1
|
Santucci C, Mignozzi S, Levi F, Malvezzi M, Bertuccio P, Odone A, Camargo MC, La Vecchia C, Negri E. Cancer mortality predictions for 2024 in selected Asian countries and Australia with focus on stomach cancer. Eur J Cancer Prev 2024:00008469-990000000-00141. [PMID: 38595154 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We estimated cancer mortality figures in five major Asian countries and Australia for 2024, focusing on stomach cancer, a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Eastern Asia. METHODS We computed country- and sex-specific annual age-standardized rates (ASRs) for total cancers and the 10 most common cancer sites, using WHO and the United Nations Population Division databases from 1970 to 2021 or the latest available year. We predicted figures for 2024 and estimated the number of avoided cancer deaths in 1994-2024. RESULTS All cancers combined ASR declined between 2015-2019 and 2024 across considered countries and sexes. In 2024, the lowest predicted male rate is in the Philippines (75.0/100 000) and the highest in Australia (94.2/100 000). The Republic of Korea is predicted to have the lowest female ASR (42.1/100 000) while the Philippines the highest (74.5/100 000). Over the last three decades, 121 300 deaths were estimated to be avoided in Hong Kong SAR, 69 500 in Israel, 1 246 300 in Japan, 653 300 in the Republic of Korea, 303 300 in Australia, and 89 700 among Philippine men. Mortality from stomach cancer has been decreasing since 1970 in all considered countries and both sexes. Significant decreases are at all age groups Male rates remain, however, high in Japan (8.7/100 000) and the Republic of Korea (6.2/100 000). CONCLUSION Declining cancer mortality is predicted in the considered countries, notably reducing stomach cancer burden. Stomach cancer, however, remains a major public health issue in East Asia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Santucci
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Mignozzi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Levi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Services Research, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Malvezzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma
| | - Paola Bertuccio
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia
| | - Anna Odone
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia
- Medical Direction, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - M Constanza Camargo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Eva Negri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hansen LØ, Fürst MB, Bjørsum-Meyer T, Schelde-Olesen B, Deding U, Kaalby L. Factors associated with negative colonoscopy in participants with a positive faecal immunochemical test from the Danish Colorectal Cancer Screening Program - a population-based study. Colorectal Dis 2024; 26:476-485. [PMID: 38297072 DOI: 10.1111/codi.16886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
AIM In the Danish Colorectal Cancer Screening Program (DCCSP), 37% of participants undergoing colonoscopy have a negative result with no obvious findings that can be attributed to a positive faecal immunochemical test (FIT). The aim of this work was to identify predictors for a negative colonoscopy in DCCSP participants with a positive FIT. METHOD We included 73 655 FIT-positive DCCSP participants using the Danish Colorectal Cancer Screening Database and linked their screening results with data from several other national health registers. We stratified participants by all predictors, and compared them using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results are reported as odds ratios (ORs). RESULTS We found that having a condition linked to gastrointestinal bleeding, for example fissures, haemorrhoids and inflammatory bowel disease, was strongly associated with the probability of having a negative colonoscopy [OR 2.77 (95% CI 2.59, 2.96)]. FIT concentration was inversely related to the probability of a negative colonoscopy, the OR decreased steadily from 0.79 (95% CI 0.75, 0.83) in the 40-59 μg/g group, to 0.44 (95% CI 0.42, 0.46) in the ≥200 μg/g group. Women had a 1.64 (95% CI 1.59, 1.70) times higher probability of a negative colonoscopy than men. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that baseline conditions linked to gastrointestinal bleeding are an associating factor with having a negative colonoscopy. The same is true for low FIT concentration and female sex. Further studies with similar findings could suggest that an incorporation of these factors into a personalized screening approach by differentiating between diagnostic modalities could improve the process for the participant while alleviating the health care system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thomas Bjørsum-Meyer
- Department of Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Benedicte Schelde-Olesen
- Department of Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ulrik Deding
- Department of Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lasse Kaalby
- Department of Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhao J, Li G, Ren Y, Zhang Z, Chen H, Zhang H, Zhao X, Li W, Jia Y, Guan X, Liu M. Ellagic acid inhibits human colon cancer HCT-116 cells by regulating long noncoding RNAs. Anticancer Drugs 2023; 34:1112-1121. [PMID: 36847079 PMCID: PMC10569677 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
The natural phenolic compound ellagic acid exerts anti-cancer effects, including activity against colorectal cancer (CRC). Previously, we reported that ellagic acid can inhibit the proliferation of CRC, and can induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This study investigated ellagic acid-mediated anticancer effects using the human colon cancer HCT-116 cell line. After 72 h of ellagic acid treatment, a total of 206 long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) with differential expression greater than 1.5-fold were identified (115 down-regulated and 91 up-regulated). Furthermore, the co-expression network analysis of differentially expressed lncRNA and mRNA showed that differential expressed lncRNA might be the target of ellagic acid activity in inhibiting CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinlu Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Guodong Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Zhicheng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Hongsheng Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Haopeng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xingyu Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Wang Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yucheng Jia
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xue Guan
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang Z, Teng J, Wu W, Dou J, Wong MCS, Gong Y, Huang J, Gu K, Xu W. Diagnostic accuracy of risk assessment and fecal immunochemical test in colorectal cancer screening: Results from a population-based program and meta-analysis. Cancer Med 2023; 12:18189-18200. [PMID: 37578430 PMCID: PMC10524075 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is a commonly used initial test for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. Parallel use of FIT with risk assessment (RA) could improve the detection of non-bleeding lesions, but at the expense of compromising sensitivity. In this study, we evaluated the accuracy of FIT and/or RA in the Shanghai CRC screening program, and systematically reviewed the relevant evaluations worldwide. METHODS RA and 2-specimen FIT were used in parallel in the Shanghai screening program, followed by a colonoscopy among those with positive results. Sensitivity, specificity, detection rate of CRC, positive predictive value (PPV), and other measures with their 95% confident intervals were calculated for each type of tests and several assumed combined tests. We further searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library for relevant studies published in English up to January 5, 2022. RESULTS By the end of 2019, a total of 1,901,360 participants of the screening program completed 3,045,108 tests, with 1,901,360 first-time tests and 1,143,748 subsequent tests. Parallel use of RA and 2-specimen FIT achieved a sensitivity of 0.78 (0.77-0.80), a specificity of 0.78 (0.78-0.78), PPV of 0.89% (0.86-0.92), and a detection rate of 1.99 (1.93-2.05) for CRC per 1000 among participants enrolled in the first screening round, and performed similarly among those who participated for several times. A meta-analysis of 103 published observational studies demonstrated a higher sensitivity [0.76 (0.36, 0.94)] but a much lower specificity [0.59 (0.28, 0.85)] of parallel use of RA and FIT for detecting CRC in average-risk populations than in our subjects. One-specimen FIT, the most commonly used initial test, had a pooled specificity comparable to the Shanghai screening program (0.92 vs. 0.91), but a much higher pooled sensitivity (0.76 vs. 0.57). CONCLUSION Our results indicate the limitation of FIT only as an initial screening test for CRC in Chinese populations, and highlight the higher sensitivity of parallel use of RA and FIT. Attempts should be made to optimize RA to improve effectiveness of screening in the populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Wang
- Department of EpidemiologyFudan University School of Public HealthShanghaiChina
- Yiwu Research InstituteFudan UniversityYiwuChina
| | - Jiaoyue Teng
- Department of EpidemiologyFudan University School of Public HealthShanghaiChina
- Yiwu Research InstituteFudan UniversityYiwuChina
| | - Weimiao Wu
- Department of EpidemiologyFudan University School of Public HealthShanghaiChina
- Yiwu Research InstituteFudan UniversityYiwuChina
| | - Jianming Dou
- The Shanghai Municipal Centers for Disease Control and PreventionShanghaiChina
| | - Martin C. S. Wong
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Yangming Gong
- The Shanghai Municipal Centers for Disease Control and PreventionShanghaiChina
| | - Junjie Huang
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Kai Gu
- The Shanghai Municipal Centers for Disease Control and PreventionShanghaiChina
| | - Wanghong Xu
- Department of EpidemiologyFudan University School of Public HealthShanghaiChina
- Yiwu Research InstituteFudan UniversityYiwuChina
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pardamean CI, Sudigyo D, Budiarto A, Mahesworo B, Hidayat AA, Baurley JW, Pardamean B. Changing Colorectal Cancer Trends in Asians: Epidemiology and Risk Factors. Oncol Rev 2023; 17:10576. [PMID: 37284188 PMCID: PMC10241074 DOI: 10.3389/or.2023.10576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Once an infrequent disease in parts of Asia, the rate of colorectal cancer in recent decades appears to be steadily increasing. Colorectal cancer represents one of the most important causes of cancer mortality worldwide, including in many regions in Asia. Rapid changes in socioeconomic and lifestyle habits have been attributed to the notable increase in the incidence of colorectal cancers in many Asian countries. Through published data from the International Agency for Cancer Research (IARC), we utilized available continuous data to determine which Asian nations had a rise in colorectal cancer rates. We found that East and South East Asian countries had a significant rise in colorectal cancer rates. Subsequently, we summarized here the known genetics and environmental risk factors for colorectal cancer among populations in this region as well as approaches to screening and early detection that have been considered across various countries in the region.
Collapse
|
6
|
Chan FKL, Wong MCS, Chan AT, East JE, Chiu HM, Makharia GK, Weller D, Ooi CJ, Limsrivilai J, Saito Y, Hang DV, Emery JD, Makmun D, Wu K, Ali RAR, Ng SC. Joint Asian Pacific Association of Gastroenterology (APAGE)-Asian Pacific Society of Digestive Endoscopy (APSDE) clinical practice guidelines on the use of non-invasive biomarkers for diagnosis of colorectal neoplasia. Gut 2023:gutjnl-2023-329429. [PMID: 37019620 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-329429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) is effective in reducing CRC related mortality. Current screening methods include endoscopy based and biomarker based approaches. This guideline is a joint official statement of the Asian Pacific Association of Gastroenterology (APAGE) and the Asian Pacific Society of Digestive Endoscopy (APSDE), developed in response to the increasing use of, and accumulating supportive evidence for the role of, non-invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of CRC and its precursor lesions. A systematic review of 678 publications and a two stage Delphi consensus process involving 16 clinicians in various disciplines was undertaken to develop 32 evidence based and expert opinion based recommendations for the use of faecal immunochemical tests, faecal based tumour biomarkers or microbial biomarkers, and blood based tumour biomarkers for the detection of CRC and adenoma. Comprehensive up-to-date guidance is provided on indications, patient selection and strengths and limitations of each screening tool. Future research to inform clinical applications are discussed alongside objective measurement of research priorities. This joint APAGE-APSDE practice guideline is intended to provide an up-to-date guide to assist clinicians worldwide in utilising non-invasive biomarkers for CRC screening; it has particular salience for clinicians in the Asia-Pacific region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francis K L Chan
- Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Martin C S Wong
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - James E East
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic Healthcare, London, UK
| | - Han-Mo Chiu
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Govind K Makharia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - David Weller
- Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Julajak Limsrivilai
- Internal Medicine, Mahidol University Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yutaka Saito
- Endoscopy Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Dao V Hang
- Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Jon D Emery
- Department of General Practice, The University of Melbourne Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Kaichun Wu
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Xian, China
| | | | - Siew C Ng
- Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ghoshal UC, Sachdeva S, Pratap N, Karyampudi A, Mustafa U, Abraham P, Bhatt CB, Chakravartty K, Chaudhuri S, Goyal O, Makharia GK, Panigrahi MK, Parida PK, Patwari S, Sainani R, Sadasivan S, Srinivas M, Upadhyay R, Venkataraman J. Indian consensus statements on irritable bowel syndrome in adults: A guideline by the Indian Neurogastroenterology and Motility Association and jointly supported by the Indian Society of Gastroenterology. Indian J Gastroenterol 2023; 42:249-273. [PMID: 36961659 PMCID: PMC10036984 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-022-01333-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
The Indian Neurogastroenterology and Motility Association (INMA), earlier named the Indian Motility and Functional Diseases Association developed this evidence-based practice guidelines for the management of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). A modified Delphi process was used to develop this consensus containing 28 statements, which were concerning diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, etiopathogenesis and comorbidities, investigations, lifestyle modifications and treatments. Owing to the Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic, lockdowns and mobility restrictions, web-based meetings and electronic voting were the major tools used to develop this consensus. A statement was regarded as accepted when the sum of "completely accepted" and "accepted with minor reservation" voted responses were 80% or higher. Finally, the consensus was achieved on all 28 statements. The consensus team members are of the view that this work may find use in teaching, patient care, and research on IBS in India and other nations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uday C Ghoshal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226 014, India.
| | - Sanjeev Sachdeva
- Department of Gastroenterology, GB Pant Hospital, New Delhi, 110 002, India
| | - Nitesh Pratap
- Department of Gastroenterology, KIMS Hospital, Secunderabad, 500 003, India
| | - Arun Karyampudi
- Department of Gastroenterology, GSL Medical College and General Hospital, Rajahmundry , 533 296, India
| | - Uzma Mustafa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226 014, India
| | - Philip Abraham
- Department of Gastroenterology, P. D. Hinduja Hospital, Mumbai, 400 016, India
| | - Chetan B Bhatt
- Sir HN Reliance Foundation Hospital, Mumbai, 400 004, India
| | - Karmabir Chakravartty
- Department of Gastroenterology, Woodland Multispeciality Hospital, Kolkata, 700 027, India
| | - Sujit Chaudhuri
- Department of Gastroenterology, AMRI Hospitals, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700 098, India
| | - Omesh Goyal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, 141 001, India
| | - Govind K Makharia
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110 029, India
| | - Manas Kumar Panigrahi
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, 751 019, India
| | - Prasanta Kumar Parida
- Department of Gastroenterology, SCB Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack, 753 001, India
| | | | - Rajesh Sainani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jaslok Hospital, Mumbai, 400 026, India
| | - Shine Sadasivan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, 682 041, India
| | - M Srinivas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Health City, Chennai, 600 100, India
| | - Rajesh Upadhyay
- Department of Gastroenterology, Max Superspeciality Hospital, New Delhi, 110 017, India
| | - Jayanthi Venkataraman
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, 600 116, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Extracellular Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase as a Surrogate Marker of Prominent Malignant Potential in Colonic Polyps: A 2-Year Prospective Study. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061702. [PMID: 36980589 PMCID: PMC10046025 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/aims: The implications of extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (eNAMPT), a cancer metabokine, in colonic polyps remain uncertain. Methods: A 2-year prospective cohort study of patients who underwent colonoscopy was conducted. Biochemical parameters and serum eNAMPT levels were analyzed at baseline and every 24 weeks postpolypectomy. NAMPT-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including rs61330082, rs2302559, rs10953502, and rs23058539, were assayed. Results: Of 532 patients, 80 (15%) had prominent malignant potential (PMP) in colonic polyps, including villous adenomas (n = 18, 3.3%), adenomas with high-grade dysplasia (n = 33, 6.2%), and adenocarcinomas (n = 29, 5.5%). Baseline associations were as follows: colonic polyp pathology (p < 0.001), total cholesterol (p = 0.019), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (p = 0.023) with eNAMPT levels; and age (p < 0.001), polyp size (p < 0.001), and eNAMPT levels (p < 0.001) with polyp pathology. Higher baseline eNAMPT levels were noted in patients harboring polyps with PMP than in patients without PMP (p < 0.001), and baseline eNAMPT levels significantly predicted PMP (cutoff: >4.238 ng/mL, p < 0.001). Proportions of eNAMPT-positive glandular and stromal cells were higher in polyps with PMP than in polyps without PMP (64.55 ± 11.94 vs. 14.82 ± 11.45%, p = 0.025). eNAMPT levels decreased within 48 weeks postpolypectomy (p = 0.01) and remained stable afterward regardless of PMP until 96 weeks postpolypectomy. However, those with PMP had a higher degree of eNAMPT decline within 24 weeks (p = 0.046). All investigated SNPs were in linkage disequilibrium with each other but were not associated with eNAMPT levels. Conclusion: With a link to inflammation and lipid metabolism, along with its decreasing trend after polypectomy, serum eNAMPT may serve as a surrogate marker of PMP in colonic polyps. In situ probing of the NAMPT-associated pathway holds promise in attenuating PMP, as much of the eNAMPT likely originates from colonic polyps.
Collapse
|
9
|
Huang J, Lucero-Prisno DE, Zhang L, Xu W, Wong SH, Ng SC, Wong MCS. Updated epidemiology of gastrointestinal cancers in East Asia. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 20:271-287. [PMID: 36631716 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-022-00726-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Globally, gastrointestinal cancers represent more than one-fourth of all cancer incidence and one-third of cancer-related mortality. Although there has been much progress in screening colorectal cancer, the prognosis of other gastrointestinal cancers tends to be poor. The highest burden of gastrointestinal cancers, including stomach, liver, oesophageal and gallbladder cancers, was observed in regions in East Asia. The increasing burden of gastrointestinal cancers in East Asian regions is related to population growth, ageing and the westernization of lifestyle habits in this region. Furthermore, the rising incidence of young-onset colorectal cancer is an emerging trend in East Asia. This Review provides a comprehensive and updated summary of the epidemiology of gastrointestinal cancers in East Asia, with emphasis on comparing their epidemiology in East Asia with that in Western regions, and highlights the major risk factors and implications for prevention. Overall, to optimally reduce the disease burden incurred by gastrointestinal cancers in East Asian regions, a concerted effort will be needed to modify unhealthy lifestyles, promote vaccination against the hepatitis virus, control Helicobacter pylori, liver fluke and hepatitis virus infections, increase the uptake rate of colorectal cancer screening, enhance detection of early cancers and their precursors, and improve cancer survivorship through an organized rehabilitation programme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Huang
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Don Eliseo Lucero-Prisno
- Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Lin Zhang
- Centre of Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,School of Public Health, The Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wanghong Xu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sunny H Wong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Siew C Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,State Key Laboratory for Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Center for Gut Microbiota Research, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Martin C S Wong
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. .,Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. .,School of Public Health, The Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. .,Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ramanathan K, Schliemann D, Binti Ibrahim Tamin NS, Mohan D, Donnelly M, Su TT. Facilitators and barriers to colorectal cancer screening using the immunochemical faecal occult blood test among an average-risk population in semi-rural Malaysia: A qualitative study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279489. [PMID: 36580458 PMCID: PMC9799312 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence in Malaysia is increasing, and most CRC patients are diagnosed at a late stage. This study investigated participant awareness of CRC and their perceptions and views about CRC screening, barriers, benefits, and facilitators towards CRC screening participation as well as health-seeking behaviour and the use of preventative health services. METHOD Eleven focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with a purposive sample of 89 participants aged > 50 from the major ethnic groups in the Segamat District, Johor State. FGDs were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, and translated into English. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS We identified trust in doctors as a key reason for whether or not to seek health care. Generally, the participants had low awareness of CRC sign/symptoms and screening. Emotional and logistic concerns about sending a stool sample to a clinic emerged as the main barriers to screening. Simplified illustrated instructions about stool collection in Malay, Chinese and Tamil, free screening at health clinics and reminders to complete the iFOBT test were perceived to facilitate engagement in screening, and posited as strategies that were likely to increase iFOBT uptake. CONCLUSION Primary care physicians play a crucial role in terms of reducing patient's misperceptions, recommending screening to patients, enhancing attendance, and improving uptake of CRC screening. There is a need for further research to investigate ways in which to reduce identified barriers and implement and test potential facilitative strategies as well as examine adherence by doctors to clinical guidelines about CRC screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kogila Ramanathan
- Global Public Health, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Désirée Schliemann
- Centre for Public Health and UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | | | - Devi Mohan
- Global Public Health, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Michael Donnelly
- Centre for Public Health and UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (MD); (TTS)
| | - Tin Tin Su
- Global Public Health, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Centre for Public Health and UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
- South East Asia Community Observatory (SEACO), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
- * E-mail: (MD); (TTS)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang Z, Yan X, Lu Y, Guo X, Jiao M, Wang W, Sun B, Zhou Y, Hu Q, Chu D. The prognostic impact of BMI on colorectal cancer is stratified by tumor location. Front Oncol 2022; 12:987518. [PMID: 36419882 PMCID: PMC9677941 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.987518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Recent studies have revealed the contrasting prognostic roles of body mass index (BMI) and tumor location in colorectal cancer (CRC). Given that right- and left-sided CRC may exhibit inverse effects on outcome and body weight, the present study aimed to examine whether the prognostic value of BMI and tumor location could be reciprocally stratified. Methods This prospective, observational study recruited 4,086 patients diagnosed with stage III CRC from five independent clinical centers in China. The association of patients’ outcomes with BMI and tumor location was evaluated hierarchically by Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional-hazards models. Results Although BMI was not associated with overall outcome, the association was significantly modified by tumor location. Among left-sided tumors, obesity and overweight were significantly associated with adverse overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). In contrast, among right-sided tumors, overweight was significantly associated with more favorable OS and DSS compared with the normal-weight group. The association of survival with tumor location did not reach statistical significance. However, hierarchical analysis by BMI revealed that left-sided tumors were associated with more favorable outcomes in the normal-weight group, while there was no statistically significant difference in the overweight or obese group. Conclusions BMI and tumor location may have opposing effects on CRC prognosis, when stratified by each other, after adjusting for other known prognostic factors. These findings are the first to show the interactive prognostic impact of BMI and tumor location, which could be relevant to the stratification of patient management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zixi Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xueli Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaowen Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Min Jiao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Weizhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Boqian Sun
- Department of Hospital Management, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tianjin People’s Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qinglin Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Dake Chu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Dake Chu,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sung JJY, Chiu HM, Lieberman D, Kuipers EJ, Rutter MD, Macrae F, Yeoh KG, Ang TL, Chong VH, John S, Li J, Wu K, Ng SSM, Makharia GK, Abdullah M, Kobayashi N, Sekiguchi M, Byeon JS, Kim HS, Parry S, Cabral-Prodigalidad PAI, Wu DC, Khomvilai S, Lui RN, Wong S, Lin YM, Dekker E. Third Asia-Pacific consensus recommendations on colorectal cancer screening and postpolypectomy surveillance. Gut 2022; 71:2152-2166. [PMID: 36002247 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-327377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
The Asia-Pacific region has the largest number of cases of colorectal cancer (CRC) and one of the highest levels of mortality due to this condition in the world. Since the publishing of two consensus recommendations in 2008 and 2015, significant advancements have been made in our knowledge of epidemiology, pathology and the natural history of the adenoma-carcinoma progression. Based on the most updated epidemiological and clinical studies in this region, considering literature from international studies, and adopting the modified Delphi process, the Asia-Pacific Working Group on Colorectal Cancer Screening has updated and revised their recommendations on (1) screening methods and preferred strategies; (2) age for starting and terminating screening for CRC; (3) screening for individuals with a family history of CRC or advanced adenoma; (4) surveillance for those with adenomas; (5) screening and surveillance for sessile serrated lesions and (6) quality assurance of screening programmes. Thirteen countries/regions in the Asia-Pacific region were represented in this exercise. International advisors from North America and Europe were invited to participate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Han-Mo Chiu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - Finlay Macrae
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | - Vui Heng Chong
- Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Hospital, Brunei, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Sneha John
- Digestive Health, Endoscopy, Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jingnan Li
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kaichun Wu
- Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Simon S M Ng
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | - Murdani Abdullah
- Division of Gastroenterology, Pancreatibiliar and Digestive Endoscopy. Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta, Indonesia.,Human Cancer Research Center. IMERI. Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nozomu Kobayashi
- Cancer Screening Center/ Endoscopy Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Screening Technology, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masau Sekiguchi
- Cancer Screening Center/ Endoscopy Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Screening Technology, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jeong-Sik Byeon
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Hyun-Soo Kim
- Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Susan Parry
- National Bowel Screening Programme, New Zealand Ministry of Health, Auckland, New Zealand.,The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | - Rashid N Lui
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Sunny Wong
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore
| | - Yu-Min Lin
- Shin Kong Wu Ho Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - E Dekker
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Guo X, Chang X, Wang Z, Jiang C, Wei Z. CircRNAs: promising factors for regulating angiogenesis in colorectal cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2022; 24:1673-1681. [PMID: 35416599 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02829-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in the world. The incidence rate of cancer is high. The overall response to traditional treatment methods such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy is not very satisfactory. Therefore, finding new therapeutic targets is very important for improving CRC treatment. In recent reports, the role of circRNAs in regulating colorectal angiogenesis has been gradually revealed. CircRNAs can indirectly act on angiogenesis pathways and regulate the expression of growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). CircRNAs are endogenous noncoding RNAs formed by pre-mRNAs through exon circular splicing. The covalent closed-loop structure makes these RNAs highly conserved and stable. CircRNAs have been found in human plasma, serum, urine, and other body fluids. Their highly conserved characteristics play important roles in many biological activities. CircRNAs can participate in the progression of many diseases by sponging miRNAs, interacting with proteins, and regulating transcription. Angiogenesis can provide nutrients and oxygen for tumour proliferation and metastasis. Angiogenesis is an important sign of the formation of the tumour microenvironment. Here, we will summarize the role of the latest circRNAs in the mechanism of angiogenesis in CRC and provide potential therapeutic targets for clinical treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohu Guo
- General Surgery Department, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Xingyu Chang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Zheyuan Wang
- General Surgery Department, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Chenjun Jiang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Zhengang Wei
- General Surgery Department, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Seitz JF, Lapalus D, Arlotto S, Gentile S, Ettori F, Rinaldi Y, Grandval P, Delasalle P. Colorectal cancer screening by fecal immunochemical test or colonoscopy in France: how many people are actually covered? Focus on the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 34:405-410. [PMID: 34882643 PMCID: PMC8876435 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening with fecal immunochemical test (FIT) remains low in France, particularly in the Provence-Alpes-Côte-d'Azur (PACA) region. The aim of this study was to compare insured persons (50-74 years) who had FIT and/or colonoscopy in PACA with the general French population. METHODS FIT and colonoscopy rates were calculated according to SP-France and National Health Data System data. RESULTS The rate of FIT in 2016-2017 was lower in PACA than in France (25.6 vs. 29.1%, P < 0.001). Conversely, in 2013-2017, the rate of colonoscopy in the past 5 years was higher in PACA than in France (23.1 vs. 20.1%, P < 0.001). Total rate for FIT within 2 years and/or colonoscopy within 5 years was 46.0% in PACA vs. 46.5% in France (P < 0.001). Overuse was higher for diagnostic (1.21) than therapeutic colonoscopies (1.05). Therapeutic colonoscopy occurred more with FIT than without (47.88 vs. 38.7%, P < 0.001). According to USA criteria, persons with FIT within 2 years and/or sigmoidoscopy and/or colonoscopy within 10 years was 59.4% in PACA vs. 54.7% in France (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Low participation in FIT in France must be improved to increase the rate of therapeutic colonoscopies and reduce the incidence of CRC. The higher colonoscopy rate in PACA could explain the lower CRC mortality. Efforts should be focused on the more than 40% of French insured who are not screened by either FIT or colonoscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Seitz
- Service Oncologie Digestive & Hépato-Gastroentérologie, CHU Timone, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM) & Aix-Marseille-Univ. (AMU), Marseille
- Centre Régional de Coordination du Dépistage des Cancers – SUD – Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur (CRCDC-Sud-PACA), Marseille
| | - David Lapalus
- Agence Régionale de Santé – Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur (ARS-PACA), Marseille
| | - Sylvie Arlotto
- Service d’Evaluation Médicale, APHM & AMU, Marseille
- EA 3279 Self-Perceived Health Assessment Research Unit, AMU, Marseille, France
| | - Stéphanie Gentile
- Service d’Evaluation Médicale, APHM & AMU, Marseille
- EA 3279 Self-Perceived Health Assessment Research Unit, AMU, Marseille, France
| | - Florence Ettori
- Agence Régionale de Santé – Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur (ARS-PACA), Marseille
| | - Yves Rinaldi
- Centre Régional de Coordination du Dépistage des Cancers – SUD – Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur (CRCDC-Sud-PACA), Marseille
| | - Philippe Grandval
- Service Oncologie Digestive & Hépato-Gastroentérologie, CHU Timone, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM) & Aix-Marseille-Univ. (AMU), Marseille
| | - Patrick Delasalle
- Centre Régional de Coordination du Dépistage des Cancers – SUD – Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur (CRCDC-Sud-PACA), Marseille
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yoshino T, Argilés G, Oki E, Martinelli E, Taniguchi H, Arnold D, Mishima S, Li Y, Smruti BK, Ahn JB, Faud I, Chee CE, Yeh KH, Lin PC, Chua C, Hasbullah HH, Lee MA, Sharma A, Sun Y, Curigliano G, Bando H, Lordick F, Yamanaka T, Tabernero J, Baba E, Cervantes A, Ohtsu A, Peters S, Ishioka C, Pentheroudakis G. Pan-Asian adapted ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the diagnosis treatment and follow-up of patients with localised colon cancer. Ann Oncol 2021; 32:1496-1510. [PMID: 34411693 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The most recent version of the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Clinical Practice Guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of localised colon cancer was published in 2020. It was decided by both the ESMO and the Japanese Society of Medical Oncology (JSMO) to convene a special virtual guidelines meeting in March 2021 to adapt the ESMO 2020 guidelines to take into account the ethnic differences associated with the treatment of localised colon cancer in Asian patients. These guidelines represent the consensus opinions reached by experts in the treatment of patients with localised colon cancer representing the oncological societies of Japan (JSMO), China (CSCO), India (ISMPO), Korea (KSMO), Malaysia (MOS), Singapore (SSO) and Taiwan (TOS). The voting was based on scientific evidence and was independent of the current treatment practices and drug availability and reimbursement situations in the different Asian countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Yoshino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan.
| | - G Argilés
- Luis Diaz Laboratory, MSKCC, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, USA
| | - E Oki
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - E Martinelli
- Department of Precision Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - H Taniguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - D Arnold
- Asklepios Tumorzentrum Hamburg, AK Altona, Hamburg, Germany
| | - S Mishima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Y Li
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - B K Smruti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre and Bombay Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - J B Ahn
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - I Faud
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - C E Chee
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - K-H Yeh
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Oncology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - P-C Lin
- Department of Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - C Chua
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - H H Hasbullah
- Oncology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, UiTM Sg Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M A Lee
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - A Sharma
- Department of Medical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Y Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - G Curigliano
- Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, IRCCS and University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - H Bando
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - F Lordick
- Department of Oncology, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Pulmonology, and Infectious Diseases, University Cancer Center, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - T Yamanaka
- Department of Biostatistics, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - J Tabernero
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Campus and Institute of Oncology (VHIO), UVic-UCC, IOB-Quiron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Baba
- Department of Oncology and Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - A Cervantes
- CIBERONC, Department of Medical Oncology, Institute of Health Research, INCLIVIA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Ohtsu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - S Peters
- Oncology Department, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - C Ishioka
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
New scoring systems for predicting advanced proximal neoplasia in asymptomatic adults with or without knowing distal colorectal findings: a prospective, cross-sectional study. Eur J Cancer Prev 2021; 31:318-325. [PMID: 34545024 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Models estimating risk for advanced proximal colorectal neoplasia (APN) may be used to select colorectal cancer (CRC) screening test, either prior to knowing distal colorectal findings or afterward. Current models have only fair discrimination and nearly all require knowing distal findings. OBJECTIVE Derive and test risk prediction models for APN with and without distal findings. SETTING Selected endoscopy centers within central Indiana, USA. PARTICIPANTS Average-risk persons undergoing first-time screening colonoscopy. INTERVENTIONS Demographics, personal and family medical history, lifestyle factors and physical measures were linked to the most advanced finding in proximal and distal colorectal segments. For both models, logistic regression identified factors independently associated with APN on a derivation set. Based on equation coefficients, points were assigned to each factor, and risk for APN was examined for each score. Scores with comparable risks were collapsed into risk categories. Both models and their scoring systems were tested on the validation set. MAIN OUTCOME APN, defined as any adenoma or sessile serrated lesion ≥1 cm, one with villous histology or high-grade dysplasia, or CRC proximal to the descending colon. RESULTS Among 3025 subjects in the derivation set (mean age 57.3 ± 6.5 years; 52% women), APN prevalence was 4.5%; 2859 (94.5%) had complete data on risk factors. Independently associated with APN were age, sex, cigarette smoking, cohabitation status, metabolic syndrome, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and physical activity. This model (without distal findings) was well-calibrated (P = 0.62) and had good discrimination (c-statistic = 0.73). In low-, intermediate- and high-risk groups that comprised 21, 58 and 21% of the sample, respectively, APN risks were 1.47% (95% CI, 0.67-2.77%), 3.09% (CI, 2.31-4.04%) and 11.6% (CI, 9.10-14.4%), respectively (P < 0.0001), with no proximal CRCs in the low-risk group and 2 in the intermediate-risk group. When tested in the validation set of 1455, the model retained good metrics (calibration P = 0.85; c-statistic = 0.83), with APN risks in low- (22%), intermediate- (56%) and high-risk (22%) subgroups of 0.62% (CI, 0.08-2.23%) 2.20% (CI, 1.31-3.46%) and 13.0% (CI, 9.50-17.2%), respectively (P < 0.0001). There were no proximal CRCs in the low-risk group, and two in the intermediate-risk group. The model with distal findings performed comparably, with validation set metrics of 0.18 for calibration, 0.76 for discrimination and APN risk (% sample) in low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups of 1.1 (69%), 8.3 (22%) and 22.3% (9%). CONCLUSION These models stratify large proportions of average-risk persons into clinically meaningful risk groups, and could improve screening efficiency, particularly for noncolonoscopy-based programs.
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang Z, Li X, Yan X, Qiu H, Li G, Guo X, Lu Y, Yang J, Jiao M, Chen X, Zhu S, Dang C, Wang W, Chu D. Delta-like ligand 4 level in colorectal cancer is associated with tumor aggressiveness, body mass index and clinical outcome. Cancer Biomark 2021; 33:415-422. [PMID: 34487019 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-200986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Notch signaling regulates numerous cell growth, differentiation, and death. However, the expression pattern of its ligand Delta-like 4 (DLL4) in tumors is still uncertain. OBJECTIVE In the present study, we examined DLL4 expression in colorectal cancer as well as assessed its role as a prognostic indicator in the present study. METHODS DLL4 expression was examined by immunohistochemistry in 265 surgically resected specimens of colorectal cancer and adjacent normal tissues. The relationship between DLL4 expression and clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed. The association of DLL4 expression with the patients' overall survival rate was assessed by Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional-hazards regression. RESULTS Increased DLL4 level was detected in colorectal cancer compared with that of normal tissues. Elevated DLL4 level in colorectal cancer was associated with increased body mass index of patients. Moreover, increased DLL4 level was also found to be correlated with tumor invasion, metastases and unfavorable clinical outcom of patients. CONCLUSIONS DLL4 level is increased in colorectal cancer, especially in patients with increased body mass index, indicating potential involvement of obesity-related tumorigenesis and development. It might also serve as a novel molecular marker to predicate outcome of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zixi Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xueli Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - He Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gai Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaowen Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingyi Yang
- Information Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Min Jiao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xue Chen
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine and Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering Research Center of Shaanxi Province, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shaojun Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | | | - Weizhong Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dake Chu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sazali MF, Rahim SSSA, Hayati F, Mohd Daud MN, Avoi R, Omar A, Atil A, Abd Rahim MA, Madrim MF, Mokti K, Ramdzan AR, Sidek Ahmad ZN, Zakaria AD, Che Ani MF, Ibrahim AF, Azhar ZI, Jeffree MS, Hassan MR. Colorectal cancer and potential predictors of never screened for faecal occult blood test: a narrative review. J Public Health Res 2021; 11. [PMID: 34351098 PMCID: PMC8859728 DOI: 10.4081/jphr.2021.2377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major public health threat. Therefore, CRC screening uptake has been a focus with the established precancerous lesion and the strong association of early detection with staging and survival of the disease. However, CRC screening is relatively low in many countries. This article briefly discussed the current situation of CRC, recommendations, and current uptake of CRC screening in various countries. Besides that, this article also highlights the potential factors that help to predict the CRC screening uptake worldwide. Identification of those factors could guide policymakers to develop an effective strategy to improve the CRC screening uptake and ultimately improve the health outcome of the population. Significance for public health This study highlights the public health challenge in early screening for colorectal cancer (CRC). The prevalence of never screened for faecal occult blood test is relatively high. This review dissects the issue and further discuss on the predictors, which could guide policymakers in developing strategy to improve CRC screening uptake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Fazeli Sazali
- Community and Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
| | - Syed Sharizman Syed Abdul Rahim
- Community and Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
| | - Firdaus Hayati
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu.
| | - Mohd Nazri Mohd Daud
- Community and Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
| | - Richard Avoi
- Community and Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
| | - Azizan Omar
- Community and Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
| | - Azman Atil
- Community and Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
| | - Muhammad Aklil Abd Rahim
- Community and Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
| | - Mohd Faizal Madrim
- Community and Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
| | - Khalid Mokti
- Community and Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
| | - Abdul Rahman Ramdzan
- Community and Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
| | - Zulkhairul Naim Sidek Ahmad
- Community and Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
| | - Andee Dzulkarnaen Zakaria
- Department of General Surgery, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan.
| | - Mohd Firdaus Che Ani
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor.
| | - Aini Fahriza Ibrahim
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak.
| | - Zahir Izuan Azhar
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor.
| | - Mohammad Saffree Jeffree
- Community and Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
| | - Mohd Rohaizat Hassan
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Feng GC, Lin Z, Ou W, Su X, Yan Q. A Model-Based Meta-Analysis of Willingness to Participate in Cancer Screening. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:2580. [PMID: 33806652 PMCID: PMC7967393 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Although early screening tests are beneficial for the detection and treatment of cancers, many people have failed to participate in screening tests. The present study aims to explore the theoretical underpinning of low participation in screening programs using the method of meta-analytic structural equation modeling. It was found that the health belief model is the most adopted theoretical framework. Moreover, the intended uptake of screening was positively predicted only by cues to action, health literacy, and perceived susceptibility. As a result, a health intention model, including the three significant variables, is proposed. The practical implications of the findings are that health communication campaigns should focus on enlightening and engaging the public through all necessary means to raise awareness and transfer knowledge in relation to screening procedures as well as cancers per se.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhiliang Lin
- School of Literature and Media, Nanfang College of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510970, China;
| | - Wanhua Ou
- College of Communication, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518600, China; (W.O.); (X.S.)
| | - Xianglin Su
- College of Communication, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518600, China; (W.O.); (X.S.)
| | - Qing Yan
- School of Journalism and Communication, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510610, China;
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
He CY, Chen LZ, Wang ZX, Sun LP, Peng JJ, Wu MQ, Wang TM, Li YQ, Yang XH, Zhou DL, Ye ZL, Ma JJ, Li XZ, Zhang PF, Ju HQ, Mo HY, Zhang ZC, Zeng ZL, Shao JY, Jia WH, Cai SJ, Yuan Y, Xu RH. Performance of common genetic variants in risk prediction for colorectal cancer in Chinese: A two-stage and multicenter study. Genomics 2021; 113:867-873. [PMID: 33545268 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of susceptible variants derived from genome-wide association studies (GWAs) optimizing discriminatory accuracy of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Chinese remains unclear. In the present validation study, we assessed 75 recently identified variants from GWAs. A risk predictive model combining 19 variants using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) statistics offered certain clinical advantages. This model demonstrated an area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) of 0.61 during training analysis and yielded robust AUCs from 0.59 to 0.61 during validation analysis in three independent centers. The individuals carrying the highest quartile of risk score revealed over 2-fold risks of CRC (ranging from 2.12 to 2.90) compared with those who presented the lowest quartile of risk score. This genetic model offered the possibility of partitioning risk within the average risk population, which might serve as a first step toward developing individualized CRC prevention strategies in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Yun He
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China; Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Le-Zong Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Zi-Xian Wang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Li-Ping Sun
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department, Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Jun-Jie Peng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Min-Qing Wu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China; Department of Cancer Prevention, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Tong-Min Wang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Ya-Qi Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xin-Hua Yang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China; Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Da-Lei Zhou
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China; Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Zu-Lu Ye
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China; Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jiang-Jun Ma
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China; Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xi-Zhao Li
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Pei-Fen Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Huai-Qiang Ju
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Hai-Yu Mo
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Zi-Chen Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China; Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Zhao-Lei Zeng
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jian-Yong Shao
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China; Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Wei-Hua Jia
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China.
| | - San-Jun Cai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department, Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China.
| | - Rui-Hua Xu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sazali MF, Syed Abdul Rahim SS, Avoi R, Hassan MR, Hayati F, Azhar ZI, Jeffree MS, Lukman KA, Tha NO, Sajali H, Atil A, Abd Rahim MA. Factors of Never Screened with Faecal Occult Blood Test in Public Primary Care Facilities. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2021; 22:163-169. [PMID: 33507695 PMCID: PMC8184202 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2021.22.1.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is still a major public health threat. In the effort to reduce CRC incidence and mortality, faecal occult blood test (FOBT) is currently the screening tools used for early detection of CRC. However, the uptake of FOBT screening is less than promising. This study aims to identify the prevalence and predictors of Never Screened with FOBT (NS-FOBT). METHODS A cross sectional study was conducted in five health clinics under Kota Kinabalu district, Sabah, Malaysia Borneo involving 162 attendees with age of 50 years old and above. A validated self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of NS-FOBT. RESULTS The prevalence of NS-FOBT was 85.8% (n=139). Important predictors of NS-FOBT were age (aOR: 0.922; 95% CI: 0.855, 0.995; p=0.035), Bumiputera ethnicity (vs Non Bumiputera; aOR: 4.285; 95% CI: 1.384, 13.263; p=0.012), knowledge score (aOR: 0.921; 95% CI: 0.856, 0.99; p=0.027), and attitude score (aOR: 0.801; 95% CI: 0.702, 0.913; p=0.001). CONCLUSION There is high prevalence of NS-FOBT. Age, ethnicity, knowledge, and attitude were important predictors of NS-FOBT. Strategies are needed to improve FOBT screening rate among the public. Socio-culturally tailored health promotion strategies as well as strengthening the communication, collaboration, and education to enhance the role of family physician is vital in improving the CRC prevention and care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Fazeli Sazali
- Department of Community Health and Family Medicine, Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia.
| | - Syed Sharizman Syed Abdul Rahim
- Department of Community Health and Family Medicine, Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia.
| | - Richard Avoi
- Department of Community Health and Family Medicine, Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Rohaizat Hassan
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia.
| | - Firdaus Hayati
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia.
| | - Zahir Izuan Azhar
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
| | - Mohammad Saffree Jeffree
- Department of Community Health and Family Medicine, Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia.
| | - Khamisah Awang Lukman
- Department of Community Health and Family Medicine, Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia.
| | - Naing Oo Tha
- Department of Community Health and Family Medicine, Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia.
| | - Helmy Sajali
- Department of Community Health and Family Medicine, Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia.
| | - Azman Atil
- Department of Community Health and Family Medicine, Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia.
| | - Muhammad Aklil Abd Rahim
- Department of Community Health and Family Medicine, Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Transcription factors in colorectal cancer: molecular mechanism and therapeutic implications. Oncogene 2020; 40:1555-1569. [PMID: 33323976 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01587-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of cancer mortality worldwide, however, the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of CRC remain largely unclear. Recent studies have revealed crucial roles of transcription factors in CRC development. Transcription factors essential for the regulation of gene expression by interacting with transcription corepressor/enhancer complexes and they orchestrate downstream signal transduction. Deregulation of transcription factors is a frequent occurrence in CRC, and the accompanying drastic changes in gene expression profiles play fundamental roles in multistep process of tumorigenesis, from cellular transformation, disease progression to metastatic disease. Herein, we summarized current and emerging key transcription factors that participate in CRC tumorigenesis, and highlighted their oncogenic or tumor suppressive functions. Moreover, we presented critical transcription factors of CRC, emphasized the major molecular mechanisms underlying their effect on signal cascades associated with tumorigenesis, and summarized of their potential as molecular biomarkers for CRC prognosis therapeutic response, as well as drug targets for CRC treatment. A better understanding of transcription factors involved in the development of CRC will provide new insights into the pathological mechanisms and reveal novel prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic strategies for CRC.
Collapse
|
23
|
Al-Azri M, Al-Khatri S, Murthi Panchatcharam S. Attitudes toward and Knowledge of Colorectal Cancer Screening among an Omani Adult Population Attending a Teaching Hospital. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:3061-3068. [PMID: 33112568 PMCID: PMC7798140 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.10.3061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in Oman after breast and thyroid. Awareness regarding the availability of CRC screening services could play a major role in promoting early detection and reducing mortality rates. The aim of this study was to identify public knowledge and attitudes toward CRC screening. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 410 members of the public attending the Sultan Qaboos University Hospital in Muscat, Oman. A questionnaire was developed to assess the participants’ general knowledge, barriers and factors affecting attitudes, beliefs and behaviors regarding CRC screening. Results: A total of 410 members of the public participated from 500 invited (response rate: 82.0%). Most of the participants had not heard of CRC screening (76.3%) and were unaware of different screening methods (92.9%). The majority (93.9%) had not undergone CRC screening in Oman; however, 70.6% reported that they would be willing to do so in the future, particularly if recommended by doctors (52.7%). Barriers to screening included feeling embarrassed by the idea of a colonoscopy (73.9%), not having any symptoms of CRC (65.1%) and a fear of being diagnosed with CRC (55.6%). A bivariate analysis indicated that males demonstrated significantly more awareness of CRC screening compared to females (64.9% versus 35.1%; p = 0.004) and younger participants (<40 years of age) were significantly more aware of CRC screening compared to their older counterparts (75.3% versus 24.7%; p = 0.025). Conclusions: The majority of public in Oman showed low knowledge and awareness of CRC screening and identified several emotional barriers that might result in poor participation should screening be considered. Public education and the involvement of healthcare professionals is paramount to the implementation of a large-scale CRC screening program in Oman. In addition, addressing the sources of emotional barriers to screening is necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Al-Azri
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences. Sultan Qaboos University, P O Box 35. Postal Code 123. Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Sharouq Al-Khatri
- College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Shan J, Yang M, Ran W, Xi W, Jiang L, Sun X. Efficacy of single- versus split-dose polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution for morning colonoscopy: A randomized controlled study. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:292359. [PMID: 32801257 PMCID: PMC8019134 DOI: 10.4103/sjg.sjg_58_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Split-dose (SPD) regimen has been proved more effective than a single-dose (SID) regimen for various drug preparations; however, limited data have focused on morning colonoscopy. We implemented this study to compare the bowel cleanliness and tolerability of a same-day SID versus SPD 2 L polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution (PEG) for morning colonoscopy. METHODS Patients undergoing morning colonoscopy were randomized into two groups, SID or SPD. In the SID group, patients had to complete 2 L PEG between 4 and 6 am on the day of colonoscopy. In the SPD group, patients had to complete 1 L PEG between 8 and 9 pm on the day before followed by another 1 L PEG between 5 and 6 am on the day of colonoscopy. Colonoscopy was performed between 8 and 12 am under anesthesia. Investigators and endoscopists were blinded to the allocation. The primary end point was the effectiveness of bowel cleansing according to the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS). The secondary outcomes were polyp detection rate, compliance, tolerability, and patient satisfaction. RESULTS Overall, there were 147 and 148 patients in the SID and SPD group, respectively. The SPD group had a better quality of bowel preparation than the SID group with a total BBPS score of 7.25 ± 1.53 versus 6.71 ± 1.65 (P = 0.005). No difference in the polyp detection rate was noted, although more polyps were detected in the SPD group. More patients felt acceptable with the bowel preparation regimen in the SPD group compared to the SID group (76% vs. 65%, P = 0.03). The adverse events were more commonly observed in the SID group, presented as nausea and vomiting. CONCLUSION For morning colonoscopy, split-dose 2 L PEG is superior to single-dose 2 L PEG by improved bowel preparation, better tolerability, and patient satisfaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Shan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenbin Ran
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Weidong Xi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaobin Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Value of routine test for identifying colorectal cancer from patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. BMC Gastroenterol 2020; 20:180. [PMID: 32517710 PMCID: PMC7285775 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-020-01327-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a risk factor for colorectal neoplasms. Our goal is to explore the relationship between NAFLD and colorectal cancer (CRC) and to analyze potential indicators for screening CRC in NAFLD based on clinical big data. Methods Demographic information and routine clinical indicators were extracted from Xiangya Medical Big Data Platform. 35,610 NAFLD cases without CRC (as group NAFLD-CRC), 306 NAFLD cases with CRC (as group NAFLD-NonCRC) and 10,477 CRC cases without NAFLD were selected and evaluated. The CRC incidence was compared between NAFLD population and general population by Chi-square test. Independent sample t-test was used to find differences of age, gender and routine clinical indicators in pairwise comparisons of NAFLD-CRC, NAFLD-NonCRC and nonNAFLD-CRC. Results NAFLD population had a higher CRC incidence than general population (7.779‰ vs 3.763‰, P < 0.001). Average age of NAFLD-CRC (58.79 ± 12.353) or nonNAFLD-CRC (59.26 ± 13.156) was significantly higher than NAFLD-nonCRC (54.15 ± 14.167, p < 0.001). But age had no significant difference between NAFLD-CRC and nonNAFLD-CRC (P > 0.05). There was no different gender distribution for three groups (P > 0.05). NAFLD-CRC had lower anaemia-related routine clinical indicators such as decrease of red blood cell count, mean hemoglobin content and hemoglobin than NAFLD-nonCRC (P < 0.05 for all). Anemia of NAFLD-CRC was typical but it might be slighter than nonNAFLD-CRC. More interestingly, NAFLD-CRC had distinct characteristics of leukocyte system such as lower white blood cell count (WBC) and neutrophil count (NEU_C) and higher basophil percentage (BAS_Per) than nonNAFLD-CRC and NAFLD-nonCRC (P < 0.05 for all). Compared with NAFLD-nonCRC, the change of WBC, BAS_Per and NEU_C in NAFLD-CRC was different from that in nonNAFLD-CRC. In addition, NAFLD-CRC had a higher level of low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL), lower level of triglyceride (TG) and Albumin-to-globulin ratio (A/G) than NFLD-nonCRC (P < 0.05 for all). Conclusions NAFLD is associated with a high incidence of CRC. Age is an important factor for CRC and the CRC incidence increases with age. Anemia-related blood routine clinical indicators, leukocyte system and blood lipid indicators may be more important variables for identifying CRC in NAFLD. So blood routine test and liver function/blood lipid test are valuable for screening CRC in NAFLD.
Collapse
|
26
|
Li X, Chen R, Li Z, Luo B, Geng W, Wu X. Diagnostic Value of Combining miRNAs, CEA Measurement and the FOBT in Colorectal Cancer Screening. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:2549-2557. [PMID: 32346309 PMCID: PMC7167282 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s238492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common illnesses that seriously threatens human health; many papers have reported that microRNAs (miRNAs) are promising biomarkers for cancer detection. However, miRNAs have not been used in clinical practice even though they are superior to the currently used screening tools, such as the fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) measurement. Methods In this study, we focused on the usefulness of a panel of miRNAs and the combination of miRNAs with the FOBT and CEA measurement, the currently used general diagnosis methods, to improve the accuracy of CRC diagnosis. Results The results showed that the miRNA panel has great potential value as a diagnostic biomarker with high specificity and sensitivity, and further analysis demonstrated that the miRNA panel had higher sensitivity and specificity than the FOBT and CEA measurement, even when these methods were combined. More importantly, although the miRNA panel is superior to the FOBT and CEA measurement, it cannot replace them. Conclusions In this research, we investigated whether complementarity exists between the miRNA panel and the FOBT and CEA measurement for CRC diagnosis. Interestingly, the results indicated that the FOBT and CEA measurement could improve the positivity rate of the miRNA panel as a biomarker and vice versa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Li
- Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of the Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Chen
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of the Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhifa Li
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of the Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Luo
- Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of the Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyan Geng
- Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of the Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobing Wu
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of the Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Li X, Li Z, Zhu Y, Li Z, Yao L, Zhang L, Yuan L, Shang Y, Liu J, Li C. miR-524-5p inhibits angiogenesis through targeting WNK1 in colon cancer cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2020; 318:G827-G839. [PMID: 32174132 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00369.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that microRNA (miRNA) abnormity is involved in the occurrence and the development of various malignancies, including colon cancer. MiRNA-524-5p has been reported to possess anticancer activity in various tumors, which function is seldom investigated in colon cancer cells. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of the miRNA-524-5p/with-no-lysine kinase 1 (WNK1) system on angiogenesis in a colon cancer cell line (HT-29 and COLO205 cells) and further investigate the potential mechanisms. We found miRNA-524-5p expression was relatively high in COLO205 cells and relatively low in HT-29 cells. Elevating miRNA-524-5p expression inhibited proliferation, induced cycle arrest, diminished vascular endothelial growth factor production, and thereby suppressed angiogenesis in HT-29 cells. WNK1 silencing exerted the ability of antiangiogenesis in HT-29 cells. Besides, miRNA-524-5p deficiency-induced angiogenesis was impeded by WNK1 silence in COLO205 cells. In a murine tumor model, miRNA-524-5p agomir treatment significantly suppressed colon cancer tumorigenicity with the downregulation of WNK1 expression. In summary, our results indicated that miRNA-524-5p inhibited angiogenesis in colon cancer cells via targeting WNK1.NEW & NOTEWORTHY MiRNA-524-5p inhibited angiogenesis in colon cancer cells via targeting with-no-lysine kinase 1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Zitao Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhu Li
- Image Equipment and Technology Laboratory, College of Medical Imaging, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihong Yao
- Department of Ultrasound, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lamei Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Department of Ultrasound, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Shang
- Department of Ultrasound, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianting Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Caijuan Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Prevention and Treatment of Heilongjiang Province, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wang ZB, Zhang HY, Lu JB. Expression and Effects of Long Non-Coding RNA, LINC01124, in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 12:11729-11736. [PMID: 32099381 PMCID: PMC6997214 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s214049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the expression and evaluate the clinical significance of long non-coding RNA, LINC01124, in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to study its influence in this tumor. Methods Hundred specimens of NSCLC tissues and normal lung tissues after surgery were collected. The qRT-PCR for LINC01124 expression was performed on cancerous and normal lung tissues. The correlations between the expression of LINC01124 and pathological characteristics were analyzed. PcDNA-LINC01124 was transfected to upregulate LINC01124 expression in NSCLC cells, and the transfection efficiency was evaluated by the qRT-PCR. CCK8 assay, wound-healing assay, and the Transwell assay were performed to evaluate the effect of ectopic LINC01124 expression on proliferation, migration, and invasive of NSCLC cells. Results The expression level of LINC01124 was downregulated in tumor tissues when compared with the paired normal lung tissues (P<0.05). The expression of LINC01124 was associated with patients’ age and distant metastasis (P<0.05). Enforced expression of LINC01124 significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasive ability of NSCLC cells. Conclusion The expression of LINC01124 was decreased in patients with NSCLC of older age and with those having distant metastasis. LINC01124 may inhibit cell proliferation, migration, and invasive ability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Bo Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Yan Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Bin Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Yaacob NA, Mohamad Marzuki MF, Yaacob NM, Ahmad SB, Abu Hassan MR. Effectiveness of the ColorApp Mobile App for Health Education and Promotion for Colorectal Cancer: Quasi-Experimental Study. JMIR Hum Factors 2020; 7:e15487. [PMID: 32130119 PMCID: PMC7064964 DOI: 10.2196/15487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lack of knowledge and poor attitude are barriers to colorectal cancer screening participation. Printed material, such as pamphlets and posters, have been the main approach in health education on disease prevention in Malaysia. Current information technology advancements have led to an increasing trend of the public reading from websites and mobile apps using their mobile phones. Thus, health information dissemination should also be diverted to websites and mobile apps. Increasing knowledge and awareness could increase screening participation and prevent late detection of diseases such as colorectal cancer. Objective This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the ColorApp mobile app in improving the knowledge and attitude on colorectal cancer among users aged 50 years and older, who are the population at risk for the disease in Kedah. Methods A quasi-experimental study was conducted with 100 participants in Kedah, Malaysia. Participants from five randomly selected community empowerment programs in Kota Setar district were in the intervention group; Kuala Muda district was the control group. Participants were given a self-administered validated questionnaire on knowledge and attitudes toward colorectal cancer. A mobile app, ColorApp (Colorectal Cancer Application), was developed as a new educational tool for colorectal cancer prevention. The intervention group used the app for two weeks. The same questionnaire was redistributed to both groups after two weeks. The mean percentage scores for knowledge and attitude between groups were compared using repeated measure ANCOVA. Results There was no significant difference in age, sex, highest education level, current occupation, and diabetic status between the two groups. The number of smokers was significantly higher in the intervention group compared with the control group and was controlled for during analysis. The intervention group showed a significantly higher mean knowledge score compared with the control group with regards to time (Huynh-Feldt: F1,95=19.81, P<.001). However, there was no significant difference in mean attitude scores between the intervention and control groups with regards to time (F1,95=0.36, P=.55). Conclusions The ColorApp mobile app may be an adjunct approach in educating the public on colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nor Azwany Yaacob
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Fadhil Mohamad Marzuki
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Najib Majdi Yaacob
- Unit of Biostatistics and Research Methodology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Shahrul Bariyah Ahmad
- Non-Communicable Disease Control Unit, Kedah State Health Department, Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Mari A, Mahamid M, Amara H, Baker FA, Yaccob A. Chronic Constipation in the Elderly Patient: Updates in Evaluation and Management. Korean J Fam Med 2020; 41:139-145. [PMID: 32062960 PMCID: PMC7272371 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.18.0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic constipation (CC) is a common disorder in the elderly population globally and is associated with comorbidities and negative implications on the quality of life. Constipation prevalence varies in different studies, primarily owing to the nonuniformity of the diagnostic criteria. However, 15%-30% of individuals aged >60 years are diagnosed with CC. Primary care physicians are the main healthcare providers that manage constipation in elderly patients in parallel with increased population aging and increased prevalence of constipation. Physical inactivity, polypharmacy, chronic medical conditions, rectal hyposensitivity, and defecatory disorders all play a role in the pathogenesis of CC in elderly patients. Detailed anamnesis, particularly history related to chronic medication use, with digital rectal examination may assist in identifying constipation causes. Additionally, blood tests and colonoscopy may identify organic causes of CC. Physiologic tests (i.e., anorectal manometry, colonic transit time with radiopaque markers, and defecography) can evaluate the physiologic function of the colon, rectum, and anus. However, generally, there are several causes of constipation in older patients, and an individualized approach is recommended. Treatment of chronic idiopathic constipation is empiric, based on the stepwise approach. Lifestyle advice, adjustment of chronic medications, and prescription of laxatives are the first steps of management. Several laxatives are available, and the treatment is evolving in the last decade. Biofeedback is an effective therapy especially for defecatory disorders. This review aimed to summarize the most updated knowledge for primary care physicians in the approach and management of CC in elderly patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Mari
- Gastroenterology Institute, Nazareth EMMS Hospital, Nazareth, Israel.,The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Mahmud Mahamid
- Gastroenterology Institute, Nazareth EMMS Hospital, Nazareth, Israel.,The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Hana Amara
- Gastroenterology Institute, Nazareth EMMS Hospital, Nazareth, Israel.,The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Fadi Abu Baker
- Gastroenterology Institute, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Afif Yaccob
- Gastroenterology and Liver Disease Department, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Azzam N, AlRuthia Y, Alharbi O, Aljebreen A, Almadi M, Alarfaj M, Alsaleh K, Almasoud A, Alsharidah M, Alseneidi S, Alali F, Alalwan M. Predictors of Survival Among Colorectal Cancer Patients in a Low Incidence Area. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:451-459. [PMID: 32021457 PMCID: PMC6982433 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s233215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer is the third most common malignancy in Saudi Arabia. The best therapeutic regimen for colorectal cancer is a matter of ongoing debate and data on its treatment in Saudi Arabia are limited. Purpose The objective of this study was to explore the predictors of survival and to compare the risk of mortality among colorectal cancer patients treated with different therapeutic modalities. Patients and Methods The study utilized data from the electronic colorectal cancer registry of a university-affiliated tertiary care hospital. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to estimate the survival rates over 36 months of follow-up across rectal and colon cancer patients as well as different sociodemographic and medical characteristics. Bivariate and multiple Cox proportional-hazards regressions were conducted to estimate the risk of mortality among rectal and colon cancer patients undergoing different treatments. Results The number of patients in the registry who were followed up for 36 months was 143 patients. The majority of patients had colon cancer (74.13%). Rectal cancer patients had generally better survival estimates compared to their colon cancer counterparts. Colon cancer patients treated with chemotherapy had a significantly lower risk of mortality controlling for the use of surgery, radiotherapy, and other variables including age, gender, stage of cancer, and family history of colorectal cancer (HR=0.33; P=0.03). Additionally, colon cancer patients with a family history of colorectal cancer had significantly higher risk of mortality (HR=3.40; P=0.02). Conclusion The findings of this study highlight the value of chemotherapy in managing colon cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nahla Azzam
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yazed AlRuthia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Pharmacoeconomics Research Unit, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Othman Alharbi
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Aljebreen
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majid Almadi
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Division of Gastroenterology, The McGill University Health Center, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Maryam Alarfaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Alsaleh
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Almasoud
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhannad Alsharidah
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Alseneidi
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah Alali
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malak Alalwan
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kim BC, Kang M, Park E, Shim JI, Kang S, Lee J, Tchoe HJ, Kong KA, Kim DH, Kim YJ, Choi KS, Moon CM. Clinical Factors Associated with Adherence to the Follow-Up Examination after Positive Fecal Occult Blood Test in National Colorectal Cancer Screening. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9010260. [PMID: 31963658 PMCID: PMC7019756 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9010260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The compliance with the follow-up examination after a positive fecal occult blood test (FOBT) is lower than expected. We aimed to evaluate the adherence rate to the follow-up examination in patients with a positive FOBT and to identify the clinical factors associated with this adherence. Methods: The study population comprised adults aged ≥50 years who participated in the National Cancer Screening Program for colorectal cancer (CRC) in 2013. Compliance was defined as undergoing follow-up examination within 1 year of a positive FOBT. Results: From 214,131 individuals with a positive FOBT, 120,911 (56.5%) were in the compliance group and 93,220 (43.5%) were in the non-compliance group. On multivariate analysis, good compliance was associated with men (odds ratio (OR) = 1.12, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.09–1.15)), younger ages (70–79 years, OR = 2.19 (2.09–2.31); 60–69 years, OR = 3.29 (3.13–3.46); 50–59 years, OR = 3.57 (3.39–3.75) vs. >80 years), previous experience of CRC screening (a negative FOBT, OR = 1.18 (1.15–1.21); a positive FOBT, OR = 2.42 (2.31–2.54)), absent previous experience of colonoscopy or barium enema (OR = 2.06 (1.99–2.13)), higher economic income (quartile, 75%, OR = 1.14 (1.11–1.17); 100%, OR = 1.22 (1.19–1.25)), current smokers (OR = 1.12 (1.09–1.15)), alcohol intake (OR = 1.03 (1.01–1.05)), active physical activity (≥3 times/week, OR = 1.13 (1.11–1.15)), depression (OR = 1.11 (1.08–1.14)), and present comorbidities (Charlson Comorbidity Index, ≥1). Conclusion: This study identified clinical factors, namely, male, younger ages, prior experience of fecal test, absent history of colonoscopy or double-contrast barium enema (DCBE) within 5 years, and high socioeconomic status to be associated with good adherence to the follow-up examination after a positive FOBT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Byung Chang Kim
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, Center for Cancer Prevention and Detection, Cancer Epidemiology Branch, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408, Korea;
| | - Minjoo Kang
- National Evidence-Based Healthcare Collaborating Agency (NECA), Seoul, Korea; (M.K.); (E.P.); (J.-I.S.); (S.K.); (J.L.); (H.J.T.)
| | - Eunjung Park
- National Evidence-Based Healthcare Collaborating Agency (NECA), Seoul, Korea; (M.K.); (E.P.); (J.-I.S.); (S.K.); (J.L.); (H.J.T.)
| | - Jeong-Im Shim
- National Evidence-Based Healthcare Collaborating Agency (NECA), Seoul, Korea; (M.K.); (E.P.); (J.-I.S.); (S.K.); (J.L.); (H.J.T.)
| | - Shinhee Kang
- National Evidence-Based Healthcare Collaborating Agency (NECA), Seoul, Korea; (M.K.); (E.P.); (J.-I.S.); (S.K.); (J.L.); (H.J.T.)
| | - Jessie Lee
- National Evidence-Based Healthcare Collaborating Agency (NECA), Seoul, Korea; (M.K.); (E.P.); (J.-I.S.); (S.K.); (J.L.); (H.J.T.)
| | - Ha Jin Tchoe
- National Evidence-Based Healthcare Collaborating Agency (NECA), Seoul, Korea; (M.K.); (E.P.); (J.-I.S.); (S.K.); (J.L.); (H.J.T.)
| | - Kyeong Ae Kong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea;
| | - Duk Hwan Kim
- Digestive Disease Center, Department of Internal Medicine, CHA University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do 11160, Korea;
| | - Yu Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Gangwon-do 24252, Korea;
| | - Kui Son Choi
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.S.C.); (C.M.M.); Tel.: +82-31-920-2912 (K.S.C.); +82-2-2650-2945 (C.M.M.); Fax: +82-31-920-2189 (K.S.C.); +82-2-2655-2076 (C.M.M.)
| | - Chang Mo Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07985, Korea
- Tissue Injury Defense Research Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.S.C.); (C.M.M.); Tel.: +82-31-920-2912 (K.S.C.); +82-2-2650-2945 (C.M.M.); Fax: +82-31-920-2189 (K.S.C.); +82-2-2655-2076 (C.M.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Su T, Huang L, Zhang N, Peng S, Li X, Wei G, Zhai E, Zeng Z, Xu L. FGF14 Functions as a Tumor Suppressor through Inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway in Colorectal Cancer. J Cancer 2020; 11:819-825. [PMID: 31949485 PMCID: PMC6959027 DOI: 10.7150/jca.36316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We identified that Fibroblast Growth Factor 14 (FGF14) was preferentially methylated in colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we aimed to investigate the epigenetic regulation, biological function and molecular mechanism of FGF14 in CRC. The expression of FGF14 in CRC cell lines, normal human colon epithelial cell line, CRC tissues and paired adjacent normal tissues was detected by PCR and Western blot. The biological function of FGF14 in CRC was interrogated by cell viability assay, colony formation, flow cytometry, cell invasion and migration assay, as well as in vivo study. We found FGF14 was downregulated or silenced in all (10/10) CRC cell lines, while it was expressed in normal colonic tissues and normal human colon epithelial cell line. The expression of FGF14 was lower in primary CRCs as compared to their adjacent normal tissues. Significant higher methylation of FGF14 was observed in CRCs than that in normal tissues based on the data from TCGA database. The loss of FGF14 gene expression was restored by treatment with DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-Aza. Re-expression of FGF14 in CRC cell lines inhibited cell viability and colony formation, and induced cell apoptosis. FGF14 induced mitochondrial apoptosis and inhibited PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. In xenograft mouse model, overexpression of FGF14 significantly reduced tumor growth (P<0.001). In conclusion, FGF14 is a novel tumor suppressor, which suppresses cell proliferation and induces cell apoptosis via mediating PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianhong Su
- Department of Liver Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Linlin Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital/Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Sui Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Clinical Trials Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Precision Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoxing Li
- Precision Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guangyan Wei
- Department of Liver Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ertao Zhai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhirong Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lixia Xu
- Precision Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Fatemian AS, Abdolvand N, Salimzadeh H, Delavari A. Predictive Factors of Advanced Colonic Adenomas and Cancer Using Data Mining. Middle East J Dig Dis 2019; 11:192-198. [PMID: 31824621 PMCID: PMC6895854 DOI: 10.15171/mejdd.2019.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is the third common cancer in Iran. In this study we aimed to identify factors associated with the prevalence of advanced colonic neoplasms among a high-risk population. METHODS Participants were 474 first degree relatives of patients with colon cancer who underwent a screening colonoscopy at Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Features examined in this study were age, sex, body mass index, Aspirin use, smoking, and relationship type with patients with cancer in family. Also, patient’s age at the time of cancer diagnosis, number and sex of the patients with colon cancer in the family were assessed. Data analysis was performed by data mining methods using K-Medoid clustering and decision tree C4.5. RESULTS Results showed that female sex of the patients with colon cancer and their young age (< 60 years old) at the time of cancer diagnosis were important predictive factors for the prevalence of colorectal advanced neoplasms among their family members. CONCLUSION Data mining methods were found to be applicable in recognizing predictive factors of colorectal advanced neoplasms in each cluster and tree.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Neda Abdolvand
- Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Delavari
- Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Onyoh EF, Hsu WF, Chang LC, Lee YC, Wu MS, Chiu HM. The Rise of Colorectal Cancer in Asia: Epidemiology, Screening, and Management. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2019; 21:36. [PMID: 31289917 DOI: 10.1007/s11894-019-0703-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the third most commonly diagnosed cancer globally, and its incidence and mortality rates have been on the rise in Asia. In this paper, we summarize the recent trends and screening challenges of CRC in this region. RECENT FINDINGS In 2018, Asia had the highest proportions of both incident (51.8%) and mortality (52.4%) CRC cases (all genders and ages) per 100,000 population in the world. In addition, there has been a rising trend of this disease across Asia with some regional geographic variations. This rise in CRC can be attributed to westernized dietary lifestyle, increasing population aging, smoking, physical inactivity, and other risk factors. In curbing the rising trend, Japan, South Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan have launched nationwide population-based screening programs. CRC screening across this region has been found to be effective and cost-effective compared with no screening at all. The emergence of new therapies has caused a reduction in case fatality; however, these new options have had a limited impact on cure rates and long-term survival due to the great disparity in treatment capacity/resources and screening infrastructures among Asian countries with different degrees of economic development. CRC is still rising in Asia, and implementation of screening is necessary for moderate- to high-incidence countries and construction of treatment capacity is the priority task in low-incidence and low-income countries. Unless countries in Asia implement CRC screening, the incidence and mortality rates of this disease will continue to rise especially with the rapidly rising population growth, economic development, westernized lifestyle, and increasing aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elias F Onyoh
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- AIDS Care and Prevention Program, Cameroon Baptist Convention Health Services, Bamenda, Cameroon
- Taiwanese Colorectal Cancer Screening Program, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Feng Hsu
- Taiwanese Colorectal Cancer Screening Program, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chun Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chia Lee
- Taiwanese Colorectal Cancer Screening Program, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shiang Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Mo Chiu
- Taiwanese Colorectal Cancer Screening Program, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wong MCS, Ding H, Wang J, Chan PSF, Huang J. Prevalence and risk factors of colorectal cancer in Asia. Intest Res 2019; 17:317-329. [PMID: 31085968 PMCID: PMC6667372 DOI: 10.5217/ir.2019.00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) is a substantial public health burden, and it is increasingly affecting populations in Asian countries. The overall prevalence of CRC is reported to be low in Asia when compared with that in Western nations, yet it had the highest number of prevalent cases. This review described the prevalence of CRC in Asia according to the International Agency for Research on Cancer from World Health Organization (WHO) database and summarized its major risk factors. Non-modifiable factors include genetic factors, ethnicity, age, gender, family history and body height; smoking, alcohol drinking, weight, Westernized diet, physical inactivity, chronic diseases and microbiota were involved in environmental factors. These risk factors were separately discussed in this review according to published literature from Asian countries. CRC screening has been playing an important role in reducing its disease burden. Some recommendations on its screening practices have been formulated in guidelines for Asia Pacific countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin CS Wong
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Hanyue Ding
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Jingxuan Wang
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Paul SF Chan
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Junjie Huang
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Dong M, Xie Y, Xu Y. miR-7-5p regulates the proliferation and migration of colorectal cancer cells by negatively regulating the expression of Krüppel-like factor 4. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:3241-3246. [PMID: 30867755 PMCID: PMC6396112 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that microRNA-7-5p (miR-7-5p) functions as a tumor suppressor in certain types of human cancer. However, the role of miR-7-5p in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains to be investigated. Using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), the present study demonstrated that miR-7-5p was downregulated in CRC tissues and cell lines. In addition, low miR-7-5p expression is able to predict a poor 5-year overall survival rate for patients with CRC. In vitro studies revealed that miR-7-5p overexpression inhibits cell proliferation and migration. Furthermore, Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), an oncogene in CRC, was validated as a direct target of miR-7-5p. KLF4 expression was negatively correlated with miR-7-5p expression in CRC tissues. Notably, KLF4 overexpression rescued the suppressive effects of miR-7-5p on CRC cell proliferation and migration. In summary, the results of this study demonstrated that miR-7-5p inhibits CRC proliferation and migration by targeting KLF4, which suggests that miR-7-5p is a potential molecular target for the treatment of human CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Dong
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The No. 2 Hospital of Ningbo, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Yangyang Xie
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The No. 2 Hospital of Ningbo, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Yidong Xu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The No. 2 Hospital of Ningbo, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
Acromegaly results in a significantly increased morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular and respiratory complications, as well as malignancies arising mainly from the colon. Furthermore, an increased lifetime risk of malignant transformation of pre-malignant colonic lesions relates to a worse overall prognosis from colorectal cancer, which is currently considered a major disease-related complication. In this review we provide some insight into colonic changes in this condition, summarize current knowledge and evidence on the use of colonoscopic screening in patients with acromegaly, and suggest a recommended screening protocol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Dworakowska
- Department of Hypertension and Diabetes, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
- Guys Richard Dimbleby Department of Cancer Research, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Endocard LTD, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Dorota Dworakowska
| | - Ashley B. Grossman
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Barts and the London School of Medicine, Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Institute, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Kim JY, Choi S, Park T, Kim SK, Jung YS, Park JH, Kim HJ, Cho YK, Sohn CI, Jeon WK, Kim BI, Choi KY, Park DI. Development and validation of a scoring system for advanced colorectal neoplasm in young Korean subjects less than age 50 years. Intest Res 2018; 17:253-264. [PMID: 30449080 PMCID: PMC6505099 DOI: 10.5217/ir.2018.00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Colorectal cancer incidence among patients aged ≤50 years is increasing. This study aimed to develop and validate an advanced colorectal neoplasm (ACRN) screening model for young adults aged <50 years in Korea. Methods This retrospective cross-sectional study included 59,575 consecutive asymptomatic Koreans who underwent screening colonoscopy between 2003 and 2012 at a single comprehensive health care center. Young Adult Colorectal Screening (YCS) score was developed as an optimized risk stratification model for ACRN using multivariate analysis and was internally validated. The predictive power and diagnostic performance of YCS score was compared with those of Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening (APCS) and Korean Colorectal Screening (KCS) scores. Results 41,702 and 17,873 subjects were randomly allocated into the derivation and validation cohorts, respectively, by examination year. ACRN prevalence was 0.9% in both cohorts. YCS score comprised sex, age, alcohol, smoking, obesity, glucose metabolism abnormality, and family history of CRC, with score ranges of 0 to 10. In the validation cohort, ACRN prevalence was 0.6% in the low-risk tier (score, 0–4), 1.5% in the moderate-risk tier (score, 5–7), and 3.4% in the high-risk tier (score, 8–10). ACRN risk increased 2.5-fold (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.8–3.4) in the moderate-risk tier and 5.8-fold (95% CI, 3.4–9.8) in the high-risk tier compared with the low-risk tier. YCS score identified better balanced accuracy (53.9%) than APCS (51.5%) and KCS (50.7%) scores and had relatively good discriminative power (area under the curve=0.660). Conclusions YCS score based on clinical and laboratory risk factors was clinically effective and beneficial for predicting ACRN risk and targeting screening colonoscopy in adults aged <50 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yeon Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mediplex Sejong Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sungkyoung Choi
- The Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Seoul National University, Korea
| | - Taesung Park
- The Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Seoul National University, Korea.,Department of Statistics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seul Ki Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Suk Jung
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Ho Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong Joo Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Kyun Cho
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chong Il Sohn
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Kyu Jeon
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Ik Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu Yong Choi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Il Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Liu C, Wu R, Sun X, Tao C, Liu Z. Risk factors for delayed hemorrhage after colonoscopic postpolypectomy: Polyp size and operative modality. JGH OPEN 2018; 3:61-64. [PMID: 30834342 PMCID: PMC6386734 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background and Aim Delayed postpolypectomy hemorrhage is relatively common, with occasional extensive blood loss, endangering life. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with postoperative hemorrhage. Methods The study was a retrospective cohort study of patients hospitalized for colonoscopic polypectomy at the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, China, between January and December 2015. Data on gender, age, bowel preparation, location, size, number of polyps, operative modality, pathology, and operation practitioner were collected. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of postoperative hemorrhage. Results A total of 1962 polyps were detected in patients and they underwent polypectomy; hemorrhage occurred in 41 cases. A correlation was demonstrated between postpolypectomy hemorrhage and each of the following factors: polyp size and operative modality. The odds ratio (OR) was 4.535 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.331–8.823) for 1–2‐cm polyps, 4.008 (95% CI, 0.904–17.776) for 2–3‐cm polyps, and 22.407 (95% CI, 5.783–86.812) for ≥3‐cm polyps. Compared with argon plasma coagulation, OR was 9.128 (95% CI, 3.548–23.486) for endoscopic mucosal resection and 31.257 (95% CI, 7.009–139.395) for endoscopic submucosal dissection. Conclusions The independent risk factors for delayed postpolypectomy hemorrhage include polyp size and operative modality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changqin Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of TongJi University Shanghai China
| | - Ruijin Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of TongJi University Shanghai China
| | - Xiaomin Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of TongJi University Shanghai China
| | - Chunhua Tao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of TongJi University Shanghai China
| | - Zhanju Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of TongJi University Shanghai China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Douma LN, Uiters E, Timmermans DRM. Why are the public so positive about colorectal cancer screening? BMC Public Health 2018; 18:1212. [PMID: 30376841 PMCID: PMC6208033 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-6106-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is widely recommended. Earlier research showed that the general public are positive about CRC screening, as too the eligible CRC screening population. Among the eligible CRC screening population this positive perception has been shown to be associated with their perceptions of cancer, preventive health screening and their own health. It is unclear whether these concepts are also associated with the positive perception of the general public. Knowing this can provide insight into the context in which public perception concerning CRC screening is established. The aim of our study was to examine which main perceptions are associated with the public perception concerning CRC screening. METHODS An online survey was carried out in a Dutch population sample (adults 18+) among 1679 respondents (response rate was 56%). We assessed the public's perceptions concerning cancer, preventive health screening, own health, and the government, and examined their possible association with public opinion concerning CRC screening. RESULTS The public's positive attitude towards CRC screening is associated with the public's positive attitude towards preventive health screening in general, their perceived seriousness of cancer, their belief of health being important, and their trust in the government regarding national screening programmes. CONCLUSION Trust in the government and perceptions regarding the seriousness of cancer, preventive health screening and the importance of one's health seem to be important factors influencing how the public view CRC screening. The public are likely to process information about CRC screening in such a way that it confirms their existing beliefs of cancer being serious and preventive screening being positive. This makes it likely that they will notice information about the possible benefits of CRC screening more than information about its possible downsides, which would also contribute to the positive perception of CRC screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda N. Douma
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, Amsterdam, 1081 BT The Netherlands
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Postbus 1, Bilthoven, 3720 BA The Netherlands
| | - Ellen Uiters
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Postbus 1, Bilthoven, 3720 BA The Netherlands
| | - Danielle R. M. Timmermans
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, Amsterdam, 1081 BT The Netherlands
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Postbus 1, Bilthoven, 3720 BA The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Ke SB, Qiu H, Chen JM, Shi W, Chen YS. MicroRNA-202-5p functions as a tumor suppressor in colorectal carcinoma by directly targeting SMARCC1. Gene 2018; 676:329-335. [PMID: 30144500 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.08.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been emerged as critical regulators for human diseases and as prognostic markers in several tumors, including colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Herein, we identified a tumor-suppressive miRNA, miR-202-5p, which may suppress CRC tumorigenesis. SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily c member 1 (SMARCC1) is a susceptibility gene in CRC. However, the role of SMARCC1 in CRC tumorigenesis has not been elucidated. In our present study, we demonstrated that miR-202-5p was a tumor-suppressive miRNA in CRC progression. We found that expression of miR-202-5p was obviously decreased in CRC tissues. Down-regulation of miR-202-5p was associated with postoperative survival. Overexpression of miR-202-5p inhibited the growth and metastasis of CRC cells. The SMARCC1 was a direct target of miR-202-5p and promoted the growth and metastasis of CRC cells. Further study showed that SMARCC1 could reverse the inhibitory effect of miR-202-5p on growth and metastasis of CRC cells. In conclusion, our data highlight the key role of miR-202-5p in the progression of CRC. Thus, miR-202-5p may be a potential prognostic marker and of treatment relevance for CRC progression intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Bo Ke
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cancer Center, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Hu Qiu
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cancer Center, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Jia-Mei Chen
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cancer Center, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Wei Shi
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cancer Center, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Yong-Shun Chen
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cancer Center, Wuhan 430071, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zhang Z, Bu X, Yang J, Zhu S, He S, Zheng J, Wang W, Chu D. NOTCH4 regulates colorectal cancer proliferation, invasiveness, and determines clinical outcome of patients. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:6975-6985. [PMID: 29693251 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Notch signal has complex roles in human malignancies, which might be attributed to the diversity of Notch receptors. Here, we set out to identify the association of NOTCH4 with colorectal cancer (CRC). In the hospital-based study cohort, we investigated NOTCH4 mRNA levels in primary CRC, as well as its association with clinicopathologic characteristics. Besides, NOTCH4 cDNA and siRNA was transfected into colorectal cancer cell line to elucidate its impact on tumor cell proliferation and migration. Results revealed a statistically significant lower expression of NOTCH4 mRNA in tumor specimens compared with that in control. NOTCH4 level in CRC was found to be related to tumor differentiation, invasion, and node metastasis. Moreover, it was demonstrated that NOTCH4 mRNA level could be an independent prognostic factor for both disease-free and overall survival of CRC patients. Overexpression of NOTCH4 in CRC cell lines suppressed tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while induced apoptosis. In the opposite, the malignant behavior of CRC cells was enhanced by NOTCH4 knockdown. These results demonstrated for the first time that NOTCH4 expression was decreased in CRC, which could determine tumor proliferation, relapse, and prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zixi Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingyi Yang
- Information Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shaojun Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuixiang He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianyong Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weizhong Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dake Chu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Wang X, Yang Z, Tian H, Li Y, Li M, Zhao W, Zhang C, Wang T, Liu J, Zhang A, Shen D, Zheng C, Qi J, Zhao D, Shi J, Jin L, Rao J, Zhang W. Circulating MIC-1/GDF15 is a complementary screening biomarker with CEA and correlates with liver metastasis and poor survival in colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:24892-24901. [PMID: 28206963 PMCID: PMC5421897 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1 (MIC-1/GDF15) has been characterized as a candidate biomarker for colorectal cancer (CRC) recently. However, the role of serum MIC-1 in screening patients with early stage CRC and monitoring therapeutic response have not been well-established, particularly in the combination with CEA for the screening and the prejudgment of occurrence with liver metastasis. In this study, we performed a retrospective blinded evaluation of 987 serum samples from 473 individuals with CRC, 25 with adenomatous polyps, and 489 healthy individuals using ELISA or immunoassay. The sensitivity of serum MIC-1 was 43.8% and 38.5% for CRC diagnosis and early diagnosis, respectively, which were independent of and comparatively higher than for CEA (36.6% and 27.3%) at comparable specificity. Serum MIC-1 after surgery were significantly elevated at the time of tumor recurrence, and notable increase were observed in 100% patients with liver metastasis. Besides the TNM classification and differentiation grade, MIC-1 was an independent prognostic factor contributing to overall survival. We conclude that MIC-1 can act as a candidate complementary biomarker for screening early-stage CRC by combination with CEA, and furthermore, for the first time, identify a promising prognostic indicator for monitoring recurrence with liver metastasis, to support strategies towards personalized therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Wang
- Tumor Marker Research Center, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhaogang Yang
- NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center (NSEC), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Haimei Tian
- Tumor Marker Research Center, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yanfen Li
- Tumor Marker Research Center, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Mo Li
- Tumor Marker Research Center, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Wenya Zhao
- Tumor Marker Research Center, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Tumor Marker Research Center, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Teng Wang
- Tumor Marker Research Center, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jing Liu
- Tumor Marker Research Center, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Aili Zhang
- NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center (NSEC), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Di Shen
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Cuining Zheng
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jun Qi
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Junfeng Shi
- NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center (NSEC), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Liliang Jin
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Jianyu Rao
- Tumor Marker Research Center, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Tumor Marker Research Center, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Jung YS, Park CH, Kim NH, Park JH, Park DI, Sohn CI. A combination of clinical risk stratification and fecal immunochemical test is useful for identifying persons with high priority of early colonoscopy. Dig Liver Dis 2018; 50:254-259. [PMID: 29198569 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to develop a combination screening strategy for advanced colorectal neoplasia based on the Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening score and fecal immunochemical test results. METHODS We reviewed the records of participants who had undergone a colonoscopy and fecal immunochemical test as part of a comprehensive health screening program. The prevalence of advanced colorectal neoplasia in participants 40-49 years old was analyzed according to Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening scores and fecal immunochemical test results. RESULTS We analyzed the data of 9205 participants 40-49 years old and 3215 participants ≥50 years old. The prevalence of advanced colorectal neoplasia in participants 40-49 years old was 1.0%, 2.1%, 7.1%, and 13.4% in the "fecal immunochemical test (-) & Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening<2," "fecal immunochemical test (-) & Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening≥2," "fecal immunochemical test (+) & Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening<2," and "fecal immunochemical test (+) & Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening≥2" subgroups, respectively. The prevalence of advanced colorectal neoplasia in "fecal immunochemical test (+) & Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening≥2" subgroup was higher than in participants ≥50 years old with Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening≥4 (13.4% vs. 5.8%, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Fecal immunochemical test-positive individuals 40-49 years old with an Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening≥2 have a higher risk of advanced colorectal neoplasia than individuals ≥50 years old with an Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening≥4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Suk Jung
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Hyuk Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nam Hee Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ho Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Il Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong Il Sohn
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Wang H, Wang Y, Qian L, Wang X, Gu H, Dong X, Huang S, Jin M, Ge H, Xu C, Zhang Y. RNF216 contributes to proliferation and migration of colorectal cancer via suppressing BECN1-dependent autophagy. Oncotarget 2018; 7:51174-51183. [PMID: 27203674 PMCID: PMC5239467 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Originally identified as an E3 ligase regulating toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, ring finger protein 216 (RNF216) also plays an essential role in autophagy, which is fundamental to cellular homeostasis. Autophagy dysfunction leads to an array of pathological events, including tumor formation. In this study, we found that RNF216 was upregulated in human colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues and cell lines, and was associated with progression of CRC. RNF216 promoted CRC cell proliferation and migration in vitro and in vivo, largely by enhancing proteasomal degradation of BECN1, a key autophagy regulator and tumor suppressor. RNF216 restricted CRC cell autophagy through BECN1 inhibition under nutritional starvation conditions. RNF216 knockdown increased the autophagy, limiting CRC cell proliferation and migration. Moreover, BECN1 knockdown or autophagy inhibition restored proliferation and migration of RNF216-knockdown CRC cells. Collectively, our results suggested that RNF216 promoted CRC cell proliferation and migration by negatively regulating BECN1-dependent autophagy. This makes RNF216 as a potential biomarker and novel therapeutic target for inhibiting CRC development and progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences & SJTUSM, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences & SJTUSM, Shanghai, China
| | - Liu Qian
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences & SJTUSM, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences & SJTUSM, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailiang Gu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Dong
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shiqian Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences & SJTUSM, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Jin
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences & SJTUSM, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailiang Ge
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences & SJTUSM, Shanghai, China
| | - Congfeng Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences & SJTUSM, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyun Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences & SJTUSM, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Kim NH, Yang HJ, Park SK, Park JH, Park DI, Sohn CI, Jung YS. The risk of colorectal neoplasia can be different according to the types of family members affected by colorectal cancer. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 33:397-403. [PMID: 28736848 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM A family history of colorectal cancer (CRC) is an important risk factor for CRC, but more detailed data are needed to prepare effective screening guidelines. We aimed to evaluate the risk of colorectal neoplasia (CRN) among individuals with different relatives affected by CRC (the first-degree relatives [FDRs] or the second-degree relatives or the first cousins) and to assess the effects of family histories according to age groups (30-39, 40-49, and ≥ 50 years). METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed on 98 562 asymptomatic examinees aged ≥ 30 years who underwent colonoscopy as part of a health checkup. RESULTS Mean age of the study population was 41.4 years, and the prevalence of CRN was 15.7%. Participants with ≥ 1 FDRs and ≥ 2 FDRs affected by CRC had a higher risk of CRN than those with no family history of CRC, while those with ≥ 1 second-degree relatives or first cousins affected did not. In the 30-39 and 40-49 years age groups, a family history of CRC in parents was a risk factor for CRN and advanced CRN, but not in siblings. By contrast, in the ≥ 50 age group, participants with affected siblings (reference group) had a significantly higher risk for advanced CRN than those with affected parents (adjusted odds ratio; 95% confidence interval: 0.39; 0.16-0.94 in father and 0.43; 0.18-0.995 in mother). CONCLUSIONS The risk of CRN can be different according to the types of family members affected, and the impact of such family histories can be different according to age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nam Hee Kim
- Preventive Healthcare Center, School of Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo-Joon Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-Kyung Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Ho Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Il Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chong Il Sohn
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Suk Jung
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zhang T, Cai X, Li Q, Xue P, Chen Z, Dong X, Xue Y. Hsa-miR-875-5p exerts tumor suppressor function through down-regulation of EGFR in colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Oncotarget 2018; 7:42225-42240. [PMID: 27302926 PMCID: PMC5173130 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hsa-miRNA-875-5p (miR-875-5p) has recently been discovered to have anticancer efficacy in different organs. However, the role of miR-875-5p on colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is still ambiguous. In this study, we investigated the role of miR-875-5p on the development of CRC. The results indicated that miR-875-5p was significantly down-regulated in primary tumor tissues and very low levels were found in CRC cell lines. Ectopic expression of miR-875-5p in CRC cell lines significantly suppressed cell growth as evidenced by cell viability assay, colony formation assay and BrdU staining, through inhibition of cyclin D1, cyclin D2, CDK4 and up-regulation of p57(Kip2) and p21(Waf1/Cip1). In addition, miR-875-5p induced apoptosis, as indicated by concomitantly with up-regulation of key apoptosis protein cleaved caspase-3, and down-regulation of anti-apoptosis protein Bcl2. Moreover, miR-875-5p inhibited cellular migration and invasiveness through inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-7 and MMP-9. Further, oncogene EGFR was revealed to be a putative target of miR-875-5p, which was inversely correlated with miR-875-5p expression in CRC. Taken together, our results demonstrated that miR-875-5p played a pivotal role on CRC through inhibiting cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and promoting apoptosis by targeting oncogenic EGFR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiening Zhang
- Oncology Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P. R. China
| | - Xun Cai
- Oncology Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P. R. China
| | - Qi Li
- Oncology Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P. R. China
| | - Peng Xue
- Oncology Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P. R. China
| | - Zhixiao Chen
- Oncology Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Dong
- Oncology Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P. R. China
| | - Ying Xue
- Oncology Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Bagheri E, Hajiaghaalipour F, Nyamathulla S, Salehen NA. Ethanolic extract of Brucea javanica inhibit proliferation of HCT-116 colon cancer cells via caspase activation. RSC Adv 2018; 8:681-689. [PMID: 35538944 PMCID: PMC9076850 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra09618f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. is a well-known plant in Chinese System of Medicine. Its fruits and seeds have been reported to possess curative properties against various ailments. The chemical constituents and biological activity of this plant have been an interesting area in plant and chemistry medicine. The aim of this study is to evaluate the antiproliferative effects of the B. javanica extract against a colon cancer cell line and identification of the chemical components derived from the extract. An ethanolic extract from B. javanica fruits was prepared by cold maceration method, subjected to LC-MS profiling to elucidate the composition abbreviated as BJEE. The extract was screened for the cytotoxicity effects on HCT-116 colon cancer cells via MTT and LDH methods. Additionally, AO/PI staining verified apoptosis features in HCT-116 cells through microscopic analysis. ROS, caspase activity, and gene expression has been performed to identify its possible mechanism of actions which contribute to apoptosis. Output data from this study showed BJEE inhibited the cell proliferation of HCT-116 colon cancer cells at IC50 value of 8.9 ± 1.32 (μg mL-1) and significantly increased the levels of caspase-8, 9, and 3/7 in treated cells in comparison to untreated. The changes in expression of caspase genes and some apoptosis genes like Bax and Bcl-2 were confirmed using RT-PCR. Phytochemical analysis by LC-MS identified six major active compounds (bruceine D, isobrucein A, quassimarin, C16 sphinganine, phytosphingosine, and enigmol) in BJEE that may play a key role in cell apoptosis. The current study showed BJEE could be a promising agent for colorectal cancer therapy by significant increase in caspase activity level, and up-regulation of the specific apoptotic genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Bagheri
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - F Hajiaghaalipour
- Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - S Nyamathulla
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - N A Salehen
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, is associated with increased risk of colorectal adenoma, a precursor of colorectal cancer. Because nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and colorectal adenoma share many common risk factors of metabolic syndrome, the association between these 2 pathological findings has been investigated in multiple studies, but the results have been conflicting. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to assess the relationship between the fatty liver index, a predictor of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and the prevalence of colorectal adenomas. DESIGN This is a retrospective observational study. SETTINGS This study was conducted at a single expert center. PATIENTS A total of 2976 consecutive subjects over 40 years of age undergoing routine checkups including abdominal ultrasonography and colonoscopy at Chung-Ang University Hospital Health Care Center were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome measured was the prevalence of colorectal adenomas according to fatty liver index. RESULTS Among these subjects, 932 (31.3%) had colorectal adenoma, 691 (23.2%) had metabolic syndrome, and 1512 (50.8%) had fatty liver on ultrasonography. In multivariate analysis, fatty liver index ≥30 was associated with an increased risk of colorectal adenoma (OR, 1.269; 95% CI, 1.06-1.49; p = 0.008). The fatty liver index-high group (fatty liver index ≥30) had more colorectal adenomas and more advanced colorectal adenomas than the fatty liver index-low group (fatty liver index <30) (p < 0.001 and p = 0.042). The prevalence of colorectal adenomas increased with increasing quartile of fatty liver index (p < 0.05). LIMITATIONS The study was limited by a relatively healthy Asian population. CONCLUSION The high fatty liver index may be a useful predictor of colorectal adenoma. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/A478.
Collapse
|