tissues or between healthy and malignant cultured cell lines. Isotope mass balance further suggests that these differences are mostly related to lipid metabolism, anaplerosis and urea cycle, three pathways known to be impacted in malignant cells. Our results demonstrate that the isotope signature is a good descriptor of metabolism since it integrates modifications in C partitioning and N excretion altogether. Our present study is thus a starting point to possible clinical applications such as patient screening and biopsy characterization in every cancer that is associated with metabolic changes.
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27
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Laxa M, Müller K, Lange N, Doering L, Pruscha JT, Peterhänsel C. The 5'UTR Intron of Arabidopsis GGT1 Aminotransferase Enhances Promoter Activity by Recruiting RNA Polymerase II. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 172:313-27. [PMID: 27418588 PMCID: PMC5074633 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Photorespiration is essential for the detoxification of glycolate and recycling of carbon to the Calvin Benson Bassham cycle. Enzymes participating in the pathway have been identified, and investigations now focus on the regulation of photorespiration by transporters and metabolites. However, regulation of photorespiration on the gene level has not been intensively studied. Here, we show that maximum transcript abundance of Glu:glyoxylate aminotransferase 1 (GGT1) is regulated by intron-mediated enhancement (IME) of the 5' leader intron rather than by regulatory elements in the 5' upstream region. The intron is rich in CT-stretches and contains the motif TGTGATTTG that is highly similar to the IME-related motif TTNGATYTG. The GGT1 intron also confers leaf-specific expression of foreign promoters. Quantitative PCR analysis and GUS activity measurements revealed that IME of the GGT1 5'UTR intron is controlled on the transcriptional level. IME by the GGT1 5'UTR intron was at least 2-fold. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments showed that the abundance of RNA polymerase II binding to the intron-less construct is reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Laxa
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Botany, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Kristin Müller
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Botany, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Natalie Lange
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Botany, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Lennart Doering
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Botany, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Thomas Pruscha
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Botany, 30419 Hannover, Germany
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28
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Dellero Y, Jossier M, Glab N, Oury C, Tcherkez G, Hodges M. Decreased glycolate oxidase activity leads to altered carbon allocation and leaf senescence after a transfer from high CO2 to ambient air in Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:3149-63. [PMID: 26896850 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic and physiological analyses of Arabidopsis thaliana glycolate oxidase (GOX) mutant leaves were performed to understand the development of the photorespiratory phenotype after transfer from high CO2 to air. We show that two Arabidopsis genes, GOX1 and GOX2, share a redundant photorespiratory role. Air-grown single gox1 and gox2 mutants grew normally and no significant differences in leaf metabolic levels and photosynthetic activities were found when compared with wild-type plants. To study the impact of a highly reduced GOX activity on plant metabolism, both GOX1 and GOX2 expression was knocked-down using an artificial miRNA strategy. Air-grown amiRgox1/2 plants with a residual 5% GOX activity exhibited a severe growth phenotype. When high-CO2-grown adult plants were transferred to air, the photosynthetic activity of amiRgox1/2 was rapidly reduced to 50% of control levels, and a high non-photochemical chlorophyll fluorescence quenching was maintained. (13)C-labeling revealed that daily assimilated carbon accumulated in glycolate, leading to reduced carbon allocation to sugars, organic acids, and amino acids. Such changes were not always mirrored in leaf total metabolite levels, since many soluble amino acids increased after transfer, while total soluble protein, RuBisCO (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase), and chlorophyll amounts decreased in amiRgox1/2 plants. The senescence marker, SAG12, was induced only in amiRgox1/2 rosettes after transfer to air. The expression of maize photorespiratory GOX in amiRgox1/2 abolished all observed phenotypes. The results indicate that the inhibition of the photorespiratory cycle negatively impacts photosynthesis, alters carbon allocation, and leads to early senescence in old rosette leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younès Dellero
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, INRA, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Mathieu Jossier
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, INRA, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Nathalie Glab
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, INRA, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Céline Oury
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, INRA, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Guillaume Tcherkez
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, INRA, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Michael Hodges
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, INRA, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
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29
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Timm S, Florian A, Fernie AR, Bauwe H. The regulatory interplay between photorespiration and photosynthesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:2923-9. [PMID: 26969745 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The Calvin-Benson cycle and the photorespiratory pathway form the photosynthetic-photorespiratory supercycle that is responsible for nearly all biological CO2 fixation on Earth. In essence, supplementation with the photorespiratory pathway is necessary because the CO2-fixing enzyme of the Calvin-Benson cycle, ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco), catalyses several side reactions including the oxygenation of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate, which produces the noxious metabolite phosphoglycolate. The photorespiratory pathway recycles the phosphoglycolate to 3-phosphoglycerate and in this way allows the Calvin-Benson cycle to operate in the presence of molecular oxygen generated by oxygenic photosynthesis. While the carbon flow through the individual and combined subprocesses is well known, information on their regulatory interaction is very limited. Regulatory feedback from the photorespiratory pathway to the Calvin-Benson cycle can be presumed from numerous inhibitor experiments and was demonstrated in recent studies with transgenic plants. This complexity illustrates that we are not yet ready to rationally engineer photosynthesis by altering photorespiration since despite massive understanding of the core photorespiratory pathway our understanding of its interaction with other pathways and processes remains fragmentary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Timm
- University of Rostock, Plant Physiology Department, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - Alexandra Florian
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Hermann Bauwe
- University of Rostock, Plant Physiology Department, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
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30
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Dellero Y, Jossier M, Schmitz J, Maurino VG, Hodges M. Photorespiratory glycolate-glyoxylate metabolism. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:3041-52. [PMID: 26994478 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Photorespiration is one of the major carbon metabolism pathways in oxygen-producing photosynthetic organisms. This pathway recycles 2-phosphoglycolate (2-PG), a toxic metabolite, to 3-phosphoglycerate when ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) uses oxygen instead of carbon dioxide. The photorespiratory cycle is in competition with photosynthetic CO2 fixation and it is accompanied by carbon, nitrogen and energy losses. Thus, photorespiration has become a target to improve crop yields. Moreover, during the photorespiratory cycle intermediate metabolites that are toxic to Calvin-Benson cycle and RuBisCO activities, such as 2-PG, glycolate and glyoxylate, are produced. Thus, the presence of an efficient 2-PG/glycolate/glyoxylate 'detoxification' pathway is required to ensure normal development of photosynthetic organisms. Here we review our current knowledge concerning the enzymes that carry out the glycolate-glyoxylate metabolic steps of photorespiration from glycolate production in the chloroplasts to the synthesis of glycine in the peroxisomes. We describe the properties of the proteins involved in glycolate-glyoxylate metabolism in Archaeplastida and the phenotypes observed when knocking down/out these specific photorespiratory players. Advances in our understanding of the regulation of glycolate-glyoxylate metabolism are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younès Dellero
- Institut of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, INRA, Université d'Evry, Université Paris Diderot, Université Paris-Saclay, Bât 630, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Mathieu Jossier
- Institut of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, INRA, Université d'Evry, Université Paris Diderot, Université Paris-Saclay, Bât 630, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Jessica Schmitz
- Institute of Developmental and Molecular Biology of Plants, Plant Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology Group, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Veronica G Maurino
- Institute of Developmental and Molecular Biology of Plants, Plant Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology Group, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Hodges
- Institut of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, INRA, Université d'Evry, Université Paris Diderot, Université Paris-Saclay, Bât 630, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
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31
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Obata T, Florian A, Timm S, Bauwe H, Fernie AR. On the metabolic interactions of (photo)respiration. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:3003-14. [PMID: 27029352 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Given that photorespiration is inextricably linked to the process of photosynthesis by virtue of sharing the common first enzyme Rubisco, the photorespiratory pathway has been less subject to study in isolation than many other metabolic pathways. That said, despite often being described to be linked to reactions of ammonia assimilation, C1 metabolism and respiratory metabolism, the precise molecular mechanisms governing these linkages in land plants remain partially obscure. The application of broad metabolite profiling on mutants with altered levels of metabolic enzymes has facilitated the identification of common and distinct metabolic responses among them. Here we provide an update of the recent findings from such studies, focusing particularly on the interplay between photorespiration and the metabolic reactions of mitochondrial respiration. In order to do so we evaluated (i) changes in organic acids following environmental perturbation of metabolism, (ii) changes in organic acid levels in a wide range of photorespiratory mutants, (iii) changes in levels of photorespiratory metabolites in transgenic tomato lines deficient in the expression of enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. In addition, we estimated the rates of photorespiration in a complete set of tricarboxylic acid cycle transgenic tomato lines. Finally, we discuss insight concerning the interaction between photorespiration and other pathways that has been attained following the development of (13)CO2-based flux profiling methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Obata
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Alexandra Florian
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Stefan Timm
- Plant Physiology Department, University of Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - Hermann Bauwe
- Plant Physiology Department, University of Rostock, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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32
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Hodges M, Dellero Y, Keech O, Betti M, Raghavendra AS, Sage R, Zhu XG, Allen DK, Weber APM. Perspectives for a better understanding of the metabolic integration of photorespiration within a complex plant primary metabolism network. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:3015-26. [PMID: 27053720 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Photorespiration is an essential high flux metabolic pathway that is found in all oxygen-producing photosynthetic organisms. It is often viewed as a closed metabolic repair pathway that serves to detoxify 2-phosphoglycolic acid and to recycle carbon to fuel the Calvin-Benson cycle. However, this view is too simplistic since the photorespiratory cycle is known to interact with several primary metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, nitrate assimilation, amino acid metabolism, C1 metabolism and the Krebs (TCA) cycle. Here we will review recent advances in photorespiration research and discuss future priorities to better understand (i) the metabolic integration of the photorespiratory cycle within the complex network of plant primary metabolism and (ii) the importance of photorespiration in response to abiotic and biotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hodges
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, INRA, Université d'Evry, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Younès Dellero
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, INRA, Université d'Evry, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Olivier Keech
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Marco Betti
- Departamento de Bioquímica Vegetal y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, 141012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Agepati S Raghavendra
- School of Life Sciences, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Rowan Sage
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, ON M5S3B2, Canada
| | - Xin-Guang Zhu
- CAS-MPG Partner Institutes for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, CAS, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Doug K Allen
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Plant Genetics Research Unit, Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St Louis, MO 63132, USA
| | - Andreas P M Weber
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science (CEPLAS), Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Universitätsstraße 1, and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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