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Fan X, Gu S, Lei J, Gu S, Yang L. Controlled Release of Insulin Based on Temperature and Glucose Dual Responsive Biomicrocapsules. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27051686. [PMID: 35268787 PMCID: PMC8912095 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of diabetes lies in developing novel functional carriers, which are expected to have the unique capability of monitoring blood glucose levels continuously and dispensing insulin correctly and timely. Hence, this study is proposing to create a smart self-regulated insulin delivery system according to changes in glucose concentration. Temperature and glucose dual responsive copolymer microcapsules bearing N-isopropylacrylamide and 3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid as main components were developed by bottom-spray coating technology and template method. The insulinoma β-TC6 cells were trapped in the copolymer microcapsules by use of temperature sensitivity, and then growth, proliferation, and glucose-responsive insulin secretion of microencapsulated cells were successively monitored. The copolymer microcapsules showed favorable structural stability and good biocompatibility against β-TC6 cells. Compared with free cells, the biomicrocapsules presented a more effective and safer glucose-dependent insulin release behavior. The bioactivity of secreted and released insulin did not differ between free and encapsulated β-TC6 cells. The results demonstrated that the copolymer microcapsules had a positive effect on real-time sensing of glucose and precise controlled release of insulin. The intelligent drug delivery system is supposed to mimic insulin secretion in a physiological manner, and further provide new perspectives and technical support for the development of artificial pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Fan
- College of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (X.F.); (S.G.); (J.L.)
| | - Shiya Gu
- College of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (X.F.); (S.G.); (J.L.)
| | - Jingsheng Lei
- College of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (X.F.); (S.G.); (J.L.)
| | - Shiyan Gu
- College of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (X.F.); (S.G.); (J.L.)
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (L.Y.)
| | - Lei Yang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, China
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (L.Y.)
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Birgul Akolpoglu M, Inceoglu Y, Kizilel S. An all-aqueous approach for physical immobilization of PEG-lipid microgels on organoid surfaces. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 186:110708. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Amir I, Zuberi A, Kamran M, Imran M, Murtaza MUH. Evaluation of commercial application of dietary encapsulated probiotic (Geotrichum candidum QAUGC01): Effect on growth and immunological indices of rohu (Labeo rohita, Hamilton 1822) in semi-intensive culture system. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 95:464-472. [PMID: 31698070 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Encapsulated probiotic administration can be a nutritional strategy to improve the growth performance and immune status of fish. Here commercial application of encapsulated G. candidum was evaluated as a feed supplement to fingerlings of L. rohita reared in earthen ponds under semi-intensive culture conditions. Fingerlings with an average body weight of 20 ± 2.34 g were distributed randomly in three groups and experiment was conducted in triplicate. The control group (P0) was fed 35% protein basal diet while the two treated groups, P1 and P2 were fed basal diet supplemented with 109 CFU g-1 un-encapsulated (free) and encapsulated G. candidum, respectively, for eleven weeks. Results indicated significantly (P < 0.05) improved growth rate, intestinal enzyme activities (protease, amylase and cellulase) and hemato-immunological indices (RBCs, Hb, HCT, WBCs, MCHC, respiratory bursts and phagocytic activity, total protein, lysozyme, IgM), upregulation of heat shock protein HSP 70 gene in muscle, intestine and liver tissues and reduction of serum AST and ALT activities, total cholesterol and triglyceride in fish fed G. candidum supplemented diets (P1 and P2 groups) as compared to basal diet (P0 group). However, diet supplemented with encapsulated G. candidum showed the most significant (p < 0.001) positive effect in comparison to un-encapsulated probiotic. In conclusion, a pronounced effect of G. candidum especially in the encapsulated form on the growth, health status and immunity of L. rohita reared in semi intensive culture system, suggesting its application as a feed additive in practical/commercial semi-intensive earthen pond culture system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imrana Amir
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Program, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Amina Zuberi
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Program, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Program, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Mahmood Ul Hassan Murtaza
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Program, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
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Bansal A, D'Sa S, D'Souza MJ. Biofabrication of microcapsules encapsulating beta-TC-6 cells via scalable device and in-vivo evaluation in type 1 diabetic mice. Int J Pharm 2019; 572:118830. [PMID: 31715349 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a disease characterized by lack of pancreatic islet function. Whole tissue transplantation appears to be a viable alternative in the management of T1DM. This study aims at the fabrication and evaluation of alginate-chitosan microcapsules encapsulating insulin-secreting beta-TC-6 cells using an automated spraying nozzle. Uniform spherical microcapsules (250-350 µm) encapsulated with beta-TC-6 cells were fabricated in large quantities in a short span of time. Microencapsulated beta-TC-6 cells were transplanted intraperitoneally into streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic mice and monitored for immune tolerance and decrease in blood glucose levels. Mice that received microencapsulated beta-TC-6 cells maintained normoglycemia for 35 ± 5 days before rejection. However, the group that received naked beta-TC-6 cells rejected the cells within 1-2 days, unable to control elevated blood glucose levels. They also exhibited high immune reactions, as evidenced by elevated levels of CD8+ and CD62L T cells. CD4+ T cells that mediated a Th2 response (humoral response) were predominant in microencapsulated beta-TC-6 cells and cells only group as evidenced by elevated levels of CD45R. Our findings from the in-vivo study demonstrated that transplantation of microencapsulated beta-TC-6 cells can be a viable alternative in the management of T1DM with acceptable immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Bansal
- Center for Drug Delivery Research, Vaccine Nanotechnology Laboratory, Mercer University, College of Pharmacy, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
| | - Sucheta D'Sa
- Center for Drug Delivery Research, Vaccine Nanotechnology Laboratory, Mercer University, College of Pharmacy, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Martin J D'Souza
- Center for Drug Delivery Research, Vaccine Nanotechnology Laboratory, Mercer University, College of Pharmacy, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
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Tsuchiya M, Tsuchiya K, Ohgawara H. Molecular Cloning of the Porcine Insulin cDNA Using a Monolayer Culture of Pancreatic Endocrine Cells. Cell Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.3727/000000001783986611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine pancreatic endocrine cells are an attractive candidate for islet cell transplantation in view of the immunological properties and structural similarities of porcine insulin to human insulin. We recently established a method of isolation and a primary monolayer culture of porcine pancreatic endocrine cells. In this study, cloning of the porcine insulin cDNA was performed to clarify the genetic background of the purified isolated cells. A homology-based PCR cloning method was employed to determine the sequence using mRNA extracted from the monolayer-forming cells, and the candidate products were then determined by a homology search on the human insulin cDNA. According to the newly identified sequence, rapid amplification of cDNA ends was applied to the 5′ and 3′ ends, and the entire cDNA sequence was determined. Gene and protein expression was confirmed by Northern blotting, immunohistochemistry, and enzyme assay. To examine the transcriptional level, the cultured cells were incubated in a 20 mM D-glucose medium in the presence or absence of 5 μM forskolin. The porcine insulin cDNA exhibited a high homology to the human cDNA and showed 85% matching with the human amino acid sequence. D-Glucose at 20 mM stimulated the insulin secretion and mRNA expression, and further addition of 5 μM forskolin with the glucose was applied as the strongest stimulus in this culture system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Tsuchiya
- Institute of Geriatrics, Aoyama Hospital, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Tsuchiya
- Department of Medicine IV, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisako Ohgawara
- Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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Robles L, Storrs R, Lamb M, Alexander M, Lakey JRT. Current status of islet encapsulation. Cell Transplant 2013; 23:1321-48. [PMID: 23880554 DOI: 10.3727/096368913x670949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell encapsulation is a method of encasing cells in a semipermeable matrix that provides a permeable gradient for the passage of oxygen and nutrients, but effectively blocks immune-regulating cells from reaching the graft, preventing rejection. This concept has been described as early as the 1930s, but it has exhibited substantial achievements over the last decade. Several advances in encapsulation engineering, chemical purification, applications, and cell viability promise to make this a revolutionary technology. Several obstacles still need to be overcome before this process becomes a reality, including developing a reliable source of islets or insulin-producing cells, determining the ideal biomaterial to promote graft function, reducing the host response to the encapsulation device, and ultimately a streamlined, scaled-up process for industry to be able to efficiently and safely produce encapsulated cells for clinical use. This article provides a comprehensive review of cell encapsulation of islets for the treatment of type 1 diabetes, including a historical perspective, current research findings, and future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Robles
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
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Yang R, Xi N, Lai KWC, Patterson K, Chen H, Song B, Qu C, Zhong B, Wang DH. Cellular biophysical dynamics and ion channel activities detected by AFM-based nanorobotic manipulator in insulinoma β-cells. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2013; 9:636-45. [PMID: 23178285 PMCID: PMC3594338 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2012.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Revised: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Distinct biochemical, electrochemical and electromechanical coupling processes of pancreatic β-cells may well underlie different response patterns of insulin release from glucose and capsaicin stimulation. Intracellular Ca(2+) levels increased rapidly and dose-dependently upon glucose stimulation, accompanied with about threefold rapid increases in cellular stiffness. Subsequently, cellular stiffness diminished rapidly and settled at a value about twofold of the baseline. Capsaicin caused a similar transient increase in intracellular Ca(2+) changes. However, cellular stiffness increased gradually to about twofold until leveling off. The current study characterizes for the first time the biophysical properties underlying glucose-induced biphasic responses of insulin secretion, distinctive from the slow and single-phased stiffness response to capsaicin despite similar changes in intracellular Ca(2+) levels. The integrated AFM nanorobotics and optical investigation enables the fine dissection of mechano-property from ion channel activities in response to specific and non-specific agonist stimulation, providing novel biomechanical markers for the insulin secretion process. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR This study characterizes the biophysical properties underlying glucose-induced biphasic responses of insulin secretion. Integrated AFM nanorobotics and optical investigations provided novel biomechanical markers for the insulin secretion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiguo Yang
- College of Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Ning Xi
- College of Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - King Wai Chiu Lai
- College of Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Kevin Patterson
- College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Hongzhi Chen
- College of Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Bo Song
- College of Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Chengeng Qu
- College of Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Beihua Zhong
- College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
- Department of Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
- Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, China
| | - Donna H. Wang
- College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
- Department of Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
- Neuroscience Program, Cell and Molecular Biology Program in Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
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Ahmad HF, Simpson NE, Lawson AN, Sambanis A. Cryopreservation effects on intermediary metabolism in a pancreatic substitute: a (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance study. Tissue Eng Part A 2012; 18:2323-31. [PMID: 22697373 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2011.0702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryopreservation is important for clinical translation of tissue-engineered constructs. With respect to a pancreatic substitute, encapsulated islets or beta cells have been widely studied for the treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Besides cell viability loss, cryopreservation may affect the function of the remaining viable cells in a pancreatic substitute by altering fundamental processes in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, such as pathways associated with intermediary metabolism, potentially leading to insulin-secretion defects. In this study, we used (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and isotopomer analysis to determine the effects of conventional freezing and ice-free cryopreservation (vitrification) on carbon flow through tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-associated pathways in encapsulated murine insulinoma βTC-tet cells; the secretory function of the encapsulated cells postpreservation was also evaluated. Specifically, calcium alginate-encapsulated βTC-tet cells were frozen or vitrified with a cryoprotectant cocktail. Beads were warmed and (13)C labeling and extraction were performed. Insulin secretion rates were determined during basal and labeling periods and during small-scale glucose stimulation and K(+)-induced depolarization. Relative metabolic fluxes were determined from (13)C NMR spectra using a modified single pyruvate pool model with the tcaCALC modeling program. Treatments were compared with nonpreserved controls. Results showed that relative carbon flow through TCA-cycle-associated pathways was not affected by conventional freezing or vitrification. However, vitrification, but not freezing, led to impaired insulin secretion on a per viable cell basis. The reduced secretion from the Vitrified group occurred irrespective of scale and was present whether secretion was stimulated by glucose or K(+)-induced depolarization, indicating that it might be due to a defect in late-stage secretion events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajira F Ahmad
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology/Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
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Hoesli CA, Kiang RLJ, Mocinecová D, Speck M, Mošková DJ, Donald-Hague C, Lacík I, Kieffer TJ, Piret JM. Reversal of diabetes by βTC3 cells encapsulated in alginate beads generated by emulsion and internal gelation. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2012; 100:1017-28. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.32667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2011] [Revised: 11/24/2011] [Accepted: 12/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Lu HF, Targonsky ED, Wheeler MB, Cheng YL. Thermally induced gelable polymer networks for living cell encapsulation. Biotechnol Bioeng 2006; 96:146-55. [PMID: 16894633 DOI: 10.1002/bit.21121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We report the encapsulation of MIN6 cells, a pancreatic beta-cell line, using thermally induced gelable materials. This strategy uses aqueous solvent and mild temperatures during encapsulation, thereby minimizing adverse effects on cell function and viability. Using a 2:1 mixture of PNIPAAm-PEG-PNIPAAm tri-block copolymer and PNIPAAm homopolymer that exhibit reversible sol-to-gel transition at approximately 30 degrees C, gels were formed that exhibit mechanical integrity, and are stable in H(2)O, PBS and complete DMEM with negligible mass loss at 37 degrees C for 60 days. MTT assays showed undetectable cytotoxicity of the polymers towards MIN6 cells. A simple microencapsulation process was developed using vertical co-extrusion and a 37 degrees C capsule collection bath containing a paraffin layer above DMEM. Spherical capsules with diameters ranging from 500 to 900 microm were formed. SEM images of freeze-dried capsules with PBS as the core solution showed homogenous gel capsule membranes. Confocal microscopy revealed that the encapsulated cells tended to form small aggregates over 5 days, and staining for live and dead cells showed high viability post-encapsulation. A static glucose challenge with day-5 cultured microencapsulated cells exhibited glucose-dependent insulin secretion comparable to controls of free MIN6 cells grown in monolayers. These results demonstrate the potential use of these thermo-responsive polymers as cell encapsulation membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Fang Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Canada
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Hohmeier HE, Newgard CB. Cell lines derived from pancreatic islets. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2004; 228:121-8. [PMID: 15541576 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2004.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2003] [Accepted: 04/01/2004] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The islets of Langerhans play a major role in control of metabolic fuel homeostasis. The rapid increase in incidence of diabetes worldwide has spurred renewed interest in islet cell biology. However, gaining a detailed understanding of islet function at a molecular and biochemical level has been complicated by the difficulty and high cost associated with isolation of pancreatic islets. Until recently, islet-derived cell lines have represented sub-optimal surrogates for primary cells for functional studies due to their undifferentiated or unstable phenotypic features. New approaches have resulted in isolation and characterization of rodent insulinoma cell lines that retain many key functional attributes of normal islets and have become useful tools in the study of islet cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans E Hohmeier
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center Durham 3813, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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Zhou D, Kintsourashvili E, Mamujee S, Vacek I, Sun AM. Bioartificial pancreas: alternative supply of insulin-secreting cells. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1999; 875:208-18. [PMID: 10415569 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08505.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, insulin secretion function of INS-1 cells immunoisolated in microcapsules was evaluated. Following encapsulation, the immunoisolated INS-1 cells continued to propagate and flourish within the microcapsules during the entire two-month in vitro incubation period. The insulin secretion from encapsulated INS-1 cells following seven days of in vitro culture increased from 1.6 +/- 0.2 ng/2h/10(6) cells in a glucose-free medium to 11.5 +/- 2.1 ng/2h/10(6) cells at 16.7 mM glucose. In vivo, transplants of 1.2 x 10(7) cells into each of six diabetic C57BL/6 mice resulted in the restoration of normoglycemia in all graft recipients for up to 60 days post transplantation. Most capsules recovered from two animals 30 days post transplantation were free of cell overgrowth and physically intact. Immunostaining for insulin of the cells within the recovered capsules clearly indicated the presence of insulin. The presented data demonstrate the potential use of an immunoisolated beta-cell line for the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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