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Rout AK, Dehury B, Parida SN, Rout SS, Jena R, Kaushik N, Kaushik NK, Pradhan SK, Sahoo CR, Singh AK, Arya M, Behera BK. A review on structure-function mechanism and signaling pathway of serine/threonine protein PIM kinases as a therapeutic target. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132030. [PMID: 38704069 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
The proviral integration for the Moloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases, belonging to serine/threonine kinase family, have been found to be overexpressed in various types of cancers, such as prostate, breast, colon, endometrial, gastric, and pancreatic cancer. The three isoforms PIM kinases i.e., PIM1, PIM2, and PIM3 share a high degree of sequence and structural similarity and phosphorylate substrates controlling tumorigenic phenotypes like proliferation and cell survival. Targeting short-lived PIM kinases presents an intriguing strategy as in vivo knock-down studies result in non-lethal phenotypes, indicating that clinical inhibition of PIM might have fewer adverse effects. The ATP binding site (hinge region) possesses distinctive attributes, which led to the development of novel small molecule scaffolds that target either one or all three PIM isoforms. Machine learning and structure-based approaches have been at the forefront of developing novel and effective chemical therapeutics against PIM in preclinical and clinical settings, and none have yet received approval for cancer treatment. The stability of PIM isoforms is maintained by PIM kinase activity, which leads to resistance against PIM inhibitors and chemotherapy; thus, to overcome such effects, PIM proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are now being developed that specifically degrade PIM proteins. In this review, we recapitulate an overview of the oncogenic functions of PIM kinases, their structure, function, and crucial signaling network in different types of cancer, and the potential of pharmacological small-molecule inhibitors. Further, our comprehensive review also provides valuable insights for developing novel antitumor drugs that specifically target PIM kinases in the future. In conclusion, we provide insights into the benefits of degrading PIM kinases as opposed to blocking their catalytic activity to address the oncogenic potential of PIM kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajaya Kumar Rout
- Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi-284003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Budheswar Dehury
- Department of Bioinformatics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, India
| | - Satya Narayan Parida
- Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi-284003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sushree Swati Rout
- Department of Zoology, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore-756089, Odisha, India
| | - Rajkumar Jena
- Department of Zoology, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore-756089, Odisha, India
| | - Neha Kaushik
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Suwon, Hwaseong si, South Korea
| | | | - Sukanta Kumar Pradhan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar-751003, Odisha, India
| | - Chita Ranjan Sahoo
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhubaneswar-751023, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Singh
- Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi-284003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Meenakshi Arya
- Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi-284003, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Bijay Kumar Behera
- Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi-284003, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Wang C, Yang L, Lu Y, Fang C, Gan X, Chen Y, He S. Genomic features for adaptation and evolutionary dynamics of four major Asian domestic carps. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024; 67:1308-1310. [PMID: 38240907 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2479-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Liandong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Yongrui Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chengchi Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Xiaoni Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yiyu Chen
- National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Shunping He
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, 810016, China.
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Li T, Liu F, Tan Y, Peng Y, Xu X, Yang Y. PIM3 regulates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via ferroptosis. Genes Genomics 2024; 46:161-170. [PMID: 38148455 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-023-01475-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is closely related with cardiovascular diseases; however, the underlying pathogenic mechanisms remain not fully understood. This study sought to investigate the effect and mechanisms of PIM3 implicated in myocardial I/R injury using a rat model of myocardial I/R injury and a cell model of oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) induction. METHODS The morphology changes were detected by HE staining while cell viability was accessed by the CCK-8 method. The characteristics of ferroptosis were evaluated by ROS production, MDA content, SOD level, iron content, TfR1, FTH1, and GPX4 expression. RESULTS Myocardial I/R operation increased myocardial tissue damage in rats, while OGD/R treatment reduced the viability of H9c2 cells. Both myocardial I/R operation and OGD/R stimulation increased ferroptosis, as demonstrated by elevated ROS, MDA, iron content, decreased SOD level, upregulation of TfR1, and downregulation of FTH1 and GPX4. Additionally, myocardial I/R modeling or OGD/R treatment enhanced the expression of PIM3. Silencing of PIM3 inhibited ferroptosis, which resulted in alleviated myocardial I/R-induced damage and improved H9c2 cell survival. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight a vital role of PIM3 in myocardial I/R injury, indicating that PIM3-targeting ferroptosis may be a promising target for the development of novel therapies of myocardial I/R injury-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hosptal, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangyao Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hosptal, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Tan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hosptal, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yutao Peng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hosptal, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hosptal, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yushan Yang
- School of Resource, Environment and Safety Engineering, Univerity of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Atalay P, Ozpolat B. PIM3 Kinase: A Promising Novel Target in Solid Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:535. [PMID: 38339286 PMCID: PMC10854964 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
PIM3 (provirus-integrating Moloney site 3) is a serine/threonine kinase and belongs to the PIM family (PIM1, PIM2, and PIM3). PIM3 is a proto-oncogene that is frequently overexpressed in cancers originating from endoderm-derived tissues, such as the liver, pancreas, colon, stomach, prostate, and breast cancer. PIM3 plays a critical role in activating multiple oncogenic signaling pathways promoting cancer cell proliferation, survival, invasion, tumor growth, metastasis, and progression, as well as chemo- and radiation therapy resistance and immunosuppressive microenvironment. Genetic inhibition of PIM3 expression suppresses in vitro cell proliferation and in vivo tumor growth and metastasis in mice with solid cancers, indicating that PIM3 is a potential therapeutic target. Although several pan-PIM inhibitors entered phase I clinical trials in hematological cancers, there are currently no FDA-approved inhibitors for the treatment of patients. This review provides an overview of recent developments and insights into the role of PIM3 in various cancers and its potential as a novel molecular target for cancer therapy. We also discuss the current status of PIM-targeted therapies in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinar Atalay
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Bulent Ozpolat
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Methodist Neil Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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5
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Chen L, Mao W, Ren C, Li J, Zhang J. Comprehensive Insights that Targeting PIM for Cancer Therapy: Prospects and Obstacles. J Med Chem 2024; 67:38-64. [PMID: 38164076 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Proviral integration sitea for Moloney-murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases are a family of highly conserved serine/tyrosine kinases consisting of three members, PIM-1, PIM-2, and PIM-3. These kinases regulate a wide range of substrates through phosphorylation and affect key cellular processes such as transcription, translation, proliferation, apoptosis, and energy metabolism. Several PIM inhibitors are currently undergoing clinical trials, such as a phase I clinical trial of Uzanserti (5) for the treatment of relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma that has been completed. The current focus encompasses the structural and biological characterization of PIM, ongoing research progress on small-molecule inhibitors undergoing clinical trials, and evaluation analysis of persisting challenges in this field. Additionally, the design and discovery of small-molecule inhibitors targeting PIM in recent years have been explored, with a particular emphasis on medicinal chemistry, aiming to provide valuable insights for the future development of PIM inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Department of Neurology, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and Institute of Respiratory Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Wuyu Mao
- Department of Neurology, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and Institute of Respiratory Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Changyu Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinqi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Jifa Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and Institute of Respiratory Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
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Patel MR, Donnellan W, Byrne M, Asch AS, Zeidan AM, Baer MR, Fathi AT, Kuykendall AT, Zheng F, Walker C, Cheng L, Marando C, Savona MR. Phase 1/2 Study of the Pan-PIM Kinase Inhibitor INCB053914 Alone or in Combination With Standard-of-Care Agents in Patients With Advanced Hematologic Malignancies. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA, MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2023; 23:674-686. [PMID: 37290996 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Proviral Integration site of Moloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases are implicated in tumorigenesis; the pan-PIM kinase inhibitor, INCB053914, demonstrated antitumor activity in hematologic malignancy preclinical models. PATIENTS AND METHODS This phase 1/2 study evaluated oral INCB053914 alone or combined with standard-of-care agents for advanced hematologic malignancies (NCT02587598). In Parts 1/2 (monotherapy), patients (≥18 years) had acute leukemia, high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), MDS/myeloproliferative neoplasm, myelofibrosis (MF), multiple myeloma, or lymphoproliferative neoplasms. In Parts 3/4 (combination therapy), patients had relapsed/refractory or newly diagnosed (≥65 years, unfit for intensive chemotherapy) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or MF with suboptimal ruxolitinib response. RESULTS Parts 1/2 (n = 58): 6 patients experienced dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs), most commonly aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase-elevated (AST/ALT; each n = 4). Fifty-seven patients (98.3%) had treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), most commonly ALT-elevated and fatigue (36.2% each); 48 (82.8%) had grade ≥3 TEAEs, most commonly anemia (31.0%); 8 (13.8%) had grade ≥3 ALT/AST-elevated TEAEs. Parts 3/4 (n = 39): for INCB053914 + cytarabine (AML; n = 6), 2 patients experienced DLTs (grade 3 maculopapular rash, n = 1; grade 3 ALT-elevated and grade 4 hypophosphatemia, n = 1); for INCB053914 + azacitidine (AML; n = 16), 1 patient experienced a DLT (grade 3 maculopapular rash). Two complete responses were observed (1 with incomplete count recovery). For INCB053914 + ruxolitinib (MF; n = 17), no DLTs occurred; 3 patients achieved best reduction of >25% spleen volume at week 12 or 24. CONCLUSION INCB053914 was generally well tolerated as monotherapy and in combinations; TEAEs were most commonly ALT/AST-elevated. Limited responses were observed with combinations. Future studies are needed to identify rational, effective combination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish R Patel
- Florida Cancer Specialists/Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Sarasota, FL.
| | | | - Michael Byrne
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Adam S Asch
- Stephenson Cancer Center, Oklahoma University, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Amer M Zeidan
- Yale University and Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT
| | - Maria R Baer
- University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Amir T Fathi
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael R Savona
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
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Letson CT, Balasis ME, Newman H, Binder M, Vedder A, Kinose F, Ball M, Kruer T, Quintana A, Lasho TL, Finke CM, Almada LL, Grants JM, Zhang G, Fernandez-Zapico ME, Gaspar-Maia A, Lancet J, Komrokji R, Haura E, Sallman DA, Reuther GW, Karsan A, Rix U, Patnaik MM, Padron E. Targeting BET Proteins Downregulates miR-33a To Promote Synergy with PIM Inhibitors in CMML. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:2919-2932. [PMID: 37223910 PMCID: PMC10524644 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-3929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Preclinical studies in myeloid neoplasms have demonstrated efficacy of bromodomain and extra-terminal protein inhibitors (BETi). However, BETi demonstrates poor single-agent activity in clinical trials. Several studies suggest that combination with other anticancer inhibitors may enhance the efficacy of BETi. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN To nominate BETi combination therapies for myeloid neoplasms, we used a chemical screen with therapies currently in clinical cancer development and validated this screen using a panel of myeloid cell line, heterotopic cell line models, and patient-derived xenograft models of disease. We used standard protein and RNA assays to determine the mechanism responsible for synergy in our disease models. RESULTS We identified PIM inhibitors (PIMi) as therapeutically synergistic with BETi in myeloid leukemia models. Mechanistically, we show that PIM kinase is increased after BETi treatment, and that PIM kinase upregulation is sufficient to induce persistence to BETi and sensitize cells to PIMi. Furthermore, we demonstrate that miR-33a downregulation is the underlying mechanism driving PIM1 upregulation. We also show that GM-CSF hypersensitivity, a hallmark of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), represents a molecular signature for sensitivity to combination therapy. CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of PIM kinases is a potential novel strategy for overcoming BETi persistence in myeloid neoplasms. Our data support further clinical investigation of this combination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hannah Newman
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Moritz Binder
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Epigenomics Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Alexis Vedder
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Fumi Kinose
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Markus Ball
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Traci Kruer
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Ariel Quintana
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Terra L. Lasho
- Epigenomics Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Christy M. Finke
- Epigenomics Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Luciana L. Almada
- Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Division of Oncology Research, Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Guolin Zhang
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | | | - Alexandre Gaspar-Maia
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jeffrey Lancet
- Malignant Hematology Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | - Rami Komrokji
- Malignant Hematology Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | - Eric Haura
- Department of Drug Discovery, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | - David A. Sallman
- Malignant Hematology Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | - Gary W. Reuther
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | - Aly Karsan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - Uwe Rix
- Department of Drug Discovery, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | - Mrinal M. Patnaik
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Epigenomics Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Eric Padron
- Malignant Hematology Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
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Nock S, Karim E, Unsworth AJ. Pim Kinases: Important Regulators of Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11582. [PMID: 37511341 PMCID: PMC10380471 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Pim Kinases; Pim-1, Pim-2, and Pim-3, are a family of constitutively active serine/threonine kinases, widely associated with cell survival, proliferation, and migration. Historically considered to be functionally redundant, independent roles for the individual isoforms have been described. Whilst most established for their role in cancer progression, there is increasing evidence for wider pathological roles of Pim kinases within the context of cardiovascular disease, including inflammation, thrombosis, and cardiac injury. The Pim kinase isoforms have widespread expression in cardiovascular tissues, including the heart, coronary artery, aorta, and blood, and have been demonstrated to be upregulated in several co-morbidities/risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Pim kinase inhibition may thus be a desirable therapeutic for a multi-targeted approach to treat cardiovascular disease and some of the associated risk factors. In this review, we discuss what is known about Pim kinase expression and activity in cells of the cardiovascular system, identify areas where the role of Pim kinase has yet to be fully explored and characterised and review the suitability of targeting Pim kinase for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular events in high-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amanda J. Unsworth
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
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9
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Jensen CC, Clements AN, Liou H, Ball LE, Bethard JR, Langlais PR, Toth RK, Chauhan SS, Casillas AL, Daulat SR, Kraft AS, Cress AE, Miranti CK, Mouneimne G, Rogers GC, Warfel NA. PIM1 phosphorylates ABI2 to enhance actin dynamics and promote tumor invasion. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202208136. [PMID: 37042842 PMCID: PMC10103708 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202208136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Distinguishing key factors that drive the switch from indolent to invasive disease will make a significant impact on guiding the treatment of prostate cancer (PCa) patients. Here, we identify a novel signaling pathway linking hypoxia and PIM1 kinase to the actin cytoskeleton and cell motility. An unbiased proteomic screen identified Abl-interactor 2 (ABI2), an integral member of the wave regulatory complex (WRC), as a PIM1 substrate. Phosphorylation of ABI2 at Ser183 by PIM1 increased ABI2 protein levels and enhanced WRC formation, resulting in increased protrusive activity and cell motility. Cell protrusion induced by hypoxia and/or PIM1 was dependent on ABI2. In vivo smooth muscle invasion assays showed that overexpression of PIM1 significantly increased the depth of tumor cell invasion, and treatment with PIM inhibitors significantly reduced intramuscular PCa invasion. This research uncovers a HIF-1-independent signaling axis that is critical for hypoxia-induced invasion and establishes a novel role for PIM1 as a key regulator of the actin cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corbin C. Jensen
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Amber N. Clements
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Hope Liou
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Lauren E. Ball
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Jennifer R. Bethard
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | | | | | - Shailender S. Chauhan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | | | | | - Anne E. Cress
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Cindy K. Miranti
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ghassan Mouneimne
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Greg C. Rogers
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Noel A. Warfel
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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10
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Shin MJ, Eum WS, Youn GS, Park JH, Yeo HJ, Yeo EJ, Kwon HJ, Sohn EJ, Lee LR, Kim NY, Kwon SY, Kim SM, Jung HY, Kim DS, Cho SW, Kwon OS, Kim DW, Choi SY. Protective effects of cell permeable Tat-PIM2 protein on oxidative stress induced dopaminergic neuronal cell death. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15945. [PMID: 37223703 PMCID: PMC10200856 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress is considered as one of the main causes of Parkinson's disease (PD), however the exact etiology of PD is still unknown. Although it is known that Proviral Integration Moloney-2 (PIM2) promotes cell survival by its ability to inhibit formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the brain, the precise functional role of PIM2 in PD has not been fully studied yet. Objective We investigated the protective effect of PIM2 against apoptosis of dopaminergic neuronal cells caused by oxidative stress-induced ROS damage by using the cell permeable Tat-PIM2 fusion protein in vitro and in vivo. Methods Transduction of Tat-PIM2 into SH-SY5Y cells and apoptotic signaling pathways were determined by Western blot analysis. Intracellular ROS production and DNA damage was confirmed by DCF-DA and TUNEL staining. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. PD animal model was induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and protective effects were examined using immunohistochemistry. Results Transduced Tat-PIM2 inhibited the apoptotic caspase signaling and reduced the production of ROS induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) in SH-SY5Y cells. Furthermore, we confirmed that Tat-PIM2 transduced into the substantia nigra (SN) region through the blood-brain barrier and this protein protected the Tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells by observation of immunohistostaining. Tat-PIM2 also regulated antioxidant biomolecules such as SOD1, catalase, 4-HNE, and 8-OHdG which reduce the formation of ROS in the MPTP-induced PD mouse model. Conclusion These results indicated that Tat-PIM2 markedly inhibited the loss of dopaminergic neurons by reducing ROS damage, suggesting that Tat-PIM2 might be a suitable therapeutic agent for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jea Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, South Korea
| | - Won Sik Eum
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, South Korea
| | - Gi Soo Youn
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, South Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Ji Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, South Korea
| | - Eun Ji Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, South Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Sohn
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, South Korea
| | - Lee Re Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, South Korea
| | - Na Yeon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, South Korea
| | - Su Yeon Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, South Korea
| | - Su Min Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, South Korea
| | - Hyo Young Jung
- Department of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
| | - Duk-Soo Kim
- Department of Anatomy and BK21 FOUR Project, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si 31538, South Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Cho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, South Korea
| | - Oh-Shin Kwon
- School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences Kyungpook National University, Taegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, South Korea
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, South Korea
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11
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Ma S, Han J, Li Z, Xiao S, Zhang J, Yan J, Tang T, Barr T, Kraft AS, Caligiuri MA, Yu J. An XBP1s-PIM-2 positive feedback loop controls IL-15-mediated survival of natural killer cells. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eabn7993. [PMID: 36897958 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abn7993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Spliced X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1s) is an essential transcription factor downstream of interleukin-15 (IL-15) and AKT signaling, which controls cell survival and effector functions of human natural killer (NK) cells. However, the precise mechanisms, especially the downstream targets of XBP1s, remain unknown. In this study, by using XBP1 conditional knockout mice, we found that XBP1s is critical for IL-15-mediated NK cell survival but not proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, XBP1s regulates homeostatic NK cell survival by targeting PIM-2, a critical anti-apoptotic gene, which in turn stabilizes XBP1s protein by phosphorylating it at Thr58. In addition, XBP1s enhances the effector functions and antitumor immunity of NK cells by recruiting T-bet to the promoter region of Ifng. Collectively, our findings identify a previously unknown mechanism by which IL-15-XBP1s signaling regulates the survival and effector functions of NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoubao Ma
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
- Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
| | - Jingjing Han
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
- Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
| | - Zhenlong Li
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
- Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
| | - Sai Xiao
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
- Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
| | - Jiazhuo Yan
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
| | - Tingting Tang
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
| | - Tasha Barr
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
| | - Andrew S Kraft
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Michael A Caligiuri
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
- Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, City of Hope, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
| | - Jianhua Yu
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
- Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, City of Hope, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
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12
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Targeting Pim kinases in hematological cancers: molecular and clinical review. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:18. [PMID: 36694243 PMCID: PMC9875428 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01721-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Decades of research has recognized a solid role for Pim kinases in lymphoproliferative disorders. Often up-regulated following JAK/STAT and tyrosine kinase receptor signaling, Pim kinases regulate cell proliferation, survival, metabolism, cellular trafficking and signaling. Targeting Pim kinases represents an interesting approach since knock-down of Pim kinases leads to non-fatal phenotypes in vivo suggesting clinical inhibition of Pim may have less side effects. In addition, the ATP binding site offers unique characteristics that can be used for the development of small inhibitors targeting one or all Pim isoforms. This review takes a closer look at Pim kinase expression and involvement in hematopoietic cancers. Current and past clinical trials and in vitro characterization of Pim kinase inhibitors are examined and future directions are discussed. Current studies suggest that Pim kinase inhibition may be most valuable when accompanied by multi-drug targeting therapy.
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13
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Clements AN, Warfel NA. Targeting PIM Kinases to Improve the Efficacy of Immunotherapy. Cells 2022; 11:3700. [PMID: 36429128 PMCID: PMC9688203 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Proviral Integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases is a family of serine/threonine kinases that regulates numerous signaling networks that promote cell growth, proliferation, and survival. PIM kinases are commonly upregulated in both solid tumors and hematological malignancies. Recent studies have demonstrated that PIM facilitates immune evasion in cancer by promoting an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment that suppresses the innate anti-tumor response. The role of PIM in immune evasion has sparked interest in examining the effect of PIM inhibition in combination with immunotherapy. This review focuses on the role of PIM kinases in regulating immune cell populations, how PIM modulates the immune tumor microenvironment to promote immune evasion, and how PIM inhibitors may be used to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber N. Clements
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Noel A. Warfel
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
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14
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Julson JR, Marayati R, Beierle EA, Stafman LL. The Role of PIM Kinases in Pediatric Solid Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3565. [PMID: 35892829 PMCID: PMC9332273 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
PIM kinases have been identified as potential therapeutic targets in several malignancies. Here, we provide an in-depth review of PIM kinases, including their structure, expression, activity, regulation, and role in pediatric carcinogenesis. Also included is a brief summary of the currently available pharmaceutical agents targeting PIM kinases and existing clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Rae Julson
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (J.R.J.); (R.M.)
| | - Raoud Marayati
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (J.R.J.); (R.M.)
| | - Elizabeth Ann Beierle
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (J.R.J.); (R.M.)
| | - Laura Lee Stafman
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA;
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15
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Yan F, Ouyang Y, Meng T, Zhang H, Yue W, Zhang X, Xue Y, Wang Z, Sun Q. Toxic effects of AZD1208 on mouse oocytes and its possible mechanisms. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:3661-3670. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng‐Ze Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing China
| | - Ying‐Chun Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Tie‐Gang Meng
- Fertility Preservation Lab, Guangdong‐Hong Kong Metabolism & Reproductive Medicine Center Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital Guangzhou China
| | - Hong‐Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Wei Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing China
| | - Xin‐Ran Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing China
| | - Yue Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Zhen‐Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Qing‐Yuan Sun
- Fertility Preservation Lab, Guangdong‐Hong Kong Metabolism & Reproductive Medicine Center Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital Guangzhou China
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16
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Marayati R, Stafman LL, Williams AP, Bownes LV, Quinn CH, Markert HR, Easlick JL, Stewart JE, Crossman DK, Mroczek-Musulman E, Beierle EA. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of PIM3 suppresses tumorigenesis and cancer cell stemness in human hepatoblastoma cells. Cancer Gene Ther 2022; 29:558-572. [PMID: 33864024 PMCID: PMC8521561 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-021-00334-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Hepatoblastoma remains one of the most difficult childhood tumors to treat and is alarmingly understudied. We previously demonstrated that Proviral Insertion site in Maloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases, specifically PIM3, are overexpressed in human hepatoblastoma cells and function to promote tumorigenesis. We aimed to use CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing with dual gRNAs to introduce large inactivating deletions in the PIM3 gene and achieve stable PIM3 knockout in the human hepatoblastoma cell line, HuH6. PIM3 knockout of hepatoblastoma cells led to significantly decreased proliferation, viability, and motility, inhibited cell-cycle progression, decreased tumor growth in a xenograft murine model, and increased animal survival. Analysis of RNA sequencing data revealed that PIM3 knockout downregulated expression of pro-migratory and pro-invasive genes and upregulated expression of genes involved in apoptosis and differentiation. Furthermore, PIM3 knockout decreased hepatoblastoma cancer cell stemness as evidenced by decreased tumorsphere formation, decreased mRNA abundance of stemness markers, and decreased cell surface expression of CD133, a marker of hepatoblastoma stem cell-like cancer cells. Reintroduction of PIM3 into PIM3 knockout cells rescued the malignant phenotype. Successful CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of PIM3 kinase in human hepatoblastoma cells confirmed the role of PIM3 in promoting hepatoblastoma tumorigenesis and cancer cell stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raoud Marayati
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Laura L. Stafman
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Adele P. Williams
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Laura V. Bownes
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Colin H. Quinn
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Hooper R. Markert
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Juliet L. Easlick
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Jerry E. Stewart
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - David K. Crossman
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth A. Beierle
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
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17
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Genetic ablation of Pim1 or pharmacologic inhibition with TP-3654 ameliorates myelofibrosis in murine models. Leukemia 2022; 36:746-759. [PMID: 34741118 PMCID: PMC8891046 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01464-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Myelofibrosis (MF) is the deadliest form of myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN). The JAK inhibitor Ruxolitinib can reduce constitutional symptoms but it does not substantially improve bone marrow fibrosis. Pim1 expression is significantly elevated in MPN/MF hematopoietic progenitors. Here, we show that genetic ablation of Pim1 blocked the development of myelofibrosis induced by Jak2V617F and MPLW515L. Pharmacologic inhibition of Pim1 with a second-generation Pim kinase inhibitor TP-3654 significantly reduced leukocytosis and splenomegaly, and attenuated bone marrow fibrosis in Jak2V617F and MPLW515L mouse models of MF. Combined treatment of TP-3654 and Ruxolitinib resulted in greater reduction of spleen size, normalization of blood leukocyte counts and abrogation of bone marrow fibrosis in murine models of MF. TP-3654 treatment also preferentially inhibited Jak2V617F mutant hematopoietic progenitors in mice. Mechanistically, we show that TP-3654 treatment significantly inhibits mTORC1, MYC and TGF-β signaling in Jak2V617F mutant hematopoietic cells and diminishes the expression of fibrotic markers in the bone marrow. Collectively, our results suggest that Pim1 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of MF, and inhibition of Pim1 with TP-3654 might be useful for treatment of MF.
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18
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Lai L, Chen X, Tian G, Liang R, Chen X, Qin Y, Chen K, Zhu X. Clinical Significance of Pim-1 in Human Cancers: A Meta-analysis of Association with Prognosis and Clinicopathological Characteristics. Cancer Control 2022; 29:10732748221106268. [PMID: 35844176 PMCID: PMC9290152 DOI: 10.1177/10732748221106268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pim-1 is overexpressed in cancer tissues and plays a vital role in carcinogenesis. However, its clinical significance in cancers is not fully verified by meta-analysis, especially in relation to prognosis and clinicopathological features. Methods Four databases, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, were searched. Literature screening and data extraction according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of the included literatures was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale and the data analysis was performed using STATA and Review Manager software. Results 15 articles were finally included for meta-analysis, involving 1651 patients. Effect-size pooling analysis showed that high Pim-1 was related to poor overall survival (OS) (HR 1.68 [95% CI 1.17-2.40], P = .004) and disease-free survival (DFS) (HR 2.15 [95 %CI 1.15-4.01], P = .000). Subgroup analysis indicated that the detection techniques of Pim-1 were the main sources of heterogeneity, and 2 literatures using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for Pim-1mRNA had high homogeneity (I2 = .0%, P = .321) in OS. Another 13 studies that applied immunohistochemistry (IHC) for Pim-1 protein had significant heterogeneity (I2=82.2%, P = .000; I2=92%, P = .000) in OS and DFS, respectively, and further analysis demonstrated that ethnicity, sample size, and histopathological origin were considered to be the main factors affecting their heterogeneity. In addition, high Pim-1 was associated with lymph node metastasis (OR 1.40 [95% CI 1.02-1.92], P = .04), distant metastasis (OR 2.69 [95%CI 1.67-4.35], P < .0001), and clinical stage III-IV (OR .7 [95% CI .50-.96, P = .03). Sensitivity analysis suggested that the pooled results of each effect-size were stable and reliable, and there was no significant publication bias (P = .138) in all included articles. Conclusion High Pim-1 can not only predict poor OS and DFS of cancer, but also help to infer the malignant clinical characteristics of tumor metastasis. Pim-1 may be a potential and promising biomarker for early diagnosis, prognostic analysis and targeted therapy of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lai
- Department of Radiotherapy, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Ge Tian
- Department of Radiotherapy, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Renba Liang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xishan Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuelan Qin
- Department of Radiotherapy, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaihua Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
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19
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Bass AKA, Nageeb ESM, El-Zoghbi MS, Mohamed MFA, Badr M, Abuo-Rahma GEDA. Utilization of cyanopyridine in design and synthesis of first-in-class anticancer dual acting PIM-1 kinase/HDAC inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2021; 119:105564. [PMID: 34959179 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report design and synthesis of twenty-one dual PIM-1/HDAC inhibitors utilizing 3-cyanopyridines as a novel cap moiety linked with aliphatic /aromatic linker bearing carboxylic acid 3a-g, hydroxamic acid 4a-g or 2-aminoanilide moieties 5a-g as zinc-binding group. Most of the target hybrids revealed promising growth inhibition according to one dose NCI protocol against 60 cancer cell lines. Meanwhile, hydroxamic acids 4b, 4d and 4e displayed strong and broad-spectrum activity against nine tumor subpanels tested (GI50 0.176-8.87 μM); 4d displayed strong antiproliferative activity with GI50 ≤ 3 μM against different cancer cell lines (GI50 range from 0.325 to 2.9 μM). Furthermore, 4a, 4d-4g and 5f manifested a high inhibitory activity against HDACs 1 and 6 isozymes; 4g, displayed potent HDAC 1 and 6 inhibitory activity (45.01 ± 2.1 and 19.78 ± 1.1 nM) more than the reference SAHA (51.54 ± 2.4 and 21.38 ± 1.2 nM, respectively), while 4f was more potent (30.09 ± 1.4 nM) than SAHA against HDAC 1 and less potent (30.29 ± 1.7 nM) than SAHA against HDAC 6. Hybrids 4b, 4d, 4e and 4f exhibited potent PIM-1 inhibitory activity; 4d showed comparable activity to quercetin (IC50 of 343.87 ± 16.6 and 353.76 ± 17.1 nM, respectively); it exhibited pre G1 apoptosis and arrest cell cycle at G2/M phase. Moreover, it revealed good binding into pocket of HDACs 1,6 and PIM-1 kinase enzymes with good correlation with biological results. Moreover, 4b, 4d and 4e had reasonable drug-likeness properties according to Lipinski's rule. However, multitarget inhibitor of PIM-1/HDAC is a promising strategy in anticancer drug discovery; the most potent hybrids require further in vivo and clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr K A Bass
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - El-Shimaa M Nageeb
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Mona S El-Zoghbi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Mamdouh F A Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, 82524 Sohag, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Badr
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Gamal El-Din A Abuo-Rahma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, New Minia, Minia, Egypt.
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20
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PIM Kinases in Multiple Myeloma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174304. [PMID: 34503111 PMCID: PMC8428354 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable disease and novel therapeutic agents/approaches are urgently needed. The PIM (Proviral insertion in murine malignancies) serine/threonine kinases have 3 isoforms: PIM1, PIM2, and PIM3. PIM kinases are engaged with an expansive scope of biological activities including cell growth, apoptosis, drug resistance, and immune response. An assortment of molecules and pathways that are critical to myeloma tumorigenesis has been recognized as the downstream targets of PIM kinases. The inhibition of PIM kinases has become an emerging scientific interest for the treatment of multiple myeloma and several PIM kinase inhibitors, such as SGI-1776, AZD1208, and PIM447 (formerly LGH447), have been developed and are under different phases of clinical trials. Current research has been focused on the development of a new generation of potent PIM kinase inhibitors with appropriate pharmacological profiles reasonable for human malignancy treatment. Combination therapy of PIM kinase inhibitors with chemotherapeutic appears to create an additive cytotoxic impact in cancer cells. Notwithstanding, the mechanisms by which PIM kinases modulate the immune microenvironment and synergize with the immunomodulatory agents such as lenalidomide have not been deliberately depicted. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the PIM kinase pathways and the current research status of the development of PIM kinase inhibitors for the treatment of MM. Additionally, the combinatorial effects of the PIM kinase inhibitors with other targeted agents and the promising strategies to exploit PIM as a therapeutic target in malignancy are highlighted.
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21
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Kim HJ, Park JW, Kang JY, Seo SB. Negative Regulation of Erythroid Differentiation via the CBX8-TRIM28 Axis. Mol Cells 2021; 44:444-457. [PMID: 34253692 PMCID: PMC8334346 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2021.0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the mechanism of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) initiation through BCR/ABL oncogene has been well characterized, CML cell differentiation into erythroid lineage cells remains poorly understood. Using CRISPR-Cas9 screening, we identify Chromobox 8 (CBX8) as a negative regulator of K562 cell differentiation into erythrocytes. CBX8 is degraded via proteasomal pathway during K562 cell differentiation, which activates the expression of erythroid differentiation-related genes that are repressed by CBX8 in the complex of PRC1. During the differentiation process, the serine/threonine-protein kinase PIM1 phosphorylates serine 196 on CBX8, which contributes to CBX8 reduction. When CD235A expression levels are analyzed, the result reveals that the knockdown of PIM1 inhibits K562 cell differentiation. We also identify TRIM28 as another interaction partner of CBX8 by proteomic analysis. Intriguingly, TRIM28 maintains protein stability of CBX8 and TRIM28 loss significantly induces proteasomal degradation of CBX8, resulting in an acceleration of erythroid differentiation. Here, we demonstrate the involvement of the CBX8-TRIM28 axis during CML cell differentiation, suggesting that CBX8 and TRIM28 are promising novel targets for CML research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jeong Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Jin Woo Park
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Joo-Young Kang
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Sang-Beom Seo
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
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22
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IL-15 and PIM kinases direct the metabolic programming of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4290. [PMID: 34257288 PMCID: PMC8277781 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24473-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) are an abundant population of tissue-resident T cells that protect and maintain the intestinal barrier. IEL respond to epithelial cell-derived IL-15, which is complexed to the IL-15 receptor α chain (IL-15/Rα). IL-15 is essential both for maintaining IEL homeostasis and inducing IEL responses to epithelial stress, which has been associated with Coeliac disease. Here, we apply quantitative mass spectrometry to IL-15/Rα-stimulated IEL to investigate how IL-15 directly regulates inflammatory functions of IEL. IL-15/Rα drives IEL activation through cell cycle regulation, upregulation of metabolic machinery and expression of a select repertoire of cell surface receptors. IL-15/Rα selectively upregulates the Ser/Thr kinases PIM1 and PIM2, which are essential for IEL to proliferate, grow and upregulate granzyme B in response to inflammatory IL-15. Notably, IEL from patients with Coeliac disease have high PIM expression. Together, these data indicate PIM kinases as important effectors of IEL responses to inflammatory IL-15.
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23
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Unsworth AJ, Bye AP, Sage T, Gaspar RS, Eaton N, Drew C, Stainer A, Kriek N, Volberding PJ, Hutchinson JL, Riley R, Jones S, Mundell SJ, Cui W, Falet H, Gibbins JM. Antiplatelet properties of Pim kinase inhibition are mediated through disruption of thromboxane A2 receptor signaling. Haematologica 2021; 106:1968-1978. [PMID: 32467143 PMCID: PMC8252961 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.223529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pim kinases are upregulated in several forms of cancer, contributing to cell survival and tumor development, but their role in platelet function and thrombotic disease has not been explored. We report for the first time that Pim-1 kinase is expressed in human and mouse platelets. Genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition of Pim kinase results in reduced thrombus formation but is not associated with impaired hemostasis. Attenuation of thrombus formation was found to be due to inhibition of the thromboxane A2 receptor as effects on platelet function were non-additive to inhibition caused by the cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor indomethacin or the thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist GR32191. Treatment with Pim kinase inhibitors caused reduced surface expression of the thromboxane A2 receptor and resulted in reduced responses to thromboxane A2 receptor agonists, indicating a role for Pim kinase in the regulation of thromboxane A2 receptor function. Our research identifies a novel, Pim kinase-dependent regulatory mechanism for the thromboxane A2 receptor and represents a new targeting strategy that is independent of cyclo-oxygenase-1 inhibition or direct antagonism of the thromboxane A2 receptor that, while attenuating thrombosis, does not increase bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Unsworth
- University of Reading and Dept. of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University Manchester, UK
| | - Alexander P Bye
- Institute for Cardiovascular, Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Tanya Sage
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Renato S Gaspar
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Nathan Eaton
- Blood Research Institute and Medical College of Wisconsin, Versiti, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Caleb Drew
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Alexander Stainer
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Neline Kriek
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Peter J Volberding
- Blood Research Institute and Medical College of Wisconsin, Versiti, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - James L Hutchinson
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Ryan Riley
- Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Sarah Jones
- Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Stuart J Mundell
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Weiguo Cui
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Hervé Falet
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Jonathan M Gibbins
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, UK
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24
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Mung KL, Eccleshall WB, Santio NM, Rivero-Müller A, Koskinen PJ. PIM kinases inhibit AMPK activation and promote tumorigenicity by phosphorylating LKB1. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:68. [PMID: 34193159 PMCID: PMC8247201 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00749-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oncogenic PIM kinases and the tumor-suppressive LKB1 kinase have both been implicated in the regulation of cell growth and metabolism, albeit in opposite directions. Here we investigated whether these kinases interact with each other to influence AMPK activation and tumorigenic growth of prostate and breast cancer cells. METHODS We first determined how PIM and LKB1 kinases affect AMPK phosphorylation levels. We then used in vitro kinase assays to demonstrate that LKB1 is phosphorylated by PIM kinases, and site-directed mutagenesis to identify the PIM target sites in LKB1. The cellular functions of PIM and LKB1 kinases were evaluated using either pan-PIM inhibitors or CRISPR/Cas9 genomic editing, with which all three PIM family members and/or LKB1 were knocked out from PC3 prostate and MCF7 breast cancer cell lines. In addition to cell proliferation assays, we examined the effects of PIM and/or LKB1 loss on tumor growth using the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) xenograft model. RESULTS We provide both genetic and pharmacological evidence to demonstrate that inhibition of PIM expression or activity increases phosphorylation of AMPK at Thr172 in both PC3 and MCF7 cells, but not in their derivatives lacking LKB1. This is explained by our observation that all three PIM family kinases can phosphorylate LKB1 at Ser334. Wild-type LKB1, but not its phosphodeficient derivative, can restore PIM inhibitor-induced AMPK phosphorylation in LKB1 knock-out cells. In the CAM model, loss of LKB1 enhances tumorigenicity of PC3 xenografts, while cells lacking both LKB1 and PIMs exhibit slower proliferation rates and form smaller tumors. CONCLUSION PIM kinases are novel negative regulators of LKB1 that affect AMPK activity in an LKB1-dependent fashion. The impairment of cell proliferation and tumor growth in cells lacking both LKB1 and PIMs indicates that these kinases possess a shared signaling role in the context of cancer. These data also suggest that PIM inhibitors may be a rational therapeutic option for LKB1-deficient tumors. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwan Long Mung
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, 20500, Turku, Finland
| | - William B Eccleshall
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, 20500, Turku, Finland.,Faculty of Science and Engineering/Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Niina M Santio
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, 20500, Turku, Finland
| | - Adolfo Rivero-Müller
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, 20500, Turku, Finland.,Faculty of Science and Engineering/Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Päivi J Koskinen
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, 20500, Turku, Finland.
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25
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Sawaguchi Y, Yamazaki R, Nishiyama Y, Mae M, Abe A, Nishiyama H, Nishisaka F, Ibuki T, Sasai T, Matsuzaki T. Novel Pan-Pim Kinase Inhibitors With Imidazopyridazine and Thiazolidinedione Structure Exert Potent Antitumor Activities. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:672536. [PMID: 34012401 PMCID: PMC8126654 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.672536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pim kinases are overexpressed in various types of hematological malignancies and solid carcinomas, and promote cell proliferation and survival. Here in this study, we investigated the preclinical profile of novel pan-Pim kinase inhibitors with imidazopyridazine and thiazolidinedione structure. Imidazopyridazine-thiazolidinediones inhibited activities of Pim kinases with IC50 values of tens to hundreds nanomolar. With YPC-21440 and/or YPC-21817, which exhibited especially high inhibitory activities against Pim kinases, we investigated in vitro and in vivo activities of imidazopyridazine-thiazolidinediones. In silico analysis of binding mode of YPC-21440 and Pim kinases revealed that it directly bound to ATP-binding pockets of Pim kinases. In the kinase panel tested, YPC-21440 and YPC-21817 were highly specific to Pim kinases. These compounds exerted antiproliferative activities against various cancer cell lines derived from hematological malignancies and solid carcinomas. Furthermore, they suppressed phosphorylation of Pim kinase substrates, arrested cell cycle at the G1 phase, and induced apoptosis in cultured cancer cells. In tumor xenograft models, YPC-21440 methanesulfonate and YPC-21817 methanesulfonate exerted antitumor activities. Furthermore, pharmacodynamic analysis with a xenograft model suggested that YPC-21817 methanesulfonate inhibited Pim kinases in tumors. In conclusion, our data revealed that imidazopyridazine-thiazolidinediones are novel Pim kinases inhibitors, effective on various types of cancer cell lines both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryuta Yamazaki
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Masayuki Mae
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Abe
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Tatsuya Ibuki
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshio Sasai
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
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26
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Lent S, Cardenas A, Rifas-Shiman SL, Perron P, Bouchard L, Liu CT, Hivert MF, Dupuis J. Detecting differentially methylated regions with multiple distinct associations. Epigenomics 2021; 13:451-464. [PMID: 33641349 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2020-0344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: We evaluated five methods for detecting differentially methylated regions (DMRs): DMRcate, comb-p, seqlm, GlobalP and dmrff. Materials & methods: We used a simulation study and real data analysis to evaluate performance. Additionally, we evaluated the use of an ancestry-matched reference cohort to estimate correlations between CpG sites in cord blood. Results: Several methods had inflated Type I error, which increased at more stringent significant levels. In power simulations with 1-2 causal CpG sites with the same direction of effect, dmrff was consistently among the most powerful methods. Conclusion: This study illustrates the need for more thorough simulation studies when evaluating novel methods. More work must be done to develop methods with well-controlled Type I error that do not require individual-level data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Lent
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Andres Cardenas
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94704, USA
| | - Sheryl L Rifas-Shiman
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School & Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Patrice Perron
- Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada.,Centre de Recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Luigi Bouchard
- Centre de Recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry & Functional Genomics, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada.,Department of Medical Biology, CIUSSS Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean, Hôpital de Chicoutimi, Saguenay, QC, G7H 5H6, Canada
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School & Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada.,Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Josée Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
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27
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New Quinoxaline Derivatives as Dual Pim-1/2 Kinase Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26040867. [PMID: 33562106 PMCID: PMC7914722 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Proviral integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus (Pim)-1/2 kinase overexpression has been identified in a variety of hematologic (e.g., multiple myeloma or acute myeloid leukemia (AML)) and solid (e.g., colorectal carcinoma) tumors, playing a key role in cancer progression, metastasis, and drug resistance, and is linked to poor prognosis. These kinases are thus considered interesting targets in oncology. We report herein the design, synthesis, structure–activity relationships (SAR) and in vitro evaluations of new quinoxaline derivatives, acting as dual Pim1/2 inhibitors. Two lead compounds (5c and 5e) were then identified, as potent submicromolar Pim-1 and Pim-2 inhibitors. These molecules were also able to inhibit the growth of the two human cell lines, MV4-11 (AML) and HCT-116 (colorectal carcinoma), expressing high endogenous levels of Pim-1/2 kinases.
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28
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Targeting cytokine- and therapy-induced PIM1 activation in preclinical models of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma. Blood 2020; 135:1685-1695. [PMID: 32315407 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019003880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and T-cell acute lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) are aggressive hematological malignancies that are currently treated with high-dose chemotherapy. Over the last several years, the search toward novel and less-toxic therapeutic strategies for T-ALL/T-LBL patients has largely focused on the identification of cell-intrinsic properties of the tumor cell. However, non-cell-autonomous activation of specific oncogenic pathways might also offer opportunities that could be exploited at the therapeutic level. In line with this, we here show that endogenous interleukin 7 (IL7) can increase the expression of the oncogenic kinase proviral integration site for Moloney-murine leukemia 1 (PIM1) in CD127+ T-ALL/T-LBL, thereby rendering these tumor cells sensitive to in vivo PIM inhibition. In addition, using different CD127+ T-ALL/T-LBL xenograft models, we also reveal that residual tumor cells, which remain present after short-term in vivo chemotherapy, display consistent upregulation of PIM1 as compared with bulk nontreated tumor cells. Notably, this effect was transient as increased PIM1 levels were not observed in reestablished disease after abrogation of the initial chemotherapy. Furthermore, we uncover that this phenomenon is, at least in part, mediated by the ability of glucocorticoids to cause transcriptional upregulation of IL7RA in T-ALL/T-LBL patient-derived xenograft (PDX) cells, ultimately resulting in non-cell-autonomous PIM1 upregulation by endogenous IL7. Finally, we confirm in vivo that chemotherapy in combination with a pan-PIM inhibitor can improve leukemia survival in a PDX model of CD127+ T-ALL. Altogether, our work reveals that IL7 and glucocorticoids coordinately drive aberrant activation of PIM1 and suggests that IL7-responsive CD127+ T-ALL and T-LBL patients could benefit from PIM inhibition during induction chemotherapy.
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29
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Barberis C, Erdman P, Czekaj M, Fire L, Pribish J, Tserlin E, Maniar S, Batchelor JD, Liu J, Patel VF, Hebert A, Levit M, Wang A, Sun F, Huang SMA. Discovery of SARxxxx92, a pan-PIM kinase inhibitor, efficacious in a KG1 tumor model. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127625. [PMID: 33096160 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
N-substituted azaindoles were discovered as potent pan-PIM inhibitors. Lead optimization, guided by structure and focused on physico-chemical properties allowed us to solve inherent hERG and permeability liabilities, and provided compound 27, which subsequently impacted KG-1 tumor growth in a mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claude Barberis
- IDD Medicinal Chemistry, Sanofi, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham MA 02451, United States.
| | - Paul Erdman
- IDD Medicinal Chemistry, Sanofi, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham MA 02451, United States; Present address: AbbVie, 100 Abbott Park Road, Abbott Park, IL 60064-3500, United States
| | - Mark Czekaj
- IDD Medicinal Chemistry, Sanofi, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham MA 02451, United States
| | - Luke Fire
- IDD Medicinal Chemistry, Sanofi, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham MA 02451, United States; Present address: Rakuten Medical, 11080 Roselle St, San Diego, CA 92121, United States
| | - James Pribish
- IDD Medicinal Chemistry, Sanofi, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham MA 02451, United States
| | - Elina Tserlin
- Present address: Qiagen, 561 Virginia Road, Concord, MA 01742, United States
| | - Sachin Maniar
- IDD Medicinal Chemistry, Sanofi, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham MA 02451, United States
| | - Joseph D Batchelor
- IDD Medicinal Chemistry, Sanofi, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham MA 02451, United States
| | - Jinyu Liu
- IDD Medicinal Chemistry, Sanofi, 153 Second Avenue, Waltham MA 02451, United States
| | - Vinod F Patel
- Present address: TME Therapeutics, 3 Mossy Lane, Acton, MA 01720, United States
| | - Andrew Hebert
- Oncology Biochemistry, Sanofi, 270 Albany Street, Cambridge MA 02139, United States
| | - Mikhail Levit
- Oncology Biochemistry, Sanofi, 270 Albany Street, Cambridge MA 02139, United States
| | - Anlai Wang
- Oncology Biology, Sanofi, 270 Albany Street, Cambridge MA 02139, United States
| | - Frank Sun
- Oncology Pharmacology, Sanofi, 640 Memorial Drive, Cambridge MA 02139, United States
| | - Shih-Min A Huang
- Oncology Biology, Sanofi, 270 Albany Street, Cambridge MA 02139, United States; Present address: Bristol-Myers Squibb, 3551 Lawrenceville Princeton, Lawrence Township, NJ 08648, United States
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30
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Tan DJY, Winnerdy FR, Lim KW, Phan AT. Coexistence of two quadruplex-duplex hybrids in the PIM1 gene. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:11162-11171. [PMID: 32976598 PMCID: PMC7641742 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a subtype of breast cancer which lacks of targeted therapies, exhibits a poor prognosis. It was shown recently that the PIM1 oncogene is highly related to the proliferation of TNBC cells. A quadruplex-duplex hybrid (QDH) forming sequence was recently found to exist near the transcription start site of PIM1. This structure could be an attractive target for regulation of the PIM1 gene expression and thus the treatment of TNBC. Here, we present the solution structures of two QDHs that could coexist in the human PIM1 gene. Form 1 is a three-G-tetrad-layered (3+1) G-quadruplex containing a propeller loop, a lateral loop and a stem-loop made up of three G•C Watson-Crick base pairs. On the other hand, Form 2 is an anti-parallel G-quadruplex comprising two G-tetrads and a G•C•G•C tetrad; the structure has three lateral loops with the middle stem-loop made up of two Watson-Crick G•C base pairs. These structures provide valuable information for the design of G-quadruplex-specific ligands for PIM1 transcription regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derrick J Y Tan
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Fernaldo Richtia Winnerdy
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Kah Wai Lim
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Anh Tuân Phan
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore.,NTU Institute of Structural Biology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore
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31
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Quevedo CE, Bataille CJR, Byrne S, Durbin M, Elkins J, Guillermo A, Jones AM, Knapp S, Nadali A, Walker RG, Wilkinson IVL, Wynne GM, Davies SG, Russell AJ. Aminothiazolones as potent, selective and cell active inhibitors of the PIM kinase family. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115724. [PMID: 33128909 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported the discovery of a series of rhodanine-based inhibitors of the PIM family of serine/threonine kinases. Here we described the optimisation of those compounds to improve their physicochemical and ADME properties as well as reducing their off-targets activities against other kinases. Through molecular modeling and systematic structure activity relationship (SAR) studies, advanced molecules with high inhibitory potency, reduced off-target activity and minimal efflux were identified as new pan-PIM inhibitors. One example of an early lead, OX01401, was found to inhibit PIMs with nanomolar potency (15 nM for PIM1), inhibit proliferation of two PIM-expressing leukaemic cancer cell lines, MV4-11 and K562, and to reduce intracellular phosphorylation of a PIM substrate in a concentration dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilo E Quevedo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Carole J R Bataille
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Simon Byrne
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Matthew Durbin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Jon Elkins
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, UK
| | - Abigail Guillermo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Alan M Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, UK
| | - Anna Nadali
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Roderick G Walker
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Isabel V L Wilkinson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Graham M Wynne
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Stephen G Davies
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Angela J Russell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK; Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK.
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32
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Hong VS, Jeong S, Yun Y, Choo H, Won J, Lee J. 1,3,
4‐Oxadiazole
‐2(
3
H
)‐thione Analogs as
PIM
Kinase Inhibitors. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Victor Sukbong Hong
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences Keimyung University Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Seungik Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences Keimyung University Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Yanghwan Yun
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences Keimyung University Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonseong Choo
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences Keimyung University Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Jongin Won
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences Keimyung University Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Lee
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences Keimyung University Daegu Republic of Korea
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33
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PIM1 Promotes Survival of Cardiomyocytes by Upregulating c-Kit Protein Expression. Cells 2020; 9:cells9092001. [PMID: 32878131 PMCID: PMC7563506 DOI: 10.3390/cells9092001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhancing cardiomyocyte survival is crucial to blunt deterioration of myocardial structure and function following pathological damage. PIM1 (Proviral Insertion site in Murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinase 1) is a cardioprotective serine threonine kinase that promotes cardiomyocyte survival and antagonizes senescence through multiple concurrent molecular signaling cascades. In hematopoietic stem cells, PIM1 interacts with the receptor tyrosine kinase c-Kit upstream of the ERK (Extracellular signal-Regulated Kinase) and Akt signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation and survival. The relationship between PIM1 and c-Kit activity has not been explored in the myocardial context. This study delineates the interaction between PIM1 and c-Kit leading to enhanced protection of cardiomyocytes from stress. Elevated c-Kit expression is induced in isolated cardiomyocytes from mice with cardiac-specific overexpression of PIM1. Co-immunoprecipitation and proximity ligation assay reveal protein–protein interaction between PIM1 and c-Kit. Following treatment with Stem Cell Factor, PIM1-overexpressing cardiomyocytes display elevated ERK activity consistent with c-Kit receptor activation. Functionally, elevated c-Kit expression confers enhanced protection against oxidative stress in vitro. This study identifies the mechanistic relationship between PIM1 and c-Kit in cardiomyocytes, demonstrating another facet of cardioprotection regulated by PIM1 kinase.
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34
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Gifford G, Stevenson W, Best G. Combination of the dual PIM/PI3-kinase inhibitor IBL-202 and venetoclax is effective in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2020; 61:3165-3176. [PMID: 32723130 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2020.1795156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Current chemoimmunotherapy is unable to cure up to 40% of patients diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Targeting the mechanisms by which DLBCL evades apoptosis is crucial to overcoming treatment failure in this heterogeneous disease as both current and novel treatments depend on the apoptosis of malignant cells. Despite the common overexpression of BCL-2, venetoclax is ineffective in DLBCL due to MCL-1 co-expression. This is driven by pro-growth PI3-kinase signaling, which is promoted in turn by PIM kinases. In this study, the novel dual-kinase inhibitor, IBL-202, was combined with venetoclax against a panel of DLBCL cell lines that have variable expression of pro-survival proteins. The results support the efficacy of simultaneously targeting inter-related molecules to overcome apoptotic escape in this biologically heterogeneous disease. As venetoclax, pan-PIM-kinase and pan-PI3-kinase inhibitors have, or are currently being studied in clinical trials, it may be rational to consider these drugs in combination for the treatment of DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Gifford
- Northern Blood Research Centre, Kolling Institution of Medical Research, The University of Sydney. St Leonards, Australia.,Department of Haematology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia
| | - William Stevenson
- Northern Blood Research Centre, Kolling Institution of Medical Research, The University of Sydney. St Leonards, Australia.,Department of Haematology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia
| | - Giles Best
- Northern Blood Research Centre, Kolling Institution of Medical Research, The University of Sydney. St Leonards, Australia.,Department of Haematology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia
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35
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Ismail MMF, Farrag AM, Abou‐El‐Ela D. Synthesis, anticancer screening, and in silico ADMEprediction of novel 2‐pyridonesas Pim inhibitors. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Magda M. F. Ismail
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of PharmacyAl‐Azhar University Cairo Egypt
| | - Amel M. Farrag
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of PharmacyAl‐Azhar University Cairo Egypt
| | - Dalal Abou‐El‐Ela
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryFaculty of Pharmacy, Ain‐Shams University Cairo Egypt
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36
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Panchal NK, Sabina EP. A serine/threonine protein PIM kinase as a biomarker of cancer and a target for anti-tumor therapy. Life Sci 2020; 255:117866. [PMID: 32479955 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The PIM Kinases belong to the family of a proto-oncogene that essentially phosphorylates the serine/threonine residues of the target proteins. They are primarily categorized into three types PIM-1, PIM-2, PIM-3 which plays an indispensable regulatory role in signal transduction cascades, by promoting cell survival, proliferation, and drug resistance. These kinases are overexpressed in several solid as well as hematopoietic tumors which supports in vitro and in vivo malignant cell growth along with survival by regulating cell cycle and inhibiting apoptosis. They lack regulatory domain which makes them constitutively active once transcribed. PIM kinases usually appear to be important downstream effectors of oncoproteins which overexpresses and helps in mediating drug resistance to available agents, such as rapamycin. Structural studies of PIM kinases revealed that they have unique hinge regions where two Proline resides and makes ATP binding unique, by offering a target for an increasing number of potent PIM kinase inhibitors. Preclinical studies of those inhibitory compounds in various cancers indicate that these novel agents show promising activity and some of them currently being under examination. In this review, we have outlined PIM kinases molecular mechanism and signaling pathways along with matriculation in various cancer and list of inhibitors often used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagesh Kishan Panchal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - E P Sabina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India.
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37
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Liu H, Chen C, Ma D, Li Y, Yin Q, Li Q, Xiang C. Inhibition of PIM1 attenuates the stem cell-like traits of breast cancer cells by promoting RUNX3 nuclear retention. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:6308-6323. [PMID: 32307917 PMCID: PMC7294145 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Finding out the driver gene critical for the maintenance of breast cancer stem cells (BrCSCs) is important for designing a new strategy to eradicate these cells to improve patient's prognosis. Here, in our study, we revealed that PIM1, an oncogenic serine‐threonine kinase and a well‐proven contributor to the tumorigenesis of breast cancer, was involved in BrCSCs regulation and promised to be a new target for eradicating BrCSCs. In brief, PIM1 could enhance the stem cell–like traits of breast cancer cells by promoting the phosphorylation and cytoplasmic localization of RUNX3. The nuclear dislocation of RUNX3 disabled this tumour suppressor and led to breast cancer cells gaining stem cell–like traits. Inhibition of PIM1 significantly induced the nuclear retention of RUNX3, recovered its transcriptional function and attenuated the stem cell–like properties of breast cancer cells. Those findings deepened our understanding of PIM1's oncogenic effect, underlining the significance of PIM1 in designing a new strategy aimed at BrCSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Dongshen Ma
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yubing Li
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Yin
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chenxi Xiang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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38
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Pereiro P, Álvarez-Rodríguez M, Valenzuela-Muñoz V, Gallardo-Escárate C, Figueras A, Novoa B. RNA-Seq analysis reveals that spring viraemia of carp virus induces a broad spectrum of PIM kinases in zebrafish kidney that promote viral entry. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 99:86-98. [PMID: 32004617 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PIM kinases are a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that potentiate the progression of the cell cycle and inhibit apoptosis. Because of this, they are considered to be proto-oncogenes, and they represent an interesting target for the development of anticancer drugs. In mammals, three PIM kinases exist (PIM-1, PIM-2 and PIM-3), and different inhibitors have been developed to block their activity. In addition to their involvement in cancer, some publications have reported that the PIM kinases have pro-viral activity, and different mechanisms where PIM kinases favour viral infections have been proposed. Zebrafish possess more than 300 Pim kinase members in their genome, and by using RNA-Seq analysis, we found a high number of Pim kinase genes that were significantly induced after infection with spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV). Moreover, analysis of the miRNAs modulated by this infection revealed that some of them could be involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of Pim kinase abundance. To elucidate the potential role of the 16 overexpressed Pim kinases in the infectivity of SVCV, we used three different pan-PIM kinase inhibitors (SGI-1776, INCB053914 and AZD1208), and different experiments were conducted both in vitro and in vivo. We observed that the PIM kinase inhibitors had a protective effect against SVCV, indicating that, similar to what is observed in mammals, PIM kinases are beneficial for the virus in zebrafish. Moreover, zebrafish Pim kinases seem to facilitate viral entry into the host cells because when ZF4 cells were pre-incubated with the virus and then were treated with the inhibitors, the protective effect of the inhibitors was abrogated. Although more investigation is necessary, these results show that pan-PIM kinase inhibitors could serve as a useful treatment for preventing the spread of viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Pereiro
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain; Laboratory of Biotechnology and Aquatic Genomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), University of Concepción, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Margarita Álvarez-Rodríguez
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - Valentina Valenzuela-Muñoz
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Aquatic Genomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), University of Concepción, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Cristian Gallardo-Escárate
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Aquatic Genomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), University of Concepción, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Antonio Figueras
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - Beatriz Novoa
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain.
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Chauhan SS, Toth RK, Jensen CC, Casillas AL, Kashatus DF, Warfel NA. PIM kinases alter mitochondrial dynamics and chemosensitivity in lung cancer. Oncogene 2020; 39:2597-2611. [PMID: 31992853 PMCID: PMC7545584 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1168-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Resistance to chemotherapy represents a major obstacle to the successful treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The goal of this study was to determine how PIM kinases impact mitochondrial dynamics, ROS production, and response to chemotherapy in lung cancer. Live-cell imaging and microscopy were used to determine the effect of PIM loss or inhibition on mitochondrial phenotype and ROS. Inhibition of PIM kinases caused excessive mitochondrial fission and significant upregulation of mitochondrial superoxide, increasing intracellular ROS. Mechanistically, we define a signaling axis linking PIM1 to Drp1 and mitochondrial fission in lung cancer. PIM inhibition significantly increased the protein levels and mitochondrial localization of Drp1, causing marked fragmentation of mitochondria. An inverse correlation between PIM1 and Drp1 was confirmed in NSCLC patient samples. Inhibition of PIM sensitized NSCLC cells to chemotherapy and produced a synergistic antitumor response in vitro and in vivo. Immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy verified that PIM inhibitors promote mitochondrial fission and apoptosis in vivo. These data improve our knowledge about how PIM1 regulates mitochondria and provide justification for combining PIM inhibition with chemotherapy in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailender S Chauhan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Rachel K Toth
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Corbin C Jensen
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Andrea L Casillas
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - David F Kashatus
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Noel A Warfel
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- Levy Cancer Center, Rm 0977, 1515 N. Campbell Avenue, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA.
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40
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AboulMagd AM, Hassan HM, Sayed AM, Abdelmohsen UR, Abdel-Rahman HM. Saccharomonosporine A inspiration; synthesis of potent analogues as potential PIM kinase inhibitors. RSC Adv 2020; 10:6752-6762. [PMID: 35493904 PMCID: PMC9049778 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10216g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Saccharomonosporine A was recently reported as a natural anti-cancer agent working through inhibition of a Proviral integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus-1 (PIM-1) kinase. Structural bioisosteres of this natural product were synthesized and tested against PIM kinase enzymes. They showed potent inhibitory activity against all the known PIM kinases (PIM-1, 2 and 3) with IC50 values ranging from 0.22 to 2.46 μM. Compound 5 was the most potent pan-inhibitor with IC50 values of 0.37, 0.41, and 0.3 μM, against PIM-1, 2, 3 respectively. Compounds 4–6 were tested for their cytotoxic activities against 3 cell lines: H1650, HT-29, and HL-60. Compound 5 exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against human colon adenocarcinoma HT-29 and the human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60, with IC50 μM values of 1.4 and 1.7 respectively. Molecular docking and homology modeling studies were carried out to confirm the affinity of these synthesized compounds to the three different PIM kinases. Additionally, a number of in silico predictions, ADME/Tox, were adopted to evaluate their drug-likeness. The E isomer of compound 5 exhibited a potent inhibitory effect against PIM kinase isoforms of IC50s 0.30–0.41 μM.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa M. AboulMagd
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Nahda University
- Beni Suef
- Egypt
| | - Hossam M. Hassan
- Pharmacognosy Department
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Beni-Suef University
- Beni-Suef
- Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Sayed
- Pharmacognosy Department
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Nahda University
- Beni-Suef
- Egypt
| | | | - Hamdy M. Abdel-Rahman
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Nahda University
- Beni Suef
- Egypt
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41
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Malone T, Schäfer L, Simon N, Heavey S, Cuffe S, Finn S, Moore G, Gately K. Current perspectives on targeting PIM kinases to overcome mechanisms of drug resistance and immune evasion in cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 207:107454. [PMID: 31836451 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.107454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PIM kinases are a class of serine/threonine kinases that play a role in several of the hallmarks of cancer including cell cycle progression, metabolism, inflammation and immune evasion. Their constitutively active nature and unique catalytic structure has led them to be an attractive anticancer target through the use of small molecule inhibitors. This review highlights the enhanced activity of PIM kinases in cancer that can be driven by hypoxia in the tumour microenvironment and the important role that aberrant PIM kinase activity plays in resistance mechanisms to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, anti-angiogenic therapies and targeted therapies. We highlight an interaction of PIM kinases with numerous major oncogenic players, including but not limited to, stabilisation of p53, synergism with c-Myc, and notable parallel signalling with PI3K/Akt. We provide a comprehensive overview of PIM kinase's role as an escape mechanism to targeted therapies including PI3K/mTOR inhibitors, MET inhibitors, anti-HER2/EGFR treatments and the immunosuppressant rapamycin, providing a rationale for co-targeting treatment strategies for a more durable patient response. The current status of PIM kinase inhibitors and their use as a combination therapy with other targeted agents, in addition to the development of novel multi-molecularly targeted single therapeutic agents containing a PIM kinase targeting moiety are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Malone
- Dept. of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lea Schäfer
- Dept. of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nathalie Simon
- Dept. of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Susan Heavey
- Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sinead Cuffe
- Dept. of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephen Finn
- Dept. of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gillian Moore
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kathy Gately
- Dept. of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
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42
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Mazzacurati L, Collins RJ, Pandey G, Lambert-Showers QT, Amin NE, Zhang L, Stubbs MC, Epling-Burnette PK, Koblish HK, Reuther GW. The pan-PIM inhibitor INCB053914 displays potent synergy in combination with ruxolitinib in models of MPN. Blood Adv 2019; 3:3503-3514. [PMID: 31725895 PMCID: PMC6880903 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant JAK2 tyrosine kinase signaling drives the development of Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), including polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, and primary myelofibrosis. However, JAK2 kinase inhibitors have failed to significantly reduce allele burden in MPN patients, underscoring the need for improved therapeutic strategies. Members of the PIM family of serine/threonine kinases promote cellular proliferation by regulating a variety of cellular processes, including protein synthesis and the balance of signaling that regulates apoptosis. Overexpression of PIM family members is oncogenic, exemplified by their ability to induce lymphomas in collaboration with c-Myc. Thus, PIM kinases are potential therapeutic targets for several malignancies such as solid tumors and blood cancers. We and others have shown that PIM inhibitors augment the efficacy of JAK2 inhibitors by using in vitro models of MPNs. Here we report that the recently developed pan-PIM inhibitor INCB053914 augments the efficacy of the US Food and Drug Administration-approved JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib in both in vitro and in vivo MPN models. INCB053914 synergizes with ruxolitinib to inhibit cell growth in JAK2-driven MPN models and induce apoptosis. Significantly, low nanomolar INCB053914 enhances the efficacy of ruxolitinib to inhibit the neoplastic growth of primary MPN patient cells, and INCB053914 antagonizes ruxolitinib persistent myeloproliferation in vivo. These findings support the notion that INCB053914, which is currently in clinical trials in patients with advanced hematologic malignancies, in combination with ruxolitinib may be effective in MPN patients, and they support the clinical testing of this combination in MPN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Mazzacurati
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | | | - Garima Pandey
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Que T Lambert-Showers
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Narmin E Amin
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | | | | | | | | | - Gary W Reuther
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
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43
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Chen J, Tang G. PIM-1 kinase: a potential biomarker of triple-negative breast cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:6267-6273. [PMID: 31496730 PMCID: PMC6690594 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s212752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer is associated with a poor prognosis, and effective biomarkers for targeted diagnosis and treatment are lacking. The tumorigenicity of the provirus integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus 1 (PIM-1) gene has been studied for many years. However, its significance in breast cancer remains unclear. In this review we briefly summarized the physiological characteristics and regulation of PIM-1 kinase, and subsequently focused on the role of PIM-1 in tumors, especially breast cancer. Oncogene PIM-1 was found to be upregulated in breast cancer, especially in triple-negative breast cancer. Moreover, it is involved in tumorigenesis and the development of drug resistance, and linked to poor prognosis. A highly selective probe targeting PIM-1 for imaging has emerged, suggesting that PIM-1 may be a potential biomarker for the accurate diagnosis and targeted therapy of triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieying Chen
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyu Tang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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44
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Spirli A, Cheval L, Debonneville A, Penton D, Ronzaud C, Maillard M, Doucet A, Loffing J, Staub O. The serine-threonine kinase PIM3 is an aldosterone-regulated protein in the distal nephron. Physiol Rep 2019; 7:e14177. [PMID: 31397090 PMCID: PMC6687858 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The mineralocorticoid hormone aldosterone plays a crucial role in the control of Na+ and K+ balance, blood volume, and arterial blood pressure, by acting in the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron (ASDN) and stimulating a complex transcriptional, translational, and cellular program. Because the complexity of the aldosterone response is still not fully appreciated, we aimed at identifying new elements in this pathway. Here, we demonstrate that the expression of the proto-oncogene PIM3 (Proviral Integration Site of Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus 3), a serine/threonine kinase belonging to the calcium/calmodulin-regulated group of kinases, is stimulated by aldosterone in vitro (mCCDcl1 cells), ex vivo (mouse kidney slices), and in vivo in mice. Characterizing a germline Pim3-/- mouse model, we found that these mice have an upregulated Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS), with high circulating aldosterone and plasma renin activity levels on both standard or Na+ -deficient diet. Surprisingly, we did not observe any obvious salt-losing phenotype in Pim3 KO mice as shown by normal blood pressure, plasma and urinary electrolytes, as well as unchanged expression levels of the major Na+ transport proteins. These observations suggest that the potential effects of the loss of the Pim3 gene are physiologically compensated. Indeed, the 2 other family members of the PIM kinase family, PIM1 and PIM2 are upregulated in the kidney of Pim3-/- mice, and may therefore be involved in such compensation. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that the PIM3 kinase is a novel aldosterone-induced protein, but its precise role in aldosterone-dependent renal homeostasis remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Spirli
- Department of Pharmacology & ToxicologyUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- National Centre of Competence in Research “Kidney.ch”LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Lydie Cheval
- Centre de Recherche des CordeliersINSERM, Sorbonne Universités, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Physiologie Rénale et TubulopathiesParisFrance
| | - Anne Debonneville
- Department of Pharmacology & ToxicologyUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- National Centre of Competence in Research “Kidney.ch”LausanneSwitzerland
| | - David Penton
- National Centre of Competence in Research “Kidney.ch”LausanneSwitzerland
- Institute of AnatomyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Caroline Ronzaud
- Department of Pharmacology & ToxicologyUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- National Centre of Competence in Research “Kidney.ch”LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Marc Maillard
- Service of NephrologyLausanne University Hospital (CHUV)LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Alain Doucet
- Centre de Recherche des CordeliersINSERM, Sorbonne Universités, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Physiologie Rénale et TubulopathiesParisFrance
| | - Johannes Loffing
- National Centre of Competence in Research “Kidney.ch”LausanneSwitzerland
- Institute of AnatomyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Olivier Staub
- Department of Pharmacology & ToxicologyUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- National Centre of Competence in Research “Kidney.ch”LausanneSwitzerland
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45
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The first-in-human study of the pan-PIM kinase inhibitor PIM447 in patients with relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma. Leukemia 2019; 33:2924-2933. [PMID: 31092894 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-019-0482-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PIM447, a novel pan-PIM inhibitor, has shown preclinical activity in multiple myeloma (MM). In the multicenter, open-label, first-in-human study, patients with relapsed and/or refractory MM were enrolled to determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) or recommended dose (RD), safety, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary anti-myeloma activity of PIM447. PIM447 was administered in escalating oral doses of 70-700 mg once daily (q.d.) for 28-day continuous cycles. Seventy-nine patients with a median of four prior therapies were enrolled. Seventy-seven patients (97.5%) had an adverse event (AE) suspected as treatment related, with treatment-related grade 3/4 AEs being mostly hematologic. Eleven dose-limiting toxicities occurred, and an MTD of 500 mg q.d. and an RD of 300 mg q.d. were established. The main reason for discontinuation was disease progression in 54 patients (68.4%). In the entire study population, a disease control rate of 72.2%, a clinical benefit rate of 25.3%, and an overall response rate of 8.9% were observed per modified International Myeloma Working Group criteria. Median progression-free survival at the RD was 10.9 months. PIM447 was well tolerated and demonstrated single-agent antitumor activity in relapsed/refractory MM patients, providing proof of principle for Pim (Proviral Insertions of Moloney Murine leukemia virus) kinase inhibition as a novel therapeutic approach in MM.
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Prosurvival kinase PIM2 is a therapeutic target for eradication of chronic myeloid leukemia stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:10482-10487. [PMID: 31068472 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1903550116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A major obstacle to curing chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is the intrinsic resistance of CML stem cells (CMLSCs) to the drug imatinib mesylate (IM). Prosurvival genes that are preferentially expressed in CMLSCs compared with normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) represent potential therapeutic targets for selectively eradicating CMLSCs. However, the discovery of such preferentially expressed genes has been hampered by the inability to completely separate CMLSCs from HSCs, which display a very similar set of surface markers. To overcome this challenge, and to minimize confounding effects of individual differences in gene expression profiles, we performed single-cell RNA-seq on CMLSCs and HSCs that were isolated from the same patient and distinguished based on the presence or absence of BCR-ABL. Among genes preferentially expressed in CMLSCs is PIM2, which encodes a prosurvival serine-threonine kinase that phosphorylates and inhibits the proapoptotic protein BAD. We show that IM resistance of CMLSCs is due, at least in part, to maintenance of BAD phosphorylation by PIM2. We find that in CMLSCs, PIM2 expression is promoted by both a BCR-ABL-dependent (IM-sensitive) STAT5-mediated pathway and a BCR-ABL-independent (IM-resistant) STAT4-mediated pathway. Combined treatment with IM and a PIM inhibitor synergistically increases apoptosis of CMLSCs, suppresses colony formation, and significantly prolongs survival in a mouse CML model, with a negligible effect on HSCs. Our results reveal a therapeutically targetable mechanism of IM resistance in CMLSCs. The experimental approach that we describe can be generally applied to other malignancies that harbor oncogenic fusion proteins or other characteristic genetic markers.
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Cervantes-Gomez F, Stellrecht CM, Ayres ML, Keating MJ, Wierda WG, Gandhi V. PIM kinase inhibitor, AZD1208, inhibits protein translation and induces autophagy in primary chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Oncotarget 2019; 10:2793-2809. [PMID: 31073371 PMCID: PMC6497463 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The PIM1, PIM2, and PIM3 serine/threonine kinases play a role in the proliferation and survival of cancer cells. Mice lacking these three kinases were viable. Further, in human hematological malignancies, these proteins are overexpressed making them suitable targets. Several small molecule inhibitors against this enzyme were synthesized and tested. AZD1208, an orally available small-molecule drug, inhibits all three PIM kinases at a low nanomolar range. AZD1208 has been tested in clinical trials for patients with solid tumors and hematological malignancies, especially acute myelogenous leukemia. The present study evaluated the efficacy and biological actions of AZD1208 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells. CLL cells had higher levels of PIM2 protein and mRNAs than did normal lymphocytes from healthy donors. Treatment of CLL lymphocytes with AZD1208 resulted in modest cell death, whereas practically no cytotoxicity was observed in healthy lymphocytes. To determine the mechanism by which AZD1208 inhibits PIM kinase function, we evaluated PIM kinase pathway and downstream substrates. Because peripheral blood CLL cells are replicationally quiescent, we analyzed substrates involved in apoptosis, transcription, and translation but not cell cycle targets. AZD1208 inhibited protein translation by decreasing phosphorylation levels of 4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1). AZD1208 induced autophagy in replicationally-quiescent CLL cells, which is consistent with protein translation inhibition. These data suggest that AZD1208 may elicit cytotoxicity in CLL cells through inhibiting translation and autophagy induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Cervantes-Gomez
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christine M Stellrecht
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mary L Ayres
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael J Keating
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - William G Wierda
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Varsha Gandhi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Wang X, Sun Z. Understanding PIM-1 kinase inhibitor interactions with free energy simulation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:7544-7558. [PMID: 30895980 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp00070d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The proviral integration site of the Moloney leukemia virus (PIM) family includes three homologous members. PIM-1 kinase is an important target in effective therapeutic interventions of lymphomas, prostate cancer and leukemia. In the current work, we performed free energy calculations to calculate the binding affinities of several inhibitors targeting this protein. The alchemical method with integration and perturbation-based estimators and the end-point methods were compared. The computational results indicated that the alchemical method can accurately predict the binding affinities, while the end-point methods give relatively unreliable predictions. Decomposing the free energy difference into enthalpic and entropic components with MBAR reweighting enabled us to investigate the detailed thermodynamic parameters with which the entropy-enthalpy compensation in this protein-ligand binding case is identified. We then studied the conformational ensemble, and the important protein-ligand interactions were identified. The current work sheds light on the understanding of the PIM-1-kinase-inhibitor interactions at the atomic level and will be useful in the further development of potential drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
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PIM kinase inhibitors: Structural and pharmacological perspectives. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 172:95-108. [PMID: 30954777 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The PIM kinase, also known as serine/threonine kinase plays an important role in cancer biology and is found in three different isoforms namely PIM-1, PIM-2, and PIM-3. They are extensively distributed and are implicated in a variety of biological processes, including cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and apoptosis. They act as weak oncogene and whenever expressed in exacerbating forms are responsible for different types of human cancer. Recently, different isoforms of PIM kinase have been identified as a clinical biomarker and potential therapeutic target for personalized treatment of advanced cancer. The inhibition of PIM kinase has become a scientific interest and some inhibitors have been developed and/or are under different phases of clinical trials. Several medicinally privileged heterocyclic ring scaffolds such as pyrrole, pyrimidine, thiazolidine, benzofuran, indole, triazole, oxadiazole, and quinoline derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated for their PIM inhibitory activity. This review comprehensively focuses on pharmacological implications of PIM kinases in oncogenesis, structural insights of PIM inhibitors and their structure-activity relationships (SARs).
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Discovery of novel triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl-quinoline derivatives as PIM inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 168:87-109. [PMID: 30802730 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PIM kinase family (PIM-1, PIM-2 and PIM-3) is an appealing target for the discovery and development of selective inhibitors, useful in various disease conditions in which these proteins are highly expressed, such as cancer. The significant effort put, in the recent years, towards the development of small molecules exhibiting inhibitory activity against this protein family has ended up with several molecules entering clinical trials. As part of our ongoing exploration for potential drug candidates that exhibit affinity towards this protein family, we have generated a novel chemical series of triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine based tricycles by applying a scaffold hopping strategy over our previously reported potent pan-PIM inhibitor ETP-47453 (compound 2). The structure-activity relationship studies presented herein demonstrate a rather selective PIM-1/PIM-3 biochemical profile for this novel series of tricycles, although pan-PIM and PIM-1 inhibitors have also been identified. Selected examples show significant inhibition of the phosphorylation of BAD protein in a cell-based assay. Moreover, optimized and highly selective compounds, such as 42, did not show significant hERG inhibition at 20 μM concentration, and proved its antiproliferative activity and utility in combination with particular antitumoral agents in several tumor cell lines.
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