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Mukhina T, Pabst G, Ruysschaert JM, Brezesinski G, Schneck E. pH-Dependent physicochemical properties of ornithine lipid in mono- and bilayers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:22778-22791. [PMID: 36111816 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01045c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In certain bacteria, phosphatidylethanolamine lipids (PEL) get largely replaced by phosphate-free ornithine lipids (OL) under conditions of phosphate starvation. It has so far been unknown how much these two lipid types deviate in their physicochemical properties, and how strongly bacteria thus have to adapt in order to compensate for the difference. Here, we use differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray scattering, and X-ray fluorescence to investigate the properties of OL with saturated C14 alkyl chains in mono- and bilayers. OL is found to have a greater tendency than chain-analogous PEL to form ordered structures and, in contrast to PEL, even a molecular superlattice based on a hydrogen bonding network between the headgroups. This superlattice is virtually electrically uncharged and persists over a wide pH range. Our results indicate that OL and PEL behave very differently in ordered single-component membranes but may behave more similarly in fluid multicomponent membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetiana Mukhina
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, TU Darmstadt, Hochschulstrase 8, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Georg Pabst
- Insitute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 3, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Jean-Marie Ruysschaert
- Laboratoire de Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Gerald Brezesinski
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, TU Darmstadt, Hochschulstrase 8, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Emanuel Schneck
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, TU Darmstadt, Hochschulstrase 8, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany.
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2
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Li W, Tao CC, Tang JP, Zhong SL. Cu-Modified La 2Si 2O 7/TiO 2 composite materials: preparation, characterization and photothermal properties. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:12192-12197. [PMID: 35894183 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01138g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cu-Modified La2Si2O7/TiO2 composite materials were prepared by the molten salt method and a solid-phase reduction strategy. Due to the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of copper, the optical response from the UV to the visible region and near-infrared is increased. In the meantime, it enhances the absorption of visible light by the titanium dioxide and acts as a plasma catalyst. The combination enhances the photothermal properties of the composite. The particle size of Cu/La2Si2O7/TiO2 is in the range of 100 to 230 nm. Results show that the composite has a good photothermal effect. The 1 mg ml-1 solution can be warmed up to 63.1 °C at 0.5 W cm-2 laser power density with a maximum temperature difference of 45 °C. It has potential applications in solar energy conversion, photothermal catalysis, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China.
| | - Chao-Chao Tao
- Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China.
| | - Jian-Ping Tang
- Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China.
| | - Sheng-Liang Zhong
- Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China.
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Zhang P, Pham T, Zheng X, Liu C, Plata PL, Král P, Bu W, Lin B, Liu Y. Spontaneous collapse of palmitic acid films on an alkaline buffer containing calcium ions. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 193:111100. [PMID: 32408262 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the interaction of ions with fatty acids is important to identify their roles in various bioprocesses and to build novel biomimetic systems. In this study, the molecular organization of palmitic acid (PA) films on alkaline buffer solutions (pH 7.4) with and without divalent Ca2+ was measured at a constant surface area using Langmuir troughs coupled with microscopy and X-ray interfacial techniques. Without Ca2+, PA molecules remained a monolayer organization; however, with Ca2+, formation of the inverted bilayers of PA-Ca2+ superstructures caused a spontaneous 2D to 3D transformation under no compression due to the strong interaction between PA and the divalent cation. Self-assembly of this highly-organized inverted bilayer superstructure involved a two-step process of nucleation and nuclei growth. During nucleation, densely packed PA and Ca2+ monolayer firstly corrugated and some of PA and Ca2+ molecules ejected out from the monolayer; the ejected molecules then reorganized and formed the inverted bilayer nuclei. Nucleation was followed by nuclei growth, during which PA and Ca2+ in the monolayer kept integrating into the inverted bilayer structure through molecule migration and PA rotation around Ca2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, United States
| | - Tiep Pham
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, United States
| | - Xin Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, United States
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, United States
| | - Paola Leon Plata
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, United States
| | - Petr Král
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, United States; Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, United States; Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, United States; Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, United States
| | - Wei Bu
- NSF's ChemMatCARS, University of Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Binhua Lin
- NSF's ChemMatCARS, University of Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, United States; Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, United States.
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Brezesinski G, Calow ADJ, Pereira CL, Seeberger PH. Thermodynamic and Structural Behavior of α-Galactosylceramide and C6-Functionalized α-GalCer in 2D Layers at the Air-Liquid Interface. Chembiochem 2020; 21:241-247. [PMID: 31544285 PMCID: PMC7004034 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
α-Galactosylceramide (α-GalCer; KRN7000) is a ligand for the glycoprotein CD1d that presents lipid antigens to natural killer T cells. Therefore, KRN7000 as well as some modified versions thereof have been widely investigated as part of novel immunotherapies. To examine the impact of structural modification, we investigated KRN7000 and C6-modified KRN7000 at the air-liquid interface using monolayer isotherms, BAM, IRRAS, GIXD, and TRXF. The amino group has no influence on the highly ordered sub-gel structures found at lateral pressures relevant for biological membranes. Neither lateral compression nor the protonation state of the amino group has a measurable effect on the lattice structure, which is defined by strong and rigid intermolecular hydrogen bonds. However, the first-order phase transition found for the C6-functionalized α-GalCer is connected with an extraordinary surface-inhibited nucleation. Our study demonstrates that KRN7000 can be functionalized at C6 without significantly changing the structural properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Brezesinski
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesBiomolecular Systems DepartmentAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Adam D. J. Calow
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesBiomolecular Systems DepartmentAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Claney L. Pereira
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesBiomolecular Systems DepartmentAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Peter H. Seeberger
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesBiomolecular Systems DepartmentAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
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Brezesinski G, Schneck E. Investigating Ions at Amphiphilic Monolayers with X-ray Fluorescence. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:8531-8542. [PMID: 30835476 PMCID: PMC6727669 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Amphiphilic monolayers formed at the soft air/liquid interface are easy-to-handle and versatile model systems for material and life sciences. Helmuth Möhwald was one of the pioneers in this field. Over the last few decades, total-reflection X-ray fluorescence (TRXF) has become an important analytical tool for the investigation of monolayer interactions with ions. Here, the theoretical background of TRXF is described, and practical aspects are discussed. The experimentally determined fluorescence intensity from the adsorbed ions can be interpreted quantitatively either by a calibration procedure utilizing monolayers with known charge density or by calibration with respect to the bare aqueous surface. Both calibration approaches yield quantitatively consistent results within <10% accuracy. Some examples demonstrating the power of TRXF for the study of ion adsorption to charged and noncharged monolayers as well as for the characterization of the physicochemical properties of novel cationic lipids used for improved gene delivery are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Brezesinski
- Max Planck Institute of
Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Emanuel Schneck
- Max Planck Institute of
Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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Kaleta J, Wen J, Magnera TF, Dron PI, Zhu C, Michl J. Structure of a monolayer of molecular rotors on aqueous subphase from grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:9373-9378. [PMID: 29572428 PMCID: PMC6156617 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1712789115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In situ grazing-incidence X-ray scattering shows that a monolayer of artificial rod-shaped dipolar molecular rotors produced on the surface of an aqueous subphase in a Langmuir trough has a structure conducive to a 2D ferroelectric phase. The axes of the rotors stand an average of 0.83 nm apart in a triangular grid, perpendicular to the surface within experimental error. They carry 2,3-dichlorophenylene rotators near rod centers, between two decks of interlocked triptycenes installed axially on the rotor axle. The analysis is based first on simultaneous fitting of observed Bragg rods and second on fitting the reflectivity curve with only three adjustable parameters and the calculated rotor electron density, which also revealed the presence of about seven molecules of water near each rotator. Dependent on preparation conditions, a minor and variable amount of a different crystal phase may also be present in the monolayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Kaleta
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309
| | - Jin Wen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Thomas F Magnera
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309
| | - Paul I Dron
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309
| | - Chenhui Zhu
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Josef Michl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic;
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309
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7
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Miller M, Chu M, Lin B, Bu W, Dutta P. Atomic Number Dependent "Structural Transitions" in Ordered Lanthanide Monolayers: Role of the Hydration Shell. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:1412-1418. [PMID: 28107635 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b04609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
When lanthanide ions are present in the aqueous subphase of a floating monolayer (Langmuir film), the ions attracted to the interface will in many cases form commensurate and/or incommensurate two-dimensional structures. These lattices depend not only on the molecules forming the monolayer, but also on the atomic number of the lanthanide, with a sudden change between the lattice formed by lighter ions and that formed by heavier ions under a given monolayer. Since there are few other relevant differences between the lanthanides, we attribute the Z-dependent "transition" to the number of water molecules associated with each ion. The first hydration shell is thought to vary continuously from ∼9 in lighter lanthanides to ∼8 in heavier lanthanides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell Miller
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Miaoqi Chu
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Binhua Lin
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Wei Bu
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Pulak Dutta
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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Miller M, Chu M, Lin B, Meron M, Dutta P. Observation of Ordered Structures in Counterion Layers near Wet Charged Surfaces: A Potential Mechanism for Charge Inversion. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:73-77. [PMID: 26691202 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b04058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Charged (e.g., colloidal) particles in aqueous solutions will sometimes behave as though their effective charge has reversed, rather than reduced, by the attracted counterions. This is counterintuitive because it increases the electrostatic energy, but it has been proposed that lateral ordering of the ions could lower the free energy and favor overcharging (charge inversion). Using X-ray diffraction, we have observed sharp diffraction peaks from incommensurate Er(3+) counterion monolayers near charged surfaces formed by floating molecular monolayers. When the counterion lattice does not match the molecular surface lattice, this means that there is no specific attachment of ions, and thus the ionic lattice is formed due to interactions between charges in the counterlayer. Therefore, the existence of incommensurate ion lattices indicates that counterion ordering is a realistic mechanism. However, in this system our data rule out a well-known proposed "physical" mechanism-the Wigner liquid phase driven by Coulomb interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell Miller
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Miaoqi Chu
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Binhua Lin
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Mati Meron
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Pulak Dutta
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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9
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Stefaniu C, Brezesinski G. Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction studies of condensed double-chain phospholipid monolayers formed at the soft air/water interface. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2014; 207:265-79. [PMID: 24507806 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Revised: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The use of highly brilliant synchrotron light sources in the middle of the 1980s for X-ray diffraction has revolutionized the research of condensed monolayers. Since then, monolayers gained popularity as convenient quasi two-dimensional model systems widely used in biophysics and material science. This review focuses on structures observed in one-component phospholipid monolayers used as simplified two-dimensional models of biological membranes. In a monolayer system the phase transitions can be easily triggered at constant temperature by increasing the packing density of the lipids by compression. Simultaneously the monolayer structure changes are followed in situ by grazing incidence X-ray diffraction. Competing interactions between the different parts of the molecule are responsible for the different monolayer structures. These forces can be modified by chemical variations of the hydrophobic chain region, of the hydrophilic head group region or of the interfacial region between chains and head groups. Modifications of monolayer structures triggered by changes of the chemical structure of double-chain phospholipids are highlighted in this paper.
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10
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Bal JK, Kundu S, Hazra S. Role of metal ions in growth and stability of Langmuir-Blodgett films on homogeneous and heterogeneous surfaces. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2012; 35:79. [PMID: 22918612 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2012-12079-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2012] [Revised: 05/27/2012] [Accepted: 07/18/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Structure and stability of cadmium arachidate (CdA) Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films on homogeneous (i.e., OH-, H-passivated Si(001) substrates) and heterogeneous (i.e., Br-passivated Si(001) substrates) surfaces were studied using X-ray reflectivity and atomic force microscopy techniques and compared with those of nickel arachidate (NiA) LB films. While on OH-passivated Si, an asymmetric monolayer (AML) structure starts to grow, on H-passivated Si, a symmetric monolayer (SML) of CdA forms, although for both the films, pinhole-type defects are present as usual. However, on heterogeneous Br-passivated Si substrates, a combination of AML, SML, shifted SML and SML on top of AML (i.e., AML/SML), all types of structures are found to grow in such a way that, due to the variation of heights in the out-of-plane direction, ring-shaped in-plane nanopatterns of CdA molecules are generated. Probably due to stronger head-head interactions and higher metal ion-carboxylic ligand bond strength for CdA molecules compared to NiA, easy flipping of SML on top of another preformed SML, i.e. a SML/SML structure formation was not possible and as a result a wave-like modulation is observed for the CdA film on such heterogeneous substrate. The presence of hydrophilic/hydrophobic interfacial stress on the heterogeneous substrate thus modifies the deposited molecular structure so that the top surface morphology for a CdA film is similar to monolayer buckling while that for NiA film is similar to monolayer collapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Bal
- Surface Physics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India.
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11
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Upcher A, Lifshitz Y, Zeiri L, Golan Y, Berman A. Effect of metal cations on polydiacetylene Langmuir films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:4248-4258. [PMID: 22288778 DOI: 10.1021/la204735t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Polydiacetylene (PDA) Langmuir films (LFs) are a unique class of materials that couple a highly aligned conjugated backbone with tailorable pendant side groups and terminal functionalities. The films exhibit chromatic transitions from monomer to blue polymer and finally to a red phase that can be activated optically, thermally, chemically, and mechanically. The properties of PDA LFs are strongly affected by the presence of metal cations in the aqueous subphase of the film due to their interaction with the carboxylic head groups of the polymer. In the present study the influence of divalent cadmium, barium, copper, and lead cations on the structural, morphological, and optical properties of PDA LFs was investigated by means of surface pressure-molecular area (π-A) isotherms, atomic force microscopy, optical absorbance, and Raman spectroscopy. The threshold concentrations for the influence of metal cations on the film structure, stability, and phase transformation were determined by π-A analyses. It was found that each of the investigated cations has a unique influence on the properties of PDA LFs. Cadmium cations induce moderate phase transition kinetics with reduced domain size and fragmented morphology. Barium cations contribute to stabilization of the PDA blue phase and enhanced linear strand morphology. On the other hand, copper cations enhance rapid formation of the PDA red phase and cause fragmented morphology of the film, while the presence of lead cations results in severe perturbation of the film with only a small area of the film able to be effectively polymerized. The influence of the metal cations is correlated with the solubility product (K(sp)), association strength, and ionic-covalent bond nature between the metal cations and the PDA carboxylic head groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Upcher
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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Liu Q, Li Y, Liu H, Jiang J, Bian Y. Interfacial assembly of sandwich mixed (Phthalocyaninato)(Porphyrinato) rare earth triple-decker complexes. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2011.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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13
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Schwartz DK, Garnaes J, Viswanathan R, Zasadzinski JA. Surface order and stability of langmuir-blodgett films. Science 2010; 257:508-11. [PMID: 17778681 DOI: 10.1126/science.257.5069.508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Angstrom-resolution atomic force microscope images of Langmuir-Blodgett monolayers and multilayers of cadmium arachidate in air and under water show a dramatic change from a disordered arrangement to a crystalline lattice by the addition or removal of a single layer of molecules. The disordered surface is less stable than the ordered one to mechanical stresses such as atomic force microscopy tip forces or at the air-water contact line during contact angle measurements. The difference in the degree of order in the alkyl chains is attributed to the strong attractive interaction between headgroups in the presence of the divalent cation.
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14
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Pershan PS. X-ray studies of the thickness and roughness of thin adsorbed fluid layers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/bbpc.19940980317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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15
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Laanait N, Yoon J, Hou B, Vanysek P, Meron M, Lin B, Luo G, Benjamin I, Schlossman ML. Communications: Monovalent ion condensation at the electrified liquid/liquid interface. J Chem Phys 2010; 132:171101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3428395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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16
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Miller CE, Majewski J, Gog T, Kuhl TL. Grazing incidence diffraction of cadmium arachidate multilayers at the solid-liquid interface. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1524/zkri.2005.220.12.987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Using complementary X-ray reflectivity (XR) and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD), we report structural studies of supported thin-organic layers in contact with water and air. Using a monochromatic synchrotron beam to penetrate 10 mm of liquid, we have characterized buried films composed of 12.5 repeating bilayers of arachidic acid (C20H40O2) complexed with cadmium ions (cadmium arachidate, CdAr2). We found that the layered structure of the CdAr2 multilayers do not exhibit rearrangement after exposure to water with negligible water penetration into the inner layers when compared to their dry state. These findings are consistent with the formation of extremely robust CdAr2 multilayers that can withstand multiple rinses in strong organic solvents, acid, and mechanical wear. The second goal was to demonstrate the feasibility of similar experiments to study much thinner single bilayer bio-membranes. These studies are the first successful GIXD experiments of ultra thin-organic film composed of a few layers at the solid-liquid interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad E. Miller
- University of California, Biophysics Graduate Group, Davis, California, U.S.A
| | - Jaroslaw Majewski
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Manuel Lujan Neutron Scattering Center, Los Alamos, New Mexiko, U.S.A
| | - Thomas Gog
- Argonne National Laboratory, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne, U.S.A
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17
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Petrov JG, Andreeva TD, Moehwald H. Dipolar interactions and miscibility in binary Langmuir monolayers with opposite dipole moments of the hydrophilic heads. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:3659-3666. [PMID: 19708148 DOI: 10.1021/la804136j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We investigate unusual binary Langmuir monolayers with the same long CH3(CH2)21 hydrocarbon chains and fluorinated -O-CH2CF3 (FEE) versus nonfluorinated -O-CH2CH3 (EE) hydrophilic heads, whose opposite dipoles assist miscibility, in contrast to the equally oriented polar head dipoles of almost all natural or synthetic amphiphiles that minister to phase separation. Although two-component bulk micelles, lipid bilayers, and monolayers with fluorinated and nonfluorinated chains, which also have opposite dipoles, often show phase separation, we find complete miscibility and nonideality of the FEE-EE mixtures demonstrated via deviation of the composition dependencies of the mean molecular area at fixed surface pressure from the additivity rule. The composition dependencies of the excess molecular areas exhibit minima and maxima which show specific structural changes at particular compositions. They originate from the dipolar and steric interactions between the polar heads, because the interactions between the same chains of FEE and EE do not vary. The pi/A isotherms and the pi/X(FEE) phase diagram reveal that mixtures with molar fractions X(FEE) > or = 0.3 exist in an upright solid phase even in uncompressed state. This result is confirmed by the compressibility values and via Brewster angle microscopy, which does not show optical anisotropy at X(FEE) > or = 0.3. Comparison of the collapse and phase-transition molecular areas with literature data suggests that the upright architecture corresponds to LS-phase or S-phase with more defects as the S-phase in the pure monolayers. The mixtures with X(FEE) < 0.3 exist in tilted L2' phase at low surface pressures. Their mean molecular areas are smaller than the corresponding values in the EE film, which manifests reduction of the tilt of the EE chains with increasing FEE content. We ascribe the chain erection to partial dehydration of the EE heads caused by dipolar attraction between the EE and FEE heads. The excess free energy of mixing deltaG(exc)pi is positive but much smaller than the negative total free energy of mixing AG mix(pi) showing a spontaneous miscibility at all compositions due to an entropy increase. The analysis of the conflict between the deltaG(mix)pi minimum at molar fraction X(FEE) = 0.5 and the minimum and negative value of the excess molecular area A(pi,exc) at X(FEE) = 0.8 shows that the A(pi,exc)/X(FEE) minimum has not an electrostatic but a short-range structural origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan G Petrov
- Institute of Biophysics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences; 1 Acad. G. Bonchev Str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
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Kraack H, Tamam L, Sloutskin E, Deutsch M, Ocko BM. Alkyl-thiol Langmuir films on the surface of liquid mercury. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:7571-82. [PMID: 17539663 DOI: 10.1021/la0701430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The coverage dependent phase behavior of monolayers of alkyl thiols (CH3(CH2)(n-1)SH, denoted as CnSH) on mercury was studied for chain lengths 9 <or= n <or= 22, using surface tensiometry and surface-specific X-ray scattering methods. At low coverage, a disordered single layer of surface-parallel molecules is found for all n. At high coverage, a monolayer of standing-up molecules is formed, exhibiting well-ordered phases, the structure of which is n- and coverage-dependent. The molecular chains pack in a centered rectangular unit cell, with an approximately 27 degrees tilt from the surface normal toward nearest neighbors. The strong sulfur-mercury bond induces a noncentered unit cell for the headgroups, incorporating one mercury atom per two thiol molecules. The small but significant differences in structure of these films on gold and on mercury are discussed and assigned to the different structure of the subphase: long-range-ordered crystal for gold and short-range-ordered liquid for mercury.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kraack
- Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
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20
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Molecular Self-Assembly into Crystals at Air-Liquid Interfaces. ADVANCES IN CHEMICAL PHYSICS 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470141618.ch2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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21
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Vaknin D, Bu W, Satija SK, Travesset A. Ordering by collapse: formation of bilayer and trilayer crystals by folding Langmuir monolayers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:1888-97. [PMID: 17279671 DOI: 10.1021/la062672u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Neutron and synchrotron X-ray studies of arachidic-acid monolayers compressed to the collapse region, beyond their densely packed molecular area, reveal that the resulting structures exhibit a surprising degree of reproducibility and of order. The structure of the collapsed monolayers differs for films that are spread on pure water or on CaCl2 solutions. On pure water, the collapsed monolayer forms a stable crystalline trilayer structure, with acyl-chain in-plane packing practically identical to the three-dimensional (3D) crystal structure of fatty acids. For monolayers spread on Ca2+ solutions, the collapsed film consists of a bi- and trilayer mixture with a ratio that changes by the collapse protocol. Our analysis suggests that the bilayer structure is inverted, i.e., with the hydrophobic tails in contact with the water surface and the calcium ions bridging the polar heads. The inverted bilayer structure possesses a well-ordered crystalline slab of calcium oxalate monohydrate intercalated between two acyl chains. We provide theoretical arguments rationalizing that the observed structures have lower free energies compared with other possible structures and contend that the collapsed structures may, under certain circumstances, form spontaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Vaknin
- Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
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22
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Kundu S, Datta A. Fatty-acid monolayers and metal ions: First step towards a new look. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2006.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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23
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Luo G, Malkova S, Yoon J, Schultz DG, Lin B, Meron M, Benjamin I, Vanýsek P, Schlossman ML. Ion distributions at the nitrobenzene–water interface electrified by a common ion. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2006.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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24
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Luo G, Malkova S, Yoon J, Schultz DG, Lin B, Meron M, Benjamin I, Vanysek P, Schlossman ML. Ion Distributions near a Liquid-Liquid Interface. Science 2006; 311:216-8. [PMID: 16410522 DOI: 10.1126/science.1120392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Mean field theories of ion distributions, such as the Gouy-Chapman theory that describes the distribution near a charged planar surface, ignore the molecular-scale structure in the liquid solution. The predictions of the Gouy-Chapman theory vary substantially from our x-ray reflectivity measurements of the interface between two electrolyte solutions. Molecular dynamics simulations, which include the liquid structure, were used to calculate the potential of mean force on a single ion. We used this potential of mean force in a generalized Poisson-Boltzmann equation to predict the full ion distributions. These distributions agree with our measurements without any adjustable parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangming Luo
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
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25
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Ocko BM, Kraack H, Pershan PS, Sloutskin E, Tamam L, Deutsch M. Crystalline phases of alkyl-thiol monolayers on liquid mercury. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 94:017802. [PMID: 15698133 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.017802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The structure of octadecanethiol monolyers on liquid Hg surfaces, measured with subangstrom resolution, evolves with increasing coverage from a laterally disordered phase of surface-parallel molecules to ordered rotator phases of surface-normal molecules. For the latter, an abrupt transition is found at 19 A(2)/molecule from a rectangular packing of molecules tilted by 27 degrees in the nearest-neighbor direction to a hexagonal unit cell of untilted molecules. The unit cell of the tilted phase is centered for the chains and noncentered for the headgroups. The thiol headgroups associate in pairs with a single Hg atom, and the bonds form long-range orientational order. The different order of thiols on Au(111) and on Hg highlights the subphase's role in determining the overlayer's structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Ocko
- Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
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26
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Miller CE, Majewski J, Gog T, Kuhl TL. Grazing incidence diffraction of cadmium arachidate multilayers at the solid-liquid interface. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1524/zkri.2005.220.12_2005.987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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27
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Boyanov MI, Kmetko J, Shibata T, Datta A, Dutta P, Bunker BA. Mechanism of Pb Adsorption to Fatty Acid Langmuir Monolayers Studied by X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0341772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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28
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Crystalline self-assembly of organic molecules with metal ions at the air–aqueous solution interface. A grazing incidence X-ray scattering study. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0927-7757(02)00112-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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29
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Kmetko J, Datta A, Evmenenko G, Dutta P. The Effects of Divalent Ions on Langmuir Monolayer and Subphase Structure: A Grazing-Incidence Diffraction and Bragg Rod Study. J Phys Chem B 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0122169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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30
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Takamoto DY, Aydil E, Zasadzinski JA, Ivanova AT, Schwartz DK, Yang T, Cremer PS. Stable ordering in Langmuir-Blodgett films. Science 2001; 293:1292-5. [PMID: 11509723 DOI: 10.1126/science.1060018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Defects in the layering of Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films can be eliminated by depositing from the appropriate monolayer phase at the air-water interface. LB films deposited from the hexagonal phase of cadmium arachidate (CdA2) at pH 7 spontaneously transform into the bulk soap structure, a centrosymmetric bilayer with an orthorhombic herringbone packing. A large wavelength folding mechanism accelerates the conversion between the two structures, leading to a disruption of the desired layering. At pH > 8.5, though it is more difficult to draw LB films, almost perfect layering is obtained due to the inability to convert from the as-deposited structure to the equilibrium one.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Y Takamoto
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
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31
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Ren Y, Hossain MM, Iimura KI, Kato T. CH3(CH2)nCOOH/Cd2+System on the Aqueous Cadmium Acetate Solution Investigated in Situ by Polarization Modulation Infrared Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp010689+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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32
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Kuzmenko I, Rapaport H, Kjaer K, Als-Nielsen J, Weissbuch I, Lahav M, Leiserowitz L. Design and characterization of crystalline thin film architectures at the air-liquid interface: simplicity to complexity. Chem Rev 2001; 101:1659-96. [PMID: 11709995 DOI: 10.1021/cr990038y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I Kuzmenko
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
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33
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Ren Y, Iimura KI, Kato T. Crystal lattice transition of behenic acid monolayer on pure water surface observed by polarization modulation infrared spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1366317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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34
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Ren Y, Iimura KI, Kato T. Crystal lattice of the cadmium alkanoate monolayer at the air/water interface investigated by polarization modulation infrared spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1342862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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35
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Jensen TR, Kjaer K. Structural Properties and Interactions of Thin Films at the Air-Liquid Interface Explored by Synchrotron X-Ray Scattering. STUDIES IN INTERFACE SCIENCE 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s1383-7303(01)80028-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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36
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Rapaport H, Kuzmenko I, Berfeld M, Kjaer K, Als-Nielsen J, Popovitz-Biro R, Weissbuch I, Lahav M, Leiserowitz L. From Nucleation to Engineering of Crystalline Architectures at Air−Liquid Interfaces. J Phys Chem B 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp991439k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Rapaport
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel, Condensed Matter Physics and Chemistry Department, RisØ National Laboratory, DK 4000, Roskilde, Denmark, and Niels Bohr Institute, H. C. Ørsted Laboratory, DK 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ivan Kuzmenko
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel, Condensed Matter Physics and Chemistry Department, RisØ National Laboratory, DK 4000, Roskilde, Denmark, and Niels Bohr Institute, H. C. Ørsted Laboratory, DK 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mary Berfeld
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel, Condensed Matter Physics and Chemistry Department, RisØ National Laboratory, DK 4000, Roskilde, Denmark, and Niels Bohr Institute, H. C. Ørsted Laboratory, DK 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristian Kjaer
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel, Condensed Matter Physics and Chemistry Department, RisØ National Laboratory, DK 4000, Roskilde, Denmark, and Niels Bohr Institute, H. C. Ørsted Laboratory, DK 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Als-Nielsen
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel, Condensed Matter Physics and Chemistry Department, RisØ National Laboratory, DK 4000, Roskilde, Denmark, and Niels Bohr Institute, H. C. Ørsted Laboratory, DK 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ronit Popovitz-Biro
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel, Condensed Matter Physics and Chemistry Department, RisØ National Laboratory, DK 4000, Roskilde, Denmark, and Niels Bohr Institute, H. C. Ørsted Laboratory, DK 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Isabelle Weissbuch
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel, Condensed Matter Physics and Chemistry Department, RisØ National Laboratory, DK 4000, Roskilde, Denmark, and Niels Bohr Institute, H. C. Ørsted Laboratory, DK 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Meir Lahav
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel, Condensed Matter Physics and Chemistry Department, RisØ National Laboratory, DK 4000, Roskilde, Denmark, and Niels Bohr Institute, H. C. Ørsted Laboratory, DK 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Leslie Leiserowitz
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel, Condensed Matter Physics and Chemistry Department, RisØ National Laboratory, DK 4000, Roskilde, Denmark, and Niels Bohr Institute, H. C. Ørsted Laboratory, DK 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
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37
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Vitta S, Metzger TH, Major SS. Structural assembly of Cd-arachidate molecules in multilayers. J Chem Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1063/1.480467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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38
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Aizenberg J, Black AJ, Whitesides GM. Oriented Growth of Calcite Controlled by Self-Assembled Monolayers of Functionalized Alkanethiols Supported on Gold and Silver. J Am Chem Soc 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ja984254k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 421] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Aizenberg
- Contribution from Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, 600 Mountain Avenue, Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974, and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - Andrew J. Black
- Contribution from Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, 600 Mountain Avenue, Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974, and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - George M. Whitesides
- Contribution from Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, 600 Mountain Avenue, Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974, and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
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39
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Watanabe I, Tanida H, Kawauchi S. Coordination Structure of Zinc(II) Ions on a Langmuir Monolayer, Observed by Total-Reflection X-ray Absorption Fine Structure. J Am Chem Soc 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/ja971458c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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40
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Datta A, Sanyal MK, Dhanabalan A, Major SS. Formation of Highly Condensed Ferric Stearate Monolayers at the Air−Water Interface. J Phys Chem B 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp971703e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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41
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Sastry M, Patil V, Mayya KS. Selective Binding of Divalent Cations at the Surface of Self-Assembled Monolayers of an Aromatic Bifunctional Molecule Studied on a Quartz Crystal Microbalance. J Phys Chem B 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp962630m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Murali Sastry
- Materials Chemistry Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411 008, India
| | - Vijaya Patil
- Materials Chemistry Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411 008, India
| | - K. S. Mayya
- Materials Chemistry Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411 008, India
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42
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Abstract
To adapt proteins, the materials in life, for use as materials in science and technology, we focused not only on the biological aspects (functional aspects) but also on the material aspects as matter (structural and physical aspects). Engineering with protein arrays will develop under such consideration and advance toward stable devices made of protein molecules. The protein arrays with 2D crystalline order provide a primary model of macroscopic protein-based devices. The combination of protein engineering, the leading edge of life science, and array engineering, the leading edge of materials science, will provide clues to the controlled integration of protein molecules to a form of functional supramolecules on proper surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nagayama
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Japan
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43
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Nitz V, Tolan M, Schlomka J, Seeck OH, Stettner J, Press W, Stelzle M, Sackmann E. Correlations in the interface structure of Langmuir-Blodgett films observed by x-ray scattering. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 54:5038-5050. [PMID: 9986468 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.5038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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44
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Peterson IR, Kenn RM, Goudot A, Fontaine P, Rondelez F, Bouwman WG, Kjaer K. Chiral and herringbone symmetry breaking in water-surface monolayers. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1996; 53:667-673. [PMID: 9964297 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.53.667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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45
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46
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Oriented Growth of Nanocrystalline Particulate Films at Monolayers: A Colloid Chemical Approach to Advanced Materials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-523485-6.50009-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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47
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Applications of atomic force microscopy to structural characterization of organic thin films. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0927-7757(94)80002-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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48
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Garnaes J, Larsen NB, Bjørnholm T, Jørgensen M, Kjaer K, Als-Nielsen J, Jørgensen JF, Zasadzinski JA. Langmuir-Blodgett Films of a Functionalized Molecule with Cross-Sectional Mismatch Between Head and Tail. Science 1994; 264:1301-4. [PMID: 17780847 DOI: 10.1126/science.264.5163.1301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
A functionalized surfactant has been investigated as floating monolayers by synchrotron x-ray diffraction and as bilayers transferred to solid supports by the Langmuir-Blodgett technique through atomic force microscopy. The transfer process is accompanied by an increase of the unit cell area (about 17 percent) and by an increase of the average domain diameter of nanometer-scale domains (about three times). The unit cell area of the floating monolayer corresponds to close packing of the head groups and a noncharacteristic packing of the tifted alkyl chains. The larger unit cell area of the bilayer film is consistent with a particular ordered packing of the alkyl chains, leaving free space for the head groups.
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49
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Abstract
The controlled transfer of organized monolayers of amphiphilic molecules from the airwater interface to a solid substrate was the first molecular-scale technology for the creation of new materials. However, the potential benefits of the technology envisioned by Langmuir and Blodgett in the 1930s have yet to be fully realized. Problems of reproducibility and defects and the lack of basic understanding of the packing of complex molecules in thin films have continued to thwart practical applications of Langmuir-Blodgett films and devices made from such films. However, modern high-resolution x-ray diffraction and scanning probe microscopy have proven to be ideal tools to resolve many of the basic questions involving thin organic films. Here, studies are presented of molecular order and organization in thin films of fatty acid salts, the prototypical system of Katharine Blodgett. Even these relatively simple systems present liquid, hexatic, and crystalline order; van der Waals and strained layer epitaxy on various substrates; wide variations in crystal symmetry and interfacial area with counterions; modulated superstructures; and coexisting lattice structures. The wide variety of possible structures presents both a challenge and an opportunity for future molecular design of organic thin-film devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Zasadzinski
- Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara 93106
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50
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Majewski J, Margulis L, Jacquemain D, Leveiller F, Bohm C, Arad T, Talmon Y, Lahav M, Leiserowitz L. Electron Diffraction and Imaging of Uncompressed Monolayers of Amphiphilic Molecules on Vitreous and Hexagonal Ice. Science 1993; 261:899-902. [PMID: 17783738 DOI: 10.1126/science.261.5123.899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
A new approach is described for probing domains of ordered self-assemblies of amphiphilic monolayers at the aqueous solution interface. The method has potential importance for the study of membrane structure, Langmuir-Blodgett films, and nucleation processes of two-and three-dimensional crystals. Electron diffraction (ED) patterns indicative of two-dimensional crystalline self-assembly were obtained from samples, which were examined by cryo-electron microscopy, of monolayers of water-insoluble amphiphiles on vitrified aqueour substrates. The apparent hexagonal symmetry of an ED pattern from a C(16)H(33)OH monolayer was interpreted in terms of multiple twinning. Monolayers of the CL(31)H(63)OH and cadmium salt of C(19)H(39)CO(2)H that were studied by dark-field techniques displayed faceted two-dimensional crystallites with a maximal size of 1 to 2 micrometers. Epitaxial nucleation of hexagonal ice by the C(31)H(63)OH monolayer has also been demonstrated by ED.
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