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Gawargi FI, Shahshahan HR, Mishra PK. Tailoring transfection for cardiomyocyte cell lines: balancing efficiency and toxicity in lipid versus polymer-based transfection methods in H9c2 and HL-1 cells. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2024; 326:H1406-H1419. [PMID: 38607343 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00119.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular research relies heavily on the veracity of in vitro cardiomyocyte models, with H9c2 and HL-1 cell lines at the forefront due to their cardiomyocyte-like properties. However, the variability stemming from nonstandardized culturing and transfection methods poses a significant challenge to data uniformity and reliability. In this study, we introduce meticulously crafted protocols to enhance the culture and transfection of H9c2 and HL-1 cells, emphasizing the reduction of cytotoxic effects while improving transfection efficiency. Through the examination of polymer-based and lipid-based transfection methods, we offer a comparative analysis that underscores the heightened efficiency and reduced toxicity of these approaches. Our research provides an extensive array of step-by-step procedures designed to foster robust cell cultures and outlines troubleshooting practices to rectify issues of low transfection rates. We discuss the merits and drawbacks of both transfection techniques, equipping researchers with the knowledge to choose the most fitting method for their experimental goals. By offering a definitive guide to these cell lines' culturing and transfection, our work seeks to set a new standard in procedural consistency, ensuring that the cardiovascular research community can achieve more dependable and reproducible results, thereby pushing the boundaries of current methodologies toward impactful clinical applications.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We have developed standardized protocols that significantly reduce cytotoxicity and enhance transfection efficiency in H9c2 and HL-1 cardiomyocyte cell lines. Our detailed comparative analysis of polymer-based and lipid-based transfection methods has identified optimized approaches with superior performance. Accompanying these protocols are comprehensive troubleshooting strategies to address common issues related to low transfection rates. Implementing these protocols is expected to yield more consistent and reproducible results, driving the field of cardiovascular research toward impactful clinical breakthroughs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flobater I Gawargi
- Department of Cellular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmaha, Nebraska, United States
| | - Hamid R Shahshahan
- Department of Cellular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmaha, Nebraska, United States
| | - Paras K Mishra
- Department of Cellular and Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmaha, Nebraska, United States
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2
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Tang RF, Li WJ, Lu Y, Wang XX, Gao SY. LncRNA SNHG1 alleviates myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury by regulating the miR-137-3p/KLF4/TRPV1 axis. ESC Heart Fail 2024; 11:1009-1021. [PMID: 38234046 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) contributes to serious myocardial injury and even death. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to play pivotal roles in the occurrence and development of MIRI. Here, the detailed molecular mechanism of lncRNA SNHG1 in MIRI was explored. METHODS AND RESULTS A cell model of MIRI was established through hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) stimulation. Cell viability and pyroptosis were evaluated utilizing MTT, PI staining, and flow cytometry. Interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 secretion levels were examined by ELISA. The gene and protein expression were detected by RT-qPCR and western blot, respectively. Dual luciferase reporter gene, RIP and ChIP assays were performed to analyse the molecular interactions. The results showed that lncRNA SNHG1 overexpression alleviated H/R-induced HL-1 cell pyroptosis (all P < 0.05). LncRNA SNHG1 promoted KLF4 expression by sponging miR-137-3p. miR-137-3p silencing alleviated H/R-induced pyroptosis in HL-1 cells (all P < 0.05), which was abolished by KLF4 knockdown (all P < 0.05). KLF4 activated the AKT pathway by transcriptionally activating TRPV1 in HL-1 cells (all P < 0.05). TRPV1 knockdown reversed the alleviation of SNHG1 upregulation on H/R-induced pyroptosis in HL-1 cells (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These results showed that lncRNA SNHG1 assuaged cardiomyocyte pyroptosis during MIRI progression by regulating the KLF4/TRPV1/AKT axis through sponging miR-137-3p. Our findings may provide novel therapeutic targets for MIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Fu Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Wen-Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuan-Xuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Su-Yu Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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3
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Merten AL, Schöler U, Guo Y, Linsenmeier F, Martinac B, Friedrich O, Schürmann S. High-content method for mechanosignaling studies using IsoStretcher technology and quantitative Ca 2+ imaging applied to Piezo1 in cardiac HL-1 cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:140. [PMID: 38485771 PMCID: PMC10940437 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05159-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
The importance of mechanosensory transduction pathways in cellular signalling has prominently come to focus in the last decade with the discovery of the Piezo ion channel family. Mechanosignaling involving Piezo1 ion channels in the function of the heart and cardiovascular system has only recently been identified to have implications for cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology, in particular for heart failure (i.e., hypertrophy or dilative cardiomyopathy). These results have emphasized the need for higher throughput methods to study single-cell cardiovascular mechanobiology with the aim of identifying new targets for therapeutic interventions and stimulating the development of new pharmacological agents. Here, we present a novel method to assess mechanosignaling in adherent cardiac cells (murine HL-1 cell line) using a combination of isotropic cell stretch application and simultaneous Ca2+ fluorescence readout with quantitative analysis. The procedure implements our IsoStretcher technology in conjunction with a single-cell- and population-based analysis of Ca2+ signalling by means of automated image registration, cell segmentation and analysis, followed by automated classification of single-cell responses. The method is particularly valuable for assessing the heterogeneity of populations with distinct cellular responses to mechanical stimulation and provides more user-independent unbiased drug response classifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Lena Merten
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Paul-Gordan-Str. 3, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
- School in Advanced Optical Technologies, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 6, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Schöler
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Paul-Gordan-Str. 3, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
- School in Advanced Optical Technologies, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 6, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yang Guo
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, 405 Liverpool St, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Fabian Linsenmeier
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Paul-Gordan-Str. 3, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Boris Martinac
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, 405 Liverpool St, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Oliver Friedrich
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Paul-Gordan-Str. 3, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
- School in Advanced Optical Technologies, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 6, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, 405 Liverpool St, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Sebastian Schürmann
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Paul-Gordan-Str. 3, 91052, Erlangen, Germany.
- School in Advanced Optical Technologies, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 6, 91052, Erlangen, Germany.
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Li X, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Yin Y, Yuan X, You X, Wu J. Echinacoside Prevents Sepsis-Induced Myocardial Damage via Targeting SOD2. J Med Food 2024; 27:123-133. [PMID: 38100058 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.k.0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Echinacoside (ECH) is a prominent naturally occurring bioactive compound with effects of alleviating myocardial damage. We aimed to explore the beneficial effects of ECH against sepsis-induced myocardial damage and elucidate the potential mechanism. Echocardiography and Masson staining demonstrated that ECH alleviates cardiac function and fibrosis in the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model. Transcriptome profiling and network pharmacology analysis showed that there are 51 overlapping targets between sepsis-induced myocardial damage and ECH. Subsequently, chemical carcinogenesis-reactive oxygen species (ROS) were enriched in multiple targets. Wherein, SOD2 may be the potential target of ECH on sepsis-induced myocardial damage. Polymerase chain reaction results showed that ECH administration could markedly increase the expression of SOD2 and reduce the release of ROS. Combined with injecting the inhibitor of SOD2, the beneficial effect of ECH on mortality, cardiac function, and fibrosis was eliminated, and release of ROS was increased after inhibiting SOD2. ECH significantly alleviated myocardial damage in septic mice, and the therapeutic mechanism of ECH is achieved by upregulating SOD2 which decreased the release of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology (USST), Shanghai, China
| | - Zuojing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yibo Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinru Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xingji You
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jingxiang Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology (USST), Shanghai, China
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Liu J, Jiang J, He M, Chen J, Huang S, Liu Z, Yao C, Chen HJ, Xie X, Wang J. Nanopore Electroporation Device for DNA Transfection into Various Spreading and Nonadherent Cell Types. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:50015-50033. [PMID: 37853502 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Cell transfection plays a crucial role in the study of gene function and regulation of gene expression. The existing gene transfection methods, such as chemical carriers, viruses, electroporation, and microinjection, suffer from limitations, including cell type dependence, reliance on cellular endocytosis, low efficiency, safety concerns, and technical complexity. Nanopore-coupled electroporation offers a promising approach to localizing electric fields for efficient cell membrane perforation and nucleic acid transfection. However, the applicability of nanopore electroporation technology across different cell types lacks a systematic investigation. In this study, we explore the potential of nanopore electroporation for transfecting DNA plasmids into various cell types. Our nanopore electroporation device employs track-etched membranes as the core component. We find that nanopore electroporation efficiently transfects adherent cells, including well-spreading epithelial-like HeLa cells, cardiomyocyte-like HL-1 cells, and dendritic-cell-like DC2.4 cells. However, it shows a limited transfection efficiency in weakly spreading macrophages (RAW264.7) and suspension cells (Jurkat). To gain insights into these observations, we develop a COMSOL model, revealing that nanopore electroporation better localizes the electric field on adherent and well-spreading cells, promoting favorable membrane poration conditions. Our findings provide valuable references for advancing nanopore electroporation as a high-throughput, safe, and efficient gene transfection platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Jiang
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyi He
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengjie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanjie Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Jiuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Xie
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Wang
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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García-Quintáns N, Sacristán S, Márquez-López C, Sánchez-Ramos C, Martinez-de-Benito F, Siniscalco D, González-Guerra A, Camafeita E, Roche-Molina M, Lytvyn M, Morera D, Guillen MI, Sanguino MA, Sanz-Rosa D, Martín-Pérez D, Garcia R, Bernal JA. MYH10 activation rescues contractile defects in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM). Nat Commun 2023; 14:6461. [PMID: 37833253 PMCID: PMC10575922 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41981-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The most prevalent genetic form of inherited arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is caused by mutations in desmosomal plakophilin-2 (PKP2). By studying pathogenic deletion mutations in the desmosomal protein PKP2, here we identify a general mechanism by which PKP2 delocalization restricts actomyosin network organization and cardiac sarcomeric contraction in this untreatable disease. Computational modeling of PKP2 variants reveals that the carboxy-terminal (CT) domain is required for N-terminal domain stabilization, which determines PKP2 cortical localization and function. In mutant PKP2 cells the expression of the interacting protein MYH10 rescues actomyosin disorganization. Conversely, dominant-negative MYH10 mutant expression mimics the pathogenic CT-deletion PKP2 mutant causing actin network abnormalities and right ventricle systolic dysfunction. A chemical activator of non-muscle myosins, 4-hydroxyacetophenone (4-HAP), also restores normal contractility. Our findings demonstrate that activation of MYH10 corrects the deleterious effect of PKP2 mutant over systolic cardiac contraction, with potential implications for ACM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silvia Sacristán
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Fernando Martinez-de-Benito
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Siniscalco
- Materials Science Factory, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Emilio Camafeita
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Roche-Molina
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariya Lytvyn
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Morera
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María I Guillen
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María A Sanguino
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Sanz-Rosa
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Europea, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ricardo Garcia
- Materials Science Factory, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan A Bernal
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain.
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7
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Mordel P, Fontaine F, Dupas Q, Joubert M, Allouche S. Glucose fluctuation promotes mitochondrial dysfunctions in the cardiomyocyte cell line HL-1. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289475. [PMID: 37733770 PMCID: PMC10513336 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Glycemic variability has been suggested as a risk factor for diabetes complications but the precise deleterious mechanisms remain poorly understood. Since mitochondria are the main source of energy in heart and cardiovascular diseases remain the first cause of death in patients with diabetes, the aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of glucose swings on mitochondrial functions in the cardiomyocyte cell line HL-1. METHODS HL-1 cells were exposed to low (LG, 2.8 mmol/l), normal (NG, 5.5 mmol/l), high (HG, 25 mmol/l) or intermittent high glucose (IHG, swing between low and high) every 2h during 12h (short-time treatment) or every 12h during 72h (long-time treatment). Anaerobic catabolism of glucose was evaluated by measuring glucose consumption and lactate production, oxidative phosphorylation was evaluated by polarography and ATP measurement, mitochondrial superoxide anions and the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were analysed using fluorescent probes, and the protein oxidation was measured by oxyblot. RESULTS IHG and HG increased glucose consumption and lactate production compared to LG and NG but without any difference between short- and long-time treatments. After 72h and unlike to LG, NG and HG, we didn't observe any increase of the mitochondrial respiration in the presence of succinate upon IHG treatment. IHG, and to a lesser extent HG, promoted a time-dependent decrease of the mitochondrial membrane potential compared to LG and NG treatments. HG and IHG also increased superoxide anion production compared to LG and NG both at 12 and 72h but with a higher increase for IHG at 72h. At last, both HG and IHG stimulated protein oxidation at 72h compared to LG and NG treatments. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that exposure of HL-1 cells to glucose swings promoted time-dependent mitochondrial dysfunctions suggesting a deleterious effect of such condition in patients with diabetes that could contribute to diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Mordel
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, CHU Caen, Signalisation, Electrophysiologie et Imagerie des Lésions d’Ischémie-Reperfusion Myocardique, Caen, France
| | | | - Quentin Dupas
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, CHU Caen, Signalisation, Electrophysiologie et Imagerie des Lésions d’Ischémie-Reperfusion Myocardique, Caen, France
| | - Michael Joubert
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, CHU Caen, Signalisation, Electrophysiologie et Imagerie des Lésions d’Ischémie-Reperfusion Myocardique, Caen, France
- CHU de Caen, Diabetes Care Unit, Caen, France
| | - Stéphane Allouche
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, CHU Caen, Signalisation, Electrophysiologie et Imagerie des Lésions d’Ischémie-Reperfusion Myocardique, Caen, France
- Department of Biochemistry, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
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8
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Zhang C, Sun Y, Chen Z. An Efficient and Reproducible Method for the Isolation and Culture of Primary Cardiomyocytes from Adult Zebrafish. Zebrafish 2023. [PMID: 37262192 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2023.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish is a popular animal model in regeneration studies due to their ability to regenerate the heart. Primary cardiomyocytes could be an alternative tool for studying the intrinsic mechanisms of cardiovascular disease in vitro. Thus, our objective is to develop an efficient protocol to isolate primary cardiomyocytes from zebrafish hearts. Low concentration of digestive enzyme (0.5 mg/mL collagenase type II) was utilized in our protocol to obtain single-cell suspension. The ventricles were fragmented, mechanically pipetted, and constantly shaken to ensure adequate contact between the tissues and the enzyme. Preplating the cell suspension onto culture plates for 2 h helped remove cardiac fibroblasts. The purity of isolated cells was validated by flow cytometry analysis of transgenic zebrafish with cardiomyocyte-specific expression of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) or endothelial cell-specific expression of mCherry. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed a high level of the purity, with cardiac fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and epicardial cell markers scarcely detected in the purified cells. Altogether, this study established a reproducible protocol for isolating primary cardiomyocytes with high purity and activity from adult zebrafish hearts that can be cultured in vitro for up to 4 weeks. This protocol provides a valuable tool for studying the intrinsic mechanisms of cardiovascular disease in vitro using primary cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyi Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenyue Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Actis Dato V, Paz MC, Rey FE, Sánchez MC, Llorente-Cortés V, Chiabrando GA, Ceschin DG. Transcriptional analysis reveals that the intracellular lipid accumulation impairs gene expression profiles involved in insulin response-associated cardiac functionality. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8761. [PMID: 37253991 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35951-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a multisystemic and multicellular pathology that is generally associated with high levels of atherogenic lipoproteins in circulation. These lipoproteins tend to be retained and modified, for example, aggregated low-density lipoprotein (aggLDL), in the extracellular matrix of different tissues, such as the vascular wall and heart. The uptake of aggLDL generates a significant increase in cholesteryl ester (CE) in these tissues. We previously found that the accumulation of CE generates alterations in the insulin response in the heart. Although the insulin response is mainly associated with the uptake and metabolism of glucose, other studies have shown that insulin would fulfill functions in this tissue, such as regulating the calcium cycle and cardiac contractility. Here, we found that aggLDL induced-lipid accumulation altered the gene expression profile involved in processes essential for cardiac functionality, including insulin response and glucose uptake (Insr, Ins1, Pik3ip1, Slc2a4 gene expression), calcium cycle (Cacna1s and Gjc2 gene expression) and calcium-dependent cardiac contractility (Myh3), and cholesterol efflux (Abca1), in HL-1 cardiomyocytes. These observations were recapitulated using an in vivo model of hypercholesterolemic ApoE-KO mice. Altogether, these results may explain the deleterious effect of lipid accumulation in the myocardium, with important implications for lipid-overloaded associated CVD, including impaired insulin response, disrupted lipid metabolism, altered cardiac structure, and increased susceptibility to cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Actis Dato
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María C Paz
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Federico E Rey
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1550 Linden Dr., Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - María C Sánchez
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Vicenta Llorente-Cortés
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB)-Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08041, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28019, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gustavo A Chiabrando
- Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Biomédicas de Córdoba (IUCBC), Centro de Investigación en Medicina Traslacional "Severo R. Amuchástegui" (CIMETSA); G.V. al Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra (INIMEC-CONICET-UNC), Av. Naciones Unidas 420, Barrio Parque Vélez Sarsfield, X5016KEJ, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Danilo G Ceschin
- Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Biomédicas de Córdoba (IUCBC), Centro de Investigación en Medicina Traslacional "Severo R. Amuchástegui" (CIMETSA); G.V. al Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra (INIMEC-CONICET-UNC), Av. Naciones Unidas 420, Barrio Parque Vélez Sarsfield, X5016KEJ, Córdoba, Argentina.
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Pietrafesa G, De Zio R, Scorza SI, Armentano MF, Pepe M, Forleo C, Procino G, Gerbino A, Svelto M, Carmosino M. Targeting unfolded protein response reverts ER stress and ER Ca 2+ homeostasis in cardiomyocytes expressing the pathogenic variant of Lamin A/C R321X. J Transl Med 2023; 21:340. [PMID: 37217929 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04170-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously demonstrated that an Italian family affected by a severe dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) with history of sudden deaths at young age, carried a mutation in the Lmna gene encoding for a truncated variant of the Lamin A/C protein (LMNA), R321X. When expressed in heterologous systems, such variant accumulates into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), inducing the activation of the PERK-CHOP pathway of the unfolded protein response (UPR), ER dysfunction and increased rate of apoptosis. The aim of this work was to analyze whether targeting the UPR can be used to revert the ER dysfunction associated with LMNA R321X expression in HL-1 cardiac cells. METHODS HL-1 cardiomyocytes stably expressing LMNA R321X were used to assess the ability of 3 different drugs targeting the UPR, salubrinal, guanabenz and empagliflozin to rescue ER stress and dysfunction. In these cells, the state of activation of both the UPR and the pro-apoptotic pathway were analyzed monitoring the expression levels of phospho-PERK, phospho-eIF2α, ATF4, CHOP and PARP-CL. In addition, we measured ER-dependent intracellular Ca2+ dynamics as indicator of proper ER functionality. RESULTS We found that salubrinal and guanabenz increased the expression levels of phospho-eIF2α and downregulated the apoptosis markers CHOP and PARP-CL in LMNA R321X-cardiomyocytes, maintaining the so-called adaptive UPR. These drugs also restored ER ability to handle Ca2+ in these cardiomyocytes. Interestingly, we found that empagliflozin downregulated the apoptosis markers CHOP and PARP-CL shutting down the UPR itself through the inhibition of PERK phosphorylation in LMNA R321X-cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, upon empagliflozin treatment, ER homeostasis, in terms of ER ability to store and release intracellular Ca2+ was also restored in these cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSIONS We provided evidence that the different drugs, although interfering with different steps of the UPR, were able to counteract pro-apoptotic processes and to preserve the ER homeostasis in R321X LMNA-cardiomyocytes. Of note, two of the tested drugs, guanabenz and empagliflozin, are already used in the clinical practice, thus providing preclinical evidence for ready-to-use therapies in patients affected by the LMNA R321X associated cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giusy Pietrafesa
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - Roberta De Zio
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Simona Ida Scorza
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Martino Pepe
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Cinzia Forleo
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Procino
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Gerbino
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Svelto
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Monica Carmosino
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy.
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11
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Li Q, Fang Y, Peng DW, Li LA, Deng CY, Yang H, Kuang SJ, Li QQ, Zhang MZ, Zeng P, Zhang QH, Liu Y, Deng H, Wei W, Xue YM, Wu SL, Rao F. Sacubitril/valsartan reduces susceptibility to atrial fibrillation by improving atrial remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 952:175754. [PMID: 37182595 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
AIM Sacubitril/valsartan (Sac/Val, LCZ696), the world's first angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNi), has been widely used in the treatment of heart failure. However, the use of Sac/Val in the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF), especially AF with hypertension, has been less reported. We investigated the effect of Sac/Val on atrial remodeling and hypertension-related AF. METHODS The AF induction rate and electrophysiological characteristics of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) treated with Sac/Val or Val were detected by rapid atrial pacing and electrical mapping/optical mapping. The whole-cell patch-clamp and western blot were used to observe electrical/structural remodeling of atrial myocytes/tissue of rats and atrium-derived HL-1 cells cultured under 40 mmHg in vitro. RESULTS Sac/Val was superior to Val in reducing blood pressure, myocardial hypertrophy and susceptibility of AF in SHRs. The shorten action potentials duration (APD), decreased L type calcium channel current (ICa,L) and Cav1.2, increased ultrarapid delayed rectified potassium current (Ikur) and Kv1.5 in atrial myocytes/tissue of SHRs could be better improved by Sac/Val, as well as the levels of atrial fibrosis. While the protein expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme-1 (ACE-1), angiotensin, angiotensin II type I AT1 receptor (AT1R) and neprilysin (NEP) were increased, which could be more effective ameliorated by Sac/Val than Val. Furthermore, Val + Sacubitrilat (LBQ657) (an active NEP inhibitor) was also superior to LBQ657 or Val in improving the electrical and structural remodeling of HL-1 cells through inhibiting NEP. CONCLUSION Sac/Val can improve atrial structural and electrical remodeling induced by hypertension and reduce the AF susceptibility by inhibiting RAS and NEP. The above effects of Sac/Val were superior to Val alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, PR China; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, PR China; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - De-Wei Peng
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, PR China; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Lu-An Li
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, PR China; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Chun-Yu Deng
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, PR China; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Hui Yang
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, PR China; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Su-Juan Kuang
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, PR China; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Qiao-Qiao Li
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, PR China; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Meng-Zhen Zhang
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, PR China; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Peng Zeng
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, PR China; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Qian-Huan Zhang
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, PR China; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, PR China; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Hai Deng
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, PR China; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Wei Wei
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, PR China; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Yu-Mei Xue
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, PR China; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China.
| | - Shu-Lin Wu
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, PR China; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China.
| | - Fang Rao
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, PR China; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China.
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Papini G, Furini G, Matteucci M, Biemmi V, Casieri V, Di Lascio N, Milano G, Chincoli LR, Faita F, Barile L, Lionetti V. Cardiomyocyte-targeting exosomes from sulforaphane-treated fibroblasts affords cardioprotection in infarcted rats. J Transl Med 2023; 21:313. [PMID: 37161563 PMCID: PMC10169450 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04155-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exosomes (EXOs), tiny extracellular vesicles that facilitate cell-cell communication, are being explored as a heart failure treatment, although the features of the cell source restrict their efficacy. Fibroblasts the most prevalent non-myocyte heart cells, release poor cardioprotective EXOs. A noninvasive method for manufacturing fibroblast-derived exosomes (F-EXOs) that target cardiomyocytes and slow cardiac remodeling is expected. As a cardioprotective isothiocyanate, sulforaphane (SFN)-induced F-EXOs (SFN-F-EXOs) should recapitulate its anti-remodeling properties. METHODS Exosomes from low-dose SFN (3 μM/7 days)-treated NIH/3T3 murine cells were examined for number, size, and protein composition. Fluorescence microscopy, RT-qPCR, and western blot assessed cell size, oxidative stress, AcH4 levels, hypertrophic gene expression, and caspase-3 activation in angiotensin II (AngII)-stressed HL-1 murine cardiomyocytes 12 h-treated with various EXOs. The uptake of fluorescently-labeled EXOs was also measured in cardiomyocytes. The cardiac function of infarcted male Wistar rats intramyocardially injected with different EXOs (1·1012) was examined by echocardiography. Left ventricular infarct size, hypertrophy, and capillary density were measured. RESULTS Sustained treatment of NIH/3T3 with non-toxic SFN concentration significantly enhances the release of CD81 + EXOs rich in TSG101 (Tumor susceptibility gene 101) and Hsp70 (Heat Shock Protein 70), and containing maspin, an endogenous histone deacetylase 1 inhibitor. SFN-F-EXOs counteract angiotensin II (AngII)-induced hypertrophy and apoptosis in murine HL-1 cardiomyocytes enhancing SERCA2a (sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase 2a) levels more effectively than F-EXOs. In stressed cardiomyocytes, SFN-F-EXOs boost AcH4 levels by 30% (p < 0.05) and significantly reduce oxidative stress more than F-EXOs. Fluorescence microscopy showed that mouse cardiomyocytes take in SFN-F-EXOs ~ threefold more than F-EXOs. Compared to vehicle-injected infarcted hearts, SFN-F-EXOs reduce hypertrophy, scar size, and improve contractility. CONCLUSIONS Long-term low-dose SFN treatment of fibroblasts enhances the release of anti-remodeling cardiomyocyte-targeted F-EXOs, which effectively prevent the onset of HF. The proposed method opens a new avenue for large-scale production of cardioprotective exosomes for clinical application using allogeneic fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Papini
- Unit of Translational Critical Care Medicine, Laboratory of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, The Interdisciplinary Research Center "Health Science", Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Via G. Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Furini
- Unit of Translational Critical Care Medicine, Laboratory of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, The Interdisciplinary Research Center "Health Science", Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Via G. Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
- Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, UOSVD, Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Matteucci
- Unit of Translational Critical Care Medicine, Laboratory of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, The Interdisciplinary Research Center "Health Science", Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Via G. Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Vanessa Biemmi
- Cardiovascular Theranostics, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino, Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università Svizzera Italiana, 6900, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Valentina Casieri
- Unit of Translational Critical Care Medicine, Laboratory of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, The Interdisciplinary Research Center "Health Science", Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Via G. Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Nicole Di Lascio
- Unit of Translational Critical Care Medicine, Laboratory of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, The Interdisciplinary Research Center "Health Science", Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Via G. Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Milano
- Cardiovascular Theranostics, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino, Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Lucia Rosa Chincoli
- Unit of Translational Critical Care Medicine, Laboratory of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, The Interdisciplinary Research Center "Health Science", Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Via G. Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Lucio Barile
- Unit of Translational Critical Care Medicine, Laboratory of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, The Interdisciplinary Research Center "Health Science", Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Via G. Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
- Cardiovascular Theranostics, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino, Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università Svizzera Italiana, 6900, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Vincenzo Lionetti
- Unit of Translational Critical Care Medicine, Laboratory of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, The Interdisciplinary Research Center "Health Science", Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Via G. Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
- Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, UOSVD, Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.
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Koncz A, Turiák L, Németh K, Lenzinger D, Bárkai T, Lőrincz P, Zelenyánszki H, Vukman KV, Buzás EI, Visnovitz T. Endoplasmin Is a Hypoxia-Inducible Endoplasmic Reticulum-Derived Cargo of Extracellular Vesicles Released by Cardiac Cell Lines. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:431. [PMID: 37103858 PMCID: PMC10142439 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13040431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Cardiomyopathies are leading causes of human mortality. Recent data indicate that the cardiomyocyte-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) released upon cardiac injury are present in circulation. This paper aimed to analyze EVs released under normal and hypoxic conditions by H9c2 (rat), AC16 (human) and HL1 (mouse) cardiac cell lines. Small (sEVs), medium (mEVs) and large EVs (lEVs) were separated from a conditioned medium by a combination of gravity filtration, differential centrifugation and tangential flow filtration. The EVs were characterized by microBCA, SPV lipid assay, nanoparticle tracking analysis, transmission and immunogold electron microscopy, flow cytometry and Western blotting. Proteomic profiles of the EVs were determined. Surprisingly, an endoplasmic reticulum chaperone, endoplasmin (ENPL, grp94 or gp96), was identified in the EV samples, and its association with EVs was validated. The secretion and uptake of ENPL was followed by confocal microscopy using GFP-ENPL fusion protein expressing HL1 cells. We identified ENPL as an internal cargo of cardiomyocyte-derived mEVs and sEVs. Based on our proteomic analysis, its presence in EVs was linked to hypoxia in HL1 and H9c2 cells, and we hypothesize that EV-associated ENPL may have a cardioprotective role by reducing cardiomyocyte ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Koncz
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lilla Turiák
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Németh
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
- ELKH-SE Translational Extracellular Vesicle Research Group, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dorina Lenzinger
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tünde Bárkai
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Lőrincz
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/c, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Helga Zelenyánszki
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/c, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztina V. Vukman
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edit I. Buzás
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
- ELKH-SE Translational Extracellular Vesicle Research Group, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
- HCEMM-SU Extracellular Vesicle Research Group, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Visnovitz
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/c, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
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14
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Dato VA, Paz MC, Rey FE, Sánchez MC, Llorente-Cortés V, Chiabrando GA, Ceschin DG. Transcriptional analysis reveals that the intracellular lipid accumulation impairs gene expression profiles involved in insulin response-associated cardiac functionality. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2688729. [PMID: 37066247 PMCID: PMC10104258 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2688729/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a multisystemic and multicellular pathology that is generally associated with high levels of atherogenic lipoproteins in circulation. These lipoproteins tend to be retained and modified, for example, aggregated low-density lipoprotein (aggLDL), in the extracellular matrix of different tissues, such as the vascular wall and heart. The uptake of aggLDL generates a significant increase in cholesteryl ester (CE) in these tissues. We previously found that the accumulation of CE generates alterations in the insulin response in the heart. Although the insulin response is mainly associated with the uptake and metabolism of glucose, other studies have shown that insulin would fulfill functions in this tissue, such as regulating the calcium cycle and cardiac contractility. Here, we found that aggLDL induced-lipid accumulation altered the gene expression profile involved in processes essential for cardiac functionality, including insulin response and glucose uptake ( Insr , Ins1 , Pik3ip1 , Slc2a4 gene expression), calcium cycle ( Cacna1s and Gjc2 gene expression) and calcium-dependent cardiac contractility ( Myh3 ), and cholesterol efflux ( Abca1 ), in HL-1 cardiomyocytes. These observations were recapitulated using an in vivo model of hypercholesterolemic ApoE-KO mice. Altogether, these results may explain the deleterious effect of lipid accumulation in the myocardium, with important implications for lipid-overloaded associated CVD.
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Continuous In Vitro Culture of Babesia duncani in a Serum-Free Medium. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030482. [PMID: 36766823 PMCID: PMC9914146 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Human babesiosis is an emerging tick-borne disease, caused by haemoprotozoa genus of Babesia. Cases of transfusion-transmitted and naturally acquired Babesia infection have been reported worldwide in recent years and causing a serious public health problem. Babesia duncani is one of the important pathogens of human babesiosis, which seriously endangers human health. The in vitro culture systems of B. duncani have been previously established, and it requires fetal bovine serum (FBS) to support long-term proliferation. However, there are no studies on serum-free in vitro culture of B. duncani. In this study, we reported that B. duncani achieved long-term serum-free culture in VP-SFM AGTTM (VP-SFM) supplemented with AlbuMaxTM I. The effect of adding different dilutions of AlbuMaxTM I to VP-SFM showed that 2 mg/mL AlbuMaxTM I had the best B. duncani growth curve with a maximum percentage of parasitized erythrocytes (PPE) of over 40%, and it can be used for long-term in vitro culture of B. duncani. However, the commonly used 20% serum-supplemented medium only achieves 20% PPE. Clearly, VP-SFM with 2 mg/mL AlbuMaxTM I (VP-SFMA) is more suitable for the in vitro proliferation of B. duncani. VP-SFM supplemented with CD lipid mixture was also tested, and the results showed it could support the parasite growth at 1:100 dilution with the highest PPE of 40%, which is similar to that of 2 mg/mL AlbuMaxTM I. However, the CD lipid mixture was only able to support the in vitro culture of B. duncani for 8 generations, while VP-SFMA could be used for long-term culture. To test the pathogenicity, the VP-SFMA cultured B. duncani was also subjected to hamster infection. Results showed that the hamster developed dyspnea and chills on day 7 with 30% PPE before treatment, which is similar to the symptoms with un-cultured B. duncani. This study develops a unique and reliable basis for further understanding of the physiological mechanisms, growth characteristics, and pathogenesis of babesiosis, and provides good laboratory material for the development of drugs or vaccines for human babesiosis and possibly other parasitic diseases.
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McIvor MJ, Ó Maolmhuaidh F, Meenagh A, Hussain S, Bhattacharya G, Fishlock S, Ward J, McFerran A, Acheson JG, Cahill PA, Forster R, McEneaney DJ, Boyd AR, Meenan BJ. 3D Fabrication and Characterisation of Electrically Receptive PCL-Graphene Scaffolds for Bioengineered In Vitro Tissue Models. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:9030. [PMID: 36556835 PMCID: PMC9783119 DOI: 10.3390/ma15249030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Polycaprolactone (PCL) is a well-established biomaterial, offering extensive mechanical attributes along with low cost, biocompatibility, and biodegradability; however, it lacks hydrophilicity, bioactivity, and electrical conductivity. Advances in 3D fabrication technologies allow for these sought-after attributes to be incorporated into the scaffolds during fabrication. In this study, solvent-free Fused Deposition Modelling was employed to fabricate 3D scaffolds from PCL with increasing amounts of graphene (G), in the concentrations of 0.75, 1.5, 3, and 6% (w/w). The PCL+G scaffolds created were characterised physico-chemically, electrically, and biologically. Raman spectroscopy demonstrated that the scaffold outer surface contained both PCL and G, with the G component relatively uniformly distributed. Water contact angle measurement demonstrated that as the amount of G in the scaffold increases (0.75-6% w/w), hydrophobicity decreases; mean contact angle for pure PCL was recorded as 107.22 ± 9.39°, and that with 6% G (PCL+6G) as 77.56 ± 6.75°. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy demonstrated a marked increase in electroactivity potential with increasing G concentration. Cell viability results indicated that even the smallest addition of G (0.75%) resulted in a significant improvement in electroactivity potential and bioactivity compared with that for pure PCL, with 1.5 and 3% exhibiting the highest statistically significant increases in cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Josephine McIvor
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), School of Engineering, Ulster University, 2-24 York Street, Belfast BT15 1AP, UK
| | - Fionn Ó Maolmhuaidh
- The National Centre for Sensor Research, School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Aidan Meenagh
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), School of Engineering, Ulster University, 2-24 York Street, Belfast BT15 1AP, UK
| | - Shahzad Hussain
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), School of Engineering, Ulster University, 2-24 York Street, Belfast BT15 1AP, UK
| | - Gourav Bhattacharya
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), School of Engineering, Ulster University, 2-24 York Street, Belfast BT15 1AP, UK
| | - Sam Fishlock
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), School of Engineering, Ulster University, 2-24 York Street, Belfast BT15 1AP, UK
| | - Joanna Ward
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), School of Engineering, Ulster University, 2-24 York Street, Belfast BT15 1AP, UK
| | - Aoife McFerran
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), School of Engineering, Ulster University, 2-24 York Street, Belfast BT15 1AP, UK
| | - Jonathan G. Acheson
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), School of Engineering, Ulster University, 2-24 York Street, Belfast BT15 1AP, UK
| | - Paul A. Cahill
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Robert Forster
- The National Centre for Sensor Research, School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - David J. McEneaney
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Craigavon Area Hospital, 68 Lurgan Road, Portadown, Co., Armagh BT63 5QQ, UK
| | - Adrian R. Boyd
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), School of Engineering, Ulster University, 2-24 York Street, Belfast BT15 1AP, UK
| | - Brian J. Meenan
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), School of Engineering, Ulster University, 2-24 York Street, Belfast BT15 1AP, UK
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Xue Y, Zhang J, Ke J, Zeng L, Cheng K, Han X, Chen F, Chen F. LncGBP9 knockdown alleviates myocardial inflammation and apoptosis in mice with acute viral myocarditis via suppressing NF-κB signaling pathway. Inflamm Res 2022; 71:1559-1576. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01644-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Chaturvedi P, Kalani A, Chaturvedi P, Kalani K, Verma VK, Tyagi SC. Exercise mitigates calpain induced Purkinje cell loss in diabetes. Life Sci 2022; 308:120982. [PMID: 36150460 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Calpain-1 is a ubiquitous calcium dependent cysteine protease and found in cytoplasm as well as mitochondria. We have earlier reported that active calpain-1 is translocated from cytosol to mitochondria and activates MMP9. Calpain-1 activation is detrimental to the heart in several different ways, but there is little evidence that it can degrade Purkinje cell protein (PCP-4) and impair contractility in diabetes. Our hypothesis is that in diabetes, PCP-4 is degraded by calpain-1, causing contractile dysfunction that can be mitigated by exercise. To test this hypothesis, we recruited four groups of mice, 1) db/+ control, 2) db/+ with exercise, 3) db/db, 4) db/db with exercise. The mice were exercised on treadmill for 8 weeks as per American Veterinary Research Guidelines. Adding calcium to isolated cardiomyocytes caused them to lose shape and die. Compared with live myocytes, we observed high calpain-1 levels as well as significantly lower levels of PCP-4 and increased levels of calmodulin and calmodulin kinase II (CaMKII) in dead myocytes. We used the CRISPR/Cas9 (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) plasmid to knock down calpain-1 in HL-1 myocytes which restored the levels of PCP-4 along with calmodulin and CaMKII. In vivo, we found upregulated levels of calpain-1 in db/db mice (diabetic) as compared to db/+ which were mitigated in the exercised mice. Conclusively our data strongly suggests that in diabetes there is high induction of calpain-1 with degrades PCP-4, a protein important for contractility and exercise can mitigate this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Chaturvedi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Anuradha Kalani
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, U.P., India.
| | - Poonam Chaturvedi
- Department of Physiotherapy, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Komal Kalani
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology Sciences and Engineering Building, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Vinod K Verma
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, U.P., India
| | - Suresh C Tyagi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville, KY, USA
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Jorgensen AN, Abdullah CS, Bhuiyan MS, Watt M, Dominic P, Kolluru GK, Kevil CG, Nam HW. Neurogranin regulates calcium-dependent cardiac hypertrophy. Exp Mol Pathol 2022; 127:104815. [PMID: 35870494 PMCID: PMC11118017 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2022.104815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular Ca2+-calmodulin (CaM) signaling plays an important role in Ca2+-CaM-dependent kinase (CaMKII) and calcineurin (CaN)-mediated cardiac biology. While neurogranin (Ng) is known as a major Ca2+-CaM modulator in the brain, its pathophysiological role in cardiac hypertrophy has never been studied before. In the present study, we report that Ng is expressed in the heart and depletion of Ng dysregulates Ca2+ homeostasis and promotes cardiac failure in mice. 10-month-old Ng null mice demonstrate significantly increased heart-to-body weight ratios compared to wild-type. Using histological approaches, we identified that depletion of Ng increases cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and collagen deposition near perivascular areas in the heart tissue of Ng null mice. Ca2+ spark experiments revealed that cardiac myocytes isolated from Ng null mice have decreased spark frequency and width, while the duration of sparks is significantly increased. We also identified that a lack of Ng increases CaMKIIδ signaling and periostin protein expression in these mouse hearts. Overall, we are the first study to explore how Ng expression in the heart plays an important role in Ca2+ homeostasis in cardiac myocytes as well as the pathophysiology of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashton N Jorgensen
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, United States of America
| | - Chowdhury S Abdullah
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, United States of America
| | - Md Shenuarin Bhuiyan
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, United States of America
| | - Megan Watt
- Devision of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, United States of America
| | - Paari Dominic
- Devision of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, United States of America
| | - Gopi K Kolluru
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, United States of America
| | - Christopher G Kevil
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, United States of America
| | - Hyung W Nam
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, United States of America.
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20
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Effects of Sacubitril/Valsartan on the Expression of CaMKII/Cav1.2 in Atrial Fibrillation Stimulation Rabbit Model. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/5832543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is linked to high morbidity and death rates throughout the world due to limited therapeutic options and thus presents a major challenge to the developed and developing countries. In this study, we aim to investigate the influence of sacubitril/valsartan (sac/val) treatment on the calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII)/Cav1.2 expression in AF models. Methods. Overall, 18 rabbits were randomly divided into control, pacing (600 beats/min), and pacing+sac/val groups. The rabbits in the pacing+sac/val cohort received oral sac/val (10 mg/kg twice daily) across the 21-day investigation period. After three weeks, the atrial effective refractory period (AERP) and AF induction rate were compared. HL-1 cultures were exposed to fast pacing (24 h) with and without LBQ657 (active sacubitril form)/valsartan. Western blots were used for detecting Cav1.2 and CaMKII expression within atrial muscles of the rabbits and HL-1 cultures of AF model. Results. In comparison to the sham cohort, the AF induction rate was markedly increased together with AERP reduction within pacing cohort. Such changes were markedly rescued through sac/val treatment in pacing+sac/val cohort. The proteomic expression profiles of CaMKII and Cav1.2 showed that the CaMKII expression was markedly upregulated, while Cav1.2 expression was downregulated in the pacing cohort. Importantly, these effects were absent in pacing+sac/val cohort. Conclusion. Results of this study show that sac/val treatment regulates the expression of CaMKII/Cav1.2 and could alter this pathway in atrial rapid electrical stimulation models. Therefore, this investigation could contribute to a novel strategy in AF therapeutics in clinical settings.
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21
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Lamonzie E, Vaillant F, Abell E, Charron S, El Hamrani D, Quesson B, Brette F. Assessment of Cardiac Toxicity of Manganese Chloride for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance. Front Physiol 2022; 13:952043. [PMID: 35874541 PMCID: PMC9302587 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.952043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MRI is widely used in cardiology to characterize the structure and function of the heart. Currently, gadolinium-based contrast agents are widely used to improve sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic images. Recently, Manganese, a calcium analogue, has emerged as a complementary contrast agent with the potential to reveal remaining viable cells within altered tissue. Imaging applications may be limited by substantial toxicity of manganese. Indeed, cardiac safety of manganese is not yet comprehensively assessed. In this study we investigated the effect of MnCl2 (1–100 µM) on cardiac function. Hemodynamic function was determined ex vivo using an isolated working rat heart preparation. HL-1 cardiac myocytes were used to investigate cell viability (calcein AM) and calcium cycling (Cal-520 a.m.). Rat ventricular cardiomyocytes were dissociated by enzymatic digestion. Action potentials and calcium currents were recorded using the patch clamp technique. MRI experiments were performed at 1.5T on formalin-fixed rat hearts, previously perfused with MnCl2. MnCl2 perfusion from 1 up to 100 µM in isolated working hearts did not alter left ventricular hemodynamic parameters. Contractility and relaxation index were not altered up to 50 µM MnCl2. In HL-1 cardiac myocytes, incubation with increasing concentrations of MnCl2 did not impact cell viability. The amplitude of the calcium transients were significantly reduced at 50 and 100 µM MnCl2. In freshly isolated ventricular myocytes, action potential duration at 20, 50 and 90% of repolarization were not modified up to 10 µM of MnCl2. L-type calcium current amplitude was significantly decreased by 50 and 100 µM of MnCl2. MRI on heart perfused with 25 and 100 µM of MnCl2 showed a dose dependent decrease in the T1 relaxation time. In conclusion, our results show that low concentrations of MnCl2 (up to 25 µM) can be used as a contrast agent in MRI, without significant impact on cardiac hemodynamic or electrophysiology parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Lamonzie
- Univ, Bordeaux, CRCTB, Inserm, Bordeaux, France
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Bordeaux, France
| | - Fanny Vaillant
- Univ, Bordeaux, CRCTB, Inserm, Bordeaux, France
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Bordeaux, France
| | - Emma Abell
- Univ, Bordeaux, CRCTB, Inserm, Bordeaux, France
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Dounia El Hamrani
- Univ, Bordeaux, CRCTB, Inserm, Bordeaux, France
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Bordeaux, France
| | - Bruno Quesson
- Univ, Bordeaux, CRCTB, Inserm, Bordeaux, France
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Bordeaux, France
| | - Fabien Brette
- Univ, Bordeaux, CRCTB, Inserm, Bordeaux, France
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Bordeaux, France
- *Correspondence: Fabien Brette,
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22
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Singh P, Pal AC, Mamoun CB. An Alternative Culture Medium for Continuous In Vitro Propagation of the Human Pathogen Babesia duncani in Human Erythrocytes. Pathogens 2022; 11:599. [PMID: 35631120 PMCID: PMC9146245 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11050599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Continuous propagation of Babesia duncani in vitro in human erythrocytes and the availability of a mouse model of B. duncani lethal infection make this parasite an ideal model to study Babesia biology and pathogenesis. Two culture media, HL-1 and Claycomb, with proprietary formulations are the only culture media known to support the parasite growth in human erythrocytes; however, the HL-1 medium has been discontinued and the Claycomb medium is often unavailable leading to major interruptions in the study of this pathogen. To identify alternative media conditions, we evaluated the growth of B. duncani in various culture media with well-defined compositions. We report that the DMEM-F12 culture medium supports the continuous growth of the parasite in human erythrocytes to levels equal to those achieved in the HL-1 and Claycomb media. We generated new clones of B. duncani from the parental WA-1 clinical isolate after three consecutive subcloning events in this medium. All clones showed a multiplication rate in vitro similar to that of the WA-1 parental isolate and cause fatal infection in C3H/HeJ mice. The culture medium, which can be readily reconstituted from its individual components, and the tools and resources developed here will facilitate the study of B. duncani.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Choukri Ben Mamoun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; (P.S.); (A.C.P.)
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23
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Lopes ECP, Paim LR, Carvalho-Romano LFRS, Marques ER, Minin EOZ, Vegian CFL, Pio-Magalhães JA, Velloso LA, Coelho-Filho OR, Sposito AC, Matos-Souza JR, Nadruz W, Schreiber R. Relationship Between Circulating MicroRNAs and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Hypertensive Patients. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:798954. [PMID: 35498018 PMCID: PMC9043518 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.798954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a common complication of hypertension and microRNAs (miRNAs) are considered to play an important role in cardiac hypertrophy development. This study evaluated the relationship between circulating miRNAs and LVH in hypertensive patients. Methods Two cohorts [exploratory (n = 42) and validation (n = 297)] of hypertensive patients were evaluated by clinical, laboratory and echocardiography analysis. The serum expression of 754 miRNAs in the exploratory cohort and 6 miRNAs in the validation cohort was evaluated by the TaqMan OpenArray® system and quantitative polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Results Among the 754 analyzed miRNAs, ten miRNAs (miR-30a-5p, miR-let7c, miR-92a, miR-451, miR-145-5p, miR-185, miR-338, miR-296, miR-375, and miR-10) had differential expression between individuals with and without LVH in the exploratory cohort. Results of multivariable regression analysis adjusted for confounding variables showed that three miRNAs (miR-145-5p, miR-451, and miR-let7c) were independently associated with LVH and left ventricular mass index in the validation cohort. Functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that these three miRNAs can regulate various genes and pathways related to cardiac remodeling. Furthermore, in vitro experiments using cardiac myocytes demonstrated that miR-145-5p mimic transfection up-regulated the expression of brain and atrial natriuretic peptide genes, which are markers of cardiac hypertrophy, while anti-miR-145-5p transfection abrogated the expression of these genes in response to norepinephrine stimulus. Conclusions Our data demonstrated that circulating levels of several miRNAs, in particular miR-145-5p, miR-451, and let7c, were associated with LVH in hypertensive patients, indicating that these miRNAS may be potential circulating biomarkers or involved in hypertension-induced LV remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisangela C P Lopes
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Layde R Paim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luís F R S Carvalho-Romano
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edmilson R Marques
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduarda O Z Minin
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila F L Vegian
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José A Pio-Magalhães
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lício A Velloso
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Otavio R Coelho-Filho
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrei C Sposito
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José R Matos-Souza
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wilson Nadruz
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberto Schreiber
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Wider J, Undyala VVR, Lanske B, Datta NS, Przyklenk K. Parathyroid Hormone-Related Peptide and Its Analog, Abaloparatide, Attenuate Lethal Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11092273. [PMID: 35566399 PMCID: PMC9105604 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) is well-known to play a role in bone formation, and abaloparatide, an analog of PTHrP(1-34), is approved for the treatment of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women. PTHrP has also been reported to have cardiovascular effects, with recent data demonstrating that exogenously administered PTHrP can limit the death of isolated cardiomyocytes subjected to oxidative stress via upregulation of classic ‘survival kinase’ signaling. Our aim in the current study was to extend this concept and, employing both in vitro and in vivo models, establish whether PTHrP(1-36) and abaloparatide are cardioprotective in the setting of lethal myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. We report that preischemic administration of PTHrP(1-36) and abaloparatide attenuated cell death in HL-1 cardiomyocytes subjected to simulated ischemia-reperfusion, an effect that was accompanied by the augmented expression of phospho-ERK and improved preservation of phospho-Akt, and blocked by co-administration of the MEK-ERK inhibitor PD98059. Moreover, using the translationally relevant swine model of acute coronary artery occlusion-reperfusion, we make the novel observation that myocardial infarct size was significantly reduced in pigs pretreated with PTHrP(1-36) when compared with placebo-controls (13.1 ± 3.3% versus 42.0 ± 6.6% of the area of at-risk myocardium, respectively; p < 0.01). Taken together, these data provide the first evidence in support of the concept that pretreatment with PTHrP(1-36) and abaloparatide renders cardiomyocytes resistant to lethal myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Wider
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Vishnu V. R. Undyala
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA;
- Clinical Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Michigan University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | | | - Nabanita S. Datta
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA;
| | - Karin Przyklenk
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA;
- Clinical Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Michigan University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Correspondence:
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25
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Yang Z, Subati T, Kim K, Murphy MB, Dougherty OP, Christopher IL, Van Amburg JC, Woodall KK, Barnett JV, Murray KT. Natriuretic Peptide Oligomers Cause Proarrhythmic Metabolic and Electrophysiological Effects in Atrial Myocytes. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2022; 15:e010636. [PMID: 35212578 PMCID: PMC8930702 DOI: 10.1161/circep.121.010636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With aging, the human atrium invariably develops amyloid composed of ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) and BNP (B-type natriuretic peptide). Preamyloid oligomers are the primary cytotoxic species in amyloidosis, and they accumulate in the atrium during human hypertension and a murine hypertensive model of atrial fibrillation susceptibility. We tested the hypothesis that preamyloid oligomers derived from natriuretic peptides cause cytotoxic and electrophysiological effects in atrial cells that promote arrhythmia susceptibility and that oligomer formation is enhanced for a mutant form of ANP linked to familial atrial fibrillation. METHODS Oligomerization was assessed by Western blot analysis. Bioenergic profiling was performed using the Seahorse platform. Mitochondrial dynamics were investigated with immunostaining and gene expression quantitated using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Action potentials and ionic currents were recorded using patch-clamp methods and intracellular calcium measured using Fura-2. RESULTS Oligomer formation was markedly accelerated for mutant ANP (mutANP) compared with WT (wild type) ANP. Oligomers derived from ANP, BNP, and mutANP suppressed mitochondrial function in atrial HL-1 cardiomyocytes, associated with increased superoxide generation and reduced biogenesis, while monomers had no effects. In hypertensive mice, atrial cardiomyocytes displayed reduced action potential duration and maximal dV/dT of phase 0, with an elevated resting membrane potential, compared with normotensive mice. Similar changes were observed when atrial cells were exposed to oligomers. mutANP monomers produced similar electrophysiological effects as mutANP oligomers, likely due to accelerated oligomer formation, while ANP and BNP monomers did not. Oligomers decreased Na+ current, inward rectifier K+ current, and L-type Ca++ current, while increasing sustained and transient outward K+ currents, to account for these effects. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide compelling evidence that natriuretic peptide oligomers are novel mediators of atrial arrhythmia susceptibility. Moreover, the accelerated oligomerization by mutANP supports a role for these mediators in the pathophysiology of this mutation in atrial fibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjiang Yang
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Tuerdi Subati
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Kyungsoo Kim
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Matthew B. Murphy
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Owen P. Dougherty
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Isis L. Christopher
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Joseph C. Van Amburg
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Kaylen K. Woodall
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Joey V. Barnett
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Katherine T. Murray
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
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Abarkan M, Pirog A, Mafilaza D, Pathak G, N'Kaoua G, Puginier E, O'Connor R, Raoux M, Donahue MJ, Renaud S, Lang J. Vertical Organic Electrochemical Transistors and Electronics for Low Amplitude Micro-Organ Signals. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105211. [PMID: 35064774 PMCID: PMC8922095 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Electrical signals are fundamental to key biological events such as brain activity, heartbeat, or vital hormone secretion. Their capture and analysis provide insight into cell or organ physiology and a number of bioelectronic medical devices aim to improve signal acquisition. Organic electrochemical transistors (OECT) have proven their capacity to capture neuronal and cardiac signals with high fidelity and amplification. Vertical PEDOT:PSS-based OECTs (vOECTs) further enhance signal amplification and device density but have not been characterized in biological applications. An electronic board with individually tuneable transistor biases overcomes fabrication induced heterogeneity in device metrics and allows quantitative biological experiments. Careful exploration of vOECT electric parameters defines voltage biases compatible with reliable transistor function in biological experiments and provides useful maximal transconductance values without influencing cellular signal generation or propagation. This permits successful application in monitoring micro-organs of prime importance in diabetes, the endocrine pancreatic islets, which are known for their far smaller signal amplitudes as compared to neurons or heart cells. Moreover, vOECTs capture their single-cell action potentials and multicellular slow potentials reflecting micro-organ organizations as well as their modulation by the physiological stimulator glucose. This opens the possibility to use OECTs in new biomedical fields well beyond their classical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Abarkan
- UMR CNRS 5248 (CBMN, Chemistry and Biology of Membranes)Univ. BordeauxAv Geoffroy St HilairePessacF‐33600France
| | - Antoine Pirog
- UMR CNRS 5218 (IMS, Integration of Materials into Systems)Univ. BordeauxBordeaux Institut National Polytechnique351 Cours de la LibérationTalenceF‐33405France
| | - Donnie Mafilaza
- UMR CNRS 5218 (IMS, Integration of Materials into Systems)Univ. BordeauxBordeaux Institut National Polytechnique351 Cours de la LibérationTalenceF‐33405France
| | - Gaurav Pathak
- Department of BioelectronicsMines Saint EtienneCMP‐EMSEMOCGardanne13541France
- Linköping UniversityDepartment of Science and Technology (ITN)Laboratory of Organic ElectronicsLinköpingSE‐581 83Sweden
| | - Gilles N'Kaoua
- UMR CNRS 5218 (IMS, Integration of Materials into Systems)Univ. BordeauxBordeaux Institut National Polytechnique351 Cours de la LibérationTalenceF‐33405France
| | - Emilie Puginier
- UMR CNRS 5248 (CBMN, Chemistry and Biology of Membranes)Univ. BordeauxAv Geoffroy St HilairePessacF‐33600France
| | - Rodney O'Connor
- Department of BioelectronicsMines Saint EtienneCMP‐EMSEMOCGardanne13541France
| | - Matthieu Raoux
- UMR CNRS 5248 (CBMN, Chemistry and Biology of Membranes)Univ. BordeauxAv Geoffroy St HilairePessacF‐33600France
| | - Mary J. Donahue
- Department of BioelectronicsMines Saint EtienneCMP‐EMSEMOCGardanne13541France
- Linköping UniversityDepartment of Science and Technology (ITN)Laboratory of Organic ElectronicsLinköpingSE‐581 83Sweden
| | - Sylvie Renaud
- UMR CNRS 5218 (IMS, Integration of Materials into Systems)Univ. BordeauxBordeaux Institut National Polytechnique351 Cours de la LibérationTalenceF‐33405France
| | - Jochen Lang
- UMR CNRS 5248 (CBMN, Chemistry and Biology of Membranes)Univ. BordeauxAv Geoffroy St HilairePessacF‐33600France
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27
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Morsink M, Severino P, Luna-Ceron E, Hussain MA, Sobahi N, Shin SR. Effects of electrically conductive nano-biomaterials on regulating cardiomyocyte behavior for cardiac repair and regeneration. Acta Biomater 2022; 139:141-156. [PMID: 34818579 PMCID: PMC11041526 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) represents one of the most prevalent cardiovascular diseases, with a highly relevant and impactful role in public health. Despite the therapeutic advances of the last decades, MI still begets extensive death rates around the world. The pathophysiology of the disease correlates with cardiomyocyte necrosis, caused by an imbalance in the demand of oxygen to cardiac tissues, resulting from obstruction of the coronary flow. To alleviate the severe effects of MI, the use of various biomaterials exhibit vast potential in cardiac repair and regeneration, acting as native extracellular matrices. These hydrogels have been combined with nano sized or functional materials which possess unique electrical, mechanical, and topographical properties that play important roles in regulating phenotypes and the contractile function of cardiomyocytes even in adverse microenvironments. These nano-biomaterials' differential properties have led to substantial healing on in vivo cardiac injury models by promoting fibrotic scar reduction, hemodynamic function preservation, and benign cardiac remodeling. In this review, we discuss the interplay of the unique physical properties of electrically conductive nano-biomaterials, are able to manipulate the phenotypes and the electrophysiological behavior of cardiomyocytes in vitro, and can enhance heart regeneration in vivo. Consequently, the understanding of the decisive roles of the nano-biomaterials discussed in this review could be useful for designing novel nano-biomaterials in future research for cardiac tissue engineering and regeneration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This study introduced and deciphered the understanding of the role of multimodal cues in recent advances of electrically conductive nano-biomaterials on cardiac tissue engineering. Compared with other review papers, which mainly describe these studies based on various types of electrically conductive nano-biomaterials, in this review paper we mainly discussed the interplay of the unique physical properties (electrical conductivity, mechanical properties, and topography) of electrically conductive nano-biomaterials, which would allow them to manipulate phenotypes and the electrophysiological behavior of cardiomyocytes in vitro and to enhance heart regeneration in vivo. Consequently, understanding the decisive roles of the nano-biomaterials discussed in the review could help design novel nano-biomaterials in future research for cardiac tissue engineering and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaretha Morsink
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America; Translational Liver Research, Department of Medical Cell BioPhysics, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands; Department of Developmental BioEngineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Patrícia Severino
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America; University of Tiradentes (Unit), Biotechnological Postgraduate Program. Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, 49010-390 Aracaju, Brazil; Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology Laboratory (LNMed), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, 49010-390 Aracaju, Brazil; Tiradentes Institute, 150 Mt Vernon St, Dorchester, MA 02125, United States of America
| | - Eder Luna-Ceron
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America
| | - Mohammad A Hussain
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21569, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nebras Sobahi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21569, Saudi Arabia
| | - Su Ryon Shin
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America.
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Adili A, Zhu X, Cao H, Tang X, Wang Y, Wang J, Shi J, Zhou Q, Wang D. Atrial Fibrillation Underlies Cardiomyocyte Senescence and Contributes to Deleterious Atrial Remodeling during Disease Progression. Aging Dis 2022; 13:298-312. [PMID: 35111375 PMCID: PMC8782549 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2021.0619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Qing Zhou
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Qing Zhou (), Dr. Dongjin Wang (), The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Dongjin Wang
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Qing Zhou (), Dr. Dongjin Wang (), The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
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29
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Onódi Z, Visnovitz T, Kiss B, Hambalkó S, Koncz A, Ágg B, Váradi B, Tóth VÉ, Nagy RN, Gergely TG, Gergő D, Makkos A, Pelyhe C, Varga N, Reé D, Apáti Á, Leszek P, Kovács T, Nagy N, Ferdinandy P, Buzás EI, Görbe A, Giricz Z, Varga ZV. Systematic transcriptomic and phenotypic characterization of human and murine cardiac myocyte cell lines and primary cardiomyocytes reveals serious limitations and low resemblances to adult cardiac phenotype. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 165:19-30. [PMID: 34959166 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac cell lines and primary cells are widely used in cardiovascular research. Despite increasing number of publications using these models, comparative characterization of these cell lines has not been performed, therefore, their limitations are undetermined. We aimed to compare cardiac cell lines to primary cardiomyocytes and to mature cardiac tissues in a systematic manner. METHODS AND RESULTS Cardiac cell lines (H9C2, AC16, HL-1) were differentiated with widely used protocols. Left ventricular tissue, neonatal primary cardiomyocytes, and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes served as reference tissue or cells. RNA expression of cardiac markers (e.g. Tnnt2, Ryr2) was markedly lower in cell lines compared to references. Differentiation induced increase in cardiac- and decrease in embryonic markers however, the overall transcriptomic profile and annotation to relevant biological processes showed consistently less pronounced cardiac phenotype in all cell lines in comparison to the corresponding references. Immunocytochemistry confirmed low expressions of structural protein sarcomeric alpha-actinin, troponin I and caveolin-3 in cell lines. Susceptibility of cell lines to sI/R injury in terms of viability as well as mitochondrial polarization differed from the primary cells irrespective of their degree of differentiation. CONCLUSION Expression patterns of cardiomyocyte markers and whole transcriptomic profile, as well as response to sI/R, and to hypertrophic stimuli indicate low-to-moderate similarity of cell lines to primary cells/cardiac tissues regardless their differentiation. Low resemblance of cell lines to mature adult cardiac tissue limits their potential use. Low translational value should be taken into account while choosing a particular cell line to model cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsófia Onódi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; HCEMM-SU Cardiometabolic Immunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE Momentum Cardio-Oncology and Cardioimmunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Visnovitz
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bernadett Kiss
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Hambalkó
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Koncz
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bence Ágg
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Barnabás Váradi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktória É Tóth
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; HCEMM-SU Cardiometabolic Immunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE Momentum Cardio-Oncology and Cardioimmunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Regina N Nagy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás G Gergely
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; HCEMM-SU Cardiometabolic Immunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE Momentum Cardio-Oncology and Cardioimmunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dorottya Gergő
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; HCEMM-SU Cardiometabolic Immunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Makkos
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csilla Pelyhe
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nóra Varga
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, Budapest, Hungary; ELKH-Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dóra Reé
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, Budapest, Hungary; ELKH-Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágota Apáti
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, Budapest, Hungary; ELKH-Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Przemyslaw Leszek
- Department of Heart Failure and Transplantology, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński National Institute of Cardiology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Tamás Kovács
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nándor Nagy
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Edit I Buzás
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; HCEMM-SU Extracellular Vesicle Research Group, Hungary; ELKH-SE Immune-Proteogenomics Extracellular Vesicle Research Group, Hungary
| | - Anikó Görbe
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Giricz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán V Varga
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; HCEMM-SU Cardiometabolic Immunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-SE Momentum Cardio-Oncology and Cardioimmunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.
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30
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Bourque K, Hawey C, Jones-Tabah J, Pétrin D, Martin RD, Ling Sun Y, Hébert TE. Measuring hypertrophy in neonatal rat primary cardiomyocytes and human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. Methods 2021; 203:447-464. [PMID: 34933120 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the heart, left ventricular hypertrophy is initially an adaptive mechanism that increases wall thickness to preserve normal cardiac output and function in the face of coronary artery disease or hypertension. Cardiac hypertrophy develops in response to pressure and volume overload but can also be seen in inherited cardiomyopathies. As the wall thickens, it becomes stiffer impairing the distribution of oxygenated blood to the rest of the body. With complex cellular signalling and transcriptional networks involved in the establishment of the hypertrophic state, several model systems have been developed to better understand the molecular drivers of disease. Immortalized cardiomyocyte cell lines, primary rodent and larger animal models have all helped understand the pathological mechanisms underlying cardiac hypertrophy. Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes are also used and have the additional benefit of providing access to human samples with direct disease relevance as when generated from patients suffering from hypertrophic cardiomyopathies. Here, we briefly review in vitro and in vivo model systems that have been used to model hypertrophy and provide detailed methods to isolate primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes as well as to generate cardiomyocytes from human iPSCs. We also describe how to model hypertrophy in a "dish" using gene expression analysis and immunofluorescence combined with automated high-content imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyla Bourque
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Cara Hawey
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Jace Jones-Tabah
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Darlaine Pétrin
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Ryan D Martin
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Yi Ling Sun
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Terence E Hébert
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada.
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31
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Zhang Y, Li Q, Xu D, Li T, Gu Z, Huang P, Ren L. Idarubicin-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes: An in vitro molecular approach. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:S553-S562. [PMID: 34787021 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211033774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Idarubicin (IDA) is an anthracycline antibiotic, frequently used for the treatment of various human cancers. In vivo rodent model studies have identified a variety of possible adverse outcomes from IDA including heart effects like increased heart weights, myocardial histopathological injury, electrocardiogram abnormalities, and cardiac dysfunction. Despite significant investigations, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the cardiotoxicity of IDA have not been fully clarified. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of IDA on the HL-1 cardiac muscle cell. Different concentrations of IDA (10-6, 10-5, 10-4, and 10-3 M) were used at different time (6, 12, 24, and 48 h) periods, and the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8); 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) probe method; and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to detect the oxidative stress level. In addition, we used network analysis to predict IDA-induced cardiotoxicity. The TUNEL assay, qRT-PCR, ELISA assay, and Western blotting detection of related apoptotic factors including caspase family, Bax, and Bcl-2. Overall, we found that IDA was generally more toxic at high concentrations or extended durations of exposure. At the same time, IDA can increase the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and decrease the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH) in cells, and increase the content of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the medium. Network analysis showed that the apoptosis signaling pathway was activated; specifically, the caspase family was involved in the signal pathway. The results of the TUNEL assay, qRT-PCR, ELISA, and Western blot found that IDA can activate apoptotic factors. The mechanism may be related to the activation of apoptosis signaling pathway. These results indicate that the cardiotoxic effects of IDA are most likely associated with oxidative stress and ROS formation, which finally ends in apoptotic factors' activation and induction of cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, 12510Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, 12510Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Pathology, 154516The Third Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Dongsheng Xu
- Cancer Center, 12510The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tengteng Li
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, 12510Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zehui Gu
- Department of Pathology, 154516The Third Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, 12510Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Liqun Ren
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, 12510Jilin University, Changchun, China
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32
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Zhong Y, Saleh A, Inal S. Decoding Electrophysiological Signals with Organic Electrochemical Transistors. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2100187. [PMID: 34463019 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) has unique characteristics that distinguish it from other transistors and make it a promising electronic transducer of biological events. High transconductance, flexibility, and biocompatibility render OECTs ideal for detecting electrophysiological signals. Device properties such as transconductance, response time, and noise level should, however, be optimized to adapt to the needs of various application environments including in vitro cell culture, human skin, and inside of a living system. This review includes an overview of the origin of electrophysiological signals, the working principles of OECTs, and methods for performance optimization. While covering recent research examples of the use of OECTs in electrophysiology, a perspective is provided for next-generation bioelectric sensors and amplifiers for electrophysiology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhou Zhong
- Organic Bioelectronics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulelah Saleh
- Organic Bioelectronics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahika Inal
- Organic Bioelectronics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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33
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Wang J, Li X, Liu Z, Lin X, Zhong F, Li S, Tang X, Zhang Y, Li L. Second-generation antipsychotics induce cardiotoxicity by disrupting spliceosome signaling: Implications from proteomic and transcriptomic analyses. Pharmacol Res 2021; 170:105714. [PMID: 34098070 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) are first-line drugs that are prescribed for mental disorders in clinic. Severe cardiotoxicity has been widely reported and thus limits their clinical application. This study aimed to identify the common mechanism underlying SGAs-induced cardiotoxicity using dual-omics analyses. Balb/C mice were intraperitoneally injected with two representative SGAs, olanzapine (2.5 mg/kg) and clozapine (25 mg/kg), at clinically comparable doses for 0, 7, 14 and 21 days. Our results showed that both SGAs induced cardiomyocyte degeneration, inflammation infiltration, and cardiac fibrosis, all of which worsened with time. Proteomic analysis revelaed that 22 differentially expressed (DE) proteins overlapped in olanzapine and clozapine-treated hearts. These proteins were significantly enriched in muscle contraction, amino acid metabolism and spliceosomal assembly by GO term analysis and spliceosome signaling was among the top enriched pathways by KEGG analysis. Among the 22 DE proteins, three spliceosome signal proteins were validated in a dynamic detection, and their expression significantly correlated with the extent of SGAs-induced cardiac fibrosis. Following the spliceosome signaling dysregulation, RNA sequencing revealed that alternative splicing events in the mouse hearts were markedly enhanced by SGAs treatments, and the production of vast transcript variants resulted in dysregulation of multiple pathways that are critical for cardiomyocytes adaptation and cardiac remodeling. Pladienolide B, a specific inhibitor of mRNA splicing, successfully corrected SGAs-induced alternative splicing and significantly attenuated the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors and cell deaths induced by SGAs exposure. Our study concluded that the spliceosome signaling was a common pathway driving SGAs cardiotoxicity. Pharmacological inhibition of the spliceosome signaling represents a novel therapeutic strategy against SGAs cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Xinyi Lin
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Fan Zhong
- Department of Systems Biology for Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Shuhao Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Xinru Tang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Yang Zhang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Liliang Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Mattox TA, Psaltis C, Weihbrecht K, Robidoux J, Kilburg‐Basnyat B, Murphy MP, Gowdy KM, Anderson EJ. Prohibitin-1 Is a Dynamically Regulated Blood Protein With Cardioprotective Effects in Sepsis. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e019877. [PMID: 34219469 PMCID: PMC8483490 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.019877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background In sepsis, circulating cytokines and lipopolysaccharide elicit mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiomyopathy, a major cause of morbidity and mortality with this condition. Emerging research places the PHB1 (lipid raft protein prohibitin-1) at the nexus of inflammation, metabolism, and oxidative stress. PHB1 has also been reported in circulation, though its function in this compartment is completely unknown. Methods and Results Using a wide-ranging approach across multiple in vitro and in vivo models, we interrogated the functional role of intracellular and circulating PHB1 in the heart during sepsis, and elucidated some of the mechanisms involved. Upon endotoxin challenge or sepsis induction in rodent models, PHB1 translocates from mitochondria to nucleus in cardiomyocytes and is secreted into the circulation from the liver in a manner dependent on nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2, a key transcriptional regulator of the antioxidant response. Overexpression or treatment with recombinant human PHB1 enhances the antioxidant/anti-inflammatory response and protects HL-1 cardiomyocytes from mitochondrial dysfunction and toxicity from cytokine stress. Importantly, administration of recombinant human PHB1 blunted inflammation and restored cardiac contractility and ATP production in mice following lipopolysaccharide challenge. This cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory effect of recombinant human PHB1 was determined to be independent of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2, but partially dependent on PI3K/AKT signaling in the heart. Conclusions These findings reveal a previously unknown cardioprotective effect of PHB1 during sepsis, and illustrate a pro-survival, protective role for PHB1 in the circulation. Exploitation of circulating PHB1 as a biomarker and/or therapeutic could have widespread benefit in the clinical management of sepsis and other severe inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor A. Mattox
- Department of Pharmacology & ToxicologyBrody School of MedicineEast Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNC
| | - Christine Psaltis
- Department of Pharmacology & ToxicologyBrody School of MedicineEast Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNC
| | - Katie Weihbrecht
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research CenterUniversity of IowaIowa CityIA
| | - Jacques Robidoux
- Department of Pharmacology & ToxicologyBrody School of MedicineEast Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNC
| | - Brita Kilburg‐Basnyat
- Department of Pharmacology & ToxicologyBrody School of MedicineEast Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNC
| | - Michael P. Murphy
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology UnitUniversity of CambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Kymberly M. Gowdy
- Department of Pharmacology & ToxicologyBrody School of MedicineEast Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNC
| | - Ethan J. Anderson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Experimental TherapeuticsCollege of PharmacyIowa CityIA
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research CenterUniversity of IowaIowa CityIA
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35
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Rahm AK, Gramlich D, Wieder T, Müller ME, Schoeffel A, El Tahry FA, Most P, Heimberger T, Sandke S, Weis T, Ullrich ND, Korff T, Lugenbiel P, Katus HA, Thomas D. Trigger-Specific Remodeling of K Ca2 Potassium Channels in Models of Atrial Fibrillation. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2021; 14:579-590. [PMID: 34045886 PMCID: PMC8144362 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s290291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Effective antiarrhythmic treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) constitutes a major challenge, in particular, when concomitant heart failure (HF) is present. HF-associated atrial arrhythmogenesis is distinctly characterized by prolonged atrial refractoriness. Small-conductance, calcium-activated K+ (KCa, SK, KCNN) channels contribute to cardiac action potential repolarization and are implicated in AF susceptibility and therapy. The mechanistic impact of AF/HF-related triggers on atrial KCa channels is not known. We hypothesized that tachycardia, stretch, β-adrenergic stimulation, and hypoxia differentially determine KCa2.1-2.3 channel remodeling in atrial cells. METHODS KCNN1-3 transcript levels were assessed in AF/HF patients and in a pig model of atrial tachypacing-induced AF with reduced left ventricular function. HL-1 atrial myocytes were subjected to proarrhythmic triggers to investigate the effects on Kcnn mRNA and KCa channel protein. RESULTS Atrial KCNN1-3 expression was reduced in AF/HF patients. KCNN2 and KCNN3 suppression was recapitulated in the corresponding pig model. In contrast to human AF, KCNN1 remained unchanged in pigs. Channel- and stressor-specific remodeling was revealed in vitro. Lower expression levels of KCNN1/KCa2.1 were linked to stretch and β-adrenergic stimulation. Furthermore, KCNN3/KCa2.3 expression was suppressed upon tachypacing and hypoxia. Finally, KCNN2/KCa2.2 abundance was specifically enhanced by hypoxia. CONCLUSION Reduction of KCa2.1-2.3 channel expression might contribute to the action potential prolongation in AF complicated by HF. Subtype-specific KCa2 channel remodeling induced by tachypacing, stretch, β-adrenergic stimulation, or hypoxia is expected to differentially determine atrial remodeling, depending on patient-specific activation of each triggering factor. Stressor-dependent KCa2 regulation in atrial myocytes provides a starting point for mechanism-based antiarrhythmic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Kathrin Rahm
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- HCR (Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Dominik Gramlich
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- HCR (Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Teresa Wieder
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- HCR (Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Mara Elena Müller
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- HCR (Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Axel Schoeffel
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- HCR (Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Fadwa A El Tahry
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Patrick Most
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- HCR (Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Tanja Heimberger
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Steffi Sandke
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Tanja Weis
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Nina D Ullrich
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Thomas Korff
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, 68167, Germany
| | - Patrick Lugenbiel
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- HCR (Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Hugo A Katus
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- HCR (Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Dierk Thomas
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- HCR (Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
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All-Trans Retinoic Acid Increases DRP1 Levels and Promotes Mitochondrial Fission. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051202. [PMID: 34068960 PMCID: PMC8156392 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the heart, mitochondrial homeostasis is critical for sustaining normal function and optimal responses to metabolic and environmental stressors. Mitochondrial fusion and fission are thought to be necessary for maintaining a robust population of mitochondria, and disruptions in mitochondrial fission and/or fusion can lead to cellular dysfunction. The dynamin-related protein (DRP1) is an important mediator of mitochondrial fission. In this study, we investigated the direct effects of the micronutrient retinoid all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on the mitochondrial structure in vivo and in vitro using Western blot, confocal, and transmission electron microscopy, as well as mitochondrial network quantification using stochastic modeling. Our results showed that ATRA increases DRP1 protein levels, increases the localization of DRP1 to mitochondria in isolated mitochondrial preparations. Our results also suggested that ATRA remodels the mitochondrial ultrastructure where the mitochondrial area and perimeter were decreased and the circularity was increased. Microscopically, mitochondrial network remodeling is driven by an increased rate of fission over fusion events in ATRA, as suggested by our numerical modeling. In conclusion, ATRA results in a pharmacologically mediated increase in the DRP1 protein. It also results in the modulation of cardiac mitochondria by promoting fission events, altering the mitochondrial network, and modifying the ultrastructure of mitochondria in the heart.
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Wong LY, Glatz JFC, Wang S, Geraets IME, Vanherle S, Wijngaard AVD, Brunner H, Luiken JJFP, Nabben M. Comparison of human and rodent cell models to study myocardial lipid-induced insulin resistance. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2021; 167:102267. [PMID: 33751940 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2021.102267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Isolated or cultured cells have proven to be valuable model systems to investigate cellular (patho)biology and for screening of the efficacy of drugs or their possible side-effects. Pluripotent stem cells (PSC) can be readily obtained from healthy individuals as well as from diseased patients, and protocols have been developed to differentiate these cells into cardiomyocytes. Hence, these cellular models are moving center stage for a broader application. In this review, we focus on comparing mouse HL-1 cardiomyocytes, isolated adult rat cardiomyocytes, human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CMs) and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) for the study of metabolic aspects of cardiac functioning in health and disease. Various studies have reported that these cellular models are suitable for assessing substrate uptake and utilization, in that each display an adequate and similar response to physiological triggers, in particular the presence of insulin. Likewise, disease conditions, such as excess lipid supply, similarly affect each of these rodent and human cardiomyocyte models. It is concluded that PSC-CMs obtained from patients with cardiogenetic abnormalities are promising models to evaluate the functional consequence of gene variants with unknown significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yen Wong
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jan F C Glatz
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+ and FHML, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Shujin Wang
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+ and FHML, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ilvy M E Geraets
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+ and FHML, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Sabina Vanherle
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Arthur van den Wijngaard
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Han Brunner
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Joost J F P Luiken
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+ and FHML, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Miranda Nabben
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+ and FHML, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands; CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Gesper M, Nonnast ABH, Kumowski N, Stoehr R, Schuett K, Marx N, Kappel BA. Gut-Derived Metabolite Indole-3-Propionic Acid Modulates Mitochondrial Function in Cardiomyocytes and Alters Cardiac Function. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:648259. [PMID: 33829028 PMCID: PMC8019752 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.648259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The gut microbiome has been linked to the onset of cardiometabolic diseases, in part facilitated through gut microbiota-dependent metabolites such as trimethylamine-N-oxide. However, molecular pathways associated to heart failure mediated by microbial metabolites remain largely elusive. Mitochondria play a pivotal role in cellular energy metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction has been associated to heart failure pathogenesis. Aim of the current study was to evaluate the impact of gut-derived metabolites on mitochondrial function in cardiomyocytes via an in vitro screening approach. Methods: Based on a systematic Medline research, 25 microbial metabolites were identified and screened for their metabolic impact with a focus on mitochondrial respiration in HL-1 cardiomyocytes. Oxygen consumption rate in response to different modulators of the respiratory chain were measured by a live-cell metabolic assay platform. For one of the identified metabolites, indole-3-propionic acid, studies on specific mitochondrial complexes, cytochrome c, fatty acid oxidation, mitochondrial membrane potential, and reactive oxygen species production were performed. Mitochondrial function in response to this metabolite was further tested in human hepatic and endothelial cells. Additionally, the effect of indole-3-propionic acid on cardiac function was studied in isolated perfused hearts of C57BL/6J mice. Results: Among the metabolites examined, microbial tryptophan derivative indole-3-propionic acid could be identified as a modulator of mitochondrial function in cardiomyocytes. While acute treatment induced enhancement of maximal mitochondrial respiration (+21.5 ± 7.8%, p < 0.05), chronic exposure led to mitochondrial dysfunction (-18.9 ± 9.1%; p < 0.001) in cardiomyocytes. The latter effect of indole-3-propionic acids could also be observed in human hepatic and endothelial cells. In isolated perfused mouse hearts, indole-3-propionic acid was dose-dependently able to improve cardiac contractility from +26.8 ± 11.6% (p < 0.05) at 1 μM up to +93.6 ± 14.4% (p < 0.001) at 100 μM. Our mechanistic studies on indole-3-propionic acids suggest potential involvement of fatty acid oxidation in HL-1 cardiomyocytes. Conclusion: Our data indicate a direct impact of microbial metabolites on cardiac physiology. Gut-derived metabolite indole-3-propionic acid was identified as mitochondrial modulator in cardiomyocytes and altered cardiac function in an ex vivo mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Gesper
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Aachen, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Alena B H Nonnast
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Aachen, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nina Kumowski
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Aachen, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Robert Stoehr
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Aachen, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Katharina Schuett
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Aachen, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Marx
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Aachen, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ben A Kappel
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Aachen, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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Empagliflozin, alone or in combination with liraglutide, limits cell death in vitro: role of oxidative stress and nitric oxide. Pharmacol Rep 2021; 73:858-867. [PMID: 33555600 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-021-00224-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sodium-dependent glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor empagliflozin and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist liraglutide are characterized as having cardiovascular benefits in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Little is known regarding the underlying mechanisms nor the potential interactions between cardiovascular benefits of these two drugs when combined. We sought to investigate: (1) whether combination of empagliflozin and liraglutide has additive effect against diabetes-induced cytotoxicity, and (2) potential mechanisms involved in cardioprotective effect of empagliflozin and liraglutide in diabetes. METHODS Capacity of empagliflozin and liraglutide alone and in combination to reduce cardiac injury in diabetes was evaluated. HL-1 cells, a cardiac muscle cell line, were exposed to hyperglycemia/hyperinsulinemia and treated with/without empagliflozin, liraglutide or empagliflozin + liraglutide for 24 h. At the end of treatments, cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, nitric oxide (NO) production, nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and phospho-eNOS (Thr495) expression were determined. RESULTS We found that empagliflozin treatment alone and combined treatment decreased in vitro HL-1 cell death caused by hyperglycemia. Liraglutide treatment alone improved NOS activity followed by increased NO production, while empagliflozin had little effect. Furthermore, the effects of empagliflozin + liraglutide to decrease diabetes-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress were synergistic. CONCLUSION While empagliflozin alone attenuated diabetes-induced cytotoxicity, combined treatment of liraglutide can synergistically ameliorates cell death and oxidative stress. This effect is potentially due to improved NOS activity and increased NO production induced by liraglutide.
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Silvestro S, Gugliandolo A, Chiricosta L, Diomede F, Trubiani O, Bramanti P, Pizzicannella J, Mazzon E. MicroRNA Profiling of HL-1 Cardiac Cells-Derived Extracellular Vesicles. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020273. [PMID: 33573156 PMCID: PMC7912193 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
HL-1 is a cell line that shows a phenotype similar to adult cardiomyocytes. All major cardiac cell types release extracellular vesicles (EVs) that emerge as key mediators of intercellular communication. EVs can mediate intercellular cross-talk through the transfer of specific microRNAs (miRNAs). MiRNAs are known to play important regulatory roles during tissue differentiation and regeneration processes. Furthermore, miRNAs have recently been shown to be involved in the proliferation of adult cardiomyocytes. In this context, the purpose of this study was to analyze the transcriptomic profile of miRNAs expressed from HL-1 cardiac muscle cell-derived EVs, using next generation sequencing (NGS). Specifically, our transcriptomic analysis showed that the EVs derived from our HL-1 cells contained miRNAs that induce blood vessel formation and increase cell proliferation. Indeed, our bioinformatics analysis revealed 26 miRNAs expressed in EVs derived from our HL-1 that target genes related to cardiovascular development. In particular, their targets are enriched for the following biological processes related to cardiovascular development: heart morphogenesis, positive regulation of angiogenesis, artery development, ventricular septum development, cardiac atrium development, and myoblast differentiation. Consequently, EVs could become important in the field of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Silvestro
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, 98124 Messina, Italy; (S.S.); (A.G.); (L.C.); (P.B.)
| | - Agnese Gugliandolo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, 98124 Messina, Italy; (S.S.); (A.G.); (L.C.); (P.B.)
| | - Luigi Chiricosta
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, 98124 Messina, Italy; (S.S.); (A.G.); (L.C.); (P.B.)
| | - Francesca Diomede
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.D.); (O.T.)
| | - Oriana Trubiani
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.D.); (O.T.)
| | - Placido Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, 98124 Messina, Italy; (S.S.); (A.G.); (L.C.); (P.B.)
| | | | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, 98124 Messina, Italy; (S.S.); (A.G.); (L.C.); (P.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-090-6012-8172
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Cardiac Shock Wave Therapy Alleviates Hypoxia/Reoxygenation-Induced Myocardial Necroptosis by Modulating Autophagy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:8880179. [PMID: 33532500 PMCID: PMC7837773 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8880179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Regulated necrosis (necroptosis) is crucially involved in cardiac ischaemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI). The aim of our study is to investigate whether shock wave therapy (SWT) is capable of exerting protective effects by inhibiting necroptosis during myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and the possible role of autophagy in this process. We established a hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model in vitro using HL-1 cells to simulate MIRI. MTS assays and LDH cytotoxicity assay were performed to measure cell viability and cell damage. Annexin V/PI staining was used to determine apoptosis and necrosis. Western blotting was performed to assess the changes in cell signaling pathways associated with autophagy, necroptosis, and apoptosis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was detected using DHE staining. Autophagosome generation and degradation (autophagic flux) were analysed using GFP and RFP tandemly tagged LC3 (tfLC3). HL-1 cells were then transfected with p62/SQSTM1 siRNA in order to analyse its role in cardioprotection. Our results revealed that SWT increased cell viability in the H/R model and decreased receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) and RIPK3 expression. ROS production was also inhibited by SWT. Moreover, SWT decreased Beclin1 expression and the ratio of LC3-II/LC3-I following H/R. Simultaneously, in the tfLC3 assay, the SWT provoked a decrease in the cumulative autophagosome abundance. siRNA-mediated knockdown of p62 attenuated H/R-induced necroptosis, and SWT did not exert additive effects. Taken together, SWT ameliorated H/R injury by inhibiting necroptosis. SWT also relieved the blockade of autophagic flux in response to H/R injury. The restoration of autophagic flux by SWT might contribute to its cardioprotective effect on necroptosis following H/R injury.
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Budharaju H, Subramanian A, Sethuraman S. Recent advancements in cardiovascular bioprinting and bioprinted cardiac constructs. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:1974-1994. [DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01428a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensionally bioprinted cardiac constructs with biomimetic bioink helps to create native-equivalent cardiac tissues to treat patients with myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshavardhan Budharaju
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials
- ACBDE Innovation Centre
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- SASTRA Deemed to be University
| | - Anuradha Subramanian
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials
- ACBDE Innovation Centre
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- SASTRA Deemed to be University
| | - Swaminathan Sethuraman
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials
- ACBDE Innovation Centre
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- SASTRA Deemed to be University
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Guo Y, Merten AL, Schöler U, Yu ZY, Cvetkovska J, Fatkin D, Feneley MP, Martinac B, Friedrich O. In vitro cell stretching technology (IsoStretcher) as an approach to unravel Piezo1-mediated cardiac mechanotransduction. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 159:22-33. [PMID: 32763257 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The transformation of electrical signals into mechanical action of the heart underlying blood circulation results in mechanical stimuli during active contraction or passive filling distention, which conversely modulate electrical signals. This feedback mechanism is known as cardiac mechano-electric coupling (MEC). The cardiac MEC involves complex activation of mechanical biosensors initiating short-term and long-term effects through Ca2+ signals in cardiomyocytes in acute and chronic pressure overload scenarios (e.g. cardiac hypertrophy). Although it is largely still unknown how mechanical forces alter cardiac function at the molecular level, mechanosensitive channels, including the recently discovered family of Piezo channels, have been thought to play a major role in the cardiac MEC and are also suspected to contribute to development of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. The earliest reports of mechanosensitive channel activity recognized that their gating could be controlled by membrane stretch. In this article, we provide an overview of the stretch devices, which have been employed for studies of the effects of mechanical stimuli on muscle and heart cells. We also describe novel experiments examining the activity of Piezo1 channels under multiaxial stretch applied using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stretch chambers and IsoStretcher technology to achieve isotropic stretching stimulation to cultured HL-1 cardiac muscle cells which express an appreciable amount of Piezo1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Guo
- Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia; Cardiac Physiology and Transplantation Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anna-Lena Merten
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany; School in Advanced Optical Technologies, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany; Muscle Research Center Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Schöler
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany; School in Advanced Optical Technologies, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany; Muscle Research Center Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ze-Yan Yu
- Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia; Cardiac Physiology and Transplantation Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jasmina Cvetkovska
- Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Diane Fatkin
- Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Cardiology, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael P Feneley
- Cardiac Physiology and Transplantation Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Cardiology, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Boris Martinac
- Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Oliver Friedrich
- Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia; Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany; School in Advanced Optical Technologies, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany; Muscle Research Center Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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McNally LA, Altamimi TR, Fulghum K, Hill BG. Considerations for using isolated cell systems to understand cardiac metabolism and biology. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 153:26-41. [PMID: 33359038 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Changes in myocardial metabolic activity are fundamentally linked to cardiac health and remodeling. Primary cardiomyocytes, induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, and transformed cardiomyocyte cell lines are common models used to understand how (patho)physiological conditions or stimuli contribute to changes in cardiac metabolism. These cell models are helpful also for defining metabolic mechanisms of cardiac dysfunction and remodeling. Although technical advances have improved our capacity to measure cardiomyocyte metabolism, there is often heterogeneity in metabolic assay protocols and cell models, which could hinder data interpretation and discernment of the mechanisms of cardiac (patho)physiology. In this review, we discuss considerations for integrating cardiomyocyte cell models with techniques that have become relatively common in the field, such as respirometry and extracellular flux analysis. Furthermore, we provide overviews of metabolic assays that complement XF analyses and that provide information on not only catabolic pathway activity, but biosynthetic pathway activity and redox status as well. Cultivating a more widespread understanding of the advantages and limitations of metabolic measurements in cardiomyocyte cell models will continue to be essential for the development of coherent metabolic mechanisms of cardiac health and pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey A McNally
- Department of Medicine, Division of Environmental Medicine, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Tariq R Altamimi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Environmental Medicine, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Kyle Fulghum
- Department of Medicine, Division of Environmental Medicine, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Bradford G Hill
- Department of Medicine, Division of Environmental Medicine, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
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Komuro H, Yamazoe M, Nozaki K, Nagai A, Sasano T. Cardiomyocyte uptake mechanism of a hydroxyapatite nanoparticle mediated gene delivery system. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 11:1685-1692. [PMID: 33194517 PMCID: PMC7653333 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.11.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy has been explored as a future alternative for treating heart disease. Among several gene delivery systems aimed at penetrating specific target cells, we focused on safe and non-viral gene delivery materials with a high transfection efficiency. Although various techniques have been developed, the mechanisms underlying the cellular uptake of gene delivery materials have not yet been sufficiently studied in cardiomyocytes. The aim of this study was to determine how hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanoparticles contribute to the delivery of plasmid DNA (pDNA) into cardiomyocytes. We fabricated HAp nanoparticles using the water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion method and used these nanoparticles as the delivery vector for transfecting cardiomyocyte-derived HL-1 cells. HAp exhibited particles on the nanoscale and with a low cytotoxicity in HL-1 cells. The transfection assay performed with several endocytosis inhibitors suggested that the HAp/pDNA complexes were internalized by HL-1 cells through macropinocytosis. Furthermore, this HL-1 cell uptake was generated in response to HAp stimulation. Thus, HAp is a positive regulator of macropinocytosis in HL-1 cells and a good system for gene delivery in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Komuro
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamazoe
- Department of Bio-informational Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Kosuke Nozaki
- Department of Restorative Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Akiko Nagai
- Department of Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8650, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Sasano
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
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46
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Hart C, Didier CM, Sommerhage F, Rajaraman S. Biocompatibility of Blank, Post-Processed and Coated 3D Printed Resin Structures with Electrogenic Cells. BIOSENSORS 2020; 10:E152. [PMID: 33105886 PMCID: PMC7690614 DOI: 10.3390/bios10110152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The widespread adaptation of 3D printing in the microfluidic, bioelectronic, and Bio-MEMS communities has been stifled by the lack of investigation into the biocompatibility of commercially available printer resins. By introducing an in-depth post-printing treatment of these resins, their biocompatibility can be dramatically improved up to that of a standard cell culture vessel (99.99%). Additionally, encapsulating resins that are less biocompatible with materials that are common constituents in biosensors further enhances the biocompatibility of the material. This investigation provides a clear pathway toward developing fully functional and biocompatible 3D printed biosensor devices, especially for interfacing with electrogenic cells, utilizing benchtop-based microfabrication, and post-processing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cacie Hart
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway, Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826, USA; (C.H.); (C.M.D.); (F.S.)
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Central Florida, 12760 Pegasus Dr., Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Charles M. Didier
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway, Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826, USA; (C.H.); (C.M.D.); (F.S.)
- Burnett School of Biomedical Science, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Frank Sommerhage
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway, Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826, USA; (C.H.); (C.M.D.); (F.S.)
| | - Swaminathan Rajaraman
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway, Suite 400, Orlando, FL 32826, USA; (C.H.); (C.M.D.); (F.S.)
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Central Florida, 12760 Pegasus Dr., Orlando, FL 32816, USA
- Burnett School of Biomedical Science, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Central Florida, 4328 Scorpius St., Orlando, FL 32816, USA
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47
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Didier CM, Kundu A, Shoemaker JT, Vukasinovic J, Rajaraman S. SeedEZ™ Interdigitated Electrodes and Multifunctional Layered Biosensor Composites (MLBCs): A Paradigm Shift in the Development of In Vitro BioMicrosystems. JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS : A JOINT IEEE AND ASME PUBLICATION ON MICROSTRUCTURES, MICROACTUATORS, MICROSENSORS, AND MICROSYSTEMS 2020; 29:653-660. [PMID: 33762802 PMCID: PMC7982987 DOI: 10.1109/jmems.2020.3003452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a new technology for the realization of composite biosensor systems, capable of measuring electrical and electrophysiological signals from electrogenic cells, using SeedEZ™ 3D cell culture-scaffold material. This represents a paradigm-shift for BioMEMS processing; 'Biology-Microfabrication' versus the standard 'Microfabrication-Biology' approach. An Interdigitated Electrode (IDE) developed on the 3D cell-scaffold was used to successfully monitor acute cardiomyocyte growth and controlled population decline. We have further characterized processability of the 3D scaffold, demonstrated long-term biocompatibility of the scaffold with various cell lines and developed a multifunctional layered biosensor composites (MLBCs) using SeedEZ™ and other biocompatible substrates for future multilayer sensor integration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Avra Kundu
- University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
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48
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Del-Canto I, Gómez-Cid L, Hernández-Romero I, Guillem MS, Fernández-Santos ME, Atienza F, Such L, Fernández-Avilés F, Chorro FJ, Climent AM. Ranolazine-Mediated Attenuation of Mechanoelectric Feedback in Atrial Myocyte Monolayers. Front Physiol 2020; 11:922. [PMID: 32848863 PMCID: PMC7417656 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mechanical stretch increases Na+ inflow into myocytes, related to mechanisms including stretch-activated channels or Na+/H+ exchanger activation, involving Ca2+ increase that leads to changes in electrophysiological properties favoring arrhythmia induction. Ranolazine is an antianginal drug with confirmed beneficial effects against cardiac arrhythmias associated with the augmentation of INaL current and Ca2+ overload. Objective This study investigates the effects of mechanical stretch on activation patterns in atrial cell monolayers and its pharmacological response to ranolazine. Methods Confluent HL-1 cells were cultured in silicone membrane plates and were stretched to 110% of original length. The characteristics of in vitro fibrillation (dominant frequency, regularity index, density of phase singularities, rotor meandering, and rotor curvature) were analyzed using optical mapping in order to study the mechanoelectric response to stretch under control conditions and ranolazine action. Results HL-1 cell stretch increased fibrillatory dominant frequency (3.65 ± 0.69 vs. 4.35 ± 0.74 Hz, p < 0.01) and activation complexity (1.97 ± 0.45 vs. 2.66 ± 0.58 PS/cm2, p < 0.01) under control conditions. These effects were related to stretch-induced changes affecting the reentrant patterns, comprising a decrease in rotor meandering (0.72 ± 0.12 vs. 0.62 ± 0.12 cm/s, p < 0.001) and an increase in wavefront curvature (4.90 ± 0.42 vs. 5.68 ± 0.40 rad/cm, p < 0.001). Ranolazine reduced stretch-induced effects, attenuating the activation rate increment (12.8% vs. 19.7%, p < 0.01) and maintaining activation complexity—both parameters being lower during stretch than under control conditions. Moreover, under baseline conditions, ranolazine slowed and regularized the activation patterns (3.04 ± 0.61 vs. 3.65 ± 0.69 Hz, p < 0.01). Conclusion Ranolazine attenuates the modifications of activation patterns induced by mechanical stretch in atrial myocyte monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Del-Canto
- INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Lidia Gómez-Cid
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - María S Guillem
- ITACA Institute, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Eugenia Fernández-Santos
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Felipe Atienza
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Such
- INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Physiology, Universitat de València Estudi General, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Fernández-Avilés
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J Chorro
- INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Andreu M Climent
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain.,ITACA Institute, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
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49
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Laforest B, Dai W, Tyan L, Lazarevic S, Shen KM, Gadek M, Broman MT, Weber CR, Moskowitz IP. Atrial fibrillation risk loci interact to modulate Ca2+-dependent atrial rhythm homeostasis. J Clin Invest 2020; 129:4937-4950. [PMID: 31609246 DOI: 10.1172/jci124231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF), defined by disorganized atrial cardiac rhythm, is the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmia worldwide. Recent genetic studies have highlighted a major heritable component and identified numerous loci associated with AF risk, including the cardiogenic transcription factor genes TBX5, GATA4, and NKX2-5. We report that Tbx5 and Gata4 interact with opposite signs for atrial rhythm controls compared with cardiac development. Using mouse genetics, we found that AF pathophysiology caused by Tbx5 haploinsufficiency, including atrial arrhythmia susceptibility, prolonged action potential duration, and ectopic cardiomyocyte depolarizations, were all rescued by Gata4 haploinsufficiency. In contrast, Nkx2-5 haploinsufficiency showed no combinatorial effect. The molecular basis of the TBX5/GATA4 interaction included normalization of intra-cardiomyocyte calcium flux and expression of calcium channel genes Atp2a2 and Ryr2. Furthermore, GATA4 and TBX5 showed antagonistic interactions on an Ryr2 enhancer. Atrial rhythm instability caused by Tbx5 haploinsufficiency was rescued by a decreased dose of phospholamban, a sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor, consistent with a role for decreased sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium flux in Tbx5-dependent AF susceptibility. This work defines a link between Tbx5 dose, sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium flux, and AF propensity. The unexpected interactions between Tbx5 and Gata4 in atrial rhythm control suggest that evaluating specific interactions between genetic risk loci will be necessary for ascertaining personalized risk from genetic association data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Leonid Tyan
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | | | | | - Michael T Broman
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Ivan P Moskowitz
- Department of Pediatrics, Pathology, and Human Genetics.,Department of Pathology, and
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50
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Trivedi PC, Bartlett JJ, Mercer A, Slade L, Surette M, Ballabio A, Flibotte S, Hussein B, Rodrigues B, Kienesberger PC, Pulinilkunnil T. Loss of function of transcription factor EB remodels lipid metabolism and cell death pathways in the cardiomyocyte. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165832. [PMID: 32437957 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Glucolipotoxicity following nutrient overload causes cardiomyocyte injury by inhibiting TFEB and suppressing lysosomal function. We ascertained whether in addition to the amount, the type of fatty acids (FAs) and duration of FA exposure regulate TFEB action and dictate cardiomyocyte viability. Saturated FA, palmitate, but not polyunsaturated FAs decreased TFEB content in a concentration- and time-dependent manner in cardiomyocytes. Hearts from high-fat high-sucrose diet-fed mice exhibited a temporal decline in nuclear TFEB content with marked elevation of diacylglycerol and triacylglycerol, suggesting that lipid deposition and TFEB loss are concomitant molecular events. Next, we examined the identity of signaling and metabolic pathways engaged by the loss of TFEB action in the cardiomyocyte. Transcriptome analysis in murine cardiomyocytes with targeted deletion of myocyte TFEB (TFEB-/-) revealed enrichment of differentially expressed genes (DEG) representing pathways of nutrient metabolism, DNA damage and repair, cell death and cardiac function. Strikingly, genes involved in macroautophagy, mitophagy and lysosome function constituted a small portion of DEGs in TFEB-/- cardiomyocytes. In myoblasts and/or myocytes, nutrient overload-induced lipid droplet accumulation and caspase-3 activation were exacerbated by silencing TFEB or attenuated by overexpressing constitutively active TFEB. The effect of TFEB overexpression were persistent in the presence of Atg7 loss-of-function, signifying that the effect of TFEB in the myocyte is independent of changes in the macroautophagy pathway. In the cardiomyocyte, the non-canonical effect of TFEB to reprogram energy metabolism is more evident than the canonical action of TFEB on lysosomal autophagy. Loss of TFEB function perturbs metabolic pathways in the cardiomyocyte and renders the heart prematurely susceptible to nutrient overload-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purvi C Trivedi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, E2L 4L5 Saint John, NB, Canada
| | - Jordan J Bartlett
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, E2L 4L5 Saint John, NB, Canada
| | - Angella Mercer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, E2L 4L5 Saint John, NB, Canada
| | - Logan Slade
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, E2L 4L5 Saint John, NB, Canada
| | - Marc Surette
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Stephane Flibotte
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 4200 University Blvd, V6T 1Z4 Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Bahira Hussein
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, V6T 1Z3 Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Brian Rodrigues
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, V6T 1Z3 Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Petra C Kienesberger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, E2L 4L5 Saint John, NB, Canada
| | - Thomas Pulinilkunnil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, E2L 4L5 Saint John, NB, Canada.
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