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Li J, Chen Q, Gu H. M2 microglia-derived exosomes reduce neuronal ferroptosis via FUNDC1-mediated mitophagy by activating AMPK/ULK1 signaling. Sci Rep 2025; 15:17955. [PMID: 40410395 PMCID: PMC12102263 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-03091-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2025] [Accepted: 05/19/2025] [Indexed: 05/25/2025] Open
Abstract
Neuronal ferroptosis plays a vital role in the progression of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD). M2-type microglia-derived exosomes (M2-exos) have been shown to protect neurons from ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) brain injury, but their impact on I/R-induced neuronal ferroptosis and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we used an in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model in HT-22 neuronal cells to investigate how M2-exos modulate ferroptosis. We found that M2-exos were internalized by HT-22 cells and significantly attenuated OGD/R-induced ferroptosis. Mechanistically, M2-exos enhanced mitophagy, which was mediated by the upregulation of FUN14 domain-containing protein 1 (FUNDC1), thereby inhibiting ferroptosis. Further analysis revealed that M2-exos activated FUNDC1-dependent mitophagy through the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/UNC-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1) signaling pathway. Taken together, these findings suggest that M2-exos ameliorate I/R-induced neuronal ferroptosis by enhancing FUNDC1-mediated mitophagy through the activation of AMPK/ULK1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 the Yellow River West Road, Huaiyin District, Huai'an City, 223300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 the Yellow River West Road, Huaiyin District, Huai'an City, 223300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hao Gu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 the Yellow River West Road, Huaiyin District, Huai'an City, 223300, Jiangsu Province, China.
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2
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Zhao YJ, Zhou WY, Zhang L, Guo JX, Fan LL, Zhu YT, Ying-Li, Yan BC, Pang HQ. Chemical identification and metabolic profiling of Tongmai granules using UHPLC-QTOF-MS-based molecular networking and modified mass defect filtering techniques. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2025; 1262:124669. [PMID: 40424947 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2025.124669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2025] [Revised: 05/01/2025] [Accepted: 05/19/2025] [Indexed: 05/29/2025]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide, and its complicated biological processes make developing effective treatments challenging. Tongmai granules, the famous Chinese herbal formula, was good at treating IS. However, the active compounds and their underlying mechanisms are still not well understood. To elucidate the active compounds of Tongmai granules against IS, the chemical compounds of Tongmai granules were characterized using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Using molecular networking (MN) method, a total of 89 compounds were quickly identified. Afterwards, the metabolites profiling of Tongmai granules in the middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) rats' plasma and brain were conducted using UHPLC-HRMS and mass defect filtering (MDF) strategy. And 80 metabolites (25 prototypes and 55 metabolites) were characterized in plasma and brain samples. Network pharmacology and molecular docking have identified 8 active components for treating IS, including daidzein, tanshinone IIA, puerarin, cryptotanshinone, tanshinone IIb, butylidenephthalide, senkyunolide A and salvianolic acid A. These components may exert their effects through regulating TP53, SRC, and STAT3. The study provides a comprehensive characterization of Tongmai granules and insights into their therapeutic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Juan Zhao
- Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Yue Zhou
- Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Zhang
- The Radiology Department of Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Jia-Xiu Guo
- Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu-Lu Fan
- Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ting Zhu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing-Chun Yan
- Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Han-Qing Pang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Zhang C, Lan X, Wang Q, Zheng Y, Cheng J, Han J, Li C, Cheng F, Wang X. Decoding ischemic stroke: Perspectives on the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and their crosstalk. Redox Biol 2025; 82:103622. [PMID: 40188640 PMCID: PMC12001122 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2025.103622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2025] [Accepted: 03/27/2025] [Indexed: 04/08/2025] Open
Abstract
Stroke is known for its high disability and mortality rates. Ischemic stroke (IS), the most prevalent form, imposes a considerable burden on affected individuals. Nevertheless, existing treatment modalities are hindered by limitations, including narrow therapeutic windows, substantial adverse effects, and suboptimal neurological recovery. Clarifying the pathological mechanism of IS is a prerequisite for developing new therapeutic strategies. In this context, the functional disruption of mitochondria, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and the crosstalk mechanisms between them have garnered increasing attention for their contributory roles in the progression of IS. Therefore, this review provides a comprehensive summary of the current pathomechanisms associated with the involvement of the ER and mitochondria in IS, emphasising Ca2+ destabilization homeostasis, ER stress, oxidative stress, disordered mitochondrial quality control, and mitochondrial transfer. Additionally, this article highlights the functional interaction between the ER and mitochondria, as well as the mitochondrial-ER contacts (MERCs) that structurally connect mitochondria and the ER, aiming to provide ideas and references for the research and treatment of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuxin Zhang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xin Lan
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qingguo Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yuxiao Zheng
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jialin Cheng
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jinhua Han
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Changxiang Li
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Fafeng Cheng
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Xueqian Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
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4
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Li L, Yuan R, Wu M, Yin X, Zhang M, Chen Z. Progress in the regulatory mechanism of mitophagy in chronic cerebral ischemic neuronal injury. Exp Neurol 2025; 383:115003. [PMID: 39419436 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.115003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2024] [Revised: 10/09/2024] [Accepted: 10/13/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024]
Abstract
Chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI) is a common clinical syndrome that can impact various cerebrovascular diseases. Its pathological mechanism of injury involves energy imbalance, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and many other processes. Neuronal damage occurs in a complex and multifaceted manner. This article provides a detailed discussion of the activation and inhibition mechanisms of mitophagy under cerebral ischemia and considers the advantages and disadvantages of mitophagy in the recovery process of ischemic brain injury. Finally, we address the future direction of research on neuronal injury and the regulatory mechanisms of mitophagy in chronic cerebral ischemia. Future studies should focus on drug intervention at specific regulatory points and the cross-regulation of related signaling pathways to comprehensively deepen understanding of the mechanisms of neuronal injury in chronic cerebral ischemia. Promising interventions could potentially improve the treatment and outcomes of chronic cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi 332000, China; Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi 332000, China
| | - Rui Yuan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi 332000, China
| | - Moxin Wu
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi 332000, China; Department of Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi 332000, China
| | - Xiaoping Yin
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi 332000, China; Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi 332000, China
| | - Manqing Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Precision Therapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332005, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Zhiying Chen
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi 332000, China; Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi 332000, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Precision Therapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332005, Jiangxi, China.
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5
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Jia Z, Li H, Xu K, Li R, Yang S, Chen L, Zhang Q, Li S, Sun X. MAM-mediated mitophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress: the hidden regulators of ischemic stroke. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1470144. [PMID: 39640236 PMCID: PMC11617170 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1470144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 11/12/2024] [Indexed: 12/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is the predominant subtype of stroke and a leading contributor to global mortality. The mitochondrial-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane (MAM) is a specialized region that facilitates communication between the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, and has been extensively investigated in the context of neurodegenerative diseases. Nevertheless, its precise involvement in IS remains elusive. This literature review elucidates the intricate involvement of MAM in mitophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress during IS. PINK1, FUNDC1, Beclin1, and Mfn2 are highly concentrated in the MAM and play a crucial role in regulating mitochondrial autophagy. GRP78, IRE1, PERK, and Sig-1R participate in the unfolded protein response (UPR) within the MAM, regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress during IS. Hence, the diverse molecules on MAM operate independently and interact with each other, collectively contributing to the pathogenesis of IS as the covert orchestrator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Jia
- The First Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Hongtao Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Ke Xu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Ruobing Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Siyu Yang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Long Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Qianwen Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Shulin Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaowei Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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Li K, Xia X, Tong Y. Multiple roles of mitochondrial autophagy receptor FUNDC1 in mitochondrial events and kidney disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1453365. [PMID: 39445333 PMCID: PMC11496291 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1453365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This article reviews the latest research progress on the role of mitochondrial autophagy receptor FUN14 domain containing 1 (FUNDC1) in mitochondrial events and kidney disease. FUNDC1 is a protein located in the outer membrane of mitochondria, which maintains the function and quality of mitochondria by regulating mitochondrial autophagy, that is, the selective degradation process of mitochondria. The structural characteristics of FUNDC1 enable it to respond to intracellular signal changes and regulate the activity of mitochondrial autophagy through phosphorylation and dephosphorylation. During phosphorylation, unc-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1) promotes the activation of mitophagy by phosphorylating Ser17 of FUNDC1. In contrast, Src and CK2 kinases inhibit the interaction between FUNDC1 and LC3 by phosphorylating Tyr18 and Ser13, thereby inhibiting mitophagy. During dephosphorylation, PGAM5 phosphatase enhances the interaction between FUNDC1 and LC3 by dephosphorylating Ser13, thereby activating mitophagy. BCL2L1 inhibits the activity of PGAM5 by interacting with PGAM5, thereby preventing the dephosphorylation of FUNDC1 and inhibiting mitophagy. FUNDC1 plays an important role in mitochondrial events, participating in mitochondrial fission, maintaining the homeostasis of iron and proteins in mitochondrial matrix, and mediating crosstalk between mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes, which have important effects on cell energy metabolism and programmed death. In the aspect of kidney disease, the abnormal function of FUNDC1 is closely related to the occurrence and development of many diseases. In acute kidney injury (AKI), cardiorenal syndrome (CRS), diabetic nephropathy (DN), chronic kidney disease (CKD) ,renal fibrosis (RF) and renal anemia, FUNDC1-mediated imbalance of mitophagy may be one of the key factors in disease progression. Therefore, in-depth study of the regulatory mechanism and function of FUNDC1 is of great significance for understanding the pathogenesis of renal disease and developing new treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqing Li
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xue Xia
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Tong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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Zhang X, Guo J, Liu J, Liu J, Li Z, Chen J, Jiang J, Zhang K, Zhou B. Exosomal Src from hypoxic vascular smooth muscle cells exacerbates ischemic brain injury by promoting M1 microglial polarization. Neurochem Int 2024; 179:105819. [PMID: 39084350 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory response mediated by M1 microglia is a crucial factor leading to the exacerbation of brain injury after ischemic stroke (IS). Under the stimulation of IS, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) switch to the synthetic phenotype characterized by exosome secretion. Previous studies have shown that exosomes play an important role in the regulation of microglial polarization. We reported that exosomes derived from primary human brain VSMCs under hypoxia (HExos), but not those under normoxia (Exos), significantly promoted primary human microglia (HM1900) shift to M1 phenotype. Proteomic analysis showed that the Src protein enriched in HExos was a potential pro-inflammatory mediator. In vitro experiments showed that the expression of Src and M1 markers were upregulated in HM1900 co-incubated with HExos. However, the Src inhibitor dasatinib (DAS) significantly promoted the transformation of HM1900 phenotype from M1 to M2. In vivo experiments of pMCAO mice also revealed that DAS could effectively inhibit the activation of M1 microglia/macrophages, protect neurons from apoptosis, and improve neuronal function. These data suggested that hypoxic-VSMCs-derived exosomes were involved in post-IS inflammation by promoting M1 microglial polarization through Src transmission. Targeting inhibition of Src potentially acts as an effective strategy for treating brain injury after IS.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Exosomes/metabolism
- Microglia/metabolism
- Microglia/drug effects
- Humans
- Mice
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Male
- src-Family Kinases/metabolism
- src-Family Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Brain Ischemia/metabolism
- Brain Ischemia/pathology
- Cell Hypoxia/physiology
- Cell Hypoxia/drug effects
- Cell Polarity/physiology
- Cell Polarity/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Zhang
- Center of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, 519000, China; Center of Cerebrovascular Disease, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, 519000, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, 519000, China
| | - Jingpei Guo
- Center of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, 519000, China; Center of Cerebrovascular Disease, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, 519000, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, 519000, China
| | - Junbin Liu
- Center of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, 519000, China; Center of Cerebrovascular Disease, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, 519000, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, 519000, China
| | - Junfeng Liu
- Center of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, 519000, China; Center of Cerebrovascular Disease, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, 519000, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, 519000, China
| | - Zhaozhu Li
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Fourth People's Hospital of Nanhai District of Foshan City, Foshan, Guangdong Province, 528211, China
| | - Jiayao Chen
- Center of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, 519000, China; Center of Cerebrovascular Disease, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, 519000, China
| | - Jiawei Jiang
- College of Education, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, 519000, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Center of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, 519000, China; Center of Cerebrovascular Disease, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, 519000, China.
| | - Bin Zhou
- Center of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, 519000, China; Center of Cerebrovascular Disease, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, 519000, China.
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Jiang XL, Zhang ZB, Feng CX, Lin CJ, Yang H, Tan LL, Ding X, Xu LX, Li G, Pan T, Qin ZH, Sun B, Feng X, Li M. PHLDA1 contributes to hypoxic ischemic brain injury in neonatal rats via inhibiting FUNDC1-mediated mitophagy. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:1809-1820. [PMID: 38750074 PMCID: PMC11336168 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01292-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Hypoxia-ischemia (HI) is one of the main causes of neonatal brain injury. Mitophagy has been implicated in the degradation of damaged mitochondria and cell survival following neonatal brain HI injury. Pleckstrin homology-like domain family A member 1 (PHLDA1) plays vital roles in the progression of various disorders including the regulation of oxidative stress, the immune responses and apoptosis. In the present study we investigated the role of PHLDA1 in HI-induced neuronal injury and further explored the mechanisms underlying PHLDA1-regulated mitophagy in vivo and in vitro. HI model was established in newborn rats by ligation of the left common carotid artery plus exposure to an oxygen-deficient chamber with 8% O2 and 92% N2. In vitro studies were conducted in primary hippocampal neurons subjected to oxygen and glucose deprivation/-reoxygenation (OGD/R). We showed that the expression of PHLDA1 was significantly upregulated in the hippocampus of HI newborn rats and in OGD/R-treated primary neurons. Knockdown of PHLDA1 in neonatal rats via lentiviral vector not only significantly ameliorated HI-induced hippocampal neuronal injury but also markedly improved long-term cognitive function outcomes, whereas overexpression of PHLDA1 in neonatal rats via lentiviral vector aggravated these outcomes. PHLDA1 knockdown in primary neurons significantly reversed the reduction of cell viability and increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and attenuated OGD-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, whereas overexpression of PHLDA1 decreased these parameters. In OGD/R-treated primary hippocampal neurons, we revealed that PHLDA1 knockdown enhanced mitophagy by activating FUNDC1, which was abolished by FUNDC1 knockdown or pretreatment with mitophagy inhibitor Mdivi-1 (25 μM). Notably, pretreatment with Mdivi-1 or the knockdown of FUNDC1 not only increased brain infarct volume, but also abolished the neuroprotective effect of PHLDA1 knockdown in HI newborn rats. Together, these results demonstrate that PHLDA1 contributes to neonatal HI-induced brain injury via inhibition of FUNDC1-mediated neuronal mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lu Jiang
- Pediatrics Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, China
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, China
- Soochow Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Child Brain Injury, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, China
| | - Zu-Bin Zhang
- Pediatrics Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Translational Research and Therapeutics of NeuroPsycho Diseases, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Chen-Xi Feng
- Pediatrics Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, China
| | - Chen-Jie Lin
- Pediatrics Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Pediatrics Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, China
| | - Lan-Lan Tan
- Pediatrics Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, China
| | - Xin Ding
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, China
| | - Li-Xiao Xu
- Pediatrics Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, China
| | - Gen Li
- Pediatrics Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, China
| | - Tao Pan
- Pediatrics Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, China
| | - Zheng-Hong Qin
- Institute of Health Technology, Global Institute of Software Technology, Qingshan Road, Suzhou Science & Technology Tower, Hi-Tech Area, Suzhou, 215163, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Pediatrics Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, China
| | - Xing Feng
- Pediatrics Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, China.
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, China.
- Soochow Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Child Brain Injury, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, China.
| | - Mei Li
- Pediatrics Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, China.
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9
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Wang Y, Yang J. ER-organelle contacts: A signaling hub for neurological diseases. Pharmacol Res 2024; 203:107149. [PMID: 38518830 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Neuronal health is closely linked to the homeostasis of intracellular organelles, and organelle dysfunction affects the pathological progression of neurological diseases. In contrast to isolated cellular compartments, a growing number of studies have found that organelles are largely interdependent structures capable of communicating through membrane contact sites (MCSs). MCSs have been identified as key pathways mediating inter-organelle communication crosstalk in neurons, and their alterations have been linked to neurological disease pathology. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a membrane-bound organelle capable of forming an extensive network of pools and tubules with important physiological functions within neurons. There are multiple MCSs between the ER and other organelles and the plasma membrane (PM), which regulate a variety of cellular processes. In this review, we focus on ER-organelle MCSs and their role in a variety of neurological diseases. We compared the biological effects between different tethering proteins and the effects of their respective disease counterparts. We also discuss how altered ER-organelle contacts may affect disease pathogenesis. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms of ER-organelle MCSs in neuronal homeostasis will lay the foundation for the development of new therapies targeting ER-organelle contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, PR China; Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China
| | - Jinghua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, PR China; Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China.
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10
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He Y, He T, Li H, Chen W, Zhong B, Wu Y, Chen R, Hu Y, Ma H, Wu B, Hu W, Han Z. Deciphering mitochondrial dysfunction: Pathophysiological mechanisms in vascular cognitive impairment. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116428. [PMID: 38599056 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) encompasses a range of cognitive deficits arising from vascular pathology. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying VCI remain incompletely understood; however, chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is widely acknowledged as a principal pathological contributor. Mitochondria, crucial for cellular energy production and intracellular signaling, can lead to numerous neurological impairments when dysfunctional. Recent evidence indicates that mitochondrial dysfunction-marked by oxidative stress, disturbed calcium homeostasis, compromised mitophagy, and anomalies in mitochondrial dynamics-plays a pivotal role in VCI pathogenesis. This review offers a detailed examination of the latest insights into mitochondrial dysfunction within the VCI context, focusing on both the origins and consequences of compromised mitochondrial health. It aims to lay a robust scientific groundwork for guiding the development and refinement of mitochondrial-targeted interventions for VCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyao He
- Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Tiantian He
- Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, China
| | - Hongpei Li
- Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Biying Zhong
- Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Runming Chen
- Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuli Hu
- Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Huaping Ma
- Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenyue Hu
- Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhenyun Han
- Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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