1
|
Gündüz D, Çetin H, Dönmez AÇ. Investigation of the effects of swimming exercises in rats given acrylamide. Morphologie 2023; 107:228-237. [PMID: 36481219 DOI: 10.1016/j.morpho.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acrylamide is a toxic substance used in industrial and laboratory processes. Acrylamide exposure has a toxic effect on many systems. Protective mechanisms should be developed against the effects caused by acrylamide. OBJECTIVE In our study, we investigated whether exercise has a protective effect against the changes that acrylamide will cause in pancreas. METHODS 32 adult Sprague-Dawley male rats were used. Control group was given only saline. Exercise group was applied swimming exercise for 1hour daily for 4 weeks. Acrylamide group was given 50mg/kg acrylamide by gavage for 4 weeks. Acrylamide+exercise group was applied 50mg/kg acrylamide for 4 weeks and swimming exercise for 1hour daily. After the experiment, fasting blood glucose and oral glucose tolerance test measurements were performed. Then, blood and pancreas samples were taken. RESULTS Acrylamide exposure caused an increase in fasting blood glucose and oral glucose tolerance, a decrease in insulin levels and oxidative stress in acrylamide group. In exercise group, these values were similar to control group and no significant change was observed in acrylamide+exercise group. While there was an increase in the number of alpha cells in acrylamide group compared to the other groups, here was a decrease in the number of beta cells compared to control group. CONCLUSION We can say that acrylamide causes changes in the islets of Langerhans by affecting alpha and beta cell numbers. The protective effect of exercise on beta and alpha cell mass was not statistically significant in the acrylamide+exercise group. When the results were examined, the decrease in oxidative stress and the higher number of beta and alpha cells in the acrylamide+exercise group compared to the acrylamide group suggested that 4 weeks of swimming exercise may have an effect on acrylamide exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Gündüz
- Malatya Turgut Ozal University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, 44210 Malatya, Turkey.
| | - H Çetin
- Pamukkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Denizli, Turkey.
| | - A Ç Dönmez
- Pamukkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Denizli, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hall LG, Thyfault JP, Johnson JD. Exercise and inactivity as modifiers of β cell function and type 2 diabetes risk. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2023; 134:823-839. [PMID: 36759159 PMCID: PMC10042613 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00472.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise and regular physical activity are beneficial for the prevention and management of metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes, whereas exercise cessation, defined as deconditioning from regular exercise or physical activity that has lasted for a period of months to years, can lead to metabolic derangements that drive disease. Adaptations to the insulin-secreting pancreatic β-cells are an important benefit of exercise, whereas less is known about how exercise cessation affects these cells. Our aim is to review the impact that exercise and exercise cessation have on β-cell function, with a focus on the evidence from studies examining glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) using gold-standard techniques. Potential mechanisms by which the β-cell adapts to exercise, including exerkine and incretin signaling, autonomic nervous system signaling, and changes in insulin clearance, will also be explored. We will highlight areas for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liam G Hall
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John P Thyfault
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
- KU Diabetes Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
| | - James D Johnson
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang S, Wei Y, Wang C. Impacts of an Exercise Intervention on the Health of Pancreatic Beta-Cells: A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127229. [PMID: 35742478 PMCID: PMC9223540 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing consensus that exercise is a medicine and that regular exercise can effectively improve and prevent metabolic diseases such as diabetes. Islet cells are the endocrine of the pancreas and vital to the development of diabetes. Decades of developmental research in exercise intervention and the health of islet cells confirmed that exercise exerts beneficial effects on the function, proliferation, and survival rate of islet cells. However, the precise exercise reference scheme is still elusive. To accomplish this goal, we searched and analyzed relevant articles, and concluded the precise exercise prescription treatments for various species such as humans, rats, and mice. Each exercise protocol is shown in the tables below. These exercise protocols form a rich pipeline of therapeutic development for exercise on the health of islet cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhang
- Department of Sports Science, University of Harbin Sport, Harbin 150008, China; (S.Z.); (Y.W.)
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Shanghai Sport, Shanghai 200238, China
| | - Yaru Wei
- Department of Sports Science, University of Harbin Sport, Harbin 150008, China; (S.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Chunxiao Wang
- Department of Sports Science, University of Harbin Sport, Harbin 150008, China; (S.Z.); (Y.W.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Veras K, Lucena CF, Goedcke J, Evangelista FS, Carpinelli A, Carvalho CRDO. Moderate Exercise Training Combined With a High-Fat and Sucrose Diet Protects Pancreatic Islet Function in Male C57BL/6J Mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:881236. [PMID: 35669687 PMCID: PMC9165053 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.881236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is mainly caused by excess energy intake and physical inactivity, and the number of overweight/obese individuals has been steadily increasing for decades. Previous studies showed that rodents fed westernized diets exhibit endocrine pancreas deterioration and a range of metabolic disorders. This study evaluated the effects of moderated aerobic treadmill exercise training on pancreatic islet cell viability and function in mice consuming a high-fat and sucrose diet. In the present study, 60-day-old male C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups: control (C), fed a standard diet AIN-93M (3.83 kcal/g; 70% carbohydrate (cornstarch and dextrinized starch were chosen as the major source of carbohydrate for the AIN-93 diet. In addition, a small amount of sucrose), 20% protein (casein), and 10% fat (soybean) with no training (i.e., sedentary); C + training (CTR, fed the standard diet with eight weeks of exercise; high-fat diet + sucrose (HFDS), fed a high fat and sucrose diet (5.2 kcal/g; 20% carbohydrate (cornstarch and dextrinized starch were chosen as the major source of carbohydrate), 20% protein (casein), 60% fat (Lard was chosen as the major source of fat and a small amount of soybean) + 20% sucrose diluted in drinking water with no training; and HFDS + training (HFDSTR). After eight weeks, the HFDS mice displayed increased body weight (P<0.001) and epididymal, inguinal and retroperitoneal adipose tissue mass (P<0.01). These mice also presented insulin resistance (P<0.01), glucose intolerance (P<0.001), impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) and were less responsive to the physiological net ROS production induced by glucose stimulus. The HFDS group's pancreatic islet cells were 38% less viable and 59% more apoptotic than those from the C group (P<0.05). The HFDSTR improved glucose tolerance, body mass, insulin sensitivity and GSIS (P<0.05). Furthermore, HFDSTR mice had 53% more viable isolated pancreatic islets cells and 29% fewer apoptotic cells than the HFDS group (P<0.01). Thus, exercise training may slow down and/or prevent adverse metabolic effects associated with consuming a westernized diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Veras
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Ferraz Lucena
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julia Goedcke
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Angelo Carpinelli
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Interactions between insulin and exercise. Biochem J 2021; 478:3827-3846. [PMID: 34751700 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between insulin and exercise is an example of balancing and modifying the effects of two opposing metabolic regulatory forces under varying conditions. While insulin is secreted after food intake and is the primary hormone increasing glucose storage as glycogen and fatty acid storage as triglycerides, exercise is a condition where fuel stores need to be mobilized and oxidized. Thus, during physical activity the fuel storage effects of insulin need to be suppressed. This is done primarily by inhibiting insulin secretion during exercise as well as activating local and systemic fuel mobilizing processes. In contrast, following exercise there is a need for refilling the fuel depots mobilized during exercise, particularly the glycogen stores in muscle. This process is facilitated by an increase in insulin sensitivity of the muscles previously engaged in physical activity which directs glucose to glycogen resynthesis. In physically trained individuals, insulin sensitivity is also higher than in untrained individuals due to adaptations in the vasculature, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. In this paper, we review the interactions between insulin and exercise during and after exercise, as well as the effects of regular exercise training on insulin action.
Collapse
|
6
|
Curran M, Drayson MT, Andrews RC, Zoppi C, Barlow JP, Solomon TPJ, Narendran P. The benefits of physical exercise for the health of the pancreatic β-cell: a review of the evidence. Exp Physiol 2020; 105:579-589. [PMID: 32012372 DOI: 10.1113/ep088220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the topic of this review? This review discusses the evidence of the benefits of exercise training for β-cell health through improvements in function, proliferation and survival which may have implications in the treatment of diabetes. What advances does it highlight? This review highlights how exercise may modulate β-cell health in the context of diabetes and highlights the need for further exploration of whether β-cell preserving effects of exercise translates to T1D. ABSTRACT Physical exercise is a core therapy for type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Whilst the benefits of exercise for different physiological systems are recognised, the effect of exercise specifically on the pancreatic β-cell is not well described. Here we review the effects of physical exercise on β-cell health. We show that exercise improves β-cell mass and function. The improved function manifests primarily through the increased insulin content of the β-cell and its increased ability to secrete insulin in response to a glucose stimulus. We review the evidence relating to glucose sensing, insulin signalling, β-cell proliferation and β-cell apoptosis in humans and animal models with acute exercise and following exercise training programmes. Some of the mechanisms through which these benefits manifest are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Curran
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Functional and Mechanistic Safety, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mark T Drayson
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Claudio Zoppi
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jonathan P Barlow
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Thomas P J Solomon
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Parth Narendran
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Department of Diabetes, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Camaforte NADP, Saldanha LL, Vareda PMP, Rezende-Neto JM, Senger MR, Delgado AQ, Morgan HJN, Violato NM, Pieroni LG, Dokkedal AL, Silva-Júnior FP, Bosqueiro JR. Hypoglycaemic activity of Bauhinia holophylla through GSK3-β inhibition and glycogenesis activation. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2019; 57:269-279. [PMID: 31007116 PMCID: PMC6493280 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2019.1599962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Bauhinia L. species, including Bauhinia holophylla (Bong.) Steud. (Fabaceae), have traditionally been used to treat diabetes. Bauhinia is a complex botanical genus, and the indiscriminate use of the diverse Bauhinia species is reflected in the experimental divergence of their medicinal potential. OBJECTIVE The hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic effects, molecular mechanism of action and phytochemical properties of an authentic extract of B. holophylla leaves were evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS A phytochemical study of a 70% EtOH extract was performed using FIA-ESI-IT-MS/MSn and HPLC-PAD-ESI-IT-MS. The extract (200 or 400 mg/kg b.w.) was administered for 14 days to streptozotocin-induced diabetic Swiss mice. Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, blood parameters, gene and protein expression, and the in vivo and in vitro inhibition of intestinal glucosidases were assessed. RESULTS HPLC-PAD-ESI-IT-MS analysis identified flavonoid derivatives of quercetin, myricetin, luteolin and kaempferol. Treatment with 400 mg/kg of the extract reduced blood glucose (269.0 ± 32.4 mg/dL vs. 468.0 ± 32.2 mg/dL for diabetic animals), improved glucose tolerance, decreased cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and increased the mRNA expression of proteins involved in glucogenesis in the liver and muscle, such as PI3-K/Akt, GS, GSK3-β (ser-9), AMPK and Glut4. The activity of intestinal maltase was inhibited in vitro (IC50: 43.0 µg/mL for the extract compared to 516.4 µg/mL for acarbose) and in vivo. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Treatment with B. holophylla was associated with a marked hypoglycaemic effect through the stimulation of glycogenesis and inhibition of gluconeogenesis and intestinal glucose absorption, without increasing basal insulinaemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - João M. Rezende-Neto
- Laboratory of Experimental and Computational Biochemistry of Drugs, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mario R. Senger
- Laboratory of Experimental and Computational Biochemistry of Drugs, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Aislan Q. Delgado
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Henrique J. N. Morgan
- Department of Biological Sciences, São Paulo State University, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Laís Goyos Pieroni
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anne Lígia Dokkedal
- Department of Biological Sciences, São Paulo State University, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Floriano P. Silva-Júnior
- Laboratory of Experimental and Computational Biochemistry of Drugs, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li Q, Jia S, Xu L, Li B, Chen N. Metformin-induced autophagy and irisin improves INS-1 cell function and survival in high-glucose environment via AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signal pathway. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:1695-1703. [PMID: 31139382 PMCID: PMC6526663 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to explore the protective function of metformin on pancreatic β cells to alleviate insulin resistance and underlying mechanisms, INS-1 cells were cultured into normal control (N), high glucose (H), high glucose and metformin (H + Met), high glucose and chloroquine (H + CQ), and high glucose and Ex527 (H + Ex527) groups, respectively. Upon 24-hr cultivation, the proliferation and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) of INS-1 cells were determined, and the expression of irisin and other proteins associated with AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signal pathway, autophagy, and apoptosis was evaluated. Compared with the N group, the cells from the H group revealed lower proliferation, GSIS, and expression of irisin and proteins associated with AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signal pathway and autophagy, but higher expression of proteins associated with apoptosis; in contrast, metformin could significantly rescue lower cell proliferation, GSIS, and expression of proteins associated with AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signal pathway and autophagy, as well as irisin, and suppress apoptosis in high-glucose environment. Meanwhile, autophagy inhibitor CQ and SIRT1 inhibitor Ex527 can block above functions of metformin. Therefore, metformin can promote INS-1 cell proliferation, enhance GSIS, and suppress apoptosis by activating AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signal pathway, up-regulating irisin expression, and inducing autophagy in INS-1 cells in high-glucose environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingxue Li
- Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Sport Training and Monitoring, College of Health ScienceWuhan Sports UniversityWuhanChina
- School of Sports and HealthLinyi UniversityLinyiChina
| | - Shaohui Jia
- Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Sport Training and Monitoring, College of Health ScienceWuhan Sports UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Lei Xu
- Graduate SchoolWuhan Sports UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Biao Li
- Graduate SchoolWuhan Sports UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Ning Chen
- Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Sport Training and Monitoring, College of Health ScienceWuhan Sports UniversityWuhanChina
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Moreira VM, da Silva Franco CC, Prates KV, Gomes RM, de Moraes AMP, Ribeiro TA, Martins IP, Previate C, Pavanello A, Matiusso CCI, Almeida DL, Francisco FA, Malta A, Tófolo LP, da Silva Silveira S, Saavedra LPJ, Machado K, da Silva PHO, Fabrício GS, Palma-Rigo K, de Souza HM, de Fátima Silva F, Biazi GR, Pereira TS, Vieira E, Miranda RA, de Oliveira JC, da Costa Lima LD, Rinaldi W, Ravanelli MI, de Freitas Mathias PC. Aerobic Exercise Training Attenuates Tumor Growth and Reduces Insulin Secretion in Walker 256 Tumor-Bearing Rats. Front Physiol 2018; 9:465. [PMID: 29867528 PMCID: PMC5953341 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerobic exercise training can improve insulin sensitivity in many tissues; however, the relationship among exercise, insulin, and cancer cell growth is unclear. We tested the hypothesis that aerobic exercise training begun during adolescence can attenuate Walker 256 tumor growth in adult rats and alter insulin secretion. Thirty-day-old male Wistar rats engaged in treadmill running for 8 weeks, 3 days/week, 44 min/day, at 55-65% VO2max until they were 90 days old (TC, Trained Control). An equivalently aged group was kept inactive during the same period (SC, Sedentary Control). Then, half the animals of the SC and TC groups were reserved as the control condition and the other half were inoculated with Walker 256 cancer cells, yielding two additional groups (Sedentary Walker and Trained Walker). Zero mortalities were observed in tumor-bearing rats. Body weight (BW), food intake, plasma glucose, insulin levels, and peripheral insulin sensitivity were analyzed before and after tumor cell inoculation. We also evaluated tumor growth, metastasis and cachexia. Isolated pancreatic islets secretory activity was analyzed. In addition, we evaluated mechanic sensibility. Our results showed improved physical performance according to the final workload and VO2max and reduced BW in trained rats at the end of the running protocol. Chronic adaptation to the aerobic exercise training decreased tumor weight, cachexia and metastasis and were associated with low glucose and insulin levels and high insulin sensitivity before and after tumor cell inoculation. Aerobic exercise started at young age also reduced pancreatic islet insulin content and insulin secretion in response to a glucose stimulus, without impairing islet morphology in trained rats. Walker 256 tumor-bearing sedentary rats also presented reduced pancreatic islet insulin content, without changing insulin secretion through isolated pancreatic islets. The mechanical sensitivity test indicated that aerobic exercise training did not cause injury or trigger inflammatory processes prior to tumor cell inoculation. Taken together, the current study suggests that aerobic exercise training applied during adolescence may mitigate tumor growth and related disorders in Walker 256 tumor-bearing adult rats. Improved insulin sensibility, lower glucose and insulin levels and/or reduced insulin secretion stimulated by glucose may be implicated in this tumor attenuation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veridiana Mota Moreira
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, Ingá University Center, UNINGÁ, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | - Kelly Valério Prates
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Mello Gomes
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Praxedes de Moraes
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Aparecida Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Isabela Peixoto Martins
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Carina Previate
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Audrei Pavanello
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Camila Cristina Ianoni Matiusso
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Douglas Lopes Almeida
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Flávio Andrade Francisco
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Ananda Malta
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Laize Peron Tófolo
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Cacoal, Cacoal, Brazil
| | - Sandra da Silva Silveira
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Lucas Paulo Jacinto Saavedra
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Katia Machado
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Olivieri da Silva
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Gabriel S. Fabrício
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Kesia Palma-Rigo
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Taís Susane Pereira
- Laboratory of Microorganisms Genetics and Mutagenesis, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Elaine Vieira
- Post-Graduate Program of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília, Águas Claras, Brazil
| | - Rosiane Aparecida Miranda
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Roberto Alcântara Gomes Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Delmar da Costa Lima
- Superior School of Physical Education and Physical Therapy of Goiás State, State University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Wilson Rinaldi
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Cezar de Freitas Mathias
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Paula FMM, Leite NC, Borck PC, Freitas-Dias R, Cnop M, Chacon-Mikahil MPT, Cavaglieri CR, Marchetti P, Boschero AC, Zoppi CC, Eizirik DL. Exercise training protects human and rodent β cells against endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis. FASEB J 2018; 32:1524-1536. [PMID: 29133342 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700710r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Prolonged exercise has positive metabolic effects in obese or diabetic individuals. These effects are usually ascribed to improvements in insulin sensitivity. We evaluated whether exercise also generates circulating signals that protect human and rodent β cells against endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis. For this purpose, we obtained serum from humans or mice before and after an 8 wk training period. Exposure of human islets or mouse or rat β cells to human or rodent sera, respectively, obtained from trained individuals reduced cytokine (IL-1β+IFN-γ)- or chemical ER stressor-induced β-cell ER stress and apoptosis, at least in part via activation of the transcription factor STAT3. These findings indicate that exercise training improves human and rodent β-cell survival under diabetogenic conditions and support lifestyle interventions as a protective approach for both type 1 and 2 diabetes.-Paula, F. M. M., Leite, N. C., Borck, P. C., Freitas-Dias, R., Cnop, M., Chacon-Mikahil, M. P. T., Cavaglieri, C. R., Marchetti, P., Boschero, A. C., Zoppi, C. C., Eizirik, D. L. Exercise training protects human and rodent β cells against endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flavia M M Paula
- Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nayara C Leite
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Patricia C Borck
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Freitas-Dias
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.,Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pernambuco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Miriam Cnop
- Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.,Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mara P T Chacon-Mikahil
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory (FISEX), Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil; and
| | - Claudia R Cavaglieri
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory (FISEX), Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil; and
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonio C Boschero
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Claudio C Zoppi
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Decio L Eizirik
- Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
De Moraes WMAM, de Souza PRM, da Paixão NA, de Sousa LGO, Ribeiro DA, Marshall AG, Prestes J, Irigoyen MC, Brum PC, Medeiros A. Aerobic exercise training rescues protein quality control disruption on white skeletal muscle induced by chronic kidney disease in rats. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 22:1452-1463. [PMID: 29265674 PMCID: PMC5824409 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We tested whether aerobic exercise training (AET) would modulate the skeletal muscle protein quality control (PQC) in a model of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in rats. Adult Wistar rats were evaluated in four groups: control (CS) or trained (CE), and 5/6 nephrectomy sedentary (5/6NxS) or trained (5/6NxE). Exercised rats were submitted to treadmill exercise (60 min., five times/wk for 2 months). We evaluated motor performance (tolerance to exercise on the treadmill and rotarod), cross-sectional area (CSA), gene and protein levels related to the unfolded protein response (UPR), protein synthesis/survive and apoptosis signalling, accumulated misfolded proteins, chymotrypsin-like proteasome activity (UPS activity), redox balance and heat-shock protein (HSP) levels in the tibialis anterior. 5/6NxS presented a trend towards to atrophy, with a reduction in motor performance, down-regulation of protein synthesis and up-regulation of apoptosis signalling; increases in UPS activity, misfolded proteins, GRP78, derlin, HSP27 and HSP70 protein levels, ATF4 and GRP78 genes; and increase in oxidative damage compared to CS group. In 5/6NxE, we observed a restoration in exercise tolerance, accumulated misfolded proteins, UPS activity, protein synthesis/apoptosis signalling, derlin, HSPs protein levels as well as increase in ATF4, GRP78 genes and ATF6α protein levels accompanied by a decrease in oxidative damage and increased catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities. The results suggest a disruption of PQC in white muscle fibres of CKD rats previous to the atrophy. AET can rescue this disruption for the UPR, prevent accumulated misfolded proteins and reduce oxidative damage, HSPs protein levels and exercise tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Max Almeida Monteiro De Moraes
- Biosciences Department, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Santos, Brazil.,Post-Graduation Program on Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia (UCB), Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Andrea G Marshall
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jonato Prestes
- Post-Graduation Program on Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia (UCB), Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Maria Claudia Irigoyen
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patricia Chakur Brum
- Department of Post-graduation in Medicine, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Piao SJ, Kim SH, Suh YJ, Hong SB, Ahn SH, Seo DH, Park IS, Nam M. Beneficial Effects of Aerobic Exercise Training Combined with Rosiglitazone on Glucose Metabolism in Otsuka Long Evans Tokushima Fatty Rats. Diabetes Metab J 2017; 41:474-485. [PMID: 29199408 PMCID: PMC5741557 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2017.41.6.474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regular aerobic exercise is essential for the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus and may be particularly beneficial for those treated with thiazolidinediones, since it may prevent associated weight gain. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of combined exercise and rosiglitazone treatment on body composition and glucose metabolism in obese diabetes-prone animals. METHODS We analyzed metabolic parameters, body composition, and islet profiles in Otsuka Long Evans Tokushima Fatty rats after 28 weeks of aerobic exercise, rosiglitazone treatment, and combined exercise and rosiglitazone treatment. RESULTS Combined exercise with rosiglitazone showed significantly less increase in weight and epididymal fat compared to rosiglitazone treatment. Aerobic exercise alone and combined rosiglitazone and exercise treatment led to similar retention of lean body mass. All experimental groups showed a decrease in fasting glucose. However, the combined exercise and rosiglitazone therapy group showed prominent improvement in glucose tolerance compared to the other groups. Rescue of islet destruction was observed in all experimental groups, but was most prominent in the combined therapy group. CONCLUSION Regular aerobic exercise combined with rosiglitazone treatment can compensate for the adverse effect of rosiglitazone treatment and has benefit for islet preservation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Ji Piao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
- Qingdao Endocrine and Diabetes Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - So Hun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Young Ju Suh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seong Bin Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seong Hee Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Da Hae Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - In Sun Park
- Department of Anatomy, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
| | - Moonsuk Nam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jiménez-Maldonado A, Virgen-Ortiz A, Melnikov V, Rodríguez-Hernández A, Gamboa-Domínguez A, Montero S, Muñiz-Murguía J, Lemus M, Roces de Álvarez-Buylla E. Effect of moderate and high intensity chronic exercise on the pancreatic islet morphometry in healthy rats: BDNF receptor participation. Islets 2017; 9:1-10. [PMID: 27922332 PMCID: PMC5270655 DOI: 10.1080/19382014.2016.1260796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The function and morphology of β-cells is largely dependent on insulin demand. As β-cells cover a bigger cell proportion in pancreas islets, changes of insulin producer cells affect the whole pancreatic islet morphology. Growth factors as the neurotrophins regulate the pancreas physiology, besides; physical exercise increases insulin sensitivity, and further modifies brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentration in plasma. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of chronic exercise (running in a treadmill for 8 weeks) intensity on pancreatic islet morphometry in healthy state. The BDNF receptor effect on the pancreatic islet morphometry was also evaluated. Adult male Wistar rats were divided in 6 groups: Control (C); moderate intensity training (MIT); high intensity training (HIT) did not treat with BDNF receptor inhibitor (K252a), and C, MIT and HIT treated with K252a. The results shown that chronic exercise induces β-cells hypertrophy without BDNF receptor participation. On the other hand, the moderate exercise increases the number of β cells per islet; the last effect does not require TrkB participation. In sedentary conditions, the K252a treatment reduced the β-cell density. Exercise intensity has differential effects on pancreas islet morphometry in healthy model; furthermore, BDNF receptor plays a role to maintain the amount of β-cells in sedentary state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Adolfo Virgen-Ortiz
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima, México
| | | | | | | | - Sergio Montero
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima, México
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Colima, Colima, México
| | - Jesús Muñiz-Murguía
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima, México
| | - Mónica Lemus
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima, México
| | - Elena Roces de Álvarez-Buylla
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima, México
- CONTACT Elena Roces de Álvarez-Buylla Jefe del Laboratorio de Neuroendocrinología, CUIB, Ave. 25 de Julio 965, Colima, Col. 298045 México
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Assis L, Yamashita F, Magri AMP, Fernandes KR, Yamauchi L, Renno ACM. Effect of low-level laser therapy (808 nm) on skeletal muscle after endurance exercise training in rats. Braz J Phys Ther 2015; 19:457-65. [PMID: 26647747 PMCID: PMC4668339 DOI: 10.1590/bjpt-rbf.2014.0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been demonstrated to be effective in
optimizing skeletal muscle performance in animal experiments and in clinical
trials. However, little is known about the effects of LLLT on muscle recovery
after endurance training. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) applied after
an endurance training protocol on biochemical markers and morphology of skeletal
muscle in rats. METHOD: Wistar rats were divided into control group (CG), trained group (TG), and trained
and laser irradiated group (TLG). The endurance training was performed on a
treadmill, 1 h/day, 5 days/wk, for 8 wk at 60% of the maximal speed reached during
the maximal effort test (Tmax) and laser irradiation was applied after training.
RESULTS: Both trained groups showed significant increase in speed compared to the CG. The
TLG demonstrated a significantly reduced lactate level, increased tibialis
anterior (TA) fiber cross-section area, and decreased TA fiber density. Myogenin
expression was higher in soleus and TA muscles in both trained groups. In
addition, LLLT produced myogenin downregulation in the TA muscle of trained
animals. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that LLLT could be an effective therapeutic approach for
stimulating recovery during an endurance exercise protocol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Livia Assis
- Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Yamashita
- Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Angela M P Magri
- Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Kelly R Fernandes
- Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Liria Yamauchi
- Departamento de Ciências do Movimento Humano, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana C M Renno
- Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Paula FMM, Leite NC, Vanzela EC, Kurauti MA, Freitas-Dias R, Carneiro EM, Boschero AC, Zoppi CC. Exercise increases pancreatic β-cell viability in a model of type 1 diabetes through IL-6 signaling. FASEB J 2015; 29:1805-16. [PMID: 25609426 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-264820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is provoked by an autoimmune assault against pancreatic β cells. Exercise training enhances β-cell mass in T1D. Here, we investigated how exercise signals β cells in T1D condition. For this, we used several approaches. Wild-type and IL-6 knockout (KO) C57BL/6 mice were exercised. Afterward, islets from control and trained mice were exposed to inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β plus IFN-γ). Islets from control mice and β-cell lines (INS-1E and MIN6) were incubated with serum from control or trained mice or medium obtained from 5-aminoimidazole-4 carboxamide1-β-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR)-treated C2C12 skeletal muscle cells. Subsequently, islets and β cells were exposed to IL-1β plus IFN-γ. Proteins were assessed by immunoblotting, apoptosis was determined by DNA-binding dye propidium iodide fluorescence, and NO(•) was estimated by nitrite. Exercise reduced 25, 75, and 50% of the IL-1β plus IFN-γ-induced iNOS, nitrite, and cleaved caspase-3 content, respectively, in pancreatic islets. Serum from trained mice and medium from AICAR-treated C2C12 cells reduced β-cell death, induced by IL-1β plus IFN-γ treatment, in 15 and 38%, respectively. This effect was lost in samples treated with IL-6 inhibitor or with serum from exercised IL-6 KO mice. In conclusion, muscle contraction signals β-cell survival in T1D through IL-6.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flavia M M Paula
- *Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil; and Department of Physical Therapy, Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Genetics, University of Pernambuco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Nayara C Leite
- *Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil; and Department of Physical Therapy, Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Genetics, University of Pernambuco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Emerielle C Vanzela
- *Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil; and Department of Physical Therapy, Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Genetics, University of Pernambuco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Mirian A Kurauti
- *Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil; and Department of Physical Therapy, Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Genetics, University of Pernambuco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Freitas-Dias
- *Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil; and Department of Physical Therapy, Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Genetics, University of Pernambuco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Everardo M Carneiro
- *Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil; and Department of Physical Therapy, Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Genetics, University of Pernambuco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Antonio C Boschero
- *Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil; and Department of Physical Therapy, Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Genetics, University of Pernambuco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Claudio C Zoppi
- *Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil; and Department of Physical Therapy, Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Genetics, University of Pernambuco, Petrolina, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
McDonald MW, Murray MR, Hall KE, Noble EG, Melling CWJ. Morphological assessment of pancreatic islet hormone content following aerobic exercise training in rats with poorly controlled Type 1 diabetes mellitus. Islets 2014; 6:e29221. [PMID: 25483959 PMCID: PMC4594201 DOI: 10.4161/isl.29221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Regular exercise has been shown to improve many complications of Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) including enhanced glucose tolerance and increased cardiac function. While exercise training has been shown to increase insulin content in pancreatic islets of rats with T1DM, experimental models were severely hyperglycemic and not undergoing insulin treatment. Further, research to date has yet to determine how exercise training alters glucagon content in pancreatic islets. The purpose of the present investigation was to determine the impact of a 10-week aerobic training program on pancreatic islet composition in insulin-treated rats with T1DM. Second, it was determined whether the acute, exercise-mediated reduction in blood glucose experienced in rats with T1DM would become larger in magnitude following aerobic exercise training. Diabetes was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by multiple low dose injections of streptozotocin (20mg/kg i.p.) and moderate intensity aerobic exercise training was performed on a motorized treadmill for one hour per day for a total of 10 weeks. Rats with T1DM demonstrated significantly less islet insulin, and significantly more islet glucagon hormone content compared with non-T1DM rats, which did not significantly change following aerobic training. The reduction in blood glucose in response to a single exercise bout was similar across 10 weeks of training. Results also support the view that different subpopulations of islets exist, as small islets (<50 μm diameter) had significantly more insulin and glucagon in rats with and without T1DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W McDonald
- School of Kinesiology; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Western Ontario; London, ON Canada
| | - Michael R Murray
- School of Kinesiology; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Western Ontario; London, ON Canada
| | - Katharine E Hall
- Health and Rehabilitation Sciences; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Western Ontario; London, ON Canada
| | - Earl G Noble
- School of Kinesiology; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Western Ontario; London, ON Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute; University of Western Ontario; London, ON Canada
| | - CW James Melling
- School of Kinesiology; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Western Ontario; London, ON Canada
- Correspondence to: CW James Melling,
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Feng Y, Liu Y, Wang L, Cai X, Wang D, Wu K, Chen H, Li J, Lei W. Sustained oxidative stress causes late acute renal failure via duplex regulation on p38 MAPK and Akt phosphorylation in severely burned rats. PLoS One 2013; 8:e54593. [PMID: 23349934 PMCID: PMC3547934 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical evidence indicates that late acute renal failure (ARF) predicts high mortality in severely burned patients but the pathophysiology of late ARF remains undefined. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that sustained reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced late ARF in a severely burned rat model and to investigate the signaling mechanisms involved. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were exposed to 100°C bath for 15 s to induce severe burn injury (40% of total body surface area). Renal function, ROS generation, tubular necrosis and apoptosis, and phosphorylation of MAPK and Akt were measured during 72 hours after burn. RESULTS Renal function as assessed by serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen deteriorated significantly at 3 h after burn, alleviated at 6 h but worsened at 48 h and 72 h, indicating a late ARF was induced. Apoptotic cells and cleavage caspase-3 in the kidney went up slowly and turned into significant at 48 h and 72 h. Tubular cell ROS production shot up at 6 h and continuously rose during the 72-h experiment. Scavenging ROS with tempol markedly attenuated tubular apoptosis and renal dysfunction at 72 h after burn. Interestingly, renal p38 MAPK phosphorylation elevated in a time dependent manner whereas Akt phosphorylation increased during the first 24 h but decreased at 48 h after burn. The p38 MAPK specific inhibitor SB203580 alleviated whereas Akt inhibitor exacerbated burn-induced tubular apoptosis and renal dysfunction. Furthermore, tempol treatment exerted a duplex regulation through inhibiting p38 MAPK phosphorylation but further increasing Akt phosphorylation at 72 h postburn. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that sustained renal ROS overproduction induces continuous tubular cell apoptosis and thus a late ARF at 72 h after burn in severely burned rats, which may result from ROS-mediated activation of p38 MAPK but a late inhibition of Akt phosphorylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Feng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Oral Implantology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoqing Cai
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dexin Wang
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kaimin Wu
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongli Chen
- Department of Toxicology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Lei
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Almeida FN, Proença ARG, Chimin P, Marçal AC, Bessa-Lima F, Carvalho CRO. Physical exercise and pancreatic islets: acute and chronic actions on insulin secretion. Islets 2012; 4:296-301. [PMID: 22868676 PMCID: PMC3496654 DOI: 10.4161/isl.21273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a great public health problem, which attacks part of the world population, being characterized by an imbalance in body glucose homeostasis. Physical exercise is pointed as a protective agent and is also recommended to people with DM. As pancreatic islets present an important role in glucose homeostasis, we aim to study the role of physical exercise (chronic adaptations and acute responses) in pancreatic islets functionality in Wistar male rats. First, animals were divided into two groups: sedentary (S) and aerobic trained (T). At the end of 8 weeks, half of them (S and T) were submitted to an acute exercise session (exercise until exhaustion), being subdivided as acute sedentary (AS) and acute trained (AT). After the experimental period, periepididymal, retroperitoneal and subcutaneous fat pads, blood, soleus muscle and pancreatic islets were collected and prepared for further analysis. From the pancreatic islets, total insulin content, insulin secretion stimulated by glucose, leucine, arginine and carbachol were analyzed. Our results pointed that body adiposity and glucose homeostasis improved with chronic physical exercise. In addition, total insulin content was reduced in group AT, insulin secretion stimulated by glucose was reduced in trained groups (T and AT) and insulin secretion stimulated by carbachol was increased in group AT. There were no significant differences in insulin secretion stimulated by arginine and leucine. We identified a possible modulating action on insulin secretion, probably related to the association of chronic adaptation with an acute response on cholinergic activity in pancreatic islets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe N Almeida
- Laboratory of Cellular Signaling, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|