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Dzhauari S, Basalova N, Primak A, Balabanyan V, Efimenko A, Skryabina M, Popov V, Velichko A, Bozov K, Akopyan Z, Malkov P, Stambolsky D, Tkachuk V, Karagyaur M. The Secretome of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Treating Intracerebral Hemorrhage: The First Step to Bedside. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1608. [PMID: 37376058 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage is an unmet medical need that often leads to the disability and death of a patient. The lack of effective treatments for intracerebral hemorrhage makes it necessary to look for them. Previously, in our proof-of-concept study (Karagyaur M et al. Pharmaceutics, 2021), we have shown that the secretome of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) provides neuroprotection of the brain in a model of intracerebral hemorrhage in rats. Here, we have conducted a systematic study of the therapeutic potential of the MSC secretome in the model of hemorrhagic stroke and provided answers to the questions that need to be addressed in order to translate the secretome-based drug into clinical practice: routes and multiplicity of administration, optimal dose and door-to-treatment time. We have found that MSC secretome reveals prominent neuroprotective activity when administered intranasally or intravenously within 1-3 h after hemorrhage modeling, even in aged rats, and its multiple injections (even within 48 h) are able to reduce the delayed negative effects of hemorrhagic stroke. To our knowledge, this study provides the first systematic investigation of the therapeutic activity of a biomedical MSC-based cell-free drug in intracerebral hemorrhage and is an integral part of its preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stalik Dzhauari
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nataliya Basalova
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandra Primak
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vadim Balabanyan
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia Efimenko
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mariya Skryabina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Popov
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Arkadiy Velichko
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Kirill Bozov
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Zhanna Akopyan
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel Malkov
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry Stambolsky
- Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vsevolod Tkachuk
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim Karagyaur
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10 Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
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2
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Lu C, Prahm C, Chen Y, Ehnert S, Rinderknecht H, McCaig CD, Nussler AK, Kolbenschlag J. Microcurrent Reverses Cigarette Smoke-Induced Angiogenesis Impairment in Human Keratinocytes In Vitro. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9090445. [PMID: 36134990 PMCID: PMC9495747 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9090445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking (CS) leads to several adverse health effects, including diseases, disabilities, and even death. Post-operative and trauma patients who smoke have an increased risk for complications, such as delayed bone or wound healing. In clinical trials, microcurrent (MC) has been shown to be a safe, non-invasive, and effective way to accelerate wound healing. Our study aimed to investigate if MC with the strength of 100 μA may be beneficial in treating CS-related healing impairment, especially in regard to angiogenesis. In this study, we investigated the effect of human keratinocyte cells (HaCaT) on angiogenesis after 72 h of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) exposure in the presence or absence of 100 μA MC. Cell viability and proliferation were evaluated by resazurin conversion, Sulforhodamine B, and Calcein-AM/Hoechst 33342 staining; the pro-angiogenic potential of HaCaT cells was evaluated by tube formation assay and angiogenesis array assay; signaling pathway alterations were investigated using Western blot. Constant exposure for 72 h to a 100 μA MC enhanced the angiogenic ability of HaCaT cells, which was mediated through the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. In conclusion, the current data indicate that 100 μA MC may support wound healing in smoking patients by enhancing angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Lu
- Department of Hand-, Plastic, Reconstructive and Burn Surgery, BG Klinik Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstrasse 95, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Cosima Prahm
- Department of Hand-, Plastic, Reconstructive and Burn Surgery, BG Klinik Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstrasse 95, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Yangmengfan Chen
- Siegfried-Weller Institute for Trauma Research, BG Kinik Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstrasse 95, D-72070 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sabrina Ehnert
- Siegfried-Weller Institute for Trauma Research, BG Kinik Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstrasse 95, D-72070 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Helen Rinderknecht
- Siegfried-Weller Institute for Trauma Research, BG Kinik Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstrasse 95, D-72070 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Colin D. McCaig
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Andreas K. Nussler
- Siegfried-Weller Institute for Trauma Research, BG Kinik Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstrasse 95, D-72070 Tuebingen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-7071-606-1065
| | - Jonas Kolbenschlag
- Department of Hand-, Plastic, Reconstructive and Burn Surgery, BG Klinik Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstrasse 95, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany
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3
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Han Y, Yang J, Fang J, Zhou Y, Candi E, Wang J, Hua D, Shao C, Shi Y. The secretion profile of mesenchymal stem cells and potential applications in treating human diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:92. [PMID: 35314676 PMCID: PMC8935608 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-00932-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractMesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) possess multi-lineage differentiation and self-renewal potentials. MSCs-based therapies have been widely utilized for the treatment of diverse inflammatory diseases, due to the potent immunoregulatory functions of MSCs. An increasing body of evidence indicates that MSCs exert their therapeutic effects largely through their paracrine actions. Growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, extracellular matrix components, and metabolic products were all found to be functional molecules of MSCs in various therapeutic paradigms. These secretory factors contribute to immune modulation, tissue remodeling, and cellular homeostasis during regeneration. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent advances in our understanding of the secretory behavior of MSCs and the intracellular communication that accounts for their potential in treating human diseases.
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Chen TY, Liu CH, Chen TH, Chen MR, Liu SW, Lin P, Lin KMC. Conditioned Media of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Suppresses Sidestream Cigarette Smoke Extract Induced Cell Death and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Lung Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222112069. [PMID: 34769496 PMCID: PMC8584490 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in lung epithelial cells is increasingly being recognized as a key stage in the development of COPD, fibrosis, and lung cancers, which are all highly associated with cigarette smoking and with exposure to second-hand smoke. Using the exposure of human lung cancer epithelial A549 cells and non-cancerous Beas-2B cells to sidestream cigarette smoke extract (CSE) as a model, we studied the protective effects of adipose-derived stem cell-conditioned medium (ADSC-CM) against CSE-induced cell death and EMT. CSE dose-dependently induced cell death, decreased epithelial markers, and increased the expression of mesenchymal markers. Upstream regulator analysis of differentially expressed genes after CSE exposure revealed similar pathways as those observed in typical EMT induced by TGF-β1. CSE-induced cell death was clearly attenuated by ADSC-CM but not by other control media, such as a pass-through fraction of ADSC-CM or A549-CM. ADSC-CM effectively inhibited CSE-induced EMT and was able to reverse the gradual loss of epithelial marker expression associated with TGF-β1 treatment. CSE or TGF-β1 enhanced the speed of A549 migration by 2- to 3-fold, and ADSC-CM was effective in blocking the cell migration induced by either agent. Future work will build on the results of this in vitro study by defining the molecular mechanisms through which ADSC-CM protects lung epithelial cells from EMT induced by toxicants in second-hand smoke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yin Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan; (T.-Y.C.); (C.-H.L.); (T.-H.C.); (M.-R.C.); (S.-W.L.)
| | - Chia-Hao Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan; (T.-Y.C.); (C.-H.L.); (T.-H.C.); (M.-R.C.); (S.-W.L.)
| | - Tsung-Hsien Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan; (T.-Y.C.); (C.-H.L.); (T.-H.C.); (M.-R.C.); (S.-W.L.)
- Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi 600566, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ru Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan; (T.-Y.C.); (C.-H.L.); (T.-H.C.); (M.-R.C.); (S.-W.L.)
| | - Shan-Wen Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan; (T.-Y.C.); (C.-H.L.); (T.-H.C.); (M.-R.C.); (S.-W.L.)
- Institute of Population Health, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan
| | - Pinpin Lin
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan;
| | - Kurt Ming-Chao Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan; (T.-Y.C.); (C.-H.L.); (T.-H.C.); (M.-R.C.); (S.-W.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-37206166 (ext. 37118)
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5
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Chen XY, Chen YY, Lin W, Chen CH, Wen YC, Hsiao TC, Chou HC, Chung KF, Chuang HC. Therapeutic Potential of Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Recovering From Murine Pulmonary Emphysema Under Cigarette Smoke Exposure. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:713824. [PMID: 34646841 PMCID: PMC8502916 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.713824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) were shown to have potential for immunoregulation and tissue repair. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of hUC-MSCs on emphysema in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The C57BL/6JNarl mice were exposed to cigarette smoke (CS) for 4 months followed by administration of hUC-MSCs at 3 × 106 (low dose), 1 × 107 (medium dose), and 3 × 107 cells/kg body weight (high dose). The hUC-MSCs caused significant decreases in emphysema severity by measuring the mean linear intercept (MLI) and destructive index (DI). A decrease in neutrophils (%) and an increase in lymphocytes (%) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were observed in emphysematous mice after hUC-MSC treatment. Lung levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1)/keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC), and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-12 significantly decreased after hUC-MSC administration. Significant reductions in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-1β, and IL-17A in serum occurred after hUC-MSC administration. Notably, the cell viability of lung fibroblasts improved with hUC-MSCs after being treated with CS extract (CSE). Furthermore, the hUC-MSCs-conditioned medium (hUC-MSCs-CM) restored the contractile force, and increased messenger RNA expressions of elastin and fibronectin by lung fibroblasts. In conclusion, hUC-MSCs reduced inflammatory responses and emphysema severity in CS-induced emphysematous mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yue Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ying Chen
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Willie Lin
- Meridigen Biotech Co., Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Ta-Chih Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chu Chou
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hsiao-Chi Chuang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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6
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Gurunathan S, Kang MH, Kim JH. Diverse Effects of Exosomes on COVID-19: A Perspective of Progress From Transmission to Therapeutic Developments. Front Immunol 2021; 12:716407. [PMID: 34394121 PMCID: PMC8355618 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.716407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new strain of coronavirus and the causative agent of the current global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). There are currently no FDA-approved antiviral drugs for COVID-19 and there is an urgent need to develop treatment strategies that can effectively suppress SARS-CoV-2 infection. Numerous approaches have been researched so far, with one of them being the emerging exosome-based therapies. Exosomes are nano-sized, lipid bilayer-enclosed structures, share structural similarities with viruses secreted from all types of cells, including those lining the respiratory tract. Importantly, the interplay between exosomes and viruses could be potentially exploited for antiviral drug and vaccine development. Exosomes are produced by virus-infected cells and play crucial roles in mediating communication between infected and uninfected cells. SARS-CoV-2 modulates the production and composition of exosomes, and can exploit exosome formation, secretion, and release pathways to promote infection, transmission, and intercellular spread. Exosomes have been exploited for therapeutic benefits in patients afflicted with various diseases including COVID-19. Furthermore, the administration of exosomes loaded with immunomodulatory cargo in combination with antiviral drugs represents a novel intervention for the treatment of diseases such as COVID-19. In particular, exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are used as cell-free therapeutic agents. Mesenchymal stem cell derived exosomes reduces the cytokine storm and reverse the inhibition of host anti-viral defenses associated with COVID-19 and also enhances mitochondrial function repair lung injuries. We discuss the role of exosomes in relation to transmission, infection, diagnosis, treatment, therapeutics, drug delivery, and vaccines, and present some future perspectives regarding their use for combating COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min Hee Kang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
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7
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Antounians L, Catania VD, Montalva L, Liu BD, Hou H, Chan C, Matei AC, Tzanetakis A, Li B, Figueira RL, da Costa KM, Wong AP, Mitchell R, David AL, Patel K, De Coppi P, Sbragia L, Wilson MD, Rossant J, Zani A. Fetal lung underdevelopment is rescued by administration of amniotic fluid stem cell extracellular vesicles in rodents. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/590/eaax5941. [PMID: 33883273 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aax5941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fetal lung underdevelopment, also known as pulmonary hypoplasia, is characterized by decreased lung growth and maturation. The most common birth defect found in babies with pulmonary hypoplasia is congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Despite research and clinical advances, babies with CDH still have high morbidity and mortality rates, which are directly related to the severity of lung underdevelopment. To date, there is no effective treatment that promotes fetal lung growth and maturation. Here, we describe a stem cell-based approach in rodents that enhances fetal lung development via the administration of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSCs). Using fetal rodent models of pulmonary hypoplasia (primary epithelial cells, organoids, explants, and in vivo), we demonstrated that AFSC-EV administration promoted branching morphogenesis and alveolarization, rescued tissue homeostasis, and stimulated epithelial cell and fibroblast differentiation. We confirmed this regenerative ability in in vitro models of lung injury using human material, where human AFSC-EVs obtained following good manufacturing practices restored pulmonary epithelial homeostasis. Investigating EV mechanism of action, we found that AFSC-EV beneficial effects were exerted via the release of RNA cargo. MicroRNAs regulating the expression of genes involved in lung development, such as the miR17-92 cluster and its paralogs, were highly enriched in AFSC-EVs and were increased in AFSC-EV-treated primary lung epithelial cells compared to untreated cells. Our findings suggest that AFSC-EVs hold regenerative ability for underdeveloped fetal lungs, demonstrating potential for therapeutic application in patients with pulmonary hypoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Antounians
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 0A4, Canada.,Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Vincenzo D Catania
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 0A4, Canada.,Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Louise Montalva
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 0A4, Canada.,Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Benjamin D Liu
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 0A4, Canada.,Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Huayun Hou
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Cadia Chan
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Andreea C Matei
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 0A4, Canada.,Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Areti Tzanetakis
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 0A4, Canada.,Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Bo Li
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 1X8, Canada.,Translational Medicine Program, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Rebeca L Figueira
- Laboratory of Experimental Fetal and Neonatal Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paolo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Karina M da Costa
- Laboratory of Experimental Fetal and Neonatal Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paolo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Amy P Wong
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Robert Mitchell
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AS, UK
| | - Anna L David
- Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London WC1E 6HU, UK.,NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London W1T 7HA, UK
| | - Ketan Patel
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AS, UK.,FRIAS Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Paolo De Coppi
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College of London, London WC1N 1EH, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre and Specialist Neonatal and Paediatric Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Lourenço Sbragia
- Laboratory of Experimental Fetal and Neonatal Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paolo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Michael D Wilson
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Janet Rossant
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Augusto Zani
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 0A4, Canada. .,Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 1X8, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5T 1P5, Canada
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8
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Samarelli AV, Tonelli R, Heijink I, Martin Medina A, Marchioni A, Bruzzi G, Castaniere I, Andrisani D, Gozzi F, Manicardi L, Moretti A, Cerri S, Fantini R, Tabbì L, Nani C, Mastrolia I, Weiss DJ, Dominici M, Clini E. Dissecting the Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Cause or Solution. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:692551. [PMID: 34290610 PMCID: PMC8287856 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.692551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is one of the most aggressive forms of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias, characterized by chronic and progressive fibrosis subverting the lung's architecture, pulmonary functional decline, progressive respiratory failure, and high mortality (median survival 3 years after diagnosis). Among the mechanisms associated with disease onset and progression, it has been hypothesized that IPF lungs might be affected either by a regenerative deficit of the alveolar epithelium or by a dysregulation of repair mechanisms in response to alveolar and vascular damage. This latter might be related to the progressive dysfunction and exhaustion of the resident stem cells together with a process of cellular and tissue senescence. The role of endogenous mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) resident in the lung in the homeostasis of these mechanisms is still a matter of debate. Although endogenous MSCs may play a critical role in lung repair, they are also involved in cellular senescence and tissue ageing processes with loss of lung regenerative potential. In addition, MSCs have immunomodulatory properties and can secrete anti-fibrotic factors. Thus, MSCs obtained from other sources administered systemically or directly into the lung have been investigated for lung epithelial repair and have been explored as a potential therapy for the treatment of lung diseases including IPF. Given these multiple potential roles of MSCs, this review aims both at elucidating the role of resident lung MSCs in IPF pathogenesis and the role of administered MSCs from other sources for potential IPF therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Valeria Samarelli
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Roberto Tonelli
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Irene Heijink
- University of Groningen, Departments of Pathology & Medical Biology and Pulmonology, GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Aina Martin Medina
- IdISBa (Institut d’Investigacio Sanitaria Illes Balears), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Alessandro Marchioni
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Bruzzi
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Ivana Castaniere
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Dario Andrisani
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Filippo Gozzi
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Linda Manicardi
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Antonio Moretti
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Stefania Cerri
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Riccardo Fantini
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Tabbì
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Chiara Nani
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Ilenia Mastrolia
- Laboratory of Cellular Therapy, Program of Cell Therapy and Immuno-Oncology, Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Daniel J. Weiss
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Massimo Dominici
- Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Enrico Clini
- Laboratory of Cell Therapies and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- University Hospital of Modena, Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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9
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Chen YT, Miao K, Zhou L, Xiong WN. Stem cell therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chin Med J (Engl) 2021; 134:1535-1545. [PMID: 34250959 PMCID: PMC8280064 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000001596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by persistent and not fully reversible airflow restrictions, is currently one of the most widespread chronic lung diseases in the world. The most common symptoms of COPD are cough, expectoration, and exertional dyspnea. Although various strategies have been developed during the last few decades, current medical treatment for COPD only focuses on the relief of symptoms, and the reversal of lung function deterioration and improvement in patient's quality of life are very limited. Consequently, development of novel effective therapeutic strategies for COPD is urgently needed. Stem cells were known to differentiate into a variety of cell types and used to regenerate lung parenchyma and airway structures. Stem cell therapy is a promising therapeutic strategy that has the potential to restore the lung function and improve the quality of life in patients with COPD. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge regarding the clinical research on the treatment of COPD with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and aims to update the understanding of the role of MSCs in COPD treatment, which may be helpful for developing effective therapeutic strategies in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Tian Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Kang Miao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Key Cite of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan Clinical Medical Research Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Linfu Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Wei-Ning Xiong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
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10
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Weiss DJ, Segal K, Casaburi R, Hayes J, Tashkin D. Effect of mesenchymal stromal cell infusions on lung function in COPD patients with high CRP levels. Respir Res 2021; 22:142. [PMID: 33964910 PMCID: PMC8106850 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01734-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We previously reported a Phase 1/2 randomized placebo-controlled trial of systemic administration of bone marrow-derived allogeneic MSCs (remestemcel-L) in COPD. While safety profile was good, no functional efficacy was observed. However, in view of growing recognition of effects of inflammatory environments on MSC actions we conducted a post-hoc analysis with stratification by baseline levels of a circulating inflammatory marker, C-reactive protein (CRP) to determine the effects of MSC administration in COPD patients with varying circulating CRP levels. Methods Time course of lung function, exercise performance, patient reported responses, and exacerbation frequency following four monthly infusions of remestemcel-L vs. placebo were re-assessed in subgroups based on baseline circulating CRP levels. Results In COPD patients with baseline CRP ≥ 4 mg/L, compared to COPD patients receiving placebo (N = 17), those treated with remestemcel-L (N = 12), demonstrated significant improvements from baseline in forced expiratory volume in one second, forced vital capacity, and six minute walk distance at 120 days with treatment differences evident as early as 10 days after the first infusion. Significant although smaller benefits were also detected in those with CRP levels ≥ 2 or ≥ 3 mg/L. These improvements persisted variably over the 2-year observational period. No significant benefits were observed in patient reported responses or number of COPD exacerbations between treatment groups. Conclusion In an inflammatory environment, defined by elevated circulating CRP, remestemcel-L administration yielded at least transient meaningful pulmonary and functional improvements. These findings warrant further investigation of potential MSC-based therapies in COPD and other inflammatory pulmonary diseases. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00683722.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Weiss
- University of Vermont College of Medicine, 226 Health Science Research Facility, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.
| | | | - Richard Casaburi
- Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | | | - Donald Tashkin
- UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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11
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Jamshidi E, Babajani A, Soltani P, Niknejad H. Proposed Mechanisms of Targeting COVID-19 by Delivering Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Exosomes to Damaged Organs. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:176-192. [PMID: 33432484 PMCID: PMC7799400 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10109-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
With the outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the world has been facing an unprecedented challenge. Considering the lack of appropriate therapy for COVID-19, it is crucial to develop effective treatments instead of supportive approaches. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as multipotent stromal cells have been shown to possess treating potency through inhibiting or modulating the pathological events in COVID-19. MSCs and their exosomes participate in immunomodulation by controlling cell-mediated immunity and cytokine release. Furthermore, they repair the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) malfunction, increase alveolar fluid clearance, and reduce the chance of hypercoagulation. Besides the lung, which is the primary target of SARS-CoV-2, the heart, kidney, nervous system, and gastrointestinal tract are also affected by COVID-19. Thus, the efficacy of targeting these organs via different delivery routes of MSCs and their exosomes should be evaluated to ensure safe and effective MSCs administration in COVID-19. This review focuses on the proposed therapeutic mechanisms and delivery routes of MSCs and their exosomes to the damaged organs. It also discusses the possible application of primed and genetically modified MSCs as a promising drug delivery system in COVID-19. Moreover, the recent advances in the clinical trials of MSCs and MSCs-derived exosomes as one of the promising therapeutic approaches in COVID-19 have been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Jamshidi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhesam Babajani
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pegah Soltani
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Niknejad
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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12
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Brave H, MacLoughlin R. State of the Art Review of Cell Therapy in the Treatment of Lung Disease, and the Potential for Aerosol Delivery. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6435. [PMID: 32899381 PMCID: PMC7503246 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory and pulmonary diseases are among the leading causes of death globally. Despite tremendous advancements, there are no effective pharmacological therapies capable of curing diseases such as COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome), and COVID-19. Novel and innovative therapies such as advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) are still in early development. However, they have exhibited significant potential preclinically and clinically. There are several longitudinal studies published, primarily focusing on the use of cell therapies for respiratory diseases due to their anti-inflammatory and reparative properties, thereby hinting that they have the capability of reducing mortality and improving the quality of life for patients. The primary objective of this paper is to set out a state of the art review on the use of aerosolized MSCs and their potential to treat these incurable diseases. This review will examine selected respiratory and pulmonary diseases, present an overview of the therapeutic potential of cell therapy and finally provide insight into potential routes of administration, with a focus on aerosol-mediated ATMP delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosanna Brave
- College of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences, National University of Ireland, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland;
| | - Ronan MacLoughlin
- Department of Chemistry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- Aerogen Ltd. Galway Business Park, H91 HE94 Galway, Ireland
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13
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Pham PV, Vu NB. Off-the-shelf mesenchymal stem cells from human umbilical cord tissue can significantly improve symptoms in COVID-19 patients: An analysis of evidential relations. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:721-730. [PMID: 32952854 PMCID: PMC7477657 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i8.721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has affected more than 200 countries worldwide. This disease has hugely affected healthcare systems as well as the economy to an extent never seen before. To date, COVID-19 infection has led to about 165000 deaths in 150 countries. At present, there is no specific drug or efficient treatment for this disease. In this analysis based on evidential relationships of the biological characteristics of MSCs, especially umbilical cord (UC)-derived MSCs as well as the first clinical trial using MSCs for COVID-19 treatment, we discuss the use of UC-MSCs to improve the symptoms of COVID-19 in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuc Van Pham
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh 08000, Viet Nam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh 08000, Viet Nam
| | - Ngoc Bich Vu
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh 08000, Viet Nam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh 08000, Viet Nam
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14
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Burja B, Barlič A, Erman A, Mrak-Poljšak K, Tomšič M, Sodin-Semrl S, Lakota K. Human mesenchymal stromal cells from different tissues exhibit unique responses to different inflammatory stimuli. Curr Res Transl Med 2020; 68:217-224. [PMID: 32843323 DOI: 10.1016/j.retram.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) - based therapies are emerging as promising treatment of various autoimmune diseases, however the utility of different MSC tissue sources remains elusive. We aimed to characterize MSC from different origins, namely bone marrow (BM), adipose tissue (AT) and umbilical cord (UC) and determine their functional effects on normal human lung fibroblasts (NHLF). METHODS BM-, AT- or UC-MSC were isolated each from 3 different healthy donors. The gene expression and protein secretion were analyzed at basal level, along with TNFα-, IL-1β- and SAA- stimulated cells using real-time PCR and Luminex technology. Effect of conditioned medium (CM) from different MSC sources on migration was determined with wound scratch assay, while mitotic and apoptotic rates were studied using immunofluorescence microscopy. RESULTS BM-MSC expressed highest basal mRNA levels of SDF1 and VCAM-1, while other genes were similarly expressed between MSC origins. TNFα priming of AT-MSC gained a prominent increase in IDO1 and CCL5 gene expression, with 928-fold and 4396-fold changes, respectively. Among all tissue sources, basal UC-MSC released highest protein levels of most measured analytes, including IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, ICAM1, HGF, MMP1 and CH3L1. BM- and AT-MSC derived CM enhanced wound closure in NHLF, while an opposite effect was observed with UC-MSC derived CM. Our data also suggests that MSC-CM could contribute to decreased mitotic potential and increased apoptotic rate in lung fibroblasts. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights origin-specific MSC profile differences and emphasizes a heterogenic response of different MSC to inflammatory stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blaž Burja
- University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Department of Rheumatology, Ljubljana, Slovenia; University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | | | - Andreja Erman
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cell Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Katjuša Mrak-Poljšak
- University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Department of Rheumatology, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Matija Tomšič
- University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Department of Rheumatology, Ljubljana, Slovenia; University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Snezna Sodin-Semrl
- University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Department of Rheumatology, Ljubljana, Slovenia; University of Primorska, FAMNIT, Koper, Slovenia.
| | - Katja Lakota
- University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Department of Rheumatology, Ljubljana, Slovenia; University of Primorska, FAMNIT, Koper, Slovenia.
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15
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Biocompatibility of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Rat Inner Ear following Trans-Tympanic Administration. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9061711. [PMID: 32498432 PMCID: PMC7355977 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in stem cell therapy have led to an increased interest within the auditory community in exploring the potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the treatment of inner ear disorders. However, the biocompatibility of MSCs with the inner ear, especially when delivered non-surgically and in the immunocompetent cochlea, is not completely understood. In this study, we determined the effect of intratympanic administration of rodent bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSCs) on the inner ear in an immunocompetent rat model. The administration of MSCs did not lead to the generation of any oxidative stress in the rat inner ear. There was no significant production of proinflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and IL-12, due to BM-MSCs administration into the rat cochlea. BM-MSCs do not activate caspase 3 pathway, which plays a central role in sensory cell damage. Additionally, transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining determined that there was no significant cell death associated with the administration of BM-MSCs. The results of the present study suggest that trans-tympanic administration of BM-MSCs does not result in oxidative stress or inflammatory response in the immunocompetent rat cochlea.
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16
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Sveiven SN, Nordgren TM. Lung-resident mesenchymal stromal cells are tissue-specific regulators of lung homeostasis. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 319:L197-L210. [PMID: 32401672 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00049.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Until recently, data supporting the tissue-resident status of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) has been ambiguous since their discovery in the 1950-60s. These progenitor cells were first discovered as bone marrow-derived adult multipotent cells and believed to migrate to sites of injury, opposing the notion that they are residents of all tissue types. In recent years, however, it has been demonstrated that MSC can be found in all tissues and MSC from different tissues represent distinct populations with differential protein expression unique to each tissue type. Importantly, these cells are efficient mediators of tissue repair, regeneration, and prove to be targets for therapeutics, demonstrated by clinical trials (phase 1-4) for MSC-derived therapies for diseases like graft-versus-host-disease, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and Crohn's disease. The tissue-resident status of MSC found in the lung is a key feature of their importance in the context of disease and injuries of the respiratory system, since these cells could be instrumental to providing more specific and targeted therapies. Currently, bone marrow-derived MSC have been established in the treatment of disease, including diseases of the lung. However, with lung-resident MSC representing a unique population with a different phenotypic and gene expression pattern than MSC derived from other tissues, their role in remediating lung inflammation and injury could provide enhanced efficacy over bone marrow-derived MSC methods. Through this review, lung-resident MSC will be characterized, using previously published data, by surface markers, gene expression patterns, and compared with bone-marrow MSC to highlight similarities and, importantly, differences in these cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Noel Sveiven
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California
| | - Tara M Nordgren
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California
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17
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Behnke J, Kremer S, Shahzad T, Chao CM, Böttcher-Friebertshäuser E, Morty RE, Bellusci S, Ehrhardt H. MSC Based Therapies-New Perspectives for the Injured Lung. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9030682. [PMID: 32138309 PMCID: PMC7141210 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic lung diseases pose a tremendous global burden. At least one in four people suffer from severe pulmonary sequelae over the course of a lifetime. Despite substantial improvements in therapeutic interventions, persistent alleviation of clinical symptoms cannot be offered to most patients affected to date. Despite broad discrepancies in origins and pathomechanisms, the important disease entities all have in common the pulmonary inflammatory response which is central to lung injury and structural abnormalities. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) attract particular attention due to their broadly acting anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties. Plenty of preclinical studies provided congruent and convincing evidence that MSC have the therapeutic potential to alleviate lung injuries across ages. These include the disease entities bronchopulmonary dysplasia, asthma and the different forms of acute lung injury and chronic pulmonary diseases in adulthood. While clinical trials are so far restricted to pioneering trials on safety and feasibility, preclinical results point out possibilities to boost the therapeutic efficacy of MSC application and to take advantage of the MSC secretome. The presented review summarizes the most recent advances and highlights joint mechanisms of MSC action across disease entities which provide the basis to timely tackle this global disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Behnke
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Feulgenstrasse 12, 35392 Gießen, Germany; (J.B.); (S.K.); (T.S.); (C.-M.C.)
| | - Sarah Kremer
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Feulgenstrasse 12, 35392 Gießen, Germany; (J.B.); (S.K.); (T.S.); (C.-M.C.)
| | - Tayyab Shahzad
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Feulgenstrasse 12, 35392 Gießen, Germany; (J.B.); (S.K.); (T.S.); (C.-M.C.)
| | - Cho-Ming Chao
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Feulgenstrasse 12, 35392 Gießen, Germany; (J.B.); (S.K.); (T.S.); (C.-M.C.)
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
| | | | - Rory E. Morty
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Ludwigstrasse 43, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany;
| | - Saverio Bellusci
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Aulweg 130, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
| | - Harald Ehrhardt
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Feulgenstrasse 12, 35392 Gießen, Germany; (J.B.); (S.K.); (T.S.); (C.-M.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-985-43400; Fax: +49-985-43419
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18
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Hingert D, Nawilaijaroen P, Aldridge J, Baranto A, Brisby H. Investigation of the Effect of Secreted Factors from Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Disc Cells from Degenerated Discs. Cells Tissues Organs 2020; 208:76-88. [PMID: 32092752 DOI: 10.1159/000506350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Low back pain is experienced by a large number of people in western countries and may be caused and influenced by many different pathologies and psychosocial factors including disc degeneration. Disc degeneration involves the increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in the disc environment, which leads to the loss of extracellular matrix (ECM) and the viability of the native disc cells (DCs). Treatment approaches using growth factors and cell therapy have been proposed due to the compelling results that growth factors and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can influence the degenerated discs. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of conditioned media (CM) from human MSCs (hMSCs) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and TGF-β on disc cells, and hMSCs isolated from patients with degenerative discs and severe low back pain. The aim was also to examine the constituents of CM in order to study the peptides that could bring about intervertebral disc (IVD) regeneration. DCs and hMSC pellets (approx.. 200,000 cells) were cultured and stimulated with hMSC-derived CM or CTGF and TGF-β over 28 days. The effects of CM and CTGF on DCs and hMSCs were assessed via cell viability, proteoglycan production, the expression of ECM proteins, and chondrogenesis in 3D pellet culture. To identify the constituents of CM, CM was analyzed with tandem mass spectrometry. The findings indicate that CM enhanced the cellular viability and ECM production of DCs while CTGF and the control exhibited nonsignificant differences. The same was observed in the hMSC group. Mass spectrometry analysis of CM identified >700 peptides, 129 of which showed a relative abundance of ≥2 (CTGF among them). The results suggest that CM holds potential to counter the progression of disc degeneration, likely resulting from the combination of all the substances released by the hMSCs. The soluble factors released belong to different peptide families. The precise mechanism underlying the regenerative effect needs to be investigated further, prior to incorporating peptides in the development of new treatment strategies for low back pain that is potentially caused by IVD degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne Hingert
- Department of Orthopedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden,
| | | | - Jonathan Aldridge
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Adad Baranto
- Department of Orthopedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Orthopedics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Helena Brisby
- Department of Orthopedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Orthopedics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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19
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Takeuchi S, Hirasaki E, Kumakura H. Muscle Spindle Density of Lateral Rotators of the Thigh in Japanese Macaques and a Gibbon. Cells Tissues Organs 2020; 208:1-12. [PMID: 31927538 DOI: 10.1159/000504958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined the six small lateral rotators of the hip joint, which is one of the most flexible joints and allows kinematically complex motions of the hindlimb, to elucidate the functional differentiation among these muscles and to test the hypothesis that species-specific characteristics in hindlimb use during locomotion are reflected in the muscle spindle density and in other parameters of the deep small hip joint rotators. For these purposes, we estimated the number of muscle spindles of the superior gemellus muscle (SG), inferior gemellus muscle, quadratus femoris muscle, obturator internus muscle (OI), obturator externus muscle, and piriformis muscle in three Japanese macaques and a gibbon, using 30-µm-thick serial sections throughout each muscle length after azan staining. The numbers of muscle spindles per 10,000 muscle fibers were determined to compare inter-muscle variation. The spindle density was highest in the SG and lowest in the OI in the Japanese macaques, suggesting that the SG, which is attached to the tendon of the OI, functions as a kinesiological monitor of the OI. On the other hand, SG the was missing in the gibbon, and the OI in the gibbon contained more spindles than that in the Japanese macaques. This suggests that the SG and the OI fused into one muscle in the gibbon. We postulate that the relative importance of the deep small hip rotator muscles differs between the Japanese macaques and gibbon and that the gibbon's muscles are less differentiated in terms of the spindle density, probably because this brachiating species uses its hindlimbs less frequently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawa Takeuchi
- Department of Biological Anthropology, Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Eishi Hirasaki
- Section of Evolutionary Morphology, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan,
| | - Hiroo Kumakura
- Department of Biological Anthropology, Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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Garrett SM, Hsu E, Thomas JM, Pilewski JM, Feghali-Bostwick C. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II- mediated fibrosis in pathogenic lung conditions. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225422. [PMID: 31765403 PMCID: PMC6876936 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 insulin-like growth factor (IGF-II) levels are increased in fibrosing lung diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and scleroderma/systemic sclerosis-associated pulmonary fibrosis (SSc). Our goal was to investigate the contribution of IGF receptors to IGF-II-mediated fibrosis in these diseases and identify other potential mechanisms key to the fibrotic process. Cognate receptor gene and protein expression were analyzed with qRT-PCR and immunoblot in primary fibroblasts derived from lung tissues of normal donors (NL) and patients with IPF or SSc. Compared to NL, steady-state receptor gene expression was decreased in SSc but not in IPF. IGF-II stimulation differentially decreased receptor mRNA and protein levels in NL, IPF, and SSc fibroblasts. Neutralizing antibody, siRNA, and receptor inhibition targeting endogenous IGF-II and its primary receptors, type 1 IGF receptor (IGF1R), IGF2R, and insulin receptor (IR) resulted in loss of the IGF-II response. IGF-II tipped the TIMP:MMP balance, promoting a fibrotic environment both intracellularly and extracellularly. Differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts by IGF-II was blocked with a TGFβ1 receptor inhibitor. IGF-II also increased TGFβ2 and TGFβ3 expression, with subsequent activation of canonical SMAD2/3 signaling. Therefore, IGF-II promoted fibrosis through IGF1R, IR, and IGF1R/IR, differentiated fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, decreased protease production and extracellular matrix degradation, and stimulated expression of two TGFβ isoforms, suggesting that IGF-II exerts pro-fibrotic effects via multiple mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M. Garrett
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Eileen Hsu
- Mid Atlantic Permanente Medical Group, Mclean, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Justin M. Thomas
- Eisenhower Medical Center, Rancho Mirage, California, United States of America
| | - Joseph M. Pilewski
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Carol Feghali-Bostwick
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
As the prevalence and impact of lung diseases continue to increase worldwide, new therapeutic strategies are desperately needed. Advances in lung-regenerative medicine, a broad field encompassing stem cells, cell-based therapies, and a range of bioengineering approaches, offer new insights into and new techniques for studying lung physiology and pathophysiology. This provides a platform for the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Applicability to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease of recent advances and applications in cell-based therapies, predominantly those with mesenchymal stromal cell-based approaches, and bioengineering approaches for lung diseases are reviewed.
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Liu A, Zhang X, He H, Zhou L, Naito Y, Sugita S, Lee JW. Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-derived secretome and vesicles for lung injury and disease. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2019; 20:125-140. [PMID: 31701782 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2020.1689954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a devastating clinical condition common in patients with respiratory failure. Based largely on numerous preclinical studies and recent Phase I/II clinical trials, administration of stem cells, specifically mesenchymal stem or stromal cells (MSC), as a therapeutic for acute lung injury (ALI) holds great promise. However, concern for the use of stem cells, specifically the risk of iatrogenic tumor formation, remains unresolved. Accumulating evidence now suggest that stem cell-derived conditioned medium (CM) and/or extracellular vesicles (EV) might constitute compelling alternatives.Areas covered: The current review focuses on the preclinical studies testing MSC CM and/or EV as treatment for ALI and other inflammatory lung diseases.Expert opinion: Clinical application of MSC or their secreted CM may be limited by the cost of growing enough cells, the logistic of MSC storage, and the lack of standardization of what constitutes MSC CM. However, the clinical application of MSC EV remains promising, primarily due to the ability of EV to maintain the functional phenotype of the parent cell as a therapeutic. However, utilization of MSC EV will also require large-scale production, the cost of which may be prohibitive unless the potency of the EV can be increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airan Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiwen Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongli He
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Li Zhou
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yoshifumi Naito
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shinji Sugita
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jae-Woo Lee
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Abstract
Introduction: Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have been shown to improve lung function and survival in chronic inflammatory lung diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and silicosis.Areas covered: This review covers rationale for the use of MSC therapy, along with preclinical studies and clinical trials with MSC therapy in chronic lung diseases.Expert opinion: MSC therapy holds promise for the treatment of chronic lung diseases, mainly when administered at early stages. In clinical trials, MSC administration was safe, but associated with limited effects on clinical outcomes. Further studies are required to elucidate unresolved issues, including optimal MSC source and dose, route of administration, and frequency (single vs. multiple-dose regimens). A better understanding of the mechanisms of MSC action, local microenvironment of each disease, and development of strategies to potentiate the beneficial effects of MSCs may improve outcomes.
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Enhancing the Wound Healing Effect of Conditioned Medium Collected from Mesenchymal Stem Cells with High Passage Number Using Bioreducible Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194835. [PMID: 31569434 PMCID: PMC6801963 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Injecting human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) at wound sites is known to have a therapeutic effect; however, hMSCs have several limitations, such as low viability and poor engraftment after injection, as well as a potential risk of oncogenesis. The use of a conditioned medium (CM) was suggested as an alternative method for treating various wounds instead of direct hMSC administration. In addition to not having the adverse effects associated with hMSCs, a CM can be easily mass produced and can be stored for long-term, thereby making it useful for clinical applications. In general, a CM is collected from hMSCs with low passage number; whereas, the hMSCs with high passage number are usually discarded because of their low therapeutic efficacy as a result of reduced angiogenic factor secretion. Herein, we used a CM collected from high passage number (passage 12, P12) hMSCs treated with gold-iron nanoparticles (AuFe NPs). Our AuFe NPs were designed to release the iron ion intracellularly via endocytosis. Endosomes with low pH can dissolve iron from AuFe NPs, and thus, the intracellularly released iron ions up-regulate the hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. Through this mechanism, AuFe NPs improve the amount of VEGF expression from P12 hMSCs so that it is comparable to the amount of VEGF expression from low passage number (passage 6, P6), without treatment. Furthermore, we injected the CM retrieved from P12 MSCs treated with AuFe NPs in the mouse skin wound model (AuFe P12 group). AuFe P12 group revealed significantly enhanced angiogenesis in the mouse skin wound model compared to the high passage hMSC CM-injected group. Moreover, the result from the AuFe P12 group was similar to that of the low passage hMSC CM-injected group. Both the AuFe P12 group and low passage hMSC CM-injected group presented significantly enhanced re-epithelization, angiogenesis, and tissue remodeling compared to the high passage hMSC CM-injected group. This study reveals a new strategy for tissue regeneration based on CM injection without considering the high cell passage count.
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Reid A, Ha JF. Inhalational injury and the larynx: A review. Burns 2019; 45:1266-1274. [DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2018.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Harrell CR, Fellabaum C, Jovicic N, Djonov V, Arsenijevic N, Volarevic V. Molecular Mechanisms Responsible for Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Secretome. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050467. [PMID: 31100966 PMCID: PMC6562906 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-sourced secretome, defined as the set of MSC-derived bioactive factors (soluble proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and extracellular vesicles), showed therapeutic effects similar to those observed after transplantation of MSCs. MSC-derived secretome may bypass many side effects of MSC-based therapy, including unwanted differentiation of engrafted MSCs. In contrast to MSCs which had to be expanded in culture to reach optimal cell number for transplantation, MSC-sourced secretome is immediately available for treatment of acute conditions, including fulminant hepatitis, cerebral ischemia and myocardial infarction. Additionally, MSC-derived secretome could be massively produced from commercially available cell lines avoiding invasive cell collection procedure. In this review article we emphasized molecular and cellular mechanisms that were responsible for beneficial effects of MSC-derived secretomes in the treatment of degenerative and inflammatory diseases of hepatobiliary, respiratory, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular and nervous system. Results obtained in a large number of studies suggested that administration of MSC-derived secretomes represents a new, cell-free therapeutic approach for attenuation of inflammatory and degenerative diseases. Therapeutic effects of MSC-sourced secretomes relied on their capacity to deliver genetic material, growth and immunomodulatory factors to the target cells enabling activation of anti-apoptotic and pro-survival pathways that resulted in tissue repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nemanja Jovicic
- Department for Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozara Markovica Street, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Valentin Djonov
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 2, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Nebojsa Arsenijevic
- Department for Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozara Markovica Street, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Vladislav Volarevic
- Department for Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozara Markovica Street, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy of Inflammatory Lung Diseases: Current Understanding and Future Perspectives. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:4236973. [PMID: 31191672 PMCID: PMC6525794 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4236973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
During acute or chronic lung injury, inappropriate immune response and/or aberrant repair process causes irreversible damage in lung tissue and most usually results in the development of fibrosis followed by decline in lung function. Inhaled corticosteroids and other anti-inflammatory drugs are very effective in patients with inflammatory lung disorders, but their long-term use is associated with severe side effects. Accordingly, new therapeutic agents that will attenuate ongoing inflammation and, at the same time, promote regeneration of injured alveolar epithelial cells are urgently needed. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are able to modulate proliferation, activation, and effector function of all immune cells that play an important role in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic inflammatory lung diseases. In addition to the suppression of lung-infiltrated immune cells, MSCs have potential to differentiate into alveolar epithelial cells in vitro and, accordingly, represent new players in cell-based therapy of inflammatory lung disorders. In this review article, we described molecular mechanisms involved in MSC-based therapy of acute and chronic pulmonary diseases and emphasized current knowledge and future perspectives related to the therapeutic application of MSCs in patients suffering from acute respiratory distress syndrome, pneumonia, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
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Yu F, Ye K, Hu Y, Li J, An Y, Qu D. Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons derived from vehicle exhaust gas induces premature senescence in mouse lung fibroblast cells. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:4326-4334. [PMID: 30942392 PMCID: PMC6471379 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Long‑term exposure to vehicle exhaust gas may lead to various age‑associated disorders, including cardiovascular disease and cancer. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) belong to an important class of carcinogens, which are released into the environment by vehicles and are detectable at high levels in Chinese urban areas. However, whether vehicle exhaust gas (EG), and in particular the PAHs derived from EG, are able to induce cell senescence remains unclear. In the present study, vehicle EG and pure PAHs were used as pollution sources to investigate the effects of long‑term exposure to PAH on the cellular processes occurring in mouse lung fibroblast cells (mLFCs). Using cell proliferation and apoptosis assays, it was demonstrated that benzopyrene (BaP) suppressed the proliferation of mLFCs, and benzanthracene (BaA) and BaP induced cell apoptosis. Molecular analysis suggested that long‑term exposure to BaA and BaP was able to increase the protein expression levels of p53, p21 and the apoptotic factors involved in the caspase cascade, including caspase‑3 and ‑9. Notably, the present study suggested that PAH exposure was able to promote cell senescence in mLFCs by activating the ATM serine/threonine kinase/H2A histone family member X pathway. The present study may provide novel insights into the underlying mechanism of vehicle EG and PAHs in promoting the development of age‑associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130011, P.R. China
| | - Ke Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130011, P.R. China
| | - Yunfeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130011, P.R. China
| | - Jincheng Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal Surgery, China‑Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Yonglei An
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Dawei Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130011, P.R. China
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Eggerschwiler B, Canepa DD, Pape HC, Casanova EA, Cinelli P. Automated digital image quantification of histological staining for the analysis of the trilineage differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:69. [PMID: 30808403 PMCID: PMC6390603 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1170-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the potential to repair and regenerate damaged tissues and are considered as attractive candidates for the development of cell-based regenerative therapies. Currently, there are more than 200 clinical trials involving the use of MSCs for a wide variety of indications. However, variations in their isolation, expansion, and particularly characterization have made the interpretation of study outcomes or the rigorous assessment of therapeutic efficacy difficult. An unbiased characterization of MSCs is of major importance and essential to guaranty that only the most suitable cells will be used. The development of standardized and reproducible assays to predict MSC potency is therefore mandatory. The currently used quantification methodologies for the determination of the trilineage potential of MSCs are usually based on absorbance measurements which are imprecise and prone to errors. We therefore aimed at developing a methodology first offering a standardized way to objectively quantify the trilineage potential of MSC preparations and second allowing to discriminate functional differences between clonally expanded cell populations. METHOD MSCs originating from several patients were differentiated into osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondroblasts for 14, 17, and 21 days. Differentiated cells were then stained with the classical dyes: Alizarin Red S for osteoblasts, Oil Red O for adipocytes, and Alcian Blue 8GX for chondroblasts. Quantification of differentiation was then performed with our newly developed digital image analysis (DIA) tool followed by the classical absorbance measurement. The results from the two techniques were then compared. RESULT Quantification based on DIA allowed highly standardized and objective dye quantification with superior sensitivity compared to absorbance measurements. Furthermore, small differences between MSC lines in the differentiation potential were highlighted using DIA whereas no difference was detected using absorbance quantification. CONCLUSION Our approach represents a novel method that simplifies the laboratory procedures not only for the quantification of histological dyes and the degree of differentiation of MSCs, but also due to its color independence, it can be easily adapted for the quantification of a wide range of staining procedures in histology. The method is easily applicable since it is based on open source software and standard light microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Eggerschwiler
- Department of Trauma, University Hospital Zurich, Sternwartstrasse 14, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Life Science Zurich Graduate School, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daisy D. Canepa
- Department of Trauma, University Hospital Zurich, Sternwartstrasse 14, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Life Science Zurich Graduate School, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Christoph Pape
- Department of Trauma, University Hospital Zurich, Sternwartstrasse 14, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisa A. Casanova
- Department of Trauma, University Hospital Zurich, Sternwartstrasse 14, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Cinelli
- Department of Trauma, University Hospital Zurich, Sternwartstrasse 14, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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Naji A, Favier B, Deschaseaux F, Rouas-Freiss N, Eitoku M, Suganuma N. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell function in modulating cell death. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:56. [PMID: 30760307 PMCID: PMC6374902 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1158-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) delivered as cell therapy to individuals with degenerative and/or inflammatory disorders can help improve organ features and resolve inflammation, as demonstrated in preclinical studies and to some extent in clinical studies. MSCs have trophic, homing/migration, and immunosuppression functions, with many benefits in therapeutics. MSC functions are thought to depend on the paracrine action of soluble factors and/or the expression of membrane-bound molecules, mostly belonging to the molecular class of adhesion molecules, chemokines, enzymes, growth factors, and interleukins. Cutting-edge studies underline bioactive exchanges, including that of ions, nucleic acids, proteins, and organelles transferred from MSCs to stressed cells, thereby improving the cells' survival and function. From this aspect, MSC death modulation function appears as a decisive biological function that could carry a significant part of the therapeutic effects of MSCs. Identifying the function and modes of actions of MSCs in modulating cell death may be exploited to enhance consistency and efficiency of cell therapy that is based on MSCs as medical treatment for degenerative and/or inflammatory diseases. Here, we review the essentials of MSC functions in modulating cell death in unfit cells, and its modes of actions based on current advances and outline the clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abderrahim Naji
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Cooperative Medicine Unit, Research and Education Faculty, Medicine Science Cluster, Kochi Medical School (KMS), Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-Cho, Nankoku City, Kochi Prefecture, 783-8505, Japan.
| | - Benoit Favier
- CEA-Université Paris Sud INSERM U1184, IDMIT Department, IBFJ, DRF, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Frédéric Deschaseaux
- STROMALab, UMR 5273 CNRS, INSERM U1031, Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) Occitanie, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Nathalie Rouas-Freiss
- CEA, DRF-Institut Francois Jacob, Division de recherche en hématologie et immunologie (SRHI), Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Masamitsu Eitoku
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Cooperative Medicine Unit, Research and Education Faculty, Medicine Science Cluster, Kochi Medical School (KMS), Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-Cho, Nankoku City, Kochi Prefecture, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Narufumi Suganuma
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Cooperative Medicine Unit, Research and Education Faculty, Medicine Science Cluster, Kochi Medical School (KMS), Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-Cho, Nankoku City, Kochi Prefecture, 783-8505, Japan.
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Clinical Application of Stem/Stromal Cells in COPD. STEM CELL-BASED THERAPY FOR LUNG DISEASE 2019. [PMCID: PMC7121219 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-29403-8_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive life-threatening disease that is significantly increasing in prevalence and is predicted to become the third leading cause of death worldwide by 2030. At present, there are no true curative treatments that can stop the progression of the disease, and new therapeutic strategies are desperately needed. Advances in cell-based therapies provide a platform for the development of new therapeutic approaches in severe lung diseases such as COPD. At present, a lot of focus is on mesenchymal stem (stromal) cell (MSC)-based therapies, mainly due to their immunomodulatory properties. Despite increasing number of preclinical studies demonstrating that systemic MSC administration can prevent or treat experimental COPD and emphysema, clinical studies have not been able to reproduce the preclinical results and to date no efficacy or significantly improved lung function or quality of life has been observed in COPD patients. Importantly, the completed appropriately conducted clinical trials uniformly demonstrate that MSC treatment in COPD patients is well tolerated and no toxicities have been observed. All clinical trials performed so far, have been phase I/II studies, underpowered for the detection of potential efficacy. There are several challenges ahead for this field such as standardized isolation and culture procedures to obtain a cell product with high quality and reproducibility, administration strategies, improvement of methods to measure outcomes, and development of potency assays. Moreover, COPD is a complex pathology with a diverse spectrum of clinical phenotypes, and therefore it is essential to develop methods to select the subpopulation of patients that is most likely to potentially respond to MSC administration. In this chapter, we will discuss the current state of the art of MSC-based cell therapy for COPD and the hurdles that need to be overcome.
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Chen YC, Chang YW, Tan KP, Shen YS, Wang YH, Chang CH. Can mesenchymal stem cells and their conditioned medium assist inflammatory chondrocytes recovery? PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205563. [PMID: 30462647 PMCID: PMC6248915 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), one of the most common joint disease, affects more than 80% of the population aged 70 or over. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show multi-potent differentiation and self-renewal capability, and, after exposure to an inflammatory environment, also exhibit immunosuppressive properties. In this study, we have used a model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated chondrocytes to evaluate MSC anti-inflammatory efficacy. The anti-inflammatory mechanism was tested in two cell-contained culture systems: (i) MSC-chondrocyte indirect contact system and (ii) MSC-chondrocyte direct contact system, and one cytokine-only culture system: MSC-conditioned medium (CM) system. Results showed that MSCs reduced chondrocyte inflammation through both paracrine secretion and cell-to-cell contact. The inflammation-associated, and free-radical-related genes were down-regulated significantly in the direct contact system on 24 h, however, the TNF-α. IL-6 were upregulated and aggrecan, COLII were downregulated on 72 h in direct contact system. Moreover, we found CM produced by MSC possess well therapeutic effect on inflammatory chondorcyte, and the 10-fold concentrated MSC-conditioned medium could down-regulated chondorcyte synthesis inflammation-associated, and free-radical-related genes, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and iNOS even treated for 72 h. In conclusion, MSC-CM showed great potential for MSC-based therapy for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chun Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan, R.O.C
- College of General Studies, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Wei Chang
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Mackay Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kinn Poay Tan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yi-Shan Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yao-Horng Wang
- Department of Nursing, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chih-Hung Chang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, R.O.C
- * E-mail:
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Mohammadipoor A, Antebi B, Batchinsky AI, Cancio LC. Therapeutic potential of products derived from mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in pulmonary disease. Respir Res 2018; 19:218. [PMID: 30413158 PMCID: PMC6234778 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0921-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) possess robust self-renewal characteristics and the ability to differentiate into tissue-specific cells. Their therapeutic potential appears promising as evident from their efficacy in several animal models of pulmonary disorders as well as early-phase clinical trials of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Such therapeutic efficacy might be attributed to MSC-derived products (the "secretome"), namely conditioned media (CM) and extracellular vesicles (EVs), which have been shown to play pivotal roles in the regenerative function of MSCs. Importantly, the EVs secreted by MSCs can transfer a variety of bioactive factors to modulate the function of recipient cells via various mechanisms, including ligand-receptor interactions, direct membrane fusion, endocytosis, or phagocytosis.Herein, we review the current state-of-the-science of MSC-derived CM and EVs as potential therapeutic agents in lung diseases. We suggest that the MSC-derived secretome might be an appropriate therapeutic agent for treating aggressive pulmonary disorders because of biological and logistical advantages over live cell therapy. Nonetheless, further studies are warranted to elucidate the safety and efficacy of these components in combating pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Mohammadipoor
- Multi-Organ Support Technology (MOST) Task Area, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA. .,Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
| | - Ben Antebi
- Multi-Organ Support Technology (MOST) Task Area, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andriy I Batchinsky
- Multi-Organ Support Technology (MOST) Task Area, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA.,The Geneva Foundation, Tacoma, WA, USA
| | - Leopoldo C Cancio
- Multi-Organ Support Technology (MOST) Task Area, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA
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Cui P, Xin H, Yao Y, Xiao S, Zhu F, Gong Z, Tang Z, Zhan Q, Qin W, Lai Y, Li X, Tong Y, Xia Z. Human amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells alleviate lung injury induced by white smoke inhalation in rats. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:101. [PMID: 29650044 PMCID: PMC5898065 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0856-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background White smoke inhalation (WSI) is an uncommon but potentially deadly cause of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome for which no effective pharmaceutical treatment has been developed. This study aimed to determine the protective effects of human amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) against WSI-induced lung injury in rats. Methods hAMSCs were injected into rats via the tail vein 4 h after WSI. At 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 days after cell injection, hAMSCs labeled with PKH26 in lung, heart, liver, and kidney tissues were observed by fluorescence microscopy. The lung injury score was determined by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Lung fibrosis was assessed by Masson’s trichrome staining. The computed tomography (CT) score was assessed by CT scanning. The wet/dry weight ratio was calculated. The levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The expression of surfactant protein (SP)-A, SP-C, and SP-D was measured by Western blotting. Results The injected hAMSCs were primarily distributed in the lung tissues in WSI-induced rats. Compared with the model and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) group, hAMSC treatment led to reduced lung injury, lung fibrosis, CT score, and inflammation levels in WSI-induced mice. hAMSC treatment also resulted in increased cell retention in the lung, partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), and PaO2/fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) levels, and pulmonary SP-A, SP-C, and SP-D expression compared with that in the model and PBS group. Conclusions hAMSCs are a potential cell-based therapy for WSI-induced lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Cui
- Research Laboratory of Burns and Trauma, the 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin, 541002, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiming Xin
- Department of Burns, Plastic and Wound repair surgery, the 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin, 541002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongming Yao
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Shichu Xiao
- Department of Burn surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Department of Burn surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhenyu Gong
- Department of Burns, Plastic and Wound repair surgery, the 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin, 541002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiping Tang
- Research Laboratory of Burns and Trauma, the 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin, 541002, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu Zhan
- Research Laboratory of Burns and Trauma, the 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin, 541002, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Qin
- Department of Burns, Plastic and Wound repair surgery, the 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin, 541002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhua Lai
- Research Laboratory of Burns and Trauma, the 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin, 541002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Research Laboratory of Burns and Trauma, the 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin, 541002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yalin Tong
- Research Laboratory of Burns and Trauma, the 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin, 541002, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Burns, Plastic and Wound repair surgery, the 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin, 541002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhaofan Xia
- Department of Burn surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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Kawecki F, Clafshenkel WP, Fortin M, Auger FA, Fradette J. Biomimetic Tissue-Engineered Bone Substitutes for Maxillofacial and Craniofacial Repair: The Potential of Cell Sheet Technologies. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1700919. [PMID: 29280323 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Maxillofacial defects are complex lesions stemming from various etiologies: accidental, congenital, pathological, or surgical. A bone graft may be required when the normal regenerative capacity of the bone is exceeded or insufficient. Surgeons have many options available for bone grafting including the "gold standard" autologous bone graft. However, this approach is not without drawbacks such as the morbidity associated with harvesting bone from a donor site, pain, infection, or a poor quantity and quality of bone in some patient populations. This review discusses the various bone graft substitutes used for maxillofacial and craniofacial repair: allografts, xenografts, synthetic biomaterials, and tissue-engineered substitutes. A brief overview of bone tissue engineering evolution including the use of mesenchymal stem cells is exposed, highlighting the first clinical applications of adipose-derived stem/stromal cells in craniofacial reconstruction. The importance of prevascularization strategies for bone tissue engineering is also discussed, with an emphasis on recent work describing substitutes produced using cell sheet-based technologies, including the use of thermo-responsive plates and the self-assembly approach of tissue engineering. Indeed, considering their entirely cell-based design, these natural bone-like substitutes have the potential to closely mimic the osteogenicity, osteoconductivity, osteoinduction, and osseointegration properties of autogenous bone for maxillofacial and craniofacial reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Kawecki
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX Division of Regenerative Medicine CHU de Québec Research Center‐Université Laval Québec QC G1J 1Z4 Canada
- Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine Université Laval Québec QC G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - William P. Clafshenkel
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX Division of Regenerative Medicine CHU de Québec Research Center‐Université Laval Québec QC G1J 1Z4 Canada
- Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine Université Laval Québec QC G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - Michel Fortin
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX Division of Regenerative Medicine CHU de Québec Research Center‐Université Laval Québec QC G1J 1Z4 Canada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Faculty of Dentistry Université Laval Québec QC G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - François A. Auger
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX Division of Regenerative Medicine CHU de Québec Research Center‐Université Laval Québec QC G1J 1Z4 Canada
- Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine Université Laval Québec QC G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - Julie Fradette
- Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX Division of Regenerative Medicine CHU de Québec Research Center‐Université Laval Québec QC G1J 1Z4 Canada
- Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine Université Laval Québec QC G1V 0A6 Canada
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Polverino F. Best of Milan 2017-repair of the emphysematous lung: mesenchymal stromal cell and matrix. J Thorac Dis 2017; 9:S1544-S1547. [PMID: 29255637 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2017.11.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Polverino
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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37
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Cruz FF, Rocco PRM. Stem-cell extracellular vesicles and lung repair. Stem Cell Investig 2017; 4:78. [PMID: 29057250 DOI: 10.21037/sci.2017.09.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Four out of the ten leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide are lung diseases. Despite advances in comprehending the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in these disorders, for several respiratory diseases, there is still no effective treatment able to stop their natural history or reverse the morphological and functional damage they cause. In this context, recent research has supported a potential role of cell therapy for lung diseases and critical illness. The anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and microbicidal effects of stem cells are mainly attributed to their secretome, which contains proteins, lipids, microRNAs, and mRNAs. These are secreted in the conditioned medium and are also present in extracellular vesicles (EVs). This review will provide a detailed discussion of the role of EVs produced by mesenchymal stromal cells in preclinical experimental models of pulmonary disorders and critical illness, as well as in ongoing clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda F Cruz
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, and National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Patricia R M Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, and National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Mizuno S, Ishizaki T, Kadowaki M, Akai M, Shiozaki K, Iguchi M, Oikawa T, Nakagawa K, Osanai K, Toga H, Gomez-Arroyo J, Kraskauskas D, Cool CD, Bogaard HJ, Voelkel NF. p53 Signaling Pathway Polymorphisms Associated With Emphysematous Changes in Patients With COPD. Chest 2017; 152:58-69. [PMID: 28315337 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The p53 signaling pathway may be important for the pathogenesis of emphysematous changes in the lungs of smokers. Polymorphism of p53 at codon 72 is known to affect apoptotic effector proteins, and the polymorphism of mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)309 is known to increase MDM2 expression. The aim of this study was to assess polymorphisms of the p53 and MDM2 genes in smokers and confirm the role of SNPs in these genes in the pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema. METHODS This study included 365 patients with a smoking history, and the polymorphisms of p53 and MDM2 genes were identified. The degree of pulmonary emphysema was determined by means of CT scanning. SNPs, MDM2 mRNA, and p53 protein levels were assessed in human lung tissues from smokers. Plasmids encoding p53 and MDM2 SNPs were used to transfect human lung fibroblasts (HLFs) with or without cigarette smoke extract (CSE), and the effects on cell proliferation and MDM2 promoter activity were measured. RESULTS The polymorphisms of the p53 and MDM2 genes were associated with emphysematous changes in the lung and were also associated with p53 protein and MDM2 mRNA expression in the lung tissue samples. Transfection with a p53 gene-coding plasmid regulated HLF proliferation, and the analysis of P2 promoter activity in MDM2 SNP309-coding HLFs showed the promoter activity was altered by CSE. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated that p53 and MDM2 gene polymorphisms are associated with apoptotic signaling and smoking-related emphysematous changes in lungs from smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiro Mizuno
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Ishizaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Maiko Kadowaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Masaya Akai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fukui Red Cross Hospital, Fukui, Japan
| | - Kohei Shiozaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fukui Red Cross Hospital, Fukui, Japan
| | - Masaharu Iguchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Taku Oikawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Ken Nakagawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Osanai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Toga
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Jose Gomez-Arroyo
- Victoria Johnson Center for Obstructive Lung Diseases, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Donatas Kraskauskas
- Victoria Johnson Center for Obstructive Lung Diseases, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Carlyne D Cool
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Health Science Center, Lung Tissue Repository Consortium Repository, Aurora, CO
| | | | - Norbert F Voelkel
- Victoria Johnson Center for Obstructive Lung Diseases, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
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Identification of cardiovascular risk factors associated with bone marrow cell subsets in patients with STEMI: a biorepository evaluation from the CCTRN TIME and LateTIME clinical trials. Basic Res Cardiol 2016; 112:3. [PMID: 27882430 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-016-0592-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell (BM-MNC) therapy for patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) has produced inconsistent results, possibly due to BM-MNC product heterogeneity. Patient-specific cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) may contribute to variations in BM-MNC composition. We sought to identify associations between BM-MNC subset frequencies and specific CRFs in STEMI patients. Bone marrow was collected from 191 STEMI patients enrolled in the CCTRN TIME and LateTIME trials. Relationships between BM-MNC subsets and CRFs were determined with multivariate analyses. An assessment of CRFs showed that hyperlipidemia and hypertension were associated with a higher frequency of CD11b+ cells (P = 0.045 and P = 0.016, respectively). In addition, we found that females had lower frequencies of CD11b+ (P = 0.018) and CD45+CD14+ (P = 0.028) cells than males, age was inversely associated with the frequency of CD45+CD31+ cells (P = 0.001), smoking was associated with a decreased frequency of CD45+CD31+ cells (P = 0.013), glucose level was positively associated with the frequency of CD45+CD3+ cells, and creatinine level (an indicator of renal function) was inversely associated with the frequency of CD45+CD3+ cells (P = 0.015). In conclusion, the frequencies of monocytic, lymphocytic, and angiogenic BM-MNCs varied in relation to patients' CRFs. These phenotypic variations may affect cell therapy outcomes and might be an important consideration when selecting patients for and reviewing results from autologous cell therapy trials.
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Hajkova M, Hermankova B, Javorkova E, Bohacova P, Zajicova A, Holan V, Krulova M. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuate the Adverse Effects of Immunosuppressive Drugs on Distinct T Cell Subopulations. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2016; 13:104-115. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-016-9703-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Prakash YS. Emerging concepts in smooth muscle contributions to airway structure and function: implications for health and disease. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 311:L1113-L1140. [PMID: 27742732 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00370.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway structure and function are key aspects of normal lung development, growth, and aging, as well as of lung responses to the environment and the pathophysiology of important diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and fibrosis. In this regard, the contributions of airway smooth muscle (ASM) are both functional, in the context of airway contractility and relaxation, as well as synthetic, involving production and modulation of extracellular components, modulation of the local immune environment, cellular contribution to airway structure, and, finally, interactions with other airway cell types such as epithelium, fibroblasts, and nerves. These ASM contributions are now found to be critical in airway hyperresponsiveness and remodeling that occur in lung diseases. This review emphasizes established and recent discoveries that underline the central role of ASM and sets the stage for future research toward understanding how ASM plays a central role by being both upstream and downstream in the many interactive processes that determine airway structure and function in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Prakash
- Departments of Anesthesiology, and Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Naji A, Suganuma N, Espagnolle N, Yagyu K, Baba N, Sensebé L, Deschaseaux F. Rationale for Determining the Functional Potency of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Preventing Regulated Cell Death for Therapeutic Use. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 6:713-719. [PMID: 28297565 PMCID: PMC5442793 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2016-0289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem (stromal) cells (MSCs) are being investigated for treating degenerative and inflammatory disorders because of their reparative and immunomodulatory properties. Intricate mechanisms relate cell death processes with immune responses, which have implications for degenerative and inflammatory conditions. We review the therapeutic value of MSCs in terms of preventing regulated cell death (RCD). When cells identify an insult, specific intracellular pathways are elicited for execution of RCD processes, such as apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis. To some extent, exacerbated RCD can provoke an intense inflammatory response and vice versa. Emerging studies are focusing on the molecular mechanisms deployed by MSCs to ameliorate the survival, bioenergetics, and functions of unfit immune or nonimmune cells. Given these aspects, and in light of MSC actions in modulating cell death processes, we suggest the use of novel functional in vitro assays to ensure the potency of MSCs for preventing RCD. Such analyses should be associated with existing functional assays measuring the anti‐inflammatory capabilities of MSCs in vitro. MSCs selected on the basis of two in vitro functional criteria (i.e., prevention of inflammation and RCD) could possess optimal therapeutic efficacy in vivo. In addition, we underline the implications of these perspectives in clinical studies of MSC therapy, with particular focus on acute respiratory distress syndrome. Stem Cells Translational Medicine2017;6:713–719
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Affiliation(s)
- Abderrahim Naji
- Center for Innovative and Translational Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Narufumi Suganuma
- Center for Innovative and Translational Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Nicolas Espagnolle
- STROMALab, INSERM U1031, EFS Pyrénées‐Méditerranée, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Ken‐ichi Yagyu
- Science Research Center, Division of Biological Research, Life Sciences and Functional Materials, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Nobuyasu Baba
- Center for Innovative and Translational Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Luc Sensebé
- STROMALab, INSERM U1031, EFS Pyrénées‐Méditerranée, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Frédéric Deschaseaux
- STROMALab, INSERM U1031, EFS Pyrénées‐Méditerranée, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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Therapeutic effect of spermatogonial stem cell on testicular damage caused by lead in rats. Gene 2016; 592:148-153. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Revised: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Bourgeois JS, Jacob J, Garewal A, Ndahayo R, Paxson J. The Bioavailability of Soluble Cigarette Smoke Extract Is Reduced through Interactions with Cells and Affects the Cellular Response to CSE Exposure. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163182. [PMID: 27649082 PMCID: PMC5029896 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular exposure to cigarette smoke leads to an array of complex responses including apoptosis, cellular senescence, telomere dysfunction, cellular aging, and neoplastic transformation. To study the cellular response to cigarette smoke, a common in vitro model exposes cultured cells to a nominal concentration (i.e. initial concentration) of soluble cigarette smoke extract (CSE). However, we report that use of the nominal concentration of CSE as the only measure of cellular exposure is inadequate. Instead, we demonstrate that cellular response to CSE exposure is dependent not only on the nominal concentration of CSE, but also on specific experimental variables, including the total cell number, and the volume of CSE solution used. As found in other similar xenobiotic assays, our work suggests that the effective dose of CSE is more accurately related to the amount of bioavailable chemicals per cell. In particular, interactions of CSE components both with cells and other physical factors limit CSE bioavailability, as demonstrated by a quantifiably reduced cellular response to CSE that is first modified by such interactions. This has broad implications for the nature of cellular response to CSE exposure, and for the design of in vitro assays using CSE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S. Bourgeois
- Department of Biology, College of the Holy Cross, Worcester, MA, 01610, United States of America
| | - Jeeva Jacob
- Department of Biology, College of the Holy Cross, Worcester, MA, 01610, United States of America
| | - Aram Garewal
- Department of Biology, College of the Holy Cross, Worcester, MA, 01610, United States of America
| | - Renata Ndahayo
- Department of Biology, College of the Holy Cross, Worcester, MA, 01610, United States of America
| | - Julia Paxson
- Department of Biology, College of the Holy Cross, Worcester, MA, 01610, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Cruz FF, Weiss DJ, Rocco PRM. Prospects and progress in cell therapy for acute respiratory distress syndrome. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2016; 16:1353-1360. [DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2016.1218845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Niu P, Smagul A, Wang L, Sadvakas A, Sha Y, Pérez LM, Nussupbekova A, Amirbekov A, Akanov AA, Gálvez BG, Jordan IK, Lunyak VV. Transcriptional profiling of interleukin-2-primed human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells revealed dramatic changes in stem cells response imposed by replicative senescence. Oncotarget 2016; 6:17938-57. [PMID: 26255627 PMCID: PMC4627227 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a double-edged sword with both detrimental and beneficial consequences. Understanding of the mechanisms of crosstalk between the inflammatory milieu and human adult mesenchymal stem cells is an important basis for clinical efforts. Here, we investigate changes in the transcriptional response of human adipose-derived stem cells to physiologically relevant levels of IL-2 (IL-2 priming) upon replicative senescence. Our data suggest that replicative senescence might dramatically impede human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) function via global transcriptional deregulation in response to IL-2. We uncovered a novel senescence-associated transcriptional signature in human adipose-derived MSCs hADSCs after exposure to pro-inflammatory environment: significant enhancement of the expression of the genes encoding potent growth factors and cytokines with anti-inflammatory and migration-promoting properties, as well as genes encoding angiogenic and anti-apoptotic promoting factors, all of which could participate in the establishment of a unique microenvironment. We observed transcriptional up-regulation of critical components of the nitric oxide synthase pathway (iNOS) in hADSCs upon replicative senescence suggesting, that senescent stem cells can acquire metastasis-promoting properties via stem cell-mediated immunosuppression. Our study highlights the importance of age as a factor when designing cell-based or pharmacological therapies for older patients and predicts measurable biomarkers characteristic of an environment that is conducive to cancer cells invasiveness and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Niu
- Department of Pediatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Aibek Smagul
- S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Aiman Sadvakas
- S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Ying Sha
- School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Laura M Pérez
- Cardiac Development and Repair Department, National Center for Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Aliya Nussupbekova
- S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Aday Amirbekov
- S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Akan A Akanov
- S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Beatriz G Gálvez
- Cardiac Development and Repair Department, National Center for Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - I King Jordan
- School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.,PanAmerican Bioinformatics Institute, Santa Marta, Magdalena, Colombia
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Dietrich J, Massie I, Roth M, Geerling G, Mertsch S, Schrader S. Development of Causative Treatment Strategies for Lacrimal Gland Insufficiency by Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy. Part 1: Regeneration of Lacrimal Gland Tissue: Can We Stimulate Lacrimal Gland Renewal In Vivo? Curr Eye Res 2016; 41:1131-42. [DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2016.1148741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Dietrich
- Labor für Experimentelle Ophthalmologie, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Isobel Massie
- Labor für Experimentelle Ophthalmologie, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mathias Roth
- Augenklinik, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gerd Geerling
- Augenklinik, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sonja Mertsch
- Labor für Experimentelle Ophthalmologie, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Schrader
- Labor für Experimentelle Ophthalmologie, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Augenklinik, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Monsel A, Zhu YG, Gudapati V, Lim H, Lee JW. Mesenchymal stem cell derived secretome and extracellular vesicles for acute lung injury and other inflammatory lung diseases. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2016; 16:859-71. [PMID: 27011289 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2016.1170804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute respiratory distress syndrome is a major cause of respiratory failure in critically ill patients. Despite extensive research into its pathophysiology, mortality remains high. No effective pharmacotherapy exists. Based largely on numerous preclinical studies, administration of mesenchymal stem or stromal cell (MSC) as a therapeutic for acute lung injury holds great promise, and clinical trials are currently underway. However, concern for the use of stem cells, specifically the risk of iatrogenic tumor formation, remains unresolved. Accumulating evidence now suggest that novel cell-free therapies including MSC-derived conditioned medium and extracellular vesicles released from MSCs might constitute compelling alternatives. AREAS COVERED The current review summarizes the preclinical studies testing MSC conditioned medium and/or MSC extracellular vesicles as treatment for acute lung injury and other inflammatory lung diseases. EXPERT OPINION While certain logistical obstacles limit the clinical applications of MSC conditioned medium such as the volume required for treatment, the therapeutic application of MSC extracellular vesicles remains promising, primarily due to ability of extracellular vesicles to maintain the functional phenotype of the parent cell. However, utilization of MSC extracellular vesicles will require large-scale production and standardization concerning identification, characterization and quantification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Monsel
- a Multidisciplinary Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care , La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Pierre and Marie Curie (UPMC) Univ Paris 06 , Paris , France
| | - Ying-Gang Zhu
- b Department of Pulmonary Disease , Huadong Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Varun Gudapati
- c Department of Anesthesiology , University of California San Francisco , San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Hyungsun Lim
- c Department of Anesthesiology , University of California San Francisco , San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Jae W Lee
- c Department of Anesthesiology , University of California San Francisco , San Francisco , CA , USA
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Wu Y, Peng Y, Gao D, Feng C, Yuan X, Li H, Wang Y, Yang L, Huang S, Fu X. Mesenchymal stem cells suppress fibroblast proliferation and reduce skin fibrosis through a TGF-β3-dependent activation. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2016; 14:50-62. [PMID: 25858630 DOI: 10.1177/1534734614568373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies showed that transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) significantly decreased tissue fibrosis; however, little attention has been paid to its efficacy on attenuating skin fibrosis, and the mechanism involved in its effect is poorly understood. In this work, we investigated the effects of MSCs on keloid fibroblasts and extracellular matrix deposition through paracrine actions and whether the antifibrotic properties of MSCs involved transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-dependent activation. In vitro experiments showed that conditioned media (CM) from MSCs decreased viability, a-smooth muscle actin expression, and collagen secretion of human keloid fibroblasts. In addition, TGF-β3 secreted by MSCs was expressed at high level under inflammatory environment, and blocking the activity of TGF-β3 apparently antagonized the suppressive activity of MSC CM, which demonstrated that TGF-β3 played a preponderant role in preventing collagen accumulation. In vivo studies showed that MSC CM infusion in a mouse dermal fibrosis model induced a significant decrease in skin fibrosis. Histological examination of tissue sections and immunohistochemical analysis for α-smooth muscle actin revealed that TGF-β3 of CM-mediated therapeutic effects could obviously attenuate matrix production and myofibroblast proliferation and differentiation. These findings suggest that TGF-β3 mediates the attenuating effect of MSCs on both the proliferation and extracellular matrix production of human keloid fibroblasts and decreases skin fibrosis of mouse model, thus providing new understanding and MSC-based therapeutic strategy for cutaneous scar treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wu
- Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China The First Affiliated Hospital, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Peng
- The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongyun Gao
- Dongtai People's Hospital, Dongtai, People's Republic of China
| | - Changjiang Feng
- Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohuan Yuan
- Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Houzhong Li
- Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Yang
- Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Sha Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Cigarette smoke-mediated oxidative stress induces apoptosis via the MAPKs/STAT1 pathway in mouse lung fibroblasts. Toxicol Lett 2015; 240:140-8. [PMID: 26546778 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is the major aetiologic factor in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Lung fibroblasts are key participants in the maintenance of the extracellular matrix within the lung parenchyma. However, it still remains unknown how pulmonary fibroblasts are affected by cigarette smoking. Therefore, in this study, we isolated lung fibroblasts from mice and determined the apoptotic mechanism in response to cigarette smoke extract (CSE). When the lung fibroblasts were exposed to CSE, the generation of ROS was increased as shown by H2-DCFDA staining and Flow Cytometry. By immunocytochemistry, Ki67 expressing cells gradually decreased in a dose-dependent manner. The nitrite concentration in the supernatants increased, while the SOD activity and GSH recycling decreased in response to CSE. CSE increased the mRNA levels of TNF-α and COX-2, and the secretory proteins TNF-α and IL-6 increased as measured by ELISA. We next determined whether this inflammatory process is associated with the Bax/Bcl-2 apoptosis pathway. The Bax/Bcl-2 mRNA ratio increased, and cleaved caspase-3 protein was activated in the lung fibroblasts treated with CSE. Moreover, CSE induced the phosphorylation of STAT1 at Tyr701/Ser727 and increased the activation of ERK1/2, p38, and JNK in the MAPK pathway. Taken together, these data suggest that CSE-mediated inflammation alters the redox regulation via the MAPK-STAT1 pathway, leading to intrinsic apoptosis of lung fibroblasts.
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