1
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Li Y, Xiao J, Li C, Yang M. Memory inflation: Beyond the acute phase of viral infection. Cell Prolif 2024:e13705. [PMID: 38992867 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Memory inflation is confirmed as the most commonly dysregulation of host immunity with antigen-independent manner in mammals after viral infection. By generating large numbers of effector/memory and terminal differentiated effector memory CD8+ T cells with diminished naïve subsets, memory inflation is believed to play critical roles in connecting the viral infection and the onset of multiple diseases. Here, we reviewed the current understanding of memory inflated CD8+ T cells in their distinct phenotypic features that different from exhausted subsets; the intrinsic and extrinsic roles in regulating the formation of memory inflation; and the key proteins in maintaining the expansion and proliferation of inflationary populations. More importantly, based on the evidences from both clinic and animal models, we summarized the potential mechanisms of memory inflation to trigger autoimmune neuropathies, such as Guillain-Barré syndrome and multiple sclerosis; the correlations of memory inflation between tumorigenesis and resistance of tumour immunotherapies; as well as the effects of memory inflation to facilitate vascular disease progression. To sum up, better understanding of memory inflation could provide us an opportunity to beyond the acute phase of viral infection, and shed a light on the long-term influences of CD8+ T cell heterogeneity in dampen host immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Chen Li
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Mu Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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2
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Wallace R, Bliss CM, Parker AL. The Immune System-A Double-Edged Sword for Adenovirus-Based Therapies. Viruses 2024; 16:973. [PMID: 38932265 PMCID: PMC11209478 DOI: 10.3390/v16060973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic adenovirus (Ad) infections are widespread but typically mild and transient, except in the immunocompromised. As vectors for gene therapy, vaccine, and oncology applications, Ad-based platforms offer advantages, including ease of genetic manipulation, scale of production, and well-established safety profiles, making them attractive tools for therapeutic development. However, the immune system often poses a significant challenge that must be overcome for adenovirus-based therapies to be truly efficacious. Both pre-existing anti-Ad immunity in the population as well as the rapid development of an immune response against engineered adenoviral vectors can have detrimental effects on the downstream impact of an adenovirus-based therapeutic. This review focuses on the different challenges posed, including pre-existing natural immunity and anti-vector immunity induced by a therapeutic, in the context of innate and adaptive immune responses. We summarise different approaches developed with the aim of tackling these problems, as well as their outcomes and potential future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Wallace
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK; (R.W.); (C.M.B.)
| | - Carly M. Bliss
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK; (R.W.); (C.M.B.)
- Systems Immunity University Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Alan L. Parker
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK; (R.W.); (C.M.B.)
- Systems Immunity University Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
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3
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Xu H, Zhou R, Chen Z. Tissue-Resident Memory T Cell: Ontogenetic Cellular Mechanism and Clinical Translation. Clin Exp Immunol 2023; 214:249-259. [PMID: 37586053 PMCID: PMC10719502 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxad090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence has indicated the essential role of tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells for frontline protection against viral infection and for cancer immune surveillance (Mueller SN, Mackay LK. Tissue-resident memory T cells: local specialists in immune defense. Nat Rev Immunol 2016, 16, 79-89. doi:10.1038/nri.2015.3.). TRM cells are transcriptionally, phenotypically, and functionally distinct from circulating memory T (Tcirm) cells. It is necessary to understand the unique ontogenetic mechanism, migratory regulation, and biological function of TRM cells. In this review, we discuss recent insights into cellular mechanisms and discrete responsiveness in different tissue microenvironments underlying TRM cell development. We also emphasize the translational potential of TRM cells by focusing on their establishment in association with improved protection in mucosal tissues against various types of diseases and effective strategies for eliciting TRM cells in both pre-clinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Xu
- AIDS Institute, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Runhong Zhou
- AIDS Institute, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- AIDS Institute, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China
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4
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Mittra S, Harding SM, Kaech SM. Memory T Cells in the Immunoprevention of Cancer: A Switch from Therapeutic to Prophylactic Approaches. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 211:907-916. [PMID: 37669503 PMCID: PMC10491418 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunoprevention, the engagement of the immune system to prevent cancer, is largely overshadowed by therapeutic approaches to treating cancer after detection. Vaccines or, alternatively, the utilization of genetically engineered memory T cells could be methods of engaging and creating cancer-specific T cells with superb memory, lenient activation requirements, potent antitumor cytotoxicity, tumor surveillance, and resilience against immunosuppressive factors in the tumor microenvironment. In this review we analyze memory T cell subtypes based on their potential utility in cancer immunoprevention with regard to longevity, localization, activation requirements, and efficacy in fighting cancers. A particular focus is on how both tissue-resident memory T cells and stem memory T cells could be promising subtypes for engaging in immunoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhesh Mittra
- University of Toronto Schools, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shane M. Harding
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Immunology, University of Toronto; Toronto, Canada
| | - Susan M. Kaech
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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5
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Ramirez DE, Mohamed A, Huang YH, Turk MJ. In the right place at the right time: tissue-resident memory T cells in immunity to cancer. Curr Opin Immunol 2023; 83:102338. [PMID: 37229984 PMCID: PMC10631801 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2023.102338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Tissue-resident memory (Trm) cells have recently emerged as essential components of the immune response to cancer. Here, we highlight new studies that demonstrate how CD8+ Trm cells are ideally suited to accumulate in tumors and associated tissues, to recognize a wide range of tumor antigens (Ags), and to persist as durable memory. We discuss compelling evidence that Trm cells maintain potent recall function and serve as principal mediators of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapeutic efficacy in patients. Finally, we propose that Trm and circulating memory T-cell compartments together form a formidable barrier against metastatic cancer. These studies affirm Trm cells as potent, durable, and necessary mediators of cancer immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delaney E Ramirez
- Dartmouth Cancer Center and the Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, USA
| | - Asmaa Mohamed
- Dartmouth Cancer Center and the Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, USA
| | - Yina H Huang
- Dartmouth Cancer Center and the Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, USA
| | - Mary Jo Turk
- Dartmouth Cancer Center and the Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, USA.
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6
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Shi R, Zhou X, Pang L, Wang M, Li Y, Chen C, Ning H, Zhang L, Yue G, Qiu L, Zhao W, Qi Y, Wu Y, Gao Y. Peptide vaccine from cancer-testis antigen ODF2 can potentiate the cytotoxic T lymphocyte infiltration through IL-15 in non-MSI-H colorectal cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:985-1001. [PMID: 36251028 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-022-03307-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 03/20/2023]
Abstract
About 85% of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) have the non-microsatellite instability-high (non-MSI-H) subtype, and many cannot benefit from immune checkpoint blockade. A potential reason for this is that most non-MSI-H colorectal cancers are immunologically "cold" due to poor CD8+ T cell infiltration. In the present study, we screened for potential cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) by comparing the bioinformatics of CD8+ T effector memory (Tem) cell infiltration between MSI-H and non-MSI-H CRC. Two ODF2-derived epitope peptides, P433 and P609, displayed immunogenicity and increased the proportion of CD8+ T effector memory (Tem) cells in vitro and in vivo. The adoptive transfer of peptide pool-induced CTLs inhibited tumor growth and enhanced CD8+ T cell infiltration in tumor-bearing NOD/SCID mice. The mechanistic study showed that knockdown of ODF2 in CRC cells promoted interleukin-15 expression, which facilitated CD8+ T cell proliferation. In conclusion, ODF2, a CTA, was negatively correlated with CD8+ T cell infiltration in "cold" non-MSI-H CRC and was selected based on the results of bioinformatics analyses. The corresponding HLA-A2 restricted epitope peptide induced antigen-specific CTLs. Immunotherapy targeting ODF2 could improve CTA infiltration via upregulating IL-15 in non-MSI-H CRC. This tumor antigen screening strategy could be exploited to develop therapeutic vaccines targeting non-MSI-H CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranran Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiuman Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Liwei Pang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Mingshuang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yubing Li
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Chunxia Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Haoming Ning
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Lihan Zhang
- Department of Integrated Chinse and Western Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Guangxing Yue
- Department of Integrated Chinse and Western Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Lu Qiu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Wenshan Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Bioactive Macromolecules, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- International Joint Laboratory for Protein and Peptide Drugs of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yuanming Qi
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Bioactive Macromolecules, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- International Joint Laboratory for Protein and Peptide Drugs of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yahong Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
- Henan Key Laboratory of Bioactive Macromolecules, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
- International Joint Laboratory for Protein and Peptide Drugs of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Yanfeng Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
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7
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Lobby JL, Uddbäck I, Scharer CD, Mi T, Boss JM, Thomsen AR, Christensen JP, Kohlmeier JE. Persistent Antigen Harbored by Alveolar Macrophages Enhances the Maintenance of Lung-Resident Memory CD8 + T Cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 209:1778-1787. [PMID: 36162870 PMCID: PMC9588742 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Lung tissue-resident memory T cells are crucial mediators of cellular immunity against respiratory viruses; however, their gradual decline hinders the development of T cell-based vaccines against respiratory pathogens. Recently, studies using adenovirus (Ad)-based vaccine vectors have shown that the number of protective lung-resident CD8+ TRMs can be maintained long term. In this article, we show that immunization of mice with a replication-deficient Ad serotype 5 expressing influenza (A/Puerto Rico/8/34) nucleoprotein (AdNP) generates a long-lived lung TRM pool that is transcriptionally indistinct from those generated during a primary influenza infection. In addition, we demonstrate that CD4+ T cells contribute to the long-term maintenance of AdNP-induced CD8+ TRMs. Using a lineage tracing approach, we identify alveolar macrophages as a cell source of persistent NP Ag after immunization with AdNP. Importantly, depletion of alveolar macrophages after AdNP immunization resulted in significantly reduced numbers of NP-specific CD8+ TRMs in the lungs and airways. Combined, our results provide further insight to the mechanisms governing the enhanced longevity of Ag-specific CD8+ lung TRMs observed after immunization with recombinant Ad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna L Lobby
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; and
| | - Ida Uddbäck
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; and
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christopher D Scharer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; and
| | - Tian Mi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; and
| | - Jeremy M Boss
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; and
| | - Allan R Thomsen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jan P Christensen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jacob E Kohlmeier
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; and
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8
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A third vaccination with a single T cell epitope confers protection in a murine model of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3966. [PMID: 35803932 PMCID: PMC9267705 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31721-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms and impact of booster vaccinations are essential in the design and delivery of vaccination programs. Here we show that a three dose regimen of a synthetic peptide vaccine elicits an accruing CD8+ T cell response against one SARS-CoV-2 Spike epitope. We see protection against lethal SARS-CoV-2 infection in the K18-hACE2 transgenic mouse model in the absence of neutralizing antibodies, but two dose approaches are insufficient to confer protection. The third vaccine dose of the single T cell epitope peptide results in superior generation of effector-memory T cells and tissue-resident memory T cells, and these tertiary vaccine-specific CD8+ T cells are characterized by enhanced polyfunctional cytokine production. Moreover, fate mapping shows that a substantial fraction of the tertiary CD8+ effector-memory T cells develop from re-migrated tissue-resident memory T cells. Thus, repeated booster vaccinations quantitatively and qualitatively improve the CD8+ T cell response leading to protection against otherwise lethal SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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9
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Mei X, Li H, Zhou X, Cheng M, Cui K. The Emerging Role of Tissue-Resident Memory CD8 + T Lymphocytes in Human Digestive Tract Cancers. Front Oncol 2022; 11:819505. [PMID: 35096624 PMCID: PMC8795735 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.819505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant digestive tract tumors are a great threat to human public health. In addition to surgery, immunotherapy brings hope for the treatment of these tumors. Tissue-resident memory CD8+ T (Trm) cells are a focus of tumor immunology research and treatment due to their powerful cytotoxic effects, ability to directly kill epithelial-derived tumor cells, and overall impact on maintaining mucosal homeostasis and antitumor function in the digestive tract. They are a group of noncirculating immune cells expressing adhesion and migration molecules such as CD69, CD103, and CD49a that primarily reside on the barrier epithelium of nonlymphoid organs and respond rapidly to both viral and bacterial infection and tumorigenesis. This review highlights new research exploring the role of CD8+ Trm cells in a variety of digestive tract malignant tumors, including esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma. A summary of CD8+ Trm cell phenotypes and characteristics, tissue distribution, and antitumor functions in different tumor environments is provided, illustrating how these cells may be used in immunotherapies against digestive tract tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Mei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated With Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xinpeng Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Hefei, China
| | - Min Cheng
- Department of Geriatrics, Gerontology Institute of Anhui Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy and Nutrition Therapy, Hefei, China.,Cancer Immunotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Kele Cui
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy and Nutrition Therapy, Hefei, China.,Cancer Immunotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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10
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Hua L, Yang Z, Li W, Zhang Q, Ren Z, Ye C, Zheng X, Li D, Long Q, Bai H, Sun W, Yang X, Zheng P, He J, Chen Y, Huang W, Ma Y. A Novel Immunomodulator Delivery Platform Based on Bacterial Biomimetic Vesicles for Enhanced Antitumor Immunity. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2103923. [PMID: 34510598 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202103923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
T cell activation-induced cell death (AICD) during tumor pathogenesis is a tumor immune escape process dependent on dendritic cells (DCs). Proper immune-modulatory therapies effectively inhibit tumor-specific CD8+ T cell exhaustion and enhance antitumor immune responses. Here, high-pressure homogenization is utilized to drive immunomodulator IL10-modified bacteria to extrude through the gap and self-assemble into bacterial biomimetic vesicles exposing IL10 (IL10-BBVs) on the surface with high efficiency. IL10-BBVs efficiently target DCs in tumor-draining lymph nodes and thus increase the interaction between IL10 on BBVs and IL10R on DCs to suppress AICD and mitigate CD8+ T cell exhaustion specific to tumor antigens. Two subcutaneous peripheral injections of IL10-BBVs 1 week apart in tumor-bearing mice effectively increase systemic and intratumoral proportions of CD8+ T cells to suppress tumor growth and metastasis. Tumor-specific antigen E7 is enclosed into the periplasm of IL10-BBVs (IL10-E7-BBVs) to realize concurrent actions of the immunomodulator IL10 and the tumor antigen human papillomavirus (HPV) 16E7 in lymph nodes, further enhancing the antitumor effects mediated by CD8+ T cells. The development of this modified BBV delivery platform will expand the application of bacterial membranes and provide novel immunotherapeutic strategies for tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangqun Hua
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, 2 Cuihu North Road, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Zhongqian Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Weiran Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Qishu Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Zhaoling Ren
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 374 Dian Burma Avenue, Kunming, 650101, China
| | - Chao Ye
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, 2 Cuihu North Road, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Duo Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
- Department of Acute Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 158 Dongsi Street, Kunming, 530112, China
| | - Qiong Long
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Hongmei Bai
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Wenjia Sun
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Peng Zheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Jinrong He
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
- Kunming Medical University, 1168 Chunrong West Road, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yongjun Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Weiwei Huang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Yanbing Ma
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 935 Jiaoling Road, Kunming, 650118, China
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11
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Functional Heterogeneity and Therapeutic Targeting of Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010164. [PMID: 33467606 PMCID: PMC7829818 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells mediate potent local innate and adaptive immune responses and provide long-lasting protective immunity. TRM cells localize to many different tissues, including barrier tissues, and play a crucial role in protection against infectious and malignant disease. The formation and maintenance of TRM cells are influenced by numerous factors, including inflammation, antigen triggering, and tissue-specific cues. Emerging evidence suggests that these signals also contribute to heterogeneity within the TRM cell compartment. Here, we review the phenotypic and functional heterogeneity of CD8+ TRM cells at different tissue sites and the molecular determinants defining CD8+ TRM cell subsets. We further discuss the possibilities of targeting the unique cell surface molecules, cytokine and chemokine receptors, transcription factors, and metabolic features of TRM cells for therapeutic purposes. Their crucial role in immune protection and their location at the frontlines of the immune defense make TRM cells attractive therapeutic targets. A better understanding of the possibilities to selectively modulate TRM cell populations may thus improve vaccination and immunotherapeutic strategies employing these potent immune cells.
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