1
|
Ming P, Wei Y, Zhu Y, Li K, Zhu W, Qiu J. Dual-stabilized selenium nanoparticles with chitosan and SS31 peptide: Resolving instability for enhancing ROS elimination, suppressing inflammation, and combating bacterial infections. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2025; 253:114749. [PMID: 40318392 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.114749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2025] [Revised: 04/13/2025] [Accepted: 04/27/2025] [Indexed: 05/07/2025]
Abstract
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) hold significant promise for managing inflammatory microenvironments due to their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and tissue-regenerative properties. However, their poor stability limits practical applications. To address this, we developed a novel nanocomposite by co-stabilizing SeNPs with chitosan and the mitochondria-targeting peptide SS31 (CS/SS31-SeNPs) via a redox synthesis method. The optimized CS/SS31-SeNPs exhibited a uniform spherical structure (82 nm diameter, +48 mV zeta potential) and exceptional stability (no aggregation over 90 days), as confirmed by dynamic light scattering, TEM, EDX, XPS and TGA analyses. The nanocomposites demonstrated enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging efficiency in vitro and in vivo. In a copper sulfate-induced zebrafish inflammation model, CS/SS31-SeNPs pretreatment reduced neutrophil and macrophage recruitment by 38.07 % and 43.56 %, respectively, outperforming bare SeNPs. Furthermore, CS/SS31-SeNPs exhibited superior antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, achieving near-complete growth inhibition at 64 μM. Mechanistic studies revealed that the antibacterial action stems from targeting the conserved MraY enzyme in peptidoglycan synthesis. Molecular docking indicated stable binding (-15.6 kcal/mol) of CS/SS31-SeNPs to MraY's uracil pocket and adjacent sites-a mechanism distinct from conventional antibiotics, suggesting broad-spectrum potential. By synergistically integrating chitosan's antibacterial properties with SS31's mitochondrial targeting, CS/SS31-SeNPs overcome SeNPs instability while amplifying their therapeutic efficacy. This multifunctional platform offers a promising strategy for treating oral-craniofacial inflammatory and infectious diseases, with implications for antibiotic resistance mitigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Ming
- Department of Oral Implantology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, PR China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of StomatologicalTranslational Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yuwen Wei
- Department of Oral Implantology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, PR China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of StomatologicalTranslational Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yawen Zhu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, PR China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of StomatologicalTranslational Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Kang Li
- Department of Oral Special Consultation, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, PR China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of StomatologicalTranslational Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Wenqing Zhu
- Department of Oral Special Consultation, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, PR China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of StomatologicalTranslational Medicine, Nanjing, PR China.
| | - Jing Qiu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, PR China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of StomatologicalTranslational Medicine, Nanjing, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Azam MS, Ibrahim AM, Leddy O, Oh SY, Schneewind O, Missiakas D. A SecA-associated protease modulates the extent of surface display of staphylococcal protein A. J Bacteriol 2025; 207:e0052224. [PMID: 40135891 PMCID: PMC12004944 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00522-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2025] [Indexed: 03/27/2025] Open
Abstract
In bacteria, signal peptides direct pre-proteins to the SecYEG secretion channel and are typically cleaved by signal peptidases during translocation across the membrane. In gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, some signal peptides have a pre-translocation function. Staphylococcal protein A (SpA) carries such an atypical signal sequence, with a YSIRK/GXXS motif that directs its precursor into the cross-wall of dividing cells for subsequent anchoring by sortase A. Here, we report that PepV-a member of the M20 peptidase family which has been described as a manganese-dependent dipeptidase in vitro-may influence the surface display of precursors with a YSIRK/GXXS motif. SpA deposition into cross-walls was increased in ΔpepV bacteria. Yet, in the absence of pepV, neither the kinetics of signal sequence processing nor the final product of the sorting reaction was altered. In pull-down experiments, PepV was identified as a ligand of SecA. When purified PepV was incubated with SpA precursors, this interaction triggered self-cleavage of the enzyme, an unexpected activity exacerbated by the presence of a chelating agent. In agreement with this finding, a pulse-chase experiment revealed that the half-life of PepV is extended in bacteria lacking spa. Collectively, these data reveal a mutually inhibitory relationship between SpA precursors and PepV, the net result suggesting that while PepV may reduce the surface display of SpA, SpA precursors destabilize PepV possibly to overcome such inhibition. IMPORTANCE The "signal hypothesis" proposed that N-terminal sequences of secretory proteins contain targeting cues directing nascent polypeptides to the endoplasmic reticulum. This concept was later confirmed as broadly applicable, even to prokaryotes with a single membrane. In gram-positive bacteria, signal sequences bearing the YSIRK/GXXS motif are necessary and sufficient to direct precursors to septal membranes. However, trans-acting factors involved in this spatially restricted targeting remain largely unknown. Here, we identify a member of the M20 metalloprotease family as a potential contributor to the septal surface display of proteins containing YSIRK/GXXS signal peptides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad S. Azam
- Howard Taylor Ricketts Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Amany M. Ibrahim
- Howard Taylor Ricketts Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Owen Leddy
- Howard Taylor Ricketts Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - So-Young Oh
- Howard Taylor Ricketts Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Olaf Schneewind
- Howard Taylor Ricketts Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Dominique Missiakas
- Howard Taylor Ricketts Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ramos-León F, Ramamurthi KS. How do spherical bacteria regulate cell division? Biochem Soc Trans 2025; 53:BST20240956. [PMID: 40259574 DOI: 10.1042/bst20240956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2025] [Accepted: 03/28/2025] [Indexed: 04/23/2025]
Abstract
Many bacteria divide by binary fission, producing two identical daughter cells, which requires proper placement of the division machinery at mid-cell. Spherical bacteria (cocci) face unique challenges due to their lack of natural polarity. In this review, we compile current knowledge on how cocci regulate cell division, how they select the proper division plane, and ensure accurate Z-ring positioning at mid-cell. While Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus are the most well-studied models for cell division in cocci, we also cover other less-characterized cocci across different bacterial groups and discuss the conservation of known Z-ring positioning mechanisms in these understudied bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Félix Ramos-León
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, U.S.A
| | - Kumaran S Ramamurthi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kirchner L, Marciniak T, Erk C, Ziebuhr W, Scherf-Clavel O, Holzgrabe U. Structure Elucidation of the Daptomycin Products Generated upon Heterologous Expression of the Daptomycin Resistance Gene Cluster drcAB. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:4271-4278. [PMID: 39626017 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2024]
Abstract
Recently, a high-level daptomycin (DAP)-resistant Mammaliicoccus sciuri strain (TS92) was identified, which mediates a 33% decline of DAP when incubated in Mueller-Hinton (MH) medium. The genetic background of the DAP resistance in TS92 is a newly discovered two-gene operon, named drcAB, whose expression was reported to impair the structural integrity of DAP, eventually leading to its inactivation. Here, we set out to elucidate the chemical nature of drcAB-mediated DAP modification by applying a general unknown comparative screening (GUCS) approach in high-resolution mass spectrometry. DAP in MH medium was incubated with Staphylococcus aureus strain RN4220_Pxyl/tet-drcAB, which carries the drcAB operon under control of an inducible promoter on a plasmid, and GUCS test and reference samples were obtained upon and without drcAB expression. A two-step process catalyzed by DrcAB was discovered, comprising a structural alteration of DAP. The mass spectrometric data indicate an N-substitution at the aniline moiety of kynurenine with dehydroalanine and, subsequently, a cleavage of the ester bond of the DAP core between kynurenine and threonine by means of water. The structures postulated were confirmed by comparison of in silico versus measured fragmentation patterns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Kirchner
- Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tessa Marciniak
- Institute for Molecular Infection Biology, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christine Erk
- Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Wilma Ziebuhr
- Institute for Molecular Infection Biology, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Scherf-Clavel
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Ulrike Holzgrabe
- Institute for Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Keim K, Bhattacharya M, Crosby HA, Jenul C, Mills K, Schurr M, Horswill A. Polymicrobial interactions between Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa promote biofilm formation and persistence in chronic wound infections. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.11.04.621402. [PMID: 39574578 PMCID: PMC11580920 DOI: 10.1101/2024.11.04.621402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2024]
Abstract
Chronic, non-healing wounds are a leading cause of prolonged patient morbidity and mortality due to biofilm- associated, polymicrobial infections. Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the most frequently co-isolated pathogens from chronic wound infections. Competitive interactions between these pathogens contribute to enhanced virulence, persistence, and antimicrobial tolerance. P. aeruginosa utilizes the extracellular proteases LasB, LasA, and AprA to degrade S. aureus surface structures, disrupt cellular physiology, and induce cell lysis, gaining a competitive advantage during co-infection. S. aureus evades P. aeruginosa by employing aggregation mechanisms to form biofilms. The cell wall protein SasG is implicated in S. aureus biofilm formation by facilitating intercellular aggregation upon cleavage by an extracellular protease. We have previously shown that proteolysis by a host protease can induce aggregation. In this study, we report that P. aeruginosa proteases LasA, LasB, and AprA cleave SasG to induce S. aureus aggregation. We demonstrate that SasG contributes to S. aureus biofilm formation in response to interactions with P. aeruginosa proteases by quantifying aggregation, SasG degradation, and proteolytic kinetics. Additionally, we assess the role of SasG in influencing S. aureus biofilm architecture during co-infection in vivo, chronic wound co-infections. This work provides further knowledge of some of the principal interactions that contribute to S. aureus persistence within chronic wounds co-infected with P. aeruginosa, and their impact on healing and infection outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klara Keim
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Mohini Bhattacharya
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Heidi A Crosby
- New England Biolabs, Ipswich, MA, United States of America
| | - Christian Jenul
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Krista Mills
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America
- Alphabet Health, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Michael Schurr
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Alexander Horswill
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gao L, Tian T, Xiong T, Zhang X, Wang N, Liu L, Shi Y, Liu Q, Lu D, Luo P, Zhang W, Cheng P, Gou Q, Wang Y, Zeng H, Zhang X, Zou Q. Type VII secretion system extracellular protein B targets STING to evade host anti- Staphylococcus aureus immunity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2402764121. [PMID: 38771879 PMCID: PMC11145284 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2402764121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) can evade antibiotics and host immune defenses by persisting within infected cells. Here, we demonstrate that in infected host cells, S. aureus type VII secretion system (T7SS) extracellular protein B (EsxB) interacts with the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) protein and suppresses the inflammatory defense mechanism of macrophages during early infection. The binding of EsxB with STING disrupts the K48-linked ubiquitination of EsxB at lysine 33, thereby preventing EsxB degradation. Furthermore, EsxB-STING binding appears to interrupt the interaction of 2 vital regulatory proteins with STING: aspartate-histidine-histidine-cysteine domain-containing protein 3 (DHHC3) and TNF receptor-associated factor 6. This persistent dual suppression of STING interactions deregulates intracellular proinflammatory pathways in macrophages, inhibiting STING's palmitoylation at cysteine 91 and its K63-linked ubiquitination at lysine 83. These findings uncover an immune-evasion mechanism by S. aureus T7SS during intracellular macrophage infection, which has implications for developing effective immunomodulators to combat S. aureus infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Gao
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing400038, China
| | - Tian Tian
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing400038, China
| | - Tingrong Xiong
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing400038, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- Department of Medical Engineering, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing400038, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Luxuan Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing400038, China
| | - Yun Shi
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan610041, China
| | - Dongshui Lu
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing400038, China
| | - Ping Luo
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing400038, China
| | - Weijun Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing400038, China
| | - Ping Cheng
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing400038, China
| | - Qiang Gou
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing400038, China
| | - Yu Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing400038, China
- Department of Basic Courses, Non-Commissioned Officer School, Third Military Medical University, Shijiazhuang050081, China
| | - Hao Zeng
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing400038, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing400038, China
| | - Xiaokai Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing400038, China
| | - Quanming Zou
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing400038, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Al-Wrafy FA, Alariqi R, Noman EA, Al-Gheethi AA, Mutahar M. Pseudomonas aeruginosa behaviour in polymicrobial communities: The competitive and cooperative interactions conducting to the exacerbation of infections. Microbiol Res 2023; 268:127298. [PMID: 36610273 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is mostly associated with persistent infections and antibiotic resistance as a result of several factors, biofilms one of them. Microorganisms within the polymicrobial biofilm (PMB) reveal various transcriptional profiles and affect each other which might influence their pathogenicity and antibiotic tolerance and subsequent worsening of the biofilm infection. P. aeruginosa within PMB exhibits various behaviours toward other microorganisms, which may enhance or repress the virulence of these microbes. Microbial neighbours, in turn, may affect P. aeruginosa's virulence either positively or negatively. Such interactions among microorganisms lead to emerging persistent and antibiotic-resistant infections. This review highlights the relationship between P. aeruginosa and its microbial neighbours within the PMB in an attempt to better understand the mechanisms of polymicrobial interaction and the correlation between increased exacerbations of infection and the P. aeruginosa-microbe interaction. Researching in the literature that was carried out in vitro either in co-cultures or in the models to simulate the environment at the site of infection suggested that the interplay between P. aeruginosa and other microorganisms is one main reason for the worsening of the infection and which in turn requires a treatment approach different from that followed with P. aeruginosa mono-infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fairoz Ali Al-Wrafy
- Department of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Applied Science, Taiz University, 6350 Taiz, Yemen.
| | - Reem Alariqi
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana'a University, 1247 Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Efaq Ali Noman
- Department of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Applied Science, Taiz University, 6350 Taiz, Yemen
| | - Adel Ali Al-Gheethi
- Civil Department, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Mahdi Mutahar
- Faculty of Science & Health, University of Portsmouth Dental Academy, PO1 2QG Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Maciag JJ, Chantraine C, Mills KB, Yadav R, Yarawsky AE, Chaton CT, Vinod D, Fitzkee NC, Mathelié-Guinlet M, Dufrêne YF, Fey PD, Horswill AR, Herr AB. Mechanistic basis of staphylococcal interspecies competition for skin colonization. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.26.525635. [PMID: 36747832 PMCID: PMC9900903 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.26.525635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococci, whether beneficial commensals or pathogens, often colonize human skin, potentially leading to competition for the same niche. In this multidisciplinary study we investigate the structure, binding specificity, and mechanism of adhesion of the Aap lectin domain required for Staphylococcus epidermidis skin colonization and compare its characteristics to the lectin domain from the orthologous Staphylococcus aureus adhesin SasG. The Aap structure reveals a legume lectin-like fold with atypical architecture, showing specificity for N-acetyllactosamine and sialyllactosamine. Bacterial adhesion assays using human corneocytes confirmed the biological relevance of these Aap-glycan interactions. Single-cell force spectroscopy experiments measured individual binding events between Aap and corneocytes, revealing an extraordinarily tight adhesion force of nearly 900 nN and a high density of receptors at the corneocyte surface. The SasG lectin domain shares similar structural features, glycan specificity, and corneocyte adhesion behavior. We observe cross-inhibition of Aap-and SasG-mediated staphylococcal adhesion to corneocytes. Together, these data provide insights into staphylococcal interspecies competition for skin colonization and suggest potential avenues for inhibition of S. aureus colonization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J. Maciag
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Constance Chantraine
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Krista B. Mills
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Rahul Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS
| | - Alexander E. Yarawsky
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Catherine T. Chaton
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Divya Vinod
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Medical Sciences Undergraduate Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Nicholas C. Fitzkee
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS
| | - Marion Mathelié-Guinlet
- Institut de Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et des Nano-Objets, CNRS UMR 5248, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Yves F. Dufrêne
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Paul D. Fey
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Alexander R. Horswill
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Andrew B. Herr
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zheng M, Zheng M, Epstein S, Harnagel AP, Kim H, Lupoli TJ. Chemical Biology Tools for Modulating and Visualizing Gram-Negative Bacterial Surface Polysaccharides. ACS Chem Biol 2021; 16:1841-1865. [PMID: 34569792 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cells present a wide diversity of saccharides that decorate the cell surface and help mediate interactions with the environment. Many Gram-negative cells express O-antigens, which are long sugar polymers that makeup the distal portion of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that constitutes the surface of the outer membrane. This review highlights chemical biology tools that have been developed in recent years to facilitate the modulation of O-antigen synthesis and composition, as well as related bacterial polysaccharide pathways, and the detection of unique glycan sequences. Advances in the biochemistry and structural biology of O-antigen biosynthetic machinery are also described, which provide guidance for the design of novel chemical and biomolecular probes. Many of the tools noted here have not yet been utilized in biological systems and offer researchers the opportunity to investigate the complex sugar architecture of Gram-negative cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, 10003 New York, United States
| | - Maggie Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, 10003 New York, United States
| | - Samuel Epstein
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, 10003 New York, United States
| | - Alexa P. Harnagel
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, 10003 New York, United States
| | - Hanee Kim
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, 10003 New York, United States
| | - Tania J. Lupoli
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, 10003 New York, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fisher JF, Mobashery S. β-Lactams against the Fortress of the Gram-Positive Staphylococcus aureus Bacterium. Chem Rev 2021; 121:3412-3463. [PMID: 33373523 PMCID: PMC8653850 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The biological diversity of the unicellular bacteria-whether assessed by shape, food, metabolism, or ecological niche-surely rivals (if not exceeds) that of the multicellular eukaryotes. The relationship between bacteria whose ecological niche is the eukaryote, and the eukaryote, is often symbiosis or stasis. Some bacteria, however, seek advantage in this relationship. One of the most successful-to the disadvantage of the eukaryote-is the small (less than 1 μm diameter) and nearly spherical Staphylococcus aureus bacterium. For decades, successful clinical control of its infection has been accomplished using β-lactam antibiotics such as the penicillins and the cephalosporins. Over these same decades S. aureus has perfected resistance mechanisms against these antibiotics, which are then countered by new generations of β-lactam structure. This review addresses the current breadth of biochemical and microbiological efforts to preserve the future of the β-lactam antibiotics through a better understanding of how S. aureus protects the enzyme targets of the β-lactams, the penicillin-binding proteins. The penicillin-binding proteins are essential enzyme catalysts for the biosynthesis of the cell wall, and understanding how this cell wall is integrated into the protective cell envelope of the bacterium may identify new antibacterials and new adjuvants that preserve the efficacy of the β-lactams.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jed F Fisher
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, McCourtney Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Shahriar Mobashery
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, McCourtney Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame Indiana 46556, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Anchoring surface proteins to the bacterial cell wall by sortase enzymes: how it started and what we know now. Curr Opin Microbiol 2021; 60:73-79. [PMID: 33611145 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2021.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In Gram-positive bacteria, the peptidoglycan serves as a placeholder for surface display of a unique class of monomeric and polymeric proteins, or pili - the precursors of which harbor a cell wall sorting signal with LPXTG motif that is recognized by a conserved transpeptidase enzyme called sortase. Since this original discovery over two decades ago, extensive genetic, biochemical and structural studies have illuminated the basic mechanisms of sortase-mediated cell wall anchoring of surface proteins and pili. We now know how LPXTG-containing surface proteins are folded post-translocationally, how sortase enzymes recognize substrates, and how a remnant of the cell wall sorting signal modulates intramembrane signaling. In this review, we will highlight new findings from a few model experimental paradigms and present future prospects for the field.
Collapse
|
12
|
Wan TW, Teng LJ, Yamamoto T. Unique surface structures of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST8/SCCmecIVl. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2020; 54:527-530. [PMID: 33060039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2020.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) threatens human health. A local CA-MRSA with ST8/SCCmecIVl (CA-MRSA/J) has emerged in Japan, being associated with progression from bullous impetigo to potentially fatal invasive infection. We found that CA-MRSA/J has unique bacterial surface structures, spikes, spikes with a cap, and long spikes, reflecting clinical origins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Wen Wan
- Department of Epidemiology, Genomics, and Evolution, International Medical Education and Research Center, Niigata, Japan; Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Jene Teng
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tatsuo Yamamoto
- Department of Epidemiology, Genomics, and Evolution, International Medical Education and Research Center, Niigata, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fisher JF, Mobashery S. Constructing and deconstructing the bacterial cell wall. Protein Sci 2020; 29:629-646. [PMID: 31747090 PMCID: PMC7021008 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The history of modern medicine cannot be written apart from the history of the antibiotics. Antibiotics are cytotoxic secondary metabolites that are isolated from Nature. The antibacterial antibiotics disproportionately target bacterial protein structure that is distinct from eukaryotic protein structure, notably within the ribosome and within the pathways for bacterial cell-wall biosynthesis (for which there is not a eukaryotic counterpart). This review focuses on a pre-eminent class of antibiotics-the β-lactams, exemplified by the penicillins and cephalosporins-from the perspective of the evolving mechanisms for bacterial resistance. The mechanism of action of the β-lactams is bacterial cell-wall destruction. In the monoderm (single membrane, Gram-positive staining) pathogen Staphylococcus aureus the dominant resistance mechanism is expression of a β-lactam-unreactive transpeptidase enzyme that functions in cell-wall construction. In the diderm (dual membrane, Gram-negative staining) pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa a dominant resistance mechanism (among several) is expression of a hydrolytic enzyme that destroys the critical β-lactam ring of the antibiotic. The key sensing mechanism used by P. aeruginosa is monitoring the molecular difference between cell-wall construction and cell-wall deconstruction. In both bacteria, the resistance pathways are manifested only when the bacteria detect the presence of β-lactams. This review summarizes how the β-lactams are sensed and how the resistance mechanisms are manifested, with the expectation that preventing these processes will be critical to future chemotherapeutic control of multidrug resistant bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jed F. Fisher
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of Notre DameSouth BendIndiana
| | - Shahriar Mobashery
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of Notre DameSouth BendIndiana
| |
Collapse
|