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Sun HJ, Lu QB, Zhu XX, Ni ZR, Su JB, Fu X, Chen G, Zheng GL, Nie XW, Bian JS. Pharmacology of Hydrogen Sulfide and Its Donors in Cardiometabolic Diseases. Pharmacol Rev 2024; 76:846-895. [PMID: 38866561 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.123.000928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) are major contributors to global mortality, emphasizing the critical need for novel therapeutic interventions. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has garnered enormous attention as a significant gasotransmitter with various physiological, pathophysiological, and pharmacological impacts within mammalian cardiometabolic systems. In addition to its roles in attenuating oxidative stress and inflammatory response, burgeoning research emphasizes the significance of H2S in regulating proteins via persulfidation, a well known modification intricately associated with the pathogenesis of CMDs. This review seeks to investigate recent updates on the physiological actions of endogenous H2S and the pharmacological roles of various H2S donors in addressing diverse aspects of CMDs across cellular, animal, and clinical studies. Of note, advanced methodologies, including multiomics, intestinal microflora analysis, organoid, and single-cell sequencing techniques, are gaining traction due to their ability to offer comprehensive insights into biomedical research. These emerging approaches hold promise in characterizing the pharmacological roles of H2S in health and diseases. We will critically assess the current literature to clarify the roles of H2S in diseases while also delineating the opportunities and challenges they present in H2S-based pharmacotherapy for CMDs. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This comprehensive review covers recent developments in H2S biology and pharmacology in cardiometabolic diseases CMDs. Endogenous H2S and its donors show great promise for the management of CMDs by regulating numerous proteins and signaling pathways. The emergence of new technologies will considerably advance the pharmacological research and clinical translation of H2S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Jian Sun
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Qing-Bo Lu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Xue-Xue Zhu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Zhang-Rong Ni
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Jia-Bao Su
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Xiao Fu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Guo Chen
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Guan-Li Zheng
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Xiao-Wei Nie
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Jin-Song Bian
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
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Chu J, Wang K, Lu L, Zhao H, Hu J, Xiao W, Wu Q. Advances of Iron and Ferroptosis in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Kidney Int Rep 2024; 9:1972-1985. [PMID: 39081773 PMCID: PMC11284386 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2024.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus presents a significant threat to human health because it disrupts energy metabolism and gives rise to various complications, including diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Metabolic adaptations occurring in the kidney in response to diabetes contribute to the pathogenesis of DKD. Iron metabolism and ferroptosis, a recently defined form of cell death resulting from iron-dependent excessive accumulation of lipid peroxides, have emerged as crucial players in the progression of DKD. In this comprehensive review, we highlight the profound impact of adaptive and maladaptive responses regulating iron metabolism on the progression of kidney damage in diabetes. We summarize the current understanding of iron homeostasis and ferroptosis in DKD. Finally, we propose that precise manipulation of iron metabolism and ferroptosis may serve as potential strategies for kidney management in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Chu
- Department of Radiology, Center of Regenerative and Aging Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kewu Wang
- Department of Radiology, Center of Regenerative and Aging Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lulu Lu
- Department of Nutrition and Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Center of Regenerative and Aging Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jibo Hu
- Department of Radiology, Center of Regenerative and Aging Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenbo Xiao
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Radiology, Center of Regenerative and Aging Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
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Shi X, Li H, Guo F, Li D, Xu F. Novel ray of hope for diabetic wound healing: Hydrogen sulfide and its releasing agents. J Adv Res 2024; 58:105-115. [PMID: 37245638 PMCID: PMC10982866 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a long-term metabolic disease accompanied by difficulties in wound healing placing a severe financial and physical burden on patients. As one of the important signal transduction molecules, both endogenous and exogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) was found to promote diabetic wound healing in recent studies. H2S at physiological concentrations can not only promote cell migration and adhesion functions, but also resist inflammation, oxidative stress and inappropriate remodeling of the extracellular matrix. AIM OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to summarize current research on the function of H2S in diabetic wound healing at all stages, and propose future directions. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW In this review, first, the various factors affecting wound healing under diabetic pathological conditions and the in vivo H2S generation pathway are briefly introduced. Second, how H2S may improve diabetic wound healing is categorized and described. Finally, we discuss the relevant H2S donors and new dosage forms, analyze and reveal the characteristics of many typical H2S donors, which may provide new ideas for the development of H2S-released agents to improve diabetic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Shi
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Haonan Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Fengrui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Dahong Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
| | - Fanxing Xu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
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Iciek M, Bilska-Wilkosz A, Kozdrowicki M, Górny M. Reactive Sulfur Species in Human Diseases. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 39:1000-1023. [PMID: 37440317 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Reactive sulfur species (RSS) have been recently recognized as redox molecules no less important than reactive oxygen species or reactive nitrogen species. They possess regulatory and protective properties and are involved in various metabolic processes, thereby contributing to the maintenance of human health. It has been documented that many disorders, including neurological, cardiovascular, and respiratory diseases, diabetes mellitus (DM), and cancer, are related to the disruption of RSS homeostasis. Recent Advances: There is still a growing interest in the role of RSS in human diseases. Since a decrease in hydrogen sulfide or other RSS has been reported in many disorders, safe and efficient RSS donors have been developed and tested under in vitro conditions or on animal models. Critical Issues: Cardiovascular diseases and DM are currently the most common chronic diseases worldwide due to stressful and unhealthy lifestyles. In addition, because of high prevalence and aging of the population, neurological disorders including Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease as well as respiratory diseases are a formidable challenge for health care systems. From this point of view, the knowledge of the role of RSS in these disorders and RSS modulation options are important and could be useful in therapeutic strategies. Future Directions: Improvement and standardization of analytical methods used for RSS estimation are crucial for the use of RSS as diagnostic biomarkers. Finding good, safe RSS donors applicable for therapeutic purposes could be useful as primary or adjunctive therapy in many common diseases. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 39, 1000-1023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Iciek
- Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Bilska-Wilkosz
- Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Michał Kozdrowicki
- Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Górny
- Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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Juin SK, Ouseph R, Gondim DD, Jala VR, Sen U. Diabetic Nephropathy and Gaseous Modulators. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051088. [PMID: 37237955 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) remains the leading cause of vascular morbidity and mortality in diabetes patients. Despite the progress in understanding the diabetic disease process and advanced management of nephropathy, a number of patients still progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The underlying mechanism still needs to be clarified. Gaseous signaling molecules, so-called gasotransmitters, such as nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S), have been shown to play an essential role in the development, progression, and ramification of DN depending on their availability and physiological actions. Although the studies on gasotransmitter regulations of DN are still emerging, the evidence revealed an aberrant level of gasotransmitters in patients with diabetes. In studies, different gasotransmitter donors have been implicated in ameliorating diabetic renal dysfunction. In this perspective, we summarized an overview of the recent advances in the physiological relevance of the gaseous molecules and their multifaceted interaction with other potential factors, such as extracellular matrix (ECM), in the severity modulation of DN. Moreover, the perspective of the present review highlights the possible therapeutic interventions of gasotransmitters in ameliorating this dreaded disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subir Kumar Juin
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Brown Cancer Center, Center for Microbiomics, Inflammation and Pathogenicity, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Rosemary Ouseph
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Dibson Dibe Gondim
- Department of Pathology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Venkatakrishna Rao Jala
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Brown Cancer Center, Center for Microbiomics, Inflammation and Pathogenicity, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Utpal Sen
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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Staruschenko A, Ma R, Palygin O, Dryer SE. Ion channels and channelopathies in glomeruli. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:787-854. [PMID: 36007181 PMCID: PMC9662803 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00013.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
An essential step in renal function entails the formation of an ultrafiltrate that is delivered to the renal tubules for subsequent processing. This process, known as glomerular filtration, is controlled by intrinsic regulatory systems and by paracrine, neuronal, and endocrine signals that converge onto glomerular cells. In addition, the characteristics of glomerular fluid flow, such as the glomerular filtration rate and the glomerular filtration fraction, play an important role in determining blood flow to the rest of the kidney. Consequently, disease processes that initially affect glomeruli are the most likely to lead to end-stage kidney failure. The cells that comprise the glomerular filter, especially podocytes and mesangial cells, express many different types of ion channels that regulate intrinsic aspects of cell function and cellular responses to the local environment, such as changes in glomerular capillary pressure. Dysregulation of glomerular ion channels, such as changes in TRPC6, can lead to devastating glomerular diseases, and a number of channels, including TRPC6, TRPC5, and various ionotropic receptors, are promising targets for drug development. This review discusses glomerular structure and glomerular disease processes. It also describes the types of plasma membrane ion channels that have been identified in glomerular cells, the physiological and pathophysiological contexts in which they operate, and the pathways by which they are regulated and dysregulated. The contributions of these channels to glomerular disease processes, such as focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and diabetic nephropathy, as well as the development of drugs that target these channels are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Staruschenko
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
- Hypertension and Kidney Research Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
- James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, Florida
| | - Rong Ma
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Oleg Palygin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Stuart E Dryer
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
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Glucosidase inhibitor, Nimbidiol ameliorates renal fibrosis and dysfunction in type-1 diabetes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21707. [PMID: 36522378 PMCID: PMC9755213 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25848-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is characterized by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) leading to renal fibrosis, progressive deterioration of renal function, and eventually to end stage renal disease. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are known to regulate synthesis and degradation of the ECM. Earlier, we demonstrated that imbalanced MMPs promote adverse ECM remodeling leading to renal fibrosis in type-1 diabetes. Moreover, elevated macrophage infiltration, pro-inflammatory cytokines and epithelial‒mesenchymal transition (EMT) are known to contribute to the renal fibrosis. Various bioactive compounds derived from the medicinal plant, Azadirachta indica (neem) are shown to regulate inflammation and ECM proteins in different diseases. Nimbidiol is a neem-derived diterpenoid that is considered as a potential anti-diabetic compound due to its glucosidase inhibitory properties. We investigated whether Nimbidiol mitigates adverse ECM accumulation and renal fibrosis to improve kidney function in type-1 diabetes and the underlying mechanism. Wild-type (C57BL/6J) and type-1 diabetic (C57BL/6-Ins2Akita/J) mice were treated either with saline or with Nimbidiol (0.40 mg kg-1 d-1) for eight weeks. Diabetic kidney showed increased accumulation of M1 macrophages, elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines and EMT. In addition, upregulated MMP-9 and MMP-13, excessive collagen deposition in the glomerular and tubulointerstitial regions, and degradation of vascular elastin resulted to renal fibrosis in the Akita mice. These pathological changes in the diabetic mice were associated with functional impairments that include elevated resistive index and reduced blood flow in the renal cortex, and decreased glomerular filtration rate. Furthermore, TGF-β1, p-Smad2/3, p-P38, p-ERK1/2 and p-JNK were upregulated in diabetic kidney compared to WT mice. Treatment with Nimbidiol reversed the changes to alleviate inflammation, ECM accumulation and fibrosis and thus, improved renal function in Akita mice. Together, our results suggest that Nimbidiol attenuates inflammation and ECM accumulation and thereby, protects kidney from fibrosis and dysfunction possibly by inhibiting TGF-β/Smad and MAPK signaling pathways in type-1 diabetes.
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Feng J, Lu X, Li H, Wang S. The roles of hydrogen sulfide in renal physiology and disease states. Ren Fail 2022; 44:1289-1308. [PMID: 35930288 PMCID: PMC9359156 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2022.2107936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), an endogenous gaseous signaling transmitter, has gained recognition for its physiological effects. In this review, we aim to summarize and discuss existing studies about the roles of H2S in renal functions and renal disease as well as the underlying mechanisms. H2S is mainly produced by four pathways, and the kidneys are major H2S–producing organs. Previous studies have shown that H2S can impact multiple signaling pathways via sulfhydration. In renal physiology, H2S promotes kidney excretion, regulates renin release and increases ATP production as a sensor for oxygen. H2S is also involved in the development of kidney disease. H2S has been implicated in renal ischemia/reperfusion and cisplatin–and sepsis–induced kidney disease. In chronic kidney diseases, especially diabetic nephropathy, hypertensive nephropathy and obstructive kidney disease, H2S attenuates disease progression by regulating oxidative stress, inflammation and the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. Despite accumulating evidence from experimental studies suggesting the potential roles of H2S donors in the treatment of kidney disease, these results need further clinical translation. Therefore, expanding the understanding of H2S can not only promote our further understanding of renal physiology but also lay a foundation for transforming H2S into a target for specific kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Feng
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangxue Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Han Li
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shixiang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Meter D, Racetin A, Vukojević K, Balog M, Ivić V, Zjalić M, Heffer M, Filipović N. A Lack of GD3 Synthase Leads to Impaired Renal Expression of Connexins and Pannexin1 in St8sia1 Knockout Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116237. [PMID: 35682927 PMCID: PMC9181035 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of altered ganglioside composition on the expression of Cx37, Cx40, Cx43, Cx45, and Panx1 in different kidney regions of St8sia1 gene knockout mice (St8sia1 KO) lacking the GD3 synthase enzyme. Experiments were performed in twelve male 6-month-old mice: four wild-type (C57BL/6-type, WT) and eight St8sia1 KO mice. After euthanasia, kidney tissue was harvested, embedded in paraffin wax, and processed for immunohistochemistry. The expression of connexins and Panx1 was determined in different regions of the kidney: cortex (CTX.), outer stripe of outer medulla (O.S.), inner stripe of outer medulla (IN.S.), and inner medulla (IN.MED.). We determined significantly lower expression of Cx37, Cx40, Cx45, and Panx1 in different parts of the kidneys of St8sia1 KO mice compared with WT. The most consistent decrease was found in the O.S. where all markers (Cx 37, 40, 45 and Panx1) were disrupted in St8si1 KO mice. In the CTX. region, we observed decrease in the expression of Cx37, Cx45, and Panx1, while reduced expression of Cx37 and Panx1 was more specific to IN.S. The results of the present study suggest that deficiency of GD3 synthase in St8sia1 KO mice leads to disruption of renal Cx expression, which is probably related to alteration of ganglioside composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Meter
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital of Split, Spinčićeva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Anita Racetin
- Laboratory for Early Human Development, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia; (A.R.); (K.V.)
| | - Katarina Vukojević
- Laboratory for Early Human Development, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia; (A.R.); (K.V.)
- Laboratory for Neurocardiology, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Marta Balog
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Huttlerova 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (M.B.); (V.I.); (M.H.)
| | - Vedrana Ivić
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Huttlerova 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (M.B.); (V.I.); (M.H.)
| | - Milorad Zjalić
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine Rijeka, University of Rijeka, Branchetta brothers 20, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | - Marija Heffer
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Huttlerova 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (M.B.); (V.I.); (M.H.)
| | - Natalija Filipović
- Laboratory for Early Human Development, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia; (A.R.); (K.V.)
- Correspondence:
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Cirino G, Szabo C, Papapetropoulos A. Physiological roles of hydrogen sulfide in mammalian cells, tissues and organs. Physiol Rev 2022; 103:31-276. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00028.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
H2S belongs to the class of molecules known as gasotransmitters, which also includes nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). Three enzymes are recognized as endogenous sources of H2S in various cells and tissues: cystathionine g-lyase (CSE), cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST). The current article reviews the regulation of these enzymes as well as the pathways of their enzymatic and non-enzymatic degradation and elimination. The multiple interactions of H2S with other labile endogenous molecules (e.g. NO) and reactive oxygen species are also outlined. The various biological targets and signaling pathways are discussed, with special reference to H2S and oxidative posttranscriptional modification of proteins, the effect of H2S on channels and intracellular second messenger pathways, the regulation of gene transcription and translation and the regulation of cellular bioenergetics and metabolism. The pharmacological and molecular tools currently available to study H2S physiology are also reviewed, including their utility and limitations. In subsequent sections, the role of H2S in the regulation of various physiological and cellular functions is reviewed. The physiological role of H2S in various cell types and organ systems are overviewed. Finally, the role of H2S in the regulation of various organ functions is discussed as well as the characteristic bell-shaped biphasic effects of H2S. In addition, key pathophysiological aspects, debated areas, and future research and translational areas are identified A wide array of significant roles of H2S in the physiological regulation of all organ functions emerges from this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Cirino
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Papapetropoulos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece & Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Greece
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11
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Peleli M, Zampas P, Papapetropoulos A. Hydrogen Sulfide and the Kidney: Physiological Roles, Contribution to Pathophysiology, and Therapeutic Potential. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:220-243. [PMID: 34978847 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), the third member of the gasotransmitter family, has a broad spectrum of biological activities, including antioxidant and cytoprotective actions, as well as vasodilatory, anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects. New, significant aspects of H2S biology in the kidney continue to emerge, underscoring the importance of this signaling molecule in kidney homeostasis, function, and disease. Recent Advances: H2S signals via three main mechanisms, by maintaining redox balance through its antioxidant actions, by post-translational modifications of cellular proteins (S-sulfhydration), and by binding to protein metal centers. Important renal functions such as glomerular filtration, renin release, or sodium reabsorption have been shown to be regulated by H2S, using either exogenous donors or by the endogenous-producing systems. Critical Issues: Lower H2S levels are observed in many renal pathologies, including renal ischemia-reperfusion injury and obstructive, diabetic, or hypertensive nephropathy. Unraveling the molecular targets through which H2S exerts its beneficial effects would be of great importance not only for understanding basic renal physiology, but also for identifying new pharmacological interventions for renal disease. Future Directions: Additional studies are needed to better understand the role of H2S in the kidney. Mapping the expression pattern of H2S-producing and -degrading enzymes in renal cells and generation of cell-specific knockout mice based on this information will be invaluable in the effort to unravel additional roles for H2S in kidney (patho)physiology. With this knowledge, novel targeted more effective therapeutic strategies for renal disease can be designed. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 220-243.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Peleli
- Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevas Zampas
- Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Papapetropoulos
- Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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12
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Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases in kidney disease. Adv Clin Chem 2021; 105:141-212. [PMID: 34809827 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a group of zinc and calcium endopeptidases which cleave extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. They are also involved in the degradation of cell surface components and regulate multiple cellular processes, cell to cell interactions, cell proliferation, and cell signaling pathways. MMPs function in close interaction with the endogenous tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs), both of which regulate cell turnover, modulate various growth factors, and participate in the progression of tissue fibrosis and apoptosis. The multiple roles of MMPs and TIMPs are continuously elucidated in kidney development and repair, as well as in a number of kidney diseases. This chapter focuses on the current findings of the significance of MMPs and TIMPs in a wide range of kidney diseases, whether they result from kidney tissue changes, hemodynamic alterations, tubular epithelial cell apoptosis, inflammation, or fibrosis. In addition, the potential use of these endopeptidases as biomarkers of renal dysfunction and as targets for therapeutic interventions to attenuate kidney disease are also explored in this review.
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13
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Juin SK, Pushpakumar S, Sen U. GYY4137 Regulates Extracellular Matrix Turnover in the Diabetic Kidney by Modulating Retinoid X Receptor Signaling. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101477. [PMID: 34680110 PMCID: PMC8533431 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney is associated with an accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) leading to renal fibrosis. Dysregulation of retinoic acid metabolism involving retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and retinoid X receptors (RXRs) has been shown to play a crucial role in diabetic nephropathy (DN). Furthermore, RARs and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) are known to control the RXR-mediated transcriptional regulation of several target genes involved in DN. Recently, RAR and RXR have been shown to upregulate plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), a major player involved in ECM accumulation and renal fibrosis during DN. Interestingly, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been shown to ameliorate adverse renal remodeling in DN. We investigated the role of RXR signaling in the ECM turnover in diabetic kidney, and whether H2S can mitigate ECM accumulation by modulating PPAR/RAR-mediated RXR signaling. We used wild-type (C57BL/6J), diabetic (C57BL/6-Ins2Akita/J) mice and mouse mesangial cells (MCs) as experimental models. GYY4137 was used as a H2S donor. Results showed that in diabetic kidney, the expression of PPARγ was decreased, whereas upregulations of RXRα, RXRβ, and RARγ1 expression were observed. The changes were associated with elevated PAI-1, MMP-9 and MMP-13. In addition, the expressions of collagen IV, fibronectin and laminin were increased, whereas elastin expression was decreased in the diabetic kidney. Excessive collagen deposition was observed predominantly in the peri-glomerular and glomerular regions of the diabetic kidney. Immunohistochemical localization revealed elevated expression of fibronectin and laminin in the glomeruli of the diabetic kidney. GYY4137 reversed the pathological changes. Similar results were observed in in vitro experiments. In conclusion, our data suggest that RXR signaling plays a significant role in ECM turnover, and GYY4137 modulates PPAR/RAR-mediated RXR signaling to ameliorate PAI-1-dependent adverse ECM turnover in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Utpal Sen
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-502-852-2030; Fax: +1-502-852-6239
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14
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Allen CL, Wolanska K, Malhi NK, Benest AV, Wood ME, Amoaku W, Torregrossa R, Whiteman M, Bates DO, Whatmore JL. Hydrogen Sulfide Is a Novel Protector of the Retinal Glycocalyx and Endothelial Permeability Barrier. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:724905. [PMID: 34557493 PMCID: PMC8452977 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.724905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Significantly reduced levels of the anti-inflammatory gaseous transmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are observed in diabetic patients and correlate with microvascular dysfunction. H2S may protect the microvasculature by preventing loss of the endothelial glycocalyx. We tested the hypothesis that H2S could prevent or treat retinal microvascular endothelial dysfunction in diabetes. Bovine retinal endothelial cells (BRECs) were exposed to normal (NG, 5.5 mmol/L) or high glucose (HG, 25 mmol/L) ± the slow-release H2S donor NaGYY4137 in vitro. Glycocalyx coverage (stained with WGA-FITC) and calcein-labeled monocyte adherence were measured. In vivo, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) was performed in normal and streptozotocin-induced (STZ) diabetic rats. Animals received intraocular injection of NaGYY4137 (1 μM) or the mitochondrial-targeted H2S donor AP39 (100 nM) simultaneously with STZ (prevention) or on day 6 after STZ (treatment), and the ratio of interstitial to vascular fluorescence was used to estimate apparent permeability. NaGYY4137 prevented HG-induced loss of BREC glycocalyx, increased monocyte binding to BRECs (p ≤ 0.001), and increased overall glycocalyx coverage (p ≤ 0.001). In rats, the STZ-induced increase in apparent retinal vascular permeability (p ≤ 0.01) was significantly prevented by pre-treatment with NaGYY4137 and AP39 (p < 0.05) and stabilized by their post-STZ administration. NaGYY4137 also reduced the number of acellular capillaries (collagen IV + /IB4-) in the diabetic retina in both groups (p ≤ 0.05). We conclude that NaGYY4137 and AP39 protected the retinal glycocalyx and endothelial permeability barrier from diabetes-associated loss of integrity and reduced the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Hydrogen sulfide donors that target the glycocalyx may therefore be a therapeutic candidate for DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L Allen
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Katarzyna Wolanska
- The Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Naseeb K Malhi
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew V Benest
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mark E Wood
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Winfried Amoaku
- Academic Ophthalmology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Roberta Torregrossa
- The Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Whiteman
- The Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - David O Bates
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jacqueline L Whatmore
- The Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
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15
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Development of Biomarkers and Molecular Therapy Based on Inflammatory Genes in Diabetic Nephropathy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189985. [PMID: 34576149 PMCID: PMC8465809 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) is a debilitating consequence of both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes affecting the kidney and renal tubules leading to End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). As diabetes is a world epidemic and almost half of diabetic patients develop DN in their lifetime, a large group of people is affected. Due to the complex nature of the disease, current diagnosis and treatment are not adequate to halt disease progression or provide an effective cure. DN is now considered a manifestation of inflammation where inflammatory molecules regulate most of the renal physiology. Recent advances in genetics and genomic technology have identified numerous susceptibility genes that are associated with DN, many of which have inflammatory functions. Based on their role in DN, we will discuss the current aspects of developing biomarkers and molecular therapy for advancing precision medicine.
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16
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Yang L, Li DX, Cao BQ, Liu SJ, Xu DH, Zhu XY, Liu YJ. Exercise training ameliorates early diabetic kidney injury by regulating the H 2 S/SIRT1/p53 pathway. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21823. [PMID: 34396581 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100219r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Exercise training exerts protective effects against diabetic nephropathy. This study aimed to investigate whether exercise training could attenuate diabetic renal injury via regulating endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) production. First, C57BL/6 mice were allocated into the control, diabetes, exercise, and diabetes + exercise groups. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Treadmill exercise continued for four weeks. Second, mice was allocated into the control, diabetes, H2 S and diabetes + H2 S groups. H2 S donor sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) was intraperitoneally injected once daily for four weeks. STZ-induced diabetic mice exhibited glomerular hypertrophy, tissue fibrosis and increased urine albumin levels, urine protein- and albumin-to-creatinine ratios, which were relieved by exercise training. Diabetic renal injury was associated with apoptotic cell death, as evidenced by the enhanced caspase-3 activity, the increased TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling -positive cells and the reduced expression of anti-apoptotic proteins, all of which were attenuated by exercise training. Exercise training enhanced renal sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression in diabetic mice, accompanied by an inhibition of the p53-#ediated pro-apoptotic pathway. Furthermore, exercise training restored the STZ-mediated downregulation of cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) and the reduced renal H2 S production. NaHS treatment restored SIRT1 expression, inhibited the p53-mediated pro-apoptotic pathway and attenuated diabetes-associated apoptosis and renal injury. In high glucose-treated MPC5 podocytes, NaHS treatment inhibited the p53-mediated pro-apoptotic pathway and podocyte apoptosis in a SIRT1-dependent manner. Collectively, exercise training upregulated CBS/CSE expression and enhanced the endogenous H2 S production in renal tissues, thereby contributing to the modulation of the SIRT1/p53 apoptosis pathway and improvement of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- School of Kinesiology, The Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong-Xia Li
- School of Kinesiology, The Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Bu-Qing Cao
- Department of Physiology, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruikang Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Shu-Juan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Dan-Hong Xu
- School of Kinesiology, The Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Jian Liu
- School of Kinesiology, The Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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17
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Kumar M, Sandhir R. Hydrogen sulfide attenuates hyperhomocysteinemia-induced blood-brain barrier permeability by inhibiting MMP-9. Int J Neurosci 2021; 132:1061-1071. [PMID: 33287606 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1860967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Backgroud: Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is implicated in various neurovascular disorders including vascular dementia, subarachnoid hemorrhage and stroke. Elevated homocysteine (Hcy) levels are associated with increased oxidative stress and compromised blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has recently emerged as potent neuroprotective molecule in various neurological conditions including those associated with HHcy. The present study evaluates the protective effect of sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaHS; a source of H2S) on HHcy-induced BBB dysfunction and underpin molecular mechanisms.Materials and methods: Supplementation of NaHS restored the increased BBB permeability in the cortex and hippocampus of HHcy animals assessed in terms of diffused sodium fluorescein and Evans blue tracer dyes in the brain. Activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) assessed by gelatinase activity and in situ gelatinase assay was restored to the normal in the cortex and hippocampus of HHcy animals supplemented with NaHS.Results: Application of gelatin zymography revealed that specifically MMP-9 activity was increased in the cortex and hippocampus of HHcy animals, which was inhibited by NaHS supplementation. Real-time RT-PCR analysis showed that NaHS administration also decreased mRNA expression of MMP-9 in the hippocampus of HHcy animals. NaHS supplementation was further observed to reduce water retention in the brain regions of Hcy treated animals.Conclusion: Taken together, these findings suggest that NaHS supplementation ameliorates HHcy-induced BBB permeability and brain edema by inhibiting the mRNA expression and activity of MMP-9. Therefore, H2S and H2S releasing drugs may be used as a novel therapeutic approach to treat HHcy-associated neurovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical Science Block-II, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.,College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Rajat Sandhir
- Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical Science Block-II, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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18
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Calabrese V, Scuto M, Salinaro AT, Dionisio G, Modafferi S, Ontario ML, Greco V, Sciuto S, Schmitt CP, Calabrese EJ, Peters V. Hydrogen Sulfide and Carnosine: Modulation of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Kidney and Brain Axis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121303. [PMID: 33353117 PMCID: PMC7767317 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that the dysregulation of cellular redox homeostasis and chronic inflammatory processes are implicated in the pathogenesis of kidney and brain disorders. In this light, endogenous dipeptide carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) exert cytoprotective actions through the modulation of redox-dependent resilience pathways during oxidative stress and inflammation. Several recent studies have elucidated a functional crosstalk occurring between kidney and the brain. The pathophysiological link of this crosstalk is represented by oxidative stress and inflammatory processes which contribute to the high prevalence of neuropsychiatric disorders, cognitive impairment, and dementia during the natural history of chronic kidney disease. Herein, we provide an overview of the main pathophysiological mechanisms related to high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and neurotoxins, which play a critical role in the kidney–brain crosstalk. The present paper also explores the respective role of H2S and carnosine in the modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation in the kidney–brain axis. It suggests that these activities are likely mediated, at least in part, via hormetic processes, involving Nrf2 (Nuclear factor-like 2), Hsp 70 (heat shock protein 70), SIRT-1 (Sirtuin-1), Trx (Thioredoxin), and the glutathione system. Metabolic interactions at the kidney and brain axis level operate in controlling and reducing oxidant-induced inflammatory damage and therefore, can be a promising potential therapeutic target to reduce the severity of renal and brain injuries in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Calabrese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (S.M.); (M.L.O.); (V.G.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: (V.C.); (A.T.S.)
| | - Maria Scuto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (S.M.); (M.L.O.); (V.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Angela Trovato Salinaro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (S.M.); (M.L.O.); (V.G.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: (V.C.); (A.T.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Dionisio
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Research Center Flakkebjerg, Aarhus University, Forsøgsvej 1, 4200 Slagelse, Denmark;
| | - Sergio Modafferi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (S.M.); (M.L.O.); (V.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Maria Laura Ontario
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (S.M.); (M.L.O.); (V.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Valentina Greco
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (S.M.); (M.L.O.); (V.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Sebastiano Sciuto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.S.); (S.M.); (M.L.O.); (V.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Claus Peter Schmitt
- Centre for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.P.S.); (V.P.)
| | - Edward J. Calabrese
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Morrill I, N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA;
| | - Verena Peters
- Centre for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (C.P.S.); (V.P.)
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Arcos-Sacramento VG, Sampieri CL, Sandoval-Lozano VH, Orozco-Ortega RA, Acuña-Hernández MA, Morales-Romero J, Hernández-Hernández ME, Rodríguez-Hernández A. Urinary MMP-9/UCr association with albumin concentration and albumin-creatinine-ratio in Mexican patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10474. [PMID: 33362965 PMCID: PMC7749659 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease is one of the most common complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), causing an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity has been proposed as useful biomarker for diabetic renal and vascular complications. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among T2DM patients who attended a public secondary hospital in Mexico. We performed clinical, biochemical, and microbiological assessments, as well chronic kidney disease diagnosis according to the KDIGO guideline. Urinary MMP-9 was quantified by ELISA and adjusted using urinary creatinine (UCr). RESULTS A total of 111 patients were included. Most participants were women (66%). Mean age was 61 ± 10 years and median T2DM duration was estimated at 11 years. Through multivariate analysis, MMP-9/UCr was found to be associated with albumin concentration and albumin to creatinine ratio. DISCUSSION Validation of non-invasive biomarkers of chronic kidney disease among T2DM patients is necessary. Here, we demonstrate MMP-9/UCr as a potential biomarker of albumin concentration and albumin to creatinine ratio in Mexican patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clara Luz Sampieri
- Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
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20
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Ngowi EE, Sarfraz M, Afzal A, Khan NH, Khattak S, Zhang X, Li T, Duan SF, Ji XY, Wu DD. Roles of Hydrogen Sulfide Donors in Common Kidney Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:564281. [PMID: 33364941 PMCID: PMC7751760 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.564281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays a key role in the regulation of physiological processes in mammals. The decline in H2S level has been reported in numerous renal disorders. In animal models of renal disorders, treatment with H2S donors could restore H2S levels and improve renal functions. H2S donors suppress renal dysfunction by regulating autophagy, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation through multiple signaling pathways, such as TRL4/NLRP3, AMP-activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin, transforming growth factor-β1/Smad3, extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1/2, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and nuclear factor kappa B. In this review, we summarize recent developments in the effects of H2S donors on the treatment of common renal diseases, including acute/chronic kidney disease, renal fibrosis, unilateral ureteral obstruction, glomerulosclerosis, diabetic nephropathy, hyperhomocysteinemia, drug-induced nephrotoxicity, metal-induced nephrotoxicity, and urolithiasis. Novel H2S donors can be designed and applied in the treatment of common renal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebenezeri Erasto Ngowi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Dar es Salaam University College of Education, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Muhammad Sarfraz
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Kaifeng Municipal Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan Provincial Engineering Centre for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Attia Afzal
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nazeer Hussain Khan
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Saadullah Khattak
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Institute for Innovative Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Tao Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Shao-Feng Duan
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Institute for Innovative Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xin-Ying Ji
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Diseases and Bio-Safety, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Dong-Dong Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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Beck KF, Pfeilschifter J. Gasotransmitter synthesis and signalling in the renal glomerulus. Implications for glomerular diseases. Cell Signal 2020; 77:109823. [PMID: 33152441 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Glomerular injury is a hallmark of kidney diseases such as diabetic nephropathy, IgA nephropathy or other forms of glomerulonephritis. Glomerular endothelial cells, mesangial cells, glomerular epithelial cells (podocytes) and, in an inflammatory context, infiltrating immune cells crosstalk to mediate signalling processes in the glomerulus. Under physiological conditions, mesangial cells act by the control of extracellular matrix production and degradation, by the synthesis of growth factors and by preserving a well-defined crosstalk with glomerular podocytes and endothelial cells to regulate glomerular structure and function. It is well known that mesangial cells are able to amplify an inflammatory process by the formation of cytokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO). This exaggerated reaction may result in a vicious cycle with subsequent damage of neighboured podocytes and endothelial cells, loss of the filtration barrier and, finally destruction of the whole glomerulus. Unfortunately, all efforts to develop new therapies for the treatment of glomerular diseases by controlling unbridled ROS or NO production directly had so far no success. However, on-going research on ROS and NO defined these autacoids more as important signalling molecules than as endogenously produced cytotoxic compounds. New findings on signalling activities of ROS, NO but also hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbon monoxide (CO) supported this paradigm shift. Because of their similar chemical properties and their similar signal transduction capacities, NO, H2S and CO are meanwhile designated as the group of gasotransmitters. In this review, we describe the current knowledge of the signalling properties of gasotransmitters with a focus on glomerular cells and their role in glomerular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl-Friedrich Beck
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Josef Pfeilschifter
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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22
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Potential role of hydrogen sulfide in diabetes-impaired angiogenesis and ischemic tissue repair. Redox Biol 2020; 37:101704. [PMID: 32942144 PMCID: PMC7498944 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is one of the most prevalent metabolic disorders and is estimated to affect 400 million of 4.4% of population worldwide in the next 20 year. In diabetes, risk to develop vascular diseases is two-to four-fold increased. Ischemic tissue injury, such as refractory wounds and critical ischemic limb (CLI) are major ischemic vascular complications in diabetic patients where oxygen supplement is insufficient due to impaired angiogenesis/neovascularization. In spite of intensive studies, the underlying mechanisms of diabetes-impaired ischemic tissue injury remain incompletely understood. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been considered as a third gasotransmitter regulating angiogenesis under physiological and ischemic conditions. Here, the underlying mechanisms of insufficient H2S-impaired angiogenesis and ischemic tissue repair in diabetes are discussed. We will primarily focuses on the signaling pathways of H2S in controlling endothelial function/biology, angiogenesis and ischemic tissue repair in diabetic animal models. We summarized that H2S plays an important role in maintaining endothelial function/biology and angiogenic property in diabetes. We demonstrated that exogenous H2S may be a theraputic agent for endothelial dysfunction and impaired ischemic tissue repair in diabetes.
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23
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Glutamate-Gated NMDA Receptors: Insights into the Function and Signaling in the Kidney. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10071051. [PMID: 32679780 PMCID: PMC7407907 DOI: 10.3390/biom10071051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
N-Methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) is a glutamate-gated ionotropic receptor that intervenes in most of the excitatory synaptic transmission within the central nervous system (CNS). Aside from being broadly distributed in the CNS and having indispensable functions in the brain, NMDAR has predominant roles in many physiological and pathological processes in a wide range of non-neuronal cells and tissues. The present review outlines current knowledge and understanding of the physiological and pathophysiological functions of NMDAR in the kidney, an essential excretory and endocrine organ responsible for the whole-body homeostasis. The review also explores the recent findings regarding signaling pathways involved in NMDAR-mediated responses in the kidney. As established from diverse lines of research reviewed here, basal levels of receptor activation within the kidney are essential for the maintenance of healthy tubular and glomerular function, while a disproportionate activation can lead to a disruption of NMDAR's downstream signaling pathways and a myriad of pathophysiological consequences.
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24
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Price GW, Potter JA, Williams BM, Cliff CL, Squires PE, Hills CE. Connexin-mediated cell communication in the kidney: A potential therapeutic target for future intervention of diabetic kidney disease?: Joan Mott Prize Lecture. Exp Physiol 2020; 105:219-229. [PMID: 31785013 DOI: 10.1113/ep087770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The ability of cells to communicate and synchronise their activity is essential for the maintenance of tissue structure, integrity and function. A family of membrane-bound proteins called connexins are largely responsible for mediating the local transfer of information between cells. Assembled in the cell membrane as a hexameric connexon, they either function as a conduit for paracrine signalling, forming a transmembrane hemi-channel, or, if aligned with connexons on neighbouring cells, form a continuous aqueous pore or gap junction, which allows for the direct transmission of metabolic and electrical signals. Regulation of connexin synthesis and activity is critical to cellular function, and a number of diseases are attributed to changes in the expression and/or function of these important proteins. A link between hyperglycaemia, connexin expression, altered nucleotide concentrations and impaired function highlights a potential role for connexin-mediated cell communication in complications of diabetes. In the diabetic kidney, glycaemic injury is the leading cause of end-stage renal failure, reflecting multiple aetiologies including glomerular hyperfiltration, albuminuria, increased deposition of extracellular matrix and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Loss of connexin-mediated cell-to-cell communication in diabetic nephropathy may represent an early sign of disease progression, but our understanding of the process remains severely limited. This review focuses on recent evidence demonstrating that glucose-evoked changes in connexin-mediated cell communication and associated purinergic signalling may contribute to the pathogenesis of kidney disease in diabetes, highlighting the tantalising potential of targeting these proteins as a novel therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth W Price
- Joseph Banks Laboratories, School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK
| | - Joe A Potter
- Joseph Banks Laboratories, School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK
| | - Bethany M Williams
- Joseph Banks Laboratories, School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK
| | - Chelsy L Cliff
- Joseph Banks Laboratories, School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK
| | - Paul E Squires
- Joseph Banks Laboratories, School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK
| | - Claire E Hills
- Joseph Banks Laboratories, School of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK
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Wang Y, Xing QQ, Tu JK, Tang WB, Yuan XN, Xie YY, Wang W, Peng ZZ, Huang L, Xu H, Qin J, Xiao XC, Tao LJ, Yuan QJ. Involvement of hydrogen sulfide in the progression of renal fibrosis. Chin Med J (Engl) 2019; 132:2872-2880. [PMID: 31856060 PMCID: PMC6940064 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Renal fibrosis is the most common manifestation of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Noting that existing treatments of renal fibrosis only slow disease progression but do not cure it, there is an urgent need to identify novel therapies. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a newly discovered endogenous small gas signaling molecule exerting a wide range of biologic actions in our body. This review illustrates recent experimental findings on the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of H2S against renal fibrosis and highlights its potential in future clinical application. DATA SOURCES Literature was collected from PubMed until February 2019, using the search terms including "Hydrogen sulfide," "Chronic kidney disease," "Renal interstitial fibrosis," "Kidney disease," "Inflammation factor," "Oxidative stress," "Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition," "H2S donor," "Hypertensive kidney dysfunction," "Myofibroblasts," "Vascular remodeling," "transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta/Smads signaling," and "Sulfate potassium channels." STUDY SELECTION Literature was mainly derived from English articles or articles that could be obtained with English abstracts. Article type was not limited. References were also identified from the bibliographies of identified articles and the authors' files. RESULTS The experimental data confirmed that H2S is widely involved in various renal pathologies by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress, inhibiting the activation of fibrosis-related cells and their cytokine expression, ameliorating vascular remodeling and high blood pressure, stimulating tubular cell regeneration, as well as reducing apoptosis, autophagy, and hypertrophy. Therefore, H2S represents an alternative or additional therapeutic approach for renal fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS We postulate that H2S may delay the occurrence and progress of renal fibrosis, thus protecting renal function. Further experiments are required to explore the precise role of H2S in renal fibrosis and its application in clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Qi-Qi Xing
- Division of Orthopedics, Department of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jing-Ke Tu
- Regenerative Medicine Clinic, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300041, China
| | - Wen-Bin Tang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xiang-Ning Yuan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yan-Yun Xie
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zhang-Zhe Peng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jiao Qin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xiang-Cheng Xiao
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Li-Jian Tao
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Qiong-Jing Yuan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
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Majumder S, Ren L, Pushpakumar S, Sen U. Hydrogen sulphide mitigates homocysteine-induced apoptosis and matrix remodelling in mesangial cells through Akt/FOXO1 signalling cascade. Cell Signal 2019; 61:66-77. [PMID: 31085234 PMCID: PMC6561819 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cellular damage and accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) protein in the glomerulo-interstitial space are the signatures of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), a high level of homocysteine (Hcy) is associated with CKD and further contributes to kidney damage. Despite a large number of studies, the signalling mechanism of Hcy-mediated cellular damage and ECM remodelling in kidney remains inconclusive. Hcy metabolizes to produce hydrogen sulphide (H2S), and a number of studies have shown that H2S mitigates the adverse effect of HHcy in a variety of diseases involving several signalling molecules, including forkhead box O (FOXO) protein. FOXO is a group of transcription factor that includes FOXO1, which plays important roles in cell growth and proliferation. On the other hand, a cell survival factor, Akt regulates FOXO under normal condition. However, the involvement of Akt/FOXO1 pathway in Hcy-induced mesangial cell damage remains elusive, and whether H2S plays any protective roles has yet to be clearly defined. We treated mouse mesangial cells with or without H2S donor, GYY4137 and FOXO1 inhibitor, AS1842856 in HHcy condition and determined the involvement of Akt/FOXO1 signalling cascades. Our results indicated that Hcy inactivated Akt and activated FOXO1 by dephosphorylating both the signalling molecules and induced FOXO1 nuclear translocation followed by activation of the FOXO1 transcription factor. These led to the induction of cellular apoptosis and synthesis of excessive ECM protein, in part, due to increased ROS production, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), reduction in intracellular ATP concentration, increased MMP-2, -9, -14 mRNA and protein expression, and Col I, IV and fibronectin protein expression. Interestingly, GYY4137 or AS1842856 treatment prevented these changes by modulating Akt/FOXO1 axis in HHcy. We conclude that GYY4137 and/or AS1842856 mitigates HHcy induced mesangial cell damage and ECM remodelling by regulating Akt/FOXO1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suravi Majumder
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States of America
| | - Lu Ren
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Sathnur Pushpakumar
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States of America
| | - Utpal Sen
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States of America.
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Zhang Y, Zhao J, He Z, Shi S, Liang C, Wu Z. Shexiang Tongxin Dropping Pill Improves Peripheral Microvascular Blood Flow via Cystathionine-γ-Lyase. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:6313-6321. [PMID: 31437131 PMCID: PMC6716298 DOI: 10.12659/msm.916266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To explore the protective effects of Shexiang Tongxin Dropping Pill (STP) in improving peripheral microvascular dysfunction in mice and to explore the involved mechanism. Material/Methods A peripheral microvascular dysfunction model was established by combined myocardial infarction (MI) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection in mice. Then, the mice were randomized into a model group (n=10) or an STP group (n=10), which were treated with normal saline and STP, respectively. The cremaster muscle microvascular blood flow velocity and numbers of leukocytes adherent to the venular wall were evaluated before and after drug intervention. We assessed the expression of adhesion molecule CD11b and related transcript factor FOXO1 in leukocytes, cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) mRNA expression in the cremaster muscle, and mitochondrial DNA copy numbers. Results Compared with those of control mice, the cremaster microvascular blood flow velocity, cremaster CSE expression, and mitochondrial DNA copy number in mice from the model group were significantly lower and leukocyte adhesion and CD11b and FOXO1 expression were significantly higher. Intervention with STP could significantly increase the cremaster microvascular flow velocity (0.480±0.010 mm/s vs. 0.075±0.005 mm/s), mRNA expression of cremaster CSE, and mitochondrial DNA copy number, but it inhibited leukocyte adhesion and decreased leukocyte CD11b and FOXO1 expression. Conclusions STP significantly improved peripheral microcirculation, in which increased CSE expression might be the underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanda Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Zhiqing He
- Department of Cardiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Shanlan Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Baoshan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Chun Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Zonggui Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
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Sun HJ, Wu ZY, Cao L, Zhu MY, Liu TT, Guo L, Lin Y, Nie XW, Bian JS. Hydrogen Sulfide: Recent Progression and Perspectives for the Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24152857. [PMID: 31390847 PMCID: PMC6696501 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24152857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease develops in approximately 40% of diabetic patients and is a major cause of chronic kidney diseases (CKD) and end stage kidney disease (ESKD) worldwide. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), the third gasotransmitter after nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO), is synthesized in nearly all organs, including the kidney. Though studies on H2S regulation of renal physiology and pathophysiology are still in its infancy, emerging evidence shows that H2S production by renal cells is reduced under disease states and H2S donors ameliorate kidney injury. Specifically, aberrant H2S level is implicated in various renal pathological conditions including diabetic nephropathy. This review presents the roles of H2S in diabetic renal disease and the underlying mechanisms for the protective effects of H2S against diabetic renal damage. H2S may serve as fundamental strategies to treat diabetic kidney disease. These H2S treatment modalities include precursors for H2S synthesis, H2S donors, and natural plant-derived compounds. Despite accumulating evidence from experimental studies suggests the potential role of the H2S signaling pathway in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy, these results need further clinical translation. Expanding understanding of H2S in the kidney may be vital to translate H2S to be a novel therapy for diabetic renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Jian Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Zhi-Yuan Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Meng-Yuan Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Teng-Teng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Ye Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Nie
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Jin-Song Bian
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore.
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou 215000, China.
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Papu John AS, Kundu S, Pushpakumar S, Amin M, Tyagi SC, Sen U. Hydrogen sulfide inhibits Ca 2+-induced mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening in type-1 diabetes. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 317:E269-E283. [PMID: 31039005 PMCID: PMC6732471 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00251.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) attenuates N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor-R1 (NMDA-R1) and mitigates diabetic renal damage; however, the molecular mechanism is not well known. Whereas NMDA-R1 facilitates Ca2+ permeability, H2S is known to inhibit L-type Ca2+ channel. High Ca2+ activates cyclophilin D (CypD), a gatekeeper protein of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP), thus facilitating molecular exchange between matrix and cytoplasm causing oxidative outburst and cell death. We tested the hypothesis of whether NMDA-R1 mediates Ca2+ influx causing CypD activation and MPTP opening leading to oxidative stress and renal injury in diabetes. We also tested whether H2S treatment blocks Ca2+ channel and thus inhibits CypD and MPTP opening to prevent renal damage. C57BL/6J and Akita (C57BL/6J-Ins2Akita) mice were treated without or with H2S donor GYY4137 (0.25 mg·kg-1·day-1 ip) for 8 wk. In vitro studies were performed using mouse glomerular endothelial cells. Results indicated that low levels of H2S and increased expression of NMDA-R1 in diabetes induced Ca2+ permeability, which was ameliorated by H2S treatment. We observed cytosolic Ca2+ influx in hyperglycemic (HG) condition along with mitochondrial-CypD activation, increased MPTP opening, and oxidative outburst, which were mitigated with H2S treatment. Renal injury biomarker KIM-1 was upregulated in HG conditions and normalized following H2S treatment. Inhibition of NMDA-R1 by pharmacological blocker MK-801 revealed similar results. We conclude that NMDA-R1-mediated Ca2+ influx in diabetes induces MPTP opening via CypD activation leading to increased oxidative stress and renal injury, and H2S protects diabetic kidney from injury by blocking mitochondrial Ca2+ permeability through NMDA-R1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sashi Papu John
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Sourav Kundu
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Sathnur Pushpakumar
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Matthew Amin
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Suresh C Tyagi
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Utpal Sen
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville, Kentucky
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30
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Hydrogen Sulfide Protects Hyperhomocysteinemia-Induced Renal Damage by Modulation of Caveolin and eNOS Interaction. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2223. [PMID: 30778103 PMCID: PMC6379383 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38467-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of homocysteine (Hcy) during chronic kidney failure (CKD) can exert toxic effects on the glomeruli and tubulo-interstitial region. Among the potential mechanisms, the formation of highly reactive metabolite, Hcy thiolactone, is known to modify proteins by N-homocysteinylation, leading to protein degradation, stress and impaired function. Previous studies documented impaired nitric oxide production and altered caveolin expression in hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), leading to endothelial dysfunction. The aim of this study was to determine whether Hhcy homocysteinylates endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and alters caveolin-1 expression to decrease nitric oxide bioavailability, causing hypertension and renal dysfunction. We also examined whether hydrogen sulfide (H2S) could dehomocysteinylate eNOS to protect the kidney. WT and Cystathionine β-Synthase deficient (CBS+/-) mice representing HHcy were treated without or with sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaHS), a H2S donor (30 µM), in drinking water for 8 weeks. Hhcy mice (CBS+/-) showed low levels of plasma H2S, elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) and renal dysfunction. H2S treatment reduced SBP and improved renal function. Hhcy was associated with homocysteinylation of eNOS, reduced enzyme activity and upregulation of caveolin-1 expression. Further, Hhcy increased extracellular matrix (ECM) protein deposition and disruption of gap junction proteins, connexins. H2S treatment reversed the changes above and transfection of triple genes producing H2S (CBS, CSE and 3MST) showed reduction of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. We conclude that during Hhcy, homocysteinylation of eNOS and disruption of caveolin-mediated regulation leads to ECM remodeling and hypertension, and H2S treatment attenuates renovascular damage.
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31
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Hydrogen sulfide as a regulatory factor in kidney health and disease. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 149:29-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Abstract
Signaling by H2S is proposed to occur via persulfidation, a posttranslational modification of cysteine residues (RSH) to persulfides (RSSH). Persulfidation provides a framework for understanding the physiological and pharmacological effects of H2S. Due to the inherent instability of persulfides, their chemistry is understudied. In this review, we discuss the biologically relevant chemistry of H2S and the enzymatic routes for its production and oxidation. We cover the chemical biology of persulfides and the chemical probes for detecting them. We conclude by discussing the roles ascribed to protein persulfidation in cell signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milos R. Filipovic
- Univeristy of Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33077 Bordeaux, France
- CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33077 Bordeaux, France
| | - Jasmina Zivanovic
- Univeristy of Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33077 Bordeaux, France
- CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33077 Bordeaux, France
| | - Beatriz Alvarez
- Laboratorio de Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Universidad de la Republica, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ruma Banerjee
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0600, United States
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Wang L, Gao Z. Expression of MMP-9 and IL-6 in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage and the clinical significance. Exp Ther Med 2017; 15:1510-1514. [PMID: 29434735 PMCID: PMC5774465 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and the clinical significance thereof. Forty-three patients with SAH and 23 healthy individuals were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into the cerebral vasospasm (CVS) and non-cerebral vasospasm (non-CVS) groups, or the good and poor prognosis groups. Serum levels of MMP-9 and IL-6 were detected by ELISA. Expression levels of MMP-9 and IL-6 mRNAs were detected by RT-qPCR. Expression levels of MMP-9 and IL-6 were elevated with the increase of grades as determined by the Hunt-Hess grading method. Serum levels of MMP-9 and IL-6 in the CVS and poor prognosis groups were significantly higher than those in the control group. Expression levels of MMP-9 and IL-6 in the CVS group were significantly higher than those in the non-CVS group (P<0.05). Compared with the good prognosis group, the expression levels of MMP-9 and IL-6 were significantly increased in the poor prognosis group at 1, 4, 7 and 10 days after SAH (P<0.05). Additionally, the expression level of MMP-9 was significantly positively correlated with that of IL-6 (P<0.05). Expression levels of MMP-9 and IL-6 were significantly increased in patients with SAH, and the expression level of MMP-9 was positively correlated with that of IL-6. Thus, MMP-9 and IL-6 are involved in the development of SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luchen Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Queen Mary College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, P.R. China
| | - Ziyun Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, P.R. China
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GYY4137, a Hydrogen Sulfide Donor Modulates miR194-Dependent Collagen Realignment in Diabetic Kidney. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10924. [PMID: 28883608 PMCID: PMC5589897 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11256-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between hydrogen sulfide (H2S), microRNAs (miRs), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and poly-ADP-ribose-polymerase-1 (PARP-1) in diabetic kidney remodeling remains mostly obscured. We aimed at investigating whether alteration of miR-194-dependent MMPs and PARP-1 causes renal fibrosis in diabetes kidney, and whether H2S ameliorates fibrosis. Wild type, diabetic Akita mice as well as mouse glomerular endothelial cells (MGECs) were used as experimental models, and GYY4137 as H2S donor. In diabetic mice, plasma H2S levels were decreased while ROS and expression of its modulator (ROMO1) were increased. In addition, alteration of MMPs-9, −13 and −14 expression, PARP-1, HIF1α, and increased collagen biosynthesis as well as collagen cross-linking protein, P4HA1 and PLOD2 were observed along with diminished vascular density in diabetic kidney. These changes were ameliorated by GYY4137. Further, downregulated miRNA-194 was normalized by GYY4137 in diabetic kidney. Similar results were obtained in in vitro condition. Interestingly, miR-194 mimic also diminished ROS production, and normalized ROMO1, MMPs-9, −13 and −14, and PARP-1 along with collagen biosynthesis and cross-linking protein in HG condition. We conclude that decrease H2S diminishes miR-194, induces collagen deposition and realignment leading to fibrosis and renovascular constriction in diabetes. GYY4137 mitigates renal fibrosis in diabetes through miR-194-dependent pathway.
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Zhao H, Lu S, Chai J, Zhang Y, Ma X, Chen J, Guan Q, Wan M, Liu Y. Hydrogen sulfide improves diabetic wound healing in ob/ob mice via attenuating inflammation. J Diabetes Complications 2017; 31:1363-1369. [PMID: 28720320 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The proposed mechanisms of impaired wound healing in diabetes involve sustained inflammation, excess oxidative stress and compromised agiogenesis. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been reported to have multiple biological activities. We aim to investigate the role of H2S in impaired wound healing in ob/ob mice and explore the possible mechanisms involved. PROCEDURES Full-thickness skin dorsal wounds were created on ob/ob mice and C57BL/6 mice. Cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) expression and H2S production were determined in granulation tissues of the wounds. Effects of NaHS on wound healing were evaluated. Inflammation and angiogenesis in granulation tissues of the wounds were examined. RESULTS CSE expression, and H2S content were significantly reduced in granulation tissues of wounds in ob/ob mice compared with control mice. NaHS treatment significantly improved wound healing in ob/ob mice, which was associated with reduced neutrophil and macrophage infiltration, decreased production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6. NaHS treatment decreased metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, whereas increased collagen deposition and vascular-like structures in granulation tissues of wounds in ob/ob mice. CONCLUSION CSE down-regulation may play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetic impaired wound healing. Exogenous H2S could be a potential agent to improve diabetic impaired wound healing by attenuating inflammation and increasing angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huichen Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, 5 Donghai Street, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Shengxia Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Electric Power Central Hospital, 117 Jingshi Street, Jinan, China
| | - Jiachao Chai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Women and Children's Hospital of Qingdao, 6 Tongfu Street, Qingdao 266011, Shandong, China
| | - Yuchao Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, 5 Donghai Street, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, 5 Donghai Street, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Jicui Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44 Wenhua Rd. West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Qingbo Guan
- Department of Endocrinology, Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, 250021, Shandong, China.
| | - Meiyan Wan
- Department of Nephrology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, 5 Donghai Street, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China.
| | - Yuantao Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, 5 Donghai Street, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China.
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Li L, Xiao T, Li F, Li Y, Zeng O, Liu M, Liang B, Li Z, Chu C, Yang J. Hydrogen sulfide reduced renal tissue fibrosis by regulating autophagy in diabetic rats. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:1715-1722. [PMID: 28656209 PMCID: PMC5561787 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore the effect of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on renal tissue fibrosis and its mechanism in diabetic rats. Rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=13/group): Control group; induced diabetes mellitus group (STZ); induced diabetes mellitus treated with H2S group (STZ + H2S); normal rats treated with H2S group (H2S). The diabetic model was induced by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of 40 mg/kg body weight streptozotocin (STZ); the control group was treated with saline every day (i.p); NaHS (100 µmol/kg i.p.) was administered to rats of STZ + H2S group and H2S group. After 8 weeks, rat body weight and 24 h proteinuria levels were determined in each group, renal pathological morphology was analyzed by Masson's trichrome staining, collagen IV content was detected by immunohistochemistry, and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining was performed on renal glomerular and tubular basement membranes. The expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), MMP7, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP1), superoxide dismutase (SOD), serine/threonine kinase AKT, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, nuclear factor (NF)-κB and several autophagy related proteins were assessed by western blot analysis. Compared with the control group, renal tissue fibrosis was observed, collagen IV expression and the 24 h proteinuria quantity was markedly increased and the amount of PAS positive material in renal glomerular and tubular basement membranes was notably increased in STZ-treated rats. Furthermore, the expression levels of MMP9, MMP7, TIMP1, autophagy-associated proteins, AKT, TGF-β1 and NF-κB protein were significantly increased, and SOD expression levels were significantly decreased in the STZ group compared with the control (P<0.05). In the H2S+STZ group, renal tissue fibrosis and the expression of collagen IV were improved, 24 h proteinuria was decreased, the amount of PAS positive material in renal glomerular and tubular basement membranes was decreased, the expression levels MMP9, MMP7, TIMP1, autophagy-associated proteins, AKT, TGF-β1 and NF-κB protein were significantly decreased, and the expression levels of SOD were significantly increased compared with the STZ group (P<0.05). In conclusion, H2S may improve renal tissue fibrosis by inhibiting autophagy, upregulating SOD and downregulating AKT, TGF-β1 and NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of South China University, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Ting Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of South China University, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of South China University, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of South China University, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Ou Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of South China University, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Maojun Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of South China University, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Biao Liang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of South China University, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Zining Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of South China University, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Chun Chu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of South China University, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
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Wu Q, Zhao Y, Duan W, Liu Y, Chen X, Zhu M. Propofol inhibits high glucose-induced PP2A expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Vascul Pharmacol 2017; 91:18-25. [PMID: 28188886 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Perioperative hyperglycemia is a common clinical metabolic disorder. Hyperglycemia could induce endothelial apoptosis, dysfunction and inflammation, resulting in endothelial injury. Propofol is a widely used anesthetic drug in clinical settings. Our previous studies indicated that propofol, via inhibiting high glucose-induced phosphatase A2 (PP2A) expression, attenuated high glucose-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, thus improving endothelial apoptosis, dysfunction and inflammation. However, the mechanisms by which propofol attenuated high glucose-induced PP2A expression is still obscure. In the present study, we examined how propofol attenuates high glucose-induced endothelial PP2A expression. Compared with 5mM glucose treatment, 15mM glucose up-regulated expression and activity of PP2A, increased cAMP response element binding protein (CREB), Ca2+-calmodulin dependent kinase II (CaMK II) phosphorylation and Ca2+ accumulation. More importantly, propofol decreased PP2A expression and activity, attenuated CREB, CaMK II phosphorylation and Ca2+ accumulation in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, we demonstrated that the effect of propofol was similar to that of MK801, an inhibitor of NMDA receptor. In contrast, rapastinel, an activator of NMDA receptor, antagonized the effect of propofol. Also, the effect of KN93, an inhibitor of CaMK II, was similar to that of propofol, except KN93 had no effect on 15mM glucose-mediated Ca2+ accumulation. Our data indicated that propofol, via inhibiting NMDA receptor, attenuated 15mM glucose-induced Ca2+ accumulation, CaMK II and CREB phosphorylation, thus inhibiting PP2A expression and improving 15mM glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichao Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yanjun Zhao
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, PR China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Wenming Duan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Xinjiang Medical University, Affiliated Tumour Hospital, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, PR China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiangyuan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Minmin Zhu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, PR China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
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H 2S as a possible therapeutic alternative for the treatment of hypertensive kidney injury. Nitric Oxide 2017; 64:52-60. [PMID: 28069557 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is the most common cause of cardiovascular morbidities and mortalities, and a major risk factor for renal dysfunction. It is considered one of the causes of chronic kidney disease, which progresses into end-stage renal disease and eventually loss of renal function. Yet, the mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of hypertension and its associated kidney injury is still poorly understood. Moreover, despite existing antihypertensive therapies, achievement of blood pressure control and preservation of renal function still remain a worldwide public health challenge in a subset of hypertensive patients. Therefore, novel modes of intervention are in demand. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a gaseous signaling molecule, has been established to possess antihypertensive and renoprotective properties, which may represent an important therapeutic alternative for the treatment of hypertension and kidney injury. This review discusses recent findings about H2S in hypertension and kidney injury from both experimental and clinical studies. It also addresses future direction regarding therapeutic use of H2S.
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Vira H, Pradhan V, Umare V, Chaudhary A, Rajadhyksha A, Nadkar M, Ghosh K, Nadkarni A. Role of MMP-7 in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Lupus 2016; 26:937-943. [PMID: 28420044 DOI: 10.1177/0961203316682855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a clinically heterogeneous chronic, inflammatory autoimmune disorder. The association of MMP-7 and disease severity is still unclear. A total of 150 SLE patients and matched healthy controls were recruited for this study. Disease activity was scored according to SLEDAI (98 active and 52 inactive disease). Mean serum MMP-7 levels were significantly higher in SLE patients than controls ( p < 0.001). Patients with active disease showed higher levels (16.24 ± 6.2 ng/ml) as against inactive disease (10.50 ± 3.97 ng/ml) ( p ≤ 0.0001). Mean MMP-7 mRNA expression was significantly higher in patients (RQ = 3.16 ± 0.93) as compared to controls (RQ = 2.21 ± 0.89, p = 0.006). A positive correlation between MMP-7 levels, mRNA expression and SLEDAI score was observed ( r = 0.563, r = 0.427). The MMP-7 -181 G allele was found to be significantly higher among SLE patients ( p < 0.0001). A significant association was noted between MMP-7 -181 A/G +G/G genotypes with renal ( p = 0.0027) and CNS ( p = 0.0031) manifestations and anti-dsDNA autoantibodies ( p = 0.0312). Serum MMP-7 levels and mRNA expression were elevated in advanced stages of SLE, indicating that MMP-7 is associated with disease activity in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Vira
- 1 Department of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, National Institute of Immunohaematology, Mumbai, India
| | - V Pradhan
- 1 Department of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, National Institute of Immunohaematology, Mumbai, India
| | - V Umare
- 1 Department of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, National Institute of Immunohaematology, Mumbai, India
| | - A Chaudhary
- 1 Department of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, National Institute of Immunohaematology, Mumbai, India
| | - A Rajadhyksha
- 2 Department of Medicine, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - M Nadkar
- 2 Department of Medicine, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - K Ghosh
- 1 Department of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, National Institute of Immunohaematology, Mumbai, India
| | - A Nadkarni
- 1 Department of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, National Institute of Immunohaematology, Mumbai, India
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Dugbartey GJ. Diabetic nephropathy: A potential savior with 'rotten-egg' smell. Pharmacol Rep 2016; 69:331-339. [PMID: 28183033 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is currently the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Despite optimal management, DN is still a major contributor to morbidity and mortality of diabetic patients worldwide. The major pathological alterations in DN include excessive accumulation and deposition of extracellular matrix, leading to expansion of mesangial matrix, thickening of glomerular basement membrane and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. At the molecular level, accumulating evidence suggests that hyperglycemia or high glucose mediates renal injury in DN via multiple molecular mechanisms such as induction of oxidative stress, upregulation of renal transforming growth factor beta-1 expression, production of proinflammatory cytokines, activation of fibroblasts and renin angiotensin system, and depletion of adenosine triphosphate. Also worrying is the fact that existing therapies only retard the disease progression but do not prevent it. Therefore, there is urgent need to identify novel therapies to target additional disease mechanisms. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), the third member of the gasotransmitter family, has recently been identified and demonstrated to possess important therapeutic characteristics that prevent the development and progression of DN in experimental animals by targeting several important molecular pathways, and therefore may represent an alternative or additional therapeutic approach for DN. This review discusses recent experimental findings on the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of H2S against the development and progression of DN and its clinical application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- George J Dugbartey
- Department of Medicine, Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has only recently gained recognition for its physiological effects. It is synthesized widely in the mammalian tissues and regulates several biologic processes ranging from development, angiogenesis, neurotransmission to protein synthesis. Recent Advances: The aim of this review is to critically evaluate the evidence for a role for H2S in kidney function and disease. CRITICAL ISSUES H2S regulates fundamental kidney physiologic processes such as glomerular filtration and sodium reabsorption. In kidney disease states H2S appears to play a complex role in a context-dependent manner. In some disease states such as ischemia-reperfusion and diabetic kidney disease it can serve as an agent that ameliorates kidney injury. In other diseases such as cis-platinum-induced kidney disease it may mediate kidney injury although more investigation is needed. Recent studies have revealed that the actions of nitric oxide and H2S may be integrated in kidney cells. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Further studies are needed to understand the full impact of H2S on kidney physiology. As it is endowed with the properties of regulating blood flow, oxidative stress, and inflammation, H2S should be investigated for its role in inflammatory and toxic diseases of the kidney. Such in-depth exploration may identify specific kidney diseases in which H2S may constitute a unique target for therapeutic intervention. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 25, 720-731.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Feliers
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center , San Antonio, Texas
| | - Hak Joo Lee
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center , San Antonio, Texas.,2 South Texas Veterans Healthcare System , San Antonio, Texas
| | - Balakuntalam S Kasinath
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center , San Antonio, Texas.,2 South Texas Veterans Healthcare System , San Antonio, Texas
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Cao X, Bian JS. The Role of Hydrogen Sulfide in Renal System. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:385. [PMID: 27803669 PMCID: PMC5067532 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide has gained recognition as the third gaseous signaling molecule after nitric oxide and carbon monoxide. This review surveys the emerging role of H2S in mammalian renal system, with emphasis on both renal physiology and diseases. H2S is produced redundantly by four pathways in kidney, indicating the abundance of this gaseous molecule in the organ. In physiological conditions, H2S was found to regulate the excretory function of the kidney possibly by the inhibitory effect on sodium transporters on renal tubular cells. Likewise, it also influences the release of renin from juxtaglomerular cells and thereby modulates blood pressure. A possible role of H2S as an oxygen sensor has also been discussed, especially at renal medulla. Alternation of H2S level has been implicated in various pathological conditions such as renal ischemia/reperfusion, obstructive nephropathy, diabetic nephropathy, and hypertensive nephropathy. Moreover, H2S donors exhibit broad beneficial effects in renal diseases although a few conflicts need to be resolved. Further research reveals that multiple mechanisms are underlying the protective effects of H2S, including anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, and anti-apoptosis. In the review, several research directions are also proposed including the role of mitochondrial H2S in renal diseases, H2S delivery to kidney by targeting D-amino acid oxidase/3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (DAO/3-MST) pathway, effect of drug-like H2S donors in kidney diseases and understanding the molecular mechanism of H2S. The completion of the studies in these directions will not only improves our understanding of renal H2S functions but may also be critical to translate H2S to be a new therapy for renal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jin-Song Bian
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of SingaporeSingapore, Singapore
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Roshanravan H, Kim EY, Dryer SE. NMDA Receptors as Potential Therapeutic Targets in Diabetic Nephropathy: Increased Renal NMDA Receptor Subunit Expression in Akita Mice and Reduced Nephropathy Following Sustained Treatment With Memantine or MK-801. Diabetes 2016; 65:3139-50. [PMID: 27388219 PMCID: PMC5033270 DOI: 10.2337/db16-0209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are expressed throughout the kidney, and the abundance of these receptors and some of their endogenous agonists are increased in diabetes. Moreover, sustained activation of podocyte NMDA receptors induces Ca(2+) influx, oxidative stress, loss of slit diaphragm proteins, and apoptosis. We observed that NMDA receptor subunits and their transcripts are increased in podocytes and mesangial cells cultured in elevated glucose compared with controls. A similar increase in NMDA subunits, especially NR1, NR2A, and NR2C, was observed in glomeruli and tubules of Akita mice. Sustained continuous treatment with the strong NMDA receptor antagonist dizocilpine (MK-801) for 28 days starting at 8 weeks of age reduced 24-h albumin excretion and mesangial matrix expansion and improved glomerular ultrastructure in Akita mice. MK-801 did not alleviate reduced Akita mouse body weight and had no effect on kidney histology or ultrastructure in DBA/2J controls. The structurally dissimilar NMDA antagonist memantine also reduced diabetic nephropathy, although it was less effective than MK-801. Inhibition of NMDA receptors may represent a valid therapeutic approach to reduce renal complications of diabetes, and it is possible to develop well-tolerated agents with minimal central nervous system effects. Two such agents, memantine and dextromethorphan, are already in widespread clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hila Roshanravan
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Eun Young Kim
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Stuart E Dryer
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX Division of Nephrology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
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Weber GJ, Pushpakumar S, Tyagi SC, Sen U. Homocysteine and hydrogen sulfide in epigenetic, metabolic and microbiota related renovascular hypertension. Pharmacol Res 2016; 113:300-312. [PMID: 27602985 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Over the past several years, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been shown to be an important player in a variety of physiological functions, including neuromodulation, vasodilation, oxidant regulation, inflammation, and angiogenesis. H2S is synthesized primarily through metabolic processes from the amino acid cysteine and homocysteine in various organ systems including neuronal, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and kidney. Derangement of cysteine and homocysteine metabolism and clearance, particularly in the renal vasculature, leads to H2S biosynthesis deregulation causing or contributing to existing high blood pressure. While a variety of environmental influences, such as diet can have an effect on H2S regulation and function, genetic factors, and more recently epigenetics, also have a vital role in H2S regulation and function, and therefore disease initiation and progression. In addition, new research into the role of gut microbiota in the development of hypertension has highlighted the need to further explore these microorganisms and how they influence the levels of H2S throughout the body and possibly exploiting microbiota for use of hypertension treatment. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the field of hypertension research emphasizing renal contribution and how H2S physiology can be exploited as a possible therapeutic strategy to ameliorate kidney dysfunction as well as to control blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J Weber
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, United States
| | - Sathnur Pushpakumar
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, United States
| | - Suresh C Tyagi
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, United States
| | - Utpal Sen
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, United States.
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Gerő D, Torregrossa R, Perry A, Waters A, Le-Trionnaire S, Whatmore JL, Wood M, Whiteman M. The novel mitochondria-targeted hydrogen sulfide (H 2S) donors AP123 and AP39 protect against hyperglycemic injury in microvascular endothelial cells in vitro. Pharmacol Res 2016; 113:186-198. [PMID: 27565382 PMCID: PMC5113977 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The development of diabetic vascular complications is initiated, at least in part, by mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in endothelial cells. Hyperglycemia induces superoxide production in the mitochondria and initiates changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential that leads to mitochondrial dysfunction. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) supplementation has been shown to reduce the mitochondrial oxidant production and shows efficacy against diabetic vascular damage in vivo. However, the half-life of H2S is very short and it is not specific for the mitochondria. We have therefore evaluated two novel mitochondria-targeted anethole dithiolethione and hydroxythiobenzamide H2S donors (AP39 and AP123 respectively) at preventing hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and metabolic changes in microvascular endothelial cells in vitro. Hyperglycemia (HG) induced significant increase in the activity of the citric acid cycle and led to elevated mitochondrial membrane potential. Mitochondrial oxidant production was increased and the mitochondrial electron transport decreased in hyperglycemic cells. AP39 and AP123 (30–300 nM) decreased HG-induced hyperpolarisation of the mitochondrial membrane and inhibited the mitochondrial oxidant production. Both H2S donors (30–300 nM) increased the electron transport at respiratory complex III and improved the cellular metabolism. Targeting H2S to mitochondria retained the cytoprotective effect of H2S against glucose-induced damage in endothelial cells suggesting that the molecular target of H2S action is within the mitochondria. Mitochondrial targeting of H2S also induced >1000-fold increase in the potency of H2S against hyperglycemia-induced injury. The high potency and long-lasting effect elicited by these H2S donors strongly suggests that these compounds could be useful against diabetic vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domokos Gerő
- University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.
| | - Roberta Torregrossa
- University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK; Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, UK
| | - Alexis Perry
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, UK
| | | | - Sophie Le-Trionnaire
- IRSET-UMR INSERM U1085, Equipe 3-Stress, Membrane et Signalisation, Rennes Cedex, France
| | | | - Mark Wood
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, UK
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van den Born JC, Frenay ARS, Bakker SJ, Pasch A, Hillebrands JL, Lambers Heerspink HJ, van Goor H. High urinary sulfate concentration is associated with reduced risk of renal disease progression in type 2 diabetes. Nitric Oxide 2016; 55-56:18-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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van den Born JC, Hammes HP, Greffrath W, van Goor H, Hillebrands JL. Gasotransmitters in Vascular Complications of Diabetes. Diabetes 2016; 65:331-45. [PMID: 26798119 DOI: 10.2337/db15-1003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In the past decades three gaseous signaling molecules-so-called gasotransmitters-have been identified: nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). These gasotransmitters are endogenously produced by different enzymes in various cell types and play an important role in physiology and disease. Despite their specific functions, all gasotransmitters share the capacity to reduce oxidative stress, induce angiogenesis, and promote vasorelaxation. In patients with diabetes, a lower bioavailability of the different gasotransmitters is observed when compared with healthy individuals. As yet, it is unknown whether this reduction precedes or results from diabetes. The increased risk for vascular disease in patients with diabetes, in combination with the extensive clinical, financial, and societal burden, calls for action to either prevent or improve the treatment of vascular complications. In this Perspective, we present a concise overview of the current data on the bioavailability of gasotransmitters in diabetes and their potential role in the development and progression of diabetes-associated microvascular (retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy) and macrovascular (cerebrovascular, coronary artery, and peripheral arterial diseases) complications. Gasotransmitters appear to have both inhibitory and stimulatory effects in the course of vascular disease development. This Perspective concludes with a discussion on gasotransmitter-based interventions as a therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joost C van den Born
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hans-Peter Hammes
- 5th Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Greffrath
- Department of Neurophysiology, Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Harry van Goor
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan-Luuk Hillebrands
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Sen U, Pushpakumar S. Mini-review: diabetic renal complications, a potential stinky remedy. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016; 310:F119-22. [PMID: 26538437 PMCID: PMC4719040 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00299.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease is associated with vasculitis and is also an independent risk factor for peripheral vascular and coronary artery disease in diabetic patients. Despite optimal management, a significant number of patients progress toward end-stage renal disease (ESRD), a suggestion that the disease mechanism is far from clear. A reduction in hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been suggested to play a vital role in diabetic vascular complications including diabetic nephropathy (DN). This mini-review highlights the recent findings on the role of H2S in mitigating abnormal extracellular matrix metabolism in DN. A discussion on the development of the newer slow-releasing H2S compounds and its therapeutic potential is also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utpal Sen
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Sathnur Pushpakumar
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
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Intracellular Cleavage of the Cx43 C-Terminal Domain by Matrix-Metalloproteases: A Novel Contributor to Inflammation? Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:257471. [PMID: 26424967 PMCID: PMC4573893 DOI: 10.1155/2015/257471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The coordination of tissue function is mediated by gap junctions (GJs) that enable direct cell-cell transfer of metabolic and electric signals. GJs are formed by connexin (Cx) proteins of which Cx43 is most widespread in the human body. Beyond its role in direct intercellular communication, Cx43 also forms nonjunctional hemichannels (HCs) in the plasma membrane that mediate the release of paracrine signaling molecules in the extracellular environment. Both HC and GJ channel function are regulated by protein-protein interactions and posttranslational modifications that predominantly take place in the C-terminal domain of Cx43. Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) are a major group of zinc-dependent proteases, known to regulate not only extracellular matrix remodeling, but also processing of intracellular proteins. Together with Cx43 channels, both GJs and HCs, MMPs contribute to acute inflammation and a small number of studies reports on an MMP-Cx43 link. Here, we build further on these reports and present a novel hypothesis that describes proteolytic cleavage of the Cx43 C-terminal domain by MMPs and explores possibilities of how such cleavage events may affect Cx43 channel function. Finally, we set out how aberrant channel function resulting from cleavage can contribute to the acute inflammatory response during tissue injury.
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Cardiac H2S Generation Is Reduced in Ageing Diabetic Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:758358. [PMID: 26078817 PMCID: PMC4442299 DOI: 10.1155/2015/758358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Aims. To examine whether hydrogen sulfide (H2S) generation changed in ageing diabetic mouse hearts. Results. Compared to mice that were fed tap water only, mice that were fed 30% fructose solution for 15 months exhibited typical characteristics of a severe diabetic phenotype with cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and dysfunction. H2S levels in plasma, heart tissues, and urine were significantly reduced in these mice as compared to those in controls. The expression of the H2S-generating enzymes, cystathionine γ-lyase and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase, was significantly decreased in the hearts of fructose-fed mice, whereas cystathionine-β-synthase levels were significantly increased. Conclusion. Our results suggest that this ageing diabetic mouse model developed diabetic cardiomyopathy and that H2S levels were reduced in the diabetic heart due to alterations in three H2S-producing enzymes, which may be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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