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Zenkov AV, Sushko ES, Mogilnaya OA, Volochaev MN, Shabanov AV, Kamnev AA, Tugarova AV, Kudryasheva NS. Application of the luminous bacterium Photobacterium phosphoreum for toxicity monitoring of selenite and its reduction to selenium(0) nanoparticles. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 325:125078. [PMID: 39250849 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.125078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Luminous marine bacteria are traditionally used as a bioassay due to the convenience and high rate of registering the intensity of their physiological function - luminescence. This study aimed to develop the application of Photobacterium phosphoreum in traditional and novel fields - toxicity monitoring and biotechnology. We demonstrated (1) effects of selenite ions on bioluminescence, and (2) biotransformation of selenite to selenium(0) in the form of nanoparticles. The effects of selenite (SeO32-) on the intensity of bacterial bioluminescence were studied, and its dependencies on exposure time and concentration of Na2SeO3 were analyzed. Bioluminescence activation and inhibition were revealed; dose-effect dependencies corresponded to the hormesis model. The toxicity of SeO32- was characterized by an effective concentration of 10-3 M. Effects of SeO32- on reactive oxygen species (ROS) in bacterial suspensions were studied. High positive correlations were found between the bioluminescence intensity and ROS content, which indicates the decisive role of ROS and associated redox processes in the bioeffects of selenite ions. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of nano-structures in the bacteria exposed to selenite. The energy dispersion spectrum detected a high content of selenium in the nanoparticles. The particle size distribution depended on Na2SeO3 concentration; maxima of the distribution varied within 45-55 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei V Zenkov
- School of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina S Sushko
- School of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS", 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; Institute of Physics SB RAS, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS", 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
| | - Olga A Mogilnaya
- Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS", 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Mikhail N Volochaev
- Institute of Physics SB RAS, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS", 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Alexandr V Shabanov
- Institute of Physics SB RAS, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS", 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Alexander A Kamnev
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Saratov Federal Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 410049 Saratov, Russia
| | - Anna V Tugarova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Saratov Federal Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 410049 Saratov, Russia
| | - Nadezhda S Kudryasheva
- School of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS", 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
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Awad MM, Abdelgawad MH, Aboelezz E, Ereiba KT. Biomarker dosimetry of acute low level of thermal neutrons and radiation adaptive response effect on rats. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18534. [PMID: 39122766 PMCID: PMC11316017 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68640-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we demonstrated the biological effects of acute low-dose neutrons on the whole body of rats and investigated the impact of that level of neutron dose to induce an in vivo radio-adaptive response. To understand the radio-adaptive response, the examined animals were exposed to acute neutron radiation doses of 5 and 10 mSv, followed by a 50 mSv challenge dose after 14 days. After irradiation, all groups receiving single and double doses were kept in cages for one day before sampling. The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) method was used to estimate the radiation-induced radicals in the blood, and some hematological parameters and lipid peroxidation (MDA) were determined. A comet assay was performed beside some of the antioxidant enzymes [catalase enzyme (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH)]. Seven groups of adult male rats were classified according to their dose of neutron exposure. Measurements of all studied markers are taken one week after harvesting, except for hematological markers, within 2 h. The results indicated lower production of antioxidant enzymes (CAT by 1.18-5.83%, SOD by 1.47-17.8%, and GSH by 11.3-82.1%). Additionally, there was an increase in red cell distribution width (RDW) (from 4.61 to 25.19%) and in comet assay parameters such as Tail Length, (from 6.16 to 10.81 µm), Tail Moment, (from 1.17 to 2.46 µm), and percentage of DNA in tail length (DNA%) (from 9.58 to 17.32%) in all groups exposed to acute doses of radiation ranging from 5 to 50 mSv, respectively. This emphasizes the ascending harmful effect with the increased acute thermal neutron doses. The values of the introduced factor of radio adaptive response for all markers under study reveal that the lower priming dose promotes a higher adaptation response and vice versa. Ultimately, the results indicate significant variations in DNA%, SOD enzyme levels, EPR intensity, total Hb concentration, and RDWs, suggesting their potential use as biomarkers for acute thermal neutron dosimetry. Further research is necessary to validate these measurements as biodosimetry for radiation exposure, including investigations involving the response impact of RAR with varied challenge doses and post-irradiation behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misara M Awad
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Eslam Aboelezz
- Ionizing Radiation Metrology Department, National Institute of Standards (NIS), Giza, Egypt.
| | - Khairy T Ereiba
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Stepin EA, Sushko ES, Vnukova NG, Churilov GN, Rogova AV, Tomilin FN, Kudryasheva NS. Effects of Endohedral Gd-Containing Fullerenols with a Different Number of Oxygen Substituents on Bacterial Bioluminescence. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:708. [PMID: 38255785 PMCID: PMC10815327 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Gadolinium (Gd)-containing fullerenols are perspective agents for magnetic resonance imaging and cancer research. They combine the unique paramagnetic properties of Gd with solubility in water, low toxicity and antiradical activity of fullerenols. We compared the bioeffects of two Gd-containing fullerenols with a different number of oxygen groups-20 and 42: Gd@C82O20H14 and Gd@C82O42H32. The bioluminescent bacteria-based assay was applied to monitor the toxicity of fullerenols, bioluminescence was applied as a signal physiological parameter, and bacterial enzyme-based assay was used to evaluate the fullerenol effects on enzymatic intracellular processes. Chemiluminescence luminol assay was applied to monitor the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in bacterial and enzymatic media. It was shown that Gd@C82O42H32 and Gd@C82O20H14 inhibited bacterial bioluminescence at >10-1 and >10-2 gL-1, respectively, revealing a lower toxicity of Gd@C82O42H32. Low-concentration (10-3-10-1 gL-1) bacterial bioluminescence activation by Gd@C82O42H32 was observed, while this activation was not found under exposure to Gd@C82O20H14. Additional carboxyl groups in the structure of Gd@C82O42H32 were determined by infrared spectroscopy and confirmed by quantum chemical calculations. The groups were supposed to endow Gd@C82O42H32 with higher penetration ability through the cellular membrane, activation ability, lower toxicity, balancing of the ROS content in the bacterial suspensions, and lower aggregation in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evsei A. Stepin
- Biophysics Department, School of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (E.A.S.); (E.S.S.)
| | - Ekaterina S. Sushko
- Biophysics Department, School of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (E.A.S.); (E.S.S.)
- Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, FRC KSC SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Institute of Physics SB RAS, FRC KSC SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (N.G.V.); (G.N.C.); (F.N.T.)
| | - Natalia G. Vnukova
- Institute of Physics SB RAS, FRC KSC SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (N.G.V.); (G.N.C.); (F.N.T.)
- Department of Solid State Physics and Nanotechnology, School of Engineering Physics and Radioelectronics, Siberian Federal University, 660074 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Grigoriy N. Churilov
- Institute of Physics SB RAS, FRC KSC SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (N.G.V.); (G.N.C.); (F.N.T.)
- Department of Solid State Physics and Nanotechnology, School of Engineering Physics and Radioelectronics, Siberian Federal University, 660074 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Anastasia V. Rogova
- Department of Physical and Inorganic Chemistry, School of Non-Ferrous Metals and Materials Science, Siberian Federal University, 660025 Krasnoyarsk, Russia;
- Laboratory for Digital Controlled Drugs and Theranostics, FRC KSC SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Felix N. Tomilin
- Institute of Physics SB RAS, FRC KSC SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (N.G.V.); (G.N.C.); (F.N.T.)
- Department of Physical and Inorganic Chemistry, School of Non-Ferrous Metals and Materials Science, Siberian Federal University, 660025 Krasnoyarsk, Russia;
- Laboratory for Digital Controlled Drugs and Theranostics, FRC KSC SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Nadezhda S. Kudryasheva
- Biophysics Department, School of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (E.A.S.); (E.S.S.)
- Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, FRC KSC SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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Au NPB, Wu T, Kumar G, Jin Y, Li YYT, Chan SL, Lai JHC, Chan KWY, Yu KN, Wang X, Ma CHE. Low-dose ionizing radiation promotes motor recovery and brain rewiring by resolving inflammatory response after brain injury and stroke. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 115:43-63. [PMID: 37774892 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and stroke share a common pathophysiology that worsens over time due to secondary tissue injury caused by sustained inflammatory response. However, studies on pharmacological interventions targeting the complex secondary injury cascade have failed to show efficacy. Here, we demonstrated that low-dose ionizing radiation (LDIR) reduced lesion size and reversed motor deficits after TBI and photothrombotic stroke. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated significant reduction of infarct volume in LDIR-treated mice after stroke. Systems-level transcriptomic analysis showed that genes upregulated in LDIR-treated stoke mice were enriched in pathways associated with inflammatory and immune response involving microglia. LDIR induced upregulation of anti-inflammatory- and phagocytosis-related genes, and downregulation of key pro-inflammatory cytokine production. These findings were validated by live-cell assays, in which microglia exhibited higher chemotactic and phagocytic capacities after LDIR. We observed substantial microglial clustering at the injury site, glial scar clearance and reversal of motor deficits after stroke. Cortical microglia/macrophages depletion completely abolished the beneficial effect of LDIR on motor function recovery in stroke mice. LDIR promoted axonal projections (brain rewiring) in motor cortex and recovery of brain activity detected by electroencephalography recordings months after stroke. LDIR treatment delayed by 8 h post-injury still maintained full therapeutic effects on motor recovery, indicating that LDIR is a promising therapeutic strategy for TBI and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tan Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Surgery, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gajendra Kumar
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuting Jin
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Shun Lam Chan
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Joseph Ho Chi Lai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kannie Wai Yan Chan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kwan Ngok Yu
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Surgery, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi Him Eddie Ma
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
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Au NPB, Wu T, Chen X, Gao F, Li YTY, Tam WY, Yu KN, Geschwind DH, Coppola G, Wang X, Ma CHE. Genome-wide study reveals novel roles for formin-2 in axon regeneration as a microtubule dynamics regulator and therapeutic target for nerve repair. Neuron 2023; 111:3970-3987.e8. [PMID: 38086376 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral nerves regenerate successfully; however, clinical outcome after injury is poor. We demonstrated that low-dose ionizing radiation (LDIR) promoted axon regeneration and function recovery after peripheral nerve injury (PNI). Genome-wide CpG methylation profiling identified LDIR-induced hypermethylation of the Fmn2 promoter, exhibiting injury-induced Fmn2 downregulation in dorsal root ganglia (DRGs). Constitutive knockout or neuronal Fmn2 knockdown accelerated nerve repair and function recovery. Mechanistically, increased microtubule dynamics at growth cones was observed in time-lapse imaging of Fmn2-deficient DRG neurons. Increased HDAC5 phosphorylation and rapid tubulin deacetylation were found in regenerating axons of neuronal Fmn2-knockdown mice after injury. Growth-promoting effect of neuronal Fmn2 knockdown was eliminated by pharmaceutical blockade of HDAC5 or neuronal Hdac5 knockdown, suggesting that Fmn2deletion promotes axon regeneration via microtubule post-translational modification. In silico screening of FDA-approved drugs identified metaxalone, administered either immediately or 24-h post-injury, accelerating function recovery. This work uncovers a novel axon regeneration function of Fmn2 and a small-molecule strategy for PNI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tan Wu
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Wing Yip Tam
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kwan Ngok Yu
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel H Geschwind
- Program in Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Giovanni Coppola
- Program in Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi Him Eddie Ma
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Gu ZW, Xie Y, Huang P, Ding TT, Tao MT, Liu SS. Time-dependent hormetic dose responses of skin care product mixtures to Vibrio qinghaiensis sp.-Q67: Appearance and quantification. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166651. [PMID: 37647971 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Hormesis is a widely recognized and extensively studied phenomenon. However, few studies have described the quantitative characteristics of hormesis required for appropriate risk assessment. Although skin care product (SCP) mixtures and their active ingredients can induce the hormesis of Vibrio qinghaiensis sp.-Q67 (Q67), the quantitative characteristics of time-dependent hormetic dose responses in SCPs have not yet been investigated. In this study, 28 SCP mixtures were tested for luminescence toxicity against Q67 after five exposure durations (0.25, 3, 6, 9, and 12 h). With increasing exposure duration, the concentration response curves (CRCs) were classified as constant monotonic nonlinear (S-shaped) for four SCPs, S- to hormetic (J-shaped) for 13 SCPs, and constant J-shaped for 11 SCPs. Of 140 CRCs, 98 were J-shaped. An increased frequency of SCPs inducing hormesis was observed. The toxicity (pEC50) of the SCPs was independent of the exposure duration and product type. The maximum stimulatory effect (Emin) of the 12 SCPs increased with exposure duration. We proposed a modified parameter, the width of inhibition dose zone (WIDZ; EC50/EC10), to depict the width of inhibition dose zone. The WIDZ of S-shaped CRCs were significantly larger than that of J-shaped CRCs. In addition, the characteristic parameters reported in the general literature were analyzed. The good linear relationship between EC50 and the maximum stimulatory effective concentration (ECmin) indicated that toxicity may be transformed into stimulatory effects over exposure durations. The width of stimulation dose zone (WSDZ) and Emin of the seven SCPs had the same increasing trends with increasing exposure duration. The combination of WIDZ with other characteristic parameters (e.g., zero effective concentration point, ECmin, etc.) could better depict hormesis with low-dose stimulation and high-dose inhibition. The quantitative characteristics of the dose-responses of hormesis-inducing SCPs could provide reference basis for the risk assessment of SCP mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Wei Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Yu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Peng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ting-Ting Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Meng-Ting Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Shu-Shen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Jenkins JA, Musgrove M, White SJO. Outlining Potential Biomarkers of Exposure and Effect to Critical Minerals: Nutritionally Essential Trace Elements and the Rare Earth Elements. TOXICS 2023; 11:toxics11020188. [PMID: 36851062 PMCID: PMC9958731 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11020188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Emerging and low-carbon technologies and innovations are driving a need for domestic sources, sustainable use, and availability of critical minerals (CMs)-those vital to the national and economic security of the United States. Understanding the known and potential health effects of exposures to such mineral commodities can inform prudent and environmentally responsible handling and harvesting. We review the occurrence, use, predominant exposure pathways, and adverse outcome pathways (AOP) for human and fish receptors of those CMs that are nutritionally essential trace metals (specifically, cobalt, chromium, manganese, nickel, and zinc), as well as the rare earth elements. Biological responses to some elements having comparable biogeochemistry can sometimes be similar. Candidate quantifiable biomarkers for assessing potential AOP are conveyed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill A. Jenkins
- Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 700 Cajundome Boulevard, Lafayette, LA 70506, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - MaryLynn Musgrove
- Oklahoma-Texas Water Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 1505 Ferguson Lane, Austin, TX 78754, USA
| | - Sarah Jane O. White
- Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr., Reston, VA 20192, USA
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Taleb NN, West J. Working with Convex Responses: Antifragility from Finance to Oncology. ENTROPY (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 25:343. [PMID: 36832709 PMCID: PMC9955868 DOI: 10.3390/e25020343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We extend techniques and learnings about the stochastic properties of nonlinear responses from finance to medicine, particularly oncology, where it can inform dosing and intervention. We define antifragility. We propose uses of risk analysis for medical problems, through the properties of nonlinear responses (convex or concave). We (1) link the convexity/concavity of the dose-response function to the statistical properties of the results; (2) define "antifragility" as a mathematical property for local beneficial convex responses and the generalization of "fragility" as its opposite, locally concave in the tails of the statistical distribution; (3) propose mathematically tractable relations between dosage, severity of conditions, and iatrogenics. In short, we propose a framework to integrate the necessary consequences of nonlinearities in evidence-based oncology and more general clinical risk management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeffrey West
- Integrated Mathematical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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Kicheeva AG, Sushko ES, Bondarenko LS, Kydralieva KA, Pankratov DA, Tropskaya NS, Dzeranov AA, Dzhardimalieva GI, Zarrelli M, Kudryasheva NS. Functionalized Magnetite Nanoparticles: Characterization, Bioeffects, and Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Unicellular and Enzymatic Systems. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021133. [PMID: 36674650 PMCID: PMC9861541 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study evaluates the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in bioeffects of magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs), such as bare (Fe3O4), humic acids (Fe3O4-HA), and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (Fe3O4-APTES) modified MNPs. Mössbauer spectroscopy was used to identify the local surrounding for Fe atom/ions and the depth of modification for MNPs. It was found that the Fe3O4-HA MNPs contain the smallest, whereas the Fe3O4-APTES MNPs contain the largest amount of Fe2+ ions. Bioluminescent cellular and enzymatic assays were applied to monitor the toxicity and anti-(pro-)oxidant activity of MNPs. The contents of ROS were determined by a chemiluminescence luminol assay evaluating the correlations with toxicity/anti-(pro-)oxidant coefficients. Toxic effects of modified MNPs were found at higher concentrations (>10−2 g/L); they were related to ROS storage in bacterial suspensions. MNPs stimulated ROS production by the bacteria in a wide concentration range (10−15−1 g/L). Under the conditions of model oxidative stress and higher concentrations of MNPs (>10−4 g/L), the bacterial bioassay revealed prooxidant activity of all three MNP types, with corresponding decay of ROS content. Bioluminescence enzymatic assay did not show any sensitivity to MNPs, with negligible change in ROS content. The results clearly indicate that cell-membrane processes are responsible for the bioeffects and bacterial ROS generation, confirming the ferroptosis phenomenon based on iron-initiated cell-membrane lipid peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arina G. Kicheeva
- Institute of Biophysics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center” of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina S. Sushko
- Institute of Biophysics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center” of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Institute of Physics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center” of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Lyubov S. Bondarenko
- Department of General Engineering, Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), 125993 Moscow, Russia
| | - Kamila A. Kydralieva
- Department of General Engineering, Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), 125993 Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis A. Pankratov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nataliya S. Tropskaya
- Department of General Engineering, Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), 125993 Moscow, Russia
- Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine, 129010 Moscow, Russia
| | - Artur A. Dzeranov
- Department of General Engineering, Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), 125993 Moscow, Russia
- Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine, 129010 Moscow, Russia
| | - Gulzhian I. Dzhardimalieva
- Department of General Engineering, Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), 125993 Moscow, Russia
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Mauro Zarrelli
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, P.le Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Nadezhda S. Kudryasheva
- Institute of Biophysics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center” of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Biophysics Department, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-3912-494-242
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Sushko ES, Vnukova NG, Churilov GN, Kudryasheva NS. Endohedral Gd-Containing Fullerenol: Toxicity, Antioxidant Activity, and Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species in Cellular and Enzymatic Systems. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095152. [PMID: 35563539 PMCID: PMC9106034 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The Gd-containing metallofullerene derivatives are perspective magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. We studied the bioeffects of a water-soluble fullerene derivative, gadolinium-endohedral fullerenol, with 40−42 oxygen groups (Gd@Fln). Bioluminescent cellular and enzymatic assays were applied to monitor toxicity and antioxidant activity of Gd@Fln in model solutions; bioluminescence was applied as a signaling physiological parameter. The Gd@Fln inhibited bioluminescence at high concentrations (>2·10−1 gL−1), revealing lower toxicity as compared to the previously studied fullerenols. Efficient activation of bioluminescence (up to almost 100%) and consumption of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in bacterial suspension were observed under low-concentration exposure to Gd@Fln (10−3−2·10−1 gL−1). Antioxidant capability of Gd@Fln was studied under conditions of model oxidative stress (i.e., solutions of model organic and inorganic oxidizers); antioxidant coefficients of Gd@Fln were determined at different concentrations and times of exposure. Contents of ROS were evaluated and correlations with toxicity/antioxidant coefficients were determined. The bioeffects of Gd@Fln were explained by hydrophobic interactions, electron affinity, and disturbing of ROS balance in the bioluminescence systems. The results contribute to understanding the molecular mechanism of “hormetic” cellular responses. Advantages of the bioluminescence assays to compare bioeffects of fullerenols based on their structural characteristics were demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina S. Sushko
- Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia;
- Institute of Physics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (N.G.V.); (G.N.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-3912-494-242
| | - Natalia G. Vnukova
- Institute of Physics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (N.G.V.); (G.N.C.)
- Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Grigoriy N. Churilov
- Institute of Physics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (N.G.V.); (G.N.C.)
- Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Nadezhda S. Kudryasheva
- Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia;
- Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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11
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Abstract
Tritium is a byproduct of many radiochemical reactions in the nuclear industry, and its effects on aquatic organisms, particularly low-dose effects, deserve special attention. The low-dose effects of tritium on aquatic microbiota have been intensively studied using luminous marine bacteria as model microorganisms. Low-dose physiological activation has been demonstrated and explained by the signaling role of reactive oxygen species through the “bystander effect” in bacterial suspensions. The activation of microbial functions in natural reservoirs by low tritium concentrations can cause unpredictable changes in food chains and imbalances in the natural equilibrium. The incorporation of tritium from the free form into organically bound compounds mainly occurs in the dark and at a temperature of 25 °C. When tritium is ingested by marine animals, up to 56% of tritium is accumulated in the muscle tissue and up to 36% in the liver. About 50% of tritium in the liver is bound in non-exchangeable forms. Human ingestion of water and food products contaminated with background levels of tritium does not significantly contribute to the total dose load on the human body.
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12
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Adaptation of a Bacterial Bioluminescent Assay to Monitor Bioeffects of Gold Nanoparticles. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9020061. [PMID: 35200414 PMCID: PMC8868574 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9020061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Our current study aimed to adapt a bioluminescent bacteria-based bioassay to monitor the bioeffects of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Luminous marine bacteria Photobacterium phosphoreum and AuNPs modified with polyvinylpyrrolidone were employed; low-concentration (≤10−3 g/L) bioeffects of AuNPs were studied. Bioluminescence intensity was used as an indicator of physiological activity in bacteria. Two additional methods were used: reactive oxygen species (ROS) content was estimated with a chemiluminescent luminol method, and bacterial size was monitored using electron microscopy. The bacterial bioluminescent response to AuNPs corresponded to the “hormesis” model and involved time-dependent bioluminescence activation, as well as a pronounced increase in the number of enlarged bacteria. We found negative correlations between the time courses of bioluminescence and the ROS content in bacterial suspensions, demonstrating the relationship between bioluminescence activation and bacterial ROS consumption. The combined effects of AuNPs and a beta-emitting radionuclide, tritium, revealed suppression of bacterial bioluminescent activity (as compared to their individual effects) and a reduced percentage of enlarged bacteria. Therefore, we demonstrated that our bacteria-based bioluminescence assay is an appropriate tool to study the bioeffects of AuNPs; the bioeffects can be further classified within a unified framework for rapid bioassessment.
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13
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Xu F, Chen P, Li H, Qiao S, Wang J, Wang Y, Wang X, Wu B, Liu H, Wang C, Xu H. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals the differential response to cadmium stress of two Pleurotus fungi: Pleurotus cornucopiae and Pleurotus ostreatus. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:125814. [PMID: 33866290 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pleurotus has great potential for heavy metal mycoremediation. Using comparative transcriptome analysis, the response of Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus cornucopiae under Cd contamination was evaluated. P. ostreatus and P. cornucopia accumulated 0.34 and 0.46 mg/g Cd in mycelium, respectively. Cd removal elevated with its concentration elevation, which reached 56.47% and 54.60% for P. ostreatus and P. cornucopia with Cd at 20 mg/L. Low-level Cd (≤ 1 mg/L) had no significant influence on either fungus, while varied response was observed under high-level Cd. 705 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in P. cornucopia at Cd1 and Cd20, whereas 12,551 DEGs in P. ostreatus. Differentially regulated functional categories and pathways were also identified. ATP-binding cassette transporters were involved in Cd transport in P. cornucopia, whereas the endocytosis and phagosome pathways were more enhanced in P. ostreatus. 26 enzymes including peroxisomal enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase were upregulated in P. ostreatus, whereas only cytosolic catalase was overexpressed in P. cornucopia, suggesting their different Cd detoxification pathways. Also, the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway involved in Cd resistance in both species instead of glutathione metabolism, although more active in P. ostreatus. These findings provided new insight into the molecular mechanism of mycoremediation and accumulator screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Protection, Soil ecological protection and pollution control, Sichuan University & Department of Ecology and Environment of Sichuan, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Peng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Protection, Soil ecological protection and pollution control, Sichuan University & Department of Ecology and Environment of Sichuan, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Protection, Soil ecological protection and pollution control, Sichuan University & Department of Ecology and Environment of Sichuan, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Suyu Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Protection, Soil ecological protection and pollution control, Sichuan University & Department of Ecology and Environment of Sichuan, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Protection, Soil ecological protection and pollution control, Sichuan University & Department of Ecology and Environment of Sichuan, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xitong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Protection, Soil ecological protection and pollution control, Sichuan University & Department of Ecology and Environment of Sichuan, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Bohan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Protection, Soil ecological protection and pollution control, Sichuan University & Department of Ecology and Environment of Sichuan, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Huangkang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Protection, Soil ecological protection and pollution control, Sichuan University & Department of Ecology and Environment of Sichuan, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Can Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Heng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Protection, Soil ecological protection and pollution control, Sichuan University & Department of Ecology and Environment of Sichuan, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China.
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14
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Cesar-Ribeiro C. Chemical Contents of Disposed Light Sticks Affect the Physiology of Rocky Crab Pachygrapsus transversus and Gray Shrimps Litopennaeus vanammei. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 107:370-377. [PMID: 34216230 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-021-03321-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Light-sticks shine resulting from a chemiluminescent reaction between two components kept separate by a glass ampoule. Light-stick baits are discarded in the ocean after being used in longline fishing. The traditional Brazilian community of Costa dos Coqueiros, Brazil, uses the discarded light-sticks chemical contents found on beaches as medicine for rheumatism and mycoses. This study assessed the effects that light-sticks (chemical contents) have on Pachygrapsus transversus and Litopennaeus vanammei. Assays of metabolic changes involved rates of ammonia excretion and oxygen consumption. The EC50-60 min to juveniles and adults P. transversus were 0.0004% and 0.0046%, respectively; and L. vanammei revealed a susceptible species: EC50-60 min of 0.0006% for oxygen uptake and 0.0072% for ammonia excretion, and also was observed a hormesis effect in the ammonia excretion. Light-stick contents could promote significant metabolic changes in rocky crabs and gray shrimp. Educational actions are needed that make the population aware of and avoid the dangerous misuse of the light-sticks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio Cesar-Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Centro Universitário Monte Serrat, Av. Rangel Pestana, 99, Vila Mathias, Santos, SP, 11013-931, Brazil.
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15
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Calabrese EJ, Agathokleous E. Hormesis: Transforming disciplines that rely on the dose response. IUBMB Life 2021; 74:8-23. [PMID: 34297887 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This article tells the story of hormesis from its conceptual and experimental origins, its dismissal by the scientific and medical communities in the first half of the 20th century, and its rediscovery over the past several decades to be a fundamental evolutionary adaptive strategy. The upregulation of hormetic adaptive mechanisms has the capacity to decelerate the onset and reduce the severity of a broad spectrum of common age-related health, behavioral, and performance decrements and debilitating diseases, thereby significantly enhancing the human health span. Incorporation of hormetic-based lifestyle options within the human population would have profoundly positive impacts on the public health, significantly reducing health care costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J Calabrese
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Morrill I-N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, Department of Ecology, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology (NUIST), Nanjing, China
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16
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Perini T, Materozzi M, Milan E. The Immunity-malignancy equilibrium in multiple myeloma: lessons from oncogenic events in plasma cells. FEBS J 2021; 289:4383-4397. [PMID: 34117720 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignancy of plasma cells (PC) that grow within the bone marrow and maintain massive immunoglobulin (Ig) production. Disease evolution is driven by genetic lesions, whose effects on cell biology and fitness underlie addictions and vulnerabilities of myeloma cells. Several genes mutated in myeloma are strictly involved in dictating PC identity and antibody factory function. Here, we evaluate the impact of mutations in IRF4, PRDM1, and XBP1, essential transcription factors driving the B to PC differentiation, on MM cell biology and homeostasis. These factors are highly specialized, with limited overlap in their downstream transcriptional programs. Indeed, IRF4 sustains metabolism, survival, and proliferation, while PRDM1 and XBP1 are mainly responsible for endoplasmic reticulum expansion and sustained Ig secretion. Interestingly, IRF4 undergoes activating mutations and translocations, while PRDM1 and XBP1 are hit by loss-of-function events, raising the hypothesis that containment of the secretory program, but not its complete extinction, may be beneficial to malignant PCs. Finally, recent studies unveiled that also the PRDM1 target, FAM46C/TENT5C, an onco-suppressor uniquely and frequently mutated or deleted in myeloma, is directly and potently involved in orchestrating ER homeostasis and secretory activity. Inactivating mutations found in this gene and its interactors strengthen the notion that reduced secretory capacity confers advantage to myeloma cells. We believe that dissection of the evolutionary pressure on genes driving PC-specific functions in myeloma will disclose the cellular strategies by which myeloma cells maintain an equilibrium between antibody production and survival, thus unveiling novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Perini
- Age related Diseases Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.,University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.,Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Materozzi
- Age related Diseases Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.,Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Enrico Milan
- Age related Diseases Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.,University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
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17
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Li M, Cheng D, Li H, Yao W, Guo D, Wang S, Si J. Tributyltin perturbs femoral cortical architecture and polar moment of inertia in rat. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:427. [PMID: 33962613 PMCID: PMC8106170 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04298-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tributyltin, a well-known endocrine disruptor, is widely used in agriculture and industry. Previous studies have shown that tributyltin could cause deleterious effects on bone health by impairing the adipo-osteogenic balance in bone marrow. Methods To investigate further the effects of tributyltin on bone, weaned male SD rats were treated with tributyltin (0.5, 5 or 50 μg·kg− 1) or corn oil by gavage once every 3 days for 60 days in this study. Then, we analyzed the effects of tributyltin on geometry, the polar moment of inertia, mineral content, relative abundances of mRNA from representative genes related to adipogenesis and osteogenesis, serum calcium ion and inorganic phosphate levels. Results Micro-computed tomography analysis revealed that treatment with 50 μg·kg− 1 tributyltin caused an obvious decrease in femoral cortical cross sectional area, marrow area, periosteal circumference and derived polar moment of inertia in rats. However, other test results showed that exposure to tributyltin resulted in no significant changes in the expression of genes detected, femoral cancellous architecture, ash content, as well as serum calcium ion and inorganic phosphate levels. Conclusions Exposure to a low dose of tributyltin from the prepubertal to adult stage produced adverse effects on skeletal architecture and strength. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12891-021-04298-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Li
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Lu, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Dong Cheng
- Department of Toxicology, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Toxicology, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Wenhuan Yao
- Department of Toxicology, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Dongmei Guo
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Lu, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Shu'e Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Lu, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jiliang Si
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Lu, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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Less Can Be More: The Hormesis Theory of Stress Adaptation in the Global Biosphere and Its Implications. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9030293. [PMID: 33805626 PMCID: PMC8000639 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9030293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A dose-response relationship to stressors, according to the hormesis theory, is characterized by low-dose stimulation and high-dose inhibition. It is non-linear with a low-dose optimum. Stress responses by cells lead to adapted vitality and fitness. Physical stress can be exerted through heat, radiation, or physical exercise. Chemical stressors include reactive species from oxygen (ROS), nitrogen (RNS), and carbon (RCS), carcinogens, elements, such as lithium (Li) and silicon (Si), and metals, such as silver (Ag), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb). Anthropogenic chemicals are agrochemicals (phytotoxins, herbicides), industrial chemicals, and pharmaceuticals. Biochemical stress can be exerted through toxins, medical drugs (e.g., cytostatics, psychopharmaceuticals, non-steroidal inhibitors of inflammation), and through fasting (dietary restriction). Key-lock interactions between enzymes and substrates, antigens and antibodies, antigen-presenting cells, and cognate T cells are the basics of biology, biochemistry, and immunology. Their rules do not obey linear dose-response relationships. The review provides examples of biologic stressors: oncolytic viruses (e.g., immuno-virotherapy of cancer) and hormones (e.g., melatonin, stress hormones). Molecular mechanisms of cellular stress adaptation involve the protein quality control system (PQS) and homeostasis of proteasome, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria. Important components are transcription factors (e.g., Nrf2), micro-RNAs, heat shock proteins, ionic calcium, and enzymes (e.g., glutathion redox enzymes, DNA methyltransferases, and DNA repair enzymes). Cellular growth control, intercellular communication, and resistance to stress from microbial infections involve growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, interferons, and their respective receptors. The effects of hormesis during evolution are multifarious: cell protection and survival, evolutionary flexibility, and epigenetic memory. According to the hormesis theory, this is true for the entire biosphere, e.g., archaia, bacteria, fungi, plants, and the animal kingdoms.
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Honeybee colonies compensate for pesticide-induced effects on royal jelly composition and brood survival with increased brood production. Sci Rep 2021; 11:62. [PMID: 33420177 PMCID: PMC7794607 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79660-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sublethal doses of pesticides affect individual honeybees, but colony-level effects are less well understood and it is unclear how the two levels integrate. We studied the effect of the neonicotinoid pesticide clothianidin at field realistic concentrations on small colonies. We found that exposure to clothianidin affected worker jelly production of individual workers and created a strong dose-dependent increase in mortality of individual larvae, but strikingly the population size of capped brood remained stable. Thus, hives exhibited short-term resilience. Using a demographic matrix model, we found that the basis of resilience in dosed colonies was a substantive increase in brood initiation rate to compensate for increased brood mortality. However, computer simulation of full size colonies revealed that the increase in brood initiation led to severe reductions in colony reproduction (swarming) and long-term survival. This experiment reveals social regulatory mechanisms on colony-level that enable honeybees to partly compensate for effects on individual level.
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20
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Thoré ESJ, Van Hooreweghe F, Philippe C, Brendonck L, Pinceel T. Generation-specific and interactive effects of pesticide and antidepressant exposure in a fish model call for multi-stressor and multigenerational testing. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 232:105743. [PMID: 33460950 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ecological risks of a pollutant are typically assessed via short-term exposure of model organisms to that single compound. Such tests are informative, but cannot ascertain effects of long-term and multigenerational mixed-stressor exposure with which organisms are often confronted in their natural environment. Therefore, full life-cycle and multigenerational tests are needed. Yet, these are hampered due to long lifespans and generation times of many standard laboratory species, in particular for vertebrates such as fish. With a typical lifespan of 6 months and a generation time of about 3 months, the turquoise killifish (Nothobranchius furzeri) may be an ideal model for multigenerational testing. In this study, we assessed the impact of full life-cycle exposure to the emerging pollutant fluoxetine (0, 0.5 μg/L) in combination with chronic exposure during adulthood to the pesticide 3,4-dichloroaniline (0, 50, 100 μg/L) over two successive generations of N. furzeri. Overall, both life-history and behaviour were affected by exposure to fluoxetine and 3,4-DCA. Inhibitory effects of single chemical exposure on growth and fecundity were generation-dependent, while enhanced swimming acceleration and feeding in response to fluoxetine were dependent on the presence of 3,4-DCA. Together, these findings show the relevance of a multi-stressor approach across successive generations. Although full life-cycle and multigenerational tests are typically assumed to be impractical and costly for fish, we deliver an effective demonstration that such studies are possible within a timespan of less than 6 months with the killifish N. furzeri as a model organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli S J Thoré
- Animal Ecology, Global Change and Sustainable Development, KU Leuven, Ch. Deberiotstraat 32, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Floor Van Hooreweghe
- Animal Ecology, Global Change and Sustainable Development, KU Leuven, Ch. Deberiotstraat 32, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Charlotte Philippe
- Animal Ecology, Global Change and Sustainable Development, KU Leuven, Ch. Deberiotstraat 32, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Luc Brendonck
- Animal Ecology, Global Change and Sustainable Development, KU Leuven, Ch. Deberiotstraat 32, 3000, Leuven, Belgium; Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, 2520, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
| | - Tom Pinceel
- Animal Ecology, Global Change and Sustainable Development, KU Leuven, Ch. Deberiotstraat 32, 3000, Leuven, Belgium; Centre for Environmental Management, University of the Free State, P. O. Box 339, 9300, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
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21
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Rozhko TV, Nemtseva EV, Gardt MV, Raikov AV, Lisitsa AE, Badun GA, Kudryasheva NS. Enzymatic Responses to Low-Intensity Radiation of Tritium. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8464. [PMID: 33187108 PMCID: PMC7696592 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study considers a possible role of enzymatic reactions in the adaptive response of cells to the beta-emitting radionuclide tritium under conditions of low-dose exposures. Effects of tritiated water (HTO) on the reactions of bacterial luciferase and NAD(P)H:FMN-oxidoreductase, as well as a coupled system of these two reactions, were studied at radioactivity concentrations ≤ 200 MBq/L. Additionally, one of the simplest enzymatic reactions, photobiochemical proton transfer in Coelenteramide-containing Fluorescent Protein (CLM-FP), was also investigated. We found that HTO increased the activity of NAD(P)H:FMN-oxidoreductase at the initial stage of its reaction (by up to 230%); however, a rise of luciferase activity was moderate (<20%). The CLM-FP samples did not show any increase in the rate of the photobiochemical proton transfer under the exposure to HTO. The responses of the enzyme systems were compared to the 'hormetic' response of luminous marine bacterial cells studied earlier. We conclude that (1) the oxidoreductase reaction contributes significantly to the activation of the coupled enzyme system and bacterial cells by tritium, and (2) an increase in the organization level of biological systems promotes the hormesis phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana V. Rozhko
- Department of Medical and Biological Physics, Krasnoyarsk State Medical Academy, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Elena V. Nemtseva
- Biophysics Department, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (E.V.N.); (M.V.G.); (A.V.R.); (A.E.L.); (N.S.K.)
- Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, FRC KSC SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Maria V. Gardt
- Biophysics Department, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (E.V.N.); (M.V.G.); (A.V.R.); (A.E.L.); (N.S.K.)
| | - Alexander V. Raikov
- Biophysics Department, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (E.V.N.); (M.V.G.); (A.V.R.); (A.E.L.); (N.S.K.)
| | - Albert E. Lisitsa
- Biophysics Department, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (E.V.N.); (M.V.G.); (A.V.R.); (A.E.L.); (N.S.K.)
| | - Gennadii A. Badun
- Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Nadezhda S. Kudryasheva
- Biophysics Department, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (E.V.N.); (M.V.G.); (A.V.R.); (A.E.L.); (N.S.K.)
- Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, FRC KSC SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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Calabrese EJ, Mattson MP, Dhawan G, Kapoor R, Calabrese V, Giordano J. Hormesis: A potential strategic approach to the treatment of neurodegenerative disease. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2020; 155:271-301. [PMID: 32854857 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2020.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review describes neuroprotective effects mediated by pre- and post-conditioning-induced processes that act via the quantitative features of the hormetic dose response. These lead to the development of acquired resilience that can protect neuronal systems from endogenous and exogenous stresses and insult. Particular attention is directed to issues of dose optimization, inter-individual variation, and potential ways to further study and employ hormetic-based preconditioning approaches in medical and public health efforts to treat and prevent neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J Calabrese
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States.
| | - Mark P Mattson
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Gaurav Dhawan
- Human Research Protection Office, Research Compliance, University of Massachusetts, Hadley, MA, United States
| | - Rachna Kapoor
- Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center Hartford, Hartford, CT, United States
| | - Vittorio Calabrese
- Department of Biomedical & Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - James Giordano
- Departments of Neurology & Biochemistry, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
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Measurement of Indoor Radon Concentration in the Hunza Valley of Karakoram Ranges Northern Pakistan. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, TRANSACTIONS A: SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40995-020-00904-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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VON Woedtke T, Schmidt A, Bekeschus S, Wende K, Weltmann KD. Plasma Medicine: A Field of Applied Redox Biology. In Vivo 2019; 33:1011-1026. [PMID: 31280189 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Plasma medicine comprises the application of physical plasma directly on or in the human body for therapeutic purposes. Three most important basic plasma effects are relevant for medical applications: i) inactivation of a broad spectrum of microorganisms, including multidrug-resistant pathogens, ii) stimulation of cell proliferation and angiogenesis with lower plasma treatment intensity, and iii) inactivation of cells by initialization of cell death with higher plasma treatment intensity, above all in cancer cells. Based on own published results as well as on monitoring of relevant literature the aim of this topical review is to summarize the state of the art in plasma medicine and connect it to redox biology. One of the most important results of basic research in plasma medicine is the insight that biological plasma effects are mainly mediated via reactive oxygen and nitrogen species influencing cellular redox-regulated processes. Plasma medicine can be considered a field of applied redox biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas VON Woedtke
- Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology, INP Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany .,Greifswald University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anke Schmidt
- Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology, INP Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | | | - Klaus-Dieter Weltmann
- Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology, INP Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Han J, Wang S, Fan D, Guo Y, Liu C, Zhu Y. Time-Dependent Hormetic Response of Soil Alkaline Phosphatase Induced by Cd and the Association with Bacterial Community Composition. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2019; 78:961-973. [PMID: 30953089 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-019-01371-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hormetic dose-response that involved Cd in soils is increasingly paid attentions for risk assessment of Cd toxicity, but insufficient studies were conducted to define the temporary modification of soil enzyme and the potential microbial responses. The present study chooses soil alkaline phosphatase (ALP) as endpoint to uncover the time-dependent hormetic responses to low doses of Cd and its association with bacterial community composition. The results showed that addition of 0.01-3.0 mg kg-1 Cd significantly increased ALP's activities with maximum stimulatory magnitude of 11.4-27.2%, indicating a typical hormesis. The response started at 12 h after Cd addition and maintained about 24 h. This demonstrated that the hormetic response is time-dependent and transient. Changes of soil bacterial community composition showed that, at 6 h, relative abundances (RAs) of Proteobacteria and Firmicutes at phylum and Pontibacter, Bacillaceae-Bacillus, Bacillaceae1-Bacillus, and Paenisporosarcina at genus significantly correlated with ALP's activities at 12-36 h (P < 0.05). This suggests that soil bacteria likely showed an earlier response to Cd and potentially contributes to the subsequent soil enzyme's hormesis. In addition, it was found that Gram-negative bacteria other than Gram-positive bacteria are prone to exhibiting a hormetic response under Cd stress. Our findings provide much insight into ecotoxicological risk assessment for soil Cd pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangang Han
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, No.159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, People's Republic of China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shengyan Wang
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, No.159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Diwu Fan
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, No.159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhui Guo
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, No.159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenglei Liu
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, No.159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongli Zhu
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, No.159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, People's Republic of China
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Kudryasheva NS, Kovel ES. Monitoring of Low-Intensity Exposures via Luminescent Bioassays of Different Complexity: Cells, Enzyme Reactions, and Fluorescent Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4451. [PMID: 31509958 PMCID: PMC6770735 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The current paper reviews the applications of luminescence bioassays for monitoring the results of low-intensity exposures which produce a stimulative effect. The impacts of radioactivity of different types (alpha, beta, and gamma) and bioactive compounds (humic substances and fullerenols) are under consideration. Bioassays based on luminous marine bacteria, their enzymes, and fluorescent coelenteramide-containing proteins were used to compare the results of the low-intensity exposures at the cellular, biochemical, and physicochemical levels, respectively. High rates of luminescence response can provide (1) a proper number of experimental results under comparable conditions and, therefore, proper statistical processing, with this being highly important for "noisy" low-intensity exposures; and (2) non-genetic, i.e., biochemical and physicochemical mechanisms of cellular response for short-term exposures. The results of cellular exposures were discussed in terms of the hormesis concept, which implies low-dose stimulation and high-dose inhibition of physiological functions. Dependencies of the luminescence response on the exposure time or intensity (radionuclide concentration/gamma radiation dose rate, concentration of the bioactive compounds) were analyzed and compared for bioassays of different organization levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda S Kudryasheva
- Institute of Biophysics, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch", Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
- Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia.
| | - Ekaterina S Kovel
- Institute of Biophysics, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch", Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
- Institute of Physics, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch", Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
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Woźniak A, Bednarski W, Dancewicz K, Gabryś B, Borowiak-Sobkowiak B, Bocianowski J, Samardakiewicz S, Rucińska-Sobkowiak R, Morkunas I. Oxidative stress links response to lead and Acyrthosiphon pisum in Pisum sativum L. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 240:152996. [PMID: 31352020 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2019.152996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrates the impact of lead at hormetic (0.075 mM Pb(NO3)2) and sublethal (0.5 mM Pb(NO3)2) doses on the intensity of oxidative stress in pea seedlings (Pisum sativum L. cv. 'Cysterski'). Our first objective was to determine how exposure of pea seedlings to Pb alters the plant defence responses to pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris), and whether these responses could indirectly affect A. pisum. The second objective was to investigate the effects of various Pb concentrations in the medium on demographic parameters of pea aphid population and the process of its feeding on edible pea. We found that the dose of Pb sublethal for pea seedlings strongly reduced net reproductive rate and limited the number of A. pisum individuals reaching the phloem. An important defence line of pea seedlings growing on Pb-supplemented medium and next during combinatory effect of the two stressors Pb and A. pisum was a high generation of superoxide anion (O2-). This was accompanied by a considerable reduction in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and a decrease in the level of Mn2+ ions. A the same time, weak activity of Mn-SOD was detected in the roots of the seedlings exposed to the sublethal dose of Pb and during Pb and aphid interaction. Apart from the marked increase in O2-, an increase in semiquinone radicals occurred, especially in the roots of the seedlings treated with the sublethal dose of Pb and both infested and non-infested with aphids. Also, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation markedly intensified in aphid-infested leaves. It reached the highest level 24 h post infestation (hpi), mainly in the cell wall of leaf epidermis. This may be related to the function of H2O2 as a signalling molecule that triggers defence mechanisms. The activity of peroxidase (POX), an important enzyme involved in scavenging H2O2, was also high at 24 hpi and at subsequent time points. Moreover, the contents of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), products of lipid peroxidation, rose but to a small degree thanks to an efficient antioxidant system. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) dependent on the pool of fast antioxidants, both in infested and non-infested and leaves was higher than in the control. In conclusion, the reaction of pea seedlings to low and sublethal doses of Pb and then A. pisum infestation differed substantially and depended on a direct contact of the stress factor with the organ (Pb with roots and A. pisum with leaves). The probing behavior of A. pisum also depended on Pb concentration in the plant tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Woźniak
- Department of Plant Physiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 35, 60-637, Poznań, Poland
| | - Waldemar Bednarski
- Institute of Molecular Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smoluchowskiego 17, 60-179, Poznań, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Dancewicz
- Department of Botany and Ecology, University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Z. Szafrana 1, 65-516, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Beata Gabryś
- Department of Botany and Ecology, University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Z. Szafrana 1, 65-516, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Beata Borowiak-Sobkowiak
- Department of Entomology and Environmental Protection, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dąbrowskiego 159, Poznań, 60-594, Poland
| | - Jan Bocianowski
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637, Poznań, Poland
| | - Sławomir Samardakiewicz
- Laboratory of Electron and Confocal Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Renata Rucińska-Sobkowiak
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Iwona Morkunas
- Department of Plant Physiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 35, 60-637, Poznań, Poland.
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Hassan AI, Ibrahim RY. Some genetic profiles in liver of Ehrlich ascites tumor-bearing mice under the stress of irradiation. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amal I. Hassan
- Department of Radioisotopes, Nuclear Research Centre, Atomic Energy Authority, Malaeb El-Gamaa St., P.O. 12311, Dokki, Giza, 11231, Egypt
| | - Rasha Y.M. Ibrahim
- Department of Radioisotopes, Nuclear Research Centre, Atomic Energy Authority, Malaeb El-Gamaa St., P.O. 12311, Dokki, Giza, 11231, Egypt
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Biphasic concentration-dependent interaction between imidacloprid and dietary phytochemicals in honey bees (Apis mellifera). PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206625. [PMID: 30383869 PMCID: PMC6211726 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The presence of the neonicotinoid imidacloprid in nectar, honey, pollen, beebread and beeswax has been implicated in declines worldwide in the health of the western honey bee Apis mellifera. Certain phytochemicals, including quercetin and p-coumaric acid, are ubiquitous in the honey bee diet and are known to upregulate cytochrome P450 genes encoding enzymes that detoxify insecticides. Thus, the possibility exists that these dietary phytochemicals interact with ingested imidacloprid to ameliorate toxicity by enhancing its detoxification. Approach Quercetin and p-coumaric acid were incorporated in a phytochemical-free artificial diet individually and together along with imidacloprid at a range of field-realistic concentrations. In acute toxicity bioassays, honey bee 24- and 48- hour imidacloprid LC50 values were determined in the presence of the phytochemicals. Additionally, chronic toxicity bioassays were conducted using varying concentrations of imidacloprid in diets with the phytochemicals to test impacts of phytochemicals on longevity. Results In acute toxicity bioassays, the phytochemicals had no effect on imidacloprid LC50 values. In chronic toxicity longevity bioassays, phytochemicals enhanced honey bee survival at low imidacloprid concentrations (15 and 45 ppb) but had a negative effect at higher concentrations (105 ppb and 135 ppb). p-Coumaric acid alone increased honey bee longevity at concentrations of 15 and 45 ppb imidacloprid (hazard ratio (HR): 0.83 and 0.70, respectively). Quercetin alone and in combination with p-coumaric acid similarly enhanced longevity at 45 ppb imidacloprid (HR:0.81 and HR:0.77, respectively). However, p-coumaric acid in combination with 105 ppb imidacloprid and quercetin in combination with 135 ppb imidacloprid increased honey bee HR by approximately 30% (HR:1.33 and HR:1.30, respectively). Conclusions The biphasic concentration-dependent response of honey bees to imidacloprid in the presence of two ubiquitous dietary phytochemicals indicates that there are limits to the protective effects of the natural diet of honey bees against neonicotinoids based on their own inherent toxicity.
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Morkunas I, Woźniak A, Mai VC, Rucińska-Sobkowiak R, Jeandet P. The Role of Heavy Metals in Plant Response to Biotic Stress. Molecules 2018; 23:E2320. [PMID: 30208652 PMCID: PMC6225295 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present review discusses the impact of heavy metals on the growth of plants at different concentrations, paying particular attention to the hormesis effect. Within the past decade, study of the hormesis phenomenon has generated considerable interest because it was considered not only in the framework of plant growth stimulation but also as an adaptive response of plants to a low level of stress which in turn can play an important role in their responses to other stress factors. In this review, we focused on the defence mechanisms of plants as a response to different metal ion doses and during the crosstalk between metal ions and biotic stressors such as insects and pathogenic fungi. Issues relating to metal ion acquisition and ion homeostasis that may be essential for the survival of plants, pathogens and herbivores competing in the same environment were highlighted. Besides, the influence of heavy metals on insects, especially aphids and pathogenic fungi, was shown. Our intention was also to shed light on the relationship between heavy metals deposition in the environment and ecological communities formed under a strong selective pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Morkunas
- Department of Plant Physiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 35, 60-637 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Woźniak
- Department of Plant Physiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 35, 60-637 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Van Chung Mai
- Department of Plant Physiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 35, 60-637 Poznań, Poland.
- Department of Plant Physiology, Vinh University, Le Duan 182, Vinh City, Vietnam.
| | - Renata Rucińska-Sobkowiak
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Philippe Jeandet
- Research Unit "Induced Resistance and Plant Bioprotection", UPRES EA 4707, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Reims, P.O. Box 1039, 02 51687 Reims CEDEX, France.
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Zhang C, Gong P, Ye Y, Zhang L, Chen M, Hu Y, Gu A, Chen S, Wang Y. NF-κB-vimentin is involved in steroidogenesis stimulated by di- n-butyl phthalate in prepubertal female rats. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2018; 7:826-833. [PMID: 30310660 PMCID: PMC6116176 DOI: 10.1039/c8tx00035b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed at assessing steroidogenesis stimulated by low-dose exposure to DBP in prepubertal female rats. Animals were gavaged with DBP from postnatal day 21 to 33 at 0, 1, 10 and 500 mg kg-1 day-1. 500 mg kg-1 day-1 was selected since it was used in numerous studies and the inhibitory effect could be observed at this dosage. After treatment, hormone levels in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. mRNA and protein expressions of vimentin, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 and phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 (p-p65) were assayed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Uterus weights, progesterone levels in serum, and protein expression of vimentin and p-p65 in ovaries increased significantly after the animals were exposed to DBP at 1 mg kg-1 day-1. Additionally, steroidogenesis and vimentin expression stimulated by DBP were blocked when the activity of NF-κB p65 was inhibited by the NF-κB inhibitor, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamic acid (PDTC). These results strongly suggested that DBP may activate uterus development by up-regulated steroidogenesis through the NF-κB-vimentin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology , Ministry of Education , School of Public Health , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , 211166 , PR China . ; ; Tel: +86-25-8686-8390
- The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine , Institute of Toxicology , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , 211166 , PR China
| | - Pan Gong
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology , Ministry of Education , School of Public Health , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , 211166 , PR China . ; ; Tel: +86-25-8686-8390
- The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine , Institute of Toxicology , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , 211166 , PR China
| | - Yan Ye
- Donghai Town Community Health Service Center , Qidongcounty , Jiangsu province 226253 , PR China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Safety Assessment and Research Center for Drug , Pesticide and Veterinary Drug of Jiangsu Province , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing 211166 , PR China
| | - Minjian Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology , Ministry of Education , School of Public Health , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , 211166 , PR China . ; ; Tel: +86-25-8686-8390
- The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine , Institute of Toxicology , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , 211166 , PR China
| | - Yanhui Hu
- Safety Assessment and Research Center for Drug , Pesticide and Veterinary Drug of Jiangsu Province , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing 211166 , PR China
| | - Aihua Gu
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology , Ministry of Education , School of Public Health , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , 211166 , PR China . ; ; Tel: +86-25-8686-8390
- The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine , Institute of Toxicology , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , 211166 , PR China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology , Ministry of Education , School of Public Health , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , 211166 , PR China . ; ; Tel: +86-25-8686-8390
- The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine , Institute of Toxicology , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , 211166 , PR China
| | - Yubang Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology , Ministry of Education , School of Public Health , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , 211166 , PR China . ; ; Tel: +86-25-8686-8390
- The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine , Institute of Toxicology , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , 211166 , PR China
- Safety Assessment and Research Center for Drug , Pesticide and Veterinary Drug of Jiangsu Province , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing 211166 , PR China
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Abstract
The abundance of oxidants and reductants must be balanced for an organism to thrive. Bacteria have evolved methods to prevent redox imbalances and to mitigate their deleterious consequences through the expression of detoxification enzymes, antioxidants, and systems to repair or degrade damaged proteins and DNA. Regulating these processes in response to redox changes requires sophisticated surveillance strategies ranging from metal chelation to direct sensing of toxic reactive oxygen species. In the case of bacterial pathogens, stress that threatens to disrupt redox homeostasis can derive from endogenous sources (produced by the bacteria) or exogenous sources (produced by the host). This minireview summarizes the sources of redox stress encountered during infection, the mechanisms by which bacterial pathogens diminish the damaging effects of redox stress, and the clever ways some organisms have evolved to thrive in the face of redox challenges during infection.
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Yeh JK, Chen CH. Estimated radiation risk of cancer from dental cone-beam computed tomography imaging in orthodontics patients. BMC Oral Health 2018; 18:131. [PMID: 30075771 PMCID: PMC6091080 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-018-0592-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Radiation dose evaluation is important to cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for routine orthodontic treatment planning, especially for a significant proportion of children in orthodontic patients. This study evaluated the patient radiation dose and estimated the radiation cancer risk on dental CBCT according to the calculations by the Monte Carlo simulation method. Methods The dental CBCT scanner evaluated in this project was the i- CAT® (Imaging Sciences International Inc., PA, U.S.A.) device. Organ doses and effective doses were calculated by using personal computer-based Monte Carlo simulation (PCXMC 2.0 Rotation) software. The cancer risk resulting from the exposure to ionizing radiation was estimated by using the BEIR VII (Biologic Effects of Ionizing Radiation VII) report model, and the risk of exposure-induced death (REID) was assessed by PCXMC 2.0 Rotation software. Results The largest contribution to the organ dose and effective dose at Zref 83 cm positioned in the dental CBCT x-ray beam centerline was from the salivary glands (738.29μGy, 7.38 μSv). The different organ doses showed the maximum values at the different Zref locations, and the largest contribution to the organ dose and effective dose of all simulated positions was from the thyroid (928.77μGy, 37.5 μSv). The REID values in the 10-year olds (22.6 × 10− 7, female; 19 × 10− 7, male) were approximately double than those in 30-year olds (10.4 × 10− 7, female; 8.88 × 10− 7, male) for all cancers. The highest change during age range from 10 to 30 was shown in breast cancer of females. Conclusions Although individual cancer risk estimates as a function of gender and age are small, the concern about the risks from dental CBCT is related to the rapid increase in its use for orthodontic practice, especially in children patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jih-Kuei Yeh
- Division of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal United Hospital, No.976, Jhonghua 1st Rd., Gushan Dist, Kaohsiung City, 804, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hui Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Science, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No.666, Buzih Road, Beitun District, Taichung City, 40601, Taiwan. .,College of Photonics National Chiao Tung University, No.301, Gaofa 3rd Rd., Guiren Dist, Tainan City, 711, Taiwan.
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Vittecoq M, Giraudeau M, Sepp T, Marcogliese DJ, Klaassen M, Renaud F, Ujvari B, Thomas F. Turning natural adaptations to oncogenic factors into an ally in the war against cancer. Evol Appl 2018; 11:836-844. [PMID: 29928293 PMCID: PMC5999213 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Both field and experimental evolution studies have demonstrated that organisms naturally or artificially exposed to environmental oncogenic factors can, sometimes rapidly, evolve specific adaptations to cope with pollutants and their adverse effects on fitness. Although numerous pollutants are mutagenic and carcinogenic, little attention has been given to exploring the extent to which adaptations displayed by organisms living in oncogenic environments could inspire novel cancer treatments, through mimicking the processes allowing these organisms to prevent or limit malignant progression. Building on a substantial knowledge base from the literature, we here present and discuss this progressive and promising research direction, advocating closer collaboration between the fields of medicine, ecology, and evolution in the war against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Vittecoq
- Institut de Recherche de la Tour du Valat Arles France.,CREEC/MIVEGEC IRD CNRS University of Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - Mathieu Giraudeau
- School of Life Sciences Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA.,Centre for Ecology & Conservation College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Exeter Penryn UK
| | - Tuul Sepp
- School of Life Sciences Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA.,Department of Zoology University of Tartu Tartu Estonia
| | - David J Marcogliese
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division Water Science and Technology Directorate Environment and Climate Change Canada St. Lawrence Centre Montreal QC Canada.,Fisheries and Oceans Canada St. Andrews Biological Station St. Andrews NB Canada
| | - Marcel Klaassen
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences Centre for Integrative Ecology Deakin University Deakin Vic. Australia
| | - François Renaud
- CREEC/MIVEGEC IRD CNRS University of Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - Beata Ujvari
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences Centre for Integrative Ecology Deakin University Deakin Vic. Australia.,School of Biological Sciences University of Tasmania Hobart TAS Australia
| | - Frédéric Thomas
- CREEC/MIVEGEC IRD CNRS University of Montpellier Montpellier France
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Abstract
Recent decades have seen a rapid increase in reported toxic effects of drugs and pollutants on mitochondria. Researchers have also documented many genetic differences leading to mitochondrial diseases, currently reported to affect ∼1 person in 4,300, creating a large number of potential gene-environment interactions in mitochondrial toxicity. We briefly review this history, and then highlight cutting-edge areas of mitochondrial research including the role of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in signaling; increased understanding of fundamental biological processes involved in mitochondrial homeostasis (DNA maintenance and mutagenesis, mitochondrial stress response pathways, fusion and fission, autophagy and biogenesis, and exocytosis); systemic effects resulting from mitochondrial stresses in specific cell types; mitochondrial involvement in immune function; the growing evidence of long-term effects of mitochondrial toxicity; mitochondrial-epigenetic cross-talk; and newer approaches to test chemicals for mitochondrial toxicity. We also discuss the potential importance of hormetic effects of mitochondrial stressors. Finally, we comment on future areas of research we consider critical for mitochondrial toxicology, including increased integration of clinical, experimental laboratory, and epidemiological (human and wildlife) studies; improved understanding of biomarkers in the human population; and incorporation of other factors that affect mitochondria, such as diet, exercise, age, and nonchemical stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel N Meyer
- Nicholas School of the Environment and Integrated Toxicology and Environmental Health Program, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0328
| | - Jessica H Hartman
- Nicholas School of the Environment and Integrated Toxicology and Environmental Health Program, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0328
| | - Danielle F Mello
- Nicholas School of the Environment and Integrated Toxicology and Environmental Health Program, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0328
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Pomatto LCD, Davies KJA. The role of declining adaptive homeostasis in ageing. J Physiol 2017; 595:7275-7309. [PMID: 29028112 PMCID: PMC5730851 DOI: 10.1113/jp275072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptive homeostasis is "the transient expansion or contraction of the homeostatic range for any given physiological parameter in response to exposure to sub-toxic, non-damaging, signalling molecules or events, or the removal or cessation of such molecules or events" (Davies, 2016). Adaptive homeostasis enables biological systems to make continuous short-term adjustments for optimal functioning despite ever-changing internal and external environments. Initiation of adaptation in response to an appropriate signal allows organisms to successfully cope with much greater, normally toxic, stresses. These short-term responses are initiated following effective signals, including hypoxia, cold shock, heat shock, oxidative stress, exercise-induced adaptation, caloric restriction, osmotic stress, mechanical stress, immune response, and even emotional stress. There is now substantial literature detailing a decline in adaptive homeostasis that, unfortunately, appears to manifest with ageing, especially in the last third of the lifespan. In this review, we present the hypothesis that one hallmark of the ageing process is a significant decline in adaptive homeostasis capacity. We discuss the mechanistic importance of diminished capacity for short-term (reversible) adaptive responses (both biochemical and signal transduction/gene expression-based) to changing internal and external conditions, for short-term survival and for lifespan and healthspan. Studies of cultured mammalian cells, worms, flies, rodents, simians, apes, and even humans, all indicate declining adaptive homeostasis as a potential contributor to age-dependent senescence, increased risk of disease, and even mortality. Emerging work points to Nrf2-Keap1 signal transduction pathway inhibitors, including Bach1 and c-Myc, both of whose tissue concentrations increase with age, as possible major causes for age-dependent loss of adaptive homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C. D. Pomatto
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology of the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology CenterUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089USA
| | - Kelvin J. A. Davies
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology of the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology CenterUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089USA
- Molecular and Computational Biology Program, Department of Biological Sciences of the Dornsife College of LettersArts & Sciences: the University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089‐0191USA
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38
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Peng Y, Deng A, Gong X, Li X, Zhang Y. Coupling process study of lipid production and mercury bioremediation by biomimetic mineralized microalgae. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 243:628-633. [PMID: 28709067 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Considering the high concentration of mercury in industrial wastewater, such as coal-fired power plants and gold mining wastewater, this research study investigated the coupling process of lipid production and mercury bioremediation using microalgae cells. Chlorella vulgaris modified by biomimetic mineralization. The cultivation was divided in two stages: a natural cultivation for 7days and 5days of Hg2+ addition (10-100μg/L) for cultivation at different pH values (4-7) after inoculation. Next, the harvested cells were eluted, and lipid was extracted. The fluorescein diacetate (FDA) dye tests demonstrated that the mineralized layer enhanced the biological activity of microalgae cells in Hg2+ contaminated media. Hg distribution tests showed that the Hg removal capacity of modified cells was increased from 62.85% to 94.74%, and 88.72% of eluted Hg2+ concentration was observed in modified cells compared to 48.42% of raw cells, implying that more mercury was transferred from lipid and residuals into elutable forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Aosong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Xun Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
| | - Xiaomin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, PR China
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Puukila S, Lemon JA, Lees SJ, Tai TC, Boreham DR, Khaper N. Impact of Ionizing Radiation on the Cardiovascular System: A Review. Radiat Res 2017; 188:539-546. [PMID: 28873026 DOI: 10.1667/rr14864.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Radiation therapy has become one of the main forms of treatment for various types of cancers. Cancer patients previously treated with high doses of radiation are at a greater risk to develop cardiovascular complications later in life. The heart can receive varying doses of radiation depending on the type of therapy and can even reach doses in the range of 17 Gy. Multiple studies have highlighted the role of oxidative stress and inflammation in radiation-induced cardiovascular damage. Doses of ionizing radiation below 200 mGy, however, have been shown to have beneficial effects in some experimental models of radiation-induced damage, but low-dose effects in the heart is still debated. Low-dose radiation may promote heart health and reduce damage from oxidative stress and inflammation, however there are few studies focusing on the impact of low-dose radiation on the heart. In this review, we summarize recent studies from animal models and human data focusing on the effects and mechanism(s) of action of radiation-induced damage to the heart, as well as the effects of high and low doses of radiation and dose rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Puukila
- a Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Jennifer A Lemon
- b Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Simon J Lees
- c Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - T C Tai
- d Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; and Bruce Power, Tiverton, ON, N0G 2T0 Canada
| | - Douglas R Boreham
- d Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; and Bruce Power, Tiverton, ON, N0G 2T0 Canada
| | - Neelam Khaper
- c Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
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40
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Temporal dynamics of whole body residues of the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid in live or dead honeybees. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6288. [PMID: 28740208 PMCID: PMC5524747 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06259-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In cases of acute intoxication, honeybees often lay in front of their hives for several days, exposed to sunlight and weather, before a beekeeper can take a sample. Beekeepers send samples to analytical laboratories, but sometimes no residues can be detected. Temperature and sun light could influence the decrease of pesticides in bee samples and thereby residues left for analysis. Moreover, samples are usually sent via normal postal services without cooling. We investigated the temporal dynamics of whole-body residues of imidacloprid in live or dead honeybees following a single-meal dietary exposure of 41 ng/bee under various environmental conditions, such as freezing, exposure to UV light or transfer of individuals through the mail system. Immobile, “dead” looking honeybees recovered from paralysis after 48 hours. The decrease of residues in living but paralysed bees was stopped by freezing (= killing). UV light significantly reduced residues, but the mode of transport did not affect residue levels. Group feeding increased the variance of residues, which is relevant for acute oral toxicity tests. In conclusion, elapsed time after poisoning is key for detection of neonicotinoids. Freezing before mailing significantly reduced the decrease of imidacloprid residues and may increase the accuracy of laboratory analysis for pesticides.
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41
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Harting TP, Stubbendorff M, Hammer SC, Schadzek P, Ngezahayo A, Murua Escobar H, Nolte I. Dichloroacetate affects proliferation but not apoptosis in canine mammary cell lines. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178744. [PMID: 28591165 PMCID: PMC5462399 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting mitochondrial energy metabolism is a novel approach in cancer research and can be traced back to the description of the Warburg effect. Dichloroacetate, a controversially discussed subject of many studies in cancer research, is a pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase inhibitor. Dichloroacetate causes metabolic changes in cancerous glycolysis towards oxidative phosphorylation via indirect activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase in mitochondria. Canine mammary cancer is frequently diagnosed but after therapy prognosis still remains poor. In this study, canine mammary carcinoma, adenoma and non-neoplastic mammary gland cell lines were treated using 10 mM Dichloroacetate. The effect on cell number, lactate release and PDH expression and cell respiration was investigated. Further, the effect on apoptosis and several apoptotic proteins, proliferation, and microRNA expression was evaluated. Dichloroacetate was found to reduce cell proliferation without inducing apoptosis in all examined cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana P. Harting
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
- Division of Medicine Clinic III, Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Susanne C. Hammer
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
- Division of Medicine Clinic III, Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Patrik Schadzek
- Institute of Biophysics, Leibniz University, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Hugo Murua Escobar
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
- Division of Medicine Clinic III, Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ingo Nolte
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
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42
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Novel Function of Isoamylamine Improves Survival in Endotoxemic Mice by Ameliorating Coagulopathy and Attenuating MMP-9 Expression Through p-ERK/p-p38 Signaling at Early Stage. Shock 2017; 47:772-779. [DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000000786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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43
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On mechanism of antioxidant effect of fullerenols. Biochem Biophys Rep 2016; 9:1-8. [PMID: 28955983 PMCID: PMC5614482 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fullerenols are nanosized water-soluble polyhydroxylated derivatives of fullerenes, specific allotropic form of carbon, bioactive compounds and perspective pharmaceutical agents. Antioxidant activity of fullerenols was studied in model solutions of organic and inorganic toxicants of oxidative type - 1,4-benzoquinone and potassium ferricyanide. Two fullerenol preparations were tested: С60О2-4(ОН)20-24 and mixture of two types of fullerenols С60О2-4(ОН)20-24+С70О2-4(ОН)20-24. Bacteria-based and enzyme-based bioluminescent assays were used to evaluate a decrease in cellular and biochemical toxicities, respectively. Additionally, the enzyme-based assay was used for the direct monitoring of efficiency of the oxidative enzymatic processes. The bacteria-based and enzyme-based assays showed similar peculiarities of the detoxification processes: (1) ultralow concentrations of fullerenols were active (ca 10-17-10-4 and 10-17-10-5 g/L, respectively), (2) no monotonic dependence of detoxification efficiency on fullerenol concentrations was observed, and (3) detoxification of organic oxidizer solutions was more effective than that of the inorganic oxidizer. The antioxidant effect of highly diluted fullerenol solutions on bacterial cells was attributed to hormesis phenomenon; the detoxification was concerned with stimulation of adaptive cellular response under low-dose exposures. Sequence analysis of 16S ribosomal RNA was carried out; it did not reveal mutations in bacterial DNA. The suggestion was made that hydrophobic membrane-dependent processes are involved to the detoxifying mechanism. Catalytic activity of fullerenol (10-8 g/L) in NADH-dependent enzymatic reactions was demonstrated and supposed to contribute to adaptive bacterial response.
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44
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Hanekamp JC, Bast A. Hormesis in precautionary regulatory culture: models preferences and the advancement of science. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 26:855-73. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327107083414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The article focuses on flaws in the actual approaches of exposure to a chemical of recipient organisms. It demonstrates the excessive use of arguments based on adverse effects and underlines the necessity to take adaptive effects seriously. Regulators are invited to rethink their inclination to the `When in doubt, keep it out.' precautionary approach, with results in counter-productive and costly regulations. The authors are clear about the necessity to include hormesis, in the form of a toxicological insignificant exposure (TIE) level, related to the concentration, as a regulatory translation of adaptive effects. This inclusion might well be the `brake' for the looming `collision' with reality of the actual linear toxicological models. This analysis includes the advice to EPA, not to follow the `witch hunt of synthetic chemicals' as embodied in the EU REACH program. Human & Experimental Toxicology (2007) 26, 855 — 873
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aalt Bast
- Human Toxicology and Pharmacology, Maastricht University
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45
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Weltje L, vom Saal FS, Oehlmann J. Reproductive stimulation by low doses of xenoestrogens contrasts with the view of hormesis as an adaptive response. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 24:431-7. [PMID: 16235731 DOI: 10.1191/0960327105ht551oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We discuss the similarities and differences of two types of effects that occur at low but not high doses of chemicals: hormesis and stimulation by oestrogenic endocrine-disrupting chemicals or xenoestrogens. While hormesis is a general phenomenon evoked by many compounds, oestrogenic stimulation occurs for specific chemicals that disrupt actions of endogenous oestrogen. Both types of phenomena can induce an inverted-U dose-response curve, from low-dose stimulation of response, and thus challenge current methods of risk assessment. Hormesis is generally thought to be caused by an over-reaction of detoxification mechanisms, which is considered an adaptive response that should protect an organism from subsequent stress. One view of the hormetic low-dose stimulatory response, i.e., increased performance, is that it is beneficial. In contrast, we propose that for manmade xenoestrogens this is never the case. This is demonstrated with examples for low doses of the oestrogenic environmental chemicals bisphenol A and octylphenol, and the oestrogenic drug-response curves is underestimated by the current threshold model used in risk assessment, and this is likely to apply to other endocrine-disrupting chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lennart Weltje
- Department of Ecology and Evolution-Ecotoxicology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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46
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Abstract
Many nations have shown mounting interest in a simple idea for the regulation of risk: In case of doubt, follow the precautionary principle (O'Riordan T, Cameron J eds. Interpreting the precautionary principle, 2002). Avoid steps that will create a risk of harm. Until safety is established, be cautious; do not require unambiguous evidence. In a catchphrase: Better safe than sorry.
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47
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Arneaud SLB, Douglas PM. The stress response paradox: fighting degeneration at the cost of cancer. FEBS J 2016; 283:4047-4055. [PMID: 27225066 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the modern research era, sequencing and high-throughput analysis have linked genetic factors with a multitude of disease states. Often times, the same cellular machinery is implicated in several different diseases and has made it challenging to drug a particular disease with minimal pleotropic consequences. It is intriguing to see how different fields of disease research can present such differing views when describing the same biological process, pathway, or molecule. As observations in one field converge with research in another, we gain a more complete picture of a biological system and can accurately assess the feasibility for translational science. As an example discussed here, modulating latent stress response pathways within the cell provides exciting therapeutic potential, however, opposing views have emerged in the fields of degenerative disease and cancer. This at first glance seems logical as suppression of degenerative disease entails maintaining cell viability, while cancer aims to enhance selective senescence and cell death. As both of these disciplines seek novel therapeutic interventions, we should not overlook how scientific biases involving one biological process may impact different disease paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter M Douglas
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, Dallas, TX, USA
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48
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Abstract
Homeostasis is a central pillar of modern Physiology. The term homeostasis was invented by Walter Bradford Cannon in an attempt to extend and codify the principle of 'milieu intérieur,' or a constant interior bodily environment, that had previously been postulated by Claude Bernard. Clearly, 'milieu intérieur' and homeostasis have served us well for over a century. Nevertheless, research on signal transduction systems that regulate gene expression, or that cause biochemical alterations to existing enzymes, in response to external and internal stimuli, makes it clear that biological systems are continuously making short-term adaptations both to set-points, and to the range of 'normal' capacity. These transient adaptations typically occur in response to relatively mild changes in conditions, to programs of exercise training, or to sub-toxic, non-damaging levels of chemical agents; thus, the terms hormesis, heterostasis, and allostasis are not accurate descriptors. Therefore, an operational adjustment to our understanding of homeostasis suggests that the modified term, Adaptive Homeostasis, may be useful especially in studies of stress, toxicology, disease, and aging. Adaptive Homeostasis may be defined as follows: 'The transient expansion or contraction of the homeostatic range in response to exposure to sub-toxic, non-damaging, signaling molecules or events, or the removal or cessation of such molecules or events.'
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin J A Davies
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology of the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, The University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA; Division of Molecular and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, & Sciences, The University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA.
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49
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Rozhko TV, Badun GA, Razzhivina IA, Guseynov OA, Guseynova VE, Kudryasheva NS. On the mechanism of biological activation by tritium. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2016; 157:131-135. [PMID: 27035890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of biological activation by beta-emitting radionuclide tritium was studied. Luminous marine bacteria were used as a bioassay to monitor the biological effect of tritium with luminescence intensity as the physiological parameter tested. Two different types of tritium sources were used: HTO molecules distributed regularly in the surrounding aqueous medium, and a solid source with tritium atoms fixed on its surface (tritium-labeled films, 0.11, 0.28, 0.91, and 2.36 MBq/cm(2)). When using the tritium-labeled films, tritium penetration into the cells was prevented. The both types of tritium sources revealed similar changes in the bacterial luminescence kinetics: a delay period followed by bioluminescence activation. No monotonic dependences of bioluminescence activation efficiency on specific radioactivities of the films were found. A 15-day exposure to tritiated water (100 MBq/L) did not reveal mutations in bacterial DNA. The results obtained give preference to a "non-genomic" mechanism of bioluminescence activation by tritium. An activation of the intracellular bioluminescence process develops without penetration of tritium atoms into the cells and can be caused by intensification of trans-membrane cellular processes stimulated by ionization and radiolysis of aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- T V Rozhko
- Krasnoyarsk State Medical Academy, P.Zheleznyaka 1, Krasnoyarsk, 660022, Russia; Siberian Federal University, Svobodny 79, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia
| | - G A Badun
- Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - I A Razzhivina
- Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - O A Guseynov
- Siberian Federal University, Svobodny 79, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia
| | - V E Guseynova
- Siberian Federal University, Svobodny 79, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia
| | - N S Kudryasheva
- Siberian Federal University, Svobodny 79, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia; Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Akademgorodok 50/50, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia.
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50
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Hwang SG, Kim DS, Kim JB, Hwang JE, Park HM, Kim JH, Jang CS. Transcriptome analysis of reproductive-stage Arabidopsis plants exposed gamma-ray irradiation at various doses. Int J Radiat Biol 2016; 92:451-65. [PMID: 27151538 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2016.1178865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Goo Hwang
- Plant Genomics Laboratory, Department of Applied Plant Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Dong Sub Kim
- NJ Solar Plant Group, NJ Biopia Co., Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jin-Baek Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Jung Eun Hwang
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Hyun Mi Park
- Plant Genomics Laboratory, Department of Applied Plant Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Jin Hyuk Kim
- Plant Genomics Laboratory, Department of Applied Plant Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Cheol Seong Jang
- Plant Genomics Laboratory, Department of Applied Plant Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
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