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Tóth DJ, Tóth JT, Damouni A, Hunyady L, Várnai P. Effect of hormone-induced plasma membrane phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate depletion on receptor endocytosis suggests the importance of local regulation in phosphoinositide signaling. Sci Rep 2024; 14:291. [PMID: 38168911 PMCID: PMC10761818 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50732-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) has been shown to be critical for the endocytosis of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). We have previously demonstrated that depletion of PIP2 by chemically induced plasma membrane (PM) recruitment of a 5-phosphatase domain prevents the internalization of the β2 adrenergic receptor (β2AR) from the PM to early endosomes. In this study, we tested the effect of hormone-induced PM PIP2 depletion on β2AR internalization using type-1 angiotensin receptor (AT1R) or M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M3R). We followed the endocytic route of β2ARs in HEK 293T cells using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer between the receptor and endosome marker Rab5. To compare the effect of lipid depletion by different means, we created and tested an AT1R fusion protein that is capable of both recruitment-based and hormone-induced depletion methods. The rate of PM PIP2 depletion was measured using a biosensor based on the PH domain of phospholipase Cδ1. As expected, β2AR internalization was inhibited when PIP2 depletion was evoked by recruiting 5-phosphatase to PM-anchored AT1R. A similar inhibition occurred when wild-type AT1R was activated by adding angiotensin II. However, stimulation of the desensitization/internalization-impaired mutant AT1R (TSTS/4A) caused very little inhibition of β2AR internalization, despite the higher rate of measurable PIP2 depletion. Interestingly, inhibition of PIP2 resynthesis with the selective PI4KA inhibitor GSK-A1 had little effect on the change in PH-domain-measured PM PIP2 levels but did significantly decrease β2AR internalization upon either AT1R or M3R activation, indicating the importance of a locally synthetized phosphoinositide pool in the regulation of this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dániel J Tóth
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Tűzoltó utca 37-47, 1094, Hungary
- HUN-REN-SU Molecular Physiology Research Group, Hungarian Research Network and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - József T Tóth
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Tűzoltó utca 37-47, 1094, Hungary
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Üllői út 78/B, 1082, Hungary
| | - Amir Damouni
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Tűzoltó utca 37-47, 1094, Hungary
| | - László Hunyady
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Tűzoltó utca 37-47, 1094, Hungary
- Institute of Enzymology, Centre of Excellence of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117, Hungary
| | - Péter Várnai
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Tűzoltó utca 37-47, 1094, Hungary.
- HUN-REN-SU Molecular Physiology Research Group, Hungarian Research Network and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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An Unexpected Enzyme in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells: Angiotensin II Upregulates Cholesterol-25-Hydroxylase Gene Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043968. [PMID: 36835391 PMCID: PMC9965395 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin II (AngII) is a vasoactive peptide hormone, which, under pathological conditions, contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Oxysterols, including 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-HC), the product of cholesterol-25-hydroxylase (CH25H), also have detrimental effects on vascular health by affecting vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). We investigated AngII-induced gene expression changes in VSMCs to explore whether AngII stimulus and 25-HC production have a connection in the vasculature. RNA-sequencing revealed that Ch25h is significantly upregulated in response to AngII stimulus. The Ch25h mRNA levels were elevated robustly (~50-fold) 1 h after AngII (100 nM) stimulation compared to baseline levels. Using inhibitors, we specified that the AngII-induced Ch25h upregulation is type 1 angiotensin II receptor- and Gq/11 activity-dependent. Furthermore, p38 MAPK has a crucial role in the upregulation of Ch25h. We performed LC-MS/MS to identify 25-HC in the supernatant of AngII-stimulated VSMCs. In the supernatants, 25-HC concentration peaked 4 h after AngII stimulation. Our findings provide insight into the pathways mediating AngII-induced Ch25h upregulation. Our study elucidates a connection between AngII stimulus and 25-HC production in primary rat VSMCs. These results potentially lead to the identification and understanding of new mechanisms in the pathogenesis of vascular impairments.
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Martínez-Morales JC, Romero-Ávila MT, Reyes-Cruz G, García-Sáinz JA. Roles of receptor phosphorylation and Rab proteins in G protein-coupled receptor function and trafficking. Mol Pharmacol 2021; 101:144-153. [PMID: 34969830 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.121.000429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The G Protein-Coupled Receptors form the most abundant family of membrane proteins and are crucial physiological players in the homeostatic equilibrium, which we define as health. They also participate in the pathogenesis of many diseases and are frequent targets of therapeutic intervention. Considering their importance, it is not surprising that different mechanisms regulate their function, including desensitization, resensitization, internalization, recycling to the plasma membrane, and degradation. These processes are modulated in a highly coordinated and specific way by protein kinases and phosphatases, ubiquitin ligases, protein adaptors, interaction with multifunctional complexes, molecular motors, phospholipid metabolism, and membrane distribution. This review describes significant advances in the study of the regulation of these receptors by phosphorylation and endosomal traffic (where signaling can take place); we revisited the bar code hypothesis and include two additional observations: a) that different phosphorylation patterns seem to be associated with internalization and endosome sorting for recycling or degradation, and b) that, surprisingly, phosphorylation of some G protein-coupled receptors appears to be required for proper receptor insertion into the plasma membrane. Significance Statement G protein-coupled receptor phosphorylation is an early event in desensitization/ signaling switching, endosomal traffic, and internalization. These events seem crucial for receptor responsiveness, cellular localization, and fate (recycling/ degradation) with important pharmacological/ therapeutic implications. Phosphorylation sites vary depending on the cells in which they are expressed and on the stimulus that leads to such covalent modification. Surprisingly, evidence suggests that phosphorylation also seems to be required for proper insertion into the plasma membrane for some receptors.
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Gém JB, Kovács KB, Szalai L, Szakadáti G, Porkoláb E, Szalai B, Turu G, Tóth AD, Szekeres M, Hunyady L, Balla A. Characterization of Type 1 Angiotensin II Receptor Activation Induced Dual-Specificity MAPK Phosphatase Gene Expression Changes in Rat Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Cells 2021; 10:3538. [PMID: 34944046 PMCID: PMC8700539 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of the type I angiotensin receptor (AT1-R) in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) plays a crucial role in the regulation of blood pressure; however, it is also responsible for the development of pathological conditions such as vascular remodeling, hypertension and atherosclerosis. Stimulation of the VSMC by angiotensin II (AngII) promotes a broad variety of biological effects, including gene expression changes. In this paper, we have taken an integrated approach in which an analysis of AngII-induced gene expression changes has been combined with the use of small-molecule inhibitors and lentiviral-based gene silencing, to characterize the mechanism of signal transduction in response to AngII stimulation in primary rat VSMCs. We carried out Affymetrix GeneChip experiments to analyze the effects of AngII stimulation on gene expression; several genes, including DUSP5, DUSP6, and DUSP10, were identified as upregulated genes in response to stimulation. Since various dual-specificity MAPK phosphatase (DUSP) enzymes are important in the regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, these genes have been selected for further analysis. We investigated the kinetics of gene-expression changes and the possible signal transduction processes that lead to altered expression changes after AngII stimulation. Our data shows that the upregulated genes can be stimulated through multiple and synergistic signal transduction pathways. We have also found in our gene-silencing experiments that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) transactivation is not critical in the AngII-induced expression changes of the investigated genes. Our data can help us understand the details of AngII-induced long-term effects and the pathophysiology of AT1-R. Moreover, it can help to develop potential interventions for those symptoms that are induced by the over-functioning of this receptor, such as vascular remodeling, cardiac hypertrophy or atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janka Borbála Gém
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (J.B.G.); (K.B.K.); (L.S.); (G.S.); (E.P.); (B.S.); (G.T.); (A.D.T.); (M.S.)
| | - Kinga Bernadett Kovács
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (J.B.G.); (K.B.K.); (L.S.); (G.S.); (E.P.); (B.S.); (G.T.); (A.D.T.); (M.S.)
| | - Laura Szalai
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (J.B.G.); (K.B.K.); (L.S.); (G.S.); (E.P.); (B.S.); (G.T.); (A.D.T.); (M.S.)
- MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gyöngyi Szakadáti
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (J.B.G.); (K.B.K.); (L.S.); (G.S.); (E.P.); (B.S.); (G.T.); (A.D.T.); (M.S.)
| | - Edit Porkoláb
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (J.B.G.); (K.B.K.); (L.S.); (G.S.); (E.P.); (B.S.); (G.T.); (A.D.T.); (M.S.)
- MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bence Szalai
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (J.B.G.); (K.B.K.); (L.S.); (G.S.); (E.P.); (B.S.); (G.T.); (A.D.T.); (M.S.)
| | - Gábor Turu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (J.B.G.); (K.B.K.); (L.S.); (G.S.); (E.P.); (B.S.); (G.T.); (A.D.T.); (M.S.)
- MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Dávid Tóth
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (J.B.G.); (K.B.K.); (L.S.); (G.S.); (E.P.); (B.S.); (G.T.); (A.D.T.); (M.S.)
- MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mária Szekeres
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (J.B.G.); (K.B.K.); (L.S.); (G.S.); (E.P.); (B.S.); (G.T.); (A.D.T.); (M.S.)
- Department of Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Hunyady
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (J.B.G.); (K.B.K.); (L.S.); (G.S.); (E.P.); (B.S.); (G.T.); (A.D.T.); (M.S.)
- MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Balla
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (J.B.G.); (K.B.K.); (L.S.); (G.S.); (E.P.); (B.S.); (G.T.); (A.D.T.); (M.S.)
- MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
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Beta-Arrestins in the Treatment of Heart Failure Related to Hypertension: A Comprehensive Review. Pharmaceutics 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060838
expr 929824082 + 956151497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a complicated clinical syndrome that is considered an increasingly frequent reason for hospitalization, characterized by a complex therapeutic regimen, reduced quality of life, and high morbidity. Long-standing hypertension ultimately paves the way for HF. Recently, there have been improvements in the treatment of hypertension and overall management not limited to only conventional medications, but several novel pathways and their pharmacological alteration are also conducive to the treatment of hypertension. Beta-arrestin (β-arrestin), a protein responsible for beta-adrenergic receptors’ (β-AR) functioning and trafficking, has recently been discovered as a potential regulator in hypertension. β-arrestin isoforms, namely β-arrestin1 and β-arrestin2, mainly regulate cardiac function. However, there have been some controversies regarding the function of the two β-arrestins in hypertension regarding HF. In the present review, we try to figure out the paradox between the roles of two isoforms of β-arrestin in the treatment of HF.
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Rakib A, Eva TA, Sami SA, Mitra S, Nafiz IH, Das A, Tareq AM, Nainu F, Dhama K, Emran TB, Simal-Gandara J. Beta-Arrestins in the Treatment of Heart Failure Related to Hypertension: A Comprehensive Review. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13060838. [PMID: 34198801 PMCID: PMC8228839 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a complicated clinical syndrome that is considered an increasingly frequent reason for hospitalization, characterized by a complex therapeutic regimen, reduced quality of life, and high morbidity. Long-standing hypertension ultimately paves the way for HF. Recently, there have been improvements in the treatment of hypertension and overall management not limited to only conventional medications, but several novel pathways and their pharmacological alteration are also conducive to the treatment of hypertension. Beta-arrestin (β-arrestin), a protein responsible for beta-adrenergic receptors’ (β-AR) functioning and trafficking, has recently been discovered as a potential regulator in hypertension. β-arrestin isoforms, namely β-arrestin1 and β-arrestin2, mainly regulate cardiac function. However, there have been some controversies regarding the function of the two β-arrestins in hypertension regarding HF. In the present review, we try to figure out the paradox between the roles of two isoforms of β-arrestin in the treatment of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Rakib
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh; (A.R.); (T.A.E.); (S.A.S.)
| | - Taslima Akter Eva
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh; (A.R.); (T.A.E.); (S.A.S.)
| | - Saad Ahmed Sami
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh; (A.R.); (T.A.E.); (S.A.S.)
| | - Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh;
| | - Iqbal Hossain Nafiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh; (I.H.N.); (A.D.)
| | - Ayan Das
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh; (I.H.N.); (A.D.)
| | - Abu Montakim Tareq
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh;
| | - Firzan Nainu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Tamalanrea, Kota Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan 90245, Indonesia;
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India;
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
- Correspondence: (T.B.E.); (J.S.-G.); Tel.: +880-1819-942214 (T.B.E.); +34-988-387-000 (J.S.G.)
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo–Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain
- Correspondence: (T.B.E.); (J.S.-G.); Tel.: +880-1819-942214 (T.B.E.); +34-988-387-000 (J.S.G.)
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7
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Pfeiffer CT, Wang J, Paulo JA, Jiang X, Gygi SP, Rockman HA. Mapping Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor-Biased Signaling Using Proximity Labeling and Proteomics Identifies Diverse Actions of Biased Agonists. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:3256-3267. [PMID: 33950683 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin II type 1 receptors (AT1Rs) are one of the most widely studied G-protein-coupled receptors. To fully appreciate the diversity in cellular signaling profiles activated by AT1R transducer-biased ligands, we utilized peroxidase-catalyzed proximity labeling to capture proteins in close proximity to AT1Rs in response to six different ligands: angiotensin II (full agonist), S1I8 (partial agonist), TRV055 and TRV056 (G-protein-biased agonists), and TRV026 and TRV027 (β-arrestin-biased agonists) at 90 s, 10 min, and 60 min after stimulation (ProteomeXchange Identifier PXD023814). We systematically analyzed the kinetics of AT1R trafficking and determined that distinct ligands lead AT1R to different cellular compartments for downstream signaling activation and receptor degradation/recycling. Distinct proximity labeling of proteins from a number of functional classes, including GTPases, adaptor proteins, and kinases, was activated by different ligands suggesting unique signaling and physiological roles of the AT1R. Ligands within the same class, that is, either G-protein-biased or β-arrestin-biased, shared high similarity in their labeling profiles. A comparison between ligand classes revealed distinct signaling activation such as greater labeling by G-protein-biased ligands on ESCRT-0 complex proteins that act as the sorting machinery for ubiquitinated proteins. Our study provides a comprehensive analysis of AT1R receptor-trafficking kinetics and signaling activation profiles induced by distinct classes of ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conrad T Pfeiffer
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Jialu Wang
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Joao A Paulo
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Xue Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Steven P Gygi
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Howard A Rockman
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
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Moo EV, van Senten JR, Bräuner-Osborne H, Møller TC. Arrestin-Dependent and -Independent Internalization of G Protein-Coupled Receptors: Methods, Mechanisms, and Implications on Cell Signaling. Mol Pharmacol 2021; 99:242-255. [PMID: 33472843 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.120.000192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Agonist-induced endocytosis is a key regulatory mechanism for controlling the responsiveness of the cell by changing the density of cell surface receptors. In addition to the role of endocytosis in signal termination, endocytosed G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been found to signal from intracellular compartments of the cell. Arrestins are generally believed to be the master regulators of GPCR endocytosis by binding to both phosphorylated receptors and adaptor protein 2 (AP-2) or clathrin, thus recruiting receptors to clathrin-coated pits to facilitate the internalization process. However, many other functions have been described for arrestins that do not relate to their role in terminating signaling. Additionally, there are now more than 30 examples of GPCRs that internalize independently of arrestins. Here we review the methods, pharmacological tools, and cellular backgrounds used to determine the role of arrestins in receptor internalization, highlighting their advantages and caveats. We also summarize key examples of arrestin-independent GPCR endocytosis in the literature and their suggested alternative endocytosis pathway (e.g., the caveolae-dependent and fast endophilin-mediated endocytosis pathways). Finally, we consider the possible function of arrestins recruited to GPCRs that are endocytosed independently of arrestins, including the catalytic arrestin activation paradigm. Technological improvements in recent years have advanced the field further, and, combined with the important implications of endocytosis on drug responses, this makes endocytosis an obvious parameter to include in molecular pharmacological characterization of ligand-GPCR interactions. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) endocytosis is an important means to terminate receptor signaling, and arrestins play a central role in the widely accepted classical paradigm of GPCR endocytosis. In contrast to the canonical arrestin-mediated internalization, an increasing number of GPCRs are found to be endocytosed via alternate pathways, and the process appears more diverse than the previously defined "one pathway fits all."
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Affiliation(s)
- Ee Von Moo
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jeffrey R van Senten
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hans Bräuner-Osborne
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thor C Møller
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Turu G, Soltész-Katona E, Tóth AD, Juhász C, Cserző M, Misák Á, Balla A, Caron MG, Hunyady L. Biased Coupling to β-Arrestin of Two Common Variants of the CB 2 Cannabinoid Receptor. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:714561. [PMID: 34484125 PMCID: PMC8415483 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.714561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
β-arrestins are partners of the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), regulating their intracellular trafficking and signaling. Development of biased GPCR agonists, selectively targeting either G protein or β-arrestin pathways, are in the focus of interest due to their therapeutic potential in different pathological conditions. The CB2 cannabinoid receptor (CB2R) is a GPCR involved in various functions in the periphery and the central nervous system. Two common occurring variants of CB2R, harboring Q63R or L133I missense mutations, have been implicated in the development of a diverse set of disorders. To evaluate the effect of these mutations, we characterized the binding profile of these mutant CB2 receptors to G proteins and β-arrestin2. Although their ability to inhibit cAMP signaling was similar, the Q63R mutant had increased, whereas the L133I mutant receptor had decreased β-arrestin2 binding. In line with these observations, the variants also had altered intracellular trafficking. Our results show that two common variants of the CB2 receptor have biased signaling properties, which may contribute to the pathogenesis of the associated disorders and may offer CB2R as a target for further development of biased receptor activation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Turu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- *Correspondence: Gábor Turu, ; László Hunyady,
| | - Eszter Soltész-Katona
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Dávid Tóth
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Cintia Juhász
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miklós Cserző
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám Misák
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Balla
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marc G. Caron
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - László Hunyady
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- *Correspondence: Gábor Turu, ; László Hunyady,
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10
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Tóth AD, Garger D, Prokop S, Soltész-Katona E, Várnai P, Balla A, Turu G, Hunyady L. A general method for quantifying ligand binding to unmodified receptors using Gaussia luciferase. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100366. [PMID: 33545176 PMCID: PMC7950324 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Reliable measurement of ligand binding to cell surface receptors is of outstanding biological and pharmacological importance. Resonance energy transfer-based assays are powerful approaches to achieve this goal, but the currently available methods are hindered by the necessity of receptor tagging, which can potentially alter ligand binding properties. Therefore, we developed a tag-free system to measure ligand‒receptor interactions in live cells using the Gaussia luciferase (GLuc) as a bioluminescence resonance energy transfer donor. GLuc is as small as the commonly applied Nanoluciferase but has enhanced brightness, and its proper substrate is the frequently used coelenterazine. In our assay, bystander bioluminescence resonance energy transfer is detected between a GLuc-based extracellular surface biosensor and fluorescent ligands bound to their unmodified receptors. The broad spectrum of applications includes equilibrium and kinetic ligand binding measurements for both labeled and competitive unlabeled ligands, and the assay can be utilized for different classes of plasma membrane receptors. Furthermore, the assay is suitable for high-throughput screening, as evidenced by the identification of novel α1 adrenergic receptor ligands. Our data demonstrate that GLuc-based biosensors provide a simple, sensitive, and cost-efficient platform for drug characterization and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Dávid Tóth
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dániel Garger
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Susanne Prokop
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Szentágothai János Doctoral School of Neuroscience, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter Soltész-Katona
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Várnai
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Balla
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Turu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Hunyady
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, Hungary.
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11
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de-Los-Santos-Cocotle G, Martínez-Morales JC, Romero-Ávila MT, Reyes-Cruz G, García-Sáinz JA. Effects of agonists and phorbol esters on α 1A-adrenergic receptor-Rab protein interactions. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 885:173423. [PMID: 32750368 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In a cell line, stably expressing α1A-adrenoceptors fused to the mCherry red fluorescent protein, noradrenaline, methoxamine, and oxymetazoline induced concentration-dependent increases in intracellular calcium. All of these agents increase α1A-adrenoceptor phosphorylation and internalization. Transient co-expression of these receptors with Rab proteins tagged with the enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein was employed to estimate α1A-adrenoceptor-Rab interaction using Förster Resonance Energy Transfer. Noradrenaline and methoxamine increased α1A-adrenoceptor interaction with Rab5 and Rab7 but did not modify it with Rab9. Oxymetazoline induced adrenoceptor interaction with Rab5 and Rab9 and only an insignificant increase in Rab7 signal. Phorbol myristate acetate increased α1A-adrenoceptor interaction with Rab5 and Rab9 but did not modify it with Rab7. The agonists and the active phorbol ester, all of which induce receptor phosphorylation and internalization, favor receptor interaction with Rab5, i.e., association with early endosomes. Cell stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate induced the α1A-adrenoceptors to interact with the late endosomal marker, Rab9, suggesting that the receptors are directed to slow recycling endosomes once they have transited to the Trans-Golgi network to be retrieved to the plasma membrane. The agonists noradrenaline and methoxamine likely induce a faster recycling and might direct some of the adrenoceptors toward degradation and/or very slow recycling to the plasma membrane. Oxymetazoline produced a mixed pattern of interaction with the Rab proteins. These data indicate that α1A-adrenoceptor agonists can trigger different vesicular traffic and receptor fates within the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo de-Los-Santos-Cocotle
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos Martínez-Morales
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - M Teresa Romero-Ávila
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Reyes-Cruz
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional-CINVESTAV, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508; Col, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - J Adolfo García-Sáinz
- Departamento de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
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12
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Rukavina Mikusic NL, Silva MG, Pineda AM, Gironacci MM. Angiotensin Receptors Heterodimerization and Trafficking: How Much Do They Influence Their Biological Function? Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1179. [PMID: 32848782 PMCID: PMC7417933 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
G-protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) are targets for around one third of currently approved and clinical prescribed drugs and represent the largest and most structurally diverse family of transmembrane signaling proteins, with almost 1000 members identified in the human genome. Upon agonist stimulation, GPCRs are internalized and trafficked inside the cell: they may be targeted to different organelles, recycled back to the plasma membrane or be degraded. Once inside the cell, the receptors may initiate other signaling pathways leading to different biological responses. GPCRs’ biological function may also be influenced by interaction with other receptors. Thus, the ultimate cellular response may depend not only on the activation of the receptor from the cell membrane, but also from receptor trafficking and/or the interaction with other receptors. This review is focused on angiotensin receptors and how their biological function is influenced by trafficking and interaction with others receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia L Rukavina Mikusic
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Dpto. Química Biológica, IQUIFIB (UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mauro G Silva
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Dpto. Química Biológica, IQUIFIB (UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Angélica M Pineda
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Dpto. Química Biológica, IQUIFIB (UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariela M Gironacci
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Dpto. Química Biológica, IQUIFIB (UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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13
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Kim N, Ullah I, Chung K, Lee D, Cha MJ, Ban H, Choi CS, Kim S, Hwang KC, Kumar P, Lee SK. Targeted Delivery of Recombinant Heat Shock Protein 27 to Cardiomyocytes Promotes Recovery from Myocardial Infarction. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:2034-2043. [PMID: 32364395 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease, especially myocardial infarction (MI), is the leading cause of death worldwide. Apoptotic mechanisms are thought to play a significant role in cardiomyocyte death after MI. Increased production of heat shock proteins (Hsps) in cardiomyocytes is a normal response to promote tolerance and to reduce cell damage. Hsp27 is considered to be a therapeutic option for the treatment of ischemic heart disease due to its protective effects on hypoxia-induced apoptosis. Despite its antiapoptotic effects, the lack of strategies to deliver Hsp27 to the heart tissue in vivo limits its clinical applicability. In this study, we utilized an antibody against the angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor, which is expressed immediately after ischemia/reperfusion in the heart of MI rats. To achieve cardiomyocyte-targeted Hsp27 delivery after ischemia/reperfusion, we employed the immunoglobulin-binding dimer ZZ, a modified domain of protein A, in conjunction with the AT1 receptor antibody. Using the AT1 receptor antibody, we achieved systemic delivery of ZZ-TAT-GFP fusion protein into the heart of MI rats. This approach enabled selective delivery of Hsp27 to cardiomyocytes, rescued cells from apoptosis, reduced the area of fibrosis, and improved cardiac function in the rat MI model, thus suggesting its applicability as a cardiomyocyte-targeted protein delivery system to inhibit apoptosis induced by ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahyeon Kim
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Nanoscience and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea.,Samsung Bioepis, Incheon 21987, Korea
| | - Irfan Ullah
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Nanoscience and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, United States
| | - Kunho Chung
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Nanoscience and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, United States
| | - Dahye Lee
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Nanoscience and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea.,Green Cross Cell Co., Yongin 16924, Korea
| | - Min-Ji Cha
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon 22711, Korea
| | - Hongseok Ban
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Nanoscience and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea.,Ildong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hwaseong 445-710, Korea
| | - Chang Seon Choi
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Nanoscience and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, United States
| | - Sunghwa Kim
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Nanoscience and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea.,LG Household & Health Care, Seoul 150-721, Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon 22711, Korea
| | - Priti Kumar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, United States
| | - Sang-Kyung Lee
- Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Nanoscience and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea
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14
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Forrester SJ, Booz GW, Sigmund CD, Coffman TM, Kawai T, Rizzo V, Scalia R, Eguchi S. Angiotensin II Signal Transduction: An Update on Mechanisms of Physiology and Pathophysiology. Physiol Rev 2018; 98:1627-1738. [PMID: 29873596 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00038.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 585] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays crucial roles in cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology. However, many of the signaling mechanisms have been unclear. The angiotensin II (ANG II) type 1 receptor (AT1R) is believed to mediate most functions of ANG II in the system. AT1R utilizes various signal transduction cascades causing hypertension, cardiovascular remodeling, and end organ damage. Moreover, functional cross-talk between AT1R signaling pathways and other signaling pathways have been recognized. Accumulating evidence reveals the complexity of ANG II signal transduction in pathophysiology of the vasculature, heart, kidney, and brain, as well as several pathophysiological features, including inflammation, metabolic dysfunction, and aging. In this review, we provide a comprehensive update of the ANG II receptor signaling events and their functional significances for potential translation into therapeutic strategies. AT1R remains central to the system in mediating physiological and pathophysiological functions of ANG II, and participation of specific signaling pathways becomes much clearer. There are still certain limitations and many controversies, and several noteworthy new concepts require further support. However, it is expected that rigorous translational research of the ANG II signaling pathways including those in large animals and humans will contribute to establishing effective new therapies against various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Forrester
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - George W Booz
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Curt D Sigmund
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Thomas M Coffman
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Tatsuo Kawai
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Victor Rizzo
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Rosario Scalia
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Satoru Eguchi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
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15
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Bian J, Zhang S, Yi M, Yue M, Liu H. The mechanisms behind decreased internalization of angiotensin II type 1 receptor. Vascul Pharmacol 2018; 103-105:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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16
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Tóth AD, Turu G, Hunyady L, Balla A. Novel mechanisms of G-protein-coupled receptors functions: AT 1 angiotensin receptor acts as a signaling hub and focal point of receptor cross-talk. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018; 32:69-82. [PMID: 29678287 DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AT1 angiotensin receptor (AT1R), a prototypical G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), is the main receptor, which mediates the effects of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). AT1R plays a crucial role in the regulation of blood pressure and salt-water homeostasis, and in the development of pathological conditions, such as hypertension, heart failure, cardiovascular remodeling, renal fibrosis, inflammation, and metabolic disorders. Stimulation of AT1R leads to pleiotropic signal transduction pathways generating arrays of complex cellular responses. Growing amount of evidence shows that AT1R is a versatile GPCR, which has multiple unique faces with distinct conformations and signaling properties providing new opportunities for functionally selective pharmacological targeting of the receptor. Biased ligands of AT1R have been developed to selectively activate the β-arrestin pathway, which may have therapeutic benefits compared to the conventional angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers. In this review, we provide a summary about the most recent findings and novel aspects of the AT1R function, signaling, regulation, dimerization or oligomerization and its cross-talk with other receptors, including epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor, adrenergic receptors and CB1 cannabinoid receptor. Better understanding of the mechanisms and structural aspects of AT1R activation and cross-talk can lead to the development of novel type of drugs for the treatment of cardiovascular and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- András D Tóth
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Turu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Hunyady
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - András Balla
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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17
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Michel MC, Charlton SJ. Biased Agonism in Drug Discovery-Is It Too Soon to Choose a Path? Mol Pharmacol 2018; 93:259-265. [PMID: 29326242 DOI: 10.1124/mol.117.110890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A single receptor can activate multiple signaling pathways that have distinct or even opposite effects on cell function. Biased agonists stabilize receptor conformations preferentially stimulating one of these pathways, and therefore allow a more targeted modulation of cell function and treatment of disease. Dedicated development of biased agonists has led to promising drug candidates in clinical development, such as the G protein-biased µ opioid receptor agonist oliceridine. However, leveraging the theoretical potential of biased agonism for drug discovery faces several challenges. Some of these challenges are technical, such as techniques for quantitative analysis of bias and development of suitable screening assays; others are more fundamental, such as the need to robustly identify in a very early phase which cell type harbors the cellular target of the drug candidate, which signaling pathway leads to the desired therapeutic effect, and how these pathways may be modulated in the disease to be treated. We conclude that biased agonism has potential mainly in the treatment of conditions with a well-understood pathophysiology; in contrast, it may increase effort and commercial risk under circumstances where the pathophysiology has been less well defined, as is the case with many highly innovative treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin C Michel
- Department of Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany (M.C.M.); Department of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (S.J.C.); and Excellerate Biosciences Ltd., MediCity, Nottingham, United Kingdom (S.J.C.)
| | - Steven J Charlton
- Department of Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany (M.C.M.); Department of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (S.J.C.); and Excellerate Biosciences Ltd., MediCity, Nottingham, United Kingdom (S.J.C.)
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18
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Tóth AD, Prokop S, Gyombolai P, Várnai P, Balla A, Gurevich VV, Hunyady L, Turu G. Heterologous phosphorylation-induced formation of a stability lock permits regulation of inactive receptors by β-arrestins. J Biol Chem 2017; 293:876-892. [PMID: 29146594 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.813139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Arrestins are key regulators and signal transducers of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). The interaction between receptors and β-arrestins is generally believed to require both receptor activity and phosphorylation by GPCR kinases. In this study, we investigated whether β-arrestins are able to bind second messenger kinase-phosphorylated, but inactive receptors as well. Because heterologous phosphorylation is a common phenomenon among GPCRs, this mode of β-arrestin activation may represent a novel mechanism of signal transduction and receptor cross-talk. Here we demonstrate that activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by phorbol myristate acetate, Gq/11-coupled GPCR, or epidermal growth factor receptor stimulation promotes β-arrestin2 recruitment to unliganded AT1 angiotensin receptor (AT1R). We found that this interaction depends on the stability lock, a structure responsible for the sustained binding between GPCRs and β-arrestins, formed by phosphorylated serine-threonine clusters in the receptor's C terminus and two conserved phosphate-binding lysines in the β-arrestin2 N-domain. Using improved FlAsH-based serine-threonine clusters β-arrestin2 conformational biosensors, we also show that the stability lock not only stabilizes the receptor-β-arrestin interaction, but also governs the structural rearrangements within β-arrestins. Furthermore, we found that β-arrestin2 binds to PKC-phosphorylated AT1R in a distinct active conformation, which triggers MAPK recruitment and receptor internalization. Our results provide new insights into the activation of β-arrestins and reveal their novel role in receptor cross-talk.
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Affiliation(s)
- András D Tóth
- From the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest H-1094, Hungary
| | - Susanne Prokop
- From the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest H-1094, Hungary
| | - Pál Gyombolai
- From the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest H-1094, Hungary.,the MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest H-1094, Hungary, and
| | - Péter Várnai
- From the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest H-1094, Hungary.,the MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest H-1094, Hungary, and
| | - András Balla
- From the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest H-1094, Hungary.,the MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest H-1094, Hungary, and
| | - Vsevolod V Gurevich
- the Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - László Hunyady
- From the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest H-1094, Hungary, .,the MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest H-1094, Hungary, and
| | - Gábor Turu
- From the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest H-1094, Hungary.,the MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest H-1094, Hungary, and
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19
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Gulyás G, Radvánszki G, Matuska R, Balla A, Hunyady L, Balla T, Várnai P. Plasma membrane phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate and 4,5-bisphosphate determine the distribution and function of K-Ras4B but not H-Ras proteins. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:18862-18877. [PMID: 28939768 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.806679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma membrane (PM) localization of Ras proteins is crucial for transmitting signals upon mitogen stimulation. Post-translational lipid modification of Ras proteins plays an important role in their recruitment to the PM. Electrostatic interactions between negatively charged PM phospholipids and basic amino acids found in K-Ras4B (K-Ras) but not in H-Ras are important for permanent K-Ras localization to the PM. Here, we investigated how acute depletion of negatively charged PM polyphosphoinositides (PPIns) from the PM alters the intracellular distribution and activity of K- and H-Ras proteins. PPIns depletion from the PM was achieved either by agonist-induced activation of phospholipase C β or with a rapamycin-inducible system in which various phosphatidylinositol phosphatases were recruited to the PM. Redistribution of the two Ras proteins was monitored with confocal microscopy or with a recently developed bioluminescence resonance energy transfer-based approach involving fusion of the Ras C-terminal targeting sequences or the entire Ras proteins to Venus fluorescent protein. We found that PM PPIns depletion caused rapid translocation of K-Ras but not H-Ras from the PM to the Golgi. PM depletion of either phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns4P) or PtdIns(4,5)P2 but not PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 was sufficient to evoke K-Ras translocation. This effect was diminished by deltarasin, an inhibitor of the Ras-phosphodiesterase interaction, or by simultaneous depletion of the Golgi PtdIns4P. The PPIns depletion decreased incorporation of [3H]leucine in K-Ras-expressing cells, suggesting that Golgi-localized K-Ras is not as signaling-competent as its PM-bound form. We conclude that PPIns in the PM are important regulators of K-Ras-mediated signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergő Gulyás
- From the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest 1094, Hungary
| | - Glória Radvánszki
- From the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest 1094, Hungary
| | - Rita Matuska
- From the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest 1094, Hungary
| | - András Balla
- From the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest 1094, Hungary.,MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest 1094, Hungary, and
| | - László Hunyady
- From the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest 1094, Hungary.,MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest 1094, Hungary, and
| | - Tamas Balla
- Section on Molecular Signal Transduction, Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHD, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Péter Várnai
- From the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest 1094, Hungary,
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Ferrão FM, Cardoso LHD, Drummond HA, Li XC, Zhuo JL, Gomes DS, Lara LS, Vieyra A, Lowe J. Luminal ANG II is internalized as a complex with AT 1R/AT 2R heterodimers to target endoplasmic reticulum in LLC-PK 1 cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2017; 313:F440-F449. [PMID: 28468964 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00261.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
ANG II has many biological effects in renal physiology, particularly in Ca2+ handling in the regulation of fluid and solute reabsorption. It involves the systemic endocrine renin-angiotensin system (RAS), but tissue and intracrine ANG II are also known. We have shown that ANG II induces heterodimerization of its AT1 and AT2 receptors (AT1R and AT2R) to stimulate sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) activity. Thus, we investigated whether ANG II-AT1R/AT2R complex is formed and internalized, and also examined the intracellular localization of this complex to determine how its effect might be exerted on renal intracrine RAS. Living cell imaging of LLC-PK1 cells, quantification of extracellular ANG II, and use of the receptor antagonists, losartan and PD123319, showed that ANG II is internalized with AT1R/AT2R heterodimers as a complex in a microtubule-dependent and clathrin-independent manner, since colchicine-but not Pitstop2-blocked this process. This result was confirmed by an increase of β-arrestin phosphorylation after ANG II treatment, clathrin-mediated endocytosis being dependent on dephosphorylation of β-arrestin. Internalized ANG II colocalized with an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) marker and increased levels of AT1R, AT2R, and PKCα in ER-enriched membrane fractions. This novel evidence suggests the internalization of an ANG II-AT1/AT2 complex to target ER, where it might trigger intracellular Ca2+ responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda M Ferrão
- Laboratório de Físico-Química Biológica Aída Hassón-Voloch, Instituto de Biofísica Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luiza H D Cardoso
- Laboratório de Físico-Química Biológica Aída Hassón-Voloch, Instituto de Biofísica Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Heather A Drummond
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics and the Center for Excellence in Cardiovascular-Renal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Xiao C Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Jia L Zhuo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Dayene S Gomes
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucienne S Lara
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Vieyra
- Laboratório de Físico-Química Biológica Aída Hassón-Voloch, Instituto de Biofísica Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Centro Nacional de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; and.,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jennifer Lowe
- Laboratório de Físico-Química Biológica Aída Hassón-Voloch, Instituto de Biofísica Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; .,Centro Nacional de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; and
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21
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Tóth AD, Gyombolai P, Szalai B, Várnai P, Turu G, Hunyady L. Angiotensin type 1A receptor regulates β-arrestin binding of the β 2-adrenergic receptor via heterodimerization. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 442:113-124. [PMID: 27908837 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Heterodimerization between angiotensin type 1A receptor (AT1R) and β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) has been shown to modulate G protein-mediated effects of these receptors. Activation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) leads to β-arrestin binding, desensitization, internalization and G protein-independent signaling of GPCRs. Our aim was to study the effect of heterodimerization on β-arrestin coupling. We found that β-arrestin binding of β2AR is affected by activation of AT1Rs. Costimulation with angiotensin II and isoproterenol markedly enhanced the interaction between β2AR and β-arrestins, by prolonging the lifespan of β2AR-induced β-arrestin2 clusters at the plasma membrane. While candesartan, a conventional AT1R antagonist, had no effect on the β-arrestin2 binding to β2AR, TRV120023, a β-arrestin biased agonist, enhanced the interaction. These findings reveal a new crosstalk mechanism between AT1R and β2AR, and suggest that enhanced β-arrestin2 binding to β2AR can contribute to the pharmacological effects of biased AT1R agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- András D Tóth
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, P. O. Box 2, H-1428 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Pál Gyombolai
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, P. O. Box 2, H-1428 Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bence Szalai
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, P. O. Box 2, H-1428 Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Várnai
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, P. O. Box 2, H-1428 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Turu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, P. O. Box 2, H-1428 Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Hunyady
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, P. O. Box 2, H-1428 Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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22
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Alfonzo-Méndez MA, Hernández-Espinosa DA, Carmona-Rosas G, Romero-Ávila MT, Reyes-Cruz G, García-Sáinz JA. Protein Kinase C Activation Promotes α 1B-Adrenoceptor Internalization and Late Endosome Trafficking through Rab9 Interaction. Role in Heterologous Desensitization. Mol Pharmacol 2017; 91:296-306. [PMID: 28082304 DOI: 10.1124/mol.116.106583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon agonist stimulation, α1B-adrenergic receptors couple to Gq proteins, calcium signaling and protein kinase C activation; subsequently, the receptors are phosphorylated, desensitized, and internalized. Internalization seems to involve scaffolding proteins, such as β-arrestin and clathrin. However, the fine mechanisms that participate remain unsolved. The roles of protein kinase C and the small GTPase, Rab9, in α1B-AR vesicular traffic were investigated by studying α1B-adrenergic receptor-Rab protein interactions, using Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), confocal microscopy, and intracellular calcium quantitation. In human embryonic kidney 293 cells overexpressing Discosoma spp. red fluorescent protein (DsRed)-tagged α1B-ARs and enhanced green fluorescent protein--tagged Rab proteins, pharmacological protein kinase C activation mimicked α1B-AR traffic elicited by nonrelated agents, such as sphingosine 1-phosphate (i.e., transient α1B-AR-Rab5 FRET signal followed by a sustained α1B-AR-Rab9 interaction), suggesting brief receptor localization in early endosomes and transfer to late endosomes. This latter interaction was abrogated by blocking protein kinase C activity, resulting in receptor retention at the plasma membrane. Similar effects were observed when a dominant-negative Rab9 mutant (Rab9-GDP) was employed. When α1B-adrenergic receptors that had been mutated at protein kinase C phosphorylation sites (S396A, S402A) were used, phorbol ester-induced desensitization of the calcium response was markedly decreased; however, interaction with Rab9 was only partially decreased and internalization was observed in response to phorbol esters and sphingosine 1-phosphate. Finally, Rab9-GDP expression did not affect adrenergic-mediated calcium response but abolished receptor traffic and altered desensitization. Data suggest that protein kinase C modulates α1B-adrenergic receptor transfer to late endosomes and that Rab9 regulates this process and participates in G protein-mediated signaling turn-off.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A Alfonzo-Méndez
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México (M.A.A.-M., D.A.H.-E., G.C.-R., M.T.R.-A., J.A.G.-S.) and Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional-CINVESTAV, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México (G.R.-C.)
| | - David A Hernández-Espinosa
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México (M.A.A.-M., D.A.H.-E., G.C.-R., M.T.R.-A., J.A.G.-S.) and Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional-CINVESTAV, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México (G.R.-C.)
| | - Gabriel Carmona-Rosas
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México (M.A.A.-M., D.A.H.-E., G.C.-R., M.T.R.-A., J.A.G.-S.) and Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional-CINVESTAV, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México (G.R.-C.)
| | - M Teresa Romero-Ávila
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México (M.A.A.-M., D.A.H.-E., G.C.-R., M.T.R.-A., J.A.G.-S.) and Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional-CINVESTAV, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México (G.R.-C.)
| | - Guadalupe Reyes-Cruz
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México (M.A.A.-M., D.A.H.-E., G.C.-R., M.T.R.-A., J.A.G.-S.) and Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional-CINVESTAV, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México (G.R.-C.)
| | - J Adolfo García-Sáinz
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México (M.A.A.-M., D.A.H.-E., G.C.-R., M.T.R.-A., J.A.G.-S.) and Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional-CINVESTAV, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México (G.R.-C.)
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23
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Lee KO, Khoo CM, Chowbay B, Chan YH, Sim MK. A Single Dose-Escalation Study to Evaluate the Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Orally Administered Des-Aspartate Angiotensin I in Healthy Subjects. Drugs R D 2016; 16:317-326. [PMID: 27681888 PMCID: PMC5114201 DOI: 10.1007/s40268-016-0143-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Des-aspartate-angiotensin I (DAA-I) is an endogenous angiotensin peptide and a prototype angiotensin receptor agonist (ARA). It acts on the angiotensin AT1 receptor and antagonises the deleterious actions of angiotensin II. DAA-I attenuates animal models of human disease in which angiotensin II has been implicated, such as cardiac hypertrophy, neointima formation, arteriosclerosis, renal failure, post-infarction injuries, diabetes, viral infection, chemical-induced inflammation, heat stroke, cancer, and gamma radiation lethality. DAA-I crosses Caco-2 cells and is effective at sub-nanomolar concentrations. These two properties are responsible for its oral efficacy. A single dose-escalation study was conducted to evaluate the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of orally administered DAA-I in 18 healthy subjects. DAA-I was safe and well tolerated by the subjects, who were administered either 0.08, 0.70 or 1.50 mg/kg of the compound. The heart rate and systolic and diastolic blood pressures determined at each post-dose measurement remained within the clinically acceptable range. Across all cohorts, DAA-I had no substantial effect on blood pressures compared with placebo. Electrocardiographs (ECGs) were normal, and none of the subjects complained of chest discomfort. All clinical laboratory tests obtained before and after DAA-I and placebo treatment were normal. Pharmacokinetic analysis over a 12-h period following DAA-I administration did not show any increase of its level beyond basal concentration. This is in line with studies showing that intravenously administered DAA-I is rapidly metabolized and has a short half-life. We postulate that, during its short systemic sojourn, DAA-I exerts its actions via biased agonism on the angiotensin AT1 receptor. The ClinicalTrial.gov assignment number for this study is NCT02666196.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko-Onn Lee
- Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block Level 10, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Chin-Meng Khoo
- Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block Level 10, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Balram Chowbay
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Division of Medical Sciences, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Clinical Pharmacology Core, Sing Health, Singapore, Singapore
- Office of Clinical Sciences, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yiong-Huak Chan
- Biostatistics Unit, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block Level 11, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Meng-Kwoon Sim
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Block MD 3 Level 4 #04-01, 16 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.
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24
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Costa-Neto CM, Parreiras-E-Silva LT, Bouvier M. A Pluridimensional View of Biased Agonism. Mol Pharmacol 2016; 90:587-595. [PMID: 27638872 DOI: 10.1124/mol.116.105940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
When studying G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling and ligand-biased agonism, at least three dimensional spaces must be considered, as follows: 1) the distinct conformations that can be stabilized by different ligands promoting the engagement of different signaling effectors and accessory regulators; 2) the distinct subcellular trafficking that can be conferred by different ligands, which results in spatially distinct signals; and 3) the differential binding kinetics that maintain the receptor in specific conformation and/or subcellular localization for different periods of time, allowing for the engagement of distinct signaling effector subsets. These three pluridimensional aspects of signaling contribute to different faces of functional selectivity and provide a complex, interconnected way to define the signaling profile of each individual ligand acting at GPCRs. In this review, we discuss how each of these aspects may contribute to the diversity of signaling, but also how they shed light on the complexity of data analyses and interpretation. The impact of phenotype variability as a source of signaling diversity, and the influence of novel and more sensitive assays in the detection and analysis of signaling pluridimensionality, is also discussed. Finally, we discuss perspectives for the use of the concept of pluridimensional signaling in drug discovery, in which we highlight future predictive tools that may facilitate the identification of compounds with optimal therapeutic and safety properties based on the signaling signatures of drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio M Costa-Neto
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil (C.M.C.-N., L.T.P.-S.); and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine and Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, University of Montréal, Montréal, Canada (L.T.P.-S., M.B.)
| | - Lucas T Parreiras-E-Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil (C.M.C.-N., L.T.P.-S.); and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine and Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, University of Montréal, Montréal, Canada (L.T.P.-S., M.B.)
| | - Michel Bouvier
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil (C.M.C.-N., L.T.P.-S.); and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine and Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, University of Montréal, Montréal, Canada (L.T.P.-S., M.B.)
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25
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Namkung Y, Le Gouill C, Lukashova V, Kobayashi H, Hogue M, Khoury E, Song M, Bouvier M, Laporte SA. Monitoring G protein-coupled receptor and β-arrestin trafficking in live cells using enhanced bystander BRET. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12178. [PMID: 27397672 PMCID: PMC4942582 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocytosis and intracellular trafficking of receptors are pivotal to maintain physiological functions and drug action; however, robust quantitative approaches are lacking to study such processes in live cells. Here we present new bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) sensors to quantitatively monitor G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and β-arrestin trafficking. These sensors are based on bystander BRET and use the naturally interacting chromophores luciferase (RLuc) and green fluorescent protein (rGFP) from Renilla. The versatility and robustness of this approach are exemplified by anchoring rGFP at the plasma membrane or in endosomes to generate high dynamic spectrometric BRET signals on ligand-promoted recruitment or sequestration of RLuc-tagged proteins to, or from, specific cell compartments, as well as sensitive subcellular BRET imaging for protein translocation visualization. These sensors are scalable to high-throughput formats and allow quantitative pharmacological studies of GPCR trafficking in real time, in live cells, revealing ligand-dependent biased trafficking of receptor/β-arrestin complexes. Cellular signaling processes often involve trafficking of receptors and other proteins between subcellular compartments. Here the authors demonstrate a method based on the concept of Enhanced bystander Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer (EbBRET) that allows efficient real time monitoring of endocytosis and trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Namkung
- Department of Medicine, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (RI-MUHC), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H4A 3J1
| | - Christian Le Gouill
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 1J4
| | - Viktoria Lukashova
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 1J4
| | - Hiroyuki Kobayashi
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 1J4
| | - Mireille Hogue
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 1J4
| | - Etienne Khoury
- Department of Medicine, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (RI-MUHC), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H4A 3J1
| | - Mideum Song
- Department of Medicine, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (RI-MUHC), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H4A 3J1
| | - Michel Bouvier
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 1J4
| | - Stéphane A Laporte
- Department of Medicine, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (RI-MUHC), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H4A 3J1.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3G 1Y6.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 0C7
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26
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Tiulpakov A, White CW, Abhayawardana RS, See HB, Chan AS, Seeber RM, Heng JI, Dedov I, Pavlos NJ, Pfleger KDG. Mutations of Vasopressin Receptor 2 Including Novel L312S Have Differential Effects on Trafficking. Mol Endocrinol 2016; 30:889-904. [PMID: 27355191 PMCID: PMC4965841 DOI: 10.1210/me.2016-1002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nephrogenic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (NSIAD) is a genetic disease first described in 2 unrelated male infants with severe symptomatic hyponatremia. Despite undetectable arginine vasopressin levels, patients have inappropriately concentrated urine resulting in hyponatremia, hypoosmolality, and natriuresis. Here, we describe and functionally characterize a novel vasopressin type 2 receptor (V2R) gain-of-function mutation. An L312S substitution in the seventh transmembrane domain was identified in a boy presenting with water-induced hyponatremic seizures at the age of 5.8 years. We show that, compared with wild-type V2R, the L312S mutation results in the constitutive production of cAMP, indicative of the gain-of-function NSIAD profile. Interestingly, like the previously described F229V and I130N NSIAD-causing mutants, this appears to both occur in the absence of notable constitutive β-arrestin2 recruitment and can be reduced by the inverse agonist Tolvaptan. In addition, to understand the effect of various V2R substitutions on the full receptor "life-cycle," we have used and further developed a bioluminescence resonance energy transfer intracellular localization assay using multiple localization markers validated with confocal microscopy. This allowed us to characterize differences in the constitutive and ligand-induced localization and trafficking profiles of the novel L312S mutation as well as for previously described V2R gain-of-function mutants (NSIAD; R137C and R137L), loss-of-function mutants (nephrogenic diabetes insipidus; R137H, R181C, and M311V), and a putative silent V266A V2R polymorphism. In doing so, we describe differences in trafficking between unique V2R substitutions, even at the same amino acid position, therefore highlighting the value of full and thorough characterization of receptor function beyond simple signaling pathway analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly Tiulpakov
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research (C.W.W., R.S.A., H.B.S., R.M.S., J.I.H., K.D.G.P.), QEII Medical Centre; Centre for Medical Research (C.W.W., R.S.A., H.B.S., R.M.S., J.I.H., K.D.G.P.) and School of Surgery (A.S.C., N.J.P.), The University of Western Australia; and Dimerix Limited (K.D.G.P.), Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia; and Department and Laboratory of Inherited Endocrine Disorders (A.T., I.D.), Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow 117036, Russia
| | - Carl W White
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research (C.W.W., R.S.A., H.B.S., R.M.S., J.I.H., K.D.G.P.), QEII Medical Centre; Centre for Medical Research (C.W.W., R.S.A., H.B.S., R.M.S., J.I.H., K.D.G.P.) and School of Surgery (A.S.C., N.J.P.), The University of Western Australia; and Dimerix Limited (K.D.G.P.), Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia; and Department and Laboratory of Inherited Endocrine Disorders (A.T., I.D.), Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow 117036, Russia
| | - Rekhati S Abhayawardana
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research (C.W.W., R.S.A., H.B.S., R.M.S., J.I.H., K.D.G.P.), QEII Medical Centre; Centre for Medical Research (C.W.W., R.S.A., H.B.S., R.M.S., J.I.H., K.D.G.P.) and School of Surgery (A.S.C., N.J.P.), The University of Western Australia; and Dimerix Limited (K.D.G.P.), Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia; and Department and Laboratory of Inherited Endocrine Disorders (A.T., I.D.), Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow 117036, Russia
| | - Heng B See
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research (C.W.W., R.S.A., H.B.S., R.M.S., J.I.H., K.D.G.P.), QEII Medical Centre; Centre for Medical Research (C.W.W., R.S.A., H.B.S., R.M.S., J.I.H., K.D.G.P.) and School of Surgery (A.S.C., N.J.P.), The University of Western Australia; and Dimerix Limited (K.D.G.P.), Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia; and Department and Laboratory of Inherited Endocrine Disorders (A.T., I.D.), Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow 117036, Russia
| | - Audrey S Chan
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research (C.W.W., R.S.A., H.B.S., R.M.S., J.I.H., K.D.G.P.), QEII Medical Centre; Centre for Medical Research (C.W.W., R.S.A., H.B.S., R.M.S., J.I.H., K.D.G.P.) and School of Surgery (A.S.C., N.J.P.), The University of Western Australia; and Dimerix Limited (K.D.G.P.), Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia; and Department and Laboratory of Inherited Endocrine Disorders (A.T., I.D.), Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow 117036, Russia
| | - Ruth M Seeber
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research (C.W.W., R.S.A., H.B.S., R.M.S., J.I.H., K.D.G.P.), QEII Medical Centre; Centre for Medical Research (C.W.W., R.S.A., H.B.S., R.M.S., J.I.H., K.D.G.P.) and School of Surgery (A.S.C., N.J.P.), The University of Western Australia; and Dimerix Limited (K.D.G.P.), Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia; and Department and Laboratory of Inherited Endocrine Disorders (A.T., I.D.), Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow 117036, Russia
| | - Julian I Heng
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research (C.W.W., R.S.A., H.B.S., R.M.S., J.I.H., K.D.G.P.), QEII Medical Centre; Centre for Medical Research (C.W.W., R.S.A., H.B.S., R.M.S., J.I.H., K.D.G.P.) and School of Surgery (A.S.C., N.J.P.), The University of Western Australia; and Dimerix Limited (K.D.G.P.), Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia; and Department and Laboratory of Inherited Endocrine Disorders (A.T., I.D.), Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow 117036, Russia
| | - Ivan Dedov
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research (C.W.W., R.S.A., H.B.S., R.M.S., J.I.H., K.D.G.P.), QEII Medical Centre; Centre for Medical Research (C.W.W., R.S.A., H.B.S., R.M.S., J.I.H., K.D.G.P.) and School of Surgery (A.S.C., N.J.P.), The University of Western Australia; and Dimerix Limited (K.D.G.P.), Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia; and Department and Laboratory of Inherited Endocrine Disorders (A.T., I.D.), Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow 117036, Russia
| | - Nathan J Pavlos
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research (C.W.W., R.S.A., H.B.S., R.M.S., J.I.H., K.D.G.P.), QEII Medical Centre; Centre for Medical Research (C.W.W., R.S.A., H.B.S., R.M.S., J.I.H., K.D.G.P.) and School of Surgery (A.S.C., N.J.P.), The University of Western Australia; and Dimerix Limited (K.D.G.P.), Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia; and Department and Laboratory of Inherited Endocrine Disorders (A.T., I.D.), Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow 117036, Russia
| | - Kevin D G Pfleger
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research (C.W.W., R.S.A., H.B.S., R.M.S., J.I.H., K.D.G.P.), QEII Medical Centre; Centre for Medical Research (C.W.W., R.S.A., H.B.S., R.M.S., J.I.H., K.D.G.P.) and School of Surgery (A.S.C., N.J.P.), The University of Western Australia; and Dimerix Limited (K.D.G.P.), Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia; and Department and Laboratory of Inherited Endocrine Disorders (A.T., I.D.), Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow 117036, Russia
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