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miRNAs in Uremic Cardiomyopathy: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065425. [PMID: 36982497 PMCID: PMC10049249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Uremic Cardiomyopathy (UCM) is an irreversible cardiovascular complication that is highly pervasive among chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, particularly in End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD) individuals undergoing chronic dialysis. Features of UCM are an abnormal myocardial fibrosis, an asymmetric ventricular hypertrophy with subsequent diastolic dysfunction and a complex and multifactorial pathogenesis where underlying biological mechanisms remain partly undefined. In this paper, we reviewed the key evidence available on the biological and clinical significance of micro-RNAs (miRNAs) in UCM. miRNAs are short, noncoding RNA molecules with regulatory functions that play a pivotal role in myriad basic cellular processes, such as cell growth and differentiation. Deranged miRNAs expression has already been observed in various diseases, and their capacity to modulate cardiac remodeling and fibrosis under either physiological or pathological conditions is well acknowledged. In the context of UCM, robust experimental evidence confirms a close involvement of some miRNAs in the key pathways that are known to trigger or worsen ventricular hypertrophy or fibrosis. Moreover, very preliminary findings may set the stage for therapeutic interventions targeting specific miRNAs for ameliorating heart damage. Finally, scant but promising clinical evidence may suggest a potential future application of circulating miRNAs as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers for improving risk stratification in UCM as well.
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Oliveira CA, Mercês ÉAB, Portela FS, De Benedictis JM, De Benedictis LM, da Silva AVB, Campanati JDAG, de Melo FF, Oliveira MV, de Magalhães ACM, Soares TDJ, Amaral LSDB. Benefits of high-intensity interval training compared to continuous training to reduce apoptotic markers in female rats with cisplatin nephrotoxicity - possible modulatory role of IL-11. Apoptosis 2023; 28:566-575. [PMID: 36653732 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-023-01816-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Apoptotic signaling pathways are involved in acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by the antineoplastic drug cisplatin (Cis). Mechanical stress is known to increase interleukin (IL) -11, a pleiotropic cytokine with antiapoptotic and antinecrotic effects. We compared the impact of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) with low-intensity continuous training (LICT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on renal levels of IL-11 and the expression of apoptotic markers in female rats with nephrotoxicity induced by Cis. For that, the animals were divided into five groups (n = 7): control and sedentary (C + S); Cis and sedentary (Cis + S); Cis and LICT (Cis + LICT); Cis and MICT (Cis + MICT) and Cis and HIIT (Cis + HIIT). At the end of 8 weeks of treadmill running, the rats received a single injection of Cis (5 mg/kg), and 7 days later they were euthanized. Serum and kidney samples were collected to assess the blood urea nitrogen (BUN), gene expression of TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) and 2 (TNFR2), caspase-3, (p38) MAPK (MAPK14), p53, Bax, Bak, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xL, renal levels of IL-11, IL-8, and p53, and immunolocalization of cleaved caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2, and (p38) MAPK in renal tissue. Our data indicate that all trained groups showed a significant intensity-dependent increase in renal levels of IL-11 associated with reduced local expression of proapoptotic and increased antiapoptotic markers, but these effects were more pronounced with HIIT. So, HIIT appears to provide superior renoprotection than traditional continuous training by modulating apoptotic signaling pathways, and this effect can be related to the increase in renal levels of IL-11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Assunção Oliveira
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Rua Rio de Contas, 58, Candeias, 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Érika Azenathe Barros Mercês
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Rua Rio de Contas, 58, Candeias, 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Santos Portela
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Rua Rio de Contas, 58, Candeias, 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Júlia Mafra De Benedictis
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Rua Rio de Contas, 58, Candeias, 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Laís Mafra De Benedictis
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Rua Rio de Contas, 58, Candeias, 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Antônio Victor Brito da Silva
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Rua Rio de Contas, 58, Candeias, 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - João de Assis Gonçalves Campanati
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Rua Rio de Contas, 58, Candeias, 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Freire de Melo
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Rua Rio de Contas, 58, Candeias, 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Márcio Vasconcelos Oliveira
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Rua Rio de Contas, 58, Candeias, 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Amélia Cristina Mendes de Magalhães
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Rua Rio de Contas, 58, Candeias, 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Telma de Jesus Soares
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Rua Rio de Contas, 58, Candeias, 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Liliany Souza de Brito Amaral
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Rua Rio de Contas, 58, Candeias, 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil.
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Cardiovascular Function in Different Phases of the Menstrual Cycle in Healthy Women of Reproductive Age. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11195861. [PMID: 36233728 PMCID: PMC9572726 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11195861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Sex hormones influence the cardiovascular (CV) function in women. However, it is uncertain whether their physiological variation related to the regular menstrual cycle affects the CV system. We studied changes in the hemodynamic profile and body’s water content and their relation to sex hormone concentration in healthy women during the menstrual cycle. Material and methods: Forty-five adult women were examined during the early follicular, late follicular, and mid-luteal phases of the same menstrual cycle. The hemodynamic profile was estimated non-invasively by cardiac impedance while water content was estimated by total body impedance. Results were compared with repeated measures ANOVA with post-test, if applicable. Results: There were no significant changes in most hemodynamic and water content parameters between the menstrual cycle phases in healthy women. Left ventricular ejection time differed significantly among phases of the menstrual cycle, with shorter values in the mid-luteal phase (308.4 vs. 313.52 ms, p < 0.05) compared to the late follicular phase. However, the clinical relevance of such small differences is negligible. Conclusions: Changes in sex hormones during the physiological menstrual cycle appear to have no considerable effect on healthy women’s hemodynamic function and water accumulation.
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Perusquía M. Androgens and Non-Genomic vascular responses in hypertension. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 203:115200. [PMID: 35926652 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Arterial hypertension is a global public health concern. In the last few years, the interest in androgen deficiency has been growing, and the association between androgens and high blood pressure (BP) is still controversial. One purpose of this review was to summarize the available findings in order to clarify whether male sex steroid hormones have beneficial or harmful effect on BP. The second purpose was to enhance the recognition of the acute non-genomic sex-independent vasorelaxing effect of androgens. Remarkably, BP variation is expected to be a consequence of the androgen-induced vasorelaxation which reduces systemic BP; hence the in vivo vasodepressor, hypotensive, and antihypertensive responses of androgens were also analyzed. This article reviews the current understanding of the physiological regulation of vascular smooth muscle contractility by androgens. Additionally, it summarizes older and more recent data on androgens, and some of the possible underlying mechanisms of relaxation, structural-functional differences in the androgen molecules, and their designing ability to induce vasorelaxation. The clinical relevance of these findings in terms of designing future therapeutics mainly the 5-reduced metabolite of testosterone, 5β-dihydrotestosterone, is also highlighted. Literature collected through a PubMed database search, as well as our experimental work, was used for the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Perusquía
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, México.
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Association of Leu432Val (rs1056836) polymorphism of the CYP1B1 gene with lipid profile in hypertensive Slovak women. ANTHROPOLOGICAL REVIEW 2022. [DOI: 10.18778/1898-6773.85.2.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Leu432Val (rs1056836) polymorphism of the CYP1B1 gene was examined in relationship with lipid profile in hypertensive Slovak women according to their menopausal status. The entire study sample comprised 255 women suffering from hypertension aged from 39 to 65 years who were recruited from different localities in the western, southern, and middle parts of Slovakia. The participants provided a saliva or blood sample for DNA genotyping and a blood sample for biochemical analysis. The Leu432Val genotypes demonstrated statistically significant associations with all monitored atherogenic indices – total cholesterol-to-HDL-Cholesterol (AI1), Non-HDL-Cholesterol (AI2), LDL-Cholesterol-to-HDL-Cholesterol (AI3), and the logarithm of the ratio of plasma concentration of triglycerides to HDL-cholesterol (AIP log) in hypertensive pre/perimenopausal women. The mean values were significantly lower in women carrying the Val/Val genotype. In early postmenopausal hypertensive women the Leu432Val genotypes were statistically significant and associated with LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) and AI2. The mean values of LDL-C and AI2 were significantly lower in women carrying the Leu/Leu genotype. In conclusion, the Leu432Val polymorphism may be associated with the atherogenic indices and LDL-C in hypertensive women.
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Willemars MMA, Nabben M, Verdonschot JAJ, Hoes MF. Evaluation of the Interaction of Sex Hormones and Cardiovascular Function and Health. Curr Heart Fail Rep 2022; 19:200-212. [PMID: 35624387 PMCID: PMC9329157 DOI: 10.1007/s11897-022-00555-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Sex hormones drive development and function of reproductive organs or the development of secondary sex characteristics but their effects on the cardiovascular system are poorly understood. In this review, we identify the gaps in our understanding of the interaction between sex hormones and the cardiovascular system. Recent Findings Studies are progressively elucidating molecular functions of sex hormones in specific cell types in parallel with the initiation of crucial large randomized controlled trials aimed at improving therapies for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) associated with aberrant levels of sex hormones. Summary In contrast with historical assumptions, we now understand that men and women show different symptoms and progression of CVDs. Abnormal levels of sex hormones pose an independent risk for CVD, which is apparent in conditions like Klinefelter syndrome, androgen insensitivity syndrome, and menopause. Moreover, sex hormone–based therapies remain understudied and may not be beneficial for cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrthe M A Willemars
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Miranda Nabben
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Job A J Verdonschot
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn F Hoes
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht, the Netherlands. .,Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands. .,Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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2-Methoxyestradiol Inhibits Radiation-Induced Skin Injuries. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084171. [PMID: 35456989 PMCID: PMC9032705 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced skin injury (RISI) is a main side effect of radiotherapy for cancer patients, with vascular damage being a common pathogenesis of acute and chronic RISI. Despite the severity of RISI, there are few treatments for it that are in clinical use. 2-Methoxyestradiol (2-ME) has been reported to regulate the radiation-induced vascular endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Thus, we investigated 2-ME as a potent anti-cancer and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) inhibitor drug that prevents RISI by targeting HIF-1α. 2-ME treatment prior to and post irradiation inhibited RISI on the skin of C57/BL6 mice. 2-ME also reduced radiation-induced inflammation, skin thickness, and vascular fibrosis. In particular, post-treatment with 2-ME after irradiation repaired the damaged vessels on the irradiated dermal skin, inhibiting endothelial HIF-1α expression. In addition to the increase in vascular density, post-treatment with 2-ME showed fibrotic changes in residual vessels with SMA+CD31+ on the irradiated skin. Furthermore, 2-ME significantly inhibited fibrotic changes and accumulated DNA damage in irradiated human dermal microvascular endothelial cells. Therefore, we suggest that 2-ME may be a potent therapeutic agent for RISI.
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Wickham KA, Nørregaard LB, Oxfeldt M, Cheung SS, Gliemann L, Hansen M, Hellsten Y. Short-Term Supplementation With Fermented Red Clover Extract Reduces Vascular Inflammation in Early Post-menopausal Women. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:826959. [PMID: 35224058 PMCID: PMC8866445 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.826959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The decline in estrogen at menopause poses a critical challenge to cardiovascular and metabolic health. Recently, a growing interest in the role of phytoestrogens, with a particular focus on isoflavones, has emerged as they can bind to estrogen receptors and may mimic the roles of endogenous estrogen. Fermented red clover extract (RC) contains isoflavones with superior bioavailability compared to non-fermented isoflavones, however little is known regarding the impact of isoflavones on cardiovascular and metabolic health. We assessed markers of vascular health in plasma and skeletal muscle samples obtained from healthy but sedentary early post-menopausal women (n = 10; 54 ± 4 years) following 2 weeks of twice daily treatment with placebo (PLA) or RC (60 mg isoflavones per day). The two interventions were administered using a randomized, double-blind, crossover design with a two-week washout period. Plasma samples were utilized for assessment of markers of vascular inflammation. There was a statistically significant reduction (~5.4%) in vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) following 2 weeks of RC supplementation compared to PLA (p = 0.03). In contrast, there was no effect of RC supplementation compared to PLA on skeletal muscle estrogen receptor content and enzymes related to vascular function, and angiogenesis. Supplementation with RC reduces vascular inflammation in early post-menopausal women and future studies should address the long-term impact of daily supplementation with RC after menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate A. Wickham
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Environmental Ergonomics Lab, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Line B. Nørregaard
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Oxfeldt
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Stephen S. Cheung
- Environmental Ergonomics Lab, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Lasse Gliemann
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Hansen
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ylva Hellsten
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Ylva Hellsten
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Hyvärinen M, Juppi HK, Taskinen S, Karppinen JE, Karvinen S, Tammelin TH, Kovanen V, Aukee P, Kujala UM, Rantalainen T, Sipilä S, Laakkonen EK. Metabolic health, menopause, and physical activity-a 4-year follow-up study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2021; 46:544-554. [PMID: 34802032 PMCID: PMC8605777 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-01022-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Background In women, metabolic health deteriorates after menopause, and the role of physical activity (PA) in mitigating the change is not completely understood. This study investigates the changes in indicators of metabolic health around menopause and evaluates whether PA modulates these changes. Methods Longitudinal data of 298 women aged 48–55 years at baseline participating in the ERMA and EsmiRs studies was used. Mean follow-up time was 3.8 (SD 0.1) years. Studied indicators of metabolic health were total and android fat mass, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, blood glucose, triglycerides, serum total cholesterol, and high- (HDL-C) and low-density (LDL-C) lipoprotein cholesterol. PA was assessed by accelerometers and questionnaires. The participants were categorized into three menopausal groups: PRE-PRE (pre- or perimenopausal at both timepoints, n = 56), PRE-POST (pre- or perimenopausal at baseline, postmenopausal at follow-up, n = 149), and POST-POST (postmenopausal at both timepoints, n = 93). Analyses were carried out using linear and Poisson mixed-effect models. Results At baseline, PA associated directly with HDL-C and inversely with LDL-C and all body adiposity variables. An increase was observed in total (B = 1.72, 95% CI [0.16, 3.28]) and android fat mass (0.26, [0.06, 0.46]), SBP (9.37, [3.34, 15.39]), and in all blood-based biomarkers in the PRE-POST group during the follow-up. The increase tended to be smaller in the PRE-PRE and POST-POST groups compared to the PRE-POST group, except for SBP. The change in PA associated inversely with the change in SBP (−2.40, [−4.34, −0.46]) and directly with the change in WHR (0.72, [0.05, 1.38]). Conclusions In middle-aged women, menopause may accelerate the changes in multiple indicators of metabolic health. PA associates with healthier blood lipid profile and body composition in middle-aged women but does not seem to modulate the changes in most of the studied metabolic health indicators during the menopausal transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matti Hyvärinen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Hanna-Kaarina Juppi
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sara Taskinen
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jari E Karppinen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sira Karvinen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tuija H Tammelin
- LIKES Research Centre for Physical Activity and Health, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Vuokko Kovanen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Pauliina Aukee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pelvic Floor Research and Therapy Unit, Central Finland Health Care District, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Urho M Kujala
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Timo Rantalainen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sarianna Sipilä
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Eija K Laakkonen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Chesnaye NC, Dekker FW, Evans M, Caskey FJ, Torino C, Postorino M, Szymczak M, Ramspek CL, Drechsler C, Wanner C, Jager KJ. Renal function decline in older men and women with advanced chronic kidney disease-results from the EQUAL study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2021; 36:1656-1663. [PMID: 32591814 PMCID: PMC8396396 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfaa095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Understanding the mechanisms underlying the differences in renal decline between men and women may improve sex-specific clinical monitoring and management. To this end, we aimed to compare the slope of renal function decline in older men and women in chronic kidney disease (CKD) Stages 4 and 5, taking into account informative censoring related to the sex-specific risks of mortality and dialysis initiation. METHODS The European QUALity Study on treatment in advanced CKD (EQUAL) study is an observational prospective cohort study in Stages 4 and 5 CKD patients ≥65 years not on dialysis. Data on clinical and demographic patient characteristics were collected between April 2012 and December 2018. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the CKD Epidemiology Collaboration equation. eGFR trajectory by sex was modelled using linear mixed models, and joint models were applied to deal with informative censoring. RESULTS We included 7801 eGFR measurements in 1682 patients over a total of 2911 years of follow-up. Renal function declined by 14.0% [95% confidence interval (CI) 12.9-15.1%] on average each year. Renal function declined faster in men (16.2%/year, 95% CI 15.9-17.1%) compared with women (9.6%/year, 95% CI 6.3-12.1%), which remained largely unchanged after accounting for various mediators and for informative censoring due to mortality and dialysis initiation. Diabetes was identified as an important determinant of renal decline specifically in women. CONCLUSION In conclusion, renal function declines faster in men compared with women, which remained similar after adjustment for mediators and despite a higher risk of informative censoring in men. We demonstrate a disproportional negative impact of diabetes specifically in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas C Chesnaye
- ERA-EDTA Registry, Department of Medical Informatics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Friedo W Dekker
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marie Evans
- Renal Unit, Department of Clinical Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fergus J Caskey
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Claudia Torino
- IFC-CNR, Clinical Epidemiology and Pathophysiology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension and G.O.M., Bianchi Melacrino Morelli, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Maurizio Postorino
- IFC-CNR, Clinical Epidemiology and Pathophysiology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension and G.O.M., Bianchi Melacrino Morelli, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Maciej Szymczak
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Chava L Ramspek
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Christoph Wanner
- Division of Nephrology, University Hospital of Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany
| | - Kitty J Jager
- ERA-EDTA Registry, Department of Medical Informatics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Duffy D, Yourkavitch J, Bruinvels G, Rinaldi NJ, Wideman L. The development and initial validation of the Health and Reproductive Survey (HeRS). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 17:17455065211004814. [PMID: 34348519 PMCID: PMC8358484 DOI: 10.1177/17455065211004814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background: Due to the diversity in profiles associated with the female reproductive cycle and their potential physiological and psychological effects, monitoring the reproductive status of exercising females is important from a practical and research perspective. Moreover, as physical activity can influence menstrual function, the effects of physical activity energy expenditure on reproductive function should also be considered. Aim: The aim of this study was to develop and establish initial face and content validity of the Health and Reproductive Survey (HeRS) for physically active females, which is a retrospective assessment of menstrual function from menarche (first menstruation) to menopause (cessation of menstruation). Methods: Face validity was evaluated qualitatively, and the initial content validity was established through a principal component analysis. The face validity process was completed by 26 females aged 19–67 years and the content validity was established through a survey sent to a convenience sample of 392 females, of which 230 females (57.9% and aged 18–49 years) completed the survey. Results: The revisions made following the face validation improved the understanding, flow, and coherence of the survey. The principal component analysis indicated that, at a minimum, the survey measures these constructs: menstrual cessation and associated moderators, athletic participation and performance levels (as associated with menstruation change and the menstrual cycle), age and menstrual cessation, hormonal contraception (“birth control”), and menarche and associated moderators. Conclusion: The Health and Reproductive Survey (HeRS) is a partially validated tool that can be used by researchers to characterize the menstrual status of physically active females relative to their physical activity status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna Duffy
- Center for Women's Health and Wellness, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA.,Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer Yourkavitch
- Department of Public Health Education, University of North Carolina, at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Georgie Bruinvels
- Faculty of Sport, Health and Applied Science, St. Mary's University, Twickenham, UK.,Orreco, Business Innovation Unit, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Nicola J Rinaldi
- NPNW Consulting, Lexington, MA, USA.,Antica Press LLC, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Laurie Wideman
- Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
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12
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Wesseling M, Mulder E, Brans MAD, Kapteijn DMC, Bulthuis M, Pasterkamp G, Verhaar MC, Danser AHJ, van Goor H, Joles JA, de Jager SCA. Mildly Increased Renin Expression in the Absence of Kidney Injury in the Murine Transverse Aortic Constriction Model. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:614656. [PMID: 34211391 PMCID: PMC8239225 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.614656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiorenal syndrome type 2 is characterized by kidney failure as a consequence of heart failure that affects >50% of heart failure patients. Murine transverse aortic constriction (TAC) is a heart failure model, where pressure overload is induced on the heart without any systemic hypertension or its consequences. Whether renal function is altered in this model is debated, and if so, at which time post-TAC renal dysfunction starts to contribute to worsening of cardiac function. We therefore studied the effects of progressive heart failure development on kidney function in the absence of chronically elevated systemic blood pressure and renal perfusion pressure. C57BL/6J mice (N = 129) were exposed to TAC using a minimally invasive technique and followed from 3 to 70 days post-TAC. Cardiac function was determined with 3D ultrasound and showed a gradual decrease in stroke volume over time. Renal renin expression and plasma renin concentration increased with progressive heart failure, suggesting hypoperfusion of the kidney. In addition, plasma urea concentration, a surrogate marker for renal dysfunction, was increased post-TAC. However, no structural abnormalities in the kidney, nor albuminuria were present at any time-point post-TAC. Progressive heart failure is associated with increased renin expression, but only mildly affected renal function without inducing structural injury. In combination, these data suggest that heart failure alone does not contribute to kidney dysfunction in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Wesseling
- Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Laboratory for Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Eva Mulder
- Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Maike A D Brans
- Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Daniek M C Kapteijn
- Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marian Bulthuis
- Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Gerard Pasterkamp
- Laboratory for Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marianne C Verhaar
- Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - A H Jan Danser
- Department of Pharmacology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Harry van Goor
- Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jaap A Joles
- Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Saskia C A de Jager
- Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Laboratory for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
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13
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Gender-Dependent Phenotype in Polycystic Kidney Disease Is Determined by Differential Intracellular Ca 2+ Signals. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116019. [PMID: 34199520 PMCID: PMC8199720 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is caused by loss of function of PKD1 (polycystin 1) or PKD2 (polycystin 2). The Ca2+-activated Cl− channel TMEM16A has a central role in ADPKD. Expression and function of TMEM16A is upregulated in ADPKD which causes enhanced intracellular Ca2+ signaling, cell proliferation, and ion secretion. We analyzed kidneys from Pkd1 knockout mice and found a more pronounced phenotype in males compared to females, despite similar levels of expression for renal tubular TMEM16A. Cell proliferation, which is known to be enhanced with loss of Pkd1−/−, was larger in male when compared to female Pkd1−/− cells. This was paralleled by higher basal intracellular Ca2+ concentrations in primary renal epithelial cells isolated from Pkd1−/− males. The results suggest enhanced intracellular Ca2+ levels contributing to augmented cell proliferation and cyst development in male kidneys. Enhanced resting Ca2+ also caused larger basal chloride currents in male primary cells, as detected in patch clamp recordings. Incubation of mouse primary cells, mCCDcl1 collecting duct cells or M1 collecting duct cells with dihydrotestosterone (DHT) enhanced basal Ca2+ levels and increased basal and ATP-stimulated TMEM16A chloride currents. Taken together, the more severe cystic phenotype in males is likely to be caused by enhanced cell proliferation, possibly due to enhanced basal and ATP-induced intracellular Ca2+ levels, leading to enhanced TMEM16A currents. Augmented Ca2+ signaling is possibly due to enhanced expression of Ca2+ transporting/regulating proteins.
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14
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Abstract
Migraine is considered mostly a woman’s complaint, even if it affects also men. Epidemiological data show a higher incidence of the disease in women, starting from puberty throughout life. The sex-related differences of migraine hold clinical relevance too. The frequency, duration, and disability of attacks tend to be higher in women. Because of this, probably, they also consult specialists more frequently and take more prescription drugs than men. Different mechanisms have been evaluated to explain these differences. Hormonal milieu and its modulation of neuronal and vascular reactivity is probably one of the most important aspects. Estrogens and progesterone regulate a host of biological functions through two mechanisms: nongenomic and genomic. They influence several neuromediators and neurotransmitters, and they may cause functional and structural differences in several brain regions, involved in migraine pathogenesis. In addition to their central action, sex hormones exert rapid modulation of vascular tone. The resulting specific sex phenotype should be considered during clinical management and experimental studies.
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15
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Toth-Manikowski SM, Yang W, Appel L, Chen J, Deo R, Frydrych A, Krousel-Wood M, Rahman M, Rosas SE, Sha D, Wright J, Daviglus ML, Go AS, Lash JP, Ricardo AC. Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Outcomes in CKD: Findings From the CRIC Study. Am J Kidney Dis 2021; 78:200-209.e1. [PMID: 33857532 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2021.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE Cardiovascular events are less common in women than men in general populations; however, studies in chronic kidney disease (CKD) are less conclusive. We evaluated sex-related differences in cardiovascular events and death in adults with CKD. STUDY DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS 1,778 women and 2,161 men enrolled in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC). EXPOSURE Sex (women vs men). OUTCOME Atherosclerotic composite outcome (myocardial infarction, stroke, or peripheral artery disease), incident heart failure, cardiovascular death, and all-cause death. ANALYTICAL APPROACH Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS During a median follow-up period of 9.6 years, we observed 698 atherosclerotic events (women, 264; men, 434), 762 heart failure events (women, 331; men, 431), 435 cardiovascular deaths (women, 163; men, 274), and 1,158 deaths from any cause (women, 449; men, 709). In analyses adjusted for sociodemographic, clinical, and metabolic parameters, women had a lower risk of atherosclerotic events (HR, 0.71 [95% CI, 0.57-0.88]), heart failure (HR, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.62-0.93]), cardiovascular death (HR, 0.55 [95% CI, 0.42-0.72]), and death from any cause (HR, 0.58 [95% CI, 0.49-0.69]) compared with men. These associations remained statistically significant after adjusting for cardiac and inflammation biomarkers. LIMITATIONS Assessment of sex hormones, which may play a role in cardiovascular risk, was not included. CONCLUSIONS In a large, diverse cohort of adults with CKD, compared with men, women had lower risks of cardiovascular events, cardiovascular mortality, and mortality from any cause. These differences were not explained by measured cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wei Yang
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Lawrence Appel
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Rajat Deo
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Anne Frydrych
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Marie Krousel-Wood
- Department of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA
| | - Mahboob Rahman
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Sylvia E Rosas
- Kidney and Hypertension Unit, Joslin Diabetes Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Daohang Sha
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jackson Wright
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Alan S Go
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA
| | - James P Lash
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Ana C Ricardo
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL.
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16
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Hannan M, Ansari S, Meza N, Anderson AH, Srivastava A, Waikar S, Charleston J, Weir MR, Taliercio J, Horwitz E, Saunders MR, Wolfrum K, Feldman HI, Lash JP, Ricardo AC. Risk Factors for CKD Progression: Overview of Findings from the CRIC Study. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 16:648-659. [PMID: 33177074 PMCID: PMC8092061 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.07830520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study is an ongoing, multicenter, longitudinal study of nearly 5500 adults with CKD in the United States. Over the past 10 years, the CRIC Study has made significant contributions to the understanding of factors associated with CKD progression. This review summarizes findings from longitudinal studies evaluating risk factors associated with CKD progression in the CRIC Study, grouped into the following six thematic categories: (1) sociodemographic and economic (sex, race/ethnicity, and nephrology care); (2) behavioral (healthy lifestyle, diet, and sleep); (3) genetic (apoL1, genome-wide association study, and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system pathway genes); (4) cardiovascular (atrial fibrillation, hypertension, and vascular stiffness); (5) metabolic (fibroblast growth factor 23 and urinary oxalate); and (6) novel factors (AKI and biomarkers of kidney injury). Additionally, we highlight areas where future research is needed, and opportunities for interdisciplinary collaboration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Hannan
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sajid Ansari
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Natalie Meza
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Amanda H. Anderson
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Anand Srivastava
- Center for Translational Metabolism and Health, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sushrut Waikar
- Nephrology Section, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jeanne Charleston
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Matthew R. Weir
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jonathan Taliercio
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Milda R. Saunders
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Katherine Wolfrum
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Harold I. Feldman
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - James P. Lash
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ana C. Ricardo
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
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17
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Calaf GM. Role of organophosphorous pesticides and acetylcholine in breast carcinogenesis. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 76:206-217. [PMID: 33766648 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide. Several studies have addressed the association between cancer in humans and agricultural pesticide exposure. Evidence indicates that exposure to organophosphorous pesticides such as parathion and malathion occurs as a result of occupational factors since they are extensively used to control insects. On the other hand, estrogens have been considered beneficial to the organism; however, epidemiological studies have pointed out an increased breast cancer risk in both humans and animals. Experimental female rat mammary gland cancer models were developed after exposure to parathion, malathion, eserine, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, and estrogen allowing the analysis of the signs of carcinogenicity as alteration of cell proliferation, receptor expression, genomic instability, and cell metabolism in vivo and in vitro. Thus, pesticides increased proliferative ducts followed by ductal carcinoma; and 17β-estradiol increased proliferative lobules followed by lobular carcinomas. The combination of both pesticides and either eserine or estrogen induced tumors with both types of structures followed by mammary gland tumors and metastasis to the lung and kidneys after 240 days of a 5-day treatment. Studies also showed that these pesticides and eserine decreased three to five times the acetylcholinesterase activity in the serum compared to controls whereas terminal end buds increased in number, being inhibited by atropine. Genomic instability was analyzed in such tissues (mp53, CYP1A2, c-myc, c-fos, ERα, M2R) and pesticides increased protein expression that was stimulated by estrogens but inhibited by atropine. Eserine also transformed the epithelium of the rat mammary gland in the presence of estrogen and increased the number of terminal end buds after treatment inducing mammary carcinomas. Then, enzymatic digestion of such structures gave rise to cells with increased DNA synthesis and induced anchorage independence. Thus, there were changes in the epithelium of the mammary gland influencing breast carcinogenesis. Furthermore, these substances and acetylcholine also showed the signs of carcinogenicity in vitro as cell proliferation, receptor expression (ERα, ErbB2, M2R), genomic instability (c-myc, mp53, ERα, M2R), and cell metabolism. A unique cellular model is also presented here based on the use of MCF-10 F, a non-tumorigenic cell line that represents a valuable clinically translatable experimental approach that identifies mechanistic links for pesticides and estrogen as suspect human carcinogenic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria M Calaf
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, 1000000, Chile; Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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18
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Shim JW, Ro H, Lee CS, Park J, Lee HM, Kim YS, Moon YE, Hong SH, Chae MS. Male Patients may be More Vulnerable to Acute Kidney Injury After Colorectal Surgery in an Enhanced Recovery Program: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis. World J Surg 2021; 45:1642-1651. [PMID: 33721072 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-021-06041-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although many reports have shown that enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programs improve the perioperative outcomes of patients undergoing colorectal surgery, the prevalence of early acute kidney injury (AKI) after surgery in such patients requires attention. Protective roles of the female sex in terms of chronic kidney disease and progression of ischemic renal injury have been described in many studies. We thus explored whether a sex difference was evident in terms of postoperative AKI in a colorectal ERAS setting. METHODS From January 2017 to August 2019, 453 patients underwent laparoscopic colorectal cancer resection in an enhanced recovery program. Of these, 217 female patients were propensity score (PS)-matched with 236 male patients. Then, 215 patients of either sex were compared in terms of postoperative renal function and complications. RESULTS Among the PS-matched patients, the incidence of AKI was significantly higher in male than female patients (24.2% vs. 9.8%, P < 0.001). Male patients also exhibited a greater reduction in the postoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate, compared with female patients. The male sex was associated with an approximately threefold increase in the risk of AKI. The rate of surgical complications was significantly higher in male than female patients. CONCLUSIONS Caution must be taken to prevent postoperative AKI in patients (particularly males) participating in colorectal ERAS programs. The mechanism underlying the sex difference remains unclear. Additional studies are required to determine whether male patients require perioperative management that differs from that of females, to prevent postoperative AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Woo Shim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojun Ro
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Seung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesik Park
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Mook Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Suk Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Eun Moon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Hong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Suk Chae
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Yuan HC, Yu QT, Bai H, Xu HZ, Gu P, Chen LY. Alcohol intake and the risk of chronic kidney disease: results from a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Nutr 2021; 75:1555-1567. [PMID: 33674776 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-021-00873-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Many prospective cohort studies have investigated the association between the consumption of alcohol and CKD risk and have revealed inconsistent results. In the present study, we aimed to perform a meta-analysis of these studies to assess this association.We searched the PubMed and Embase databases up to 2020 and reviewed the reference lists of relevant articles to identify appropriate studies. We calculated the pooled relative risks with 95% CIs using random effects models, and then performed subgroup and meta-regression analyses. Dose-response meta-analyses were performed by sex separately. We identified 25 eligible prospective cohort studies, including 514,148 participants and 35,585 incident CKD cases. Compared with the category of minimal alcohol intake, light (RR = 0.90, I2 = 49%), moderate (RR = 0.86, I2 = 40%), and heavy (RR = 0.85, I2 = 51%) alcohol intake were associated with a lower risk of CKD. Subgroup meta-analysis by sex indicated that light (RR = 0.92, I2 = 0%), moderate (RR = 0.83, I2 = 39%) and heavy (RR = 0.76, I2 = 40%), alcohol consumption were inversely associated with CKD risk in male. Dose-response meta-analyses detected a nonlinear inverse association between alcohol consumption and the risk of CKD in all participants and linear inverse association in female participants. This meta-analysis shows that light (<12 g/day), moderate (12-24 g/day), and heavy (>24 g/day) alcohol consumption are protective against chronic kidney disease in adult participants especially in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Yuan
- Department of Nutrition, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Q T Yu
- The People's Hospital of Huaiyin, Jinan, China
| | - H Bai
- The People's Hospital of Huaiyin, Jinan, China
| | - H Z Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - P Gu
- Department of Nutrition, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China.
| | - L Y Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China. .,Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China.
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20
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Calaf GM, Bleak TC, Roy D. Signs of carcinogenicity induced by parathion, malathion, and estrogen in human breast epithelial cells (Review). Oncol Rep 2021; 45:24. [PMID: 33649804 PMCID: PMC7905528 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.7975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer development is a multistep process that may be induced by a variety of compounds. Environmental substances, such as pesticides, have been associated with different human diseases. Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) are among the most commonly used insecticides. Despite the fact that organophosphorus has been associated with an increased risk of cancer, particularly hormone-mediated cancer, few prospective studies have examined the use of individual insecticides. Reported results have demonstrated that OPs and estrogen induce a cascade of events indicative of the transformation of human breast epithelial cells. In vitro studies analyzing an immortalized non-tumorigenic human breast epithelial cell line may provide us with an approach to analyzing cell transformation under the effects of OPs in the presence of estrogen. The results suggested hormone-mediated effects of these insecticides on the risk of cancer among women. It can be concluded that, through experimental models, the initiation of cancer can be studied by analyzing the steps that transform normal breast cells to malignant ones through certain substances, such as pesticides and estrogen. Such substances cause genomic instability, and therefore tumor formation in the animal, and signs of carcinogenesis in vitro. Cancer initiation has been associated with an increase in genomic instability, indicated by the inactivation of tumor-suppressor genes and activation of oncogenes in the presence of malathion, parathion, and estrogen. In the present study, a comprehensive summary of the impact of OPs in human and rat breast cancer, specifically their effects on the cell cycle, signaling pathways linked to epidermal growth factor, drug metabolism, and genomic instability in an MCF-10F estrogen receptor-negative breast cell line is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria M Calaf
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - Tammy C Bleak
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - Debasish Roy
- Department of Natural Sciences, Hostos Community College of The City University of New York, Bronx, NY 10451, USA
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21
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Habeichi N, Mroueh A, Kaplan A, Ghali R, Al-Awassi H, Tannous C, Husari A, Jurjus A, Altara R, Booz G, El-Yazbi A, Zouein F. Sex-based differences in myocardial infarction-induced kidney damage following cigarette smoking exposure: more renal protection in premenopausal female mice. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:BSR20193229. [PMID: 32519752 PMCID: PMC7313446 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20193229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of cigarette smoking (CS) on kidney homeostasis in the presence of myocardial infarction (MI) in both males and females remains poorly elucidated. C57BL6/J mice were exposed to 2 weeks of CS prior to MI induction followed by 1 week of CS exposure in order to investigate the impact of CS on kidney damage in the presence of MI. Cardiac hemodynamic analysis revealed a significant decrease in ejection fraction (EF) in CS-exposed MI male mice when compared with the relative female subjects, whereas cardiac output (CO) comparably decreased in CS-exposed MI mice of both sexes. Kidney structural alterations, including glomerular retraction, proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) cross-sectional area, and total renal fibrosis were more pronounced in CS-exposed MI male mice when compared with the relative female group. Although renal reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and glomerular DNA fragmentation significantly increased to the same extent in CS-exposed MI mice of both sexes, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) significantly increased in CS-exposed MI male mice, only. Metabolically, nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) and nicotinamide riboside-1 (NMRK-1) substantially increased in CS-exposed MI female mice only, whereas sirtuin (SIRT)-1 and SIRT-3 substantially decreased in CS-exposed MI male mice compared with their relative female group. Additionally, renal NAD levels significantly decreased only in CS-exposed MI male mice. In conclusion, MI female mice exhibited pronounced renal protection following CS when compared with the relative male groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada J. Habeichi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
- INSERM Department of Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology-UMR-S1180, University Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Ali Mroueh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abdullah Kaplan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rana Ghali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hiam Al-Awassi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Cynthia Tannous
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ahmad Husari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Respiratory Diseases and Sleep Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abdo Jurjus
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Raffaele Altara
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pathology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, U.S.A
| | - George W. Booz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, U.S.A
| | - Ahmed El-Yazbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Fouad A. Zouein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
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22
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Konhilas JP, Sanchez JN, Regan JA, Constantopoulos E, Lopez-Pier M, Cannon DK, Skaria R, McKee LA, Chen H, Lipovka Y, Pollow D, Brooks HL. Using 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide as a model of menopause for cardiovascular disease. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 318:H1461-H1473. [PMID: 32383991 PMCID: PMC7311698 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00555.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
There is a sharp rise in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and progression with the onset of menopause. The 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) model of menopause recapitulates the natural, physiological transition through perimenopause to menopause. We hypothesized that menopausal female mice were more susceptible to CVD than pre- or perimenopausal females. Female mice were treated with VCD or vehicle for 20 consecutive days. Premenopausal, perimenopausal, and menopausal mice were administered angiotensin II (ANG II) or subjected to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). Menopausal females were more susceptible to pathological ANG II-induced cardiac remodeling and cardiac injury from a myocardial infarction (MI), while perimenopausal, like premenopausal, females remained protected. Specifically, ANG II significantly elevated diastolic (130.9 ± 6.0 vs. 114.7 ± 6.2 mmHg) and systolic (156.9 ± 4.8 vs. 141.7 ± 5.0 mmHg) blood pressure and normalized cardiac mass (15.9 ± 1.0 vs. 7.7 ± 1.5%) to a greater extent in menopausal females compared with controls, whereas perimenopausal females demonstrated a similar elevation of diastolic (93.7 ± 2.9 vs. 100.5 ± 4.1 mmHg) and systolic (155.9 ± 7.3 vs. 152.3 ± 6.5 mmHg) blood pressure and normalized cardiac mass (8.3 ± 2.1 vs. 7.5 ± 1.4%) compared with controls. Similarly, menopausal females demonstrated a threefold increase in fibrosis measured by Picrosirus red staining. Finally, hearts of menopausal females (41 ± 5%) showed larger infarct sizes following I/R injury than perimenopausal (18.0 ± 5.6%) and premenopausal (16.2 ± 3.3, 20.1 ± 4.8%) groups. Using the VCD model of menopause, we provide evidence that menopausal females were more susceptible to pathological cardiac remodeling. We suggest that the VCD model of menopause may be critical to better elucidate cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the transition to CVD susceptibility in menopausal women.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Before menopause, women are protected against cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared with age-matched men; this protection is gradually lost after menopause. We present the first evidence that demonstrates menopausal females are more susceptible to pathological cardiac remodeling while perimenopausal and cycling females are not. The VCD model permits appropriate examination of how increased susceptibility to the pathological process of cardiac remodeling accelerates from pre- to perimenopause to menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Konhilas
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Jessica N Sanchez
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Jessica A Regan
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Eleni Constantopoulos
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Marissa Lopez-Pier
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | | | - Rinku Skaria
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Laurel A McKee
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Yulia Lipovka
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Dennis Pollow
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Heddwen L Brooks
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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Menopause-Related Estrogen Decrease and the Pathogenesis of HFpEF. J Am Coll Cardiol 2020; 75:1074-1082. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to examine the effect of the menstrual cycle on running economy (RE). METHODS Using a repeated-measures design, ten eumenorrheic, trained female runners (age: 32±6 yrs, V̇O2max: 59.7±4.7 mL·kg-1·min-1) completed four, weekly, identical sub-maximal and maximal incremental step tests on a treadmill to measure physiological responses across a full menstrual cycle. For phase comparison, the results from the trials that fell in the early follicular (low estrogen, low progesterone), late follicular (high estrogen, low progesterone) and mid-luteal (high estrogen, high progesterone) phases were used. RESULTS There was a significant effect of menstrual cycle phase on RE (P=0.001), with RE in the mid-luteal (ML) phase being worse than that of the early follicular (EF) (+2.33 mL·kg-1·min-1; P=0.026) and late follicular (LF) (+2.17 mL·kg-1·min-1; P=0.011) phases. The ML phase also resulted in elevated core temperature versus the EF (+0.51 ºC; P=0.001) and LF (+0.66 ºC; P=0.037) phases, and elevated minute ventilation versus the EF phase (+3.83 L·min-1; P=0.003). No significant effects of menstrual cycle phase were found on body mass, heart rate, ratings of perceived exertion, time-to-exhaustion, maximal oxygen consumption, or blood lactate concentration. CONCLUSIONS In the ML phase, which causes increased core temperature and minute ventilation, RE is impaired at exercise intensities that are applicable to training and performance. In physiologically stressful environments, this impairment in RE may have a significant impact on training and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Goldsmith
- Faculty of Sport, Health, and Applied Sciences, St Mary's University, Strawberry Hill, Twickenham, UK -
| | - Mark Glaister
- Faculty of Sport, Health, and Applied Sciences, St Mary's University, Strawberry Hill, Twickenham, UK
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25
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El-Gendy AA, Elsaed WM, Abdallah HI. Potential role of estradiol in ovariectomy-induced derangement of renal endocrine functions. Ren Fail 2019; 41:507-520. [PMID: 31216906 PMCID: PMC6586115 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2019.1625787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Menopause is an important physiological event associated with structural and functional changes in the kidneys. An animal model of bilateral ovariectomy was used to study the effects of estrogen depletion, replacement and antiestrogen on renal structure and endocrine function. Sixty female rats were divided into six groups; group I was the control group, the remaining five groups underwent ovariectomy: group II received no treatment. The other groups received estradiol in group III, tamoxifen in group IV, estradiol followed by tamoxifen in group V and tamoxifen followed by estradiol in group VI. Serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and endocrine functions of kidney were measured. Tissue samples were examined both microscopically for beta estrogen receptors and ultrastructurally for cell changes. Groups II, IV & VI showed a significant increase in creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, renal malondialdehyde, renal erythropoietin, plasma renin and plasma prostaglandin E2 and a significant decrease in renal antioxidants and serum vitamin D3. Groups III &V had a significant decrease in creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, renal malondialdehyde and renal erythropoietin with an increase in renal antioxidants, plasma prostaglandin E2 and serum vitamin D3. Histopathological and ultrastructural examinations revealed atrophic tubular changes in group II. The changes were less marked in groups III &V and more extensive in groups IV & VI. Estrogen receptor beta staining showed progressively increased expression in the absence of estrogen. Structural and most endocrine functions of the kidney were significantly affected by estradiol deficiency. Estradiol replacement exhibited a protective effect on renal tissue and endocrine functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A El-Gendy
- a Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine , Taibah University , Madinah , Saudi Arabia.,b Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine , Mansoura University , Mansoura , Egypt
| | - Wael M Elsaed
- c Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Taibah University , Madinah , Saudi Arabia.,d Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Mansoura University , Mansoura , Egypt
| | - Hesham I Abdallah
- c Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Taibah University , Madinah , Saudi Arabia.,e Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Ain Shams University , Cairo , Egypt
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26
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Lakzaei H, Safari T, Komeili GR. Interaction of Sex Hormones and the Renin-Angiotensin System in Ovariectomized Rats Subjected to Ischemia-Reperfusion Induction. Adv Biomed Res 2019; 8:64. [PMID: 31737581 PMCID: PMC6839270 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_172_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds: Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injuries occur in a variety of clinical conditions, which lead to kidney damage. Most of the tissue damages after IR are due to the activation of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS). Hence, in this study, the interaction of sex hormones and RAS in ovariectomized (OV) rats subjected to IR induction has been studied. Materials and Methods: The animals were divided into different groups. Groups 1 (OV + E, OV rat + estradiol) and 2 (OV rat) each one consisted of three separate IR-induced subgroups treated with losartan, angiotensin 1–7 (Ang 1–7), and their combination, Group 3, as control and Group 4, as sham. Next, 72 h after IR, blood samples were collected, the right kidneys were homogenized, and left kidneys were fixed in 10% formalin. Results: Findings show that serum blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and kidney tissue damage score levels increased significantly with induction of IR (P < 0.05). Mean serum levels of these factors in OV + E groups are higher than those of the OV. The presence or absence of estradiol did not affect the levels of antioxidants in the different groups receiving Los, Ang 1–7, and their combination. Los, Ang 1–7, and their combination reduced serum and kidney malondialdehyde levels in both OV and OV + E groups. Conclusion: Estrogen not only fails to improve renal functioning but it can also exacerbate it. While the treatments used in this study, in the absence of estradiol, it had a better effect on kidney damages and improved its functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halimeh Lakzaei
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Tahereh Safari
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Gholam Reza Komeili
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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Cabral EV, Vieira LD, Sant'Helena BRM, Ribeiro VS, Farias JS, Aires RS, Paz ST, Muzi‐Filho H, Paixão AD, Vieyra A. Alpha‐Tocopherol during lactation and after weaning alters the programming effect of prenatal high salt intake on cardiac and renal functions of adult male offspring. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2019; 46:1151-1165. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edjair V. Cabral
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Federal University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil
- National Center of Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIO Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Leucio D. Vieira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Federal University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil
- National Center of Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIO Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | | | - Valdilene S. Ribeiro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Federal University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil
| | - Juliane S. Farias
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Federal University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil
| | - Regina S. Aires
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Federal University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil
| | - Silvania T. Paz
- Department of Pathology Federal University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil
| | - Humberto Muzi‐Filho
- National Center of Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIO Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine/REGENERA Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Ana D. Paixão
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Federal University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil
- National Center of Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIO Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Adalberto Vieyra
- National Center of Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIO Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine/REGENERA Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Graduate Program in Translational Biomedicine/BIOTRANS Grande Rio University Duque de Caxias Brazil
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miR-146b-5p has a sex-specific role in renal and cardiac pathology in a rat model of chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 2019; 96:1332-1345. [PMID: 31668631 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2019.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease presents a complex and distinct pathological landscape in men and women, yet this difference is poorly understood. microRNAs are powerful molecular regulators of pathophysiology in the kidney and other organs. We previously reported a significant upregulation of miR-146b-5p in the 5/6 nephrectomy rat model of chronic kidney disease. Here we investigated the sex-specific contribution of miR-146b-5p to renocardiac pathology by generating a novel miR-146b-/- rat and characterized the expression of miR-146b-5p in both wild-type and knockout animals. The 5/6 nephrectomy or sham surgery was performed on rats of each genotype and sex. Renal pathology was examined through gross histology, plasma and urinary analysis of electrolytes and metabolites, and by chronic blood pressure monitoring. Cardiac pathology was monitored via echocardiography and pressure-volume analysis. The miR-146b-/- rats show functional knockout of miR-146b-5p in both the kidney and heart. While 5/6 nephrectomy induced tissue hypertrophy, miR-146b-/- female rats displayed exacerbated renal hypertrophy. Additionally, miR-146b-/- female rats exhibited a marked elevation of renal fibrosis and significant renal dysfunction yet lower blood pressure and less pronounced cardiac remodeling. These phenotypic differences were not exhibited in miR-146b-/- male rats. Ovariectomy ameliorated renal pathology and abolished genotypic differences. In vitro examination of transforming growth factor-β signaling in combination with miR-146b-5p manipulation supports a role for miR-146b-5p in mediating the protective benefit of estrogen from renal pathologies. Thus, our data highlight an important role of miR-146b-5p in modulating kidney disease progression and provide new avenues for the study of sex-specific pathology.
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29
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Zhang X, Ge Y, Bukhari AAS, Zhu Q, Shen Y, Li M, Sun H, Su D, Liang X. Estrogen negatively regulates the renal epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) by promoting Derlin-1 expression and AMPK activation. Exp Mol Med 2019; 51:1-12. [PMID: 31113930 PMCID: PMC6529463 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-019-0253-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The main functions of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) in the kidney distal nephron are mediation of sodium and water balance and stabilization of blood pressure. Estrogen has important effects on sodium and water balance and on premenopausal blood pressure, but its role in the regulation of ENaC function is not fully understood. Female Sprague–Dawley rats were treated with 17β-estradiol for 6 weeks following bilateral ovariectomy. Plasma estrogen, aldosterone, creatinine, and electrolytes were analyzed, and α-ENaC and derlin-1 protein expression in the kidney was determined by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. The expression levels of α-ENaC, derlin-1, AMPK, and related molecules were also examined by western blotting and real-time PCR in cultured mouse renal collecting duct (mpkCCDc14) epithelial cells following estrogen treatment. Immunofluorescence and coimmunoprecipitation were performed to detect α-ENaC binding with derlin-1 and α-ENaC ubiquitination. The results demonstrated that the loss of estrogen elevated systolic blood pressure in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. OVX rat kidneys showed increased α-ENaC expression but decreased derlin-1 expression. In contrast, estrogen treatment decreased α-ENaC expression but increased derlin-1 expression in mpkCCDc14 cells. Moreover, estrogen induced α-ENaC ubiquitination by promoting the interaction of α-ENaC with derlin-1 and evoked phosphorylation of AMPK in mpkCCDc14 cells. Our study indicates that estrogen reduces ENaC expression and blood pressure in OVX rats through derlin-1 upregulation and AMPK activation. Estrogen treatment could prove valuable in tackling high blood pressure (hypertension) in postmenopausal women. Long-term healthy blood pressure is linked to the correct regulation of sodium and water levels in the kidneys. The renal epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is a cellular membrane channel responsible for mediating sodium reabsorption and fluid balance. Liang and co-workers at Nanjing Medical University in Nanjing, China, conducted experiments on postmenopausal rat models, and found that loss of estrogen elevates systolic blood pressure (the pressure during heart muscle contraction), and that the rats had high levels of ENaC expression. Further investigations showed that estrogen treatment restored blood pressure to normal levels by promoting two key proteins involved in cellular membrane health and energy metabolism. This in turn reinstated normal levels of ENaC breakdown in the kidneys, limiting hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yamei Ge
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | | | - Qian Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yachen Shen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Dongming Su
- Center of Pathology and Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Hospital, Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiubin Liang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Canbolat EP, Sağsöz N, Noyan V, Yücel A, Kısa Ü. Effects of l-carnitine on oxidative stress parameters in oophorectomized rats. ALEXANDRIA JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajme.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Emel Peri Canbolat
- Şanlıurfa Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Nevin Sağsöz
- Kırıkkale University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | | | - Aykan Yücel
- Zekai Tahir Burak Women’s Health Education and Research Hospital, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Üçler Kısa
- Kırıkkale University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Kırıkkale, Turkey
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31
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Beale AL, Kaye DM, Marques FZ. The role of the gut microbiome in sex differences in arterial pressure. Biol Sex Differ 2019; 10:22. [PMID: 31023366 PMCID: PMC6485140 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-019-0236-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been intense interest in the role of the gut microbiome in human health and a broad range of diseases in recent years. In the context of cardiovascular disease, gut dysbiosis (defined as a change in the gut microbiome and the gut-epithelial barrier) has been linked to disturbances in blood pressure (BP) regulation. These findings build upon our understanding of the complex pathophysiology of essential hypertension. There are clear sex differences in the epidemiology of hypertension, with distinct trends in BP across the life-course in men and women. To date, a role for the gut microbiome in contributing to the sex differences in BP is yet to be clearly established. The purpose of this review is to summarise the current literature regarding how the gut microbiome differs between men and women and to investigate whether sex-determined differences in the gut microbiome influence the response to factors such as diet, obesity and inflammation. Finally, we will explore evidence for the possible interaction between sex-specific factors, including sex hormones and pregnancy, with the gut in the context of hypertension pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L Beale
- Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.,Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Heart Centre, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David M Kaye
- Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.,Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Heart Centre, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Francine Z Marques
- Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia. .,School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
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32
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Ricardo AC, Yang W, Sha D, Appel LJ, Chen J, Krousel-Wood M, Manoharan A, Steigerwalt S, Wright J, Rahman M, Rosas SE, Saunders M, Sharma K, Daviglus ML, Lash JP. Sex-Related Disparities in CKD Progression. J Am Soc Nephrol 2018; 30:137-146. [PMID: 30510134 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2018030296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the United States, incidence of ESRD is 1.5 times higher in men than in women, despite men's lower prevalence of CKD. Prior studies, limited by inclusion of small percentages of minorities and other factors, suggested that men have more rapid CKD progression, but this finding has been inconsistent. METHODS In our prospective investigation of sex differences in CKD progression, we used data from 3939 adults (1778 women and 2161 men) enrolled in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort Study, a large, diverse CKD cohort. We evaluated associations between sex (women versus men) and outcomes, specifically incident ESRD (defined as undergoing dialysis or a kidney transplant), 50% eGFR decline from baseline, incident CKD stage 5 (eGFR<15 ml/min per 1.73 m2), eGFR slope, and all-cause death. RESULTS Participants' mean age was 58 years at study entry; 42% were non-Hispanic black, and 13% were Hispanic. During median follow-up of 6.9 years, 844 individuals developed ESRD, and 853 died. In multivariable regression models, compared with men, women had significantly lower risk of ESRD, 50% eGFR decline, progression to CKD stage 5, and death. The mean unadjusted eGFR slope was -1.09 ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year in women and -1.43 ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year in men, but this difference was not significant after multivariable adjustment. CONCLUSIONS In this CKD cohort, women had lower risk of CKD progression and death compared with men. Additional investigation is needed to identify biologic and psychosocial factors underlying these sex-related differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C Ricardo
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois;
| | - Wei Yang
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Daohang Sha
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lawrence J Appel
- Department of Medicine, Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jing Chen
- Departments of Medicine and.,Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Marie Krousel-Wood
- Departments of Medicine and.,Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Anjella Manoharan
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Jackson Wright
- Department of Medicine, Case Western University, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Mahboob Rahman
- Department of Medicine, Case Western University, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sylvia E Rosas
- Department of Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Milda Saunders
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - Kumar Sharma
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - James P Lash
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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Neugarten J, Golestaneh L. Female sex reduces the risk of hospital-associated acute kidney injury: a meta-analysis. BMC Nephrol 2018; 19:314. [PMID: 30409132 PMCID: PMC6225636 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-018-1122-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Female sex has been included as a risk factor in models developed to predict the development of AKI. In addition, the commentary to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes Clinical Practice Guideline for AKI concludes that female sex is a risk factor for hospital-acquired AKI. In contrast, a protective effect of female sex has been demonstrated in animal models of ischemic AKI. Methods To further explore this issue, we performed a meta-analysis of AKI studies published between January, 1978 and April, 2018 and identified 83 studies reporting sex-stratified data on the incidence of hospital-associated AKI among nearly 240,000,000 patients. Results Twenty-eight studies (6,758,124 patients) utilized multivariate analysis to assess risk factors for hospital-associated AKI and provided sex-stratified ORs. Meta-analysis of this cohort showed that the risk of developing hospital-associated AKI was significantly greater in men than in women (OR 1.23 (1.11,1.36). Since AKI is not a single disease but instead represents a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by an acute reduction in renal function, we performed subgroup meta-analyses. The association of male sex with AKI was strongest among studies of patients who underwent non-cardiac surgery. Male sex was also associated with AKI in studies which included unselected hospitalized patients and in studies of critically ill patients who received care in an intensive care unit. In contrast, cardiac surgery-associated AKI and radiocontrast-induced AKI showed no sexual dimorphism. Conclusions Our meta-analysis contradicts the established belief that female sex confers a greater risk of AKI and instead suggests a protective role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Neugarten
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 111 E. 210 St, Bronx, NY, 10467, USA.
| | - Ladan Golestaneh
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 111 E. 210 St, Bronx, NY, 10467, USA.
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Song S, Wu S, Wang Y, Wang Z, Ye C, Song R, Song D, Ruan Y. 17β-estradiol inhibits human umbilical vascular endothelial cell senescence by regulating autophagy via p53. Exp Gerontol 2018; 114:57-66. [PMID: 30399406 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cell (VEC) senescence is an initiating factor in numerous cardiovascular diseases. Recent studies showed that 17β-estradiol (17β-E2), an estrogen with numerous biological activities such as inhibition of atherosclerosis, protects VECs from senescence. However, the effects of 17β-E2 on human umbilical VECs (HUVECs) remain unknown. This study investigated the anti-senescent effect of 17β-E2 on HUVECs and explored the underlying mechanism with respect to autophagy and p53 activity. First, rapamycin and 3-methyladenine were used to clarify the relationship between autophagy and senescence in HUVECs, and an inverse relationship was demonstrated. Next, the effect of 17β-E2 on H2O2-induced senescence of HUVECs was examined. Increased autophagy induced by 17β-E2 inhibited H2O2-induced senescence of HUVECs, increased cell viability, and maintained HUVEC morphology. 17β-E2 pre-treatment also decreased cell cycle arrest, decreased the dephosphorylation of Rb, decreased the production of ET-1, and increased the production of NO. Most importantly, 17β-E2 pre-treatment increased autophagy by activating p53 and its downstream effector p53-upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA). Overall, our data indicate the critical role of autophagy in the anti-senescent effect of 17β-E2 on HUVECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shicong Song
- Department of Gerontology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Saizhu Wu
- Department of Gerontology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuyan Wang
- Department of Gerontology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Department of Gerontology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changxiong Ye
- Department of Gerontology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Song
- Department of Gerontology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongqing Song
- Department of Gerontology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunjun Ruan
- Department of Gerontology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Kim SE, Jang ES, Ki M, Gwak GY, Kim KA, Kim GA, Kim DY, Kim DJ, Kim MW, Kim YS, Kim YS, Kim IH, Kim CW, Kim HD, Kim HJ, Park NH, Baik SK, Suh JI, Song BC, Song IH, Yeon JE, Lee BS, Lee YJ, Jung YK, Chung WJ, Cho SB, Cho EY, Cho HC, Cheon GJ, Chae HB, Choi D, Choi SK, Choi HY, Tak WY, Heo J, Jeong SH. Chronic Hepatitis B Infection Is Significantly Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease: a Population-based, Matched Case-control Study. J Korean Med Sci 2018; 33:e264. [PMID: 30310365 PMCID: PMC6179986 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2018.33.e264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection leads to hepatic and extrahepatic manifestations including chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the association between HBV and CKD is not clear. This study investigated the association between chronic HBV infection and CKD in a nationwide multicenter study. METHODS A total of 265,086 subjects who underwent health-check examinations in 33 hospitals from January 2015 to December 2015 were enrolled. HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) positive cases (n = 10,048), and age- and gender-matched HBsAg negative controls (n = 40,192) were identified. CKD was defined as a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or proteinuria as at least grade 2+ of urine protein. RESULTS HBsAg positive cases showed a significantly higher prevalence of GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (3.3%), and proteinuria (18.9%) than that of the controls (2.6%, P < 0.001, and 14.1%, P < 0.001, respectively). In the multivariate analysis, HBsAg positivity was an independent factor associated with GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 along with age, blood levels of albumin, bilirubin, anemia, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Likewise, HBsAg positivity was an independent factor for proteinuria along with age, male, blood levels of bilirubin, protein, albumin, and HbA1c. A subgroup analysis showed that HBsAg positive men but not women had a significantly increased risk for GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. CONCLUSION Chronic HBV infection was significantly associated with a GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and proteinuria (≥ 2+). Therefore, clinical concern about CKD in chronic HBV infected patients, especially in male, is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Eun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Eun Sun Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Moran Ki
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Geum-Youn Gwak
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Ah Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Gi-Ae Kim
- Health Screening and Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Joon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Man Woo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chosun University School of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yun Soo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University, College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Young Seok Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - In Hee Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University College of Medicine, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Chang Wook Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Uijeongbu, Korea
| | - Ho Dong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Carollo General Hospital, Suncheon, Korea
| | - Hyung Joon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Neung Hwa Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Soon Koo Baik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Jeong Ill Suh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Gyeongju Hospital, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, Korea
| | - Byung-Cheol Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Il Han Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jong Eun Yeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Seok Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Youn Jae Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Young Kul Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Korea
| | - Woo Jin Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sung Bum Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Eun-Young Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, Korea
| | - Hyun Chin Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | - Gab Jin Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine, GangNeung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Hee Bok Chae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - DaeHee Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Sung-Kyu Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hwa Young Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Won Young Tak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jeong Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Sook-Hyang Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
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Kow LM, Pfaff DW. Can distinctly different rapid estrogen actions share a common mechanistic step? Horm Behav 2018; 104:156-164. [PMID: 29476777 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Contribution to Special Issue on Fast effects of steroids. This paper reviews early evidence for the existence of rapid, non-genomic effects of estrogens on neurons, and, further, proposes that these rapid effects are often synergistic with later, genomic effects. Finally, suggestions about potential molecular mechanisms underlying the rapid effects of estrogens are offered. A mechanistic step we propose to be common among rapid estrogenic actions includes membrane ER's binding to histamine, and NMDA receptors and subsequent dimerization, and clustering (respectively) in a manner that enhances histamine and NMDA actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee-Ming Kow
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Behavior, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States.
| | - Donald W Pfaff
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Behavior, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States
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Landeros RV, Pastore MB, Magness RR. Effects of the Catechol and Methoxy Metabolites of 17β-Estradiol on Nitric Oxide Production by Ovine Uterine Artery Endothelial Cells. Reprod Sci 2018; 26:459-468. [PMID: 29929429 DOI: 10.1177/1933719118783265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) production is essential to facilitate rises in uterine blood flow (UBF) during pregnancy. It has been proposed that the metabolites of E2β, 2-hydroxyestradiol (2-OHE2), 4-hydroxyestradiol (4-OHE2), 2-methoxyestradiol (2-ME2), and 4-methoxyestradiol (4-ME2) play a role in mediating vasodilation and rises in UBF during pregnancy. We previously showed that the E2β metabolites stimulate prostacyclin production in pregnancy-derived ovine uterine artery endothelial cells (P-UAECs); however, it is unknown whether the E2β metabolites also induce NO production. Herein, UAECs derived from nonpregnant and pregnant ewes were used to test the hypothesis that E2β metabolites stimulate NO production in a pregnancy-specific manner. Specific estrogen receptor (ER) and adrenergic receptor (AR) antagonists were used to determine the roles of ERs or ARs in E2β metabolite-induced NO production. E2β and its metabolites increased total nitric oxide metabolites (NOx) levels (NO2 + NO3) in P-UAECs, but not in NP-UAECs. Pretreatment with combined 1 µmol/L 1,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-methyl-5-[4-(2-piperidinylethoxy)phenol]-1H-pyrazole dihydrochloride (MPP; ER-α antagonist) and 1 µmol/L 4-[2-phenyl-5,7-bis(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl]phenol (PHTPP; ER-β antagonist) inhibited the rises in NOx levels stimulated by E2β and 2-ME2, but had no effect on 2-OHE2-, 4-OHE2-, or 4-ME2-stimulated rises in NOx levels. Pretreatment with yohimbine (α2-AR antagonist) and propranolol (β2,3-AR antagonist) inhibited the rises in NOx levels stimulated by 2-OHE2, but not by E2β, 4-OHE2, 2-ME2, or 4-ME2. These data demonstrate that E2β metabolites stimulate NO synthesis via ERs or ARs in UAECs in a pregnancy-specific manner, suggesting that these metabolites contribute to rises in vasodilation and UBF during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalina Villalon Landeros
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perinatal Research Laboratories, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mayra B Pastore
- 2 Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ronald R Magness
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perinatal Research Laboratories, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,3 Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,4 Department of Animal Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,5 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, Perinatal Research Vascular Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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Neugarten J, Golestaneh L, Kolhe NV. Sex differences in acute kidney injury requiring dialysis. BMC Nephrol 2018; 19:131. [PMID: 29884141 PMCID: PMC5994053 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-018-0937-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Female sex has been included as a risk factor in models developed to predict the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) associated with cardiac surgery, aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity and contrast-induced nephropathy. The commentary acompanying the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury concludes that female sex is a shared susceptibility factor for acute kidney injury based on observations that female sex is associated with the development of hospital-acquired acute kidney injury. In contrast, female sex is reno-protective in animal models. In this context, we sought to examine the role of sex in hospital-associated acute kidney injury in greater detail. Methods We utilized the Hospital Episode Statistics database to calculate the sex-stratified incidence of AKI requiring renal replacement therapy (AKI-D) among 194,157,726 hospital discharges reported for the years 1998–2013. In addition, we conducted a systematic review of the English literature to evaluate dialysis practices among men versus women with AKI. Results Hospitalized men were more likely to develop AKI-D than hospitalized women (OR 2.19 (2.15, 2.22) p < 0.0001). We found no evidence in the published literature that dialysis practices differ between men and women with AKI. Conclusions Based on a population of hospitalized patients which is more than 3 times larger than all previously published cohorts reporting sex-stratified AKI data combined, we conclude that male sex is associated with an increased incidence of hospital-associated AKI-D. Our study is among the first reports to highlight the protective role of female gender in AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Neugarten
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 111 E. 210 St, Bronx, NY, 10467, USA.
| | - Ladan Golestaneh
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 111 E. 210 St, Bronx, NY, 10467, USA
| | - Nitin V Kolhe
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Derby Hospital, Uttoxeter Road, Derby, DE22 3NE, UK
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Chen YF, Lee NH, Pai PY, Chung LC, Shen CY, Rajendran P, Chen YF, Chen RJ, Padma Viswanadha V, Kuo WW, Huang CY. Tanshinone-induced ERs suppresses IGFII activation to alleviate Ang II-mediated cardiac hypertrophy. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2017; 37:493-499. [DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2017.1360349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Fang Chen
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taichung Veteran’s General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Nien-Hung Lee
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ying Pai
- Division of Cardiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chin Chung
- Department of Hospital and Health Care Administration, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy & Science, Tainan County, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yao Shen
- Department of Nursing, MeiHo University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Peramaiyan Rajendran
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Feng Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Force Taichung General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ray-Jade Chen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Zhang L, Wu HW, Yuan W, Zheng JW. Estrogen-mediated hemangioma-derived stem cells through estrogen receptor-α for infantile hemangioma. Cancer Manag Res 2017; 9:279-286. [PMID: 28744158 PMCID: PMC5511019 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s138687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Infantile hemangiomas (IHs) are the most common benign vascular tumor of infancy. They occur more frequently in female infants. The cause of hemangioma is currently unknown; however, current studies suggested the importance of estrogen (E2) signaling in hemangioma proliferation. Methods Hemangioma-derived stem cells (HemSCs) were cultured with estrogen for 48–72 h; the cell viability and proliferation were evaluated with the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression levels of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and estrogen receptor-α (ER-α), by application of several in vitro assays, such as methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT), reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), real-time PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blotting. Also, the cell population’s response to external estrogen was investigated by in vivo experiments. HemSCs and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were mixed and injected subcutaneously into 20 flank of BALB/c-nu mice, which were randomly divided into 5 groups based on different E2 treatment doses (0, 0.01, 0.1 and 1 mg, respectively), 0.1 mg dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as control. Each group of mice were treated intramuscularly every week, then 2 and 4 weeks later, the subcutaneous implants were harvested and evaluated the tumor tissues with microvessel density (MVD) assay and immunohistochemistry. Results The study demonstrated that application of E2 increased the expression of FGF2, VEGF-A, and ER-α in HemSCs with the optimal concentration from 10−9 to 10−5 M. Two-week treatment of E2 promoted expression of VEGF-A and FGF2 in HemSCs culture. Morphological, histological and immunohistological improvements were observed in vivo using murine IH model in which HemSCs and HUVECs were implanted into BALB/c-nu mice that were post-injected with E2. In the grafts, mean MVD was markedly increased. Conclusion The results suggested that E2 promotes angiogenesis via combination with ER-α to up-regulate the expression of VEGF-A in HemSCs, promoting proliferation of IHs. These findings provide critical insight into the potential mechanisms of E2 action on IHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Center for Specialty Strategy Research of Shanghai Jiao Tong University China Hospital Development Institute
| | - Hai Wei Wu
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Center for Specialty Strategy Research of Shanghai Jiao Tong University China Hospital Development Institute
| | - Weien Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Wei Zheng
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Center for Specialty Strategy Research of Shanghai Jiao Tong University China Hospital Development Institute
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Dong X, Cai R, Sun J, Huang R, Wang P, Sun H, Tian S, Wang S. Diabetes as a risk factor for acute coronary syndrome in women compared with men: a meta-analysis, including 10 856 279 individuals and 106 703 acute coronary syndrome events. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2017; 33. [PMID: 28103417 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.2887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is a significant cause of death and disability worldwide and is a strong risk factor for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Whether diabetes confers the same excess risk of ACS in both sexes is unknown. Therefore, we undertook a meta-analysis to estimate the relative risk (RR) for ACS associated with diabetes in men and women. METHODS We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for both case-control and cohort studies published between January 1, 1966, and January 1, 2015. Studies were included if they reported sex-specific estimates of the RR, hazard ratio, or odds ratio for the association between diabetes and ACS. We pooled the sex-specific RR and the ratio between women and men using a random-effect model with inverse-variance weighting. RESULTS We included 9 case-control and 10 cohort studies with data for 10 856 279 individuals and at least 106 703 fatal and nonfatal ACS events. The pooled maximum-adjusted RR of ACS associated with diabetes was 2.46 (95% CI, 1.92-3.17) in women and 1.68 (95% CI, 1.39-2.04) in men. In patients with diabetes compared with those without diabetes, women had a significantly greater risk of ACS-the pooled women-to-men RR and the ratio of relative risks was 1.38 (95% CI, 1.25-1.52; P < .001), with no evidence of publication bias. CONCLUSIONS The excess risk of ACS associated with diabetes is significantly higher in women than in men. This finding may be explained by more adverse cardiovascular risk profiles and suggests that further work is needed to clarify the relevant biological, behavioural, and social mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Dong
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongrong Cai
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pin Wang
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haixia Sun
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sai Tian
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaohua Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Sex and gender differences in chronic kidney disease: progression to end-stage renal disease and haemodialysis. Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 130:1147-63. [PMID: 27252402 DOI: 10.1042/cs20160047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Sex and gender differences are of fundamental importance in most diseases, including chronic kidney disease (CKD). Men and women with CKD differ with regard to the underlying pathophysiology of the disease and its complications, present different symptoms and signs, respond differently to therapy and tolerate/cope with the disease differently. Yet an approach using gender in the prevention and treatment of CKD, implementation of clinical practice guidelines and in research has been largely neglected. The present review highlights some sex- and gender-specific evidence in the field of CKD, starting with a critical appraisal of the lack of inclusion of women in randomized clinical trials in nephrology, and thereafter revisits sex/gender differences in kidney pathophysiology, kidney disease progression, outcomes and management of haemodialysis care. In each case we critically consider whether apparent discrepancies are likely to be explained by biological or psycho-socioeconomic factors. In some cases (a few), these findings have resulted in the discovery of disease pathways and/or therapeutic opportunities for improvement. In most cases, they have been reported as merely anecdotal findings. The aim of the present review is to expose some of the stimulating hypotheses arising from these observations as a preamble for stricter approaches using gender for the prevention and treatment of CKD and its complications.
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Loh SY, Giribabu N, Salleh N. Effects of gonadectomy and testosterone treatment on aquaporin expression in the kidney of normotensive and hypertensive rats. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2017; 242:1376-1386. [PMID: 28399644 DOI: 10.1177/1535370217703360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that testosterone-induced increase in blood pressure was due to changes in aquaporin (AQP) expression in kidneys. In this study, expression level of kidney AQPs was investigated under testosterone influence. Adult normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) and hypertensive SHR male and female rats underwent gonadectomy. For female rats, testosterone was given for six weeks duration, two weeks following ovariectomy via subcutaneous silastic implant. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured in all the rats after eight weeks via carotid artery cannulation and the rats were then sacrificed and kidneys were harvested for analyses of AQP-1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7 mRNA and protein expressions by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Distribution of AQP subunits' protein in kidneys was observed by immunofluorescence. In male WKY rats, MAP, AQP-1, 2, 4, and 7 protein; and mRNA expression decreased however AQP-3 protein and mRNA expression increased following orchidectomy. The vice versa effects were observed in testosterone-treated ovariectomized female WKY rats. However, no changes in AQP-6 expression were observed. Meanwhile, in adult male SHR rats, MAP and expression level of all AQP subunits decreased following orchidectomy. The opposite effects were seen in ovariectomized female SHR rats following testosterone treatment. Immunofluorescence study showed AQP-1 and AQP-7 were distributed in the proximal convoluted tubules (PCT) while AQP-2, AQP-4, and AQP-6 were distributed in the collecting ducts (CDs). AQP-3 was distributed in the PCT and CD. In conclusion, changes in AQP subunit expression in kidneys could explain changes in blood pressure under testosterone influence. Impact statement This study provides fundamental understanding on the mechanisms underlying testosterone-induced increase in blood pressure which involve regulation of aquaporin channel subunits in the kidneys. A better understanding of this issue can help to explain the reason for higher blood pressure in males as compared to females and may explain the reason for higher blood pressure in females after menopause than females before menopause, the former most probably related to the changes in female androgen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Yi Loh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Nelli Giribabu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Naguib Salleh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
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Nakagawa N, Hasebe N. Impact of mild-to-moderate alcohol consumption and smoking on kidney function. Hypertens Res 2017; 40:809-810. [PMID: 28381872 DOI: 10.1038/hr.2017.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Nakagawa
- Division of Cardiology, Nephrology, Pulmonology and Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Hasebe
- Division of Cardiology, Nephrology, Pulmonology and Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
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Huang PC, Kuo WW, Shen CY, Chen YF, Lin YM, Ho TJ, Padma VV, Lo JF, Huang CY, Huang CY. Anthocyanin Attenuates Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiomyotoxicity via Estrogen Receptor-α/β and Stabilizes HSF1 to Inhibit the IGF-IIR Apoptotic Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1588. [PMID: 27657062 PMCID: PMC5037853 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17091588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Dox) is extensively used for chemotherapy in different types of cancer, but its use is limited to because of its cardiotoxicity. Our previous studies found that doxorubicin-induced insulin-like growth factor II receptor (IGF-IIR) accumulation causes cardiomyocytes apoptosis via down-regulation of HSF1 pathway. In these studies, we demonstrated a new mechanism through which anthocyanin protects cardiomyoblast cells against doxorubicin-induced injury. We found that anthocyanin decreased IGF-IIR expression via estrogen receptors and stabilized heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) to inhibit caspase 3 activation and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. Therefore, the phytoestrogen from plants has been considered as another potential treatment for heart failure. It has been reported that the natural compound anthocyanin (ACN) has the ability to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Here, we demonstrated that anthocyanin acts as a cardioprotective drug against doxorubicin-induced heart failure by attenuating cardiac apoptosis via estrogen receptors to stabilize HSF1 expression and down-regulated IGF-IIR-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chen Huang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Yao Shen
- Department of Nursing, Mei Ho University, Pingguang Road, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Feng Chen
- Section of Cardiology, Yuan Rung Hospital, Yuanlin 51045, Taiwan.
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan.
- Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli 35664, Taiwan.
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Chinese Medicine Department, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - V Vijaya Padma
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India.
| | - Jeng-Fan Lo
- Institute of Oral Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Translation Research Core, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
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Argeri R, Nishi EE, Volpini RA, Palma BD, Tufik S, Gomes GN. Sleep restriction during pregnancy and its effects on blood pressure and renal function among female offspring. Physiol Rep 2016; 4:4/16/e12888. [PMID: 27796270 PMCID: PMC5002907 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of sleep restriction (SR) during pregnancy on blood pressure and renal function among female adult offspring was investigated. Pregnant Wistar rats were distributed into control and SR groups. The SR was performed between the 14th and 20th days of pregnancy (multiple platforms method for 20 h/day). At 2 months of age, half of the offspring from both groups were subjected to an ovariectomy (ovx), and the other half underwent sham surgery. The groups were as follows: control sham (Csham), control ovx (Covx), SR sham (SRsham), and SR ovx (SRovx). Renal function markers and systolic blood pressure (BPi, indirect method) were evaluated at 4, 6, and 8 months. Subsequently, the rats were euthanized, kidneys were removed, and processed for morphological analyses of glomerular area (GA), number of glomeruli per mm3 (NG), and kidney mass (KM). Increased BPi was observed in the Covx, SRsham, and SRovx groups compared to Csham at all ages. Increased plasma creatinine concentration and decreased creatinine clearance were observed in the SRsham and SRovx groups compared to the Csham and Covx groups. The SRovx group showed higher BPi and reduced creatinine clearance compared to all other groups. The SRovx group showed reduced values of GA and KM, as well as increased NG, macrophage infiltration, collagen deposit, and ACE1 expression at the renal cortex. Therefore, SR during pregnancy might be an additional risk factor for developing renal dysfunction and increasing BP in female adult offspring. The absence of female hormones exacerbates the changes caused by SR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogério Argeri
- Department of Physiology, Escola Paulista de Medicina - UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Erika E Nishi
- Department of Physiology, Escola Paulista de Medicina - UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rildo A Volpini
- Department of Psychobiology, Escola Paulista de Medicina - UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz D Palma
- Basic Research Laboratory - LIM12, Nephrology - Faculty of Medicine, USP, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Centro Universitário São Camilo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sergio Tufik
- Basic Research Laboratory - LIM12, Nephrology - Faculty of Medicine, USP, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guiomar N Gomes
- Department of Physiology, Escola Paulista de Medicina - UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
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Seppi T, Prajczer S, Dörler MM, Eiter O, Hekl D, Nevinny-Stickel M, Skvortsova I, Gstraunthaler G, Lukas P, Lechner J. Sex Differences in Renal Proximal Tubular Cell Homeostasis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2016; 27:3051-3062. [PMID: 27127188 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2015080886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies in human patients and animals have revealed sex-specific differences in susceptibility to renal diseases. Because actions of female sex hormones on normal renal tissue might protect against damage, we searched for potential influences of the female hormone cycle on basic renal functions by studying excretion of urinary marker proteins in healthy human probands. We collected second morning spot urine samples of unmedicated naturally ovulating women, postmenopausal women, and men daily and determined urinary excretion of the renal tubular enzymes fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and glutathione-S-transferase-α Additionally, we quantified urinary excretion of blood plasma proteins α1-microglobulin, albumin, and IgG. Naturally cycling women showed prominent peaks in the temporal pattern of urinary fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and glutathione-S-transferase-α release exclusively within 7 days after ovulation or onset of menses. In contrast, postmenopausal women and men showed consistently low levels of urinary fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase excretion over comparable periods. We did not detect changes in urinary α1-microglobulin, albumin, or IgG excretion. Results of this study indicate that proximal tubular tissue architecture, representing a nonreproductive organ-derived epithelium, undergoes periodical adaptations phased by the female reproductive hormone cycle. The temporally delimited higher rate of enzymuria in ovulating women might be a sign of recurring increases of tubular cell turnover that potentially provide enhanced repair capacity and thus, higher resistance to renal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Seppi
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology and
| | - Sinikka Prajczer
- Division of Physiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Oliver Eiter
- Division of Physiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Daniel Hekl
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology and
| | | | | | | | - Peter Lukas
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology and
| | - Judith Lechner
- Division of Physiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Role of the endothelin system in sexual dimorphism in cardiovascular and renal diseases. Life Sci 2016; 159:20-29. [PMID: 26939577 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.02.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies of blood pressure in men and women and in experimental animal models point to substantial sex differences in the occurrence of arterial hypertension as well as in the various manifestations of arterial hypertension, including myocardial infarction, stroke, retinopathy, chronic kidney failure, as well as hypertension-associated diseases (e.g. diabetes mellitus). Increasing evidence demonstrates that the endothelin (ET) system is a major player in the genesis of sex differences in cardiovascular and renal physiology and diseases. Sex differences in the ET system have been described in the vasculature, heart and kidney of humans and experimental animals. In the current review, we briefly describe the role of the ET system in the cardiovascular and renal systems. We also update information on sex differences at different levels of the ET system including synthesis, circulating and tissue levels, receptors, signaling pathways, ET actions, and responses to antagonists in different organs that contribute to blood pressure regulation. Knowledge of the mechanisms underlying sex differences in arterial hypertension can impact therapeutic strategies. Sex-targeted and/or sex-tailored approaches may improve treatment of cardiovascular and renal diseases.
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Androgen Modulates Functions of Endothelial Progenitor Cells through Activated Egr1 Signaling. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2016:7057894. [PMID: 26697079 PMCID: PMC4677258 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7057894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Researches show that androgens have important effects on migration of endothelial cells and endothelial protection in coronary heart disease. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) as a progenitor cell type that can differentiate into endothelial cells, have a critical role in angiogenesis and endothelial protection. The relationship between androgen and the functions of EPCs has animated much interest and controversy. In this study, we investigated the angiogenic and migratory functions of EPCs after treatment by dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and the molecular mechanisms as well. We found that DHT treatment enhanced the incorporation of EPCs into tubular structures formed by HUVECs and the migratory activity of EPCs in the transwell assay dose dependently. Moreover, microarray analysis was performed to explore how DHT changes the gene expression profiles of EPCs. We found 346 differentially expressed genes in androgen-treated EPCs. Angiogenesis-related genes like Egr-1, Vcan, Efnb2, and Cdk2ap1 were identified to be regulated upon DHT treatment. Furthermore, the enhanced angiogenic and migratory abilities of EPCs after DHT treatment were inhibited by Egr1-siRNA transfection. In conclusion, our findings suggest that DHT markedly enhances the vessel forming ability and migration capacity of EPCs. Egr1 signaling may be a possible pathway in this process.
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Vutthasathien P, Wattanapermpool J. Regular exercise improves cardiac contractile activation by modulating MHC isoforms and SERCA activity in orchidectomized rats. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2015; 119:831-9. [PMID: 26272317 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00224.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Data from the trial known as Testosterone in Older Men with Mobility Limitations (TOM) has indicated an association between testosterone administration and a greater risk for adverse cardiovascular events. We therefore propose that regular exercise is a cardioprotective alternative that prevents detrimental changes in contractile activation when a deficiency in male sex hormones exists. Ten-week-old orchidectomized (ORX) rats were subjected to a 9-wk treadmill running program at moderate intensity starting 1 wk after surgery. Although exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy was observed both in rats that underwent ORX and sham surgery, regular exercise enhanced cardiac myofilament Ca(2+) sensitivity and myosin light-chain 2 phosphorylation only in rats that underwent a sham operation. Although the rats that had sham surgery and and given exercise exhibited no change in maximum developed tension, regular running prevented the suppression of maximum active tension in the hearts of ORX rats. Regular exercise also prevented a shift in myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms toward β-MHC, a reduction in sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA) activity, and an increase in SERCA sensitivity in the hearts of ORX rats. Neither SERCA content nor its modulating component, phospholamban (PLB), was altered by exercise in either sham-operated or ORX rats. However, decreases in the phosphorylated Thr(17) form of PLB and the phosphorylated Thr(287) form of Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent kinase II in the hearts of ORX rats were abolished after regular exercise. These results thus support the use of regular running as a cardioprotective alternative to testosterone replacement in hypogonadal conditions.
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