1
|
Kaiser RA, Polk JS, Datta T, Keely SP, Brinkman NE, Parekh RR, Agga GE. Occurrence and prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in urban karst groundwater systems based on targeted resistome analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 874:162571. [PMID: 36871706 PMCID: PMC10449245 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global crisis threatening human, animal, and environmental health. The natural environment, specifically water resources, has been recognized as a reservoir and dissemination pathway for AMR; however, urban karst aquifer systems have been overlooked. This is a concern as these aquifer systems provide drinking water to about 10 % of the global population; yet, the urban influence on the resistome in these vulnerable aquifers is sparingly explored. This study used high-throughput qPCR to determine the occurrence and relative abundance of antimicrobial resistant genes (ARG) in a developing urban karst groundwater system in Bowling Green, KY. Ten sites throughout the city were sampled weekly and analyzed for 85 ARGs, as well as seven microbial source tracking (MST) genes for human and animal sources, providing a spatiotemporal understanding of the resistome in urban karst groundwater. To further understand ARGs in this environment, potential drivers (landuse, karst feature type, season, source of fecal pollution) were considered in relation to the resistome relative abundance. The MST markers highlighted a prominent human influence to the resistome in this karst setting. The concentration of targeted genes varied between the sample weeks, but all targeted ARGs were prevalent throughout the aquifer regardless of karst feature type or season, with high concentrations captured for sulfonamide (sul1), quaternary ammonium compound (qacE), and aminoglycoside (strB) antimicrobial classes. Higher prevalence and relative abundance were detected during the summer and fall seasons, as well as at the spring features. Linear discriminant analysis suggested that karst feature type had higher influence on ARGs in the aquifer compared to season and the source of fecal pollution had the least influence. These findings can contribute to the development of effective management and mitigation strategies for AMR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Kaiser
- School of Environmental Studies, College of Interdisciplinary Studies, Tennessee Technological University, 1 William L Jones Drive, Cookeville, TN 38505, United States.
| | - Jason S Polk
- Earth, Environmental, and Atmospheric Sciences Department, Ogden College of Science and Engineering, 1906 College Heights Blvd., Bowling Green, KY 42101, United States
| | - Tania Datta
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Tennessee Technological University, 1 William L Jones Drive, Cookeville, TN 38505, United States
| | - Scott P Keely
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, 26 Martin Luther King Drive West, Cincinnati, OH 45220, United States
| | - Nichole E Brinkman
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, 26 Martin Luther King Drive West, Cincinnati, OH 45220, United States
| | - Rohan R Parekh
- Food Animal Environmental Systems Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 2413 Nashville Road B5, Bowling Green, KY 42101, United States
| | - Getahun E Agga
- Food Animal Environmental Systems Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 2413 Nashville Road B5, Bowling Green, KY 42101, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
An Overview of Microbial Source Tracking Using Host-Specific Genetic Markers to Identify Origins of Fecal Contamination in Different Water Environments. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14111809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Fecal contamination of water constitutes a serious health risk to humans and environmental ecosystems. This is mainly due to the fact that fecal material carries a variety of enteropathogens, which can enter and circulate in water bodies through fecal pollution. In this respect, the prompt identification of the polluting source(s) is pivotal to guiding appropriate target-specific remediation actions. Notably, microbial source tracking (MST) is widely applied to determine the host origin(s) contributing to fecal water pollution through the identification of zoogenic and/or anthropogenic sources of fecal environmental DNA (eDNA). A wide array of host-associated molecular markers have been developed and exploited for polluting source attribution in various aquatic ecosystems. This review is intended to provide the most up-to-date overview of genetic marker-based MST studies carried out in different water types, such as freshwaters (including surface and groundwaters) and seawaters (from coasts, beaches, lagoons, and estuaries), as well as drinking water systems. Focusing on the latest scientific progress/achievements, this work aims to gain updated knowledge on the applicability and robustness of using MST for water quality surveillance. Moreover, it also provides a future perspective on advancing MST applications for environmental research.
Collapse
|
3
|
Kongprajug A, Denpetkul T, Chyerochana N, Mongkolsuk S, Sirikanchana K. Human Fecal Pollution Monitoring and Microbial Risk Assessment for Water Reuse Potential in a Coastal Industrial-Residential Mixed-Use Watershed. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:647602. [PMID: 33959110 PMCID: PMC8093506 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.647602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid economic development has caused industrial expansion into residential communities, leading to higher fecal pollution loads that could be discharged into aquatic environments. However, little is known regarding the potential microbial impact on human health. This study investigated microbial contamination from coastal industrial–residential community areas in nine sampling sites in waterways during three dry events. A general microbial source tracking (MST) marker, GenBac3, was detected in all samples from all three events, indicating continuing fecal pollution in the area, mostly from human sewage contamination. This was shown by the human-specific genetic marker crAssphage (88.9%) and human polyomavirus (HPyVs; 92.6%) detection. Enteric human adenovirus (HAdV40/41) showed three positive results only from residential sites in the first event. No spatial difference was observed for MST markers and traditional fecal indicators (total coliforms and Escherichia coli) in each event. Still, a significantly lower abundance of GenBac3, HPyVs, and total coliforms in the first sampling event was detected. Spearman’s rho analysis indicated a strong correlation among certain pairs of microbial parameters. Multivariate analysis revealed two clusters of samples separated by land use type (industrial vs. residential). According to factor analysis of mixed data, the land use parameter was more associated with physicochemical parameters (i.e., salinity, conductivity, water temperature, and dissolved oxygen). A Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) was then conducted to estimate the annual infection risks of HAdV40/41 for non-potable water reuse purposes using predicted concentrations from crAssphage and HPyVs. The highest risks (95th percentiles) were ranked by food crop irrigation, aquaculture, and toilet flushing, at 10–1, 10–2, and 10–3 per person per year (pppy). Required treatment levels to achieve a 10–4 pppy annual infection risk were estimated. QMRA-based water treatment scenarios were suggested, including chlorination for toilet flushing reuse and depth filtration prior to chlorination for aquaculture and food crop irrigation. Microbial monitoring combined with a QMRA could provide better insights into fecal pollution patterns and the associated risks, facilitating effective water quality management and appropriate prior treatments for water reuse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akechai Kongprajug
- Research Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thammanitchpol Denpetkul
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Natcha Chyerochana
- Research Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Skorn Mongkolsuk
- Research Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand.,Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Ministry of Education, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kwanrawee Sirikanchana
- Research Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand.,Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Ministry of Education, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Stange C, Tiehm A. Occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes and microbial source tracking markers in the water of a karst spring in Germany. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 742:140529. [PMID: 32629259 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of antimicrobial resistances causes serious public health concerns worldwide. In recent years, the aquatic ecosystem has been recognized as a reservoir for antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). The prevalence of 11 ARGs, active against six antibiotic classes (β-lactams, aminoglycosides, tetracycline, macrolides, trimethoprim, and sulfonamides), was evaluated at a karst spring (Gallusquelle) in Germany, using molecular biological methods. In addition, fecal indicator bacteria (FIB), turbidity, electrical conductivity, spring discharge, and microbial source tracking markers specific for human, horse, chicken, and cow were determined. The ARGs most frequently detected were ermB (42.1%), tet(C) (40.8%), sul2 (39.5%), and sul1 (36.8%), which code for resistance to macrolides, tetracycline and sulfonamides, respectively. After a heavy rain event, the increase in FIB in the spring water was associated with the increase in ARGs and human-specific microbial source tracking (MST) markers. The determined correlations of the microbiological parameters, the observed overflow of a combined sewer overflow basin a few days before the increase of these parameters, and the findings of previous studies indicate that the overflow of this undersized basin located 9 km away from the spring could be a factor affecting the water quality of the karst spring. Our results provide a scientific basis for minimization of the input of fecal pollution and thus ARGs into the karst spring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Stange
- DVGW-Technologiezentrum Wasser (TZW), Karlsruher Straße 84, D-76139 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - A Tiehm
- DVGW-Technologiezentrum Wasser (TZW), Karlsruher Straße 84, D-76139 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xiang S, Wang X, Ma W, Liu X, Zhang B, Huang F, Liu F, Guan X. Response of microbial communities of karst river water to antibiotics and microbial source tracking for antibiotics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 706:135730. [PMID: 31791761 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In southwestern China, karst river water is the main source of water for humans. As emerging pollutants, antibiotics have contaminated karst river water in some areas for a long time. Microbiota is highly susceptible to environmental changes, and can be used in tracing the source of antibiotics in complex systems such as karst water. Ten karst river water samples were collected along the river flow. The diversity and structure of the microbial community were analyzed together with environmental factors through correlation analysis, the random forest algorithm and co-occurrence network analysis. At genus level, Arcobacter was significantly positively correlated with the antibiotics, indicating that Arcobacter and antibiotics probably came from the same source. Based on co-occurrence network analysis between microbes, the microbial community was divided into eight modules, and the relative abundance of three modules was significantly correlated with antibiotics. The co-occurrence networks between bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) showed that pathogenic bacteria potentially carried multiple ARGs. This could increase the disease risk to humans and disease transmission in the study area. When river water flowed underground, the concentration of antibiotics decreased for the two underground river outlet sites, but abundance of bacteria and ARGs increased. Microbial source tracking studies showed that contamination was derived from humans rather than livestock. The ranking importance of prediction for antibiotics in this study area from random forest follows: specific bacteria Arcobacter > ARGs > ecological clusters. This study will be helpful in identifying the effect of antibiotics discharge on the microbial community, improving evaluation of antibiotics' risks and contaminants source tracking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shizheng Xiang
- School of Ocean Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xusheng Wang
- School of Ocean Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wen Ma
- School of Ocean Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaoping Liu
- School of Ocean Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Biao Zhang
- School of Ocean Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fuyang Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiangyu Guan
- School of Ocean Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gorgannezhad L, Sreejith KR, Zhang J, Kijanka G, Christie M, Stratton H, Nguyen NT. Microfluidic Array Chip for Parallel Detection of Waterborne Bacteria. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:E883. [PMID: 31888270 PMCID: PMC6952809 DOI: 10.3390/mi10120883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a robust technique used to make multiple copies of a segment of DNA. However, the available PCR platforms require elaborate and time-consuming operations or costly instruments, hindering their application. Herein, we introduce a sandwiched glass-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-glass microchip containing an array of reactors for the real-time PCR-based detection of multiple waterborne bacteria. The PCR solution was loaded into the array of reactors in a single step utilising capillary filling, eliminating the need for pumps, valves, and liquid handling instruments. Issues of generating and trapping bubbles during the loading chip step were addressed by creating smooth internal reactor surfaces. Triton X-100 was used to enhance PCR compatibility in the chip by minimising the nonspecific adsorption of enzymes. A custom-made real-time PCR instrument was also fabricated to provide thermal cycling to the array chip. The microfluidic device was successfully demonstrated for microbial faecal source tracking (MST) in water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lena Gorgannezhad
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia; (L.G.); (K.R.S.); (J.Z.); (H.S.)
- School of Environment and Science, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia;
| | - Kamalalayam Rajan Sreejith
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia; (L.G.); (K.R.S.); (J.Z.); (H.S.)
| | - Jun Zhang
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia; (L.G.); (K.R.S.); (J.Z.); (H.S.)
| | - Gregor Kijanka
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia;
| | - Melody Christie
- School of Environment and Science, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia;
| | - Helen Stratton
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia; (L.G.); (K.R.S.); (J.Z.); (H.S.)
- School of Environment and Science, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia;
| | - Nam-Trung Nguyen
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia; (L.G.); (K.R.S.); (J.Z.); (H.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Vadde KK, Feng Q, Wang J, McCarthy AJ, Sekar R. Next-generation sequencing reveals fecal contamination and potentially pathogenic bacteria in a major inflow river of Taihu Lake. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 254:113108. [PMID: 31491696 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Taihu Lake is one of the largest freshwater lakes in China and serves as an important source for drinking water. This lake is suffering from eutrophication, cyanobacterial blooms and fecal pollution, and the inflow Tiaoxi River is one of the main contributors. The goal here was to characterize the bacterial community structure of Tiaoxi River water by next-generation sequencing (NGS), paying attention to bacteria that are either fecal-associated or pathogenic, and to examine the relationship between environmental parameters and bacterial community structure. Water samples collected from 15 locations in three seasons, and fecal samples collected from different hosts and wastewater samples were used for bacterial community analysis. The phyla Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Cyanobacteria were predominant in most of the water samples tested. In fecal samples, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria were abundant, while wastewater samples were dominated by Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria, and Chloroflexi. The cluster analysis and principal coordinate analysis indicated that bacterial community structure was significantly different between water, fecal and sewage samples. Shared OTUs between water samples and chicken, pig, and human fecal samples ranged from 4.5 to 9.8% indicating the presence of avian, pig and human fecal contamination in Tiaoxi River. At genus level, five bacterial genera of fecal origin and sequences of seven potential pathogens were detected in many locations and their presence was correlated well with the land use pattern. The sequencing data revealed that Faecalibacterium could be a potential target for human-associated microbial source-tracking qPCR assays. Our results suggest that pH, conductivity, and temperature were the main environmental factors in shaping the bacterial community based on redundancy analysis. Overall, NGS is a valuable tool for preliminary investigation of environmental samples to identify the potential human health risk, providing specific information about fecal and potentially pathogenic bacteria that can be followed up by specific methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Kumar Vadde
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qiaoli Feng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Alan J McCarthy
- Microbiology Research Group, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Raju Sekar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Urbanization Impacts the Physicochemical Characteristics and Abundance of Fecal Markers and Bacterial Pathogens in Surface Water. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16101739. [PMID: 31100947 PMCID: PMC6572354 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16101739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Urbanization is increasing worldwide and is happening at a rapid rate in China in line with economic development. Urbanization can lead to major changes in freshwater environments through multiple chemical and microbial contaminants. We assessed the impact of urbanization on physicochemical characteristics and microbial loading in canals in Suzhou, a city that has experienced rapid urbanization in recent decades. Nine sampling locations covering three urban intensity classes (high, medium and low) in Suzhou were selected for field studies and three locations in Huangshan (natural reserve) were included as pristine control locations. Water samples were collected for physicochemical, microbiological and molecular analyses. Compared to medium and low urbanization sites, there were statistically significant higher levels of nutrients and total and thermotolerant coliforms (or fecal coliforms) in highly urbanized locations. The effect of urbanization was also apparent in the abundances of human-associated fecal markers and bacterial pathogens in water samples from highly urbanized locations. These results correlated well with land use types and anthropogenic activities at the sampling sites. The overall results indicate that urbanization negatively impacts water quality, providing high levels of nutrients and a microbial load that includes fecal markers and pathogens.
Collapse
|
9
|
Charuaud L, Jardé E, Jaffrézic A, Liotaud M, Goyat Q, Mercier F, Le Bot B. Veterinary pharmaceutical residues in water resources and tap water in an intensive husbandry area in France. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 664:605-615. [PMID: 30763841 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In intensive livestock areas, veterinary pharmaceutical residues (VPRs) can occur in water resources, but also in tap water because treatment processes are not designed to remove these contaminants. The main objective of this study is to assess the occurrence of VPRs in water resources and tap waters in Brittany. As several identical compounds are used in both veterinary and human medicine, a toolbox (stanols and pharmaceuticals) is used to help determine the origin of contamination in the case of mixed-use molecules. Water resources samples were collected from 25 sites (23 surface waters and two groundwaters) used for tap water production and located in watersheds considered as sensitive due to intensive husbandry activities. Samples were also taken at 23 corresponding tap water sites. A list of 38 VPRs of interest was analyzed. In water resources, at least one VPR was quantified in 32% of the samples. 17 different VPRs were quantified, including antibiotics, antiparasitic drugs and anti-inflammatory drugs. Concentration levels ranged between 5 ng/L and 2946 ng/L. Mixed-use pharmaceuticals were quantified in twelve samples of water resources and among these samples nine had a mixed overall fecal contamination. In the context of this large-scale study, it appeared difficult to determine precisely the factors impacting the occurrence of VPRs. VPRs were quantified in 20% of the tap water samples. Twelve VPRs were quantified, including ten compounds exclusively used in veterinary medicine and two mixed-use compounds. Concentration levels are inferior to 40 ng/L for all compounds, with the exception of the antibiotic florfenicol which was quantified at 159 ng/L and 211 ng/L. The population of Brittany may therefore be exposed to these contaminants through tap water. These observations should be put into perspective with the detection frequencies per compound which are all below 10% in both water resources and tap water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lise Charuaud
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail)-UMR_S 1085, F-35043 Rennes, France
| | - Emilie Jardé
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, Géosciences Rennes, UMR6118, 35000 Rennes, France
| | | | - Marine Liotaud
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, Géosciences Rennes, UMR6118, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Quentin Goyat
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail)-UMR_S 1085, F-35043 Rennes, France
| | - Fabien Mercier
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail)-UMR_S 1085, F-35043 Rennes, France
| | - Barbara Le Bot
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail)-UMR_S 1085, F-35043 Rennes, France.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yu S, He R, Song A, Huang Y, Jin Z, Liang Y, Li Q, Wang X, Müller WEG, Cao J. Spatial and temporal dynamics of bacterioplankton community composition in a subtropical dammed karst river of southwestern China. Microbiologyopen 2019; 8:e00849. [PMID: 31058472 PMCID: PMC6741127 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
River damming influences the hydro‐physicochemical variations in karst water; however, such disruption in bacterioplankton communities has seldom been studied. Here, three sampling sites (city‐river section, reservoir area, and outflow area) of the Ca2+–Mg2+–HCO3−–SO42− water type in the dammed Liu River were selected to investigate the bacterioplankton community composition as identified by high‐throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing. In the dammed Liu River, thermal regimes have been altered, which has resulted in considerable spatial‐temporal differences in total dissolved solids (TDSs), oxidation‐reduction potential (Eh), dissolved oxygen (DO), and pH and in a different microenvironment for bacterioplankton. Among the dominant bacterioplankton phyla, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Cyanobacteria account for 38.99%–87.24%, 3.75%–36.55%, 4.77%–38.90%, and 0%–14.44% of the total reads (mean relative frequency), respectively. Bacterioplankton communities are dominated by Brevundimonas, Novosphingobium, Zymomonas, the Actinobacteria hgcIclade, the CL500‐29 marine group, Sediminibacterium, Flavobacterium, Pseudarcicella, Cloacibacterium, and Prochlorococcus. Their abundances covary with spatial‐temporal variations in hydro‐physicochemical factors, as also demonstrated by beta diversity analyses. In addition, temperature plays a pivotal role in maintaining bacterioplankton biodiversity and hydro‐physicochemical variations. This result also highlights the concept that ecological niches for aquatic bacteria in dammed karst rivers do not accidentally occur but are the result of a suite of environmental forces. In addition, bacterioplankton can alter the aquatic carbon/nitrogen cycle and contribute to karst river metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MLR & GZAR, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin, China.,International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin, China
| | - Ruoxue He
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MLR & GZAR, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin, China.,International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin, China.,Chengdu Technological University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ang Song
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MLR & GZAR, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin, China.,International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin, China
| | - Yadan Huang
- Graduate School of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Zhenjiang Jin
- Environmental Science and Engineering College, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
| | - Yueming Liang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MLR & GZAR, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin, China.,International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MLR & GZAR, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin, China.,International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Werner E G Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jianhua Cao
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MLR & GZAR, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin, China.,International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Vadde KK, McCarthy AJ, Rong R, Sekar R. Quantification of Microbial Source Tracking and Pathogenic Bacterial Markers in Water and Sediments of Tiaoxi River (Taihu Watershed). Front Microbiol 2019; 10:699. [PMID: 31105648 PMCID: PMC6492492 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Taihu Lake is one of the largest freshwater lakes in China, serving as an important source of drinking water; >60% of source water to this lake is provided by the Tiaoxi River. This river faces serious fecal contamination issues, and therefore, a comprehensive investigation to identify the sources of fecal contamination was carried out and is presented here. The performance of existing universal (BacUni and GenBac), human (HF183-Taqman, HF183-SYBR, BacHum, and Hum2), swine (Pig-2-Bac), ruminant (BacCow), and avian (AV4143 and GFD) associated microbial source tracking (MST) markers was evaluated prior to their application in this region. The specificity and sensitivity results indicated that BacUni, HF183-TaqMan, Pig-2-Bac, and GFD assays are the most suitable in identifying human and animal fecal contamination. Therefore, these markers along with marker genes specific to selected bacterial pathogens were quantified in water and sediment samples of the Tiaoxi River, collected from 15 locations over three seasons during 2014 and 2015. Total/universal Bacteroidales markers were detected in all water and sediment samples (mean concentration 6.22 log10 gene copies/100 ml and 6.11 log10 gene copies/gram, respectively), however, the detection of host-associated MST markers varied. Human and avian markers were the most frequently detected in water samples (97 and 89%, respectively), whereas in sediment samples, only human-associated markers were detected more often (86%) than swine (64%) and avian (8.8%) markers. The results indicate that several locations in the Tiaoxi River are heavily polluted by fecal contamination and this correlated well with land use patterns. Among the five bacterial pathogens tested, Shigella spp. and Campylobacter jejuni were the most frequently detected pathogens in water (60% and 62%, respectively) and sediment samples (91% and 53%, respectively). Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and pathogenic Leptospira spp. were less frequently detected in water samples (55% and 33%, respectively) and sediment samples (51% and 13%, respectively), whereas E. coli O157:H7 was only detected in sediment samples (11%). Overall, the higher prevalence and concentrations of Campylobacter jejuni, Shigella spp., and STEC, along with the MST marker detection at a number of locations in the Tiaoxi River, indicates poor water quality and a significant human health risk associated with this watercourse. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACTTracking fecal contamination and pathogens in watersheds using molecular methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Kumar Vadde
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Alan J. McCarthy
- Microbiology Research Group, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Rong Rong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Raju Sekar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Devane ML, Moriarty EM, Robson B, Lin S, Wood D, Webster-Brown J, Gilpin BJ. Relationships between chemical and microbial faecal source tracking markers in urban river water and sediments during and post-discharge of human sewage. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 651:1588-1604. [PMID: 30360285 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the relationships between faecal source tracking (FST) markers (quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) markers and steroids), microbial indicators, the faecal ageing ratio of atypical colonies/total coliforms (AC/TC) and potential human pathogens (Giardia, Cryptosporidium and Campylobacter). Faecal source PCR markers tested were GenBac3, HumM3, HumBac (HF183-Bac708R); Bifidobacterium adolescentis, wildfowl and canine-associated markers. Sediment and water samples from the Avon River were collected during and post-discharge of untreated human sewage inputs, following a series of earthquakes, which severely damaged the Christchurch sewerage system. Significant, positive Spearman Ranks (rs) correlations were observed between human-associated qPCR markers and steroid FST markers and Escherichia coli and F-specific RNA bacteriophage (rs 0.57 to 0.84, p < 0.001) in water samples. These human source indicative FST markers demonstrated that they were also effective predictors of potentially pathogenic protozoa in water (rs 0.43-0.74, p ≤ 0.002), but correlated less well with Campylobacter. Human-associated qPCR and steroid markers showed significant, substantial agreement between the two FST methods (Cohen's kappa, 0.78, p = 0.023), suggesting that water managers could be confident in the results using either method under these contamination conditions. Low levels of fluorescent whitening agents (FWA) (mean 0.06 μg/L, range 0.01-0.40 μg/L) were observed in water throughout the study, but steroids and FWA appeared to be retained in river sediments, months after continuous sewage discharges had ceased. No relationship was observed between chemical FST markers in sediments and the overlying water, and few correlations in sediment between chemical FST markers and target microorganisms. The low values observed for the faecal ageing ratio, AC/TC in water, were significantly, negatively correlated with increasing pathogen detection. This study provides support for the use of the AC/TC ratio, and qPCR and steroid FST markers as indicators of health risks associated with the discharge of raw human sewage into a freshwater system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan L Devane
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research Limited, Christchurch Science Centre, PO Box 29-181, Christchurch, New Zealand.
| | - Elaine M Moriarty
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research Limited, Christchurch Science Centre, PO Box 29-181, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Beth Robson
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research Limited, Christchurch Science Centre, PO Box 29-181, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Susan Lin
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research Limited, Christchurch Science Centre, PO Box 29-181, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - David Wood
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research Limited, Christchurch Science Centre, PO Box 29-181, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Jenny Webster-Brown
- Waterways Centre for Freshwater Management, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Brent J Gilpin
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research Limited, Christchurch Science Centre, PO Box 29-181, Christchurch, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cho K, Lee C, Park S, Kim JH, Choi YS, Kim MS, Koo ES, Yoon HJ, Kang JH, Jeong YS, Choi JD, Ko G. Use of coliphages to investigate norovirus contamination in a shellfish growing area in Republic of Korea. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:30044-30055. [PMID: 30076551 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2857-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A number of severe norovirus outbreaks due to the consumption of contaminated shellfish have been reported recently. In this study, we evaluated the distribution of coliphage densities to determine their efficacy as fecal indicators of enteric viruses, including noroviruses, in water samples collected from a shellfish growing area in Republic of Korea over a period of approximately 1 year. Male-specific and somatic coliphages in water samples were analyzed using the single agar layer method, and norovirus genogroups I and II, which infect mainly humans, were analyzed using duplex reverse transcription quantitative PCR. Male-specific and somatic coliphages were detected widely throughout the study area. Several environmental parameters, including salinity, precipitation, temperature, and wind speed were significantly correlated with coliphage concentrations (P < 0.05). Moreover, the concentrations of male-specific coliphages were positively correlated with the presence of human noroviruses (r = 0.443; P < 0.01). The geospatial analysis with coliphage concentrations using a geographic information system revealed that densely populated residential areas were the major source of fecal contamination. Our results indicate that coliphage monitoring in water could be a useful approach to prevent norovirus contamination in shellfish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyuseon Cho
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheonghoon Lee
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - SungJun Park
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- N-Bio, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hwi Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Dongguk University, 1 Pildong-ro, Jung-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Seon Choi
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Man Su Kim
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eung Seo Koo
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Yoon
- Department of Seafood Science and Technology, Gyeongsang National University, 38 Cheondaegukchi-gil, Tongyeong-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Hyon Kang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Dongguk University, 1 Pildong-ro, Jung-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Seok Jeong
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Duck Choi
- Department of Seafood Science and Technology, Gyeongsang National University, 38 Cheondaegukchi-gil, Tongyeong-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - GwangPyo Ko
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- N-Bio, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Center for Human and Environmental Microbiome, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ko HY, Cho K, Park S, Kim JH, Kang JH, Jeong YS, Choi JD, Sin Y, Lee C, Ko G. Host-Specific Bacteroides Markers-Based Microbial Source Tracking in Aquaculture Areas. Microbes Environ 2018; 33:151-161. [PMID: 29863059 PMCID: PMC6031393 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me17166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Various waterborne pathogens originate from human or animal feces and may cause severe gastroenteric outbreaks. Bacteroides spp. that exhibit strong host- or group-specificities are promising markers for identifying fecal sources and their origins. In the present study, 240 water samples were collected from two major aquaculture areas in Republic of Korea over a period of approximately 1 year, and the concentrations and occurrences of four host-specific Bacteroides markers (human, poultry, pig, and ruminant) were evaluated in the study areas. Host-specific Bacteroides markers were detected widely in the study areas, among which the poultry-specific Bacteroides marker was detected at the highest concentration (1.0-1.2 log10 copies L-1). During the sampling period, high concentrations of host-specific Bacteroides markers were detected between September and December 2015. The host-specific Bacteroides marker-combined geospatial map revealed the up-to-downstream gradient of fecal contamination, as well as the effects of land-use patterns on host-specific Bacteroides marker concentrations. In contrast to traditional bacterial indicators, the human-specific Bacteroides marker correlated with human specific pathogens, such as noroviruses (r=0.337; P<0.001). The present results indicate that host-specific Bacteroides genetic markers with an advanced geospatial analysis are useful for tracking fecal sources and associated pathogens in aquaculture areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Young Ko
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University
| | - Kyuseon Cho
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University
| | - SungJun Park
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University.,N-Bio, Seoul National University
| | - Jin Hwi Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Dongguk University
| | - Joo-Hyon Kang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Dongguk University
| | - Yong Seok Jeong
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Kyung Hee University
| | - Jong Duck Choi
- Department of Seafood Science and Technology, Gyeongsang National University
| | - Yongsik Sin
- Department of Environmental Engineering & Biotechnology, Mokpo National Maritime University
| | - Cheonghoon Lee
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University.,Institute of Health and Environment, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University
| | - GwangPyo Ko
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University.,N-Bio, Seoul National University.,Center for Human and Environmental Microbiome, Seoul National University
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Savio D, Stadler P, Reischer GH, Kirschner AK, Demeter K, Linke R, Blaschke AP, Sommer R, Szewzyk U, Wilhartitz IC, Mach RL, Stadler H, Farnleitner AH. Opening the black box of spring water microbiology from alpine karst aquifers to support proactive drinking water resource management. WIRES. WATER 2018; 5:e1282. [PMID: 29780584 PMCID: PMC5947618 DOI: 10.1002/wat2.1282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Over the past 15 years, pioneering interdisciplinary research has been performed on the microbiology of hydrogeologically well-defined alpine karst springs located in the Northern Calcareous Alps (NCA) of Austria. This article gives an overview on these activities and links them to other relevant research. Results from the NCA springs and comparable sites revealed that spring water harbors abundant natural microbial communities even in aquifers with high water residence times and the absence of immediate surface influence. Apparently, hydrogeology has a strong impact on the concentration and size of the observed microbes, and total cell counts (TCC) were suggested as a useful means for spring type classification. Measurement of microbial activities at the NCA springs revealed extremely low microbial growth rates in the base flow component of the studied spring waters and indicated the importance of biofilm-associated microbial activities in sediments and on rock surfaces. Based on genetic analysis, the autochthonous microbial endokarst community (AMEC) versus transient microbial endokarst community (TMEC) concept was proposed for the NCA springs, and further details within this overview article are given to prompt its future evaluation. In this regard, it is well known that during high-discharge situations, surface-associated microbes and nutrients such as from soil habitats or human settlements-potentially containing fecal-associated pathogens as the most critical water-quality hazard-may be rapidly flushed into vulnerable karst aquifers. In this context, a framework for the comprehensive analysis of microbial pollution has been proposed for the NCA springs to support the sustainable management of drinking water safety in accordance with recent World Health Organization guidelines. Near-real-time online water quality monitoring, microbial source tracking (MST) and MST-guided quantitative microbial-risk assessment (QMRA) are examples of the proposed analytical tools. In this context, this overview article also provides a short introduction to recently emerging methodologies in microbiological diagnostics to support reading for the practitioner. Finally, the article highlights future research and development needs. This article is categorized under: 1Engineering Water > Water, Health, and Sanitation2Science of Water > Water Extremes3Water and Life > Nature of Freshwater Ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Savio
- Division Water Quality and HealthDepartment Pharmacology, Physiology and Microbiology, Karl Landsteiner University of Health SciencesKrems a. d. DonauAustria
- Centre for Water Resource SystemsTechnische Universität WienViennaAustria
| | - Philipp Stadler
- Centre for Water Resource SystemsTechnische Universität WienViennaAustria
- Institute for Water Quality, Resource and Waste ManagementTechnische Universität WienViennaAustria
| | - Georg H. Reischer
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental & Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Microbiology and Molecular Diagnostics166/5/3, Technische Universität WienViennaAustria
- Interuniversity Cooperation Centre for Water and Health, www.waterandhealth.at
| | - Alexander K.T. Kirschner
- Interuniversity Cooperation Centre for Water and Health, www.waterandhealth.at
- Unit Water Hygiene, Institute for Hygiene and Applied ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Katalin Demeter
- Centre for Water Resource SystemsTechnische Universität WienViennaAustria
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental & Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Microbiology and Molecular Diagnostics166/5/3, Technische Universität WienViennaAustria
| | - Rita Linke
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental & Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Microbiology and Molecular Diagnostics166/5/3, Technische Universität WienViennaAustria
- Interuniversity Cooperation Centre for Water and Health, www.waterandhealth.at
| | - Alfred P. Blaschke
- Centre for Water Resource SystemsTechnische Universität WienViennaAustria
- Interuniversity Cooperation Centre for Water and Health, www.waterandhealth.at
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources ManagementTechnische Universität WienViennaAustria
| | - Regina Sommer
- Interuniversity Cooperation Centre for Water and Health, www.waterandhealth.at
- Unit Water Hygiene, Institute for Hygiene and Applied ImmunologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Ulrich Szewzyk
- Department of Environmental TechnologyTechnical University of BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Inés C. Wilhartitz
- Department of Environmental MicrobiologyEawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and TechnologyDübendorfSwitzerland
| | - Robert L. Mach
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental & Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Microbiology and Molecular Diagnostics166/5/3, Technische Universität WienViennaAustria
| | - Hermann Stadler
- Department for Water Resources Management and Environmental AnalyticsInstitute for Water, Energy and Sustainability, Joanneum Research, GrazAustria
| | - Andreas H. Farnleitner
- Division Water Quality and HealthDepartment Pharmacology, Physiology and Microbiology, Karl Landsteiner University of Health SciencesKrems a. d. DonauAustria
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental & Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Microbiology and Molecular Diagnostics166/5/3, Technische Universität WienViennaAustria
- Interuniversity Cooperation Centre for Water and Health, www.waterandhealth.at
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Diston D, Robbi R, Baumgartner A, Felleisen R. Microbial source tracking in highly vulnerable karst drinking water resources. JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH 2018; 16:138-149. [PMID: 29424727 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2017.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Water resources situated in areas with underlying karst geology are particularly vulnerable to fecal pollution. In such vulnerable systems, microbial source tracking (MST) methods are useful tools to elucidate the pathways of both animal and human fecal pollution, leading to more accurate water use risk assessments. Here, we describe the application of a MST toolbox using both culture-dependent bacteriophage and molecular-dependent 16S rRNA assays at spring and well sites in the karstic St Imier Valley, Switzerland. Culture-dependent and molecular-dependent marker performance varied significantly, with the 16S rRNA assays displaying greater sensitivity than their phage counterpart; HF183 was the best performing human wastewater-associated marker while Rum2Bac was the best performing ruminant marker. Differences were observed in pollution regimes between the well and spring sampling sites, with the spring water being more degraded than the well site. Our results inform the choice of marker selection for MST studies and highlight differences in microbial water quality between well and spring karst sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Diston
- Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office FSVO, Sector Laboratories, Schwarzenburgstrasse 165, 3003 Bern, Switzerland E-mail:
| | - R Robbi
- Cantonal Laboratory, Bern, Switzerland
| | - A Baumgartner
- Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office FSVO, Sector Laboratories, Schwarzenburgstrasse 165, 3003 Bern, Switzerland E-mail:
| | - R Felleisen
- Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office FSVO, Sector Laboratories, Schwarzenburgstrasse 165, 3003 Bern, Switzerland E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Jardé E, Jeanneau L, Harrault L, Quenot E, Solecki O, Petitjean P, Lozach S, Chevé J, Gourmelon M. Application of a microbial source tracking based on bacterial and chemical markers in headwater and coastal catchments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 610-611:55-63. [PMID: 28802110 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This study identified sources of fecal contamination in three different French headwater and coastal catchments (the Justiçou, Pen an Traon, and La Fresnaye) using a combination of microbial source tracking tools. The tools included bacterial markers (three host-associated Bacteroidales) and chemical markers (six fecal stanols), which were monitored monthly over one or two years in addition to fecal indicator bacteria. 168 of the 240 freshwater and marine water samples had Escherichia coli (E. coli) or enterococci concentrations higher than "excellent" European water quality threshold. In the three catchments, the results suggested that the fecal contamination appeared to be primarily from an animal origin and particularly from a bovine origin in 52% (Rum2Bac) and 46% (Bstanol) of the samples and to a lesser extent from a porcine origin in 19% (Pig2Bac) and 21% (Pstanol) of the samples. Our results suggested a human fecal contamination in 56% (HF183) and 32% (Hstanol) of the samples. Rainfall also impacted the source identification of microbial contamination. In general, these findings could inform effective implementation of microbial source tracking strategies, specifically that the location of sampling points must include variability at the landscape scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Jardé
- Geosciences Rennes CNRS UMR6118, Campus de Beaulieu, Bat. 15, 263 avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes, France.
| | - Laurent Jeanneau
- Geosciences Rennes CNRS UMR6118, Campus de Beaulieu, Bat. 15, 263 avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Loïc Harrault
- Geosciences Rennes CNRS UMR6118, Campus de Beaulieu, Bat. 15, 263 avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Emmanuelle Quenot
- Ifremer, RBE-SG2M-LSEM, Laboratoire Santé Environnement Microbiologie, ZI de la Pointe du Diable, CS 10070, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Olivia Solecki
- IRSTEA, UR OPAALE, 17 avenue de Cucillé, CS 64427, 35044 Rennes, France
| | - Patrice Petitjean
- Geosciences Rennes CNRS UMR6118, Campus de Beaulieu, Bat. 15, 263 avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Solen Lozach
- Ifremer, RBE-SG2M-LSEM, Laboratoire Santé Environnement Microbiologie, ZI de la Pointe du Diable, CS 10070, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Julien Chevé
- Ifremer, Laboratoire Environnement Ressources de Bretagne Nord, 38 rue du Port Blanc, BP 70134, 35801 Dinard, France
| | - Michèle Gourmelon
- Ifremer, RBE-SG2M-LSEM, Laboratoire Santé Environnement Microbiologie, ZI de la Pointe du Diable, CS 10070, 29280 Plouzané, France
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Current Status of Marker Genes of Bacteroides and Related Taxa for Identifying Sewage Pollution in Environmental Waters. WATER 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/w8060231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|