1
|
Dhannura S, Shekh S, Dhurjad P, Dolle A, Kakkat S, Vishwajyothi, Vijayasarathy M, Sonti R, Gowd KH. Redox-Active Conopeptide Li520 Has Evolved to Catalyze Oxidative Folding of Conotoxins. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:37596-37609. [PMID: 39281945 PMCID: PMC11391441 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
The evolution of miniature conopeptide Li520 (COWC*, *: C-terminal amidation) to exhibit the disulfide isomerase activity was probed using structure, function, disulfide conformation, and the precursor gene sequence. The peptides Li520, Li504, [O2A]Li520, [W3A]Li520, and Grx506, homologues active-site motif of glutaredoxin, were chemically synthesized and assessed for their disulfide reduction potential, intrinsic folding of disulfides, and disulfide isomerization activity on α-conotoxin ImI. The reduction potential of the disulfide of peptides varies from -189 to -344 mV, which is within the range observed for the redox family of proteins that modulates the folding of protein disulfides. The oxidative folding studies confirm the significance of the tryptophan residue in engaging Li520 in disulfide-exchange reactions and the role of proline hydroxylation in extending the lifetime of Li520 in a reduced free thiol state. Studies of quenching of tryptophan fluorescence by the disulfide in situ folding reaction in conjunction with the optimized structures by density functional theory (DFT) confirm the difference in conformation of disulfides between the native and mutant peptides. Interestingly, the native peptide Li520/Li504 shares a similar disulfide conformation of (-,-)AntiRHHook with the redox family of proteins known to modulate disulfides, particularly in lieu of the tetrapeptide of glutaredoxin, deviating from its disulfide conformation compared to its naive protein. Analysis of the precursor gene sequences of M-superfamily conotoxins revealed the presence of Li520 in different cone snail species with distinct food habits and possible modes of evolution through the diversification of cysteine motifs. The results of the report suggest that the short redox conopeptide Li520 has evolved to facilitate the oxidative folding of conotoxins and may be useful to develop as reagents for the synthesis of therapeutically important cysteine-rich peptides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Dhannura
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi 585367, Karnataka, India
| | - Shamasoddin Shekh
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi 585367, Karnataka, India
| | - Pooja Dhurjad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Ashwini Dolle
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi 585367, Karnataka, India
| | - Sreepriya Kakkat
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi 585367, Karnataka, India
| | - Vishwajyothi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi 585367, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Rajesh Sonti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Konkallu Hanumae Gowd
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi 585367, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Huang J, Fan X, Jin X, Lyu C, Guo Q, Liu T, Chen J, Davakan A, Lory P, Yan N. Structural basis for human Ca v3.2 inhibition by selective antagonists. Cell Res 2024; 34:440-450. [PMID: 38605177 PMCID: PMC11143251 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-024-00959-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The Cav3.2 subtype of T-type calcium channels has been targeted for developing analgesics and anti-epileptics for its role in pain and epilepsy. Here we present the cryo-EM structures of Cav3.2 alone and in complex with four T-type calcium channel selective antagonists with overall resolutions ranging from 2.8 Å to 3.2 Å. The four compounds display two binding poses. ACT-709478 and TTA-A2 both place their cyclopropylphenyl-containing ends in the central cavity to directly obstruct ion flow, meanwhile extending their polar tails into the IV-I fenestration. TTA-P2 and ML218 project their 3,5-dichlorobenzamide groups into the II-III fenestration and place their hydrophobic tails in the cavity to impede ion permeation. The fenestration-penetrating mode immediately affords an explanation for the state-dependent activities of these antagonists. Structure-guided mutational analysis identifies several key residues that determine the T-type preference of these drugs. The structures also suggest the role of an endogenous lipid in stabilizing drug binding in the central cavity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Huang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Xiao Fan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Behavior, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Xueqin Jin
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structures, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Lyu
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structures, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qinmeng Guo
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structures, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structures, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaofeng Chen
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structures, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Amaël Davakan
- IGF, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, LabEx 'Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics', Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Lory
- IGF, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, LabEx 'Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics', Montpellier, France
| | - Nieng Yan
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structures, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
- Institute of Bio-Architecture and Bio-Interactions, Shenzhen Medical Academy of Research and Translation, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ohashi N, Uta D, Ohashi M, Hoshino R, Baba H. Omega-conotoxin MVIIA reduces neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury by inhibiting N-type voltage-dependent calcium channels on spinal dorsal horn. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1366829. [PMID: 38469570 PMCID: PMC10925679 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1366829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to the development of neuropathic pain. Although a multitude of pathological processes contribute to SCI-induced pain, excessive intracellular calcium accumulation and voltage-gated calcium-channel upregulation play critical roles in SCI-induced pain. However, the role of calcium-channel blockers in SCI-induced pain is unknown. Omega-conotoxin MVIIA (MVIIA) is a calcium-channel blocker that selectively inhibits N-type voltage-dependent calcium channels and demonstrates neuroprotective effects. Therefore, we investigated spinal analgesic actions and cellular mechanisms underlying the analgesic effects of MVIIA in SCI. We used SCI-induced pain model rats and conducted behavioral tests, immunohistochemical analyses, and electrophysiological experiments (in vitro whole-cell patch-clamp recording and in vivo extracellular recording). A behavior study suggested intrathecal MVIIA administration in the acute phase after SCI induced analgesia for mechanical allodynia. Immunohistochemical experiments and in vivo extracellular recordings suggested that MVIIA induces analgesia in SCI-induced pain by directly inhibiting neuronal activity in the superficial spinal dorsal horn. In vitro whole-cell patch-clamp recording showed that MVIIA inhibits presynaptic N-type voltage-dependent calcium channels expressed on primary afferent Aδ-and C-fiber terminals and suppresses the presynaptic glutamate release from substantia gelatinosa in the spinal dorsal horn. In conclusion, MVIIA administration in the acute phase after SCI may induce analgesia in SCI-induced pain by inhibiting N-type voltage-dependent calcium channels on Aδ-and C-fiber terminals in the spinal dorsal horn, resulting in decreased neuronal excitability enhanced by SCI-induced pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuko Ohashi
- Division of Anesthesiology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Daisuke Uta
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ohashi
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Rintaro Hoshino
- Division of Anesthesiology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Baba
- Division of Anesthesiology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Catterall WA. Voltage gated sodium and calcium channels: Discovery, structure, function, and Pharmacology. Channels (Austin) 2023; 17:2281714. [PMID: 37983307 PMCID: PMC10761118 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2023.2281714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channels initiate action potentials in nerve and muscle, and voltage-gated calcium channels couple depolarization of the plasma membrane to intracellular events such as secretion, contraction, synaptic transmission, and gene expression. In this Review and Perspective article, I summarize early work that led to identification, purification, functional reconstitution, and determination of the amino acid sequence of the protein subunits of sodium and calcium channels and showed that their pore-forming subunits are closely related. Decades of study by antibody mapping, site-directed mutagenesis, and electrophysiological recording led to detailed two-dimensional structure-function maps of the amino acid residues involved in voltage-dependent activation and inactivation, ion permeation and selectivity, and pharmacological modulation. Most recently, high-resolution three-dimensional structure determination by X-ray crystallography and cryogenic electron microscopy has revealed the structural basis for sodium and calcium channel function and pharmacological modulation at the atomic level. These studies now define the chemical basis for electrical signaling and provide templates for future development of new therapeutic agents for a range of neurological and cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
|
5
|
Maneu V, Borges R, Gandía L, García AG. Forty years of the adrenal chromaffin cell through ISCCB meetings around the world. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:667-690. [PMID: 36884064 PMCID: PMC10185644 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02793-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
This historical review focuses on the evolution of the knowledge accumulated during the last two centuries on the biology of the adrenal medulla gland and its chromaffin cells (CCs). The review emerged in the context of a series of meetings that started on the Spanish island of Ibiza in 1982 with the name of the International Symposium on Chromaffin Cell Biology (ISCCB). Hence, the review is divided into two periods namely, before 1982 and from this year to 2022, when the 21st ISCCB meeting was just held in Hamburg, Germany. The first historical period extends back to 1852 when Albert Kölliker first described the fine structure and function of the adrenal medulla. Subsequently, the adrenal staining with chromate salts identified the CCs; this was followed by the establishment of the embryological origin of the adrenal medulla, and the identification of adrenaline-storing vesicles. By the end of the nineteenth century, the basic morphology, histochemistry, and embryology of the adrenal gland were known. The twentieth century began with breakthrough findings namely, the experiment of Elliott suggesting that adrenaline was the sympathetic neurotransmitter, the isolation of pure adrenaline, and the deciphering of its molecular structure and chemical synthesis in the laboratory. In the 1950s, Blaschko isolated the catecholamine-storing vesicles from adrenal medullary extracts. This switched the interest in CCs as models of sympathetic neurons with an explosion of studies concerning their functions, i.e., uptake of catecholamines by chromaffin vesicles through a specific coupled transport system; the identification of several vesicle components in addition to catecholamines including chromogranins, ATP, opioids, and other neuropeptides; the calcium-dependence of the release of catecholamines; the underlying mechanism of exocytosis of this release, as indicated by the co-release of proteins; the cross-talk between the adrenal cortex and the medulla; and the emission of neurite-like processes by CCs in culture, among other numerous findings. The 1980s began with the introduction of new high-resolution techniques such as patch-clamp, calcium probes, marine toxins-targeting ion channels and receptors, confocal microscopy, or amperometry. In this frame of technological advances at the Ibiza ISCCB meeting in 1982, 11 senior researchers in the field predicted a notable increase in our knowledge in the field of CCs and the adrenal medulla; this cumulative knowledge that occurred in the last 40 years of history of the CC is succinctly described in the second part of this historical review. It deals with cell excitability, ion channel currents, the exocytotic fusion pore, the handling of calcium ions by CCs, the kinetics of exocytosis and endocytosis, the exocytotic machinery, and the life cycle of secretory vesicles. These concepts together with studies on the dynamics of membrane fusion with super-resolution imaging techniques at the single-protein level were extensively reviewed by top scientists in the field at the 21st ISCCB meeting in Hamburg in the summer of 2022; this frontier topic is also briefly reviewed here. Many of the concepts arising from those studies contributed to our present understanding of synaptic transmission. This has been studied in physiological or pathophysiological conditions, in CCs from animal disease models. In conclusion, the lessons we have learned from CC biology as a peripheral model for brain and brain disease pertain more than ever to cutting-edge research in neurobiology. In the 22nd ISCCB meeting in Israel in 2024 that Uri Asheri is organizing, we will have the opportunity of seeing the progress of the questions posed in Ibiza, and on other questions that undoubtedly will arise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Maneu
- Departamento de Óptica, Farmacología y Anatomía, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Ricardo Borges
- Unidad de Farmacología, Departamento de Medicina Física y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Luis Gandía
- Instituto Fundación Teófilo Hernando, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio G. García
- Instituto Fundación Teófilo Hernando, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Aresta Branco MSL, Gutierrez Cruz A, Borhani Peikani M, Mutafova-Yambolieva VN. Sensory Neurons, PIEZO Channels and PAC1 Receptors Regulate the Mechanosensitive Release of Soluble Ectonucleotidases in the Murine Urinary Bladder Lamina Propria. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087322. [PMID: 37108490 PMCID: PMC10138949 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The urinary bladder requires adequate concentrations of extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and other purines at receptor sites to function properly. Sequential dephosphorylation of ATP to ADP, AMP and adenosine (ADO) by membrane-bound and soluble ectonucleotidases (s-ENTDs) is essential for achieving suitable extracellular levels of purine mediators. S-ENTDs, in particular, are released in the bladder suburothelium/lamina propria (LP) in a mechanosensitive manner. Using 1,N6-etheno-ATP (eATP) as substrate and sensitive HPLC-FLD methodology, we evaluated the degradation of eATP to eADP, eAMP and eADO in solutions that were in contact with the LP of ex vivo mouse detrusor-free bladders during filling prior to substrate addition. The inhibition of neural activity with tetrodotoxin and ω-conotoxin GVIA, of PIEZO channels with GsMTx4 and D-GsMTx4 and of the pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type I receptor (PAC1) with PACAP6-38 all increased the distention-induced but not spontaneous release of s-ENTDs in LP. It is conceivable, therefore, that the activation of these mechanisms in response to distention restricts the further release of s-ENTDs and prevents excessive hydrolysis of ATP. Together, these data suggest that afferent neurons, PIEZO channels, PAC1 receptors and s-ENTDs form a system that operates a highly regulated homeostatic mechanism to maintain proper extracellular purine concentrations in the LP and ensure normal bladder excitability during bladder filling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mafalda S L Aresta Branco
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Alejandro Gutierrez Cruz
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Mahsa Borhani Peikani
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wu Z, Cui Y, Wang H, Wu H, Wan Y, Li B, Wang L, Pan S, Peng W, Dong A, Yuan Z, Jing M, Xu M, Luo M, Li Y. Neuronal activity-induced, equilibrative nucleoside transporter-dependent, somatodendritic adenosine release revealed by a GRAB sensor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2212387120. [PMID: 36996110 PMCID: PMC10083574 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2212387120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The purinergic signaling molecule adenosine (Ado) modulates many physiological and pathological functions in the brain. However, the exact source of extracellular Ado remains controversial. Here, utilizing a newly optimized genetically encoded GPCR-Activation-Based Ado fluorescent sensor (GRABAdo), we discovered that the neuronal activity-induced extracellular Ado elevation is due to direct Ado release from somatodendritic compartments of neurons, rather than from the axonal terminals, in the hippocampus. Pharmacological and genetic manipulations reveal that the Ado release depends on equilibrative nucleoside transporters but not the conventional vesicular release mechanisms. Compared with the fast-vesicular glutamate release, the Ado release is slow (~40 s) and requires calcium influx through L-type calcium channels. Thus, this study reveals an activity-dependent second-to-minute local Ado release from the somatodendritic compartments of neurons, potentially serving modulatory functions as a retrograde signal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaofa Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Yuting Cui
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing102206, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing102206, China
| | - Huan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Hao Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Yi Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Bohan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- Peking University-Tsinghua University-National Institute of Biological Sciences Joint Graduate Program, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Sunlei Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Wanling Peng
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Ao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Zhengwei Yuan
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing102206, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Miao Jing
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing102206, China
| | - Min Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai200031, China
| | - Minmin Luo
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing102206, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing102206, China
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing102206, China
- Research Unit of Medical Neurobiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing100005, China
- New Cornerstone Science Institute at Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing102206, China
| | - Yulong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong518055, China
- National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- New Cornerstone Science Institute at Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Animal toxins: As an alternative therapeutic target following ischemic stroke condition. Life Sci 2023; 317:121365. [PMID: 36640901 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Globally, Ischemic stroke (IS) has become the second leading cause of mortality and chronic disability. The process of IS has triggered by the blockages of blood vessels to form clots in the brain which initiates multiple interactions with the key signaling pathways, counting excitotoxicity, acidosis, ionic imbalance, inflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal dysfunction of cells, and ultimately cells going under apoptosis. Currently, FDA has approved only tissue plasminogen activator therapy, which is effective against IS with few limitations. However, the mechanism of excitotoxicity and acidosis has spurred the investigation of a potential candidate for IS therapy. Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) and Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VDCCs) get activated and disturb the brain's normal physiology. Animal toxins are novel inhibitors of ASICs and VDCCs channels and have provided neuroprotective insights into the pathophysiology of IS. This review will discuss the potential directions of translational ASICs and VDCCs inhibitors research for clinical therapies.
Collapse
|
9
|
Choudhary S, Kaur R, Waziri A, Garg A, Kadian R, Alam MS. N-type calcium channel blockers: a new approach towards the treatment of chronic neuropathic pain. EXPLORATION OF MEDICINE 2023. [DOI: 10.37349/emed.2023.00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NP) remains maltreated for a wide number of patients by the currently available treatments and little research has been done in finding new drugs for treating NP. Ziconotide (PrialtTM) had been developed as the new drug, which belongs to the class of ω-conotoxin MVIIA. It inhibits N-type calcium channels. Ziconotide is under the last phase of the clinical trial, a new non-narcotic drug for the management of NP. Synthetically it has shown the similarities with ω-conotoxin MVIIA, a constituent of poison found in fish hunting snails (Conus magus). Ziconotide acts by selectively blocking neural N-type voltage-sensitized Ca2+ channels (NVSCCs). Certain herbal drugs also have been studied but no clinical result is there and the study is only limited to preclinical data. This review emphasizes the N-type calcium channel inhibitors, and their mechanisms for blocking calcium channels with their remedial prospects for treating chronic NP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Choudhary
- School of Medical and Allied Sciences, K.R. Mangalam University, Gurugram 122103, Haryana, India
| | - Raminderjit Kaur
- School of Medical and Allied Sciences, K.R. Mangalam University, Gurugram 122103, Haryana, India
| | - Aafrin Waziri
- University School of Biotechnology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi, 110078, India
| | - Arun Garg
- Department of Pharmacology, NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University, Jaipur 303121, Rajasthan, India
| | - Renu Kadian
- Ram Gopal College of Pharmacy, Gurugram 122506, Haryana, India
| | - Md Sabir Alam
- SGT College of Pharmacy, SGT University, Gurugram 122505, Haryana, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhou K, Luo W, Liu T, Ni Y, Qin Z. Neurotoxins Acting at Synaptic Sites: A Brief Review on Mechanisms and Clinical Applications. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 15:18. [PMID: 36668838 PMCID: PMC9865788 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotoxins generally inhibit or promote the release of neurotransmitters or bind to receptors that are located in the pre- or post-synaptic membranes, thereby affecting physiological functions of synapses and affecting biological processes. With more and more research on the toxins of various origins, many neurotoxins are now widely used in clinical treatment and have demonstrated good therapeutic outcomes. This review summarizes the structural properties and potential pharmacological effects of neurotoxins acting on different components of the synapse, as well as their important clinical applications, thus could be a useful reference for researchers and clinicians in the study of neurotoxins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kunming Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Weifeng Luo
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Yong Ni
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Zhenghong Qin
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Morgenstern TJ, Nirwan N, Hernández-Ochoa EO, Bibollet H, Choudhury P, Laloudakis YD, Ben Johny M, Bannister RA, Schneider MF, Minor DL, Colecraft HM. Selective posttranslational inhibition of Ca Vβ 1-associated voltage-dependent calcium channels with a functionalized nanobody. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7556. [PMID: 36494348 PMCID: PMC9734117 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35025-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ influx through high-voltage-activated calcium channels (HVACCs) controls diverse cellular functions. A critical feature enabling a singular signal, Ca2+ influx, to mediate disparate functions is diversity of HVACC pore-forming α1 and auxiliary CaVβ1-CaVβ4 subunits. Selective CaVα1 blockers have enabled deciphering their unique physiological roles. By contrast, the capacity to post-translationally inhibit HVACCs based on CaVβ isoform is non-existent. Conventional gene knockout/shRNA approaches do not adequately address this deficit owing to subunit reshuffling and partially overlapping functions of CaVβ isoforms. Here, we identify a nanobody (nb.E8) that selectively binds CaVβ1 SH3 domain and inhibits CaVβ1-associated HVACCs by reducing channel surface density, decreasing open probability, and speeding inactivation. Functionalizing nb.E8 with Nedd4L HECT domain yielded Chisel-1 which eliminated current through CaVβ1-reconstituted CaV1/CaV2 and native CaV1.1 channels in skeletal muscle, strongly suppressed depolarization-evoked Ca2+ influx and excitation-transcription coupling in hippocampal neurons, but was inert against CaVβ2-associated CaV1.2 in cardiomyocytes. The results introduce an original method for probing distinctive functions of ion channel auxiliary subunit isoforms, reveal additional dimensions of CaVβ1 signaling in neurons, and describe a genetically-encoded HVACC inhibitor with unique properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Travis J. Morgenstern
- grid.239585.00000 0001 2285 2675Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Neha Nirwan
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Erick O. Hernández-Ochoa
- grid.411024.20000 0001 2175 4264Department of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Hugo Bibollet
- grid.411024.20000 0001 2175 4264Department of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Papiya Choudhury
- grid.239585.00000 0001 2285 2675Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Yianni D. Laloudakis
- grid.239585.00000 0001 2285 2675Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Manu Ben Johny
- grid.239585.00000 0001 2285 2675Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Roger A. Bannister
- grid.411024.20000 0001 2175 4264Department of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA ,grid.411024.20000 0001 2175 4264Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Martin F. Schneider
- grid.411024.20000 0001 2175 4264Department of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Daniel L. Minor
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811California Institute for Quantitative Biomedical Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, CA USA ,grid.184769.50000 0001 2231 4551Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bio-imaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Henry M. Colecraft
- grid.239585.00000 0001 2285 2675Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA ,grid.239585.00000 0001 2285 2675Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zúñiga L, Cayo A, González W, Vilos C, Zúñiga R. Potassium Channels as a Target for Cancer Therapy: Current Perspectives. Onco Targets Ther 2022; 15:783-797. [PMID: 35899081 PMCID: PMC9309325 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s326614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Potassium (K+) channels are highly regulated membrane proteins that control the potassium ion flux and respond to different cellular stimuli. These ion channels are grouped into three major families, Kv (voltage-gated K+ channel), Kir (inwardly rectifying K+ channel) and K2P (two-pore K+ channels), according to the structure, to mediate the K+ currents. In cancer, alterations in K+ channel function can promote the acquisition of the so-called hallmarks of cancer – cell proliferation, resistance to apoptosis, metabolic changes, angiogenesis, and migratory capabilities – emerging as targets for the development of new therapeutic drugs. In this review, we focus our attention on the different K+ channels associated with the most relevant and prevalent cancer types. We summarize our knowledge about the potassium channels structure and function, their cancer dysregulated expression and discuss the K+ channels modulator and the strategies for designing new drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Zúñiga
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Molecular, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.,Centro de Nanomedicina, Diagnóstico y Desarrollo de Fármacos (ND3), Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Angel Cayo
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Molecular, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.,Centro de Nanomedicina, Diagnóstico y Desarrollo de Fármacos (ND3), Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Wendy González
- Centro de Bioinformática y Simulación Molecular, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.,Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channels-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Cristian Vilos
- Centro de Nanomedicina, Diagnóstico y Desarrollo de Fármacos (ND3), Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.,Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Targeted Delivery, School of Medicine, Universidad de Talca, Talca, 3460000, Chile.,Center for The Development of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, 8350709, Chile
| | - Rafael Zúñiga
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Molecular, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.,Centro de Nanomedicina, Diagnóstico y Desarrollo de Fármacos (ND3), Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Synaptotagmin-7 Enhances Facilitation of Ca v2.1 Calcium Channels. eNeuro 2022; 9:ENEURO.0081-22.2022. [PMID: 35477860 PMCID: PMC9113918 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0081-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated calcium channel Cav2.1 undergoes Ca2+-dependent facilitation and inactivation, which are important in short-term synaptic plasticity. In presynaptic terminals, Cav2.1 forms large protein complexes that include synaptotagmins. Synaptotagmin-7 (Syt-7) is essential to mediate short-term synaptic plasticity in many synapses. Here, based on evidence that Cav2.1 and Syt-7 are both required for short-term synaptic facilitation, we investigated the direct interaction of Syt-7 with Cav2.1 and probed its regulation of Cav2.1 function. We found that Syt-7 binds specifically to the α1A subunit of Cav2.1 through interaction with the synaptic-protein interaction (synprint) site. Surprisingly, this interaction enhances facilitation in paired-pulse protocols and accelerates the onset of facilitation. Syt-7α induces a depolarizing shift in the voltage dependence of activation of Cav2.1 and slows Ca2+-dependent inactivation, whereas Syt-7β and Syt-7γ have smaller effects. Our results identify an unexpected, isoform-specific interaction between Cav2.1 and Syt-7 through the synprint site, which enhances Cav2.1 facilitation and modulates its inactivation.
Collapse
|
14
|
Martinez-Rojas VA, Juarez-Hernandez LJ, Musio C. Ion channels and neuronal excitability in polyglutamine neurodegenerative diseases. Biomol Concepts 2022; 13:183-199. [DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2022-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Polyglutamine (polyQ) diseases are a family composed of nine neurodegenerative inherited disorders (NDDs) caused by pathological expansions of cytosine-adenine-guanine (CAG) trinucleotide repeats which encode a polyQ tract in the corresponding proteins. CAG polyQ repeat expansions produce neurodegeneration via multiple downstream mechanisms; among those the neuronal activity underlying the ion channels is affected directly by specific channelopathies or indirectly by secondary dysregulation. In both cases, the altered excitability underlies to gain- or loss-of-function pathological effects. Here we summarize the repertoire of ion channels in polyQ NDDs emphasizing the biophysical features of neuronal excitability and their pathogenic role. The aim of this review is to point out the value of a deeper understanding of those functional mechanisms and processes as crucial elements for the designing and targeting of novel therapeutic avenues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir A. Martinez-Rojas
- Institute of Biophysics (IBF), Trento Unit, National Research Council (CNR) , Via Sommarive 18 , 38123 Trento , Italy
| | - Leon J. Juarez-Hernandez
- Institute of Biophysics (IBF), Trento Unit, National Research Council (CNR) , Via Sommarive 18 , 38123 Trento , Italy
| | - Carlo Musio
- Institute of Biophysics (IBF), Trento Unit, National Research Council (CNR) , Via Sommarive 18 , 38123 Trento , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Martin D, Reihe C, Drummer S, Roessler K, Boomer S, Nelson M. Venoconstrictor responses to activation of bradykinin-sensitive pericardial afferents involve the region of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15221. [PMID: 35307973 PMCID: PMC8935126 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Veins are important in the control of venous return, cardiac output, and cardiovascular homeostasis. However, the effector systems modulating venous function remain to be fully elucidated. We demonstrated that activation of bradykinin-sensitive pericardial afferents elicited systemic venoconstriction. The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is an important site modulating autonomic outflow to the venous compartment. We tested the hypothesis that the PVN region is involved in the venoconstrictor response to pericardial injection of bradykinin. Rats were anesthetized with urethane/alpha chloralose and instrumented for recording arterial pressure, vena caval pressure, and mean circulatory filling pressure (MCFP), an index of venous tone. The rats were fitted with a pericardial catheter and PVN injector guide tubes. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and MCFP responses to pericardial injection of bradykinin (1, 10 µg/kg) were recorded before and after PVN injection of omega conotoxin GVIA (200 ng/200 nl). Pericardial injection of saline produced no systematic effects on MAP, HR, or MCFP. In contrast, pericardial injection of bradykinin was associated with short latency increases in MAP (16 ± 4 to 18 ± 2 mm Hg) and MCFP 0.35 ± 0.19 to 1.01 ± 0.27 mm Hg. Heart rate responses to pericardial BK were highly variable, but HR was significantly increased (15 ± 9 bpm) at the higher BK dose. Conotoxin injection in the PVN region did not affect baseline values for these variables. However, injection of conotoxin into the area of the PVN largely attenuated the pressor (-1 ± 3 to 6 ± 3 mm Hg), MCFP (-0.19 ± 0.07 to 0.20 ± 0.18 mm Hg), and HR (4 ± 14 bpm) responses to pericardial bradykinin injection. We conclude that the PVN region is involved in the venoconstrictor responses to pericardial bradykinin injection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Doug Martin
- Division of Basic Biomedical SciencesUniversity of South DakotaVermillionSouth DakotaUSA
| | - Casey Reihe
- Division of Basic Biomedical SciencesUniversity of South DakotaVermillionSouth DakotaUSA
| | - Sam Drummer
- Division of Basic Biomedical SciencesUniversity of South DakotaVermillionSouth DakotaUSA
| | - Kyle Roessler
- Division of Basic Biomedical SciencesUniversity of South DakotaVermillionSouth DakotaUSA
| | - Shane Boomer
- Division of Basic Biomedical SciencesUniversity of South DakotaVermillionSouth DakotaUSA
| | - Madeleine Nelson
- Division of Basic Biomedical SciencesUniversity of South DakotaVermillionSouth DakotaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
de Pascual R, Calzaferri F, Gonzalo PC, Serrano-Nieto R, de los Ríos C, García AG, Gandía L. Novel Purine Derivative ITH15004 Facilitates Exocytosis through a Mitochondrial Calcium-Mediated Mechanism. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:440. [PMID: 35008868 PMCID: PMC8745631 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Upon depolarization of chromaffin cells (CCs), a prompt release of catecholamines occurs. This event is triggered by a subplasmalemmal high-Ca2+ microdomain (HCMD) generated by Ca2+ entry through nearby voltage-activated calcium channels. HCMD is efficiently cleared by local mitochondria that avidly take up Ca2+ through their uniporter (MICU), then released back to the cytosol through mitochondrial Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (MNCX). We found that newly synthesized derivative ITH15004 facilitated the release of catecholamines triggered from high K+-depolarized bovine CCs. Such effect seemed to be due to regulation of mitochondrial Ca2+ circulation because: (i) FCCP-potentiated secretory responses decay was prevented by ITH15004; (ii) combination of FCCP and ITH15004 exerted additive secretion potentiation; (iii) such additive potentiation was dissipated by the MICU blocker ruthenium red (RR) or the MNCX blocker CGP37157 (CGP); (iv) combination of FCCP and ITH15004 produced both additive augmentation of cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]c) K+-challenged BCCs, and (v) non-inactivated [Ca2+]c transient when exposed to RR or CGP. On pharmacological grounds, data suggest that ITH15004 facilitates exocytosis by acting on mitochondria-controlled Ca2+ handling during K+ depolarization. These observations clearly show that ITH15004 is a novel pharmacological tool to study the role of mitochondria in the regulation of the bioenergetics and exocytosis in excitable cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo de Pascual
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.d.P.); (F.C.); (P.C.G.); (R.S.-N.); (C.d.l.R.); (A.G.G.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, C/Diego de León, 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesco Calzaferri
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.d.P.); (F.C.); (P.C.G.); (R.S.-N.); (C.d.l.R.); (A.G.G.)
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM—UMR5247, CNRS), 1919 Route de Mende, CEDEX 5, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Paula C. Gonzalo
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.d.P.); (F.C.); (P.C.G.); (R.S.-N.); (C.d.l.R.); (A.G.G.)
| | - Rubén Serrano-Nieto
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.d.P.); (F.C.); (P.C.G.); (R.S.-N.); (C.d.l.R.); (A.G.G.)
| | - Cristóbal de los Ríos
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.d.P.); (F.C.); (P.C.G.); (R.S.-N.); (C.d.l.R.); (A.G.G.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, C/Diego de León, 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Campus de Alcorcon, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Avda. Atenas s/n, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Antonio G. García
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.d.P.); (F.C.); (P.C.G.); (R.S.-N.); (C.d.l.R.); (A.G.G.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, C/Diego de León, 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Fundación Teófilo Hernando, Parque Científico de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Gandía
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.d.P.); (F.C.); (P.C.G.); (R.S.-N.); (C.d.l.R.); (A.G.G.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, C/Diego de León, 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dong Y, Gao Y, Xu S, Wang Y, Yu Z, Li Y, Li B, Yuan T, Yang B, Zhang XC, Jiang D, Huang Z, Zhao Y. Closed-state inactivation and pore-blocker modulation mechanisms of human Ca V2.2. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109931. [PMID: 34731621 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
N-type voltage-gated calcium (CaV) channels mediate Ca2+ influx at presynaptic terminals in response to action potentials and play vital roles in synaptogenesis, release of neurotransmitters, and nociceptive transmission. Here, we elucidate a cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of the human CaV2.2 complex in apo, ziconotide-bound, and two CaV2.2-specific pore blockers-bound states. The second voltage-sensing domain (VSD) is captured in a resting-state conformation, trapped by a phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) molecule, which is distinct from the other three VSDs of CaV2.2, as well as activated VSDs observed in previous structures of CaV channels. This structure reveals the molecular basis for the unique inactivation process of CaV2.2 channels, in which the intracellular gate formed by S6 helices is closed and a W-helix from the domain II-III linker stabilizes closed-state inactivation. The structures of this inactivated, drug-bound complex lay a solid foundation for developing new state-dependent blockers for treatment of chronic pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Dong
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yiwei Gao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuhang Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhuoya Yu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yue Li
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bin Li
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tian Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bei Yang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xuejun Cai Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Daohua Jiang
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Zhuo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Yan Zhao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
My path to research in neuropharmacology has been a coalescing of my training as a molecular biologist and my intense interest in an esoteric group of animals, the fish-hunting cone snails. Attempting to bridge these two disparate worlds has led me to an idiosyncratic career as a pharmacologist.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baldomero M Olivera
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Platholi J, Hemmings HC. Effects of general anesthetics on synaptic transmission and plasticity. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 20:27-54. [PMID: 34344292 PMCID: PMC9199550 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210803105232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
General anesthetics depress excitatory and/or enhance inhibitory synaptic transmission principally by modulating the function of glutamatergic or GABAergic synapses, respectively, with relative anesthetic agent-specific mechanisms. Synaptic signaling proteins, including ligand- and voltage-gated ion channels, are targeted by general anesthetics to modulate various synaptic mechanisms, including presynaptic neurotransmitter release, postsynaptic receptor signaling, and dendritic spine dynamics to produce their characteristic acute neurophysiological effects. As synaptic structure and plasticity mediate higher-order functions such as learning and memory, long-term synaptic dysfunction following anesthesia may lead to undesirable neurocognitive consequences depending on the specific anesthetic agent and the vulnerability of the population. Here we review the cellular and molecular mechanisms of transient and persistent general anesthetic alterations of synaptic transmission and plasticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jimcy Platholi
- Cornell University Joan and Sanford I Weill Medical College Ringgold standard institution - Anesthesiology New York, New York. United States
| | - Hugh C Hemmings
- Cornell University Joan and Sanford I Weill Medical College Ringgold standard institution - Anesthesiology New York, New York. United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Aridoss G, Kim D, Kim JI, Kang JE. Ziconotide (
ω‐conotoxin MVIIA
)—Efficient solid‐phase synthesis of a linear precursor peptide and its strategic native folding. Pept Sci (Hoboken) 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pep2.24223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gopalakrishnan Aridoss
- Peptide Smart Process Department Anygen Co., Ltd Cheongju‐si Chungcheongbuk‐do South Korea
| | - Dong‐Min Kim
- Peptide Smart Process Department Anygen Co., Ltd Cheongju‐si Chungcheongbuk‐do South Korea
| | - Jae Il Kim
- Peptide Smart Process Department Anygen Co., Ltd Cheongju‐si Chungcheongbuk‐do South Korea
| | - Jae Eun Kang
- Peptide Smart Process Department Anygen Co., Ltd Cheongju‐si Chungcheongbuk‐do South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Tang X, Yu D, Wang H, Meng W, Zhai Y, Lei Z, Liu Z, Wang X. Pull-Down Assay-Guided Insights into the Effects of Latroeggtoxin-VI on Nerve Cells. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:136. [PMID: 33673184 PMCID: PMC7918074 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13020136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Latroeggtoxin-VI (LETX-VI) is a peptide neurotoxin newly found from the eggs of spider L. tredecimguttatus. To explore the mechanism of action of the LETX-VI on nerve cells, the effects of LETX-VI on PC12 cells, a commonly used neuron model, were analyzed using a pull-down assay-guided strategy. LETX-VI was shown to interact with 164 PC12 cell proteins that have diverse molecular functions such as binding, catalysis, regulation, structural activity, etc., thereby extensively affecting the biological processes in the PC12 cells, particularly protein metabolism, response to stimulus, substance transport, and nucleic acid metabolism, with 56.71%, 42.07%, 29.88% and 28.66% of the identified proteins being involved in these biological processes, respectively. By interacting with the relevant proteins, LETX-VI enhanced the synthesis of dopamine; positively regulated cell division and proliferation; and negatively regulated cell cycle arrest, cell death, and apoptotic processes, and therefore has limited cytotoxicity against the PC12 cells, which were further experimentally confirmed. In general, the effects of LETX-VI on PC12 cells are more regulatory than cytotoxic. These findings have deepened our understanding of the action mechanism of LETX-VI on nerve cells and provided valuable clues for further related researches including those on Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xianchun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Protein Chemistry Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; (X.T.); (D.Y.); (H.W.); (W.M.); (Y.Z.); (Z.L.); (Z.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hwang IW, Shin MK, Lee YJ, Kim ST, Lee SY, Lee B, Jang W, Yeo JH, Lee S, Sung JS. N-type Cav channel inhibition by spider venom peptide of Argiope bruennichi. Mol Cell Toxicol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-020-00109-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
23
|
Yousuf A, Sadeghi M, Adams DJ. Venom-Derived Peptides Inhibiting Voltage-Gated Sodium and Calcium Channels in Mammalian Sensory Neurons. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1349:3-19. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-4254-8_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
24
|
Mochida S. Neurotransmitter Release Site Replenishment and Presynaptic Plasticity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010327. [PMID: 33396919 PMCID: PMC7794938 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
An action potential (AP) triggers neurotransmitter release from synaptic vesicles (SVs) docking to a specialized release site of presynaptic plasma membrane, the active zone (AZ). The AP simultaneously controls the release site replenishment with SV for sustainable synaptic transmission in response to incoming neuronal signals. Although many studies have suggested that the replenishment time is relatively slow, recent studies exploring high speed resolution have revealed SV dynamics with milliseconds timescale after an AP. Accurate regulation is conferred by proteins sensing Ca2+ entering through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels opened by an AP. This review summarizes how millisecond Ca2+ dynamics activate multiple protein cascades for control of the release site replenishment with release-ready SVs that underlie presynaptic short-term plasticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sumiko Mochida
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Herzig V, Cristofori-Armstrong B, Israel MR, Nixon SA, Vetter I, King GF. Animal toxins - Nature's evolutionary-refined toolkit for basic research and drug discovery. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 181:114096. [PMID: 32535105 PMCID: PMC7290223 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Venomous animals have evolved toxins that interfere with specific components of their victim's core physiological systems, thereby causing biological dysfunction that aids in prey capture, defense against predators, or other roles such as intraspecific competition. Many animal lineages evolved venom systems independently, highlighting the success of this strategy. Over the course of evolution, toxins with exceptional specificity and high potency for their intended molecular targets have prevailed, making venoms an invaluable and almost inexhaustible source of bioactive molecules, some of which have found use as pharmacological tools, human therapeutics, and bioinsecticides. Current biomedically-focused research on venoms is directed towards their use in delineating the physiological role of toxin molecular targets such as ion channels and receptors, studying or treating human diseases, targeting vectors of human diseases, and treating microbial and parasitic infections. We provide examples of each of these areas of venom research, highlighting the potential that venom molecules hold for basic research and drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Volker Herzig
- School of Science & Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia.
| | | | - Mathilde R Israel
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Samantha A Nixon
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Irina Vetter
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Glenn F King
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Tsai HF, IJspeert C, Shen AQ. Voltage-gated ion channels mediate the electrotaxis of glioblastoma cells in a hybrid PMMA/PDMS microdevice. APL Bioeng 2020; 4:036102. [PMID: 32637857 PMCID: PMC7332302 DOI: 10.1063/5.0004893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Transformed astrocytes in the most aggressive form cause glioblastoma, the most common cancer in the central nervous system with high mortality. The physiological electric field by neuronal local field potentials and tissue polarity may guide the infiltration of glioblastoma cells through the electrotaxis process. However, microenvironments with multiplex gradients are difficult to create. In this work, we have developed a hybrid microfluidic platform to study glioblastoma electrotaxis in controlled microenvironments with high throughput quantitative analysis by machine learning-powered single cell tracking software. By equalizing the hydrostatic pressure difference between inlets and outlets of the microchannel, uniform single cells can be seeded reliably inside the microdevice. The electrotaxis of two glioblastoma models, T98G and U-251MG, requires an optimal laminin-containing extracellular matrix and exhibits opposite directional and electro-alignment tendencies. Calcium signaling is a key contributor in glioblastoma pathophysiology but its role in glioblastoma electrotaxis is still an open question. Anodal T98G electrotaxis and cathodal U-251MG electrotaxis require the presence of extracellular calcium cations. U-251MG electrotaxis is dependent on the P/Q-type voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) and T98G is dependent on the R-type VGCC. U-251MG electrotaxis and T98G electrotaxis are also mediated by A-type (rapidly inactivating) voltage-gated potassium channels and acid-sensing sodium channels. The involvement of multiple ion channels suggests that the glioblastoma electrotaxis is complex and patient-specific ion channel expression can be critical to develop personalized therapeutics to fight against cancer metastasis. The hybrid microfluidic design and machine learning-powered single cell analysis provide a simple and flexible platform for quantitative investigation of complicated biological systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsieh-Fu Tsai
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Camilo IJspeert
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Amy Q. Shen
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wang S, Cortes CJ. Interactions with PDZ proteins diversify voltage-gated calcium channel signaling. J Neurosci Res 2020; 99:332-348. [PMID: 32476168 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Voltage-gated Ca2+ (CaV ) channels are crucial for neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission upon depolarization. Their properties in vivo are modulated by their interaction with a variety of scaffolding proteins. Such interactions can influence the function and localization of CaV channels, as well as their coupling to intracellular second messengers and regulatory pathways, thus amplifying their signaling potential. Among these scaffolding proteins, a subset of PDZ (postsynaptic density-95, Drosophila discs-large, and zona occludens)-domain containing proteins play diverse roles in modulating CaV channel properties. At the presynaptic terminal, PDZ proteins enrich CaV channels in the active zone, enabling neurotransmitter release by maintaining a tight and vital link between channels and vesicles. In the postsynaptic density, these interactions are essential in regulating dendritic spine morphology and postsynaptic signaling cascades. In this review, we highlight the studies that demonstrate dynamic regulations of neuronal CaV channels by PDZ proteins. We discuss the role of PDZ proteins in controlling channel activity, regulating channel cell surface density, and influencing channel-mediated downstream signaling events. We highlight the importance of PDZ protein regulations of CaV channels and evaluate the link between this regulatory effect and human disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyi Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Neurology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Constanza J Cortes
- Department of Neurology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Chow CY, Absalom N, Biggs K, King GF, Ma L. Venom-derived modulators of epilepsy-related ion channels. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 181:114043. [PMID: 32445870 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is characterised by spontaneous recurrent seizures that are caused by an imbalance between neuronal excitability and inhibition. Since ion channels play fundamental roles in the generation and propagation of action potentials as well as neurotransmitter release at a subset of excitatory and inhibitory synapses, their dysfunction has been linked to a wide variety of epilepsies. Indeed, these unique proteins are the major biological targets for antiepileptic drugs. Selective targeting of a specific ion channel subtype remains challenging for small molecules, due to the high level of homology among members of the same channel family. As a consequence, there is a growing trend to target ion channels with biologics. Venoms are the best known natural source of ion channel modulators, and venom peptides are increasingly recognised as potential therapeutics due to their high selectivity and potency gained through millions of years of evolutionary selection pressure. Here we describe the major ion channel families involved in the pathogenesis of various types of epilepsy, including voltage-gated Na+, K+, Ca2+ channels, Cys-loop receptors, ionotropic glutamate receptors and P2X receptors, and currently available venom-derived peptides that target these channel proteins. Although only a small number of venom peptides have successfully progressed to the clinic, there is reason to be optimistic about their development as antiepileptic drugs, notwithstanding the challenges associated with development of any class of peptide drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun Yuen Chow
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Nathan Absalom
- Brain and Mind Centre, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Kimberley Biggs
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Glenn F King
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Linlin Ma
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Functional Postnatal Maturation of the Medial Olivocochlear Efferent-Outer Hair Cell Synapse. J Neurosci 2020; 40:4842-4857. [PMID: 32430293 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2409-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The organ of Corti, the auditory mammalian sensory epithelium, contains two types of mechanotransducer cells, inner hair cells (IHCs) and outer hair cells (OHCs). IHCs are involved in conveying acoustic stimuli to the CNS, while OHCs are implicated in the fine tuning and amplification of sounds. OHCs are innervated by medial olivocochlear (MOC) cholinergic efferent fibers. The functional characteristics of the MOC-OHC synapse during maturation were assessed by electrophysiological and pharmacological methods in mouse organs of Corti at postnatal day 11 (P11)-P13, hearing onset in altricial rodents, and at P20-P22 when the OHCs are morphologically and functionally mature. Synaptic currents were recorded in whole-cell voltage-clamped OHCs while electrically stimulating the MOC fibers. A progressive increase in the number of functional MOC-OHC synapses, as well as in their strength and efficacy, was observed between P11-13 and P20-22. At hearing onset, the MOC-OHC synapse presented facilitation during MOC fibers high-frequency stimulation that disappeared at mature stages. In addition, important changes were found in the VGCC that are coupled to transmitter release. Ca2+ flowing in through L-type VGCCs contribute to trigger ACh release together with P/Q- and R-type VGCCs at P11-P13, but not at P20-P22. Interestingly, N-type VGCCs were found to be involved in this process at P20-P22, but not at hearing onset. Moreover, the degree of compartmentalization of calcium channels with respect to BK channels and presynaptic release components significantly increased from P11-P13 to P20-P22. These results suggest that the MOC-OHC synapse is immature at the onset of hearing.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The functional expression of both VGCCs and BK channels, as well as their localization with respect to the presynaptic components involved in transmitter release, are key elements in determining synaptic efficacy. In this work, we show dynamic changes in the expression of VGCCs and Ca2+-dependent BK K+ channels coupled to ACh release at the MOC-OHC synapse and their shift in compartmentalization during postnatal maturation. These processes most likely set the short-term plasticity pattern and reliability of the MOC-OHC synapse on high-frequency activity.
Collapse
|
30
|
Velázquez-Marrero C, Custer EE, Marrero H, Ortiz-Miranda S, Lemos JR. Voltage-induced Ca 2+ release by ryanodine receptors causes neuropeptide secretion from nerve terminals. J Neuroendocrinol 2020; 32:e12840. [PMID: 32227430 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Depolarisation-secretion coupling is assumed to be dependent only on extracellular calcium ([Ca2+ ]o ). Ryanodine receptor (RyR)-sensitive stores in hypothalamic neurohypophysial system (HNS) terminals produce sparks of intracellular calcium ([Ca2+ ]i ) that are voltage-dependent. We hypothesised that voltage-elicited increases in intraterminal calcium are crucial for neuropeptide secretion from presynaptic terminals, whether from influx through voltage-gated calcium channels and/or from such voltage-sensitive ryanodine-mediated calcium stores. Increases in [Ca2+ ]i upon depolarisation in the presence of voltage-gated calcium channel blockers, or in the absence of [Ca2+ ]o , still give rise to neuropeptide secretion from HNS terminals. Even in 0 [Ca2+ ]o , there was nonetheless an increase in capacitance suggesting exocytosis upon depolarisation. This was blocked by antagonist concentrations of ryanodine, as was peptide secretion elicited by high K+ in 0 [Ca2+ ]o . Furthermore, such depolarisations lead to increases in [Ca2+ ]i . Pre-incubation with BAPTA-AM resulted in > 50% inhibition of peptide secretion elicited by high K+ in 0 [Ca2+ ]o . Nifedipine but not nicardipine inhibited both the high K+ response for neuropeptide secretion and intraterminal calcium, suggesting the involvement of CaV1.1 type channels as sensors in voltage-induced calcium release. Importantly, RyR antagonists also modulate neuropeptide release under normal physiological conditions. In conclusion, our results indicate that depolarisation-induced neuropeptide secretion is present in the absence of external calcium, and calcium release from ryanodine-sensitive internal stores is a significant physiological contributor to neuropeptide secretion from HNS terminals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Edward E Custer
- Departments of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, Neurobiology & Program in Neuroscience, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Héctor Marrero
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Sonia Ortiz-Miranda
- Departments of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, Neurobiology & Program in Neuroscience, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - José R Lemos
- Departments of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, Neurobiology & Program in Neuroscience, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Das S, Patel B. Marine resources and animals in modern biotechnology. Anim Biotechnol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-811710-1.00027-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
32
|
Pitake S, Middleton LJ, Abdus-Saboor I, Mishra SK. Inflammation Induced Sensory Nerve Growth and Pain Hypersensitivity Requires the N-Type Calcium Channel Cav2.2. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:1009. [PMID: 31607850 PMCID: PMC6761232 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) are important mediators of pain hypersensitivity during inflammatory states, but their role in sensory nerve growth remains underexplored. Here, we assess the role of the N-type calcium channel Cav2.2 in the complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) model of inflammatory pain. We demonstrate with in situ hybridization and immunoblotting, an increase in Cav2.2 expression after hind paw CFA injection in sensory neurons that respond to thermal stimuli, but not in two different mechanosensitive neuronal populations. Further, Cav2.2 upregulation post-CFA correlates with thermal but not mechanical hyperalgesia in behaving mice, and this hypersensitivity is blocked with a specific Cav2.2 inhibitor. Voltage clamp recordings reveal a significant increase in Cav2.2 currents post-CFA, while current clamp analyses demonstrate a significant increase in action potential frequency. Moreover, CFA-induced sensory nerve growth, which involves the extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK1/2) signaling pathway and likely contributes to inflammation-induced hyperalgesia, was blocked with the Cav2.2 inhibitor. Together, this work uncovers a role for Cav2.2 during inflammation, demonstrating that VGCC activity can promote thermal hyperalgesia through both changes in firing rates of sensory neurons as well as promotion of new neurite outgrowth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saumitra Pitake
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.,Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Leah J Middleton
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ishmail Abdus-Saboor
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Santosh K Mishra
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.,Comparative Medicine Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.,The W.M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.,Program in Genetics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Koyanagi Y, Torturo CL, Cook DC, Zhou Z, Hemmings HC. Role of specific presynaptic calcium channel subtypes in isoflurane inhibition of synaptic vesicle exocytosis in rat hippocampal neurones. Br J Anaesth 2019; 123:219-227. [PMID: 31056238 PMCID: PMC6676046 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2019.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND P/Q- and N-type voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC) are the principal subtypes mediating synaptic vesicle (SV) exocytosis. Both the degree of isoflurane inhibition of SV exocytosis and VGCC subtype expression vary between brain regions and neurotransmitter phenotype. We hypothesised that differences in VGCC subtype expression contribute to synapse-selective presynaptic effects of isoflurane. METHODS We used quantitative live-cell imaging to measure exocytosis in cultured rat hippocampal neurones after transfection of the fluorescent biosensor vGlut1-pHluorin. Selective inhibitors of P/Q- and N-type VGCCs were used to isolate subtype-specific effects of isoflurane. RESULTS Inhibition of N-type channels by 1 μM ω-conotoxin GVIA reduced SV exocytosis to 81±5% of control (n=10). Residual exocytosis mediated by P/Q-type channels was further inhibited by isoflurane to 42±4% of control (n=10). The P/Q-type channel inhibitor ω-agatoxin IVA at 0.4 μM inhibited SV exocytosis to 29±3% of control (n=10). Residual exocytosis mediated by N-type channels was further inhibited by isoflurane to 17±3% of control (n=10). Analysis of isoflurane effects at the level of individual boutons revealed no difference in sensitivity to isoflurane between P/Q- or N-type channel-mediated SV exocytosis (P=0.35). There was no correlation between the effect of agatoxin (P=0.91) or conotoxin (P=0.15) and the effect of isoflurane on exocytosis. CONCLUSIONS Sensitivity of SV exocytosis to isoflurane in rat hippocampal neurones is independent of the specific VGCC subtype coupled to exocytosis. The differential sensitivity of VGCC subtypes to isoflurane does not explain the observed neurotransmitter-selective effects of isoflurane in hippocampus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Koyanagi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Daniel C Cook
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhenyu Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hugh C Hemmings
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Nanou E, Catterall WA. Calcium Channels, Synaptic Plasticity, and Neuropsychiatric Disease. Neuron 2019; 98:466-481. [PMID: 29723500 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Voltage-gated calcium channels couple depolarization of the cell-surface membrane to entry of calcium, which triggers secretion, contraction, neurotransmission, gene expression, and other physiological responses. They are encoded by ten genes, which generate three voltage-gated calcium channel subfamilies: CaV1; CaV2; and CaV3. At synapses, CaV2 channels form large signaling complexes in the presynaptic nerve terminal, which are responsible for the calcium entry that triggers neurotransmitter release and short-term presynaptic plasticity. CaV1 channels form signaling complexes in postsynaptic dendrites and dendritic spines, where their calcium entry induces long-term potentiation. These calcium channels are the targets of mutations and polymorphisms that alter their function and/or regulation and cause neuropsychiatric diseases, including migraine headache, cerebellar ataxia, autism, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depression. This article reviews the molecular properties of calcium channels, considers their multiple roles in synaptic plasticity, and discusses their potential involvement in this wide range of neuropsychiatric diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evanthia Nanou
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-7280, USA
| | - William A Catterall
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-7280, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Presynaptic Calcium Channels. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092217. [PMID: 31064106 PMCID: PMC6539076 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Presynaptic Ca2+ entry occurs through voltage-gated Ca2+ (CaV) channels which are activated by membrane depolarization. Depolarization accompanies neuronal firing and elevation of Ca2+ triggers neurotransmitter release from synaptic vesicles. For synchronization of efficient neurotransmitter release, synaptic vesicles are targeted by presynaptic Ca2+ channels forming a large signaling complex in the active zone. The presynaptic CaV2 channel gene family (comprising CaV2.1, CaV2.2, and CaV2.3 isoforms) encode the pore-forming α1 subunit. The cytoplasmic regions are responsible for channel modulation by interacting with regulatory proteins. This article overviews modulation of the activity of CaV2.1 and CaV2.2 channels in the control of synaptic strength and presynaptic plasticity.
Collapse
|
36
|
Gundersen CB. Fast, synchronous neurotransmitter release: Past, present and future. Neuroscience 2019; 439:22-27. [PMID: 31047980 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
This mini-review starts with a summary of the crucial contributions Ricardo Miledi made to our understanding of how the action potential triggers fast, synchronous transmitter release. It then transitions to the discovery of synaptotagmin and its role as the exocytotic Ca2+ sensor at nerve terminals. The final section confronts the array of unique models that have been proposed to explain the membrane fusion step of exocytosis. More than a dozen different hypotheses seek to explain the terminal steps of the exocytotic cascade. It will be an interesting challenge for the field to distinguish among these possibilities. Nevertheless, with ongoing technological advances, perhaps we will have a better picture of this process by the end of the coming decade. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Honoring Ricardo Miledi - outstanding neuroscientist of XX-XXI centuries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cameron B Gundersen
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Bajaj S, Han J. Venom-Derived Peptide Modulators of Cation-Selective Channels: Friend, Foe or Frenemy. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:58. [PMID: 30863305 PMCID: PMC6399158 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Ion channels play a key role in our body to regulate homeostasis and conduct electrical signals. With the help of advances in structural biology, as well as the discovery of numerous channel modulators derived from animal toxins, we are moving toward a better understanding of the function and mode of action of ion channels. Their ubiquitous tissue distribution and the physiological relevancies of their opening and closing suggest that cation channels are particularly attractive drug targets, and years of research has revealed a variety of natural toxins that bind to these channels and alter their function. In this review, we provide an introductory overview of the major cation ion channels: potassium channels, sodium channels and calcium channels, describe their venom-derived peptide modulators, and how these peptides provide great research and therapeutic value to both basic and translational medical research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saumya Bajaj
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jingyao Han
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Developmental Synaptic Changes at the Transient Olivocochlear-Inner Hair Cell Synapse. J Neurosci 2019; 39:3360-3375. [PMID: 30755493 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2746-18.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the mature mammalian cochlea, inner hair cells (IHCs) are mainly innervated by afferent fibers that convey sound information to the CNS. During postnatal development, however, medial olivocochlear (MOC) efferent fibers transiently innervate the IHCs. The MOC-IHC synapse, functional from postnatal day 0 (P0) to hearing onset (P12), undergoes dramatic changes in the sensitivity to acetylcholine (ACh) and in the expression of key postsynaptic proteins. To evaluate whether there are associated changes in the properties of ACh release during this period, we used a cochlear preparation from mice of either sex at P4, P6-P7, and P9-P11 and monitored transmitter release from MOC terminals in voltage-clamped IHCs in the whole-cell configuration. The quantum content increased 5.6× from P4 to P9-P11 due to increases in the size and replenishment rate of the readily releasable pool of synaptic vesicles without changes in their probability of release or quantum size. This strengthening in transmission was accompanied by changes in short-term plasticity properties, which switched from facilitation at P4 to depression at P9-P11. We have previously shown that at P9-P11, ACh release is supported by P/Q- and N-type voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) and negatively regulated by BK potassium channels activated by Ca2+ influx through L-type VGCCs. We now show that at P4 and P6-P7, release is mediated by P/Q-, R- and L-type VGCCs. Interestingly, L-type VGCCs have a dual role: they both support release and fuel BK channels, suggesting that at immature stages presynaptic proteins involved in release are less compartmentalized.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT During postnatal development before the onset of hearing, cochlear inner hair cells (IHCs) present spontaneous Ca2+ action potentials that release glutamate at the first auditory synapse in the absence of sound stimulation. The IHC Ca2+ action potential frequency pattern, which is crucial for the correct establishment and function of the auditory system, is regulated by the efferent medial olivocochlear (MOC) system that transiently innervates IHCs during this period. We show here that developmental changes in synaptic strength and synaptic plasticity properties at the MOC-IHC synapse upon MOC fiber activation at different frequencies might be crucial for tightly shaping the pattern of afferent activity during this critical period.
Collapse
|
39
|
Nussinovitch I. Ca2+ Channels in Anterior Pituitary Somatotrophs: A Therapeutic Perspective. Endocrinology 2018; 159:4043-4055. [PMID: 30395240 DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-00743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Ca2+ influx through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs) plays a key role in GH secretion. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the physiology and molecular machinery of VGCCs in pituitary somatotrophs. We next discuss the possible involvement of Ca2+ channelopathies in pituitary disease and the potential use of Ca2+ channel blockers to treat pituitary disease. Various types of VGCCs exist in pituitary cells. However, because L-type Ca2+ channels (LTCCs) contribute the major component to Ca2+ influx in somatotrophs, lactotrophs, and corticotrophs, we focused on these channels. An increasing number of studies in recent years have linked genetic missense mutations in LTCCs to diseases of the human cardiovascular, nervous, and endocrine systems. These disease-associated genetic mutations occur at homologous functional positions (activation gates) in LTCCs. Thus, it is plausible that similar homologous missense mutations in pituitary LTCCs can cause abnormal hormone secretion and underlying pituitary disorders. The existence of LTCCs in pituitary cells opens questions about their sensitivity to dihydropyridines, a group of selective LTCC blockers. The dihydropyridine sensitivity of pituitary cells, as with any other excitable cell, depends primarily on two parameters: the pattern of their electrical activity and the dihydropyridine sensitivity of their LTCC isoforms. These two parameters are discussed in detail in relation to somatotrophs. These discussions are also relevant to lactotrophs and corticotrophs. High dihydropyridine sensitivity may facilitate their use as drugs to treat pituitary oversecretion disorders such as acromegaly, hyperprolactinemia, and Cushing disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Itzhak Nussinovitch
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada (IMRIC), The Hebrew University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Shih CH, Chen CM, Ko WC. Mechanisms of butylidenephthalide for twitch facilitation in electrically stimulated mouse vas deferens. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2018; 56:378-384. [PMID: 30122096 PMCID: PMC6130712 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2018.1495749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The rhizome of Ligusticum chuaxiong Hort. (Umbelliferae) has been used by Chinese for several thousand years. Its main constituent, butylidenephthalide (Bdph), was proved to be active in inhibiting rat uterine contractions induced by prostaglandin F2α and was reported to be a nonspecific antispamodic and a blocker of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (VDCCs). OBJECTIVES The present study investigates the mechanisms of Bdph for twitch facilitation in ICR mouse vas deferens (MVD). MATERIALS AND METHODS Electrical field stimulation (EFS, supramaximal voltage ranging from 60-90 V, 1 ms, 0.2 Hz) was applied to the isolated MVD in Krebs solution. Interactions between Bdph (50 µM) and calcium antagonist (verapamil, diltiazem or aspaminol) on the EFS-evoked twitch responses were determined. The number of experiments was 3-18. RESULTS Bdph (50 µM)-induced twitch facilitations from 100 to 391.9% were unrelated to activation of postjunctional cholinergic or adrenergic receptors. Verapamil and Bdph unabolished the twitch facilitation each other. Diltiazem unabolished the Bdph-induced twitch facilitation. In contrast, Bdph abolished those induced by diltiazem. Aspaminol at 20 μM abolished the Bdph-induced twitch facilitation. In contrast, Bdph abolished those induced by aspaminol. Tetraethylammonium and 4-aminopyridine, the K+ channel blockers, significantly augmented the Bdph-induced twitch facilitation. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Bdph may bind to the different, more and same subtypes of VDCCs from verapamil, than diltiazem, and as aspaminol does on prejunctional membrane, respectively. Besides a blocker of VDCCs, Bdph may be a blocker of K+ channels on prejunctional membrane. Thus, Bdph depolarized the membrane and facilitated the cumulative Ca2+-induced twitch responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Hung Shih
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ming Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wun-Chang Ko
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Oliveira KM, Binda NS, Lavor MSL, Silva CMO, Rosado IR, Gabellini ELA, Da Silva JF, Oliveira CM, Melo MM, Gomez MV, Melo EG. Conotoxin MVIIA improves cell viability and antioxidant system after spinal cord injury in rats. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204948. [PMID: 30286181 PMCID: PMC6171875 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates whether intrathecal MVIIA injection after spinal cord injury (SCI) elicits neuroprotective effects. The test rats were randomly distributed into six groups— sham, placebo, MVIIA 2.5 μM, MVIIA 5 μM, MVIIA 10 μM, and MVIIA 20 μM—and were administered the treatment four hours after SCI. After the optimal MVIIA dose (MVIIA 10 μM) was defined, the best time for application, one or four hours, was analyzed. Locomotor hind limb function and side effects were assessed. Forty-eight hours after the injury and immediately after euthanasia, spinal cord segments were removed from the test rats. Cell viability, reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and glutamate release were investigated. To examine the MVIIA mechanism of action, the gene expressions of pro-apoptotic (Bax, nNOS, and caspase-3, -8, -9, -12) and anti-apoptotic (Bcl-xl) factors in the spinal cord tissue samples were determined by real-time PCR, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes were also investigated. Application of intrathecal MVIIA 10 μM four hours after SCI prompted a neuroprotective effect: neuronal death decreased (22.46%), oxidative stress diminished, pro-apoptotic factors (Bax, nNOS, and caspase-3, -8) were expressed to a lesser extent, and mitochondrial viability as well as anti-apoptotic factor (Bcl-xl) expression increased. These results suggested that MVIIA provided neuroprotection through antioxidant effects. Indeed, superoxide dismutase (188.41%), and glutathione peroxidase (199.96%), reductase (193.86%), and transferase (175.93%) expressions increased. Therefore, intrathecal MVIIA (MVIIA 10 μM, 4 h) application has neuroprotective potential, and the possible mechanisms are related to antioxidant agent modulation and to intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen M. Oliveira
- Clinical and Surgery Department, Veterinary School, Minas Gerais Federal University, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Nancy S. Binda
- Laboratory of Toxins, Institute of Education and Research, Santa Casa, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mário Sérgio L. Lavor
- Department of Agrarian and Environmental Sciences, Santa Cruz State University, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Carla M. O. Silva
- Clinical and Surgery Department, Veterinary School, Minas Gerais Federal University, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Isabel R. Rosado
- Veterinary Medicine Department, Uberaba University, Uberada, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana F. Da Silva
- Laboratory of Toxins, Institute of Education and Research, Santa Casa, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Marília M. Melo
- Clinical and Surgery Department, Veterinary School, Minas Gerais Federal University, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinícius Gomez
- Laboratory of Toxins, Institute of Education and Research, Santa Casa, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eliane G. Melo
- Clinical and Surgery Department, Veterinary School, Minas Gerais Federal University, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
More HL, Donelan JM. Scaling of sensorimotor delays in terrestrial mammals. Proc Biol Sci 2018; 285:20180613. [PMID: 30158304 PMCID: PMC6125920 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2018.0613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Whether an animal is trying to escape from a predator, avoid a fall or perform a more mundane task, the effectiveness of its sensory feedback is constrained by sensorimotor delays. Here, we combine electrophysiological experiments, systematic reviews of the literature and biophysical models to determine how delays associated with the fastest locomotor reflex scale with size in terrestrial mammals. Nerve conduction delay is one contributor, and increases strongly with animal size. Sensing, synaptic and neuromuscular junction delays also contribute, and we approximate each as a constant value independent of animal size. Muscle's electromechanical and force generation delays increase more moderately with animal size than nerve conduction delay, but their total contribution exceeds that of the four neural delays. The sum of these six component delays, termed total delay, increases with animal size in proportion to M0.21-large mammals experience total delays 17 times longer than small mammals. The slower movement times of large animals mostly offset their long delays resulting in a more modest, but perhaps still significant, doubling of their total delay relative to movement duration when compared with their smaller counterparts. Irrespective of size, sensorimotor delay is likely a challenge for all mammals, particularly during fast running.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heather L More
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
| | - J Maxwell Donelan
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Akef HM. Anticancer, antimicrobial, and analgesic activities of spider venoms. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2018; 7:381-395. [PMID: 30090588 PMCID: PMC6060684 DOI: 10.1039/c8tx00022k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Spider venoms are complex mixtures composed of a variety of compounds, including salts, small organic molecules, peptides, and proteins. But, the venom of a few species is dangerous to humans. High levels of chemical diversity make spider venoms attractive subjects for chemical prospecting. Many spider venom components show potential activity against a wide range of human diseases. However, the development of novel venom-derived therapeutics requires an understanding of their mechanisms of action. This review will highlight the structures, activities and the possible mechanisms of action of spider venoms and their components against cancer, microbial infections, and pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan M Akef
- National Organization for Research and Control of Biologicals (NORCB) , Giza , Egypt . ; ; Tel: +20-2-37480478
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Presynaptic calcium channels. Neurosci Res 2018; 127:33-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2017.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
45
|
A novel α-conopeptide Eu1.6 inhibits N-type (Ca V2.2) calcium channels and exhibits potent analgesic activity. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1004. [PMID: 29343689 PMCID: PMC5772529 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18479-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We here describe a novel α-conopeptide, Eu1.6 from Conus eburneus, which exhibits strong anti-nociceptive activity by an unexpected mechanism of action. Unlike other α-conopeptides that largely target nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), Eu1.6 displayed only weak inhibitory activity at the α3β4 and α7 nAChR subtypes and TTX-resistant sodium channels, and no activity at TTX-sensitive sodium channels in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, or opiate receptors, VR1, KCNQ1, L- and T-type calcium channels expressed in HEK293 cells. However, Eu1.6 inhibited high voltage-activated N-type calcium channel currents in isolated mouse DRG neurons which was independent of GABAB receptor activation. In HEK293 cells expressing CaV2.2 channels alone, Eu1.6 reversibly inhibited depolarization-activated Ba2+ currents in a voltage- and state-dependent manner. Inhibition of CaV2.2 by Eu1.6 was concentration-dependent (IC50 ~1 nM). Significantly, systemic administration of Eu1.6 at doses of 2.5–5.0 μg/kg exhibited potent analgesic activities in rat partial sciatic nerve injury and chronic constriction injury pain models. Furthermore, Eu1.6 had no significant side-effect on spontaneous locomotor activity, cardiac and respiratory function, and drug dependence in mice. These findings suggest α-conopeptide Eu1.6 is a potent analgesic for the treatment of neuropathic and chronic pain and opens a novel option for future analgesic drug design.
Collapse
|
46
|
L-type calcium channels in exocytosis and endocytosis of chromaffin cells. Pflugers Arch 2017; 470:53-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-017-2064-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
47
|
Effect of the spider toxin Tx3-3 on spinal processing of sensory information in naive and neuropathic rats: an in vivo electrophysiological study. Pain Rep 2017; 2:e610. [PMID: 29392225 PMCID: PMC5741365 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000000610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The P/Q- and R-type voltage-gated calcium channel blocker Tx3-3 inhibits dorsal horn neuronal response of rats with greater potency after nerve injury. Introduction: Drugs that counteract nociceptive transmission in the spinal dorsal horn preferentially after nerve injury are being pursued as possible neuropathic pain treatments. In a previous behavioural study, the peptide toxin Tx3-3, which blocks P/Q- and R-type voltage-gated calcium channels, was effective in neuropathic pain models. Objectives: In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of Tx3-3 on dorsal horn neuronal responses in rats under physiological conditions and neuropathic pain condition induced by spinal nerve ligation (SNL). Methods: In vivo electrophysiological recordings of dorsal horn neuronal response to electrical and natural (mechanical and thermal) stimuli were made in rats under normal physiological state (naive rats) or after the SNL model of neuropathic pain. Results: Tx3-3 (0.3–100 pmol/site) exhibited greater inhibitory effect on electrical-evoked neuronal response of SNL rats than naive rats, inhibiting nociceptive C-fibre and Aδ-fibre responses only in SNL rats. The wind-up of neurones, a measurement of spinal cord hyperexcitability, was also more susceptible to a dose-related inhibition by Tx3-3 after nerve injury. Moreover, Tx3-3 exhibited higher potency to inhibit mechanical- and thermal-evoked neuronal response in conditions of neuropathy. Conclusion: Tx3-3 mediated differential inhibitory effect under physiological and neuropathic conditions, exhibiting greater potency in conditions of neuropathic pain.
Collapse
|
48
|
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhu Zhou
- Xiangya
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
- Department
of Chemistry, Water Institute, and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Runjhun Saran
- Department
of Chemistry, Water Institute, and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Juewen Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Water Institute, and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Xie B, Huang Y, Baumann K, Fry BG, Shi Q. From Marine Venoms to Drugs: Efficiently Supported by a Combination of Transcriptomics and Proteomics. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15040103. [PMID: 28358320 PMCID: PMC5408249 DOI: 10.3390/md15040103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential of marine natural products to become new drugs is vast; however, research is still in its infancy. The chemical and biological diversity of marine toxins is immeasurable and as such an extraordinary resource for the discovery of new drugs. With the rapid development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), it has been much easier and faster to identify more toxins and predict their functions with bioinformatics pipelines, which pave the way for novel drug developments. Here we provide an overview of related bioinformatics pipelines that have been supported by a combination of transcriptomics and proteomics for identification and function prediction of novel marine toxins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xie
- Venomics Research Group, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.
| | - Yu Huang
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China.
| | - Kate Baumann
- Venom Evolution Lab, School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia 4072, Australia.
| | - Bryan Grieg Fry
- Venom Evolution Lab, School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia 4072, Australia.
| | - Qiong Shi
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China.
- BGI Shenzhen Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Fisheries, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Roca-Lapirot O, Radwani H, Aby F, Nagy F, Landry M, Fossat P. Calcium signalling through L-type calcium channels: role in pathophysiology of spinal nociceptive transmission. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 175:2362-2374. [PMID: 28214378 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
L-type voltage-gated calcium channels are ubiquitous channels in the CNS. L-type calcium channels (LTCs) are mostly post-synaptic channels regulating neuronal firing and gene expression. They play a role in important physio-pathological processes such as learning and memory, Parkinson's disease, autism and, as recognized more recently, in the pathophysiology of pain processes. Classically, the fundamental role of these channels in cardiovascular functions has limited the use of classical molecules to treat LTC-dependent disorders. However, when applied locally in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, the three families of LTC pharmacological blockers - dihydropyridines (nifedipine), phenylalkylamines (verapamil) and benzothiazepines (diltiazem) - proved effective in altering short-term sensitization to pain, inflammation-induced hyperexcitability and neuropathy-induced allodynia. Two subtypes of LTCs, Cav 1.2 and Cav 1.3, are expressed in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, where Cav 1.2 channels are localized mostly in the soma and proximal dendritic shafts, and Cav 1.3 channels are more distally located in the somato-dendritic compartment. Together with their different kinetics and pharmacological properties, this spatial distribution contributes to their separate roles in shaping short- and long-term sensitization to pain. Cav 1.3 channels sustain the expression of plateau potentials, an input/output amplification phenomenon that contributes to short-term sensitization to pain such as prolonged after-discharges, dynamic receptive fields and windup. The Cav 1.2 channels support calcium influx that is crucial for the excitation-transcription coupling underlying nerve injury-induced dorsal horn hyperexcitability. These subtype-specific cellular mechanisms may have different consequences in the development and/or the maintenance of pathological pain. Recent progress in developing more specific compounds for each subunit will offer new opportunities to modulate LTCs for the treatment of pathological pain with reduced side-effects. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Recent Advances in Targeting Ion Channels to Treat Chronic Pain. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.12/issuetoc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Roca-Lapirot
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience (IINS, CNRS UMR 5297), University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Houda Radwani
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience (IINS, CNRS UMR 5297), University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Franck Aby
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience (IINS, CNRS UMR 5297), University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Frédéric Nagy
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience (IINS, CNRS UMR 5297), University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Marc Landry
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience (IINS, CNRS UMR 5297), University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Pascal Fossat
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience (IINS, CNRS UMR 5297), University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|