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Berihun GA, Tesfaye G, Adissu W, Tadasa E, Adamu K, Kombe AT, Gedefaw L. Prevalence and Associated Factors of Anemia among Newborns at Jimma Medical Center, South-west Ethiopia. J Blood Med 2024; 15:129-140. [PMID: 38510843 PMCID: PMC10950678 DOI: 10.2147/jbm.s443312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Newborn anemia is among the most common hematological problems and it can cause asymptomatic or severe to acute life-threatening events. It leads to impairment in brain maturation and development, tissue hypoxia, and stunted growth and then arrested growth if left untreated. The prevalence of anemia among newborns ranges from 23.4-66% in sub-Saharan Africa. But, there is limited information in Ethiopia regarding the prevalence of newborn anemia and its risk factors. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of newborn anemia and its associated factors at Jimma Medical Center (JMC), South-west Ethiopia. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study design was implemented from January 14 to February 28, 2021, involving 288 full-term newborns by employing consecutive convenient sampling technique for study participant selection. Socio-demographic data and other associated factors were collected through interviews and a review of medical records by a structured questionnaire. Three mL umbilical cord blood samples from each newborn were collected and analyzed for a complete blood count by an automated hematological analyzer. Data were entered into Epi Data version 3.1 and exported to Statistical Package for Social Science version 20 for analysis. Binary logistic regression were used to identify the predictors of newborn anemia. Results The overall prevalence of anemia among newborns was 26.4%; of them, 65.8%, 25%, and 9.2% were mild, moderate, and severe anemia types, respectively. Maternal vegetable consumption habit (AOR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.11, 0.62) and maternal anemia (AOR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.17, 0.69) were significantly associated with anemia in newborns. Conclusion In general, newborn anemia in this study was a moderate public health problem. Based on this study, early screening of anemia among newborns may reduce further complications. Prevention of maternal anemia during pregnancy by improving their nutritional status especially vegetable consumption had a positive impact on reducing anemia among newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gebeyaw Arega Berihun
- School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Girum Tesfaye
- School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Wondimagegn Adissu
- School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Edosa Tadasa
- School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Kidist Adamu
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Public Health, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Abinet Tantu Kombe
- School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Lealem Gedefaw
- School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
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Ngonzi J, Tibaijuka L, Kintu TM, Kihumuro RB, Onesmus A, Onesmus B, Adong J, Salongo W, Boatin AA, Bebell LM. Prevalence and risk factors for newborn anemia in southwestern Uganda: a prospective cohort study. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3054549. [PMID: 37461715 PMCID: PMC10350226 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3054549/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The global prevalence of anemia in pregnancy is about 42%, and in sub-Saharan Africa, the prevalence of newborn anemia ranges from 25-30%. Anemia in newborn babies may cause complications such as delayed brain maturation and arrested growth. However, there is limited data on prevalence of newborn anemia and its risk factors in people living in resource-limited settings. Objectives We determined the prevalence and risk factors for newborn anemia and its correlation with maternal anemia in southwestern Uganda. Methods This was a prospective cohort study of 352 pregnant women presenting to Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital for delivery. We collected maternal blood in labor and umbilical cord blood from the placental vein, as a proxy for newborn hemoglobin. We estimated hemoglobin using a point-of-care Hemocue machine. We used summary statistics to characterize the cohort, and compared demographic characteristics and outcomes using Chi-square, t-test, and Wilcoxon Ranksum analyses. We defined newborn anemia as umbilical cord hemoglobin < 13g/dl and estimated the relationship between maternal and umbilical cord hemoglobin using linear regression analysis, adjusting for potential confounders. Results The prevalence of newborn anemia was 17%. The average maternal parity was significantly higher for anemic and non-anemic newborns (3.5 versus 2.8, P = 0.01). Mean age [SD] was significantly lower for participants with umbilical cord hemoglobin < 13g/dl than those > = 13 g/dl, (26 [5.6] versus 28 [6.3], P = 0.01). In multivariable linear regression analysis, a 1-point decrease in maternal hemoglobin was associated with a 0.14-point decrease in umbilical cord hemoglobin (P = 0.02). Each one-unit increase in maternal parity was associated with a 0.25-point decrease in umbilical cord hemoglobin (P = 0.01). Cesarean delivery was associated with a 0.46-point lower umbilical cord hemoglobin level compared to vaginal delivery (P = 0.03). Conclusions We found a significant correlation between maternal and newborn hemoglobin levels, underscoring the importance of preventing and correcting maternal anemia in pregnancy. Furthermore, maternal anemia should be considered a risk factor neonatal anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lisa M Bebell
- Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital
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Aabdien M, Al Kaabi N, Al-Kohji SMS, Selim N. Epidemiology of iron deficiency among adolescents aged 10-19 years old in Qatar: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e061666. [PMID: 36600377 PMCID: PMC9730356 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the magnitude and the determinants of iron deficiency among adolescents aged 10-19 years in the State of Qatar. DESIGN A cross-sectional study design was used to conduct the study. SETTING Primary healthcare centres covering the three main geographical areas. One health centre was selected randomly from each region catchment areas: Northern, Central and Western. PARTICIPANTS Four hundred and fifty adolescents aged 10-19 years of all nationalities were enrolled in the study. OUTCOME MEASURES Serum ferritin cut-off level used to diagnose iron deficiency (<15 µg/L), with normal C reactive protein. RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 14.00±2.920, and more than half of the participating adolescents were among 10-14 years old age group (56.9%). Fifty-five per cent of the study participants were Non-Qatari, and females consisted of 70.0% of the participants. The prevalence of iron deficiency was 26.4%. Iron deficiency was significantly associated with gender, nationality, attaining menarche and consumption of iron absorption enhancers (citrus fruits and juice). CONCLUSION Iron deficiency among adolescents is of moderate public health concern in the country, according to the classification of the WHO. The estimated prevalence of iron deficiency was close to what was found in other low-income and middle-income countries; however, it is still behind the developed countries. Gender, attaining menarche and dietary habits are among the important factors that are associated with iron deficiency. Thus, there is a need to coordinate efforts and resources to address this issue by implementing effective strategies at the community and primary healthcare levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nagah Selim
- Primary Health Care Corporation, Doha, Ad Dawhah, Qatar
- Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Cairo University Kasr Alainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
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Basha A, Ibrahim MIM, Hamad A, Chandra P, Omar NE, Abdullah MAJ, Aldapt MB, Hussein RM, Mahfouz A, Adel AA, Shwaylia HM, Ekeibed Y, AbuMousa R, Yassin MA. Efficacy and cost effectiveness of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose versus iron sucrose in adult patients with iron deficiency anaemia. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255104. [PMID: 34375369 PMCID: PMC8354439 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is a major health issues and common type of nutritional deficiency worldwide. For IDA treatment, intravenous (IV) iron is a useful therapy. Objective To determine the efficacy and cost-effectiveness (CE) of intravenous (IV) Ferric Carboxymaltose (FCM) versus IV Iron Sucrose (IS) in treating IDA. Data sources Electronic medical record i.e. Cerner® system. Target population Adults patients with iron deficiency anaemia. Time horizon A 12-month period (01/01/2018–31/12/2018). Perspective Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC, a public hospital). Intervention IV Ferric Carboxymaltose versus IV Iron Sucrose. Outcome measures With regard to responses to treatment i.e., efficacy of treatment with FCM & IS in IDA patients, hemoglobin (Hgb), ferritin, and transferrin saturation (TSAT) levels were the primary outcomes. Additionally, the researchers also collected levels of iron, platelet, white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular volume (MCV). The costs i.e. resources consumed (obtained from NCCCR-HMC) and the CE of FCM versus IS were the secondary outcomes. Results of base-case analysis There was a significant improvement in Hgb, RBC and MCH levels in the IS group than the FCM group. The overall cost of IS therapy was significantly higher than FCM. The medication cost for FCM was approximately 6.5 times higher than IS, nonetheless, it is cheaper in terms of bed cost and nursing cost. The cost effectiveness (CE) ratio illustrated that FCM and IS were significantly different in terms of Hgb, ferritin and MCH levels. Further, Incremental Cost Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) indicated that further justifications and decisions need to be made for FCM when using Hgb, iron, TSAT, MCH and MCV levels as surrogate outcomes. Results of sensitivity analysis Not applicable. Limitations The study did not consider the clinical or humanistic outcome. Conclusions The higher cost of FCM versus IS can be offset by savings in healthcare personnel time and bed space. ICER indicated that further justifications and decisions need to be made for FCM when using Hgb, iron, TSAT, MCH and MCV levels as surrogate outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Basha
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research (NCCCR), Pharmacy Department, HMC, Doha, Qatar
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Anas Hamad
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research (NCCCR), Pharmacy Department, HMC, Doha, Qatar
| | - Prem Chandra
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research (NCCCR), Pharmacy Department, HMC, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nabil E. Omar
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research (NCCCR), Pharmacy Department, HMC, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Mahmood B. Aldapt
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hematology Department, HMC, Doha, Qatar
| | - Radwa M. Hussein
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research (NCCCR), Pharmacy Department, HMC, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmed Mahfouz
- Heart Hospital (HH), Pharmacy Department, HMC, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmad A. Adel
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research (NCCCR), Pharmacy Department, HMC, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hawraa M. Shwaylia
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hematology Department, HMC, Doha, Qatar
| | - Yaslem Ekeibed
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hematology Department, HMC, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rami AbuMousa
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research (NCCCR), Pharmacy Department, HMC, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohamed A. Yassin
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hematology Department, HMC, Doha, Qatar
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Al-Jawaldeh A, Taktouk M, Doggui R, Abdollahi Z, Achakzai B, Aguenaou H, Al-Halaika M, Almamary S, Barham R, Coulibaly-Zerbo F, Ammari LE, Elati J, Nishtar NA, Omidvar N, Shams MQ, Qureshi AB, Nasreddine L. Are Countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region on Track towards Meeting the World Health Assembly Target for Anemia? A Review of Evidence. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18052449. [PMID: 33801513 PMCID: PMC7967583 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Anemia is a multifactorial condition, with a complex etiology that involves nutritional and non-nutritional factors. The misconception that iron deficiency is equivalent to anemia may mask the need to address other potential causative factors. This review paper aims to (1) assess the burden of anemia vs. iron deficiency anemia (IDA) amongst women of reproductive age (WRA), pregnant women (PW), and children under five years old (underfive children, U5C) in the Eastern Mediterranean region (EMR); (2) evaluate trends in anemia prevalence and whether countries are on track towards meeting the World Health Assembly (WHA) target for 2025; and (3) characterize anemia reduction efforts and provide a road map for future programs. A search of pertinent literature and databases was conducted. Anemia prevalence in the EMR ranged between 22.6% and 63% amongst PW, 27% and 69.6% amongst WRA, and 23.8% and 83.5% amongst U5C. Data showed that the EMR is not on course towards meeting the WHA target. The contribution of IDA to anemia was found to be less than half. Other potential contributors to anemia in the region were identified, including micronutrient deficiencies, parasitic infestations, and poor sanitation. A framework of action was proposed as a roadmap to meet the targets set by the WHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayoub Al-Jawaldeh
- Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean (EMRO), World Health Organization (WHO), Cairo 7608, Egypt;
| | - Mandy Taktouk
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11-0236, Lebanon;
| | - Radhouene Doggui
- Family Medicine Department, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada;
- Medical Research Department, Centre de Formation Médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick, Moncton, NB E1A 7R1, Canada
| | - Zahra Abdollahi
- General of Nutrition Department, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran 15655-415, Iran;
| | - Baseer Achakzai
- Nutrition/Regulations, Ministry of Health, Islamabad 56000, Pakistan;
| | - Hassan Aguenaou
- Joint Research Unit in Nutrition and Food, RDC-Nutrition AFRA/IAEA, Ibn Tofaïl University-CNESTEN, Rabat-Kénitra, Rabat-Kénitra 242, Morocco;
| | | | | | - Rawhieh Barham
- Nutrition Department, Ministry of Health, Amman 11118, Jordan;
| | | | - Laila El Ammari
- Nutrition Department, Ministry of Health, Rabat 335, Morocco;
| | - Jalila Elati
- SURVEN (Nutrition Surveillance and Epidemiology in Tunisia) Research Laboratory, INNTA (National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology), Tunis 1007, Tunisia;
| | | | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Community Nutrition Department, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19395-4741, Iran;
| | - Mohammad Qasem Shams
- Nutrition Department, World Health Organization (WHO), Kabul, Jalalabad Road Pul-e-Charkhi Kabul, Afghanistan;
| | | | - Lara Nasreddine
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11-0236, Lebanon;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +961-1-350000 (ext. 4547)
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Tiruneh T, Shiferaw E, Enawgaw B. Prevalence and associated factors of anemia among full-term newborn babies at University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. Ital J Pediatr 2020; 46:1. [PMID: 31900190 PMCID: PMC6942365 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-019-0764-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anemia in newborn babies causes asymptomatic to an acute life-threatening event. If untreated, it leads to a delay in brain maturation, tissue hypoxia, and stunted growth. In Sub-Saharan Africa, its burden ranges 23-66%. However, in Ethiopia, there is limited information regarding the prevalence and associated factors of newborn anemia. Thus, this study was aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of anemia among full-term newborn babies. METHOD Cross-sectional study was conducted from February 1 to April 30, 2019, among 192 full-term newborn babies. A systematic random sampling technique was employed to select study participants. Socio-demographic characteristics were collected through interviews. Clinical data were collected by reviewing medical records. Cord blood was collected from the clumped cord. Complete blood count was analyzed by using the Sysmex KX-21 N hematology analyzer. SPSS 20 was used to analyze the data. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression were used to identify associated factors. P-value < 0.05 was considered a statistically significant association. RESULT The median (interquartile range) of cord hemoglobin was 15 g/dL (13.93-16.2 g/dL). From the total, 25% (95% CI: 18.9, 31.1%) of the newborns were anemic. From anemic 89.5, 6.3, and 4.2% were mild, moderate and severe anemia type, respectively. Maternal vegetable consumption habit (AOR = 0.34, 95%CI: 0.17, 0.69) were significant associated with anemia. CONCLUSION Anemia among newborn babies found to be a moderate public health problem. Based on the finding early screening of newborn anemia may reduce further complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tegenaw Tiruneh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
- Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Elias Shiferaw
- Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Bamlaku Enawgaw
- Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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