1
|
Kuehnemann C, Wiley CD. Senescent cells at the crossroads of aging, disease, and tissue homeostasis. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e13988. [PMID: 37731189 PMCID: PMC10776127 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Originally identified as an outcome of continuous culture of primary cells, cellular senescence has moved beyond the culture dish and is now a bona fide driver of aging and disease in animal models, and growing links to human disease. This cellular stress response consists of a stable proliferative arrest coupled to multiple phenotypic changes. Perhaps the most important of these is the senescence-associated secretory phenotype, or senescence-associated secretory phenotype -a complex and variable collection of secreted molecules release by senescent cells with a number of potent biological activities. Senescent cells appear in multiple age-associated conditions in humans and mice, and interventions that eliminate these cells can prevent or even reverse multiple diseases in mouse models. Here, we review salient aspects of senescent cells in the context of human disease and homeostasis. Senescent cells increase in abundance during several diseases that associated with premature aging. Conversely, senescent cells have a key role in beneficial processes such as development and wound healing, and thus can help maintain tissue homeostasis. Finally, we speculate on mechanisms by which deleterious aspects of senescent cells might be targeted while retaining homeostatic aspects in order to improve age-related outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chisaka Kuehnemann
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Christopher D. Wiley
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Holloway K, Neherin K, Dam KU, Zhang H. Cellular senescence and neurodegeneration. Hum Genet 2023; 142:1247-1262. [PMID: 37115318 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-023-02565-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Advancing age is a major risk factor of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The worldwide prevalence of AD is approximately 50 million people, and this number is projected to increase substantially. The molecular mechanisms underlying the aging-associated susceptibility to cognitive impairment in AD are largely unknown. As a hallmark of aging, cellular senescence is a significant contributor to aging and age-related diseases including AD. Senescent neurons and glial cells have been detected to accumulate in the brains of AD patients and mouse models. Importantly, selective elimination of senescent cells ameliorates amyloid beta and tau pathologies and improves cognition in AD mouse models, indicating a critical role of cellular senescence in AD pathogenesis. Nonetheless, the mechanisms underlying when and how cellular senescence contributes to AD pathogenesis remain unclear. This review provides an overview of cellular senescence and discusses recent advances in the understanding of the impact of cellular senescence on AD pathogenesis, with brief discussions of the possible role of cellular senescence in other neurodegenerative diseases including Down syndrome, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristopher Holloway
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Kashfia Neherin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Kha Uyen Dam
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhou S, Zhu J, Zhou PK, Gu Y. Alveolar type 2 epithelial cell senescence and radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:999600. [PMID: 36407111 PMCID: PMC9666897 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.999600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF) is a chronic and progressive respiratory tract disease characterized by collagen deposition. The pathogenesis of RIPF is still unclear. Type 2 alveolar epithelial cells (AT2), the essential cells that maintain the structure and function of lung tissue, are crucial for developing pulmonary fibrosis. Recent studies indicate the critical role of AT2 cell senescence during the onset and progression of RIPF. In addition, clearance of senescent AT2 cells and treatment with senolytic drugs efficiently improve lung function and radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis symptoms. These findings indicate that AT2 cell senescence has the potential to contribute significantly to the innovative treatment of fibrotic lung disorders. This review summarizes the current knowledge from basic and clinical research about the mechanism and functions of AT2 cell senescence in RIPF and points to the prospects for clinical treatment by targeting senescent AT2 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shenghui Zhou
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China,Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, AMMS, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaojiao Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, AMMS, Beijing, China
| | - Ping-Kun Zhou
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China,Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, AMMS, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Yongqing Gu, ; Ping-Kun Zhou,
| | - Yongqing Gu
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China,Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, AMMS, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Yongqing Gu, ; Ping-Kun Zhou,
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Udomsinprasert W, Sobhonslidsuk A, Jittikoon J, Honsawek S, Chaikledkaew U. Cellular senescence in liver fibrosis: Implications for age-related chronic liver diseases. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2021; 25:799-813. [PMID: 34632912 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2021.1992385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION New insights indicate a causative link between cellular senescence and liver fibrosis. Senescent hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) facilitate fibrosis resolution, while senescence in hepatocytes and cholangiocytes acts as a potent mechanism driving liver fibrogenesis. In many clinical studies, telomeres and mitochondrial DNA contents, which are both aging biomarkers, were reportedly associated with a degree of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic liver diseases (CLDs); this highlights their potential as biomarkers for liver fibrogenesis. A deeper understanding of mechanisms underlying multi-step progression of senescence may yield new therapeutic strategies for age-related chronic liver pathologies. AREAS COVERED This review examines the recent findings from preclinical and clinical studies on mechanisms of senescence in liver fibrogenesis and its involvement in liver fibrosis. A comprehensive literature search in electronic databases consisting of PubMed and Scopus from inception to 31 August 2021 was performed. EXPERT OPINION Cellular senescence has diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic potential in progressive liver complications, especially liver fibrosis. Stimulating or reinforcing the immune response against senescent cells may be a promising and forthright biotherapeutic strategy. This approach will need a deeper understanding of the immune system's ability to eliminate senescent cells and the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Abhasnee Sobhonslidsuk
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jiraphun Jittikoon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sittisak Honsawek
- Department of Biochemistry, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeleton Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Usa Chaikledkaew
- Social and Administrative Pharmacy Division, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Mahidol University Health Technology Assessment (MUHTA) Graduate Program, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fujita M, Sasada M, Eguchi M, Iyoda T, Okuyama S, Osawa T, Tsuzuranuki K, Sakamoto M, Hagihara Y, Matsumura M, Osada S, Kodama H, Higami Y, Fukai F. Induction of cellular senescence in fibroblasts through β1-integrin activation by tenascin-C-derived peptide and its protumor effect. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:4364-4379. [PMID: 34659892 PMCID: PMC8493383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Tenascin-C is upregulated during inflammation and tumorigenesis, and its expression level is correlated with a poor prognosis in several malignancies. Nevertheless, the substantial role of tenascin-C in cancer progression is poorly understood. Previously, we found that a peptide derived from tenascin-C, termed TNIIIA2, acts directly on tumor cells to activate β1-integrin and induce malignant progression. Here, we show that β1-integrin activation by TNIIIA2 in human fibroblasts indirectly contributes to cancer progression through the induction of cellular senescence. Prolonged treatment of fibroblasts with TNIIIA2 induced cellular senescence, as characterized by the suppression of cell growth and the induction of senescence-associated-β-galactosidase and p16INK4a expression. The production of reactive oxygen species and subsequent DNA damage were responsible for the TNIIIA2-induced senescence of fibroblasts. Interestingly, peptide FNIII14, which inactivates β1-integrin, inhibited fibroblast senescence induced not only by TNIIIA2 but also by H2O2, suggesting that β1-integrin activation plays a critical role in the induction of senescence in fibroblasts. Moreover, TNIIIA2-induced senescent fibroblasts secreted heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF), which caused preneoplastic epithelial HaCaT cells to acquire malignant properties, including colony-forming and focus-forming abilities. Thus, our study demonstrates that tenascin-C-derived peptide TNIIIA2 induces cellular senescence in fibroblasts through β1-integrin activation, causing cancer progression via the secretion of humoral factors such as HB-EGF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Motomichi Fujita
- Department of Molecular Patho-Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of ScienceChiba, Japan
| | - Manabu Sasada
- Department of Molecular Patho-Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of ScienceChiba, Japan
- Clinical Research Center in Hiroshima, Hiroshima University HospitalHiroshima, Japan
| | - Mayu Eguchi
- Department of Molecular Patho-Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of ScienceChiba, Japan
| | - Takuya Iyoda
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-Onoda City UniversityYamaguchi, Japan
| | - Shin Okuyama
- Department of Molecular Patho-Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of ScienceChiba, Japan
| | - Takuro Osawa
- Department of Molecular Patho-Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of ScienceChiba, Japan
| | - Kenta Tsuzuranuki
- Department of Molecular Patho-Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of ScienceChiba, Japan
| | - Mamoru Sakamoto
- Department of Molecular Patho-Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of ScienceChiba, Japan
| | - Yu Hagihara
- Department of Molecular Patho-Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of ScienceChiba, Japan
| | - Masaki Matsumura
- Department of Molecular Patho-Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of ScienceChiba, Japan
| | - Satoshi Osada
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Saga UniversitySaga, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kodama
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Saga UniversitySaga, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Higami
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of ScienceChiba, Japan
| | - Fumio Fukai
- Department of Molecular Patho-Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of ScienceChiba, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rocha A, Dalgarno A, Neretti N. The functional impact of nuclear reorganization in cellular senescence. Brief Funct Genomics 2021; 21:24-34. [PMID: 33755107 PMCID: PMC8789270 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elab012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is the irreversible cell cycle arrest in response to DNA damage. Because senescent cells accumulate with age and contribute to chronic inflammation, they are promising therapeutic targets for healthspan extension. The senescent phenotype can vary depending on cell type and on the specific insults that induce senescence. This variability is also reflected in the extensive remodeling of the genome organization within the nucleus of senescent cells. Here, we give an overview of the nuclear changes that occur in different forms of senescence, including changes to chromatin state and composition and to the three-dimensional organization of the genome, as well as alterations to the nuclear envelope and to the accessibility of repetitive genomic regions. Many of these changes are shared across all forms of senescence, implicating nuclear organization as a fundamental driver of the senescent state and of how senescent cells interact with the surrounding tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azucena Rocha
- Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry program at Brown University
| | - Audrey Dalgarno
- Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry program at Brown University
| | - Nicola Neretti
- Associate Professor in the Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry at Brown University
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tong Y, Wang S. Not All Stressors Are Equal: Mechanism of Stressors on RPE Cell Degeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:591067. [PMID: 33330470 PMCID: PMC7710875 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.591067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of irreversible blindness among the elderly population. Dysfunction and degeneration of the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) layer in the retina underscore the pathogenesis of both dry and wet AMD. Advanced age, cigarette smoke and genetic factors have been found to be the prominent risk factors for AMD, which point to an important role for oxidative stress and aging in AMD pathogenesis. However, the mechanisms whereby oxidative stress and aging lead to RPE cell degeneration are still unclear. As cell senescence and cell death are the major outcomes from oxidative stress and aging, here we review the mechanisms of RPE cell senescence and different kinds of cell death, including apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, with an aim to clarify how RPE cell degeneration could occur in response to AMD-related stresses, including H2O2, 4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), N-retinylidene-N-retinyl-ethanolamine (A2E), Alu RNA and amyloid β (Aβ). Besides those, sodium iodate (NaIO3) induced RPE cell degeneration is also discussed in this review. Although NaIO3 itself is not related to AMD, this line of study would help understand the mechanism of RPE degeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Tong
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Shusheng Wang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Effect of Antioxidants on the Fibroblast Replicative Lifespan In Vitro. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:6423783. [PMID: 33029282 PMCID: PMC7530501 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6423783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Replicative senescence is an unalterable growth arrest of primary cells in the culture system. It has been reported that aging in vivo is related to the limited replicative capacity that normal somatic cells show in vitro. If oxidative damage contributes to the lifespan limitation, antioxidants are expected to extend the replicative lifespan of fibroblasts. This article critically reviews the results of experiments devoted to this problem performed within the last decades under conditions of in vitro culture. The results of studied are heterogeneous, some papers showing no effects of antioxidants; most finding limited enhancement of reproductive capacity of fibroblasts, some reporting a significant extension of replicative lifespan (RLS). Both natural and synthetic antioxidants were found to extend the RLS of fibroblasts, either by a direct antioxidant effect or, indirectly, by activation of signaling pathways and activation of proteasomes or hormetic effects. Most significant prolongation of RLS was reported so far for nicotinamide, N-hydroxylamines, carnosine and Methylene Blue. These results may be of importance for the design of skin-protecting cosmetics.
Collapse
|
9
|
banimohamad-shotorbani B, Kahroba H, Sadeghzadeh H, Wilson DM, Maadi H, Samadi N, Hejazi MS, Farajpour H, Onari BN, Sadeghi MR. DNA damage repair response in mesenchymal stromal cells: From cellular senescence and aging to apoptosis and differentiation ability. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 62:101125. [PMID: 32683038 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are heterogeneous and contain several populations, including stem cells. MSCs' secretome has the ability to induce proliferation, differentiation, chemo-attraction, anti-apoptosis, and immunomodulation activities in stem cells. Moreover, these cells recognize tissue damage caused by drugs, radiation (e.g., Ultraviolet, infra-red) and oxidative stress, and respond in two ways: either MSCs differentiate into particular cell lineages to preserve tissue homeostasis, or they release a regenerative secretome to activate tissue repairing mechanisms. The maintenance of MSCs in quiescence can increase the incidence and accumulation of various forms of genomic modifications, particularly upon environmental insults. Thus, dysregulated DNA repair pathways can predispose MSCs to senescence or apoptosis, reducing their stemness and self-renewal properties. For instance, DNA damage can impair telomere replication, activating DNA damage checkpoints to maintain MSC function. In this review, we aim to summarize the role of DNA damage and associated repair responses in MSC senescence, differentiation and programmed cell death.
Collapse
|
10
|
Malaquin N, Olivier MA, Martinez A, Nadeau S, Sawchyn C, Coppé JP, Cardin G, Mallette FA, Campisi J, Rodier F. Non-canonical ATM/MRN activities temporally define the senescence secretory program. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e50718. [PMID: 32785991 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202050718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Senescent cells display senescence-associated (SA) phenotypic programs such as stable proliferation arrest (SAPA) and a secretory phenotype (SASP). Senescence-inducing persistent DNA double-strand breaks (pDSBs) cause an immediate DNA damage response (DDR) and SAPA, but the SASP requires days to develop. Here, we show that following the immediate canonical DDR, a delayed chromatin accumulation of the ATM and MRN complexes coincides with the expression of SASP factors. Importantly, histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) trigger SAPA and SASP in the absence of DNA damage. However, HDACi-induced SASP also requires ATM/MRN activities and causes their accumulation on chromatin, revealing a DNA damage-independent, non-canonical DDR activity that underlies SASP maturation. This non-canonical DDR is required for the recruitment of the transcription factor NF-κB on chromatin but not for its nuclear translocation. Non-canonical DDR further does not require ATM kinase activity, suggesting structural ATM functions. We propose that delayed chromatin recruitment of SASP modulators is the result of non-canonical DDR signaling that ensures SASP activation only in the context of senescence and not in response to transient DNA damage-induced proliferation arrest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Christina Sawchyn
- Chromatin Structure and Cellular Senescence Research Unit, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Frédérick A Mallette
- Chromatin Structure and Cellular Senescence Research Unit, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Judith Campisi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Buck Institute for Age Research, Novato, CA, USA
| | - Francis Rodier
- CRCHUM et Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Radiology, Radio-Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rafatian G, Kamkar M, Parent S, Michie C, Risha Y, Molgat ASD, Seymour R, Suuronen EJ, Davis DR. Mybl2 rejuvenates heart explant-derived cells from aged donors after myocardial infarction. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13174. [PMID: 32558221 PMCID: PMC7433005 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
While cell therapy is emerging as a promising option for patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM), the influence of advanced donor age and a history of ischemic injury on the reparative performance of these cells are not well defined. As such, intrinsic changes that result from advanced donor age and ischemia are explored in hopes of identifying a molecular candidate capable of restoring the lost reparative potency of heart explant‐derived cells (EDCs) used in cell therapy. EDCs were cultured from myocardial biopsies obtained from young or old mice 4 weeks after randomization to experimental myocardial infarction or no intervention. Advanced donor age reduces cell yield while increasing cell senescence and the secretion of senescence‐associated cytokines. A history of ischemic injury magnifies these effects as cells are more senescent and have lower antioxidant reserves. Consistent with these effects, intramyocardial injection of EDCs from aged ischemic donors provided less cell‐mediated cardiac repair. A transcriptome comparison of ICM EDCs shows aging modifies many of the pathways responsible for effective cell cycle control and DNA damage/repair. Over‐expression of the barely explored antisenescent transcription factor, Mybl2, in EDCs from aged ICM donors reduces cell senescence while conferring salutary effects on antioxidant activity and paracrine production. In vivo, we observed an increase in cell retention and vasculogenesis after treatment with Mybl2‐over‐expressing EDCs which improved heart function in infarcted recipient hearts. In conclusion, Mybl2 over‐expression rejuvenates senescent EDCs sourced from aged ICM donors to confer cell‐mediated effects comparable to cells from young nonischemic donors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Rafatian
- Department of Cellular and Molecular MedicineUniversity of Ottawa Ottawa ON Canada
- Division of CardiologyUniversity of Ottawa Heart Institute Ottawa ON Canada
| | - Maryam Kamkar
- Division of CardiologyUniversity of Ottawa Heart Institute Ottawa ON Canada
| | - Sandrine Parent
- Department of Cellular and Molecular MedicineUniversity of Ottawa Ottawa ON Canada
- Division of CardiologyUniversity of Ottawa Heart Institute Ottawa ON Canada
| | - Connor Michie
- Department of Cellular and Molecular MedicineUniversity of Ottawa Ottawa ON Canada
- Division of CardiologyUniversity of Ottawa Heart Institute Ottawa ON Canada
| | - Yousef Risha
- Division of CardiologyUniversity of Ottawa Heart Institute Ottawa ON Canada
| | - André S. D. Molgat
- Division of CardiologyUniversity of Ottawa Heart Institute Ottawa ON Canada
| | - Richard Seymour
- Division of CardiologyUniversity of Ottawa Heart Institute Ottawa ON Canada
| | - Erik J. Suuronen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular MedicineUniversity of Ottawa Ottawa ON Canada
- Division of Cardiac SurgeryUniversity of Ottawa Heart Institute Ottawa ON Canada
| | - Darryl R. Davis
- Department of Cellular and Molecular MedicineUniversity of Ottawa Ottawa ON Canada
- Division of CardiologyUniversity of Ottawa Heart Institute Ottawa ON Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Liu P, Lu Z, Wu Y, Shang D, Zhao Z, Shen Y, Zhang Y, Zhu F, Liu H, Tu Z. Cellular Senescence-Inducing Small Molecules for Cancer Treatment. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2020; 19:109-119. [PMID: 29848278 DOI: 10.2174/1568009618666180530092825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the chemotherapeutic drug-induced cellular senescence has been considered a promising anti-cancer approach. The drug-induced senescence, which shows both similar and different hallmarks from replicative and oncogene-induced senescence, was regarded as a key determinant of tumor response to chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo. To date, an amount of effective chemotherapeutic drugs that can evoke senescence in cancer cells have been reported. The targets of these drugs differ substantially, including senescence signaling pathways, DNA replication process, DNA damage pathways, epigenetic modifications, microtubule polymerization, senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), and so on. By summarizing senescence-inducing small molecule drugs together with their specific traits and corresponding mechanisms, this review is devoted to inform scientists to develop novel therapeutic strategies against cancer through inducing senescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Ziwen Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Yanfang Wu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Dongsheng Shang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.,School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Zhicong Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Yanting Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Yafei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Feifei Zhu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Hanqing Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Zhigang Tu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang B, Kohli J, Demaria M. Senescent Cells in Cancer Therapy: Friends or Foes? Trends Cancer 2020; 6:838-857. [PMID: 32482536 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2020.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Several cancer interventions induce DNA damage and promote senescence in cancer and nonmalignant cells. Senescent cells secrete a collection of proinflammatory factors collectively termed the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). SASP factors are able to potentiate various aspects of tumorigenesis, including proliferation, metastasis, and immunosuppression. Moreover, the accumulation and persistence of therapy-induced senescent cells can promote tissue dysfunction and the early onset of various age-related symptoms in treated cancer patients. Here, we review in detail the mechanisms by which cellular senescence contributes to cancer development and the side effects of cancer therapies. We also review how pharmacological interventions to eliminate senescent cells or inhibit SASP production can mitigate these negative effects and propose therapeutic strategies based on the age of the patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boshi Wang
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jaskaren Kohli
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Demaria
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mavrogonatou E, Pratsinis H, Kletsas D. The role of senescence in cancer development. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 62:182-191. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
15
|
Abstract
Life expectancy has increased substantially over the last few decades, leading to a worldwide increase in the prevalence and burden of aging-associated diseases. Recent evidence has proven that cellular senescence contributes substantially to the development of these disorders. Cellular senescence is a state of cell cycle arrest with suppressed apoptosis and concomitant secretion of multiple bioactive factors (the senescence-associated secretory phenotype-SASP) that plays a physiological role in embryonic development and healing processes. However, DNA damage and oxidative stress that occur during aging cause the accumulation of senescent cells, which through their SASP bring about deleterious effects on multiple organ and systemic functions. Ablation of senescent cells through genetic or pharmacological means leads to improved life span and health span in animal models, and preliminary evidence suggests it may also have a positive impact on human health. Thus, strategies to reduce or eliminate the burden of senescent cells or their products have the potential to impact multiple clinical outcomes with a single intervention. In this review, we touch upon the basics of cell senescence and summarize the current state of development of therapies against cell senescence for human use.
Collapse
|
16
|
PRMT7 methylates and suppresses GLI2 binding to SUFU thereby promoting its activation. Cell Death Differ 2019; 27:15-28. [PMID: 31000813 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-019-0334-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is implicated in aging or age-related diseases. Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling, an inducer of embryonic development, has recently been demonstrated to inhibit cellular senescence. However, the detailed mechanisms to activate Shh signaling to prevent senescence is not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that Protein arginine methyltransferase 7 (PRMT7) promotes Shh signaling via GLI2 methylation which is critical for suppression of cellular senescence. PRMT7-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) exhibited a premature cellular senescence with accompanied increase in the cell cycle inhibitors p16 and p21. PRMT7 depletion results in reduced Shh signaling activity in MEFs while PRMT7 overexpression enhances GLI2-reporter activities that are sensitive to methylation inhibition. PRMT7 interacts with and methylates GLI2 on arginine residues 225 and 227 nearby a binding region of SUFU, a negative regulator of GLI2. This methylation interferes with GLI2-SUFU binding, leading to facilitation of GLI2 nuclear accumulation and Shh signaling. Taken together, these data suggest that PRMT7 induces GLI2 methylation, reducing its binding to SUFU and increasing Shh signaling, ultimately leading to prevention of cellular senescence.
Collapse
|
17
|
Pignolo RJ, Samsonraj RM, Law SF, Wang H, Chandra A. Targeting Cell Senescence for the Treatment of Age-Related Bone Loss. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2019; 17:70-85. [PMID: 30806947 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-019-00504-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We review cell senescence in the context of age-related bone loss by broadly discussing aging mechanisms in bone, currently known inducers and markers of senescence, the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), and the emerging roles of senescence in bone homeostasis and pathology. RECENT FINDINGS Cellular senescence is a state of irreversible cell cycle arrest induced by insults or stressors including telomere attrition, oxidative stress, DNA damage, oncogene activation, and other intrinsic or extrinsic triggers and there is mounting evidence for the role of senescence in aging bone. Cellular aging also instigates a SASP that exerts detrimental paracrine and likely systemic effects. With aging, multiple cell types in the bone microenvironment become senescent, with osteocytes and myeloid cells as primary contributors to the SASP. Targeting undesired senescent cells may be a favorable strategy to promote bone anabolic and anti-resorptive functions in aging bone, with the possibility of improving bone quality and function with normal aging and/or disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Pignolo
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Division of Geriatric Medicine & Gerontology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | | | - Susan F Law
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Haitao Wang
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Geriatric Medicine & Gerontology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Abhishek Chandra
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Geriatric Medicine & Gerontology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Moujaber O, Fishbein F, Omran N, Liang Y, Colmegna I, Presley JF, Stochaj U. Cellular senescence is associated with reorganization of the microtubule cytoskeleton. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:1169-1183. [PMID: 30599068 PMCID: PMC11105446 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2999-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Senescent cells undergo structural and functional changes that affect essentially every aspect of cell physiology. To date, the impact of senescence on the cytoskeleton is poorly understood. This study evaluated the cytoskeleton in two independent cellular models of kidney epithelium senescence. Our work identified multiple senescence-related alterations that impact microtubules and filamentous actin during interphase. Both filamentous systems reorganized profoundly when cells became senescent. As such, microtubule stability increased during senescence, making these filaments more resistant to disassembly in the cold or by nocodazole. Microtubule stabilization was accompanied by enhanced α-tubulin acetylation on lysine 40 and the depletion of HDAC6, the major deacetylase for α-tubulin lysine 40. Rho-associated kinase Rock1 is an upstream regulator that modulates key properties of the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton. Our research shows that Rock1 concentrations were reduced significantly in senescent cells, and we revealed a mechanistic link between microtubule stabilization and Rock1 depletion. Thus, Rock1 overexpression partially restored the cold sensitivity of microtubules in cells undergoing senescence. Additional components relevant to microtubules were affected by senescence. Specifically, we uncovered the senescence-related loss of the microtubule nucleating protein γ-tubulin and aberrant formation of γ-tubulin foci. Concomitant with the alterations of microtubule and actin filaments, senescent cells displayed functional changes. In particular, cell migration was impaired significantly in senescent cells. Taken together, our study identified new senescence-associated deficiencies of the microtubule and actin cytoskeleton, provided insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms and demonstrated functional consequences that are important to the physiology and function of renal epithelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ossama Moujaber
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Nawal Omran
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Yue Liang
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Inés Colmegna
- Department of Rheumatology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - John F Presley
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ursula Stochaj
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Felisbino MB, McKinsey TA. Epigenetics in Cardiac Fibrosis: Emphasis on Inflammation and Fibroblast Activation. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2018; 3:704-715. [PMID: 30456341 PMCID: PMC6234501 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chemical modifications to nucleosomal DNA and histone tails greatly influence transcription of adjacent and distant genes, a mode of gene regulation referred to as epigenetic control. Here, the authors summarize recent findings that have illustrated crucial roles for epigenetic regulatory enzymes and reader proteins in the control of cardiac fibrosis. Particular emphasis is placed on epigenetic regulation of stress-induced inflammation and fibroblast activation in the heart. The potential of developing innovative small molecule "epigenetic therapies" to combat cardiac fibrosis is highlighted.
Collapse
Key Words
- Ang II, angiotensin II
- BET, bromodomain and extraterminal protein
- DNMT, DNA methyltransferase
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- HAT, histone acetyltransferase
- HDAC, histone deacetylase
- IL, interleukin
- KDM, lysine demethylase
- KMT, lysine methyltransferase
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- MI, myocardial infarction
- NF-κB, nuclear factor-κB
- SASP, senescent-associated secretory phenotype
- SE, super-enhancer
- SMA, smooth muscle actin
- TET, ten-eleven translocation
- TNF, tumor necrosis factor
- TSA, trichostatin A
- Treg, regulatory T cell
- VPA, valproic acid
- epigenetics
- fibroblast
- fibrosis
- inflammation
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina B Felisbino
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Timothy A McKinsey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Conditioned medium derived from rat amniotic epithelial cells confers protection against inflammation, cancer, and senescence. Oncotarget 2018; 7:39051-39064. [PMID: 27259996 PMCID: PMC5129913 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) are a class of fetal stem cells that derives from the epiblast and resides in the amnion until birth. AECs are suitable candidates for regenerative medicine because of the ease of collection, their low immunogenicity and inability to form tumors after transplantation. Even though human AECs have been widely investigated, the fact remains that very little is known about AECs isolated from rat, one of the most common animal models in medical testing. In this study, we showed that rat AECs retained stemness properties and plasticity, expressed the pluripotency markers Sox2, Nanog, and Oct4 and were able to differentiate toward the osteogenic lineage. The addition of conditioned medium collected from rat AECs to lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages elicited anti-inflammatory properties through a decrease of Tnfa expression and slowed tumor cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype was also significantly lower upon incubation of senescent human IMR-90 fibroblast cells with conditioned medium from rat AECs. These results confirm the potential of AECs in the modulation of inflammatory mechanisms and open new therapeutic possibilities for regenerative medicine and anti-aging therapies as well.
Collapse
|
21
|
Saitou M, Lizardo DY, Taskent RO, Millner A, Gokcumen O, Atilla-Gokcumen GE. An evolutionary transcriptomics approach links CD36 to membrane remodeling in replicative senescence. Mol Omics 2018; 14:237-246. [DOI: 10.1039/c8mo00099a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
CD36 was identified as a core replicative senescence gene and a potential mediator of this process through membrane remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Saitou
- Department of Biological Sciences
- University at Buffalo
- The State University of New York
- Buffalo
- USA
| | - Darleny Y. Lizardo
- Department of Chemistry
- University at Buffalo
- The State University of New York
- Buffalo
- USA
| | - Recep Ozgur Taskent
- Department of Biological Sciences
- University at Buffalo
- The State University of New York
- Buffalo
- USA
| | - Alec Millner
- Department of Chemistry
- University at Buffalo
- The State University of New York
- Buffalo
- USA
| | - Omer Gokcumen
- Department of Biological Sciences
- University at Buffalo
- The State University of New York
- Buffalo
- USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
Cellular senescence has emerged as a potent tumor suppression mechanism that restrains proliferation of cells at risk for malignant transformation. Although senescent cells have permanently exited the cell cycle, their presence can have detrimental effects on the surrounding tissue, largely due to the development of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Here, we review the tumor-suppressive and tumor-promoting consequences of the senescence response, focusing on the SASP as a key mediator of this dichotomy. Accumulating evidence suggests that the persistence of senescent cells can exacerbate the development of a pro-inflammatory, immunosuppressive microenvironment that can favor tumorigenesis. Given that senescence of tumor and stromal cells is a frequent outcome of anti-cancer therapy, approaches that harness the growth inhibitory effects of senescence while limiting its detrimental effects are likely to have great clinical potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Hinds
- Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Jodie Pietruska
- Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mavrogonatou E, Pratsinis H, Papadopoulou A, Karamanos NK, Kletsas D. Extracellular matrix alterations in senescent cells and their significance in tissue homeostasis. Matrix Biol 2017; 75-76:27-42. [PMID: 29066153 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Normal cells after a defined number of successive divisions or after exposure to genotoxic stresses are becoming senescent, characterized by a permanent growth arrest. In addition, they secrete increased levels of pro-inflammatory and catabolic mediators, collectively termed "senescence-associated secretory phenotype". Furthermore, senescent cells exhibit an altered expression and organization of many extracellular matrix components, leading to specific remodeling of their microenvironment. In this review we present the current knowledge on extracellular matrix alterations associated with cellular senescence and critically discuss certain characteristic examples, highlighting the ambiguous role of senescent cells in the homeostasis of various tissues under both normal and pathologic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Mavrogonatou
- Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Ageing, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
| | - Harris Pratsinis
- Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Ageing, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
| | - Adamantia Papadopoulou
- Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Ageing, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
| | - Nikos K Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Dimitris Kletsas
- Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Ageing, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
SIPS as a model to study age-related changes in proteolysis and aggregate formation. Mech Ageing Dev 2017; 170:72-81. [PMID: 28755850 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Aging is accompanied by the accumulation of cellular damage over time in response to stress, lifestyle and environmental factors ultimately leading to age-related diseases and death. Additionally, the number of senescent cells increases with age. Senescence is most likely not a static endpoint, it represents a series of hallmarks including morphological changes, alterations in protein turnover and accumulation of protein aggregates. The importance of protein oxidation and aggregate accumulation in the progression of aging is not yet fully understood and research to what extent the accumulation of oxidized proteins has an effect on senescence and the aging process is still ongoing. To study the mechanisms of aging, the impact of senescence and the role of protein aggregates on the aging process, cell culture models are useful tools. Most notably stress induced premature senescence (SIPS) models have contributed to the identification of mechanisms involved in the aging process and helped unravel the age-related changes in proteolysis and the importance of protein aggregation. Here we review characteristics of replicative and premature senescence, how to induce most frequently used senescence models and gained knowledge on age-related changes in the major proteolytic systems.
Collapse
|
25
|
Chandrasekaran A, Idelchik MDPS, Melendez JA. Redox control of senescence and age-related disease. Redox Biol 2017; 11:91-102. [PMID: 27889642 PMCID: PMC5126126 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The signaling networks that drive the aging process, associated functional deterioration, and pathologies has captured the scientific community's attention for decades. While many theories exist to explain the aging process, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) provides a signaling link between engagement of cellular senescence and several age-associated pathologies. Cellular senescence has evolved to restrict tumor progression but the accompanying senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) promotes pathogenic pathways. Here, we review known biological theories of aging and how ROS mechanistically control senescence and the aging process. We also describe the redox-regulated signaling networks controlling the SASP and its important role in driving age-related diseases. Finally, we discuss progress in designing therapeutic strategies that manipulate the cellular redox environment to restrict age-associated pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akshaya Chandrasekaran
- SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, 257 Fuller Road, Albany, NY 12203, USA
| | | | - J Andrés Melendez
- SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, 257 Fuller Road, Albany, NY 12203, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
McCulloch K, Litherland GJ, Rai TS. Cellular senescence in osteoarthritis pathology. Aging Cell 2017; 16:210-218. [PMID: 28124466 PMCID: PMC5334539 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a state of stable proliferation arrest of cells. The senescence pathway has many beneficial effects and is seen to be activated in damaged/stressed cells, as well as during embryonic development and wound healing. However, the persistence and accumulation of senescent cells in various tissues can also impair function and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of many age‐related diseases. Osteoarthritis (OA), a severely debilitating chronic condition characterized by progressive tissue remodeling and loss of joint function, is the most prevalent disease of the synovial joints, and increasing age is the primary OA risk factor. The profile of inflammatory and catabolic mediators present during the pathogenesis of OA is strikingly similar to the secretory profile observed in ‘classical’ senescent cells. During OA, chondrocytes (the sole cell type present within articular cartilage) exhibit increased levels of various senescence markers, such as senescence‐associated beta‐galactosidase (SAβGal) activity, telomere attrition, and accumulation of p16ink4a. This suggests the hypothesis that senescence of cells within joint tissues may play a pathological role in the causation of OA. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms by which senescent cells may predispose synovial joints to the development and/or progression of OA, as well as touching upon various epigenetic alterations associated with both OA and senescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kendal McCulloch
- Institute of Biomedical and Environmental Health Research; University of the West of Scotland; Paisley PA1 2BE UK
| | - Gary J. Litherland
- Institute of Biomedical and Environmental Health Research; University of the West of Scotland; Paisley PA1 2BE UK
| | - Taranjit Singh Rai
- Institute of Biomedical and Environmental Health Research; University of the West of Scotland; Paisley PA1 2BE UK
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Petrova NV, Velichko AK, Razin SV, Kantidze OL. Small molecule compounds that induce cellular senescence. Aging Cell 2016; 15:999-1017. [PMID: 27628712 PMCID: PMC6398529 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, dozens of stress‐induced cellular senescence phenotypes have been reported. These cellular senescence states may differ substantially from each other, as well as from replicative senescence through the presence of specific senescence features. Here, we attempted to catalog virtually all of the cellular senescence‐like states that can be induced by low molecular weight compounds. We summarized biological markers, molecular pathways involved in senescence establishment, and specific traits of cellular senescence states induced by more than fifty small molecule compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Artem K. Velichko
- Institute of Gene Biology RAS 34/5 Vavilova Street 119334 Moscow Russia
| | - Sergey V. Razin
- Institute of Gene Biology RAS 34/5 Vavilova Street 119334 Moscow Russia
- Department of Molecular Biology Lomonosov Moscow State University 119991 Moscow Russia
- LIA 1066 French‐Russian Joint Cancer Research Laboratory 94805 Villejuif France
| | - Omar L. Kantidze
- Institute of Gene Biology RAS 34/5 Vavilova Street 119334 Moscow Russia
- LIA 1066 French‐Russian Joint Cancer Research Laboratory 94805 Villejuif France
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Montagud-Romero S, Montesinos J, Pascual M, Aguilar MA, Roger-Sanchez C, Guerri C, Miñarro J, Rodríguez-Arias M. `Up-regulation of histone acetylation induced by social defeat mediates the conditioned rewarding effects of cocaine. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2016; 70:39-48. [PMID: 27180319 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2016.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Social defeat (SD) induces a long-lasting increase in the rewarding effects of psychostimulants measured using the self-administration and conditioned place procedures (CPP). However, little is known about the epigenetic changes induced by social stress and about their role in the increased response to the rewarding effects of psychostimulants. Considering that histone acetylation regulates transcriptional activity and contributes to drug-induced behavioral changes, we addressed the hypothesis that SD induces transcriptional changes by histone modifications associated with the acquisition of place conditioning. After a fourth defeat, H3(K9) acetylation was decreased in the hippocampus, while there was an increase of HAT and a decrease of HDAC levels in the cortex. Three weeks after the last defeat, mice displayed an increase in histone H4(K12) acetylation and an upregulation of histone acetyl transferase (HAT) activity in the hippocampus. In addition, H3(K4)me3, which is closely associated with transcriptional initiation, was also augmented in the hippocampus three weeks after the last defeat. Inhibition of HAT by curcumin (100mg/kg) before each SD blocked the increase in the conditioned reinforcing effects of 1mg/kg of cocaine, while inhibition of HDAC by valproic acid (500mg/kg) before social stress potentiated cocaine-induced CPP. Preference was reinstated when animals received a priming dose of 0.5mg/kg of cocaine, an effect that was absent in untreated defeated mice. These results suggest that the experience of SD induces chromatin remodeling, alters histone acetylation and methylation, and modifies the effects of cocaine on place conditioning. They also point to epigenetic mechanisms as potential avenues leading to new treatments for the long-term effects of social stress on drug addiction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Montagud-Romero
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - J Montesinos
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathology of Alcohol, Príncipe Felipe Research Center, C/Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 3, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - M Pascual
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathology of Alcohol, Príncipe Felipe Research Center, C/Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 3, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - M A Aguilar
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - C Roger-Sanchez
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - C Guerri
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathology of Alcohol, Príncipe Felipe Research Center, C/Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 3, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - J Miñarro
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - M Rodríguez-Arias
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Panebianco C, Oben JA, Vinciguerra M, Pazienza V. Senescence in hepatic stellate cells as a mechanism of liver fibrosis reversal: a putative synergy between retinoic acid and PPAR-gamma signalings. Clin Exp Med 2016; 17:269-280. [PMID: 27655446 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-016-0438-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), also known as perisinusoidal cells, are pericytes found in the perisinusoidal space of the liver. HSCs are the major cell type involved in liver fibrosis, which is the formation of scar tissue in response to liver damage. When the liver is damaged, stellate cells can shift into an activated state, characterized by proliferation, contractility and chemotaxis. The activated HSCs secrete collagen scar tissue, which can lead to cirrhosis. Recent studies have shown that in vivo activation of HSCs by fibrogenic agents can eventually lead to senescence of these cells, which would contribute to reversal of fibrosis although it may also favor the insurgence of liver cancer. HSCs in their non-active form store huge amounts of retinoic acid derivatives in lipid droplets, which are progressively depleted upon cell activation in injured liver. Retinoic acid is a metabolite of vitamin A (retinol) that mediates the functions of vitamin A, generally required for growth and development. The precise function of retinoic acid and its alterations in HSCs has yet to be elucidated, and nonetheless in various cell types retinoic acid and its receptors (RAR and RXR) are known to act synergistically with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) signaling through the activity of transcriptional heterodimers. Here, we review the recent advancements in the understanding of how retinoic acid signaling modulates the fibrogenic potential of HSCs and proposes a synergistic combined action with PPAR-gamma in the reversal of liver fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Panebianco
- Gastroenterology Unit, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, Viale dei Cappuccini, 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Jude A Oben
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Royal Free Hospital, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - Manlio Vinciguerra
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Royal Free Hospital, University College London (UCL), London, UK.,Center for Translational Medicine (CTM), International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic.,Centro Studi Fegato (CSF)-Liver Research Center, Fondazione Italiana Fegato, Trieste, Italy
| | - Valerio Pazienza
- Gastroenterology Unit, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, Viale dei Cappuccini, 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Parry AJ, Narita M. Old cells, new tricks: chromatin structure in senescence. Mamm Genome 2016; 27:320-31. [PMID: 27021489 PMCID: PMC4935760 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-016-9628-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a stable form of cell cycle arrest with roles in many pathophysiological processes including development, tissue repair, cancer, and aging. Senescence does not represent a single entity but rather a heterogeneous phenotype that depends on the trigger and cell type of origin. Such heterogeneous features include alterations to chromatin structure and epigenetic states. New technologies are beginning to unravel the distinct mechanisms regulating chromatin structure during senescence. Here, we describe the multiple levels of chromatin organization associated with senescence: global and focal, linear, and higher order.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aled John Parry
- Li Ka Shing Centre, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE UK
| | - Masashi Narita
- Li Ka Shing Centre, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE UK
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Senescence in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Functional Changes and Implications in Stem Cell-Based Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17071164. [PMID: 27447618 PMCID: PMC4964536 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 312] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine is extensively interested in developing cell therapies using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), with applications to several aging-associated diseases. For successful therapies, a substantial number of cells are needed, requiring extensive ex vivo cell expansion. However, MSC proliferation is limited and it is quite likely that long-term culture evokes continuous changes in MSCs. Therefore, a substantial proportion of cells may undergo senescence. In the present review, we will first present the phenotypic characterization of senescent human MSCs (hMSCs) and their possible consequent functional alterations. The accumulation of oxidative stress and dysregulation of key differentiation regulatory factors determine decreased differentiation potential of senescent hMSCs. Senescent hMSCs also show a marked impairment in their migratory and homing ability. Finally, many factors present in the secretome of senescent hMSCs are able to exacerbate the inflammatory response at a systemic level, decreasing the immune modulation activity of hMSCs and promoting either proliferation or migration of cancer cells. Considering the deleterious effects that these changes could evoke, it would appear of primary importance to monitor the occurrence of senescent phenotype in clinically expanded hMSCs and to evaluate possible ways to prevent in vitro MSC senescence. An updated critical presentation of the possible strategies for in vitro senescence monitoring and prevention constitutes the second part of this review. Understanding the mechanisms that drive toward hMSC growth arrest and evaluating how to counteract these for preserving a functional stem cell pool is of fundamental importance for the development of efficient cell-based therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
|
32
|
Malaquin N, Martinez A, Rodier F. Keeping the senescence secretome under control: Molecular reins on the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Exp Gerontol 2016; 82:39-49. [PMID: 27235851 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is historically associated with cancer suppression and aging. Recently, the reach of the senescence genetic program has been extended to include the ability of senescent cells to actively participate in tissue remodelling during many physiological processes, including placental biology, embryonic patterning, wound healing, and tissue stress responses caused by cancer therapy. Besides growth arrest, a significant feature of senescent cells is their ability to modify their immediate microenvironment using a senescence-associated (SA) secretome, commonly termed the SA secretory phenotype (SASP). Among others, the SASP contains growth factors, cytokines, and extracellular proteases that modulate the majority of both the beneficial and detrimental microenvironmental phenotypes caused by senescent cells. The SASP is thus becoming an obvious pharmaceutical target to manipulate SA effects. Herein, we review known signalling pathways underlying the SASP, including the DNA damage response (DDR), stress kinases, inflammasome, alarmin, inflammation- and cell survival-related transcription factors, miRNAs, RNA stability, autophagy, chromatin components, and metabolic regulators. We also describe the SASP as a temporally regulated dynamic sub-program of senescence that can be divided into a rapid DDR-associated phase, an early self-amplification phase, and a late "mature" phase, the late phase currently being the most widely studied SASP signature. Finally, we discuss how deciphering the signalling pathways regulating the SASP reveal targets that can be manipulated to harness the SA effects to benefit therapies for cancer and other age-related pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Francis Rodier
- CRCHUM et Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Université de Montréal, Département de radiologie, radio-oncologie et médecine nucléaire, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wiley CD, Velarde MC, Lecot P, Liu S, Sarnoski EA, Freund A, Shirakawa K, Lim HW, Davis SS, Ramanathan A, Gerencser AA, Verdin E, Campisi J. Mitochondrial Dysfunction Induces Senescence with a Distinct Secretory Phenotype. Cell Metab 2016; 23:303-14. [PMID: 26686024 PMCID: PMC4749409 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2015.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 711] [Impact Index Per Article: 88.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence permanently arrests cell proliferation, often accompanied by a multi-faceted senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Loss of mitochondrial function can drive age-related declines in the function of many post-mitotic tissues, but little is known about how mitochondrial dysfunction affects mitotic tissues. We show here that several manipulations that compromise mitochondrial function in proliferating human cells induce a senescence growth arrest with a modified SASP that lacks the IL-1-dependent inflammatory arm. Cells that underwent mitochondrial dysfunction-associated senescence (MiDAS) had lower NAD+/NADH ratios, which caused both the growth arrest and prevented the IL-1-associated SASP through AMPK-mediated p53 activation. Progeroid mice that rapidly accrue mtDNA mutations accumulated senescent cells with a MiDAS SASP in vivo, which suppressed adipogenesis and stimulated keratinocyte differentiation in cell culture. Our data identify a distinct senescence response and provide a mechanism by which mitochondrial dysfunction can drive aging phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Wiley
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Michael C Velarde
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Pacome Lecot
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Su Liu
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Ethan A Sarnoski
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA; SENS Research Foundation, 110 Pioneer Way, Mountain View, CA 94041, USA
| | - Adam Freund
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Gladstone Institutes, University of California San Francisco, 1650 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Hyung W Lim
- Gladstone Institutes, University of California San Francisco, 1650 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Sonnet S Davis
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Arvind Ramanathan
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Akos A Gerencser
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Eric Verdin
- Gladstone Institutes, University of California San Francisco, 1650 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Judith Campisi
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ruhland MK, Coussens LM, Stewart SA. Senescence and cancer: An evolving inflammatory paradox. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2015; 1865:14-22. [PMID: 26453912 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The senescent phenotype was first described in 1961 as a phenomenon characterized by the cessation of cellular division. After years of debate as to whether it represented a tissue culture artifact or an important biological process, it is now appreciated that senescence plays an important role in tumorigenesis. Further, senescence is integral to normal biological processes such as embryogenesis and the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Now with defined roles in development, wound healing, tumor promotion and tumor suppression, it is not surprising that attention has turned to refining our understanding of the mechanisms behind, and consequences of, the induction of senescence. One emerging role for senescence lies in the ability of senescence to orchestrate an inflammatory response: factors secreted by senescent cells have been identified in multiple contexts to modulate various aspects of the immune response. As with many of the previously described roles for senescence, the type of inflammation established by the senescence phenotype is varied and dependent on context. In this review, we discuss the current state of the field with a focus on the paradoxical outcomes of the senescence-induced inflammatory responses in the context of cancer. A more complete understanding of senescence and an appreciation for its complexities will be important for eventual development of senescence-targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan K Ruhland
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lisa M Coussens
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
| | - Sheila A Stewart
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, ICCE Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA; Department of Medicine, ICCE Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Laberge RM, Sun Y, Orjalo AV, Patil CK, Freund A, Zhou L, Curran SC, Davalos AR, Wilson-Edell KA, Liu S, Limbad C, Demaria M, Li P, Hubbard GB, Ikeno Y, Javors M, Desprez PY, Benz CC, Kapahi P, Nelson PS, Campisi J. MTOR regulates the pro-tumorigenic senescence-associated secretory phenotype by promoting IL1A translation. Nat Cell Biol 2015; 17:1049-61. [PMID: 26147250 PMCID: PMC4691706 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 725] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The TOR (target of rapamycin) kinase limits longevity by poorly understood mechanisms. Rapamycin suppresses the mammalian TORC1 complex, which regulates translation, and extends lifespan in diverse species, including mice. We show that rapamycin selectively blunts the pro-inflammatory phenotype of senescent cells. Cellular senescence suppresses cancer by preventing cell proliferation. However, as senescent cells accumulate with age, the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) can disrupt tissues and contribute to age-related pathologies, including cancer. MTOR inhibition suppressed the secretion of inflammatory cytokines by senescent cells. Rapamycin reduced IL6 and other cytokine mRNA levels, but selectively suppressed translation of the membrane-bound cytokine IL1A. Reduced IL1A diminished NF-κB transcriptional activity, which controls much of the SASP; exogenous IL1A restored IL6 secretion to rapamycin-treated cells. Importantly, rapamycin suppressed the ability of senescent fibroblasts to stimulate prostate tumour growth in mice. Thus, rapamycin might ameliorate age-related pathologies, including late-life cancer, by suppressing senescence-associated inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu Sun
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
- Key Lab of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Arturo V. Orjalo
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California 94945, USA
| | | | - Adam Freund
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California 94945, USA
| | - Lili Zhou
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California 94945, USA
| | - Samuel C. Curran
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California 94945, USA
| | | | | | - Su Liu
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California 94945, USA
| | - Chandani Limbad
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California 94945, USA
| | - Marco Demaria
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California 94945, USA
| | - Patrick Li
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California 94945, USA
| | - Gene B. Hubbard
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229, USA
| | - Yuji Ikeno
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229, USA
- Research Service, San Antonio, Texas 78229, USA
- GRECC, Audie Murphy VA Hospital (STVHCS), San Antonio, Texas 78229, USA
| | - Martin Javors
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229, USA
| | - Pierre-Yves Desprez
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California 94945, USA
- California Pacific Medical Center, Research Institute, San Francisco, California 94107, USA
| | | | - Pankaj Kapahi
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California 94945, USA
| | - Peter S. Nelson
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Judith Campisi
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California 94945, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Saade E, Pirozhkova I, Aimbetov R, Lipinski M, Ogryzko V. Molecular turnover, the H3.3 dilemma and organismal aging (hypothesis). Aging Cell 2015; 14:322-33. [PMID: 25720734 PMCID: PMC4406661 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The H3.3 histone variant has been a subject of increasing interest in the field of chromatin studies due to its two distinguishing features. First, its incorporation into chromatin is replication independent unlike the replication-coupled deposition of its canonical counterparts H3.1/2. Second, H3.3 has been consistently associated with an active state of chromatin. In accordance, this histone variant should be expected to be causally involved in the regulation of gene expression, or more generally, its incorporation should have downstream consequences for the structure and function of chromatin. This, however, leads to an apparent paradox: In cells that slowly replicate in the organism, H3.3 will accumulate with time, opening the way to aberrant effects on heterochromatin. Here, we review the indications that H3.3 is expected both to be incorporated in the heterochromatin of slowly replicating cells and to retain its functional downstream effects. Implications for organismal aging are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evelyne Saade
- Faculty of Public Health Lebanese University LU Beirut Lebanon
| | - Iryna Pirozhkova
- Institute Gustave Roussy University Paris SUD 114, rue Edouard Vaillant Villejuif 94805France
| | - Rakhan Aimbetov
- Institute Gustave Roussy University Paris SUD 114, rue Edouard Vaillant Villejuif 94805France
| | - Marc Lipinski
- Institute Gustave Roussy University Paris SUD 114, rue Edouard Vaillant Villejuif 94805France
| | - Vasily Ogryzko
- Institute Gustave Roussy University Paris SUD 114, rue Edouard Vaillant Villejuif 94805France
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Lorenz V, Hessenkemper W, Rödiger J, Kyrylenko S, Kraft F, Baniahmad A. Sodium butyrate induces cellular senescence in neuroblastoma and prostate cancer cells. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2015; 7:265-72. [PMID: 25961265 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci.2011.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2011] [Accepted: 05/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence leads to an irreversible block of cellular division capacity both in cell culture and in vivo. The induction of an irreversible cell cycle arrest is very useful for treatment of cancer. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are considered as therapeutic targets to treat cancer patients. HDAC inhibitors repress cancer growth and are used in various clinical trials. Here, we analyzed whether sodium butyrate (NaBu), an inhibitor of class I and II HDACs, induces cellular senescence in neuroblastoma and prostate cancer (PCa) including an androgen-dependent as well as an androgen-independent human PCa cell line. We found that the HDAC inhibitors NaBu and valproic acid (VPA) induce cellular senescence in tumor cells. Interestingly, also an inhibitor of SIRT1, a class HDAC III, induces cellular senescence. Both neuroblastoma and human prostate cancer cell lines express senescence markers, such as the Senescence Associated-β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) and Senescence Associated Heterochromatin Foci (SAHF). Furthermore, NaBu down-regulates the proto-oncogenes c-Myc, Cyclin D1 and E2F1 mRNA levels. The mRNA level of the cell cycle inhibitor p16 remains unchanged whereas that of the tumor suppressor p21 is strongly up-regulated. Interestingly, NaBu treatment robustly increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. These results indicate an epigenetic regulation and an association of HDAC inhibition and ROS production with cellular senescence. The data underline that tumor cells can be driven towards cellular senescence by HDAC inhibitors, which may further arise as a potent possibility for tumor suppression.
Collapse
|
38
|
Cellular senescence: a hitchhiker’s guide. Hum Cell 2015; 28:51-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s13577-015-0110-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
39
|
Piano A, Titorenko VI. The Intricate Interplay between Mechanisms Underlying Aging and Cancer. Aging Dis 2015; 6:56-75. [PMID: 25657853 PMCID: PMC4306474 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2014.0209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Age is the major risk factor in the incidence of cancer, a hyperplastic disease associated with aging. Here, we discuss the complex interplay between mechanisms underlying aging and cancer as a reciprocal relationship. This relationship progresses with organismal age, follows the history of cell proliferation and senescence, is driven by common or antagonistic causes underlying aging and cancer in an age-dependent fashion, and is maintained via age-related convergent and divergent mechanisms. We summarize our knowledge of these mechanisms, outline the most important unanswered questions and suggest directions for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Piano
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Ham SA, Hwang JS, Kang ES, Yoo T, Lim HH, Lee WJ, Paek KS, Seo HG. Ethanol extract of Dalbergia odorifera protects skin keratinocytes against ultraviolet B-induced photoaging by suppressing production of reactive oxygen species. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2015; 79:760-6. [PMID: 25560618 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2014.993916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen (Leguminosae), an indigenous medicinal herb, has been widely used in northern and eastern Asia to treat diverse diseases. Here, we investigated the anti-senescent effects of ethanolic extracts of Dalbergia odorifera (EEDO) in ultraviolet (UV) B-irradiated skin cells. EEDO significantly inhibited UVB-induced senescence of human keratinocytes in a concentration-dependent manner, concomitant with inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. UVB-induced increases in the levels of p53 and p21, biomarkers of cellular senescence, were almost completely abolished in the presence of EEDO. Sativanone, a major constituent of EEDO, also attenuated UVB-induced senescence and ROS generation in keratinocytes, indicating that sativanone is an indexing (marker) molecule for the anti-senescence properties of EEDO. Finally, treatment of EEDO to mice exposed to UVB significantly reduced ROS levels and the number of senescent cells in the skin. Thus, EEDO confers resistance to UVB-induced cellular senescence by inhibiting ROS generation in skin cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun Ah Ham
- a Department of Animal Biotechnology , Konkuk University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Saini M, Selokar NL, Revey T, Singla SK, Chauhan MS, Palta P, Madan P. Trichostatin A alters the expression of cell cycle controlling genes and microRNAs in donor cells and subsequently improves the yield and quality of cloned bovine embryos in vitro. Theriogenology 2014; 82:1036-42. [PMID: 25151601 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Trichostatin A (TSA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, has been used to improve nuclear reprogramming in somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos. However, the molecular mechanism of TSA for the improvement of the pre- and postimplantation embryonic development is unknown. In the present study, we investigated mechanism of cell cycle arrest caused by TSA and also determined embryo quality and gene expression in cloned bovine embryos produced from TSA-treated donor cells compared with embryos produced by in vitro fertilization or parthenogenetic activation. We observed that, 50 nM TSA-treated cells were synchronized at G0/G1 stage with concomitant decrease in the proportion of these cells in the S stage of the cell cycle, which was also supported by significant changes in cell morphology and decreased proliferation (P<0.05). Measurement of relative expression using real-time polymerase chain reaction of a some cell cycle-related genes and microRNAs in treated donor cells showed decreased expression of HDAC1, DNMT1, P53, CYC E1, and CDK4 and increased expression of DNMT3a, CDKN1A, CDK2, CDK3, miR-15a, miR-16, and miR-34a (P<0.05). No change in the relative expression of miR-449a was noticed. Trichostatin A treatment of donor cells significantly improved both cleavage and blastocyst rate (P<0.05) compared with the control embryos, also apoptotic index in treated cloned blastocysts was significantly decreased compared with the nontreated blastocysts (P<0.05) and was at the level of IVF counterpart. Relative expression of HDAC1 and DNMT3a was significantly lower in treated cloned and parthenogenetic embryos than that of nontreated and IVF counterpart, whereas in case of P53, expression level between treated and IVF embryos was similar, which was significantly lower than nontreated cloned and parthenogenetic embryos. In conclusion, our data suggested that TSA improves yield and quality of cloned bovine embryos by modulating the expression of G0/G1 cell cycle stage-related microRNA in donor cells, which support that TSA might be great cell cycle synchronizer apart from potent epigenetic modulator in cloning research in future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Saini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, Guelph, Canada; Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - N L Selokar
- Division of Animal Physiology and Reproduction, Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, India
| | - T Revey
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, Guelph, Canada
| | - S K Singla
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - M S Chauhan
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - P Palta
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - P Madan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, Guelph, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Taddei ML, Cavallini L, Comito G, Giannoni E, Folini M, Marini A, Gandellini P, Morandi A, Pintus G, Raspollini MR, Zaffaroni N, Chiarugi P. Senescent stroma promotes prostate cancer progression: the role of miR-210. Mol Oncol 2014; 8:1729-46. [PMID: 25091736 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2014.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We focused our interest on senescent human-derived fibroblasts in the progression of prostate cancer. Hypoxic senescent fibroblasts promote prostate cancer aggressiveness by inducing epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and by secreting energy-rich compounds to support cancer cell growth. Hypoxic senescent fibroblasts additionally increase: i) the recruitment of monocytes and their M2-macrophage polarization, ii) the recruitment of bone marrow-derived endothelial precursor cells, facilitating their vasculogenic ability and iii) capillary morphogenesis, proliferation and invasion of human mature endothelial cells. In addition, we highlight that overexpression of the hypoxia-induced miR-210 in young fibroblasts increases their senescence-associated features and converts them into cancer associated fibroblast (CAF)-like cells, able to promote cancer cells EMT, to support angiogenesis and to recruit endothelial precursor cells and monocytes/macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Letizia Taddei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Cavallini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Comito
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Elisa Giannoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Folini
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via G. Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Marini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Paolo Gandellini
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via G. Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Morandi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Raspollini
- Histology and Molecular Diagnostic, University Hospital Careggi, Viale G.B. Morgagni 85, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Nadia Zaffaroni
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via G. Amadeo 42, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Chiarugi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy; Center for Research, Transfer and High Education 'Study at Molecular and Clinical Level of Chronic, Inflammatory, Degenerative and Neoplastic Disorders for the Development on Novel Therapies', Italy
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Li Z, Zhu WG. Targeting histone deacetylases for cancer therapy: from molecular mechanisms to clinical implications. Int J Biol Sci 2014; 10:757-70. [PMID: 25013383 PMCID: PMC4081609 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.9067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic abnormalities have been conventionally considered as hallmarks of cancer. However, studies over the past decades have demonstrated that epigenetic regulation also participates in the development of cancer. The fundamental patterns of epigenetic components, such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, are frequently altered in tumor cells. Acetylation is one of the best characterized modifications of histones, which is controlled by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). HDACs are a group of enzymes which catalyze the removal of the acetyl groups of both histones and non-histone proteins. HDACs are involved in modulating most key cellular processes, including transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, DNA damage repair, cell cycle control, autophagy, metabolism, senescence and chaperone function. Because HDACs have been found to function incorrectly in cancer, various HDAC inhibitors are being investigated to act as cancer chemotherapeutics. The primary purpose of this paper is to summarize recent studies of the links between HDACs and cancer, and further discuss the underlying mechanisms of anti-tumor activities of HDAC inhibitors and clinical implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Li
- 1. Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing 100191, China. ; 2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- 1. Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing 100191, China. ; 2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China. ; 3. Peking-Tsinghua University Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Maksimoska J, Segura-Peña D, Cole PA, Marmorstein R. Structure of the p300 histone acetyltransferase bound to acetyl-coenzyme A and its analogues. Biochemistry 2014; 53:3415-22. [PMID: 24819397 PMCID: PMC4045318 DOI: 10.1021/bi500380f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The
p300 and CBP transcriptional coactivator paralogs (p300/CBP)
regulate a variety of different cellular pathways, in part, by acetylating
histones and more than 70 non-histone protein substrates. Mutation,
chromosomal translocation, or other aberrant activities of p300/CBP
are linked to many different diseases, including cancer. Because of
its pleiotropic biological roles and connection to disease, it is
important to understand the mechanism of acetyl transfer by p300/CBP,
in part so that inhibitors can be more rationally developed. Toward
this goal, a structure of p300 bound to a Lys-CoA bisubstrate HAT
inhibitor has been previously elucidated, and the enzyme’s
catalytic mechanism has been investigated. Nonetheless, many questions
underlying p300/CBP structure and mechanism remain. Here, we report
a structural characterization of different reaction states in the
p300 activity cycle. We present the structures of p300 in complex
with an acetyl-CoA substrate, a CoA product, and an acetonyl-CoA inhibitor.
A comparison of these structures with the previously reported p300/Lys-CoA
complex demonstrates that the conformation of the enzyme active site
depends on the interaction of the enzyme with the cofactor, and is
not apparently influenced by protein substrate lysine binding. The
p300/CoA crystals also contain two poly(ethylene glycol) moieties
bound proximal to the cofactor binding site, implicating the path
of protein substrate association. The structure of the p300/acetonyl-CoA
complex explains the inhibitory and tight binding properties of the
acetonyl-CoA toward p300. Together, these studies provide new insights
into the molecular basis of acetylation by p300 and have implications
for the rational development of new small molecule p300 inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasna Maksimoska
- Program in Gene Expression and Regulation, The Wistar Institute , 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Huang T, Rivera-Pérez JA. Senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity marks the visceral endoderm of mouse embryos but is not indicative of senescence. Genesis 2014; 52:300-8. [PMID: 24616249 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.22761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Revised: 02/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity is widely used as a marker of cellular senescence and as an indicator of organismal aging. Here, we report that SA-β-gal activity is present in the visceral endoderm layer of early postimplantation mouse embryos in predictable patterns that vary as the embryo progresses in development. However, determination of the mitotic index and analysis of the expression of Cdkn1a (p21), a marker of senescent cells, do not indicate cellular senescence. Instead, analysis of embryos in culture revealed the presence of SA-β-gal activity in apical vacuoles of visceral endoderm cells likely a reflection of acidic β-galactosidase function in these organelles. SA-β-gal serves as a practical marker of the dynamics of the visceral endoderm that can be applied to developmental as well as functional studies of early mammalian embryos.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Huang
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, 01655
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Borodkina AV, Shatrova AN, Pugovkina NA, Zemelko VI, Nikolsky NN, Burova EB. Different protective mechanisms of human embryonic and endometrium-derived mesenchymal stem cells under oxidative stress. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990519x14010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
47
|
Sundar IK, Nevid MZ, Friedman AE, Rahman I. Cigarette smoke induces distinct histone modifications in lung cells: implications for the pathogenesis of COPD and lung cancer. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:982-96. [PMID: 24283195 PMCID: PMC3975679 DOI: 10.1021/pr400998n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS)-mediated oxidative stress induces several signaling cascades, including kinases, which results in chromatin modifications (histone acetylation/deacetylation and histone methylation/demethylation). We have previously reported that CS induces chromatin remodeling in pro-inflammatory gene promoters; however, the underlying site-specific histone marks formed in histones H3 and H4 during CS exposure in lungs in vivo and in lung cells in vitro, which can either drive gene expression or repression, are not known. We hypothesize that CS exposure in mouse and human bronchial epithelial cells (H292) can cause site-specific posttranslational histone modifications (PTMs) that may play an important role in the pathogenesis of CS-induced chronic lung diseases. We used a bottom-up mass spectrometry approach to identify some potentially novel histone marks, including acetylation, monomethylation, and dimethylation, in specific lysine and arginine residues of histones H3 and H4 in mouse lungs and H292 cells. We found that CS-induced distinct posttranslational histone modification patterns in histone H3 and histone H4 in lung cells, which may be considered as usable biomarkers for CS-induced chronic lung diseases. These identified histone marks (histone H3 and histone H4) may play an important role in the epigenetic state during the pathogenesis of smoking-induced chronic lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac K. Sundar
- Department of Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY
| | | | - Alan E. Friedman
- Alan E. Friedman Ph.D., Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Box 611, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester 14642, NY, USA., Tel: 1-585-273-4066; Fax: 1-585-276-0190;
| | - Irfan Rahman
- Department of Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Burova E, Borodkina A, Shatrova A, Nikolsky N. Sublethal oxidative stress induces the premature senescence of human mesenchymal stem cells derived from endometrium. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:474931. [PMID: 24062878 PMCID: PMC3767075 DOI: 10.1155/2013/474931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Revised: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The specific responses of mesenchymal stem cells to oxidative stress may play a crucial role in regulation of tissue homeostasis as well as regeneration of organs after oxidative injury. The responses of human endometrium-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMESCs) to oxidative stress remain still unknown. Herein, we examined the impact of H2O2 on cell viability, induction of premature senescence, and apoptosis. hMESCs were highly resistant to H2O2 compared with human diploid fibroblasts. To test a hypothesis whether hMESCs may undergo oxidative stress-induced premature senescence, cells were briefly exposed to the sublethal H2O2 doses. H2O2-treated cells were permanently arrested, lost Ki67 proliferation marker, and exhibited a senescent phenotype including cell hypertrophy and increased SA- β -Gal activity. Additionally, in stressed cells the expression levels of p21Cip1, SOD1, SOD2, and GPX1 were elevated. hMESCs survived under stress were not able to resume proliferation, indicating the irreversible loss of proliferative potential. While the low H2O2 doses promoted senescence in hMESCs, the higher H2O2 doses induced also apoptosis in a part of the cell population. Of note, senescent hMESCs exhibited high resistance to apoptosis. Thus, we have demonstrated for the first time that hMESCs may enter a state of premature senescence in response to sublethal oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Burova
- Department of Intracellular Signaling and Transport, Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Tula-Sanchez AA, Havas AP, Alonge PJ, Klein ME, Doctor SR, Pinkston W, Glinsmann-Gibson BJ, Rimsza LM, Smith CL. A model of sensitivity and resistance to histone deacetylase inhibitors in diffuse large B cell lymphoma: Role of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. Cancer Biol Ther 2013; 14:949-61. [PMID: 23982416 PMCID: PMC3926892 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.25941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. While the initial treatment strategy is highly effective, relapse occurs in 40% of cases. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are a promising class of anti-cancer drugs but their single agent efficacy against relapsed DLBCL has been variable, ranging from few complete/partial responses to some stable disease. However, most patients showed no response to HDACi monotherapy for unknown reasons. Here we show that sensitivity and resistance to the hydroxamate HDACi, PXD101, can be modeled in DLBCL cell lines. Sensitivity is characterized by G2/M arrest and apoptosis and resistance by reversible G1 growth arrest. These responses to PXD101 are independent of several negative prognostic indicators such as DLBCL subtype, BCL2 and MYC co-expression, and p53 mutation, suggesting that HDACi might be used effectively against highly aggressive DLBCL tumors if they are combined with other therapeutics that overcome HDACi resistance. Our investigation of mechanisms underlying HDACi resistance showed that cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs), p21 and p27, are upregulated by PXD101 in a sustained fashion in resistant cell lines concomitant with decreased activity of the cyclin E/cdk2 complex and decreased Rb phosphorylation. PXD101 treatment results in increased association of CKI with the cyclin E/cdk2 complex in resistant cell lines but not in a sensitive line, indicating that the CKIs play a key role in G1 arrest. The results suggest several treatment strategies that might increase the efficacy of HDACi against aggressive DLBCL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana A Tula-Sanchez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; College of Pharmacy; University of Arizona; Tucson, AZ USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Li M, Durbin KR, Sweet SMM, Tipton JD, Zheng Y, Kelleher NL. Oncogene-induced cellular senescence elicits an anti-Warburg effect. Proteomics 2013; 13:2585-96. [PMID: 23798001 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201200298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Revised: 05/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence, an irreversible cell cycle arrest induced by a diversity of stimuli, has been considered as an innate tumor suppressing mechanism with implications and applications in cancer therapy. Using a targeted proteomics approach, we show that fibroblasts induced into senescence by expression of oncogenic Ras exhibit a decrease of global acetylation on all core histones, consistent with formation of senescence-associated heterochromatic foci. We also detected clear increases in repressive markers (e.g. >50% elevation of H3K27me2/3) along with decreases in histone marks associated with increased transcriptional expression/elongation (e.g. H3K36me2/3). Despite the increases in repressive marks of chromatin, 179 loci (of 2206 total) were found to be upregulated by global quantitative proteomics. The changes in the cytosolic proteome indicated an upregulation of mitochondrial proteins and downregulation of proteins involved in glycolysis. These alterations in primary metabolism are opposite to the well-known Warburg effect observed in cancer cells. This study significantly improves our understanding of stress-induced senescence and provides a potential application for triggering it in antiproliferative strategies that target the primary metabolism in cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingxi Li
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|