1
|
MiR-182-5p Modulates Prostate Cancer Aggressive Phenotypes by Targeting EMT Associated Pathways. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020187. [PMID: 35204688 PMCID: PMC8961520 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a clinically heterogeneous disease, where deregulation of epigenetic events, such as miRNA expression alterations, are determinants for its development and progression. MiR-182-5p, a member of the miR-183 family, when overexpressed has been associated with PCa tumor progression and decreased patients’ survival rates. In this study, we determined the regulatory role of miR-182-5p in modulating aggressive tumor phenotypes in androgen-refractory PCa cell lines (PC3 and DU-145). The transient transfection of the cell lines with miR-182-5p inhibitor and mimic systems, significantly affected cell proliferation, adhesion, migration, and the viability of the cells to the chemotherapeutic agents, docetaxel, and abiraterone. It also affected the protein expression levels of the tumor progression marker pAKT. These changes, however, were differentially observed in the cell lines studied. A comprehensive biological and functional enrichment analysis and miRNA/mRNA interaction revealed its strong involvement in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process; expression analysis of EMT markers in the PCa transfected cells directly or indirectly modulated the analyzed tumor phenotypes. In conclusion, miR-182-5p differentially impacts tumorigenesis in androgen-refractory PCa cells, in a compatible oncomiR mode of action by targeting EMT-associated pathways.
Collapse
|
2
|
Mangelis A, Jühlen R, Dieterich P, Peitzsch M, Lenders JWM, Hahner S, Schirbel A, Eisenhofer G. A steady state system for in vitro evaluation of steroidogenic pathway dynamics: Application for CYP11B1, CYP11B2 and CYP17 inhibitors. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 188:38-47. [PMID: 30529282 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Disorders featuring dysregulated adrenal steroidogenesis, such as primary aldosteronism, can benefit from targeted therapies. The aldosterone and cortisol producing enzymes, aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) and 11-beta-hydroxylase (CYP11B1), share 93% homology requiring selective drugs for pharmacological treatment. Herein, we introduce an effective in vitro assay for evaluation of steroidogenic enzyme kinetics based on intracellular flux calculations. H295RA cells were cultured in chambers under constant medium flow. Four hourly samples were collected (control samples), followed by collections over an additional four hours after treatment with fadrozole (10 nM), metyrapone (10 μM), SI_191 (5 nM), a novel CYP11B2 inhibitor or SI_254 (100 nM), a newly synthesized 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase inhibitor. Mass spectrometric measurements of multiple steroids combined with linear system computational modeling facilitated calculation of intracellular fluxes and changes in rate constants at different steroidogenic pathway steps, enabling selectivity of drugs for those steps to be evaluated. While treatment with fadrozole, metyrapone and SI_191 all reduced fluxes of aldosterone, corticosterone and cortisol production, treatment with SI_254 led to increased flux through the mineralocorticoid pathway and reduced production of steroids downstream of 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase. Drug-induced decreases in rate constants revealed higher selectivity of SI_191 compared to other drugs for CYP11B2 over CYP11B1, this reflecting additional inhibitory actions of SI_191 on catalytic steps of CYP11B2 downstream from the initial 11-beta-hydroxlase step. By culturing cells under perfusion the described system provides a realistic model for simple and rapid calculations of intracellular fluxes and changes in rate constants, thereby offering a robust procedure for investigating drug or other effects at specific steps of steroidogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios Mangelis
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ramona Jühlen
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Peter Dieterich
- Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mirko Peitzsch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jacques W M Lenders
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Department of General Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 8, 6525, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Stefanie Hahner
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Schirbel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Germany
| | - Graeme Eisenhofer
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Garito T, Zakaria M, Papanicolaou DA, Li Y, Pinot P, Petricoul O, Laurent D, Rooks D, Rondon JC, Roubenoff R. Effects of bimagrumab, an activin receptor type II inhibitor, on pituitary neurohormonal axes. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2018; 88:908-919. [PMID: 29566437 DOI: 10.1111/cen.13601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bimagrumab is a human monoclonal antibody inhibitor of activin type II receptors (ActRII), with anabolic action on skeletal muscle mass by blocking binding of myostatin and other negative regulators of muscle growth. Bimagrumab is under evaluation for muscle wasting and associated functional loss in hip fracture and sarcopenia, and in obesity. Bimagrumab also blocks other endogenous ActRII ligands, such as activins, which act on the neurohormonal axes, pituitary, gonads and adrenal glands. AIM To evaluate the effect of bimagrumab on the pituitary-gonadal and pituitary-adrenal axes in humans. METHODS Healthy men and women, aged 55 to 75 years, received bimagrumab intravenously 10 mg/kg or placebo on Day 1 and Day 29. Pituitary-gonadal and pituitary-adrenal functions were evaluated with basal hormone measurement and standard gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation tests at baseline, Week 8 and at the end of study (EOS)-Week 20. RESULTS At Week 8, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were reduced by 42.16 IU/L (P < .001) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were increased by 2.5 IU/L (P = .08) over placebo in response to bimagrumab in women but not in men. Effects that were reversible after bimagrumab was cleared. Gonadal and adrenal androgen levels were not affected by exposure to bimagrumab. CONCLUSION Bimagrumab alters the function of pituitary gonadotroph cells, consistent with blockade of activin on local ActRII. This effect is reversible with clearance of bimagrumab. Bimagrumab did not impact gonadal and adrenal androgen secretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tania Garito
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, Milan, Italy
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Yifang Li
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, USA
| | - Pascale Pinot
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Didier Laurent
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Rooks
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Winters SJ, Moore JP, Clark BJ. Leydig cell insufficiency in hypospermatogenesis: a paracrine effect of activin-inhibin signaling? Andrology 2018; 6:262-271. [PMID: 29409132 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Clinical findings and a variety of experimental models indicate that Leydig cell dysfunction accompanies damage to the seminiferous tubules with increasing severity. Most studies support the idea that intratesticular signaling from the seminiferous tubules to Leydig cells regulates steroidogenesis, which is disrupted when hypospermatogenesis occurs. Sertoli cells seem to play a pivotal role in this process. In this review, we summarize relevant clinical and experimental observations and present evidence to support the hypothesis that testicular activin signaling and its regulation by testicular inhibin may link seminiferous tubular dysfunction to reduced testosterone biosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S J Winters
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - J P Moore
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - B J Clark
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gallo-Payet N. 60 YEARS OF POMC: Adrenal and extra-adrenal functions of ACTH. J Mol Endocrinol 2016; 56:T135-56. [PMID: 26793988 DOI: 10.1530/jme-15-0257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) plays a pivotal role in homeostasis and stress response and is thus the major component of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis. After a brief summary of ACTH production from proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and on ACTH receptor properties, the first part of the review covers the role of ACTH in steroidogenesis and steroid secretion. We highlight the mechanisms explaining the differential acute vs chronic effects of ACTH on aldosterone and glucocorticoid secretion. The second part summarizes the effects of ACTH on adrenal growth, addressing its role as either a mitogenic or a differentiating factor. We then review the mechanisms involved in steroid secretion, from the classical Cyclic adenosine monophosphate second messenger system to various signaling cascades. We also consider how the interaction between the extracellular matrix and the cytoskeleton may trigger activation of signaling platforms potentially stimulating or repressing the steroidogenic potency of ACTH. Finally, we consider the extra-adrenal actions of ACTH, in particular its role in differentiation in a variety of cell types, in addition to its known lipolytic effects on adipocytes. In each section, we endeavor to correlate basic mechanisms of ACTH function with the pathological consequences of ACTH signaling deficiency and of overproduction of ACTH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Gallo-Payet
- Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada Division of EndocrinologyDepartment of Medicine, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sanders K, Mol JA, Kooistra HS, Slob A, Galac S. New Insights in the Functional Zonation of the Canine Adrenal Cortex. J Vet Intern Med 2016; 30:741-50. [PMID: 27108660 PMCID: PMC4913559 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.13946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current understanding of adrenal steroidogenesis is that the production of aldosterone or cortisol depends on the expression of aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) and 11β-hydroxylase cytochrome P450 (CYP11B1), respectively. However, this has never been studied in dogs, and in some species, a single CYP11B catalyzes both cortisol and aldosterone formation. Analysis of the canine genome provides data of a single CYP11B gene which is called CYP11B2, and a large sequence gap exists near the so-called CYP11B2 gene. OBJECTIVES To investigate the zonal expression of steroidogenic enzymes in the canine adrenal cortex and to determine whether dogs have 1 or multiple CYP11B genes. ANIMALS Normal adrenal glands from 10 healthy dogs. METHODS Zona fasciculata (zF) and zona glomerulosa (zG) tissue was isolated by laser microdissection. The mRNA expression of steroidogenic enzymes and their major regulators was studied with RT-qPCR. Southern blot was performed to determine whether the sequence gap contains a CYP11B gene copy. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed for 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase (CYP17). RESULTS Equal expression (P = .62) of the so-called CYP11B2 gene was found in the zG and zF. Southern blot revealed a single gene. CYP17 expression (P = .05) was significantly higher in the zF compared with the zG, which was confirmed with IHC. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE We conclude that there is only 1 CYP11B gene in canine adrenals. The zone-specific production of aldosterone and cortisol is probably due to zone-specific CYP17 expression, which makes it an attractive target for selective inhibition of cortisol synthesis without affecting mineralocorticoid production in the zG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Sanders
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J A Mol
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - H S Kooistra
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A Slob
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - S Galac
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rege J, Nishimoto HK, Nishimoto K, Rodgers RJ, Auchus RJ, Rainey WE. Bone Morphogenetic Protein-4 (BMP4): A Paracrine Regulator of Human Adrenal C19 Steroid Synthesis. Endocrinology 2015; 156:2530-40. [PMID: 25868050 PMCID: PMC4475723 DOI: 10.1210/en.2014-1942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) comprise one of the largest subgroups in the TGF-β ligand superfamily. We have identified a functional BMP system equipped with the ligand (BMP4), receptors (BMP type II receptor, BMP type IA receptor, also called ALK3) and the signaling proteins, namely the mothers against decapentaplegic homologs 1, 4, and 5 in the human adrenal gland and the human adrenocortical cell line H295R. Microarray, quantitative RT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry confirmed that BMP4 expression was highest in the adrenal zona glomerulosa followed by the zona fasciculata and zona reticularis. Treatment of H295R cells with BMP4 caused phosphorylation of the mothers against decapentaplegic and a profound decrease in synthesis of the C19 steroids dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), DHEA sulfate, and androstenedione. Administration of BMP4 to cultures of H295R cells also caused a profound decrease in the mRNA and protein levels of 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase (CYP17A1 and P450c17, respectively) but no significant effect on the mRNA levels of cholesterol side-chain cleavage cytochrome P450 (CYP11A1) or type 2 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD3B2). Furthermore, Noggin (a BMP inhibitor) was able to reverse the negative effects of BMP4 with respect to both CYP17A1 transcription and DHEA secretion in the H295R cell line. Collectively the present data suggest that BMP4 is an autocrine/paracrine negative regulator of C19 steroid synthesis in the human adrenal and works by suppressing P450c17.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juilee Rege
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology (J.R., H.K.N., K.N., W.E.R.), and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan (R.J.A.), Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-5622; and School of Pediatrics and Reproductive Health (R.J.R.), Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Hiromi Koso Nishimoto
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology (J.R., H.K.N., K.N., W.E.R.), and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan (R.J.A.), Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-5622; and School of Pediatrics and Reproductive Health (R.J.R.), Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Koshiro Nishimoto
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology (J.R., H.K.N., K.N., W.E.R.), and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan (R.J.A.), Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-5622; and School of Pediatrics and Reproductive Health (R.J.R.), Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Raymond J Rodgers
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology (J.R., H.K.N., K.N., W.E.R.), and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan (R.J.A.), Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-5622; and School of Pediatrics and Reproductive Health (R.J.R.), Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Richard J Auchus
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology (J.R., H.K.N., K.N., W.E.R.), and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan (R.J.A.), Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-5622; and School of Pediatrics and Reproductive Health (R.J.R.), Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - William E Rainey
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology (J.R., H.K.N., K.N., W.E.R.), and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan (R.J.A.), Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-5622; and School of Pediatrics and Reproductive Health (R.J.R.), Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hofland J, Steenbergen J, Voorsluijs JM, Verbiest MMPJ, de Krijger RR, Hofland LJ, de Herder WW, Uitterlinden AG, Feelders RA, de Jong FH. Inhibin alpha-subunit (INHA) expression in adrenocortical cancer is linked to genetic and epigenetic INHA promoter variation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104944. [PMID: 25111790 PMCID: PMC4128726 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare, but highly malignant tumor of unknown origin. Inhibin α-subunit (Inha) knockout mice develop ACCs following gonadectomy. In man, INHA expression varies widely within ACC tissues and its circulating peptide inhibin pro-αC has been described as a novel tumor marker for ACC. We investigated whether genetic and epigenetic changes of the INHA gene in human ACC cause loss or variation of INHA expression. To this end, analyses of INHA sequence, promoter methylation and mRNA expression were performed in human adrenocortical tissues. Serum inhibin pro-αC levels were also measured in ACC patients. INHA genetic analysis in 37 unique ACCs revealed 10 novel, heterozygous rare variants. Of the 3 coding bases affected, one variant was synonymous and two were missense variants: S72F and S184F. The minor allele of rs11893842 at -124 bp was observed at a low frequency (24%) in ACC samples and was associated with decreased INHA mRNA levels: 4.7±1.9 arbitrary units for AA, compared to 26±11 for AG/GG genotypes (P = 0.034). The methylation of four proximal INHA promoter CpGs was aberrantly increased in five ACCs (47.7±3.9%), compared to normal adrenals (18.4±0.6%, P = 0.0052), whereas the other 14 ACCs studied showed diminished promoter methylation (9.8±1.1%, P = 0.020). CpG methylation was inversely correlated to INHA mRNA levels in ACCs (r = -0.701, p = 0.0036), but not associated with serum inhibin pro-αC levels. In conclusion, aberrant methylation and common genetic variation in the INHA promoter occur in human ACCs and are associated with decreased INHA expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Hofland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | - Leo J. Hofland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Frank H. de Jong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Olala LO, Shapiro BA, Merchen TC, Wynn JJ, Bollag WB. Protein kinase C and Src family kinases mediate angiotensin II-induced protein kinase D activation and acute aldosterone production. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2014; 392:173-81. [PMID: 24859649 PMCID: PMC4120960 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2014.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Revised: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence has shown a role for the serine/threonine protein kinase D (PKD) in the regulation of acute aldosterone secretion upon angiotensin II (AngII) stimulation. However, the mechanism by which AngII activates PKD remains unclear. In this study, using both pharmacological and molecular approaches, we demonstrate that AngII-induced PKD activation is mediated by protein kinase C (PKC) and Src family kinases in primary bovine adrenal glomerulosa cells and leads to increased aldosterone production. The pan PKC inhibitor Ro 31-8220 and the Src family kinase inhibitors PP2 and Src-1 inhibited both PKD activation and acute aldosterone production. Additionally, like the dominant-negative serine-738/742-to-alanine PKD mutant that cannot be phosphorylated by PKC, the dominant-negative tyrosine-463-to-phenylalanine PKD mutant, which is not phosphorylatable by the Src/Abl pathway, inhibited acute AngII-induced aldosterone production. Taken together, our results demonstrate that AngII activates PKD via a mechanism involving Src family kinases and PKC, to underlie increased aldosterone production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence O Olala
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, United States; Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - Brian A Shapiro
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia at Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - Todd C Merchen
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia at Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - James J Wynn
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia at Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - Wendy B Bollag
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, United States; Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States; Departments of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Medicine and Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical College of Georgia at Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States.
| |
Collapse
|