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Barber A, McMains C, LoGiudice JA. Enhancing skin preparation to mitigate Cutibacterium acnes infections in breast augmentation and reconstruction. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2024; 93:279-280. [PMID: 38728900 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2024.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Allisa Barber
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, 1155 N Mayfair Rd. 2nd Floor, South Entry, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Conner McMains
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, 1155 N Mayfair Rd. 2nd Floor, South Entry, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - John A LoGiudice
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, 1155 N Mayfair Rd. 2nd Floor, South Entry, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
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Chudzik A, Bromke MA, Gamian A, Paściak M. Comprehensive lipidomic analysis of the genus Cutibacterium. mSphere 2024; 9:e0005424. [PMID: 38712970 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00054-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Cutibacterium are part of the human skin microbiota and are opportunistic microorganisms that become pathogenic in immunodeficient states. These lipophilic bacteria willingly inhabit areas of the skin where sebaceous glands are abundant; hence, there is a need to thoroughly understand their metabolism. Lipids are no longer considered only structural elements but also serve as signaling molecules and may have antigenic properties. Lipidomics remains a major research challenge, mainly due to the diverse physicochemical properties of lipids. Therefore, this study aimed to perform a large comparative lipidomic analysis of eight representatives of the Cutibacterium genus, including four phylotypes of C. acnes and two strains of C. granulosum, C. avidum, and C. namnetense. Lipidomic analysis was performed by liquid chromatography‒mass spectrometry (LC-MS) in both positive and negative ion modes, allowing the detection of the widest range of metabolites. Fatty acid analysis by gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry (GC-MS) corroborated the lipidomic data. As a result, 128 lipids were identified, among which it was possible to select marker compounds, some of which were characteristic even of individual C. acnes phylotypes. These include phosphatidylcholine PC 30:0, sphingomyelins (SM 33:1, SM 35:1), and phosphatidylglycerol with an alkyl ether substituent PG O-32:0. Moreover, cardiolipins and fatty acid amides were identified in Cutibacterium spp. for the first time. This comparative characterization of the cutibacterial lipidome with the search for specific molecular markers reveals its diagnostic potential for clinical microbiology. IMPORTANCE Cutibacterium (previously Propionibacterium) represents an important part of the human skin microbiota, and its role in clinical microbiology is growing due to opportunistic infections. Lipidomics, apart from protein profiling, has the potential to prove to be a useful tool for defining the cellular fingerprint, allowing for precise differentiation of microorganisms. In this work, we presented a comparative analysis of lipids found in eight strains of the genus Cutibacterium, including a few C. acnes phylotypes. Our results are one of the first large-scale comprehensive studies regarding the bacterial lipidome, which also enabled the selection of C. acnes phylotype-specific lipid markers. The increased role of lipids not only as structural components but also as diagnostic markers or potential antigens has led to new lipid markers that can be used as diagnostic tools for clinical microbiology. We believe that the findings in our paper will appeal to a wide range of researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Chudzik
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz A Bromke
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Gamian
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Mariola Paściak
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
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Sindi AS, Stinson LF, Gridneva Z, Leghi GE, Netting MJ, Wlodek ME, Muhlhausler BS, Rea A, Trevenen ML, Geddes DT, Payne MS. Maternal dietary intervention during lactation impacts the maternal faecal and human milk microbiota. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxae024. [PMID: 38323424 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To determine the effect of a two-week reduced fat and sugar and increased fibre maternal dietary intervention on the maternal faecal and human milk (HM) microbiomes. METHODS AND RESULTS Faecal swabs and HM samples were collected from mothers (n = 11) immediately pre-intervention, immediately post-intervention, and 4 and 8 weeks post-intervention, and were analysed using full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Maternal macronutrient intake was assessed at baseline and during the intervention. Maternal fat and sugar intake during the intervention were significantly lower than pre-intervention (P = <0.001, 0.005, respectively). Significant changes in the bacterial composition of maternal faeces were detected after the dietary intervention, with decreases in the relative abundance of Bacteroides caccae (P = <0.001) and increases in the relative abundance of Faecalibacillus intestinalis (P = 0.006). In HM, the diet resulted in a significant increase in Cutibacterium acnes (P = 0.001) and a decrease in Haemophilus parainfluenzae (P = <0.001). The effect of the diet continued after the intervention, with faecal swabs and HM samples taken 4 and 8 weeks after the diet showing significant differences compared to baseline. CONCLUSION This pilot study demonstrates that short-term changes in maternal diet during lactation can alter the bacterial composition of the maternal faeces and HM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azhar S Sindi
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA 6008, Australia
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lisa F Stinson
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Zoya Gridneva
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Gabriela E Leghi
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Merryn J Netting
- Women and Kids Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), North Terrace, SA 5000, Australia
- Discipline of Paediatrics, The University of Adelaide, North Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia
- Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia
| | - Mary E Wlodek
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Beverly S Muhlhausler
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
- CSIRO, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Alethea Rea
- Centre for Applied Statistics, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Mathematics and Statistics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Michelle L Trevenen
- Centre for Applied Statistics, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Donna T Geddes
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Matthew S Payne
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA 6008, Australia
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Saikh SR, Mushtaque MA, Pramanick A, Prasad JK, Roy D, Saha S, Das SK. Fog caused distinct diversity of airborne bacterial communities enriched with pathogens over central Indo-Gangetic plain in India. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26370. [PMID: 38420377 PMCID: PMC10901028 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Fog causes enhancement of bacterial loading in the atmosphere. Current study represents the impact of occurrences of fog on the alteration of diversity of airborne bacteria and their network computed from metagenomic data of airborne samples collected at Arthauli (25.95°N, 85.10°E) situated at central Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) during 1-14 January 2021. A distinct bacterial diversity with a complex network is identified in foggy condition due to the enrichment of unique types of bacteria. Present investigation highlights a statistically significant enrichment of airborne pathogenic bacteria found in a unique ecosystem within air evolved due to the occurrences of fog over central IGP. In the foggy network, Cutibacterium, an opportunistic pathogen, is identified to be interacting maximum (21 edges) with other bacteria with statistically significant copresence relation, which are responsible for various infections for human beings. A 40-60% increase (p < 0.01) in the abundance of pathogenic bacteria for respiratory and skin diseases is noticed in fog period. Among the fog-enriched bacteria, Cutibacterium, Herbaspirillum, Paenibacillus, and Tsukamurella are examples of opportunistic bacteria causing various respiratory diseases, while Paenibacillus can even cause skin cancer and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahina Raushan Saikh
- Department of Physical Sciences, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
- Department of Life Science & Bio-technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | | | | | | | - Dibakar Roy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Sudipto Saha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Sanat Kumar Das
- Department of Physical Sciences, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
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5
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Erbežnik A, Celar Šturm A, Strašek Smrdel K, Triglav T, Maver Vodičar P. Comparative Genomic Analysis of Cutibacterium spp. Isolates in Implant-Associated Infections. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2971. [PMID: 38138116 PMCID: PMC10745319 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria of the genus Cutibacterium are Gram-positive commensals and opportunistic pathogens that represent a major challenge in the diagnosis and treatment of implant-associated infections (IAIs). This study provides insight into the distribution of different sequence types (STs) of C. acnes, and the presence of virulence factors (VFs) in 64 Cutibacterium spp. isolates from suspected or confirmed IAIs obtained during routine microbiological diagnostics. Fifty-three C. acnes, six C. avidum, four C. granulosum, and one C. namnetense isolate, collected from different anatomical sites, were included in our study. Using whole-genome sequencing and a single-locus sequencing typing scheme, we successfully characterized all C. acnes strains and revealed the substantial diversity of STs, with the discovery of six previously unidentified STs. Phylotype IA1, previously associated with both healthy skin microbiome and infections, was the most prevalent, with ST A1 being the most common. Some minor differences in STs' distribution were observed in correlation with anatomical location and association with infection. A genomic analysis of 40 investigated VFs among 64 selected strains showed no significant differences between different STs, anatomical sites, or infection-related and infection undetermined/unlikely groups of strains. Most differences in VF distribution were found between strains of different Cutibacterium spp., subspecies, and phylotypes, with CAMP factors, biofilm-related VFs, lipases, and heat shock proteins identified in all analyzed Cutibacterium spp.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Polona Maver Vodičar
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.E.); (A.C.Š.); (K.S.S.); (T.T.)
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Yun JU, Jung HS, Jung MJ, Song HS, Kim YB, Kim Y, Kim JG, Roh SW, Lee SH, Lee JS, Whon TW. Cutibacterium equinum sp. nov., isolated from horse faeces. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73. [PMID: 37910171 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Strain CBA3108T is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, obligately anaerobic bacterium isolated from horse faecal samples obtained in Jeju Island, Republic of Korea. The cells of CBA3108T are non-motile short rods that have been assessed as catalase-positive and oxidase-negative. Growth of the strain occurs under the following conditions: 25-45 °C (optimum, 35 °C); pH 6-9 (optimum, pH 6); and in the presence of 0-6 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 2%). Major fatty acids in the strain include C15 : 0 iso and C15 : 0 iso DMA, while major polar lipids include phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine. Based on phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain CBA3108T forms a phyletic lineage distinct from other closely related species within the genus Cutibacterium. It was found to be most closely related to Cutibacterium avidum ATCC 25577T (98.27 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and other strains within the genus (≤98.0 %). The genomic DNA G+C content of strain CBA3108T was 63.2 mol%. The in silico DNA-DNA hybridization values of strain CBA3108T with C. avidum ATCC 25577T, C. porci WCA-380-WT-3AT and C. acnes subsp. acnes DSM 1897T were 33.6, 21.7 and 22.7 %, respectively. Its phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular properties support the hypothesis that strain CBA3108T represents a novel species in the genus Cutibacterium, for which we propose the name Cutibacterium equinum sp. nov. The type strain is CBA3108T (=KACC 22889T=JCM 35966T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Ui Yun
- Kimchi Functionality Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, 61755, Republic of Korea
- Department of Life Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Su Jung
- Kimchi Functionality Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, 61755, Republic of Korea
- Biobank, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ja Jung
- Kimchi Functionality Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, 61755, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Seon Song
- Kimchi Functionality Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, 61755, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Bee Kim
- Kimchi Functionality Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, 61755, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Kim
- Kimchi Functionality Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, 61755, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Gyu Kim
- Department of Equine Science, Cheju Halla University, Jeju, 63092, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Woon Roh
- Microbiome Research Team, LISCure Biosciences Inc., Seongnam 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hee Lee
- Kimchi Functionality Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, 61755, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Sik Lee
- Department of Life Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Woong Whon
- Kimchi Functionality Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, 61755, Republic of Korea
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Toyoshima H, Tanigawa M, Nakamura K, Ishiguro C, Tanaka H, Nakanishi Y, Sakabe S. First case of Cutibacterium avidum-infected pelvic lymphocele post-lymphadenectomy for endometrial cancer: A case report. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21396. [PMID: 37920529 PMCID: PMC10618815 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pelvic lymphocele (lymphocyst) infection after lymphadenectomy is a rare complication that can cause the spread of inflammation to neighboring organs whose microbiology is not well known. Cutibacterium avidum causes various infections. However, no case reports of C. avidum pelvic lymphocele infection are available; therefore, its clinical characteristics in pelvic lymphocele infections remain unknown. Case presentation A 38-year-old woman with obesity (body mass index: 38.1 kg/m2) and a history of pelvic lymphadenectomy and chemotherapy for endometrial cancer presented with worsening left lower quadrant (LLQ) pain with fever. Physical examination revealed decreased abdominal bowel sounds and tenderness on LLQ palpation with no signs of peritonitis. Computed tomography (CT) revealed an infected left pelvic lymphocele with inflammation spreading to the adjacent sigmoid colon. Following blood culture, ampicillin/sulbactam (2 g/1 g every 6 h) was administered intravenously. Anaerobic culture bottles revealed gram-positive rods on day 4 of incubation at 37 °C. No other disseminated foci were observed in enhanced whole-body CT and upon transthoracic echocardiography. The isolates grew aerobically and anaerobically on blood agar plates with strong hemolysis. The bacterium was identified as C. avidum using a combination of characteristic peak analysis with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The patient was diagnosed with C. avidum pelvic lymphocele infection. Based on penicillin susceptibility, the patient was successfully treated with intravenous ampicillin/sulbactam and de-escalated with intravenous ampicillin (2 g every 6 h) for 10 days, followed by oral amoxicillin (2000 mg/day) for an additional 11 days without drainage. Conclusions C. avidum should be considered a causative microorganism of pelvic lymphocele infection. Peak analysis using MALDI and distinctive growth on blood agar plates are suitable for identifying C. avidum. Mild pelvic lymphocele caused by C. avidum can be treated with a short course of appropriate antimicrobial treatment without surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Toyoshima
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Red Cross Ise Hospital, 1-471-2, Funae, Ise, Mie, 516-8512, Japan
- Infection Prevention and Control Office, Japanese Red Cross Ise Hospital, Ise, 516-8512, Japan
| | - Motoaki Tanigawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Ise Hospital, 1-471-2, Funae, Ise, Mie, 516-8512, Japan
| | - Kanako Nakamura
- Department of Medical Technology, Japanese Red Cross Ise Hospital, 1-471-2, Funae, Ise, Mie, 516-8512, Japan
| | - Chiaki Ishiguro
- Infection Prevention and Control Office, Japanese Red Cross Ise Hospital, Ise, 516-8512, Japan
- Department of Medical Technology, Japanese Red Cross Ise Hospital, 1-471-2, Funae, Ise, Mie, 516-8512, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Red Cross Ise Hospital, 1-471-2, Funae, Ise, Mie, 516-8512, Japan
| | - Yuki Nakanishi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Red Cross Ise Hospital, 1-471-2, Funae, Ise, Mie, 516-8512, Japan
| | - Shigetoshi Sakabe
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Red Cross Ise Hospital, 1-471-2, Funae, Ise, Mie, 516-8512, Japan
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Kim HJ, Lee MS, Jeong SK, Lee SJ. Transcriptomic analysis of the antimicrobial activity of prodigiosin against Cutibacterium acnes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17412. [PMID: 37833344 PMCID: PMC10576067 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44612-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Prodigiosin, a red pigment produced by Hahella chejuensis, a marine-derived microorganism, has several biological functions, including antimicrobial activity and inflammatory relief. In this study, the antibacterial activity of prodigiosin against skin microorganisms was explored. Paper disc assay on skin bacterial cells revealed that Cutibacterium acnes related to acne vulgaris highly susceptible to prodigiosin. MIC (Minimal Inhibitory Concentration) and MBC (Minimal Bactericidal Concentration) were determined on Cutibacterium species. The RNA-seq analysis of prodigiosin-treated C. acnes cells was performed to understand the antibacterial mechanism of prodigiosin. Among changes in the expression of hundreds of genes, the expression of a stress-responsive sigma factor encoded by sigB increased. Conversely, the gene expression of cell wall biosynthesis and energy metabolism was inhibited by prodigiosin. Specifically, the expression of genes related to the metabolism of porphyrin, a pro-inflammatory metabolite, was significantly reduced. Therefore, prodigiosin could be used to control C. acnes. Our study provided new insights into the antimicrobial mechanism of prodigiosin against C. acnes strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ju Kim
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, and Institute of Microbiomics, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo-Seung Lee
- Environmental Diseases Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomolecular Science, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Kyoo Jeong
- Research Division, Incospharm Corp., Daejeon, 34036, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jun Lee
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, and Institute of Microbiomics, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, 17546, Republic of Korea.
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Cunningham SA, Rodriguez C, Woerther PL, Menigaux C, Bauer T, Herrmann JL, Rottman M, Roux AL, Gaillard JL, Patel R, El Sayed F. In Vivo Emergence of Dual Resistance to Rifampin and Levofloxacin in Osteoarticular Cutibacterium avidum. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0368722. [PMID: 37289061 PMCID: PMC10434181 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03687-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutibacterium avidum is an emerging causative agent of orthopedic device-related infections (ODRIs). There are no guidelines for the antimicrobial treatment of C. avidum ODRI, but oral rifampin is frequently used in combination with a fluoroquinolone following intravenous antibiotics. We describe the in vivo emergence of combined resistance to rifampin and levofloxacin in a C. avidum strain isolated from a patient with early-onset ODRI treated with debridement, antibiotic treatment, and implant retention (DAIR) using rifampin combined with levofloxacin as the oral treatment. Whole-genome sequencing of C. avidum isolates before and after antibiotic exposure confirmed strain identity and identified new mutations in rpoB and gyrA, leading to amino acid substitutions previously reported to be associated with resistance to rifampin (S446P) and fluoroquinolones (S101L), respectively, in other microbial agents, in the posttherapy isolate. Aside from the molecular insights reported here, this study highlights potential limitations of the combination of oral rifampin and levofloxacin in patients undergoing a DAIR procedure for C. avidum ODRI and the potential need to evaluate specific optimal therapy for emerging ODRI pathogens. IMPORTANCE In this study, we report for the first time the in vivo emergence of dual resistance to levofloxacin and rifampin in C. avidum isolated from a patient who received both antibiotics orally in the setting of a salvage debridement and implant retention of an ODRI. Aside from the molecular insights reported here, this study highlights potential limitations of the combination of oral rifampin and levofloxacin in patients undergoing these surgical procedures and the potential need to evaluate specific optimal therapy for emerging ODRI pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A. Cunningham
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Christophe Rodriguez
- NGS Platform, IMRB, CHU Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Inserm U955, Créteil, France
| | - Paul-Louis Woerther
- NGS Platform, IMRB, CHU Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Inserm U955, Créteil, France
| | - Christophe Menigaux
- APHP, GHU Paris Saclay, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Orthopedic Surgery Department, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Thomas Bauer
- APHP, GHU Paris Saclay, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Orthopedic Surgery Department, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Jean-Louis Herrmann
- APHP, GHU Paris Saclay, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Microbiology Department, Garches, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Infection et Inflammation, Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Martin Rottman
- APHP, GHU Paris Saclay, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Microbiology Department, Garches, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Infection et Inflammation, Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Anne-Laure Roux
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Infection et Inflammation, Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, France
- APHP, GHU Paris Saclay, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Microbiology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Jean-Louis Gaillard
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Infection et Inflammation, Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, France
- APHP, GHU Paris Saclay, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Microbiology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Robin Patel
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases and Occupational Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Faten El Sayed
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Infection et Inflammation, Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, France
- APHP, GHU Paris Saclay, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Microbiology Department, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
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Kosikowska U, Dłuski DF, Pietras-Ożga D, Leszczyńska-Gorzelak B, Andrzejczuk S. Prevalence of Culturable Bacteria and Yeasts in the Nasopharynx Microbiota during the Physiological Course of Pregnancy. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4447. [PMID: 37445482 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare the prevalence of the nasopharyngeal carriage of culturable microorganisms in the microbiota of asymptomatic women with a physiological pregnancy (PW) and nonpregnant women (NPW). Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 53 PW and 30 NPW to detect bacterial and fungal colonization. Isolates were identified using the culture method and the MALDI-TOF MS technique. The nasopharyngeal microbiota (NPM) partially differed between PW and NPW. These differences in the frequency of nasopharyngeal colonization between the PW and NPW groups were not statistically significant (p > 0.05); all cases were colonized by bacteria and only two cases in the PW group were colonized by yeasts, namely, Rhodotorula spp. High levels of staphylococcal colonization, including predominantly coagulase-negative staphylococci and S. aureus in the nasopharyngeal sample, were present in both groups. The reduced number of Gram-negative rods colonized in the cases studied was seen in samples from the NPW group, particularly with Enterobacterales, and anaerobic Cutibacterium spp. were isolated only in the PW group (p < 0.05). Moreover, a higher carriage rate of Enterobacter aerogenes colonization was statistically significant (p < 0.05) and correlated with the NPW group. Pregnancy may disturb the composition of the NPM represented by commensals and opportunistic bacteria and promote yeast colonization as compared to nonpregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Kosikowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Dorota Pietras-Ożga
- Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Sylwia Andrzejczuk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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Cochrane N, Kim B, Kelly P, Seidelman J, Seyler T, Klifto C, Jiranek W. Cutibacterium positive cultures in total joint arthroplasty: a comparison of the hip, knee, and shoulder. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2023:10.1007/s00264-023-05804-y. [PMID: 37059870 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-023-05804-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cutibacterium spp. (formerly Propionibacterium) is a slow growing, Gram-positive, anaerobic bacteria and is an emerging clinical entity in prosthetic joint infection (PJI). This study compares the presentation, surgical management, and post-operative antibiotic therapy of patients with positive intraoperative cultures during revision total joint arthroplasty (TJA) of the hip, knee, and shoulder. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of patients from 2014 to 2020 of 57 revision TJAs (27 total hip arthroplasty (THA), 17 total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA), and 13 total knee arthroplasty (TKA)) with intraoperative cultures positive for Cutibacterium at a tertiary academic centre. Patient demographics, pre-operative labs, radiographs, and aspirate results were collected. Intraoperative data was reviewed. Post-operative antibiotic therapy and repeat infections were recorded. Data was compared with univariate analyses. RESULTS There was no significant difference in pre-operative lab values between the cohorts. All cohorts had > 58% radiographic lucency. Revision TSA patients had significantly fewer pre-operative aspirates. Six patients undergoing revision THA, three TKA and one TSA had a repeat infection requiring further surgery. Four in the THA cohort and one in the TKA cohort with repeat infections did not receive prolonged antibiotic therapy. CONCLUSION Cutibacterium is an infectious agent that can present in an indolent fashion after TJA. It commonly causes progressive radiographic lucency. The workup and post-operative management differs in the hip, knee, and shoulder, which is likely due to existing literature guiding physician practice. In all joints, Cutibacterium is a virulent pathogen that can cause repeat infections requiring surgical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niall Cochrane
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Billy Kim
- School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Patrick Kelly
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Jessica Seidelman
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Thorsten Seyler
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Christopher Klifto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - William Jiranek
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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Lim SJ, Jithpratuck W, Wasylik K, Sriaroon P, Dishaw LJ. Associations of Microbial Diversity with Age and Other Clinical Variables among Pediatric Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) Patients. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020422. [PMID: 36838387 PMCID: PMC9965780 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogenous disease that causes persistent paranasal sinus inflammation in children. Microorganisms are thought to contribute to the etiology and progression of CRS. Culture-independent microbiome analysis offers deeper insights into sinonasal microbial diversity and microbe-disease associations than culture-based methods. To date, CRS-related microbiome studies have mostly focused on the adult population, and only one study has characterized the pediatric CRS microbiome. In this study, we analyzed the bacterial diversity of adenoid tissue, adenoid swab, maxillary sinus, and sinus wash samples from 45 pediatric CRS patients recruited from the Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital (JHACH) in St. Petersburg, FL, USA. The alpha diversity in these samples was associated with baseline nasal steroid use, leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA) use, and total serum immunoglobulin (Ig) E (IgE) level. Streptococcus, Moraxella, and Haemophilus spp. were most frequently identified from sinus cultures and the sequenced 16S rRNA gene content. Comparative analyses combining our samples with the samples from the previous microbiome study revealed differentially abundant genera between patients with pediatric CRS and healthy controls, including Cutibacterium and Moraxella. Additionally, the abundances of Streptobacillus and Staphylococcus were consistently correlated with age in both adenoid- and sinus-derived samples. Our study uncovers new associations of alpha diversity with clinical parameters, as well as associations of specific genera with disease status and age, that can be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Jean Lim
- Department of Pediatrics, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Warit Jithpratuck
- Department of Pediatrics, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Kathleen Wasylik
- Pediatric Ear, Nose & Throat Specialists, Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA
| | - Panida Sriaroon
- Department of Pediatrics, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
- USF Pediatric Allergy/Immunology Clinic, Food Allergy Clinic, Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA
| | - Larry J. Dishaw
- Department of Pediatrics, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-727-553-3601
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Koizumi J, Nakase K, Hayashi N, Nasu Y, Hirai Y, Nakaminami H. Prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant Cutibacterium isolates and development of multiplex PCR method for Cutibacterium species identification. J Infect Chemother 2023; 29:198-204. [PMID: 36336238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2022.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cutibacterium species such as C. acnes, C. avidum, and C. granulosum are known anaerobic skin inhabitants and often cause surgical site infections. These species are genetically similar and are difficult to identify rapidly. In addition, their pathogenicity and antimicrobial resistance remain unknown. In this study, antimicrobial resistance in Cutibacterium isolates was studied and a multiplex PCR method for their identification was developed. METHODS A total of 497 C. acnes, 71 C. avidum, and 25 C. granulosum strains which were isolated from the acne pustule and infectious regions, were used. RESULTS The antimicrobial resistance rates of C. acnes, C. avidum, and C. granulosum strains isolated from patients with acne vulgaris were higher than those of strains isolated from patients with infectious diseases. In particular, macrolide-clindamycin-resistant strains were isolated most frequently from all species. Among the resistant strains, strains with 23S rRNA mutations were the most common in C. acnes (24.3%, 71/292), whereas C. avidum and C. granulosum strains were most frequently found with erm(X). For the first time, a C. granulosum strain carrying pTZC1, which codes erm(50) and tet(W), was isolated from patients with acne vulgaris. Regarding the rapid identification of causative pathogens from infectious regions, three Cutibacterium species were identified with 100% sensitivity and specificity using multiplex PCR method. CONCLUSIONS Our data showed that antimicrobial resistance differed among Cutibacterium species. The multiplex PCR method may contribute to the rapid detection of Cutibacterium species and selection of appropriate antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juri Koizumi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Keisuke Nakase
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan.
| | - Nobukazu Hayashi
- Department of Dermatology, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 toranomon, minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8470, Japan
| | - Yutaka Nasu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, 1163 Tatemachi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 193-0944, Japan
| | - Yuji Hirai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, 1163 Tatemachi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 193-0944, Japan
| | - Hidemasa Nakaminami
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
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Téllez Corral MA, Herrera Daza E, Cuervo Jimenez HK, Bravo Becerra MDM, Villamil JC, Hidalgo Martinez P, Roa Molina NS, Otero L, Cortés ME, Parra Giraldo CM. Cryptic Oral Microbiota: What Is Its Role as Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Related Periodontal Pathogens? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1740. [PMID: 36767109 PMCID: PMC9913967 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis has been commonly linked to periodontopathogens categorized in Socransky's microbial complexes; however, there is a lack of knowledge regarding "other microorganisms" or "cryptic microorganisms", which are rarely thought of as significant oral pathogens and have been neither previously categorized nor connected to illnesses in the oral cavity. This study hypothesized that these cryptic microorganisms could contribute to the modulation of oral microbiota present in health or disease (periodontitis and/or obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients). For this purpose, the presence and correlation among these cultivable cryptic oral microorganisms were identified, and their possible role in both conditions was determined. Data from oral samples of individuals with or without periodontitis and with or without OSA were obtained from a previous study. Demographic data, clinical oral characteristics, and genera and species of cultivable cryptic oral microorganisms identified by MALDI-TOF were recorded. The data from 75 participants were analyzed to determine the relative frequencies of cultivable cryptic microorganisms' genera and species, and microbial clusters and correlations tests were performed. According to periodontal condition, dental-biofilm-induced gingivitis in reduced periodontium and stage III periodontitis were found to have the highest diversity of cryptic microorganism species. Based on the experimental condition, these findings showed that there are genera related to disease conditions and others related to healthy conditions, with species that could be related to different chronic diseases being highlighted as periodontitis and OSA comorbidities. The cryptic microorganisms within the oral microbiota of patients with periodontitis and OSA are present as potential pathogens, promoting the development of dysbiotic microbiota and the occurrence of chronic diseases, which have been previously proposed to be common risk factors for periodontitis and OSA. Understanding the function of possible pathogens in the oral microbiota will require more research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra A. Téllez Corral
- Centro de Investigaciones Odontológicas, Facultad de Odontología, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C. 110231, Colombia
- Unidad de Investigación en Proteómica y Micosis Humanas, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C. 110231, Colombia
- Faculty of Dentistry and Innovation Technology Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Eddy Herrera Daza
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C. 110231, Colombia
| | - Hayde K. Cuervo Jimenez
- Unidad de Investigación en Proteómica y Micosis Humanas, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C. 110231, Colombia
| | - María del Mar Bravo Becerra
- Unidad de Investigación en Proteómica y Micosis Humanas, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C. 110231, Colombia
| | - Jean Carlos Villamil
- Centro de Investigaciones Odontológicas, Facultad de Odontología, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C. 110231, Colombia
| | - Patricia Hidalgo Martinez
- Sleep Clinic, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio and Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C. 110231, Colombia
| | - Nelly S. Roa Molina
- Centro de Investigaciones Odontológicas, Facultad de Odontología, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C. 110231, Colombia
| | - Liliana Otero
- Centro de Investigaciones Odontológicas, Facultad de Odontología, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C. 110231, Colombia
| | - María E. Cortés
- Faculty of Dentistry and Innovation Technology Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Claudia M. Parra Giraldo
- Unidad de Investigación en Proteómica y Micosis Humanas, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C. 110231, Colombia
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasilogía, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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15
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Green N, Jordan RW, Maclean S, D'Alessandro P, MacDonald PB, Malik SS. Preoperative topical benzoyl peroxide treatment is effective in reducing Cutibacterium acnes in shoulder surgery: a systematic review. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2023; 32:213-222. [PMID: 36067940 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2022.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutibacterium acnes (C acnes) colonization can have a significant impact on patients undergoing both arthroscopic and open shoulder surgery with regard to postoperative infection. Its resistance to standard preoperative skin preparations and prophylactic antibiotics has led to a need for a more targeted therapy. Topical benzoyl peroxide (BPO) has been used by dermatologists in the treatment for acnes due to its bactericidal and penetrative effects through the dermal layer. The aim of this systematic review is to review the effectiveness of topical BPO preoperatively in shoulder surgery in reducing C acnes colonization and postoperative infection. METHODS A review of the online databases Medline and Embase was conducted on December 15, 2021, according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The review was registered prospectively in the PROSPERO database. Clinical studies reporting superficial and deep sample microbiology and postoperative complications were included. The studies were appraised using the revised Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 (ROB 2) tool for randomized studies and the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS) tool. RESULTS The search strategy identified 10 studies for inclusion (6 randomized control trials, 2 prospective cohort studies, and 2 case series), including a total of 482 patients. Seven studies were comparable, testing BPO against alternative standard skin preparations. Of the 10 studies, 7 showed a decrease in the load of C acnes on the skin and/or deep tissues, of which 6 demonstrated statistical significance. Men were shown to have a statistically significant increase in the colonization rate of C acnes. Scheer et al (2021) demonstrated 4500 colony-forming units/mL in males and 900 colony-forming units/mL in females. In studies where the number of BPO applications was higher, BPO appeared more effective. Dizay et al demonstrated C acnes elimination in 78.9% with more than 1 application compared with 66.7% if only applied once. Three studies looked at the effectiveness of BPO during the operative timeline with 1 demonstrating its statistically significant effectiveness at reducing colonization 2 hours into the operation (P = .048). CONCLUSION BPO is effective as a topical treatment at reducing C acnes colonization before shoulder surgery. However, the relationship between duration of treatment, frequency of application, and gender requires further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Green
- Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Worcester, UK.
| | - Robert W Jordan
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Peter D'Alessandro
- Orthopaedic Research Foundation of Western Australia, Claremont, WA, Australia
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16
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Chen K, Ponnusamy L, Mouhamadou CS, Fodjo BK, Sadia GC, Affoue FPK, Deguenon JM, Roe RM. Internal and external microbiota of home-caught Anopheles coluzzii (Diptera: Culicidae) from Côte d'Ivoire, Africa: Mosquitoes are filthy. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278912. [PMID: 36520830 PMCID: PMC9754230 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past 10 years, studies using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing have shown that mosquitoes harbor diverse bacterial communities in their digestive system. However, no previous research has examined the total bacteria community inside versus outside of mosquitoes and whether bacteria found on the outside could represent a potential health threat through mechanical transfer. We examined the bacterial community of the external surface and internal body of female Anopheles coluzzii adults collected from homes in Côte d'Ivoire, Africa, by Illumina sequencing of the V3 to V4 region of 16S rRNA gene. Anopheles coluzzii is in the Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (s.l.) species complex and important in the transmission of malaria. The total 16S rRNA reads were assigned to 34 phyla, 73 orders, 325 families, and 700 genera. At the genus level, the most abundant genera inside and outside combined were Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Enterobacter, Corynebacterium, Kocuria, Providencia, and Sphingomonas. Mosquitoes had a greater diversity of bacterial taxa internally compared to the outside. The internal bacterial communities were similar between homes, while the external body samples were significantly different between homes. The bacteria on the external body were associated with plants, human and animal skin, and human and animal infections. Internally, Rickettsia bellii and Rickettsia typhi were found, potentially of importance, since this genus is associated with human diseases. Based on these findings, further research is warranted to assess the potential mechanical transmission of bacteria by mosquitoes moving into homes and the importance of the internal mosquito microbiota in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiying Chen
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Loganathan Ponnusamy
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
- * E-mail: (LP); (RMR)
| | - Chouaïbou S. Mouhamadou
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
| | - Behi Kouadio Fodjo
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques, Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire, Africa
| | | | | | - Jean M. Deguenon
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
| | - R. Michael Roe
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
- * E-mail: (LP); (RMR)
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Acne conglobata caused by Cutibacterium avidum. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2022; 39:1183-1185. [PMID: 36686016 PMCID: PMC9837595 DOI: 10.5114/ada.2022.122612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Panther EJ, Hao KA, Wright JO, Schoch JJ, Ritter AS, King JJ, Wright TW, Schoch BS. Techniques for Decreasing Bacterial Load for Open Shoulder Surgery. JBJS Rev 2022; 10:01874474-202211000-00007. [PMID: 36821410 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.rvw.22.00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
» Benzoyl peroxide (BPO) 5% has been shown to reduce Cutibacterium acnes load on the skin. BPO 5% with miconazole nitrate (MN) 2% may be beneficial, whereas BPO 5% with clindamycin cream 1% to 1.2% does not seem to have additive effects when compared with BPO 5% alone. Chlorhexidine gluconate solutions reduce the total bacterial load on the skin, but do not seem to have a significant effect on C. acnes. » ChloraPrep seems to be the best surgical skin preparation to decrease overall positive skin cultures. Preincisional hydrogen peroxide 3% application has been shown to be a cost-effective practice to inhibit growth of C. acnes. Vancomycin powder before deltopectoral interval closure has antimicrobial effects against C. acnes and is a cost-effective practice. Finally, Bactisure surgical lavage is protective against the formation of biofilms. » IV cefazolin has been shown to be more effective for shoulder arthroplasty infection prophylaxis than antibiotic alternatives such as vancomycin. Thus, patients with a questionable history of penicillin allergy should undergo additional testing. » For shoulder surgery infection prophylaxis, we recommend the use of BPO 5% cream for 5 days preoperatively with chlorhexidine wipes the night before and the morning of surgery. IV cefazolin should be administered perioperatively, and patients with a questionable history of penicillin allergy should be tested. Surgeons should consider preincisional application of hydrogen peroxide 3% for 5 minutes, followed by standard ChloraPrep preparation. Normal saline should be used for preclosure lavage. Finally, application of vancomycin powder deep to the deltopectoral interval closure should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Panther
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Kevin A Hao
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Jonathan O Wright
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Jennifer J Schoch
- Department of Dermatology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Alaina S Ritter
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Joseph J King
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Thomas W Wright
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Bradley S Schoch
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
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Parisio EM, Camarlinghi G, Antonelli A, Coppi M, Mosconi L, Rossolini GM. Epidemiology and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of obligate anaerobes in a hospital of central Italy during a one-year (2019) survey. Anaerobe 2022; 78:102666. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2022.102666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Cochrane NH, Kim BI, Wu M, O'Donnell JA, Seidelman JL, Jiranek WA. Cutibacterium Positive Cultures in Total Hip Arthroplasty: Contaminant or Pathogen? J Arthroplasty 2022; 37:S642-S646. [PMID: 35660199 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2022.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutibacterium spp. is an emerging pathogen in total hip arthroplasty (THA) that is not well evaluated in the literature. This study reported on the presentation and management of THA complicated by positive intraoperative Cutibacterium cultures. METHODS This is a retrospective review of 27 revision THAs with positive monomicrobial intraoperative Cutibacterium cultures from 2014 to 2020 at one academic center. These patients were divided into two cohorts based on meeting Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) criteria for prosthetic joint infections (PJI). Patient demographics, preoperative labs, and hip aspirate results were collected. Procedure performed, postoperative antibiotic regimens, and repeat infections were recorded. Data were compared with univariate analysis. RESULTS Nine of the 27 patients preoperatively met MSIS criteria for PJI. Patients with positive MSIS criteria had significantly higher median synovial cell count (P = .048) and neutrophil percentage in a preoperative aspirate (P = .050). Eight patients with positive MSIS criteria received six weeks of postoperative antibiotics compared to two patients with negative criteria. Two patients with positive MSIS criteria had a postoperative infection that required further surgical intervention. Four patients with negative criteria who required further surgical intervention did not receive postoperative antibiotics after initial revision. CONCLUSION While often categorized as a contaminant, Cutibacterium is an increasingly recognized pathogen in THA. Cutibacterium can often present with normal serology, which may result in misdiagnosis as aseptic THA failure. Without the administration of postoperative antibiotics after positive cultures, there is a risk for persistent infection requiring further surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niall H Cochrane
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Billy I Kim
- School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Mark Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Jeffrey A O'Donnell
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Jessica L Seidelman
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - William A Jiranek
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
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Fast and Sensitive Multiplex Real-Time Quantitative PCR to Detect Cutibacterium Periprosthetic Joint Infections. J Mol Diagn 2022; 24:666-673. [PMID: 35364323 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Diagnosis of Cutibacterium periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) is challenging due to a long cultivation time of up to 14 days. Faster culture-independent diagnosis would improve patient care with early and accurate treatment. Specific primers and probes were designed for Cutibacterium acnes, Cutibacterium avidum, and Cutibacterium granulosum and evaluated in a multiplex TaqMan real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) format on 57 skin swabs and 20 culture-negative cerebrospinal fluid samples. The multiplex qPCR was tested in a PJI cohort of 41 sonication fluid samples from removed implants infected with different pathogens. All five culture-positive Cutibacterium PJIs were detected with the corresponding Cutibacterium-specific probe (100% positive percent agreement). The multiplex qPCR additionally detected C. avidum in two PJI sonication fluid samples that were diagnosed as Staphylococcus species infections according to culture (95% negative percent agreement). The new multiplex qPCR can provide a Cutibacterium PJI diagnosis within 1 day, allowing early and accurate antibiotic treatment. A prospective diagnostic trial in PJI with a high number of Cutibacterium species infections (shoulder PJI) is needed for further evaluation.
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22
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True infection or contamination in patients with positive Cutibacterium blood cultures-a retrospective cohort study. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2022; 41:1029-1037. [PMID: 35612767 PMCID: PMC9250478 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-022-04458-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Cutibacterium is a genus often considered a contaminant when present in blood cultures, but it can also cause severe infections, especially related to implanted foreign materials. We investigated the incidence and features of patients with true Cutibacterium infection. Patients with positive Cutibacterium blood cultures between the years 2015-2020 in southern Sweden were identified through microbiology records and medical records were studied retrospectively. Cutibacterium isolates were species determined using MALDI-TOF MS. Patients were classified as having true infection or contamination according to a definition considering both clinical and microbiological features and these groups were compared. A total of 313 episodes of positive Cutibacterium blood cultures were identified in 312 patients. Of these, 49 (16%, corresponding to an incidence of 6 cases per million inhabitants per year) were classified as true infections. The most common species was Cutibacterium acnes (87%), and the majority were elderly men with comorbidities. Patients with true Cutibacterium infection often had an unknown focus of infection (n = 21) or a focus in the respiratory tract (n = 18). We identified one episode of ventriculo-peritoneal shunt infection, three episodes of aortic stent-graft infection, and one episode of infective endocarditis. Two patients, where Cutibacterium was isolated at the site of infection, had only one positive blood culture. The finding of positive Cutibacterium blood cultures should not always be considered contamination. Definitions of true Cutibacterium bacteremia with a demand that more than one blood culture must be positive may miss true infections.
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Caldara M, Belgiovine C, Secchi E, Rusconi R. Environmental, Microbiological, and Immunological Features of Bacterial Biofilms Associated with Implanted Medical Devices. Clin Microbiol Rev 2022; 35:e0022120. [PMID: 35044203 PMCID: PMC8768833 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00221-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The spread of biofilms on medical implants represents one of the principal triggers of persistent and chronic infections in clinical settings, and it has been the subject of many studies in the past few years, with most of them focused on prosthetic joint infections. We review here recent works on biofilm formation and microbial colonization on a large variety of indwelling devices, ranging from heart valves and pacemakers to urological and breast implants and from biliary stents and endoscopic tubes to contact lenses and neurosurgical implants. We focus on bacterial abundance and distribution across different devices and body sites and on the role of environmental features, such as the presence of fluid flow and properties of the implant surface, as well as on the interplay between bacterial colonization and the response of the human immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Caldara
- Interdepartmental Center on Safety, Technologies, and Agri-food Innovation (SITEIA.PARMA), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Cristina Belgiovine
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano–Milan, Italy
- Scuola di Specializzazione in Microbiologia e Virologia, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Eleonora Secchi
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Rusconi
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano–Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele–Milan, Italy
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Koyama T, Ohji G, Nishida M, Nishimura S, Shirasugi I, Ohnuma K, Kusuki M, Iwata K. A case report of native vertebral osteomyelitis caused by Cutibacterium modestum. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:367. [PMID: 35410176 PMCID: PMC9004140 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07341-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cutibacterium modestum was named in 2020. C. modestum was previously called Propionibacterium humerusii. Several implant-associated infections caused by Cutibacterium species have been previously reported, but native vertebral osteomyelitis due to these bacteria has rarely been reported. Case presentation A 72-year-old man, who had previously received several nerve block injections for low back pain, was referred to our hospital for deterioration in back pain in the last 1 month. MRI findings were suggestive of L5-S1 vertebral osteomyelitis. Blood cultures and bone biopsy culture revealed the presence of Gram-positive bacilli. The isolate was identified as C. modestum by 16SrRNA gene sequencing. A diagnosis of vertebral osteomyelitis caused by C. modestum was made. Minocycline followed by oral amoxicillin was administered for 3 months. His symptom improved and did not recur after treatment completion. Conclusion A case of vertebral osteomyelitis caused by C. modestum was encountered. Although C. modestum is very similar to C. acnes, it could be accurately identified by 16SrRNA gene sequencing. This case represents the first documented C. modestum infection in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiji Koyama
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Goh Ohji
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan. .,Department of Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
| | - Masako Nishida
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Sho Nishimura
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Iku Shirasugi
- Department of Rheumatology, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Ohnuma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Mari Kusuki
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Iwata
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
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25
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Antibiotic Therapy for Prosthetic Joint Infections: An Overview. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11040486. [PMID: 35453237 PMCID: PMC9025623 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11040486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a severe complication after arthroplasty. Its management combines surgical intervention, whose type depends on the clinical situation, and prolonged high-dose antibiotics adapted to the responsible microorganism(s) and the patient. Antibiotics are only one part of the therapeutic regimen and are closely related to the surgical strategy. Their efficacy depends to a large extent on the choice and quality of the surgical procedure, and the quality of the microbiological diagnosis. Although guidelines have been published, many aspects of antibiotic therapy remain poorly established. Choosing the optimal agent(s) is one aspect, with others being optimization of drugs’ pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters, the choice of administration route, use of monotherapy or combination regimens, therapeutic drug-monitoring and patient education to improve compliance and tolerance. Herein, we address PJI management based on recent literature data, guidelines and the experience of our referral center for complex bone-and-joint infections.
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26
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Park J, Lee JJ, Hong Y, Seo H, Shin TS, Hong JY. Metagenomic Analysis of Plasma Microbial Extracellular Vesicles in Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation: A Pilot Study. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12040564. [PMID: 35455680 PMCID: PMC9031263 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12040564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Previous studies reported a significant association between pneumonia outcome and the respiratory microbiome. There is increasing interest in the roles of bacterial extracellular vesicles (EVs) in various diseases. We studied the composition and function of microbiota-derived EVs in the plasma of patients receiving mechanical ventilation to evaluate whether they can be used as a diagnostic marker and to predict clinical outcomes. Methods: Plasma samples (n = 111) from 59 mechanically ventilated patients (41 in the pneumonia group; 24 in the nursing home and hospital-associated infection [NHAI] group) were prospectively collected on days one and seven. After isolating the bacterial EVs from plasma samples, nucleic acid was extracted for 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing. The samples were evaluated to determine the α and β diversity, bacterial composition, and predicted functions. Results: Principal coordinates analysis revealed significantly different clustering of microbial EVs between the pneumonia and non-pneumonia groups. The proportions of Lactobacillus, Cutibacterium, and Sphingomonas were significantly different between the pneumonia and non-pneumonia groups. In addition, the abundances of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were significantly higher in the non-NHAI than the NHAI group. In the analysis of β diversity, the structure of microbial EVs differed significantly different between 28-day survivors and non-survivors (Bray-Curtis distance, p = 0.014). Functional profiling revealed significant differences between the pneumonia and non-pneumonia groups. The longitudinal change in predicted functions of microbial EV genes showed a significant difference between 28-day survivors and non-survivors. Conclusions: Bacterial microbiota–derived EVs in the plasma have potential as diagnostic and prognostic markers for patients receiving mechanical ventilation. Further large prospective studies are needed to determine the clinical utility of plasma microbiota-EVs in intubated patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinkyeong Park
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul 05278, Korea;
| | - Jae Jun Lee
- Institute of New Frontier Research Team, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24253, Korea;
| | - Yoonki Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon 24289, Korea;
| | - Hochan Seo
- MD Healthcare Inc., Seoul 03293, Korea; (H.S.); (T.-S.S.)
| | - Tae-Seop Shin
- MD Healthcare Inc., Seoul 03293, Korea; (H.S.); (T.-S.S.)
| | - Ji Young Hong
- Institute of New Frontier Research Team, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24253, Korea;
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center, Chuncheon 24253, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-33-240-8101; Fax: +033-255-6244
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Microbiological Evaluation of Water Used in Dental Units. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14060915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In modern dentistry, dental units are used for the treatment of patients’ teeth, and they need water to operate. Water circulates in a closed vessel system and finally reaches the mucous membranes of the patient as well as the dentist themselves. Therefore, the microbiological safety of this water should be a priority for physicians. This study aims to identify and determine the microbial count, expressed in CFU/mL, in water samples from various parts of the dental unit that are in direct contact with the patient. Thirty-four dental units located in dentistry rooms were analysed. The dentistry rooms were divided into three categories: surgical, conservative, and periodontal. It was found that in surgical rooms, the bacterial count was 1464.76 CFU/mL, and the most common bacterium was Staphylococcus pasteuri—23.88% of the total bacteria identified. In dentistry rooms where conservative treatments were applied, the average bacterial concentration was 8208.35 CFU/mL, and the most common bacterium was Ralsonia pickettii (26.31%). The periodontal rooms were also dominated by R. pickettii (45.13%), and the average bacterial concentration was 8743.08 CFU/mL. Fungi were also detected. Rhodotorula spp., Alternaria spp., and Candida parapsilosis were found to be the most common bacteria which are potentially harmful. This study indicates the need for effective decontamination of the water that is used in dental units and for constant monitoring of the level of contaminants present in the closed vessel system.
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28
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Aichmair A, Frank BJH, Singer G, Simon S, Dominkus M, Hofstaetter JG. Differential microbiological spectrum and resistance pattern in periprosthetic hip joint infections: a matched-cohort analysis comparing direct anterior versus lateral approach. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:72. [PMID: 35045839 PMCID: PMC8772206 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05037-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, total hip arthroplasty via the direct anterior approach (DAA) has become more common. Little is known on the influence of the surgical approach on the microbiological spectrum and resistance pattern in periprosthetic hip joint infections. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the microbiological spectrum and resistance pattern in periprosthetic hip joint infections comparing the direct anterior versus lateral approach in a matched-cohort analysis at a single institution. METHODS Patients who underwent revision hip arthroplasty due to PJI following primary total hip arthroplasty with culture positive microbiology were analyzed. In all study patients, both the primary surgery and the revisions surgery were performed at the same institution. Only patients in whom primary surgery was performed via a direct anterior or lateral approach were included (n = 87). A matched cohort analysis was performed to compare the microbiological spectrum and resistance pattern in PJI following direct anterior (n = 36) versus lateral (n = 36) primary THA. RESULTS We identified both a significantly different microbiological spectrum and resistance pattern in PJI comparing direct anterior versus lateral approach THA. Cutibacterium avidum was obtained more frequently in the anterior subgroup (22.2% vs. 2.8%, p = 0.028). In the subgroup of infections with Staphylococcus aureus (n = 12), methicillin resistance was detected in 3/5 cases in the direct anterior group versus 0/7 cases in the lateral group (p = 0.045). Overall, Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most common causative microorganism in both groups (direct anterior: 36.1%; lateral: 27.8%, p = 0.448). CONCLUSION The present study indicates a potential influence of the localization of the skin incision in THA on the microbiological spectrum and resistance pattern in PJI. Cutibacterium avidum seemed to be a more common causative microorganism in PJI in patients who underwent direct anterior compared to lateral approach THA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Aichmair
- II. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Hospital Vienna-Speising, Speisinger Straße 109, 1130, Vienna, Austria.
- Michael Ogon Laboratory for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopaedic Hospital Vienna-Speising, Speisinger Straße 109, 1130, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Bernhard J H Frank
- Michael Ogon Laboratory for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopaedic Hospital Vienna-Speising, Speisinger Straße 109, 1130, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gabriel Singer
- II. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Hospital Vienna-Speising, Speisinger Straße 109, 1130, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sebastian Simon
- Michael Ogon Laboratory for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopaedic Hospital Vienna-Speising, Speisinger Straße 109, 1130, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Dominkus
- II. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Hospital Vienna-Speising, Speisinger Straße 109, 1130, Vienna, Austria
- Sigmund Freud University, Freudplatz 3, 1020, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jochen G Hofstaetter
- II. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Hospital Vienna-Speising, Speisinger Straße 109, 1130, Vienna, Austria
- Michael Ogon Laboratory for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopaedic Hospital Vienna-Speising, Speisinger Straße 109, 1130, Vienna, Austria
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29
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Koizumi J, Nakase K, Hayashi N, Nasu Y, Hirai Y, Nakaminami H. Multidrug-resistant Cutibacterium avidum isolated from patients with acne vulgaris and other infections. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2022; 28:151-157. [PMID: 35017069 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2021.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cutibacterium avidum, a human skin bacterium, rarely causes infectious diseases. It has been recently shown that C. acnes, another member of the genus Cutibacterium, acts as an opportunistic pathogen in surgical site infections. However, the antimicrobial susceptibility and pathogenicity of C. avidum remain unknown. Here, we investigated the epidemiological features of C. avidum. RESULTS C. avidum strains were isolated from patients with acne vulgaris (29 strains) and patients with other infections (12 strains). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed clarithromycin and clindamycin resistance in 65.9% of the tested strains (27/41). In addition, ciprofloxacin resistance was found in 34.1% of the strains (14/41), and 13 of those strains additionally exhibited resistance to both macrolides and clindamycin. Notably, the macrolides-clindamycin resistance gene erm(X) was found on the chromosomes of 92.6% (25/27) of the clindamycin-resistant strains and may be prevalent owing to transmission among C. avidum strains. Ciprofloxacin-resistant strains developed amino acid substitutions in GyrA owing to the use of antimicrobial agents. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis revealed that only a few strains exhibited 100% similarity. Additionally, no clustering associated with antimicrobial resistance, biofilm-forming ability, and type of infection was observed. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed that erm(X) may be frequently disseminated in C. avidum, and multidrug-resistant C. avidum strains may colonize the skin of patients with acne vulgaris and patients with other infections. Therefore, the prevalence of multidrug-resistant C. avidum and the use of antimicrobial agents for the treatment of acne vulgaris and other infections associated with C. avidum should be monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juri Koizumi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Keisuke Nakase
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan.
| | - Nobukazu Hayashi
- Department of Dermatology, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan
| | - Yutaka Nasu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, 1163 Tatemachi, Hachioji, Tokyo 193-0944, Japan
| | - Yuji Hirai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, 1163 Tatemachi, Hachioji, Tokyo 193-0944, Japan
| | - Hidemasa Nakaminami
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
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Boyle M, Tennyson C, Guleri A, Walker A. Infective endocarditis: acne to zoonoses on the valve, an A to Z perspective. THE BRITISH JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY 2022; 29:25. [PMID: 36873726 PMCID: PMC9982663 DOI: 10.5837/bjc.2022.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes), previously known as Propionibacterium acnes, is a rare cause of infective endocarditis (IE). We provide a review of the literature and describe two recent cases from a single centre to provide insight into the various clinical presentations, progression and management of patients with this infection. The primary objective of our review is to highlight the difficulty in the initial assessment of these patients with an aim to improve the time and accuracy of diagnosis and expedite subsequent treatment. There are currently no guidelines in the literature specific to the management of IE caused by C. acnes. Our secondary objectives are to disseminate information about the indolent course of the disease and add to the growing body of evidence around this rare, yet complex, cause of IE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Boyle
- Junior Clinical Fellow Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Royal Brompton Hospital, Sydney Street, London, SW3 6NP
| | - Charlene Tennyson
- Cardiothoracic Registrar Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Southmoor Road, Manchester, M23 9L
| | - Achyut Guleri
- Consultant Clinical Microbiologist Department of Microbiology, Mid Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Pinderfields Hospital, Aberford Road, Wakefield, WF1 4DG
| | - Antony Walker
- Consultant Cardiothoracic Surgeon Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Blackpool Victoria Hospital, Whinney Heys Road, Blackpool, FY3 8NR
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Gussago S, Elzi L, Arigoni M, Poroli Bastone C, Molina MN. Simultaneous Propionibacterium avidum and Propionibacterium acnes Chronic Periprosthetic Hip Joint Infection: A Case Report. Cureus 2021; 13:e20771. [PMID: 35111456 PMCID: PMC8794411 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.20771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Prosthetic hip joint replacement is considered the operation of the 20th century because of its wide diffusion and good outcome. More than 1 million prostheses are implanted worldwide annually. Although hip arthroplasty is considered a safe procedure, different complications can occur in relation with surgery. Periprosthesic joint infection is the most feared for its morbidity for the patients, and for the economic costs it generates. Most surgical site infections after hip arthroplasty are related to frequent germs as Staphylococci or Enterobacteriaceae, while Propionibacterium infections are more rare and often challenging in diagnosis and therapy. We report a case of a 77-year-old diabetic overweight male patient who developed a periprosthetic hip infection due to P. avidum and P. acnes after a mini-invasive direct anterior approach. To our knowledge, this represents the first case of chronic periprosthetic hip joint co-infection.
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Torrens C, Bellosillo B, Gibert J, Alier A, Santana F, Prim N, Corvec S. Are Cutibacterium acnes present at the end of primary shoulder prosthetic surgeries responsible for infection? Prospective study. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2021; 41:169-173. [PMID: 34535842 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-021-04348-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate if the C. acnes present at the end of a primary shoulder arthroplasty could be responsible for shoulder arthroplasty infection. Prospective study includes patients undergoing primary shoulder arthroplasty from January 2015 until December 2018. From all the patients included, 5 to 12 tissue samples were obtained and were specifically cultured to detect the presence of C. acnes. DNA was extracted from the C acnes isolated colonies and Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) analysis was done. A cohort of 156 patients was finally included. In twenty-seven patients, the C. acnes was present at the end of the primary surgery. Two of these patients developed a C. acnes periprosthetic shoulder infection at 6 and 4 months after the primary surgery. WGS of C. acnes isolated colonies showed that all the revision-surgery isolates clustered near to the corresponding primary-surgery isolates compared to the other independent bacterial colonies. (99.89% of similarity). C. acnes present at the end of the primary surgery can be the cause of early or delayed periprosthetic joint infections in shoulder arthroplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Torrens
- Orthopaedic Department, Hospital del Mar, Passeig Marítim 25-29, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Bellosillo
- Pathology Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.,Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Gibert
- Pathology Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.,Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Alier
- Orthopaedic Department, Hospital del Mar, Passeig Marítim 25-29, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Santana
- Orthopaedic Department, Hospital del Mar, Passeig Marítim 25-29, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Prim
- Microbiology Service, Laboratori de Referència de Catalunya, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stéphane Corvec
- Service de Bactériologie Et Des Contrôles Microbiologiques, Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, CRCINA U1232, 44000, Nantes, France
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Eight metagenome-assembled genomes provide evidence for microbial adaptation in 20,000 to 1,000,000-year-old Siberian permafrost. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:e0097221. [PMID: 34288700 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00972-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Permafrost microbes may be metabolically active in microscopic layers of liquid brines, even in ancient soil. Metagenomics can help discern whether permafrost microbes show adaptations to this environment. Thirty-three metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) were obtained from six depths (3.5 m to 20 m) of freshly-cored permafrost from the Siberia Kolyma-Indigirka Lowland region. These soils have been continuously frozen for ∼20,000 to 1,000,000 years. Eight of these MAGs were ≥80% complete with <10% contamination and were taxonomically identified as Aminicenantes, Atribacteria, Chloroflexi, and Actinobacteria within bacteria and Thermoprofundales within archaea. MAGs from these taxa have previously been obtained from non-permafrost environments and have been suggested to show adaptations to long-term energy-starvation, but they have never been explored in ancient permafrost. The permafrost MAGs had higher proportions of clusters of orthologous genes (COGs) from 'Energy production and conversion' and 'Carbohydrate transport and metabolism' than their non-permafrost counterparts. They also contained genes for trehalose synthesis, thymine metabolism, mevalonate biosynthesis and cellulose degradation that were less prevalent in non-permafrost genomes. Many of these genes are involved in membrane stabilization and osmotic stress responses, consistent with adaptation to the anoxic, high ionic strength, cold environments of permafrost brine films. Our results suggest that this ancient permafrost contains DNA in high enough quality to assemble MAGs from microorganisms with adaptations to subsist long-term freezing in this extreme environment. Importance Permafrost around the world is thawing rapidly. Many scientists from a variety of disciplines have shown the importance of understanding what will happen to our ecosystem, commerce, and climate when permafrost thaws. The fate of permafrost microorganisms is connected to these predicted rapid environmental changes. Studying ancient permafrost with culture independent techniques can give a glimpse into how these microorganisms function in these extreme low temperature and energy conditions. This will aid understanding of how they will change with the environment. This study presents genomic data from this unique environment aged ∼20,000 to 1,000,000-years-old.
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Unravelling the eco-specificity and pathophysiological properties of Cutibacterium species in the light of recent taxonomic changes. Anaerobe 2021; 71:102411. [PMID: 34265438 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2021.102411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In 2016, a new species name Cutibacterium acnes was coined for the well-documented species, Propionibacterium acnes, one of the most successful and clinically important skin commensals. The nomenclatural changes were brought about through creation of the genus Cutibacterium, when a group of propionibacteria isolates from the skin were transferred from the genus Propionibacterium and placed in the phylum Actinobacteria. Almost simultaneously, the discovery of two novel species of Cutibacterium occurred and the proposal of three subspecies of C. acnes were reported. These dramatic changes that occurred in a long-established taxon made it challenging for the non-specialist to correlate the huge volume of hitherto published work with current findings. In this review, we aim to correlate the eco-specificity and pathophysiological properties of these newly circumscribed taxa. We envisage that this information will shed light on the pathogenic potential of new isolates and enable better assessment of their clinical importance in the foreseeable future. Currently, five species are recognized within the genus: Cutibacterium acnes, Cutibacterium avidum, Cutibacterium granulosum, Cutibacterium modestum (previously, "Propionibacterium humerusii"), and Cutibacterium namnetense. These reside in different niches reflecting their uniqueness in their genetic makeup. Their pathogenicity includes acne inflammation, sarcoidosis, progressive macular hypomelanosis, prostate cancer, and infections (bone, lumbar disc, and heart). This is also the case for the three newly described subspecies of C. acnes, which are C. acnes subspecies acnes (C. acnes type I), subspecies defendens (C. acnes type II), and subspecies elongatum (C. acnes type III). C. acnes subspecies acnes is related to inflamed acne and sarcoidosis, while subspecies defendens to prostate cancer and subspecies elongatum to progressive macular hypomelanosis. Because the current nomenclature is based upon polyphasic analyses of the biochemical and pathogenic characteristics and comparative genomics, it provides a sound basis studying the pathophysiological roles of these species.
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König E, Ziegler HP, Tribus J, Grisold AJ, Feierl G, Leitner E. Surveillance of Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Anaerobe Clinical Isolates in Southeast Austria: Bacteroides fragilis Group Is on the Fast Track to Resistance. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10050479. [PMID: 33919239 PMCID: PMC8143075 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10050479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaerobic bacteria play an important role in human infections. Bacteroides spp. are some of the 15 most common pathogens causing nosocomial infections. We present antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) results of 114 Gram-positive anaerobic isolates and 110 Bacteroides-fragilis-group-isolates (BFGI). Resistance profiles were determined by MIC gradient testing. Furthermore, we performed disk diffusion testing of BFGI and compared the results of the two methods. Within Gram-positive anaerobes, the highest resistance rates were found for clindamycin and moxifloxacin (21.9% and 16.7%, respectively), and resistance for beta-lactams and metronidazole was low (<1%). For BFGI, the highest resistance rates were also detected for clindamycin and moxifloxacin (50.9% and 36.4%, respectively). Resistance rates for piperacillin/tazobactam and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid were 10% and 7.3%, respectively. Two B. fragilis isolates were classified as multi-drug-resistant (MDR), with resistance against all tested beta-lactam antibiotics. The comparative study of 109 BFGI resulted in 130 discrepancies in 763 readings (17%) with a high number of Very Major Errors (VME) and Major Errors (ME). In summary, resistance rates, with the exception of clindamycin and moxifloxacin, are still low, but we are facing increasing resistance rates for BFGI. Surveillance studies on a regular basis are still recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth König
- Diagnostic & Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A 8010 Graz, Austria; (E.K.); (H.P.Z.); (J.T.); (A.J.G.); (G.F.)
- Section of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Hans P. Ziegler
- Diagnostic & Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A 8010 Graz, Austria; (E.K.); (H.P.Z.); (J.T.); (A.J.G.); (G.F.)
| | - Julia Tribus
- Diagnostic & Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A 8010 Graz, Austria; (E.K.); (H.P.Z.); (J.T.); (A.J.G.); (G.F.)
| | - Andrea J. Grisold
- Diagnostic & Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A 8010 Graz, Austria; (E.K.); (H.P.Z.); (J.T.); (A.J.G.); (G.F.)
| | - Gebhard Feierl
- Diagnostic & Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A 8010 Graz, Austria; (E.K.); (H.P.Z.); (J.T.); (A.J.G.); (G.F.)
| | - Eva Leitner
- Diagnostic & Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A 8010 Graz, Austria; (E.K.); (H.P.Z.); (J.T.); (A.J.G.); (G.F.)
- Correspondence:
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Evaluation of Optimal Blood Culture Incubation Time To Maximize Clinically Relevant Results from a Contemporary Blood Culture Instrument and Media System. J Clin Microbiol 2021; 59:JCM.02459-20. [PMID: 33239377 PMCID: PMC8106720 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.02459-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Timely diagnosis of microorganisms in blood cultures is necessary to optimize therapy. Although blood culture media and systems have evolved for decades, the standard interval for incubation prior to being discarded as negative has remained 5 days. Here, we evaluated the optimal incubation time for the BacT/Alert Virtuo blood culture detection system (bioMérieux) using FA Plus (aerobic) and FN Plus (anaerobic) resin culture bottles in routine clinical use. Timely diagnosis of microorganisms in blood cultures is necessary to optimize therapy. Although blood culture media and systems have evolved for decades, the standard interval for incubation prior to being discarded as negative has remained 5 days. Here, we evaluated the optimal incubation time for the BacT/Alert Virtuo blood culture detection system (bioMérieux) using FA Plus (aerobic) and FN Plus (anaerobic) resin culture bottles in routine clinical use. Following institutional review board (IRB) approval, a retrospective review evaluated the outcomes of 158,710 bottles collected between November 2018 and October 2019. The number of positive blood bottles was 13,592 (8.6%); 99% of positive aerobic and anaerobic bottles flagged positive by 91.5 and 108 h, respectively. The mean (median) times to positivity were 18.4 h (15.6 h) for Staphylococcus aureus, 12.3 h (9.5 h) for Escherichia coli, 22.2 h (15.9 h) for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and 48.9 h (42.9 h) for Candida spp. Only 175 bottles (0.1% of all bottles) flagged positive after 4 days of incubation; 89 (51%) of these bottles grew Cutibacterium (Propionibacterium) species. Chart review of blood cultures positive after 4 days (96 h) rarely had a clinical impact and sometimes had a negative impact on patient care. Finally, a seeded study of the HACEK group (i.e., Haemophilus, Aggregatibacter, Cardiobacterium, Eikenella, and Kingella), historically associated with delayed blood culture positivity, demonstrated no benefit to extended incubation beyond 4 days. Collectively, these findings demonstrated that a 4-day incubation time was sufficient for the Virtuo system and media. Implementation of the 4-day incubation time could enhance clinically relevant results by reducing recovery of contaminants and finalizing blood cultures 1 day earlier.
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Maurer SM, Kursawe L, Rahm S, Prinz J, Zinkernagel AS, Moter A, Kuster SP, Zbinden R, Zingg PO, Achermann Y. Cutibacterium avidum resists surgical skin antisepsis in the groin-a potential risk factor for periprosthetic joint infection: a quality control study. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2021; 10:27. [PMID: 33522957 PMCID: PMC7852298 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-021-00883-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The skin commensal Cutibacterium avidum has been recognized as an emerging pathogen for periprosthetic joint infections (PJI). One currently assumes that the early occurring PJIs are a consequence of skin commensals contaminating the peri-implant tissue during surgery. We addressed whether standard skin antisepsis with povidone-iodine/alcohol before total hip arthroplasty (THA) is effective to eliminate colonizing bacteria with focus on C. avidum. METHODS In a single-center, prospective study, we screened all patients for skin colonizing C. avidum in the groin before THA. Only in the patients positive for C. avidum, we preoperatively repeated skin swabs after the first and third skin antisepsis and antibiotic prophylaxis. We also obtained dermis biopsies for microbiology and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). RESULTS Fifty-one out of 60 patients (85%) were colonized on the skin with various bacteria, in particular with C. avidum in 12 out of 60. Skin antisepsis eliminated C. avidum in eight of ten (20%) colonized patients undergoing THA. Deeper skin (dermis) biopsies were all culture negative, but FISH detected single positive ribosome-rich C. avidum in one case near sweat glands. CONCLUSION Standard skin antisepsis was not effective to completely eliminate colonizing C. avidum on the skin in the groin of patients undergoing THA. Colonizing with C. avidum might pose an increased risk for PJI when considering a THA. Novel more effective antisepsis strategies are needed. Trial registration No clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Maurer
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Laura Kursawe
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Rahm
- Department of Orthopedics, University Hospital Balgrist, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julia Prinz
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Annelies S Zinkernagel
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Annette Moter
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan P Kuster
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reinhard Zbinden
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick O Zingg
- Department of Orthopedics, University Hospital Balgrist, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yvonne Achermann
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Adams N, Snitchler C, Kong M, Ikeda D, Skinner A, Rodriguezbarrantes J, Leverette R, Bell R. When upper respiratory tract infections go rogue: A case report of Arcanobacterium haemolyticum Cerebral Abscess. IDCases 2020; 23:e01014. [PMID: 33304814 PMCID: PMC7711139 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2020.e01014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Arcanobacterium haemolyticum is an extremely rare cause of cerebral abscess. We present a unique case of Arcanobacterium haemolyticum sinusitis complicated by preseptal cellulitis and cerebral abscess. The patient initially presented with pharyngitis and then developed sinus congestion, headache and facial pain. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a right gyrus rectus cerebral abscess and paranasal sinus infection. The patient underwent endoscopic sinus surgery and cultures revealed Arcanobacterium haemolyticum. Repeat imaging revealed maturation and progression of intracranial abscess. The abscess was drained and patient was treated with parenteral and oral antibiotics until complete clinical and radiological remission. This case highlights the importance of recognizing Arcanobacterium haemolyticum as a cause of invasive disease in immunocompetent hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nehkonti Adams
- Departments of Medicine, US Naval Hospital Okinawa, Okinawa, Japan
- Corresponding author.
| | | | - Michael Kong
- Departments of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, US Naval Hospital Okinawa, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Daniel Ikeda
- Departments of Surgery, US Naval Hospital Okinawa, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Anthony Skinner
- Departments of Opthaolmology, US Naval Hospital Okinawa, Okinawa, Japan
| | | | - Ryan Leverette
- Departments of Laboratory Services, US Naval Hospital Okinawa, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Randy Bell
- Department of Neurosurgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Maryland, United States
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Barroso RA, Navarro R, Tim CR, de Paula Ramos L, de Oliveira LD, Araki ÂT, Fernandes KGC, Macedo D, Assis L. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy against Propionibacterium acnes biofilms using hypericin (Hypericum perforatum) photosensitizer: in vitro study. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 36:1235-1240. [PMID: 33083912 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03163-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Acne vulgaris is the most recurring skin condition in the world, causing great harm to the physical and psychological well-being of many patients. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has broad therapeutic applicability. The purpose was to evaluate in vitro the photodynamic inactivation against Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) biofilms by using different concentrations of hypericin (Hypericum perforatum) photosensitizer associated with different energies of low-level laser. The biofilms were placed in 96-well microplates with a 6.4-mm diameter surface, by using standard suspensions (2 × 107 CFU/mL) and grown in brain heart infusion broth (BHI) for 48 h in anaerobic chamber. Subsequently, the control group received application of 0.9% sterile saline solution for 3 min; the photosensitising groups received hypericin at concentrations of 5 and 15 μg/mL for 3 min; the laser groups received irradiation of energies of 3 and 5 J (660 nm, continuous output, 100 mW, 30 and 50 s and 100 J/cm2 and 166 J/cm2, respectively); the aPDT groups received 5 and 15 μg/mL concentrations of hypericin associated with energies of 3 and 5 J of low-level laser irradiation. After the biofilms were broken up and seeded for CFU counting. The results showed a reduction in P. acnes biofilms after aPDT emphasising that 15 μg/mL hypericin associated with 3 and 5 J laser irradiation reduced biofilms by 14.1 and 27.9%, respectively. In addition, all groups of aPDT demostrated statistically significant reductions. In vitro photodynamic inactivation against P. acnes biofilms using different concentration of hypericin photosensitizer associated with different energies of low-level laser promoted effective antimicrobial action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosmeire Aparecida Barroso
- Scientific and Technological Institute, Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Navarro
- Scientific and Technological Institute, Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carla Roberta Tim
- Scientific and Technological Institute, Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas de Paula Ramos
- Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciane Dias de Oliveira
- Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Ângela Toshie Araki
- Dentistry Graduate Program, Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Daniela Macedo
- Scientific and Technological Institute, Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lívia Assis
- Scientific and Technological Institute, Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. .,Instituto Científico e Tecnológico da Universidade Brasil, Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade Brasil, Carolina Fonseca 236, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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A Pan-Genome Guided Metabolic Network Reconstruction of Five Propionibacterium Species Reveals Extensive Metabolic Diversity. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11101115. [PMID: 32977700 PMCID: PMC7650540 DOI: 10.3390/genes11101115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Propionibacteria have been studied extensively since the early 1930s due to their relevance to industry and importance as human pathogens. Still, their unique metabolism is far from fully understood. This is partly due to their signature high GC content, which has previously hampered the acquisition of quality sequence data, the accurate annotation of the available genomes, and the functional characterization of genes. The recent completion of the genome sequences for several species has led researchers to reassess the taxonomical classification of the genus Propionibacterium, which has been divided into several new genres. Such data also enable a comparative genomic approach to annotation and provide a new opportunity to revisit our understanding of their metabolism. Using pan-genome analysis combined with the reconstruction of the first high-quality Propionibacterium genome-scale metabolic model and a pan-metabolic model of current and former members of the genus Propionibacterium, we demonstrate that despite sharing unique metabolic traits, these organisms have an unexpected diversity in central carbon metabolism and a hidden layer of metabolic complexity. This combined approach gave us new insights into the evolution of Propionibacterium metabolism and led us to propose a novel, putative ferredoxin-linked energy conservation strategy. The pan-genomic approach highlighted key differences in Propionibacterium metabolism that reflect adaptation to their environment. Results were mathematically captured in genome-scale metabolic reconstructions that can be used to further explore metabolism using metabolic modeling techniques. Overall, the data provide a platform to explore Propionibacterium metabolism and a tool for the rational design of strains.
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Misidentification of Cutibacterium namnetense as Cutibacterium acnes among clinical isolates by MALDI-TOF VitekMS: usefulness of gyrB sequencing and new player in bone infections. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2020; 39:1605-1610. [PMID: 32382853 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-020-03873-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The taxonomy modification of Propionibacterium sp. with the description of new species, especially Cutibacterium namnetense, raises the question of species distribution in routine clinical samples. We performed a retrospective study during 3 years before the implementation of MALDI-TOF. Two hundred sixty-nine isolates were included in the study. MALDI-TOF identification, 16S rRNA, and new developed gyrB partial sequencings were performed. The most representative species was C. acnes in 88% of the cases, regardless of the origin of the clinical sample. Eventually, we identified three C. namnetense strains, representing a 1.1% prevalence over the period of time, including two bone infections. MALDI-TOF databases should be regularly updated to incorporate new species. gyrB sequencing constitutes a both easy and relevant method to identify Cutibacterium sp. especially C. namnetense, a new player in bone infections.
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Propionibacterium/Cutibacterium species-related positive samples, identification, clinical and resistance features: a 10-year survey in a French hospital. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2020; 39:1357-1364. [PMID: 32125556 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-020-03852-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A 10-year retrospective study of Propionibacterium/Cutibacterium-positive samples gathered from hospitalized patients was conducted at Nantes University hospital. A total of 2728 Propionibacterium/Cutibacterium-positive samples analyzed between 2007 and 2016 were included. Due to the implementation of MALDI-TOF identification in 2013, most non-Cutibacterium acnes isolates were identified a second time using this technology. Over that period, Cutibacterium acnes remained the most predominant species accounting for 91.5% (2497/2728) of the isolates, followed by Cutibacterium avidum (4.2%, 115/2728) and Cutibacterium granulosum (2.4%, 64/2728). Regarding the origin of samples, the orthopaedic department was the main Cutibacterium sample provider representing 51.9% (1415/2728) of all samples followed by the dermatology department (11.5%, 315/2728). Samples were recovered from various tissue locations: 31.5% (858/2728) from surgery-related samples such as shoulder, spine or hip replacement devices and 19.1% (520/2728) from skin samples. MALDI-TOF method revealed misidentification before 2013. Cutibacterium avidum was falsely identified as C. granulosum (n = 33). Consequently, MALDI-TOF technology using up-to-date databases should be preferred to biochemical identification in order to avoid biased species identification. Regarding antibiotic resistance, 14.7% (20/136) of C. acnes was resistant to erythromycin. 4.1% (41/1005) of C. acnes strains, 17.9% (12/67) of C. avidum strains and 3.6% (1/28) of C. granulosum strains were found resistant to clindamycin.
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Legaria MC, Barberis C, Camporro J, Traglia GM, Famiglietti A, Stecher D, Vay CA. Intra-peritoneal abscess after an abdominal hysterectomy involving Cutibacterium avidum (former Propionibacterium avidum) highly resistant to clindamycin. Anaerobe 2019; 59:176-183. [PMID: 31254654 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2019.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Cutibacterium avidum is a gram-positive anaerobic rod belonging to the cutaneous group of human bacteria with preferential colonization of sweat glands in moist areas. The microorganism rarely cause disease, generally delayed prosthetic joint infections (PJIs). We describe the second case of intraperitoneal abscess by C. avidum after an abdominal surgery in an obese female patient and the first case after a non-prosthetic abdominal surgery due to a highly clindamycin resistant strain in a patient with underling conditions. The patient was successfully treated with surgical drainage and beta-lactam antibiotics. Although rare and apparently non-pathogenic, C. avidum may be involved in infections, especially in some high-risk patients with obesity who have undergone surgical incision involving deep folder of the skin. The microorganism was identified by phenotypic methods, MALDI-TOF MS and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Susceptibility test should be performed in C. avidum because high level resistance to clindamycin could be present. We present a literature review of C. avidum infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Legaria
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Cátedra de Microbiología Clínica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - C Barberis
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Cátedra de Microbiología Clínica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J Camporro
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Servicio de Infectología, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - G M Traglia
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Cátedra de Microbiología Clínica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Famiglietti
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Cátedra de Microbiología Clínica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - D Stecher
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Servicio de Infectología, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C A Vay
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Cátedra de Microbiología Clínica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Antibiotic resistance genes in the Actinobacteria phylum. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 38:1599-1624. [PMID: 31250336 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-019-03580-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The Actinobacteria phylum is one of the oldest bacterial phyla that have a significant role in medicine and biotechnology. There are a lot of genera in this phylum that are causing various types of infections in humans, animals, and plants. As well as antimicrobial agents that are used in medicine for infections treatment or prevention of infections, they have been discovered of various genera in this phylum. To date, resistance to antibiotics is rising in different regions of the world and this is a global health threat. The main purpose of this review is the molecular evolution of antibiotic resistance in the Actinobacteria phylum.
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Editorial Commentary: Already "Stealth" Organism Propionibacterium acnes Goes Covert by Changing Its Name to Cutibacterium acnes: Shoulder Bacterial Contamination. Arthroscopy 2019; 35:1758-1759. [PMID: 31159961 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2019.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Propionibacterium acnes, now Cutibacterium acnes, is found on skin and subcutaneous tissue and is thus hard to eradicate. Infection can result in shoulder pain but be indolent and hard to diagnose; in addition, the organism is difficult to identify requiring long-hold cultures. Despite skin preparation, and second preparation before conversion of arthroscopy to mini-open surgery, we do not yet have a way to effectively eradicate C acnes from deeper dermal layers.
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Rocha Martin VN, Lacroix C, Killer J, Bunesova V, Voney E, Braegger C, Schwab C. Cutibacterium avidum is phylogenetically diverse with a subpopulation being adapted to the infant gut. Syst Appl Microbiol 2019; 42:506-516. [PMID: 31128887 DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The infant gut harbors a diverse microbial community consisting of several taxa whose persistence depends on adaptation to the ecosystem. In healthy breast-fed infants, the gut microbiota is dominated by Bifidobacterium spp.. Cutibacterium avidum is among the initial colonizers, however, the phylogenetic relationship of infant fecal isolates to isolates from other body sites, and C. avidum carbon utilization related to the infant gut ecosystem have been little investigated. In this study, we investigated the phylogenetic and phenotypic diversity of 28 C. avidum strains, including 16 strains isolated from feces of healthy infants. We investigated the in vitro capacity of C. avidum infant isolates to degrade and consume carbon sources present in the infant gut, and metabolic interactions of C. avidum with infant associated Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis and Bifidobacterium bifidum. Isolates of C. avidum showed genetic heterogeneity. C. avidum consumed d- and l-lactate, glycerol, glucose, galactose, N-acetyl-d-glucosamine and maltodextrins. Alpha-galactosidase- and β-glucuronidase activity were a trait of a group of non-hemolytic strains, which were mostly isolated from infant feces. Beta-glucuronidase activity correlated with the ability to ferment glucuronic acid. Co-cultivation with B. infantis and B. bifidum enhanced C. avidum growth and production of propionate, confirming metabolic cross-feeding. This study highlights the phylogenetic and functional diversity of C. avidum, their role as secondary glycan degraders and propionate producers, and suggests adaptation of a subpopulation to the infant gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Natalin Rocha Martin
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH-Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland; Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, University Children's Hospital Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Lacroix
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH-Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jiri Killer
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic
| | - Vera Bunesova
- Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6, Suchdol 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Evelyn Voney
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH-Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Braegger
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, University Children's Hospital Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Clarissa Schwab
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH-Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
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Cutibacterium avidum: A rare but expected agent of breast implant infection. IDCases 2019; 17:e00546. [PMID: 31110944 PMCID: PMC6510956 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2019.e00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutibacterium avidum previously was considered of low pathogenicity. C. avidum is recognized as a causative organism of surgical site infections. C. avidum should not be disregarded if there are clinical signs of infection.
Cutibacterium avidum is largely commensal and part of the skin microbiota, recently recognized as a pathogen that causes surgical site infections, especially in the presence of implants or medical devices. We present a 50-year-old woman with Cutibacterium avidum infection associated with breast implant augmentation, which required the removal of the implants to achieve the cure. As a skin commensal, Cutibacterium avidum previously was considered of low pathogenicity, but is now recognized as a causative organism of serious spontaneous and surgical site infections. It should not be routinely disregarded without further investigation, particularly if clinical signs of infection are present.
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Munson E, Carroll KC. An Update on the Novel Genera and Species and Revised Taxonomic Status of Bacterial Organisms Described in 2016 and 2017. J Clin Microbiol 2019; 57:e01181-18. [PMID: 30257907 PMCID: PMC6355528 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01181-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recognition and acknowledgment of novel bacterial taxonomy and nomenclature revisions can impact clinical practice, disease epidemiology, and routine clinical microbiology laboratory operations. The Journal of Clinical Microbiology (JCM) herein presents its biannual report summarizing such changes published in the years 2016 and 2017, as published and added by the International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology Noteworthy discussion centers around descriptions of novel Corynebacteriaceae and an anaerobic mycolic acid-producing bacterium in the suborder Corynebacterineae; revisions within the Propionibacterium, Clostridium, Borrelia, and Enterobacter genera; and a major reorganization of the family Enterobacteriaceae. JCM intends to sustain this series of reports as advancements in molecular genetics, whole-genome sequencing, and studies of the human microbiome continue to produce novel taxa and clearer understandings of bacterial relatedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Munson
- College of Health Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Karen C Carroll
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Corvec S, Dagnelie MA, Khammari A, Dréno B. Taxonomy and phylogeny of Cutibacterium (formerly Propionibacterium) acnes in inflammatory skin diseases. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2018; 146:26-30. [PMID: 30558958 DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Since its discovery, Propionibacterium acnes has undergone various name changes, and has been known since 2016, as Cutibacterium acnes. Herein we set out the history and rational of these taxonomic changes together with a description of a new genus, Cutibacterium, which includes five species within the cutaneous ecosystem. Modern microbiological techniques allow finer distinction between species and subspecies while also enabling the identification of separate subtypes within the population of Cutibacterium acnes. Phylogeny and molecular typing techniques thus provide a better understanding of the subtypes involved in certain inflammatory skin diseases, including acne, folliculitis and progressive macular hypomelanosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Corvec
- Bacterial Department, Nantes University Hospital, CRCINA, université de Nantes, 44049 Nantes, France.
| | - M-A Dagnelie
- Dermatology Department, Nantes University Hospital, CRCINA, CIC 1413, université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - A Khammari
- Dermatology Department, Nantes University Hospital, CRCINA, CIC 1413, université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - B Dréno
- Dermatology Department, Nantes University Hospital, CRCINA, CIC 1413, université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
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