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Schraidt CE, Ackiss AS, Larson WA, Rowe MD, Höök TO, Christie MR. Dispersive currents explain patterns of population connectivity in an ecologically and economically important fish. Evol Appl 2023; 16:1284-1301. [PMID: 37492152 PMCID: PMC10363847 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
How to identify the drivers of population connectivity remains a fundamental question in ecology and evolution. Answering this question can be challenging in aquatic environments where dynamic lake and ocean currents coupled with high levels of dispersal and gene flow can decrease the utility of modern population genetic tools. To address this challenge, we used RAD-Seq to genotype 959 yellow perch (Perca flavescens), a species with an ~40-day pelagic larval duration (PLD), collected from 20 sites circumscribing Lake Michigan. We also developed a novel, integrative approach that couples detailed biophysical models with eco-genetic agent-based models to generate "predictive" values of genetic differentiation. By comparing predictive and empirical values of genetic differentiation, we estimated the relative contributions for known drivers of population connectivity (e.g., currents, behavior, PLD). For the main basin populations (i.e., the largest contiguous portion of the lake), we found that high gene flow led to low overall levels of genetic differentiation among populations (F ST = 0.003). By far the best predictors of genetic differentiation were connectivity matrices that were derived from periods of time when there were strong and highly dispersive currents. Thus, these highly dispersive currents are driving the patterns of population connectivity in the main basin. We also found that populations from the northern and southern main basin are slightly divergent from one another, while those from Green Bay and the main basin are highly divergent (F ST = 0.11). By integrating biophysical and eco-genetic models with genome-wide data, we illustrate that the drivers of population connectivity can be identified in high gene flow systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E. Schraidt
- Department of Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
| | - Amanda S. Ackiss
- Wisconsin Cooperative Fishery Research UnitCollege of Natural ResourcesUniversity of Wisconsin‐Stevens PointStevens PointWisconsinUSA
- U.S. Geological SurveyGreat Lakes Science CenterAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Wesley A. Larson
- National Oceanographic and Atmospheric AdministrationNational Marine Fisheries ServiceAlaska Fisheries Science CenterJuneauAlaskaUSA
| | - Mark D. Rowe
- NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research LaboratoryAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Tomas O. Höök
- Department of Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
- Illinois‐Indiana Sea GrantPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
| | - Mark R. Christie
- Department of Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
- Department of Biological SciencesPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
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2
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Downie AT, Lefevre S, Illing B, Harris J, Jarrold MD, McCormick MI, Nilsson GE, Rummer JL. Rapid physiological and transcriptomic changes associated with oxygen delivery in larval anemonefish suggest a role in adaptation to life on hypoxic coral reefs. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002102. [PMID: 37167194 PMCID: PMC10174562 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Connectivity of coral reef fish populations relies on successful dispersal of a pelagic larval phase. Pelagic larvae must exhibit high swimming abilities to overcome ocean and reef currents, but once settling onto the reef, larvae transition to endure habitats that become hypoxic at night. Therefore, coral reef fish larvae must rapidly and dramatically shift their physiology over a short period of time. Taking an integrative, physiological approach, using swimming respirometry, and examining hypoxia tolerance and transcriptomics, we show that larvae of cinnamon anemonefish (Amphiprion melanopus) rapidly transition between "physiological extremes" at the end of their larval phase. Daily measurements of swimming larval anemonefish over their entire early development show that they initially have very high mass-specific oxygen uptake rates. However, oxygen uptake rates decrease midway through the larval phase. This occurs in conjunction with a switch in haemoglobin gene expression and increased expression of myoglobin, cytoglobin, and neuroglobin, which may all contribute to the observed increase in hypoxia tolerance. Our findings indicate that critical ontogenetic changes in the gene expression of oxygen-binding proteins may underpin the physiological mechanisms needed for successful larval recruitment to reefs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam T Downie
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia
| | - Sjannie Lefevre
- Section for Physiology and Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Björn Illing
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
- Thünen Institute of Fisheries Ecology, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Jessica Harris
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Michael D Jarrold
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Mark I McCormick
- Coastal Marine Field Station, School of Science, University of Waikato, Tauranga, New Zealand
| | - Göran E Nilsson
- Section for Physiology and Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jodie L Rummer
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
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3
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Coleman RR, Kraft DW, Hoban ML, Toonen RJ, Bowen BW. Genomic assessment of larval odyssey: self-recruitment and biased settlement in the Hawaiian surgeonfish Acanthurus triostegus sandvicensis. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2023; 102:581-595. [PMID: 36564830 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The gap between spawning and settlement location of marine fishes, where the larvae occupy an oceanic phase, is a great mystery in both natural history and conservation. Recent genomic approaches provide some resolution, especially in linking parent to offspring with assays of nucleotide polymorphisms. Here, the authors applied this method to the endemic Hawaiian convict tang (Acanthurus triostegus sandvicensis), a surgeonfish with a long pelagic larval stage of c. 54-77 days. They collected 606 adults and 607 juveniles from 23 locations around the island of O'ahu, Hawai'i. Based on 399 single nucleotide polymorphisms, the authors assigned 68 of these juveniles back to a parent (11.2% assignment rate). Each side of the island showed significant population differentiation, with higher levels in the west and north. The west and north sides of the island also had little evidence of recruitment, which may be due to westerly currents in the region or an artefact of uneven sampling. In contrast, the majority of juveniles (94%) sampled along the eastern shore originated on that side of the island, primarily within semi-enclosed Kāne'ohe Bay. Nearly half of the juveniles assigned to parents were found in the southern part of Kāne'ohe Bay, with local settlement likely facilitated by extended water residence time. Several instances of self-recruitment, when juveniles return to their natal location, were observed along the eastern and southern shores. Cumulatively, these findings indicate that most dispersal is between adjacent regions on the eastern and southern shores. Regional management efforts for Acanthurus triostegus and possibly other reef fishes will be effective only with collaboration among adjacent coastal communities, consistent with the traditional moku system of native Hawaiian resource management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard R Coleman
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Derek W Kraft
- Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai'i, Kāne'ohe, Hawai'i, USA
| | - Mykle L Hoban
- Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai'i, Kāne'ohe, Hawai'i, USA
| | - Robert J Toonen
- Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai'i, Kāne'ohe, Hawai'i, USA
| | - Brian W Bowen
- Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai'i, Kāne'ohe, Hawai'i, USA
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4
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Fitz KS, Montes HR, Thompson DM, Pinsky ML. Isolation-by-distance and isolation-by-oceanography in Maroon Anemonefish ( Amphiprion biaculeatus). Evol Appl 2023; 16:379-392. [PMID: 36793687 PMCID: PMC9923474 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Obtaining dispersal estimates for a species is key to understanding local adaptation and population dynamics and to implementing conservation actions. Genetic isolation-by-distance (IBD) patterns can be used for estimating dispersal, and these patterns are especially useful for marine species in which few other methods are available. In this study, we genotyped coral reef fish (Amphiprion biaculeatus) at 16 microsatellite loci across eight sites across 210 km in the central Philippines to generate fine-scale estimates of dispersal. All sites except for one followed IBD patterns. Using IBD theory, we estimated a larval dispersal kernel spread of 8.9 km (95% confidence interval of 2.3-18.4 km). Genetic distance to the remaining site correlated strongly with the inverse probability of larval dispersal from an oceanographic model. Ocean currents were a better explanation for genetic distance at large spatial extents (sites greater than 150 km apart), while geographic distance remained the best explanation for spatial extents less than 150 km. Our study demonstrates the utility of combining IBD patterns with oceanographic simulations to understand connectivity in marine environments and to guide marine conservation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyra S Fitz
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Natural Resources Rutgers University New Brunswick New Jersey USA
| | - Humberto R Montes
- Institute of Tropical Ecology and Environmental Management Visayas State University Baybay City Philippines
| | - Diane M Thompson
- Department of Geosciences University of Arizona Tucson Arizona USA
| | - Malin L Pinsky
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Natural Resources Rutgers University New Brunswick New Jersey USA
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5
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Schlatter E, Klawon C, Webb C, Buston P. Heritability of dispersal‐related larval traits in the clown anemonefish
Amphiprion percula. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9541. [PMCID: PMC9702578 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Colleen Webb
- Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA
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6
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Naaykens T, D’Aloia CC. Isolation‐by‐distance and genetic parentage analysis provide similar larval dispersal estimates. Mol Ecol 2022; 31:3072-3082. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.16465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Naaykens
- Department of Biological Sciences University of New Brunswick – Saint John 100 Tucker Park Road NB E2L 4L5 Canada
| | - C. C. D’Aloia
- Department of Biology University of Toronto Mississauga 3359 Mississauga Road Mississauga ON L5L 1C6 Canada
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7
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Lin YJ, Roa-Ureta RH, Pulikkoden ARK, Premlal P, Nazeer Z, Qurban MA, Rabaoui L. Essential fish habitats of demersal fish in the western Arabian Gulf. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 173:113013. [PMID: 34627033 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Information about habitats occupied by aquatic organisms while completing critical stages of their lives, called essential fish habitats, is crucial for their sustainability. In this work, we determine essential fish habitats (nursery and spawning grounds) of several fish species inhabiting Saudi territorial waters in the western Arabian Gulf using data from multiple surveys (2013-2016), geostatistics, and indicator species analysis. We built geostatistical maps of spatial distributions of juvenile and mature fish and examined the strength of association of each species to its observed nursery and spawning areas. Fish nursery areas were generally located in nearshore locations while spawning areas were located in offshore waters. The patterns of nursery and spawning grounds were highly varied among species, supporting a hypothesis of habitat-species heterogeneity: different species use different locations as nursery and spawning grounds. This information can be used as a roadmap for future evidence-based spatial planning and ecosystem-based management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jia Lin
- Marine Studies Section, Center for Environment and Water, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Abdu Rahiman Kambrath Pulikkoden
- Marine Studies Section, Center for Environment and Water, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Panickan Premlal
- Marine Studies Section, Center for Environment and Water, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zahid Nazeer
- Marine Studies Section, Center for Environment and Water, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A Qurban
- Marine Studies Section, Center for Environment and Water, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia; College of Petroleum Engineering and Geosciences, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lotfi Rabaoui
- Marine Studies Section, Center for Environment and Water, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Hamilton RJ, Lozano‐Cortés D, Bode M, Almany G, Harrison HB, Pita J, Saenz‐Agudelo P, Gereniu C, Waldie PA, Peterson N, Choat JH, Berumen ML. Larval dispersal and fishing pressure influence recruitment in a coral reef fishery. J Appl Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.14027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard J. Hamilton
- The Nature Conservancy Asia Pacific Resource Centre South Brisbane Queensland Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies James Cook University Townsville Queensland Australia
| | - Diego Lozano‐Cortés
- Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Red Sea Research Center King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael Bode
- School of Mathematical Sciences Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Australia
| | - Glenn R. Almany
- Laboratoire d'Excellence “CORAIL” CRIOBE USR 3278, CNRS–EPHE–UPVD Perpignan Cedex France
| | - Hugo B. Harrison
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies James Cook University Townsville Queensland Australia
- Australian Institute of Marine Science Townsville Queensland Australia
| | - John Pita
- The Nature Conservancy Isabel Environmental Office Buala Solomon Islands
| | - Pablo Saenz‐Agudelo
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Austral de Chile Valdivia Chile
| | - Collin Gereniu
- Solomon Islands National University Honiara Solomon Islands
| | - Pete A. Waldie
- The Nature Conservancy Asia Pacific Resource Centre South Brisbane Queensland Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies James Cook University Townsville Queensland Australia
| | - Nate Peterson
- The Nature Conservancy Asia Pacific Resource Centre South Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - John Howard Choat
- College of Science and Engineering James Cook University Townsville Queensland Australia
| | - Michael L. Berumen
- Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Red Sea Research Center King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia
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9
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Mazzei R, Rubenstein DR. Larval ecology, dispersal, and the evolution of sociality in the sea. Ethology 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.13195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Renata Mazzei
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology Columbia University New York NY USA
| | - Dustin R. Rubenstein
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology Columbia University New York NY USA
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10
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Pattrick P, Weidberg N, Goschen WS, Jackson JM, McQuaid CD, Porri F. Larval Fish Assemblage Structure at Coastal Fronts and the Influence of Environmental Variability. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.684502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the coastal zone, oceanographic features, such as fronts, can have major effects on the abundance and distribution of larval fish. We investigated the effects of fronts on larval fish assemblages by jointly collecting physical (ADCP and CTD) and biological (larvae) data in the nearshore waters of the south coast of South Africa, on four separate neap-tide occasions. Accumulation of fish larvae at predominantly internal wave-associated fronts was observed, with higher larval densities inshore of and within the front than farther offshore. On each occasion, larvae of coastal species with pelagic eggs (Mugillidae and Sparidae) were numerically dominant at the front itself, while inshore of the front, larvae of coastal species with benthic eggs (Gobiesocidae and Gobiidae) were more abundant. Offshore catches mainly comprised Engraulidae (pelagic species with pelagic eggs) larvae, which were generally restricted to the bottom, where current velocities were onshore on each occasion. On the occasion when fast (>100 cm/s) currents prevailed, however, accumulation of the larvae of coastal species occurred offshore of the front, and larvae were mixed throughout the water column. Thus, larval occurrence at these coastal frontal systems was strongly affected by the degree of mixing by currents, which on most occasions resulted in onshore retention. The results underline the importance of frontal systems in determining the nearshore distributions of fish larvae, particularly by retaining coastal fish species in the inshore region. The environmental variability observed at these frontal systems has potential implications for larval connectivity of fish populations.
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11
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Saenz-Agudelo P, Harrison HB. Stochastic nature of larval dispersal at sea. Mol Ecol 2021; 30:2197-2198. [PMID: 33887085 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The movement of individuals across landscapes remains a fundamental process in population and community ecology. All species have developed a capacity to disperse but this process remains elusive in organisms with complex life-cycles, and none more so than in the marine environment. Here, most organisms have developed a two-phased life-cycle, leaving the risky business of dispersing through the open ocean to their very small and intractable larval offspring. To this day, quantifying dispersal patterns in marine seascapes remains a significant challenge, and yet it is critical to the way we preserve marine ecosystems and the services they provide. In this issue of Molecular Ecology, Catalano et al. (2021) present one of the first longitudinal studies to demonstrate the stochastic nature of larval dispersal. Their work challenges some of our current ideas about marine population connectivity and provides new methodological insights to study its temporal dimension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Saenz-Agudelo
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.,ANID-Millennium Science Initiative Programme, Millennium Nucleus for the Ecology and Conservation of Temperate Mesophotic Reef Ecosystems (NUTME), Las Cruces, Chile
| | - Hugo B Harrison
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.,Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD, Australia
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12
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Schalm G, Bruns K, Drachenberg N, Geyer N, Foulkes NS, Bertolucci C, Gerlach G. Finding Nemo's clock reveals switch from nocturnal to diurnal activity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6801. [PMID: 33762724 PMCID: PMC7990958 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86244-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Timing mechanisms play a key role in the biology of coral reef fish. Typically, fish larvae leave their reef after hatching, stay for a period in the open ocean before returning to the reef for settlement. During this dispersal, larvae use a time-compensated sun compass for orientation. However, the timing of settlement and how coral reef fish keep track of time via endogenous timing mechanisms is poorly understood. Here, we have studied the behavioural and genetic basis of diel rhythms in the clown anemonefish Amphiprion ocellaris. We document a behavioural shift from nocturnal larvae to diurnal adults, while juveniles show an intermediate pattern of activity which potentially indicates flexibility in the timing of settlement on a host anemone. qRTPCR analysis of six core circadian clock genes (bmal1, clocka, cry1b, per1b, per2, per3) reveals rhythmic gene expression patterns that are comparable in larvae and juveniles, and so do not reflect the corresponding activity changes. By establishing an embryonic cell line, we demonstrate that clown anemonefish possess an endogenous clock with similar properties to that of the zebrafish circadian clock. Furthermore, our study provides a first basis to study the multi-layered interaction of clocks from fish, anemones and their zooxanthellae endosymbionts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Schalm
- Institute of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heerstr. 114-118, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany.
| | - Kristina Bruns
- Institute of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heerstr. 114-118, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Nina Drachenberg
- Institute of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heerstr. 114-118, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Nathalie Geyer
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems (IBCS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Nicholas S Foulkes
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems (IBCS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Cristiano Bertolucci
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
- Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Napoli, Villa Comunale, 80121, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriele Gerlach
- Institute of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heerstr. 114-118, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity (HIFMB), Ammerländer Heerstr. 231, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
- Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies and School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
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13
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Allan BJM, Ray JL, Tiedemann M, Komyakova V, Vikebø F, Skaar KS, Stiasny MH, Folkvord A, Nash RDM, Stenevik EK, Kjesbu OS. Quantitative molecular detection of larval Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) in stomach contents of Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) marks regions of predation pressure. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5095. [PMID: 33658658 PMCID: PMC7970838 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84545-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mortality rates in the early life-history stages of fishes are generally high yet identifying the causes remain unclear. Faltering recruitment rates of Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) in the Norwegian Sea indicate a need to identify which mortality factors influence larval herring survival. Previous research suggests that increased predation pressure by Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) may contribute to the disconnect between spawning stock biomass and recruitment. To quantify the contribution of predation pressure by Atlantic mackerel to herring larval mortality, two research cruises were conducted within a probable “hot spot” (67–72° N) for intensified mackerel predation based on particle drift simulations. Mackerel stomach contents were analysed for herring larvae content using droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) with a quantitative molecular detection assay specific for herring. The ddPCR results demonstrate clear predation by mackerel on herring larvae and also suggest that the alternative use of visual examination may give misleading results. Our results show that mackerel should be considered a potentially important predator on herring larvae. The quantitative molecular assay presented here shows great promise as an efficient and specific tool to correctly identify and quantify predation pressure on early life-history stages of fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridie Jean Marie Allan
- Institute for Marine Research, 5817, Bergen, Norway. .,Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand. .,Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand.
| | - Jessica Louise Ray
- NORCE Norwegian Research Centre AS, NORCE Environment, 5008, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Valeriya Komyakova
- Institute for Marine Research, 5817, Bergen, Norway.,Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia
| | - Frode Vikebø
- Institute for Marine Research, 5817, Bergen, Norway
| | | | | | - Arild Folkvord
- Institute for Marine Research, 5817, Bergen, Norway.,University of Bergen, 5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Richard D M Nash
- Institute for Marine Research, 5817, Bergen, Norway.,Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Lowestoft, NR33 0HT, Suffolk, UK
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14
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Rueger T, Buston PM, Bogdanowicz SM, Wong MY. Genetic relatedness in social groups of the emerald coral goby Paragobiodon xanthosoma creates potential for weak kin selection. Mol Ecol 2021; 30:1311-1321. [PMID: 33459427 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Animals forming social groups that include breeders and nonbreeders present evolutionary paradoxes; why do breeders tolerate nonbreeders? And why do nonbreeders tolerate their situation? Both paradoxes are often explained with kin selection. Kin selection is, however, assumed to play little or no role in social group formation of marine organisms with dispersive larval phases. Yet, in some marine organisms, recent evidence suggests small-scale patterns of relatedness, meaning that this assumption must always be tested. Here, we investigated the genetic relatedness of social groups of the emerald coral goby, Paragobiodon xanthosoma. We genotyped 73 individuals from 16 groups in Kimbe Bay, Papua New Guinea, at 20 microsatellite loci and estimated pairwise relatedness among all individuals. We found that estimated pairwise relatedness among individuals within groups was significantly higher than the pairwise relatedness among individuals from the same reef, and pairwise relatedness among individuals from the same reef was significantly higher than the pairwise relatedness among individuals from different reefs. This spatial signature suggests that there may be very limited dispersal in this species. The slightly positive relatedness within groups creates the potential for weak kin selection, which may help to resolve the paradox of why breeders tolerate subordinates in P. xanthosoma. The other paradox, why nonbreeders tolerate their situation, is better explained by alternative hypotheses such as territory inheritance, and ecological and social constraints. We show that even in marine animals with dispersive larval phases, kin selection needs to be considered to explain the evolution of complex social groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Rueger
- Department of Biology and Marine Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
| | - Peter M Buston
- Department of Biology and Marine Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steven M Bogdanowicz
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Marian Y Wong
- Centre for Sustainable Ecosystems Solutions, School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
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15
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Leung PTY, Ma KY, Liu M, Planes S, de Mitcheson YS. Population Genetic Structure of A Marine Pelagic Egg Producer and Popular Marine Aquarium Species, the Mandarinfish Synchiropus splendidus. Zool Stud 2020; 59:e68. [PMID: 34140985 PMCID: PMC8181157 DOI: 10.6620/zs.2020.59-68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The mandarinfish Synchiropus splendidus is extensively collected in Southeast Asia (mainly in the Philippines) and highly favoured for the marine aquarium trade. Males are more popular than females for their large first dorsal fins and the fishery is not managed. To examine possible population replenishment dynamics arising as a result of selective fishing, the effects of sex-selective fishing on sex ratios and population connectivity were considered. This study determined the sex ratios and analyzed the population genetic structure from mandarinfish collected at six locations: one from Palau, where the species is not exploited, and five from Bohol in the Philippines, where the species has long been heavily fished. The findings reported very low male to female ratios (0.12 to 0.30) from four of the five locations in Bohol, with relatively more males to females in the specimens collected from Palau (2.3). The analyses from allozymes (43 alleles from 10 loci) and microsatellites (118 alleles from 5 loci) revealed that genetic connectivity was high among the five locations in the Philippines as well as with the specimens collected from the more-distant Palau. The genetic homogeneity observed across the geographical range considered is inconsistent with the hypothesized limited dispersal ability of the species and could be explained by recent species range expansion associated with sea level rise in the region. The results suggest that the present genetic structure, at least in the geographic region considered, may not be determined by current patterns of gene flow, but may, instead, be driven by recent sea-level changes associated with periods of glaciation. Caution is suggested to ensure that heavily localized fishing does not produce excessively biased adult sex ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla T Y Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. E-mail: (Leung)
| | - Ka Yan Ma
- Simon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China. E-mail: (Ma)
| | - Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China. E-mail: (Liu)
| | - Serge Planes
- PSL Research University: EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, Université de Perpignan, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan Cedex, France and Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL. E-mail: (Planes)
| | - Yvonne Sadovy de Mitcheson
- School of Biological Sciences, Swire Institute of Marine Science, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China. E-mail: (Sadovy de Mitcheson)
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16
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Evidence for Nest-Site Fidelity but Not Natal Homing in Bog Turtles (Glyptemys muhlenbergii). J HERPETOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1670/19-073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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17
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Population Genetic Diversity of Two Marine Gobies (Gobiiformes: Gobiidae) from the North-Eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse8100792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Gobies (Gobiiformes: Gobiidae) are the most species-rich family of fishes in general, and the most abundant fish group in the European seas. Nonetheless, our knowledge on many aspects of their biology, including the population genetic diversity, is poor. Although barriers to gene flow are less apparent in the marine environment, the ocean is not a continuous habitat, as has been shown by studies on population genetics of various marine biota. For the first time, European marine goby species which cannot be collected by common fishery techniques were studied. The population genetic structure of two epibenthic species, Gobius geniporus and Gobius cruentatus, from seven localities across their distribution ranges was assessed, using one mitochondrial (cytochrome b) and one nuclear gene (first intron of ribosomal protein gene S7). Our results showed that there is a great diversity of haplotypes of mitochondrial gene cytochrome b in both species at all localities. Global fixation indices (FST) indicated a great differentiation of populations in both studied gobies. Our results did not show a geographic subdivision to individual populations. Instead, the data correspond with the model of migration which allow divergence and recurrent migration from the ancestral population. The estimated migration routes coincide with the main currents in the studied area. This matches well the biology of the studied species, with adults exhibiting only short-distance movements and planktonic larval stages.
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18
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Allan BJM, Illing B, Fakan EP, Narvaez P, Grutter AS, Sikkel PC, McClure EC, Rummer JL, McCormick MI. Parasite infection directly impacts escape response and stress levels in fish. J Exp Biol 2020; 223:jeb230904. [PMID: 32611788 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.230904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Parasites can account for a substantial proportion of the biomass in marine communities. As such, parasites play a significant ecological role in ecosystem functioning via host interactions. Unlike macropredators, such as large piscivores, micropredators, such as parasites, rarely cause direct mortality. Rather, micropredators impose an energetic tax, thus significantly affecting host physiology and behaviour via sublethal effects. Recent research suggests that infection by gnathiid isopods (Crustacea) causes significant physiological stress and increased mortality rates. However, it is unclear whether infection causes changes in the behaviours that underpin escape responses or changes in routine activity levels. Moreover, it is poorly understood whether the cost of gnathiid infection manifests as an increase in cortisol. To investigate this, we examined the effect of experimental gnathiid infection on the swimming and escape performance of a newly settled coral reef fish and whether infection led to increased cortisol levels. We found that micropredation by a single gnathiid caused fast-start escape performance and swimming behaviour to significantly decrease and cortisol levels to double. Fast-start escape performance is an important predictor of recruit survival in the wild. As such, altered fitness-related traits and short-term stress, perhaps especially during early life stages, may result in large scale changes in the number of fish that successfully recruit to adult populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridie J M Allan
- Department of Marine Science, University of Otāgo, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- Department of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Björn Illing
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Eric P Fakan
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- Department of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Pauline Narvaez
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- Department of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Alexandra S Grutter
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Paul C Sikkel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR 72467, USA
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Eva C McClure
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- Department of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4215, Australia
| | - Jodie L Rummer
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Mark I McCormick
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
- Department of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
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19
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Rueger T, Harrison HB, Buston PM, Gardiner NM, Berumen ML, Jones GP. Natal philopatry increases relatedness within groups of coral reef cardinalfish. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20201133. [PMID: 32635871 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.1133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A central issue in evolutionary ecology is how patterns of dispersal influence patterns of relatedness in populations. In terrestrial organisms, limited dispersal of offspring leads to groups of related individuals. By contrast, for most marine organisms, larval dispersal in open waters is thought to minimize kin associations within populations. However, recent molecular evidence and theoretical approaches have shown that limited dispersal, sibling cohesion and/or differential reproductive success can lead to kin association and elevated relatedness. Here, we tested the hypothesis that limited dispersal explains small-scale patterns of relatedness in the pajama cardinalfish Sphaeramia nematoptera. We used 19 microsatellite markers to assess parentage of 233 juveniles and pairwise relatedness among 527 individuals from 41 groups in Kimbe Bay, Papua New Guinea. Our findings support three predictions of the limited dispersal hypothesis: (i) elevated relatedness within groups, compared with among groups and elevated relatedness within reefs compared with among reefs; (ii) a weak negative correlation of relatedness with distance; (iii) more juveniles than would be expected by chance in the same group and the same reef as their parents. We provide the first example for natal philopatry at the group level causing small-scale patterns of genetic relatedness in a marine fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Rueger
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia.,Department of Biology and Marine Program, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Hugo B Harrison
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia.,Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Australia
| | - Peter M Buston
- Department of Biology and Marine Program, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Naomi M Gardiner
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Michael L Berumen
- Red Sea Research Center, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, 23955-6900 Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Geoffrey P Jones
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
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20
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Álvarez-Noriega M, Burgess SC, Byers JE, Pringle JM, Wares JP, Marshall DJ. Global biogeography of marine dispersal potential. Nat Ecol Evol 2020; 4:1196-1203. [DOI: 10.1038/s41559-020-1238-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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21
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Dubé CE, Boissin E, Mercière A, Planes S. Parentage analyses identify local dispersal events and sibling aggregations in a natural population of Millepora hydrocorals, a free-spawning marine invertebrate. Mol Ecol 2020; 29:1508-1522. [PMID: 32227655 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Dispersal is a critical process for the persistence and productivity of marine populations. For many reef species, there is increasing evidence that local demography and self-recruitment have major consequences on their genetic diversity and adaptation to environmental change. Yet empirical data of dispersal patterns in reef-building species remain scarce. Here, we document the first genetic estimates of self-recruitment and dispersal distances in a free-spawning marine invertebrate, the hydrocoral Millepora cf. platyphylla. Using twelve microsatellite markers, we gathered genotypic information from 3,160 georeferenced colonies collected over 27,000 m2 of a single reef in three adjacent habitats in Moorea, French Polynesia; the mid slope, upper slope, and back reef. Although the adult population was predominantly clonal (85% were clones), our parentage analysis revealed a moderate self-recruitment rate with a minimum of 8% of sexual propagules produced locally. Assigned offspring often settled at <10 m from their parents and dispersal events decrease with increasing geographic distance. There were no discrepancies between the dispersal distances of offspring assigned to parents belonging to clonal versus nonclonal genotypes. Interhabitat dispersal events via cross-reef transport were also detected for sexual and asexual propagules. Sibship analysis showed that full siblings recruit nearby on the reef (more than 40% settled at <30 m), resulting in sibling aggregations. Our findings highlight the importance of self-recruitment together with clonality in stabilizing population dynamics, which may ultimately enhance local sustainability and resilience to disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E Dubé
- PSL Research University: EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, Université de Perpignan, Perpignan Cedex, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence "CORAIL", Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Emilie Boissin
- PSL Research University: EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, Université de Perpignan, Perpignan Cedex, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence "CORAIL", Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Alexandre Mercière
- PSL Research University: EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, Université de Perpignan, Perpignan Cedex, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence "CORAIL", Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Serge Planes
- PSL Research University: EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, Université de Perpignan, Perpignan Cedex, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence "CORAIL", Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia
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22
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Salas E, Hobbs JA, Bernal MA, Simison WB, Berumen ML, Bernardi G, Rocha LA. Distinct patterns of hybridization across a suture zone in a coral reef fish ( Dascyllus trimaculatus). Ecol Evol 2020; 10:2813-2837. [PMID: 32211158 PMCID: PMC7083663 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid zones are natural laboratories for investigating the dynamics of gene flow, reproductive isolation, and speciation. A predominant marine hybrid (or suture) zone encompasses Christmas Island (CHR) and Cocos (Keeling) Islands (CKE), where 15 different instances of interbreeding between closely related species from Indian and Pacific Oceans have been documented. Here, we report a case of hybridization between genetically differentiated Pacific and Indian Ocean lineages of the three-spot dascyllus, Dascyllus trimaculatus (Rüppell, 1829). Field observations indicate there are subtle color differences between Pacific and Indian Ocean lineages. Most importantly, population densities of color morphs and genetic analyses (mitochondrial DNA and SNPs obtained via RADSeq) suggest that the pattern of hybridization within the suture zone is not homogeneous. At CHR, both color morphs were present, mitochondrial haplotypes of both lineages were observed, and SNP analyses revealed both pure and hybrid genotypes. Meanwhile, in CKE, the Indian Ocean color morphs were prevalent, only Indian Ocean mitochondrial haplotypes were observed, and SNP analysis showed hybrid individuals with a large proportion (~80%) of their genotypes assigning to the Indian Ocean lineage. We conclude that CHR populations are currently receiving an influx of individuals from both ocean basins, with a greater influence from the Pacific Ocean. In contrast, geographically isolated CKE populations appear to be self-recruiting and with more influx of individuals from the Indian Ocean. Our research highlights how patterns of hybridization can be different at scales of hundreds of kilometers, due to geographic isolation and the history of interbreeding between lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Salas
- Ichthyology DepartmentCalifornia Academy of SciencesSan FranciscoCAUSA
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology DepartmentUniversity of California Santa CruzSanta CruzCAUSA
| | - Jean‐Paul A. Hobbs
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | | | - W. Brian Simison
- Center for Comparative GenomicsCalifornia Academy of SciencesSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Michael L. Berumen
- Red Sea Research Center, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)ThuwalSaudi Arabia
| | - Giacomo Bernardi
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology DepartmentUniversity of California Santa CruzSanta CruzCAUSA
| | - Luiz A. Rocha
- Ichthyology DepartmentCalifornia Academy of SciencesSan FranciscoCAUSA
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23
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Elevated CO 2 and food ration affect growth but not the size-based hierarchy of a reef fish. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19706. [PMID: 31873126 PMCID: PMC6928027 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56002-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Under projected levels of ocean acidification, shifts in energetic demands and food availability could interact to effect the growth and development of marine organisms. Changes to individual growth rates could then flow on to influence emergent properties of social groups, particularly in species that form size-based hierarchies. To test the potential interactive effects of (1) food availability, (2) elevated CO2 during juvenile development, and (3) parental experience of elevated CO2 on the growth, condition and size-based hierarchy of juvenile fish, we reared orange clownfish (Amphiprion percula) for 50 days post-hatching in a fully orthogonal design. Development in elevated CO2 reduced standard length and weight of juveniles, by 9% and 11% respectively, compared to ambient. Development under low food availability reduced length and weight of juveniles by 7% and 15% respectively, compared to high food. Parental exposure to elevated CO2 restored the length of juveniles to that of controls, but it did not restore weight, resulting in juveniles from elevated CO2 parents exhibiting 33% lower body condition when reared in elevated CO2. The body size ratios (relative size of a fish from the rank above) within juvenile groups were not affected by any treatment, suggesting relative robustness of group-level structure despite alterations in individual size and condition. This study demonstrates that both food availability and elevated CO2 can influence the physical attributes of juvenile reef fish, but these changes may not disrupt the emergent group structure of this social species, at least amongst juveniles.
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24
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Titus BM, Benedict C, Laroche R, Gusmão LC, Van Deusen V, Chiodo T, Meyer CP, Berumen ML, Bartholomew A, Yanagi K, Reimer JD, Fujii T, Daly M, Rodríguez E. Phylogenetic relationships among the clownfish-hosting sea anemones. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2019; 139:106526. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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25
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Otwoma LM, Reuter H. Do differences in mating behaviour lead to differences in connectivity patterns of reef fishes? Insights from two sympatric surgeonfish species in the Indian Ocean. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 151:104760. [PMID: 31358313 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2019.104760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Disentangling the contribution of biotic and abiotic factors in the structuring of the genetic diversity of reef species is critical to illuminate the diversification of evolutionary lineages in marine environment. Howevr, previous studies have mainly focused on determining the influence of pelagic larval duration on the connectivity and demographic history of reef fishes, whereas few studies have examined the effects of other biotic factors, such as mating behaviour and habitat preference. Here, we use mitochondrial DNA (ATPase 6/8) and ten microsatellite loci to compare the population genetic structure and demographic history of the spawning aggregating Acanthurus triostegus with the monogamous spawning Acanthurus leucosternon. Pairwise comparisons and discriminant analysis of principal components showed that the genetic structuring patterns of the two species are not consistent with the influence of mating behaviour, suggesting the possible role of other biotic and abiotic factors. However, demographic history estimates revealed that these species may have responded differently to sea level fluctuations during the glacial maxima.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levy Michael Otwoma
- Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Bremen, Germany; Faculty Biology and Chemistry, University of Bremen, Germany; Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KMFRI), Mombasa, Kenya.
| | - Hauke Reuter
- Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Bremen, Germany; Faculty Biology and Chemistry, University of Bremen, Germany
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26
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Kaplan KA, Yamane L, Botsford LW, Baskett ML, Hastings A, Worden S, White JW. Setting expected timelines of fished population recovery for the adaptive management of a marine protected area network. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2019; 29:e01949. [PMID: 31188493 PMCID: PMC9285580 DOI: 10.1002/eap.1949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Adaptive management of marine protected areas (MPAs) requires developing methods to evaluate whether monitoring data indicate that they are performing as expected. Modeling the expected responses of targeted species to an MPA network, with a clear timeline for those expectations, can aid in the development of a monitoring program that efficiently evaluates expectations over appropriate time frames. Here, we describe the expected trajectories in abundance and biomass following MPA implementation for populations of 19 nearshore fishery species in California. To capture the process of filling in the age structure truncated by fishing, we used age-structured population models with stochastic larval recruitment to predict responses to MPA implementation. We implemented both demographically open (high larval immigration) and closed (high self-recruitment) populations to model the range of possible trajectories as they depend on recruitment dynamics. From these simulations, we quantified the time scales over which anticipated increases in abundance and biomass inside MPAs would become statistically detectable. Predicted population biomass responses range from little change, for species with low fishing rates, to increasing by a factor of nearly seven, for species with high fishing rates before MPA establishment. Increases in biomass following MPA implementation are usually greater in both magnitude and statistical detectability than increases in abundance. For most species, increases in abundance would not begin to become detectable for at least 10 years after implementation. Overall, these results inform potential indicator metrics (biomass), potential indicator species (those with a high fishing : natural mortality ratio), and time frame (>10 yr) for MPA monitoring assessment as part of the adaptive management process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A. Kaplan
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, Coastal and Marine Sciences InstituteUniversity of California DavisOne Shields AvenueDavisCalifornia95616USA
- California Department of Fish and WildlifeMarine Region350 Harbor BoulevardBelmontCalifornia94002USA
| | - Lauren Yamane
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, Coastal and Marine Sciences InstituteUniversity of California DavisOne Shields AvenueDavisCalifornia95616USA
- California Department of Fish and WildlifeMarine Region350 Harbor BoulevardBelmontCalifornia94002USA
| | - Louis W. Botsford
- Department of WildlifeFish and Conservation BiologyUniversity of California DavisOne Shields AvenueDavisCalifornia95616USA
| | - Marissa L. Baskett
- Department of Environmental Science and PolicyUniversity of California DavisOne Shields AvenueDavisCalifornia95616USA
| | - Alan Hastings
- Department of Environmental Science and PolicyUniversity of California DavisOne Shields AvenueDavisCalifornia95616USA
| | - Sara Worden
- California Department of Fish and WildlifeMarine Region350 Harbor BoulevardBelmontCalifornia94002USA
| | - J. Wilson White
- Department of Fisheries and WildlifeCoastal Oregon Marine Experiment StationOregon State UniversityNewportOregon97365USA
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27
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Fobert EK, Treml EA, Swearer SE. Dispersal and population connectivity are phenotype dependent in a marine metapopulation. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 286:20191104. [PMID: 31455189 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.1104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Larval dispersal is a key process determining population connectivity, metapopulation dynamics, and community structure in benthic marine ecosystems, yet the biophysical complexity of dispersal is not well understood. In this study, we investigate the interaction between disperser phenotype and hydrodynamics on larval dispersal pathways, using a temperate reef fish species, Trachinops caudimaculatus. We assessed the influence of larval traits on depth distribution and dispersal outcomes by: (i) using 24-h depth-stratified ichthyoplankton sampling, (ii) quantifying individual phenotypes using larval growth histories extracted from the sagittal otoliths of individual larvae, and (iii) simulating potential dispersal outcomes based on the empirical distribution of larval phenotypes and an advanced biological-physical ocean model. We found T. caudimaculatus larvae were vertically stratified with respect to phenotype, with high-quality phenotypes found in the bottom two depth strata, and poor-quality phenotypes found primarily at the surface. Our model showed high- and average-quality larvae experienced significantly higher local retention (more than double) and self-recruitment, and travelled shorter distances relative to poor-quality larvae. As populations are only connected when dispersers survive long enough to reproduce, determining how larval phenotype influences dispersal outcomes will be important for improving our understanding of marine population connectivity and persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily K Fobert
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Eric A Treml
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Integrative Ecology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Stephen E Swearer
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.,National Centre for Coasts and Climate, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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28
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Filous A, Lennox RJ, Coleman RR, Friedlander AM, Clua EEG, Danylchuk AJ. Life-history characteristics of an exploited bonefish Albula glossodonta population in a remote South Pacific atoll. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2019; 95:562-574. [PMID: 31119738 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bonefishes Albula spp. are important components of subsistence fisheries and lucrative sport fishing industries throughout their circumtropical distribution. In Oceania, however, Albula spp. have historically been overexploited and there is a growing need to balance the demands of competing fishing sectors, making the description of their life history a regional priority. To this aim, we collected biological samples from Albula spp. of Anaa atoll, French Polynesia, to identify the species that compose the stock and estimate their life-history parameters including age, growth, reproduction and natural mortality. Our results indicate that Albula glossodonta is the species of bonefish present, with a maximum age that is below the, 20 year longevity of the genus (8 years in males and 10 years in females). Differential growth patterns existed between the two sexes (L∞ = 58, 78 cm fork length (LF ) and K = 0.38, 0.21 for males and females, respectively). Males attained sexual maturity at 43 cm LF (c. 3 years) whereas females matured at 48 cm LF (c. 4 years) and oocyte production was significantly related to body mass, with a maximum batch fecundity of 1,133,767 oocytes in a 4406 g (70 cm LF ) female. The gonado-somatic index of harvested fishes indicated that the spawning season extends from March through September. Based on the observation of a, 20 year bonefish at the proximate Tetiaroa Atoll and several empirical models, estimates of natural mortality ranged from 0.21 to 0.68; however, an estimate of 0.21 was deemed most appropriate. This information facilitated the resurgence of a Rahui (temporary fishing closure) and community-based management to protect A. glossodonta during a critical portion of their spawning season and in this context our results provide an important demographic baseline in evaluating the recovery of this fishery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Filous
- Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
- Indifly, St Paul, Minnesota, USA
- The Island Initiative, Althorne Hall Farm, Althorne, UK
| | - Robert J Lennox
- Indifly, St Paul, Minnesota, USA
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Norwegian Research Centre (NORCE), Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Bergen, Norway
| | - Richard R Coleman
- Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, Univerity of Hawaii, Kaneohe, Hawaii, USA
| | - Alan M Friedlander
- Pristine Seas, National Geographic Society, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Eric E G Clua
- Paris Sciences & Letters Research University, CRIOBE USR3278 EPHE-CNRS-UPVD, Paris, French Polynesia
- Labex Corail, CRIOBE, Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Andy J Danylchuk
- Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
- Indifly, St Paul, Minnesota, USA
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Xuereb A, D’Aloia CC, Daigle RM, Andrello M, Dalongeville A, Manel S, Mouillot D, Guichard F, Côté IM, Curtis JMR, Bernatchez L, Fortin MJ. Marine Conservation and Marine Protected Areas. POPULATION GENOMICS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/13836_2018_63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Morat F, Briand MJ, Pécheyran C, Letourneur Y. Differential uses of coral reef habitats by a poorly-known cryptic fish predator. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2019; 94:53-61. [PMID: 30367721 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study used otolith microchemistry to evaluate whether the moray eel Gymnothorax chilospilus uses different habitats throughout its life (mainly juvenile and adult phases). Of the most informative trace elements within otoliths (the twelve isotopes 23 Na, 25 Mg, 43 Ca, 55 Mn, 59 Co, 60 Ni, 63 Cu, 66 Zn, 86 Sr, 111 Cd, 138 Ba and 208 Pb) only three ratios of Ca (Na:Ca, Sr:Ca and Ba:Ca) were informative and therefore used in a multivariate regression-tree analysis. Using a multivariate partitioning, three main phases were described from profiles, including the larval life phase (leptocephali), the intermediate phase (longest section between the larval life phase and the terminal phase) and the terminal phase (final section i.e., the most recent months preceding the death of fish). According to concentrations of the three ratios to Ca, G. chilospilus can be separated into three groups during their larval life stage (very different in Sr and Na), four groups during the intermediate phase (few differences in Sr and Na) and three groups during the terminal phase (differences in Sr), illustrating that G. chilospilus inhabit different habitats during these three phases. Our results showed that the leptocephali encountered different oceanic water masses with fluctuating Sr:Ca ratios during the early larval phase. During the intermediate phase (main part of their life-span), they lived in lagoonal waters such as fringing reefs or reef flats of lagoonal islets, characterized by a lower Sr:Ca ratio. During the latter part of their life, approximately one third of G. chilospilus encountered more oceanic waters close to or at barrier reefs, suggesting possible movements of these fish along a coast-to-ocean gradient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Morat
- PSL Université Paris: EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, Université de Perpignan, Perpignan, France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence « CORAIL », Papetoai Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Marine J Briand
- Aix Marseille Université, Université de Toulon, CNRS/INSU, IRD, Institut Méditerranéen d'Océanologie (MIO), Marseille, France
| | - Christophe Pécheyran
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, LCABIE, UMR 5254 CNRS/IPREM, Hélioparc Pau Pyrénées, Pau, France
| | - Yves Letourneur
- Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, Institut ISEA et LABEX « Corail », Nouméa Cedex, New Caledonia
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31
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Hedberg P, Rybak FF, Gullström M, Jiddawi NS, Winder M. Fish larvae distribution among different habitats in coastal East Africa. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2019; 94:29-39. [PMID: 30515816 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fish larvae abundances, diversity and trophic position across shallow seagrass, coral reef and open water habitats were examined to characterize their distribution in coastal East Africa. Larvae were identified to family and analysed for abundance differences between sites and habitats, trophic level using stable-isotope analysis and parental spawning mode. Abundances differed greatly between sites with the highest numbers of larvae occurring in the open-water and seagrass habitats. Larval fish diversity was high across habitats with 51 families identified with small differences between sites and among habitats. Notably, larvae of abundant large herbivorous fishes present in reef and seagrass habitats were almost completely absent at all sampling locations. In the seagrass, demersal spawned larvae were more abundant compared with the reef and open-water habitats. Stable-isotope analysis revealed that fish larvae have a varied diet, occupying trophic level two to three and utilizing planktonic prey. This study offers new insights into distributional aspects of fish larvae along the East African coast where such information is sparse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per Hedberg
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fanny F Rybak
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Gullström
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Narriman S Jiddawi
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, Zanzibar, Tanzania
| | - Monika Winder
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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32
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Chausson J, Srinivasan M, Jones GP. Host anemone size as a determinant of social group size and structure in the orange clownfish ( Amphiprion percula). PeerJ 2018; 6:e5841. [PMID: 30416882 PMCID: PMC6225843 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The size and structure of social groups of animals can be governed by a range of ecological factors and behavioral interactions. In small, highly site-attached coral reef fishes, group size is often constrained by the size of the habitat patch they are restricted to. However, group size may also be influenced by changes in abundance along important environmental gradients, such as depth or distance offshore. In addition, the body size and sex structure within social groups can be determined by the size of the habitat patch and the dominance relationships among group members. Here we examined the roles of ecological factors and behavioral interactions in governing group size and structure in the orange clownfish, Amphiprion percula, on inshore reefs in Kimbe Bay, Papua New Guinea. We quantified relationships between ecological variables (anemone size, depth, and distance from shore) and social group variables (group size, and total body length of the three largest individuals (ranks 1, 2, and 3)). Anemone size explained the greatest amount of variation in group variables, with strong, positive relationships between anemone surface area and group size, and total length of individuals ranked 1, 2, and 3. Group structure was also weakly correlated with increasing depth and distance from shore, most likely through the indirect effects of these environmental gradients on anemone size. Variation in group size and the lengths of ranks 2 and 3 were all closely related to the length of rank 1. Path analysis indicated that anemone size has a strong direct effect on the length of rank 1. In turn, the length of rank 1 directly affects the size of the subordinate individuals and indirectly affects the group size through its influence on subordinates. Hence, anemone size directly and indirectly controls social group size and structure in this space-limited fish species. It is also likely that anemonefish have feedback effects on anemone size, although this could not be differentiated in the path analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Chausson
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Maya Srinivasan
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Geoffrey P Jones
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.,ARC Center of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
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Cayuela H, Rougemont Q, Prunier JG, Moore JS, Clobert J, Besnard A, Bernatchez L. Demographic and genetic approaches to study dispersal in wild animal populations: A methodological review. Mol Ecol 2018; 27:3976-4010. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.14848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Cayuela
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS); Université Laval; Québec City Québec Canada
| | - Quentin Rougemont
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS); Université Laval; Québec City Québec Canada
| | - Jérôme G. Prunier
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale; Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5321; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Université Paul Sabatier (UPS); Moulis France
| | - Jean-Sébastien Moore
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS); Université Laval; Québec City Québec Canada
| | - Jean Clobert
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale; Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5321; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Université Paul Sabatier (UPS); Moulis France
| | - Aurélien Besnard
- CNRS; PSL Research University; EPHE; UM, SupAgro, IRD; INRA; UMR 5175 CEFE; Montpellier France
| | - Louis Bernatchez
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS); Université Laval; Québec City Québec Canada
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Crane NL, Tariel J, Caselle JE, Friedlander AM, Robertson DR, Bernardi G. Clipperton Atoll as a model to study small marine populations: Endemism and the genomic consequences of small population size. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198901. [PMID: 29949612 PMCID: PMC6021044 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Estimating population sizes and genetic diversity are key factors to understand and predict population dynamics. Marine species have been a difficult challenge in that respect, due to the difficulty in assessing population sizes and the open nature of such populations. Small, isolated islands with endemic species offer an opportunity to groundtruth population size estimates with empirical data and investigate the genetic consequences of such small populations. Here we focus on two endemic species of reef fish, the Clipperton damselfish, Stegastes baldwini, and the Clipperton angelfish, Holacanthus limbaughi, on Clipperton Atoll, tropical eastern Pacific. Visual surveys, performed over almost two decades and four expeditions, and genetic surveys based on genomic RAD sequences, allowed us to estimate kinship and genetic diversity, as well as to compare population size estimates based on visual surveys with effective population sizes based on genetics. We found that genetic and visual estimates of population numbers were remarkably similar. S. baldwini and H. limbaughi had population sizes of approximately 800,000 and 60,000, respectively. Relatively small population sizes resulted in low genetic diversity and the presence of apparent kinship. This study emphasizes the importance of small isolated islands as models to study population dynamics of marine organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L. Crane
- Department of Biology, Cabrillo College, Aptos, CA, United States of America
| | - Juliette Tariel
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America
| | - Jennifer E. Caselle
- Marine Science Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States of America
| | - Alan M. Friedlander
- Pristine Seas, National Geographic Society, Washington, DC, United States of America
- Fisheries Ecology Research Lab, Department of Biology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, United States of America
| | | | - Giacomo Bernardi
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America
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35
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Johnson DW, Christie MR, Pusack TJ, Stallings CD, Hixon MA. Integrating larval connectivity with local demography reveals regional dynamics of a marine metapopulation. Ecology 2018; 99:1419-1429. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Darren W. Johnson
- Department of Integrative Biology Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon 97331‐2914 USA
- Department of Biological Sciences California State University Long Beach California 90840 USA
| | - Mark R. Christie
- Department of Integrative Biology Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon 97331‐2914 USA
- Department of Biological Sciences & Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA
| | - Timothy J. Pusack
- Department of Integrative Biology Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon 97331‐2914 USA
- Williams‐Mystic Maritime Studies Program Williams College Mystic Connecticut 06355 USA
| | - Christopher D. Stallings
- Department of Integrative Biology Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon 97331‐2914 USA
- College of Marine Science University of South Florida St. Petersburg Florida 33701‐5016 USA
| | - Mark A. Hixon
- Department of Integrative Biology Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon 97331‐2914 USA
- Department of Biology University of Hawai'i Honolulu HI 96822‐2216 USA
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36
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Breen NE, Lowenstein J, Metivier R, Andrade L, Rhyne AL. Can excreted thiocyanate be used to detect cyanide exposure in live reef fish? PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196841. [PMID: 29847597 PMCID: PMC5976154 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanide fishing, where a solution of sodium or potassium cyanide is used to stun reef fish for easy capture for the marine aquarium and live fish food trades, continues to be pervasive despite being illegal in many countries and destructive to coral reef ecosystems. Currently, there is no easy, reliable and universally accepted method to detect if a fish has been exposed to cyanide during the capture process. A promising non-invasive technique for detecting thiocyanate ions, the metabolic byproduct excreted by exposed fish, has been reported in the literature. In an effort to validate this method, four cyanide exposure studies on Amphiprion ocellaris (common clownfish) were carried out over three years. Fish were either exposed to the same (25 ppm) or twice the concentration (50 ppm) as the previsouly published method. Over 100 water samples of fish exposed to cyanide were analyzed by reverse phase HPLC with a C30 column treated with polyethylene glycol and UV detector operating at 220 nm. No thiocyanate was detected beyond the analytical standards and positive controls prepared in seawater. As an alternate means of detecting thiocyanate, water samples and thiocyanate standards from these exposures were derivatized with monobromobimane (MBB) for LC-MS/MS analysis. Thiocyanate was detected in standards with concentrations as low as 0.6 μg/L and quantified to 1 μg/L, but thiocyanate could not be detected in any of the water samples from fish exposed to cyanide with this method either, confirming the HPLC results. Further, we calculated both the mass balance of thiocyanate and the resultant plausible dosage of cyanide from the data reported in the previously published method. These calculations, along with the known lethal dosage of cyanide, further suggests that the detection of thiocyanate in aquarium water is not a viable method for assessing fish exposure to cyanide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy E. Breen
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Roger Williams University, Bristol, RI, United States of America
| | - Julie Lowenstein
- Department of Biology, Marine Biology and Environmental Science, Roger Williams University, Bristol, RI, United States of America
| | - Rebecca Metivier
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Roger Williams University, Bristol, RI, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Marine Biology and Environmental Science, Roger Williams University, Bristol, RI, United States of America
| | - Lawrence Andrade
- Dominion Diagnostics, North Kingstown, RI, United States of America
| | - Andrew L. Rhyne
- Department of Biology, Marine Biology and Environmental Science, Roger Williams University, Bristol, RI, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Rogers LA, Salomon AK, Connors B, Krkošek M. Collapse, Tipping Points, and Spatial Demographic Structure Arising from the Adopted Migrant Life History. Am Nat 2018; 192:49-61. [PMID: 29897803 DOI: 10.1086/697488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The roles of dispersal and recruitment have long been a focal point in ecology and conservation. The adopted migrant hypothesis proposes a life history in which social learning transmits migratory knowledge between generations of iteroparous fish. Specifically, juveniles disperse from the parental spawning site, encounter and recruit to a local adult population, and learn migration routes between spawning and foraging habitats by following older, experienced fish. Although the adopted migrant life history may apply to many species of pelagic marine fishes, there is scant theoretical or empirical work on the consequent population dynamics. We developed and analyzed a mathematical model of this life history in which the recruitment of juveniles depends on the relative abundance of the local populations and recruitment overlap, which measures the ease with which juveniles are recruited by a nonparental population. We demonstrate that the adopted migrant life history can maintain spatial demographic structure among local populations, that it can also predispose local populations to collapse when a tipping point is crossed, and that recovery after collapse is impaired by reduced recruitment at small local population sizes.
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Lacroix G, Barbut L, Volckaert FAM. Complex effect of projected sea temperature and wind change on flatfish dispersal. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2018; 24:85-100. [PMID: 28940907 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Climate change not only alters ocean physics and chemistry but also affects the biota. Larval dispersal patterns from spawning to nursery grounds and larval survival are driven by hydrodynamic processes and shaped by (a)biotic environmental factors. Therefore, it is important to understand the impacts of increased temperature rise and changes in wind speed and direction on larval drift and survival. We apply a particle-tracking model coupled to a 3D-hydrodynamic model of the English Channel and the North Sea to study the dispersal dynamics of the exploited flatfish (common) sole (Solea solea). We first assess model robustness and interannual variability in larval transport over the period 1995-2011. Then, using a subset of representative years (2003-2011), we investigate the impact of climate change on larval dispersal, connectivity patterns and recruitment at the nursery grounds. The impacts of five scenarios inspired by the 2040 projections of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change are discussed and compared with interannual variability. The results suggest that 33% of the year-to-year recruitment variability is explained at a regional scale and that a 9-year period is sufficient to capture interannual variability in dispersal dynamics. In the scenario involving a temperature increase, early spawning and a wind change, the model predicts that (i) dispersal distance (+70%) and pelagic larval duration (+22%) will increase in response to the reduced temperature (-9%) experienced by early hatched larvae, (ii) larval recruitment at the nursery grounds will increase in some areas (36%) and decrease in others (-58%) and (iii) connectivity will show contrasting changes between areas. At the regional scale, our model predicts considerable changes in larval recruitment (+9%) and connectivity (retention -4% and seeding +37%) due to global change. All of these factors affect the distribution and productivity of sole and therefore the functioning of the demersal ecosystem and fisheries management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Lacroix
- Operational Directorate Natural Environment (OD Nature), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Léo Barbut
- Operational Directorate Natural Environment (OD Nature), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Genomics (LBEG), University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Filip A M Volckaert
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Genomics (LBEG), University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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39
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Adaptation Without Boundaries: Population Genomics in Marine Systems. POPULATION GENOMICS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/13836_2018_32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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40
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Herrera M, Nanninga GB, Planes S, Jones GP, Thorrold SR, Saenz-Agudelo P, Almany GR, Berumen ML. Seascape and life-history traits do not predict self-recruitment in a coral reef fish. Biol Lett 2017; 12:rsbl.2016.0309. [PMID: 27512132 PMCID: PMC5014023 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2016.0309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The persistence and resilience of many coral reef species are dependent on rates of connectivity among sub-populations. However, despite increasing research efforts, the spatial scale of larval dispersal remains unpredictable for most marine metapopulations. Here, we assess patterns of larval dispersal in the angelfish Centropyge bicolor in Kimbe Bay, Papua New Guinea, using parentage and sibling reconstruction analyses based on 23 microsatellite DNA loci. We found that, contrary to previous findings in this system, self-recruitment (SR) was virtually absent at both the reef (0.4-0.5% at 0.15 km(2)) and the lagoon scale (0.6-0.8% at approx. 700 km(2)). While approximately 25% of the collected juveniles were identified as potential siblings, the majority of sibling pairs were sampled from separate reefs. Integrating our findings with earlier research from the same system suggests that geographical setting and life-history traits alone are not suitable predictors of SR and that high levels of localized recruitment are not universal in coral reef fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Herrera
- Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gerrit B Nanninga
- Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia USR 3278 CNRS EPHE, Centre de Recherches Insulaires et Observatoire de l'Environnement (CRIOBE), BP1013 Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Serge Planes
- USR 3278 CNRS EPHE, Centre de Recherches Insulaires et Observatoire de l'Environnement (CRIOBE), BP1013 Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Geoffrey P Jones
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, 4811 Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Simon R Thorrold
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - Pablo Saenz-Agudelo
- Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Universidad Austral de Chile, 5090000 Valdivia, Chile
| | - Glenn R Almany
- USR 3278 CNRS EPHE, Centre de Recherches Insulaires et Observatoire de l'Environnement (CRIOBE), BP1013 Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Michael L Berumen
- Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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41
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Lewis JP, Patterson WF, Carlson JK. Natural variability and effects of cleaning and storage procedures on vertebral chemistry of the blacktip shark Carcharhinus limbatus. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2017; 91:1284-1300. [PMID: 29023719 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Key methodological assumptions regarding the degree of natural variability and influence of sample handling and storage of elasmobranch vertebral chemistry were assessed using laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Vertebral chemistry of juvenile blacktip sharks Carcharhinus limbatus was examined to identify whether differences existed among different regions of the vertebral column, between thoracic vertebrae of individual fish or within individual vertebrae. Additionally, the effects of bleach exposure and storage in ethanol on vertebral chemistry were compared. No significant variation in vertebral chemistry was found among different regions of the vertebral column or between thoracic vertebrae, but significant differences among transect locations within individual vertebrae were observed. The variation at all three levels appears comparable with published data on sagittal otoliths of bilaterally symmetrical teleost fishes. The experimental assessment of potential treatment effects indicated vertebral chemistry was not significantly affected by bleach or exposure to ethanol. Taken together, these results support the idea that vertebrae taken from the same region of the vertebral column can be treated as equivalent and at least certain elements remain robust to exposure to bleach and ethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Lewis
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of South Alabama, 307 N. University Blvd, Mobile, AL, 36608, U.S.A
- Dauphin Island Sea Lab, 101 Bienville Blvd., Dauphin Island, AL, 36528, U.S.A
| | - W F Patterson
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of South Alabama, 307 N. University Blvd, Mobile, AL, 36608, U.S.A
- Dauphin Island Sea Lab, 101 Bienville Blvd., Dauphin Island, AL, 36528, U.S.A
| | - J K Carlson
- National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, Panama City Laboratory, 3500 Delwood Beach Road, Panama City, FL, 32408, U.S.A
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42
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Holzer G, Besson M, Lambert A, François L, Barth P, Gillet B, Hughes S, Piganeau G, Leulier F, Viriot L, Lecchini D, Laudet V. Fish larval recruitment to reefs is a thyroid hormone-mediated metamorphosis sensitive to the pesticide chlorpyrifos. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 29083300 PMCID: PMC5662287 DOI: 10.7554/elife.27595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Larval recruitment, the transition of pelagic larvae into reef-associated juveniles, is a critical step for the resilience of marine fish populations but its molecular control is unknown. Here, we investigate whether thyroid-hormones (TH) and their receptors (TR) coordinate the larval recruitment of the coral-reef-fish Acanthurus triostegus. We demonstrate an increase of TH-levels and TR-expressions in pelagic-larvae, followed by a decrease in recruiting juveniles. We generalize these observations in four other coral reef-fish species. Treatments with TH or TR-antagonist, as well as relocation to the open-ocean, disturb A. triostegus larvae transformation and grazing activity. Likewise, chlorpyrifos, a pesticide often encountered in coral-reefs, impairs A. triostegus TH-levels, transformation, and grazing activity, hence diminishing this herbivore’s ability to control the spread of reef-algae. Larval recruitment therefore corresponds to a TH-controlled metamorphosis, sensitive to endocrine disruption. This provides a framework to understand how larval recruitment, critical to reef-ecosystems maintenance, is altered by anthropogenic stressors. Many animals go through a larval phase before developing into an adult. This transformation is called metamorphosis, and it is regulated by hormones of the thyroid gland in vertebrates. For example, most fish found on coral reefs actually spend the first part of their life as free-swimming larvae out in the ocean. The larvae usually look very different from the juveniles and adults. When these fish become juveniles, the larvae undergo a range of physical and behavioral changes to prepare for their life on the reef. Yet, until now it was not known what hormones control metamorphosis in these fish. To address this question, Holzer, Besson et al. studied the convict surgeonfish Acanthurus triostegus. This herbivorous coral-reef fish lives in the Indo-Pacific Ocean, and the results showed that thyroid hormones do indeed regulate the metamorphosis of its larvae. This includes changing how the larvae behave and how their adult features develop. Further, Holzer, Besson et al. found that this was also true for four other coral-reef fish, including the lagoon triggerfish and the raccoon butterflyfish. In A. triostegus, thyroid hormones controlled the changes that enabled the juveniles to efficiently graze on algae growing on the reef such as an elongated gut. When the fish larvae were then exposed to a pesticide called chlorpyrifos, a well-known reef pollutant, their hormone production was disturbed. This in turn affected their grazing behavior and also their metamorphosis. These fish had shortened, underdeveloped guts and could not graze on algae as effectively. Herbivorous fish such as A. triostegus play a major role in supporting coral reef ecosystems by reducing algal cover and therefore promoting coral recruitment. These new findings show that pollutants from human activities could disturb the metamorphosis of coral-reef fish and, as a consequence, their ability to maintain the reefs. A next step will be to test what other factors can disrupt the hormones in coral-reef fish and thus pose a threat for fish populations and the coral-reef ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Holzer
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5242, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Marc Besson
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5242, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France.,CRIOBE USR3278 EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, PSL Research University, Moorea, French Polynesia.,Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls-sur-Mer, UMR CNRS 7232, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris, Paris, France
| | - Anne Lambert
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5242, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Loïc François
- CRIOBE USR3278 EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, PSL Research University, Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Paul Barth
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5242, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Benjamin Gillet
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5242, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Sandrine Hughes
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5242, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Gwenaël Piganeau
- Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls-sur-Mer, UMR CNRS 7232, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris, Paris, France
| | - Francois Leulier
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5242, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Viriot
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5242, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - David Lecchini
- CRIOBE USR3278 EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, PSL Research University, Moorea, French Polynesia.,Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL, Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Vincent Laudet
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5242, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
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43
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Sato M, Honda K, Uy WH, Baslot DI, Genovia TG, Nakamura Y, Bernardo LPC, Kurokochi H, Pantallano ADS, Lian C, Nadaoka K, Nakaoka M. Marine protected area restricts demographic connectivity: Dissimilarity in a marine environment can function as a biological barrier. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:7859-7871. [PMID: 29043040 PMCID: PMC5632639 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The establishment of marine protected areas (MPAs) can often lead to environmental differences between MPAs and fishing zones. To determine the effects on marine dispersal of environmental dissimilarity between an MPA and fishing zone, we examined the abundance and recruitment patterns of two anemonefishes (Amphiprion frenatus and A. perideraion) that inhabit sea anemones in different management zones (i.e., an MPA and two fishing zones) by performing a field survey and a genetic parentage analysis. We found lower levels of abundance per anemone in the MPA compared to the fishing zones for both species (n = 1,525 anemones, p = .032). The parentage analysis also showed that lower numbers of fishes were recruited from the fishing zones and outside of the study area into each anemone in the MPA than into each anemone in the fishing zones (n = 1,525 anemones, p < .017). However, the number of self-recruit production per female did not differ between the MPA and fishing zones (n = 384 females, p = .516). Because the ocean currents around the study site were unlikely to cause a lower settlement intensity of larvae in the MPA, the ocean circulation was not considered crucial to the observed abundance and recruitment patterns. Instead, stronger top-down control and/or a lower density of host anemones in the MPA were potential factors for such patterns. Our results highlight the importance of dissimilarity in a marine environment as a factor that affects connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Sato
- Graduate School of Environmental Science Hokkaido University Akkeshi-cho Hokkaido Japan.,Present address: National Research Institute of Fisheries Engineering Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency Hasaki Kamisu-shi Ibaraki Japan
| | - Kentaro Honda
- Akkeshi Marine Station Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere Hokkaido University Akkeshi-cho Hokkaido Japan.,Present address: Hokkaido National Fisheries Research Institute Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency Toyohira-ku Sapporo Hokkaido Japan
| | - Wilfredo H Uy
- Institute of Fisheries Research and Development Mindanao State University at Naawan Naawan Misamis Oriental Philippines
| | - Darwin I Baslot
- Institute of Fisheries Research and Development Mindanao State University at Naawan Naawan Misamis Oriental Philippines
| | - Tom G Genovia
- Institute of Fisheries Research and Development Mindanao State University at Naawan Naawan Misamis Oriental Philippines
| | - Yohei Nakamura
- Graduate School of Kuroshio Science Kochi University Nankoku Kochi Japan
| | - Lawrence Patrick C Bernardo
- Department of Mechanical and Environmental Informatics Graduate School of Information Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Meguro Tokyo Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kurokochi
- Asian Natural Environmental Science Center The University of Tokyo Nishitokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Allyn Duvin S Pantallano
- Institute of Fisheries Research and Development Mindanao State University at Naawan Naawan Misamis Oriental Philippines.,Graduate School of Kuroshio Science Kochi University Nankoku Kochi Japan
| | - Chunlan Lian
- Asian Natural Environmental Science Center The University of Tokyo Nishitokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Kazuo Nadaoka
- Department of Mechanical and Environmental Informatics Graduate School of Information Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Meguro Tokyo Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakaoka
- Akkeshi Marine Station Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere Hokkaido University Akkeshi-cho Hokkaido Japan
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44
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Krueck NC, Legrand C, Ahmadia GN, Estradivari, Green A, Jones GP, Riginos C, Treml EA, Mumby PJ. Reserve Sizes Needed to Protect Coral Reef Fishes. Conserv Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/conl.12415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nils C. Krueck
- Marine Spatial Ecology Lab and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies The University of Queensland St Lucia Campus Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Queensland St Lucia Campus Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Christelle Legrand
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Queensland St Lucia Campus Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Gabby N. Ahmadia
- Oceans Program World Wildlife Fund United States 1250 24th Street Washington DC 20037–1193 USA
| | - Estradivari
- World Wildlife Fund Indonesia Graha Simatupang Tower Jalan Letjen TB Simatupang Jakarta 12540 Indonesia
| | - Alison Green
- The Nature Conservancy 245 Riverside Drive West End Queensland 4101 Australia
| | - Geoffrey P. Jones
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies James Cook University Townsville Queensland 4811 Australia
| | - Cynthia Riginos
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Queensland St Lucia Campus Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Eric A. Treml
- School of BioSciences The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Peter J. Mumby
- Marine Spatial Ecology Lab and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies The University of Queensland St Lucia Campus Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Queensland St Lucia Campus Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
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45
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Rippe JP, Matz MV, Green EA, Medina M, Khawaja NZ, Pongwarin T, Pinzón C JH, Castillo KD, Davies SW. Population structure and connectivity of the mountainous star coral, Orbicella faveolata, throughout the wider Caribbean region. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:9234-9246. [PMID: 29187964 PMCID: PMC5696396 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
As coral reefs continue to decline worldwide, it becomes ever more necessary to understand the connectivity between coral populations to develop efficient management strategies facilitating survival and adaptation of coral reefs in the future. Orbicella faveolata is one of the most important reef-building corals in the Caribbean and has recently experienced severe population reductions. Here, we utilize a panel of nine microsatellite loci to evaluate the genetic structure of O. faveolata and to infer connectivity across ten sites spanning the wider Caribbean region. Populations are generally well-mixed throughout the basin (FST = 0.038), although notable patterns of substructure arise at local and regional scales. Eastern and western populations appear segregated with a genetic break around the Mona Passage in the north, as has been shown previously in other species; however, we find evidence for significant connectivity between Curaçao and Mexico, suggesting that the southern margin of this barrier is permeable to dispersal. Our results also identify a strong genetic break within the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef System associated with complex oceanographic patterns that promote larval retention in southern Belize. Additionally, the diverse genetic signature at Flower Garden Banks suggests its possible function as a downstream genetic sink. The findings reported here are relevant to the ongoing conservation efforts for this important and threatened species, and contribute to the growing understanding of large-scale coral reef connectivity throughout the wider Caribbean.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Rippe
- Department of Marine Sciences University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - Mikhail V Matz
- Department of Integrative Biology University of Texas at Austin Austin TX USA
| | - Elizabeth A Green
- Quantitative and Systems Biology University of California Merced CA USA
| | - Mónica Medina
- Department of Biology Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA.,Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Smithsonian Institution Washington DC USA
| | - Nida Z Khawaja
- Department of Integrative Biology University of Texas at Austin Austin TX USA
| | - Thanapat Pongwarin
- Department of Integrative Biology University of Texas at Austin Austin TX USA
| | - Jorge H Pinzón C
- Department of Molecular Biology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX USA
| | - Karl D Castillo
- Department of Marine Sciences University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - Sarah W Davies
- Department of Marine Sciences University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA.,Department of Integrative Biology University of Texas at Austin Austin TX USA.,Department of Biology Boston University Boston MA USA
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46
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Lopes PFM, Mendes L, Fonseca V, Villasante S. Tourism as a driver of conflicts and changes in fisheries value chains in Marine Protected Areas. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 200:123-134. [PMID: 28575780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.05.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Although critical tools for protecting ocean habitats, Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are sometimes challenged for social impacts and conflicts they may generate. Some conflicts have an economic base, which, once understood, can be used to resolve associated socioenvironmental problems. We addressed how the fish trade in an MPA that combines no-take zones and tourist or resident zones creates incentives for increased fisheries. We performed a value chain analysis following the fish supply and trade through interviews that assessed consumer demand and preference. The results showed a simple and closed value chain driven by tourism (70% of the consumption). Both tourists and local consumers preferred high trophic level species (predators), but the former preferred large pelagics (tuna and dolphinfish) and the latter preferred reef species (barracuda and snapper). Pelagic predators are caught with fresh sardines, which are sometimes located only in the no-take zone. Pelagic species are mainly served as fillet, and the leftover fish parts end up as waste, an issue that, if properly addressed, can help reduce fishing pressure. Whereas some of the target species may be sustainable (e.g., dolphinfish), others are more vulnerable (e.g., wahoo) and should not be intensively fished. We advise setting stricter limits to the number of tourists visiting MPAs, according to their own capacity and peculiarities, in order to avoid conflicts with conservations goals through incentives for increased resource use.
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Affiliation(s)
- P F M Lopes
- Department of Ecology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil; Fisheries and Food Institute, Santos, SP, Brazil; Fishing Ecology, Management and Economics (FEME), Natal, Brazil.
| | - L Mendes
- Department of Ecology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - V Fonseca
- Graduate Program in Ecology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - S Villasante
- Faculty of Political and Social Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
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47
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Moritz C, Ducarme F, Sweet MJ, Fox MD, Zgliczynski B, Ibrahim N, Basheer A, Furby KA, Caldwell ZR, Pisapia C, Grimsditch G, Abdulla A. The “resort effect”: Can tourist islands act as refuges for coral reef species? DIVERS DISTRIB 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Moritz
- IUCN Maldives Malé Maldives
- CMOANA Consulting Punaauia French Polynesia
- USR 3278 CRIOBE PSL Research University: EPHE‐UPVD‐CNRS Moorea French Polynesia
- Laboratoire d'Excellence “CORAIL” Moorea French Polynesia
| | - Frédéric Ducarme
- Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation UMR 7204 Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle Paris France
| | - Michael J. Sweet
- Environmental Sustainability Research Centre College of Life and Natural Sciences University of Derby Derby UK
| | - Michael D. Fox
- Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA
| | - Brian Zgliczynski
- Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA
| | | | | | - Kathryn A. Furby
- Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA
| | | | - Chiara Pisapia
- IUCN Maldives Malé Maldives
- Department of Biology California State University Northridge CA USA
| | | | - Ameer Abdulla
- IUCN Maldives Malé Maldives
- Global Change Institute and Center for Biodiversity and Conservation Science University of Queensland Brisbane QLD Australia
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48
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Coleman MA, Cetina-Heredia P, Roughan M, Feng M, van Sebille E, Kelaher BP. Anticipating changes to future connectivity within a network of marine protected areas. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2017; 23:3533-3542. [PMID: 28122402 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Revised: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Continental boundary currents are projected to be altered under future scenarios of climate change. As these currents often influence dispersal and connectivity among populations of many marine organisms, changes to boundary currents may have dramatic implications for population persistence. Networks of marine protected areas (MPAs) often aim to maintain connectivity, but anticipation of the scale and extent of climatic impacts on connectivity are required to achieve this critical conservation goal in a future of climate change. For two key marine species (kelp and sea urchins), we use oceanographic modelling to predict how continental boundary currents are likely to change connectivity among a network of MPAs spanning over 1000 km of coastline off the coast of eastern Australia. Overall change in predicted connectivity among pairs of MPAs within the network did not change significantly over and above temporal variation within climatic scenarios, highlighting the need for future studies to incorporate temporal variation in dispersal to robustly anticipate likely change. However, the intricacies of connectivity between different pairs of MPAs were noteworthy. For kelp, poleward connectivity among pairs of MPAs tended to increase in the future, whereas equatorward connectivity tended to decrease. In contrast, for sea urchins, connectivity among pairs of MPAs generally decreased in both directions. Self-seeding within higher-latitude MPAs tended to increase, and the role of low-latitude MPAs as a sink for urchins changed significantly in contrasting ways. These projected changes have the potential to alter important genetic parameters with implications for adaptation and ecosystem vulnerability to climate change. Considering such changes, in the context of managing and designing MPA networks, may ensure that conservation goals are achieved into the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda A Coleman
- Department of Primary Industries, New South Wales Fisheries, PO Box 4321, Coffs Harbour, NSW, 2450, Australia
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, 2 Bay Drive, Coffs Harbour, NSW, 2450, Australia
| | - Paulina Cetina-Heredia
- Regional and Coastal Oceanography Laboratory, School of Mathematics and Statistics, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Climate Change Research Centre and ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Moninya Roughan
- Regional and Coastal Oceanography Laboratory, School of Mathematics and Statistics, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, NSW, 2088, Australia
| | - Ming Feng
- CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Indian Ocean Marine Research Centre, M097, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Erik van Sebille
- Climate Change Research Centre and ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Grantham Institute & Department of Physics, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, SW7 2AZ London, UK
| | - Brendan P Kelaher
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, 2 Bay Drive, Coffs Harbour, NSW, 2450, Australia
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49
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Antoni L, Saillant E. Spatial connectivity in an adult-sedentary reef fish with extended pelagic larval phase. Mol Ecol 2017; 26:4955-4965. [PMID: 28746775 DOI: 10.1111/mec.14263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the spatial scale of demographic connectivity in marine reef fishes dispersing pelagic larvae is a challenging task because of the technical difficulties associated with tagging and monitoring the movements of progeny at early life stages. Several studies highlighted a strong importance of local retention with levels of dispersal of ecological significance restricted to short distances. To date little information is available in species where pelagic dispersal lasts for long periods of time. In this work, population structure and connectivity were studied in the grey triggerfish, Balistes capriscus. Grey triggerfish larvae and juveniles remain associated with floating Sargassum sp. beds for an estimated period of 4-7 months before settling on benthic habitats where they remain sedentary as adults. Analysis of genetic variation among populations along the continental shelf of the northern Gulf of Mexico and U.S. east coast, encompassing over 3,100 km of coastline, revealed homogeneous allele frequencies and a weak isolation-by-distance pattern. Moment and maximum-likelihood estimates of dispersal parameters both indicated occurrence of large neighbourhoods with estimates of the dispersal distribution parameter σ of 914 and 780 km, respectively. Simulated distributions of dispersal distances using several distribution functions all featured substantial fractions of long-distance dispersal events with the 90% percentiles of travel distance prior to settlement averaging 1,809 km. These results suggest a high dependency of local recruitment on the output of nonlocal spawning stocks located hundreds of kilometres away and a reduced role of local retention in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Antoni
- Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, School of Ocean Science and Technology, The University of Southern Mississippi, Ocean Springs, MS, USA
| | - E Saillant
- Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, School of Ocean Science and Technology, The University of Southern Mississippi, Ocean Springs, MS, USA
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50
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Johansen JL, Allan BJM, Rummer JL, Esbaugh AJ. Oil exposure disrupts early life-history stages of coral reef fishes via behavioural impairments. Nat Ecol Evol 2017; 1:1146-1152. [DOI: 10.1038/s41559-017-0232-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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