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Cai H, Chen S, Sun Y, Zheng T, Liu Y, Tao J, Zhang Y. Interleukin-22 receptor 1-mediated stimulation of T-type Ca 2+ channels enhances sensory neuronal excitability through the tyrosine-protein kinase Lyn-dependent PKA pathway. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:307. [PMID: 38831315 PMCID: PMC11145867 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01688-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin 24 (IL-24) has been implicated in the nociceptive signaling. However, direct evidence and the precise molecular mechanism underlying IL-24's role in peripheral nociception remain unclear. METHODS Using patch clamp recording, molecular biological analysis, immunofluorescence labeling, siRNA-mediated knockdown approach and behavior tests, we elucidated the effects of IL-24 on sensory neuronal excitability and peripheral pain sensitivity mediated by T-type Ca2+ channels (T-type channels). RESULTS IL-24 enhances T-type channel currents (T-currents) in trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons in a reversible and dose-dependent manner, primarily by activating the interleukin-22 receptor 1 (IL-22R1). Furthermore, we found that the IL-24-induced T-type channel response is mediated through tyrosine-protein kinase Lyn, but not its common downstream target JAK1. IL-24 application significantly activated protein kinase A; this effect was independent of cAMP and prevented by Lyn antagonism. Inhibition of PKA prevented the IL-24-induced T-current response, whereas inhibition of protein kinase C or MAPK kinases had no effect. Functionally, IL-24 increased TG neuronal excitability and enhanced pain sensitivity to mechanical stimuli in mice, both of which were suppressed by blocking T-type channels. In a trigeminal neuropathic pain model induced by chronic constriction injury of the infraorbital nerve, inhibiting IL-22R1 signaling alleviated mechanical allodynia, which was reversed by blocking T-type channels or knocking down Cav3.2. CONCLUSION Our findings reveal that IL-24 enhances T-currents by stimulating IL-22R1 coupled to Lyn-dependent PKA signaling, leading to TG neuronal hyperexcitability and pain hypersensitivity. Understanding the mechanism of IL-24/IL-22R1 signaling in sensory neurons may pave the way for innovative therapeutic strategies in pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Cai
- Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, P.R. China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, P.R. China
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology & Centre for Ion Channelopathy, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Yufang Sun
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology & Centre for Ion Channelopathy, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Zheng
- Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, P.R. China
| | - Yulu Liu
- Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, P.R. China
| | - Jin Tao
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology & Centre for Ion Channelopathy, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China.
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, P.R. China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China.
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Zhang Y, Wei Y, Zheng T, Tao Y, Sun Y, Jiang D, Tao J. Adiponectin receptor 1-mediated stimulation of Cav3.2 channels in trigeminal ganglion neurons induces nociceptive behaviors in mice. J Headache Pain 2023; 24:117. [PMID: 37620777 PMCID: PMC10463856 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-023-01658-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipokines, including adiponectin, are implicated in nociceptive pain; however, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain unknown. METHODS Using electrophysiological recording, immunostaining, molecular biological approaches and animal behaviour tests, we elucidated a pivotal role of adiponectin in regulating membrane excitability and pain sensitivity by manipulating Cav3.2 channels in trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons. RESULTS Adiponectin enhanced T-type Ca2+ channel currents (IT) in TG neurons through the activation of adiponectin receptor 1 (adipoR1) but independently of heterotrimeric G protein-mediated signaling. Coimmunoprecipitation revealed a physical association between AdipoR1 and casein kinase II alpha-subunits (CK2α) in the TG, and inhibiting CK2 activity by chemical inhibitor or siRNA targeting CK2α prevented the adiponectin-induced IT response. Adiponectin significantly activated protein kinase C (PKC), and this effect was abrogated by CK2α knockdown. Adiponectin increased the membrane abundance of PKC beta1 (PKCβ1). Blocking PKCβ1 pharmacologically or genetically abrogated the adiponectin-induced IT increase. In heterologous expression systems, activation of adipoR1 induced a selective enhancement of Cav3.2 channel currents, dependent on PKCβ1 signaling. Functionally, adiponectin increased TG neuronal excitability and induced mechanical pain hypersensitivity, both attenuated by T-type channel blockade. In a trigeminal neuralgia model induced by chronic constriction injury of infraorbital nerve, blockade of adipoR1 signaling suppressed mechanical allodynia, which was prevented by silencing Cav3.2. CONCLUSION Our study elucidates a novel signaling cascade wherein adiponectin stimulates TG Cav3.2 channels via adipoR1 coupled to a novel CK2α-dependent PKCβ1. This process induces neuronal hyperexcitability and pain hypersensitivity. Insight into adipoR-Cav3.2 signaling in sensory neurons provides attractive targets for pain treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease & Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 San-Xiang Road, Suzhou, 215004 People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Wei
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology & Centre for Ion Channelopathy, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123 People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingting Zheng
- Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease & Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 San-Xiang Road, Suzhou, 215004 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Tao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yufang Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology & Centre for Ion Channelopathy, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123 People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongsheng Jiang
- Institute of Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Jin Tao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology & Centre for Ion Channelopathy, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123 People’s Republic of China
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Allam S, Levenson-Palmer R, Chia Chang Z, Kaur S, Cernuda B, Raman A, Booth A, Dobbins S, Suppa G, Yang J, Buraei Z. Inactivation influences the extent of inhibition of voltage-gated Ca +2 channels by Gem-implications for channelopathies. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1155976. [PMID: 37654674 PMCID: PMC10466392 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1155976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCC) directly control muscle contraction and neurotransmitter release, and slower processes such as cell differentiation, migration, and death. They are potently inhibited by RGK GTP-ases (Rem, Rem2, Rad, and Gem/Kir), which decrease Ca2+ channel membrane expression, as well as directly inhibit membrane-resident channels. The mechanisms of membrane-resident channel inhibition are difficult to study because RGK-overexpression causes complete or near complete channel inhibition. Using titrated levels of Gem expression in Xenopus oocytes to inhibit WT P/Q-type calcium channels by ∼50%, we show that inhibition is dependent on channel inactivation. Interestingly, fast-inactivating channels, including Familial Hemiplegic Migraine mutants, are more potently inhibited than WT channels, while slow-inactivating channels, such as those expressed with the Cavβ2a auxiliary subunit, are spared. We found similar results in L-type channels, and, remarkably, Timothy Syndrome mutant channels were insensitive to Gem inhibition. Further results suggest that RGKs slow channel recovery from inactivation and further implicate RGKs as likely modulating factors in channelopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Allam
- Department of Biology, Pace University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Rose Levenson-Palmer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Sukhjinder Kaur
- Department of Biology, Pace University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Bryan Cernuda
- Department of Biology, Pace University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ananya Raman
- Department of Biology, Pace University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Audrey Booth
- Department of Biology, Pace University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Scott Dobbins
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Gabrielle Suppa
- Department of Biology, Pace University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Zafir Buraei
- Department of Biology, Pace University, New York, NY, United States
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Zhang Y, Wang H, Sun Y, Huang Z, Tao Y, Wang Y, Jiang X, Tao J. Trace amine-associated receptor 1 regulation of Kv1.4 channels in trigeminal ganglion neurons contributes to nociceptive behaviors. J Headache Pain 2023; 24:49. [PMID: 37158881 PMCID: PMC10165857 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-023-01582-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trace amines, such as tyramine, are endogenous amino acid metabolites that have been hypothesized to promote headache. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain unknown. METHODS Using patch-clamp recording, immunostaining, molecular biological approaches and behaviour tests, we elucidated a critically functional role of tyramine in regulating membrane excitability and pain sensitivity by manipulating Kv1.4 channels in trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons. RESULTS Application of tyramine to TG neurons decreased the A-type K+ current (IA) in a manner dependent on trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1). Either siRNA knockdown of Gαo or chemical inhibition of βγ subunit (Gβγ) signaling abrogated the response to tyramine. Antagonism of protein kinase C (PKC) prevented the tyramine-induced IA response, while inhibition of conventional PKC isoforms or protein kinase A elicited no such effect. Tyramine increased the membrane abundance of PKCθ in TG neurons, and either pharmacological or genetic inhibition of PKCθ blocked the TAAR1-mediated IA decrease. Furthermore, PKCθ-dependent IA suppression was mediated by Kv1.4 channels. Knockdown of Kv1.4 abrogated the TAAR1-induced IA decrease, neuronal hyperexcitability, and pain hypersensitivity. In a mouse model of migraine induced by electrical stimulation of the dura mater surrounding the superior sagittal sinus, blockade of TAAR1 signaling attenuated mechanical allodynia; this effect was occluded by lentiviral overexpression of Kv1.4 in TG neurons. CONCLUSION These results suggest that tyramine induces Kv1.4-mediated IA suppression through stimulation of TAAR1 coupled to the Gβγ-dependent PKCθ signaling cascade, thereby enhancing TG neuronal excitability and mechanical pain sensitivity. Insight into TAAR1 signaling in sensory neurons provides attractive targets for the treatment of headache disorders such as migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics & Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 San-Xiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, P.R. China.
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology & Centre for Ion Channelopathy, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China.
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, P.R. China
| | - Yufang Sun
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology & Centre for Ion Channelopathy, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Zitong Huang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology & Centre for Ion Channelopathy, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Yu Tao
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology & Centre for Ion Channelopathy, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Yiru Wang
- Department of Geriatrics & Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 San-Xiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, P.R. China
| | - Xinghong Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology & Centre for Ion Channelopathy, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Jin Tao
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology & Centre for Ion Channelopathy, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P.R. China.
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Folacci M, Estaran S, Ménard C, Bertaud A, Rousset M, Roussel J, Thibaud JB, Vignes M, Chavanieu A, Charnet P, Cens T. Functional Characterization of Four Known Cav2.1 Variants Associated with Neurodevelopmental Disorders. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:96. [PMID: 36676903 PMCID: PMC9864995 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cav2.1 channels are expressed throughout the brain and are the predominant Ca2+ channels in the Purkinje cells. These cerebellar neurons fire spontaneously, and Cav2.1 channels are involved in the regular pacemaking activity. The loss of precision of the firing pattern of Purkinje cells leads to ataxia, a disorder characterized by poor balance and difficulties in performing coordinated movements. In this study, we aimed at characterizing functional and structural consequences of four variations (p.A405T in I-II loop and p.R1359W, p.R1667W and p.S1799L in IIIS4, IVS4, and IVS6 helices, respectively) identified in patients exhibiting a wide spectrum of disorders including ataxia symptoms. Functional analysis using two major Cav2.1 splice variants (Cav2.1+e47 and Cav2.1-e47) in Xenopus laevis oocytes, revealed a lack of effect upon A405T substitution and a significant loss-of-function caused by R1359W, whereas R1667W and S1799L caused both channel gain-of-function and loss-of-function, in a splice variant-dependent manner. Structural analysis revealed the loss of interactions with S1, S2, and S3 helices upon R1359W and R1667W substitutions, but a lack of obvious structural changes with S1799L. Computational modeling suggests that biophysical changes induced by Cav2.1 pathogenic mutations might affect action potential frequency in Purkinje cells.
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Abstract
Headache disorders can produce recurrent, incapacitating pain. Migraine and cluster headache are notable for their ability to produce significant disability. The anatomy and physiology of headache disorders is fundamental to evolving treatment approaches and research priorities. Key concepts in headache mechanisms include activation and sensitization of trigeminovascular, brainstem, thalamic, and hypothalamic neurons; modulation of cortical brain regions; and activation of descending pain circuits. This review will examine the relevant anatomy of the trigeminal, brainstem, subcortical, and cortical brain regions and concepts related to the pathophysiology of migraine and cluster headache disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M Harriott
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yulia Orlova
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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Zhang Y, Qian Z, Jiang D, Sun Y, Gao S, Jiang X, Wang H, Tao J. Neuromedin B receptor stimulation of Cav3.2 T-type Ca 2+ channels in primary sensory neurons mediates peripheral pain hypersensitivity. Theranostics 2021; 11:9342-9357. [PMID: 34646374 PMCID: PMC8490515 DOI: 10.7150/thno.62255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Neuromedin B (Nmb) is implicated in the regulation of nociception of sensory neurons. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Methods: Using patch clamp recording, western blot analysis, immunofluorescent labelling, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, adenovirus-mediated shRNA knockdown and animal behaviour tests, we studied the effects of Nmb on the sensory neuronal excitability and peripheral pain sensitivity mediated by Cav3.2 T-type channels. Results: Nmb reversibly and concentration-dependently increased T-type channel currents (IT) in small-sized trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons through the activation of neuromedin B receptor (NmbR). This NmbR-mediated IT response was Gq protein-coupled, but independent of protein kinase C activity. Either intracellular application of the QEHA peptide or shRNA-mediated knockdown of Gβ abolished the NmbR-induced IT response. Inhibition of protein kinase A (PKA) or AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) completely abolished the Nmb-induced IT response. Analysis of phospho-AMPK (p-AMPK) revealed that Nmb significantly activated AMPK, while AMPK inhibition prevented the Nmb-induced increase in PKA activity. In a heterologous expression system, activation of NmbR significantly enhanced the Cav3.2 channel currents, while the Cav3.1 and Cav3.3 channel currents remained unaffected. Nmb induced TG neuronal hyperexcitability and concomitantly induced mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity, both of which were attenuated by T-type channel blockade. Moreover, blockade of NmbR signalling prevented mechanical hypersensitivity in a mouse model of complete Freund's adjuvant-induced inflammatory pain, and this effect was attenuated by siRNA knockdown of Cav3.2. Conclusions: Our study reveals a novel mechanism by which NmbR stimulates Cav3.2 channels through a Gβγ-dependent AMPK/PKA pathway. In mouse models, this mechanism appears to drive the hyperexcitability of TG neurons and induce pain hypersensitivity.
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Cao J, Zhang Y, Wu L, Shan L, Sun Y, Jiang X, Tao J. Electrical stimulation of the superior sagittal sinus suppresses A-type K + currents and increases P/Q- and T-type Ca 2+ currents in rat trigeminal ganglion neurons. J Headache Pain 2019; 20:87. [PMID: 31375062 PMCID: PMC6734278 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-019-1037-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Migraine is a debilitating neurological disorder involving abnormal trigeminovascular activation and sensitization. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS A rat model of conscious migraine was established through the electrical stimulation (ES) of the dural mater surrounding the superior sagittal sinus. Using patch clamp recording, immunofluorescent labelling, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and western blot analysis, we studied the effects of ES on sensory neuronal excitability and elucidated the underlying mechanisms mediated by voltage-gated ion channels. RESULTS The calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) level in the jugular vein blood and the number of CGRP-positive neurons in the trigeminal ganglia (TGs) were significantly increased in rats with ES-induced migraine. The application of ES increased actional potential firing in both small-sized IB4-negative (IB4-) and IB4+ TG neurons. No significant changes in voltage-gated Na+ currents were observed in the ES-treated groups. ES robustly suppressed the transient outward K+ current (IA) in both types of TG neurons, while the delayed rectifier K+ current remained unchanged. Immunoblot analysis revealed that the protein expression of Kv4.3 was significantly decreased in the ES-treated groups, while Kv1.4 remained unaffected. Interestingly, ES increased the P/Q-type and T-type Ca2+ currents in small-sized IB4- TG neurons, while there were no significant changes in the IB4+ subpopulation of neurons. CONCLUSION These results suggest that ES decreases the IA in small-sized TG neurons and increases P/Q- and T-type Ca2+ currents in the IB4- subpopulation of TG neurons, which might contribute to neuronal hyperexcitability in a rat model of ES-induced migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junping Cao
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology & Centre for Ion Channelopathy, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics & Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology & Centre for Ion Channelopathy, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Lidong Shan
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology & Centre for Ion Channelopathy, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufang Sun
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology & Centre for Ion Channelopathy, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinghong Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology & Centre for Ion Channelopathy, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Tao
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology & Centre for Ion Channelopathy, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China.
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TRESK K + Channel Activity Regulates Trigeminal Nociception and Headache. eNeuro 2019; 6:ENEURO.0236-19.2019. [PMID: 31308053 PMCID: PMC6664143 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0236-19.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although TWIK-related spinal cord K+ (TRESK) channel is expressed in all primary afferent neurons in trigeminal ganglia (TG) and dorsal root ganglia (DRG), whether TRESK activity regulates trigeminal pain processing is still not established. Dominant-negative TRESK mutations are associated with migraine but not with other types of pain in humans, suggesting that genetic TRESK dysfunction preferentially affects the generation of trigeminal pain, especially headache. Using TRESK global knock-out mice as a model system, we found that loss of TRESK in all TG neurons selectively increased the intrinsic excitability of small-diameter nociceptors, especially those that do not bind to isolectin B4 (IB4-). Similarly, loss of TRESK resulted in hyper-excitation of the small IB4- dural afferent neurons but not those that bind to IB4 (IB4+). Compared with wild-type littermates, both male and female TRESK knock-out mice exhibited more robust trigeminal nociceptive behaviors, including headache-related behaviors, whereas their body and visceral pain responses were normal. Interestingly, neither the total persistent outward current nor the intrinsic excitability was altered in adult TRESK knock-out DRG neurons, which may explain why genetic TRESK dysfunction is not associated with body and/or visceral pain in humans. We reveal for the first time that, among all primary afferent neurons, TG nociceptors are the most vulnerable to the genetic loss of TRESK. Our findings indicate that endogenous TRESK activity regulates trigeminal nociception, likely through controlling the intrinsic excitability of TG nociceptors. Importantly, we provide evidence that genetic loss of TRESK significantly increases the likelihood of developing headache.
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Zhang Y, Jiang D, Li H, Sun Y, Jiang X, Gong S, Qian Z, Tao J. Melanocortin type 4 receptor-mediated inhibition of A-type K + current enhances sensory neuronal excitability and mechanical pain sensitivity in rats. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:5496-5507. [PMID: 30745360 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) has been shown to be involved in nociception, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, we report that α-MSH suppresses the transient outward A-type K+ current (I A) in trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons and thereby modulates neuronal excitability and peripheral pain sensitivity in rats. Exposing small-diameter TG neurons to α-MSH concentration-dependently decreased I A This α-MSH-induced I A decrease was dependent on the melanocortin type 4 receptor (MC4R) and associated with a hyperpolarizing shift in the voltage dependence of A-type K+ channel inactivation. Chemical inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) with wortmannin or of class I PI3Ks with the selective inhibitor CH5132799 prevented the MC4R-mediated I A response. Blocking Gi/o-protein signaling with pertussis toxin or by dialysis of TG neurons with the Gβγ-blocking synthetic peptide QEHA abolished the α-MSH-mediated decrease in I A Further, α-MSH increased the expression levels of phospho-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and pharmacological or genetic inhibition of p38α abrogated the α-MSH-induced I A response. Additionally, α-MSH significantly increased the action potential firing rate of TG neurons and increased the sensitivity of rats to mechanical stimuli applied to the buccal pad area, and both effects were abrogated by I A blockade. Taken together, our findings suggest that α-MSH suppresses I A by activating MC4R, which is coupled sequentially to the Gβγ complex of the Gi/o-protein and downstream class I PI3K-dependent p38α signaling, thereby increasing TG neuronal excitability and mechanical pain sensitivity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- From the Department of Geriatrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China.,the Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and Centre for Ion Channelopathy, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Dongsheng Jiang
- the Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and Centre for Ion Channelopathy, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.,the Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich 81377, Germany, and
| | - Hua Li
- the National Shanghai Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yufang Sun
- the Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and Centre for Ion Channelopathy, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xinghong Jiang
- the Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and Centre for Ion Channelopathy, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shan Gong
- the Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and Centre for Ion Channelopathy, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhiyuan Qian
- From the Department of Geriatrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China,
| | - Jin Tao
- the Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and Centre for Ion Channelopathy, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China, .,the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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Yang Y, Li S, Jin ZR, Jing HB, Zhao HY, Liu BH, Liang YJ, Liu LY, Cai J, Wan Y, Xing GG. Decreased abundance of TRESK two-pore domain potassium channels in sensory neurons underlies the pain associated with bone metastasis. Sci Signal 2018; 11. [DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aao5150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Bone metastasis–associated VEGF suppresses neuronal K
+
channels and increases pain in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China and National Committee of Health and Family Planning of China, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Song Li
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China and National Committee of Health and Family Planning of China, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zi-Run Jin
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China and National Committee of Health and Family Planning of China, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hong-Bo Jing
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China and National Committee of Health and Family Planning of China, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hong-Yan Zhao
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China and National Committee of Health and Family Planning of China, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bo-Heng Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China and National Committee of Health and Family Planning of China, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ya-Jing Liang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ling-Yu Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China and National Committee of Health and Family Planning of China, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jie Cai
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China and National Committee of Health and Family Planning of China, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - You Wan
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China and National Committee of Health and Family Planning of China, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Guo-Gang Xing
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education of China and National Committee of Health and Family Planning of China, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, China
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Zhang Y, Wang H, Ke J, Wei Y, Ji H, Qian Z, Liu L, Tao J. Inhibition of A-Type K+ Channels by Urotensin-II Induces Sensory Neuronal Hyperexcitability Through the PKCα-ERK Pathway. Endocrinology 2018; 159:2253-2263. [PMID: 29648633 DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have implicated urotensin-II in the nociception of sensory neurons. However, to date the relevant mechanisms remain unknown. In the current study we determined the role of urotensin-II in the regulation of transient outward A-type potassium currents (IA) and neuronal excitability in trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons. We found that application of urotensin-II to small-diameter TG neurons decreased IA in a dose-dependent manner, whereas the delayed rectifier potassium current was unaffected. The IA decrease induced by urotensin-II depended on the urotensin-II receptor (UT-R) and was associated with a hyperpolarizing shift in the steady-state inactivation curve. Exposure of TG cells to urotensin-II markedly increased protein kinase C (PKC) activity, and PKC inhibition eliminated the UT-R-mediated IA decrease. Antagonism of PKCα, either pharmacologically or genetically, but not of PKCβ prevented the decrease in IA induced by urotensin-II. Analysis of phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) revealed that urotensin-II significantly increased the expression level of p-ERK, whereas p-p38 and p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase remained unchanged. Inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK signaling by the kinase antagonist U0126 and PD98059 completely abolished the UT-R-mediated IA decrease. Moreover, urotensin-II significantly increased the action potential firing rate of small TG neurons; pretreatment with 4-aminopyridine prevented this effect. In summary, our findings suggest that urotensin-II selectively attenuated IA through stimulation of the PKCα-dependent ERK1/2 signaling pathway. This UT-R-dependent mechanism might contribute to neuronal hyperexcitability in TG neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Department of Geriatrics & Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Ke
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Wei
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Heyi Ji
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Qian
- Department of Geriatrics & Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Tao
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
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Pelzer N, Haan J, Stam AH, Vijfhuizen LS, Koelewijn SC, Smagge A, de Vries B, Ferrari MD, van den Maagdenberg AMJM, Terwindt GM. Clinical spectrum of hemiplegic migraine and chances of finding a pathogenic mutation. Neurology 2018; 90:e575-e582. [PMID: 29343472 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000004966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the clinical characteristics of patients with hemiplegic migraine with and without autosomal dominant mutations in CACNA1A, ATP1A2, or SCN1A differ, and whether the disease may be caused by mutations in other genes. METHODS We compared the clinical characteristics of 208 patients with familial (n = 199) or sporadic (n = 9) hemiplegic migraine due to a mutation in CACNA1A, ATP1A2, or SCN1A with those of 73 patients with familial (n = 49) or sporadic (n = 24) hemiplegic migraine without a mutation in these genes. In addition, 47 patients (familial: n = 33; sporadic: n = 14) without mutations in CACNA1A, ATP1A2, or SCN1A were scanned for mutations in novel genes using whole exome sequencing. RESULTS Patients with mutations in CACNA1A, ATP1A2, or SCN1A had a lower age at disease onset, larger numbers of affected family members, and more often attacks (1) triggered by mild head trauma, (2) with extensive motor weakness, and (3) with brainstem features, confusion, and brain edema. Mental retardation and progressive ataxia were exclusively found in patients with a mutation. Whole exome sequencing failed to identify pathogenic mutations in new genes. CONCLUSIONS Most patients with hemiplegic migraine without a mutation in CACNA1A, ATP1A2, or SCN1A display a mild phenotype that is more akin to that of common (nonhemiplegic) migraine. A major fourth autosomal dominant gene for hemiplegic migraine remains to be identified. Our observations might guide physicians in selecting patients for mutation screening and in providing adequate genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Pelzer
- From the Departments of Neurology (N.P., J.H., A.H.S., A.S., M.D.F., A.M.J.M.v.d.M., G.M.T.) and Human Genetics (L.S.V., S.C.K., B.d.V., A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Neurology (J.H.), Alrijne Hospital, Leiderdorp, the Netherlands
| | - Joost Haan
- From the Departments of Neurology (N.P., J.H., A.H.S., A.S., M.D.F., A.M.J.M.v.d.M., G.M.T.) and Human Genetics (L.S.V., S.C.K., B.d.V., A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Neurology (J.H.), Alrijne Hospital, Leiderdorp, the Netherlands
| | - Anine H Stam
- From the Departments of Neurology (N.P., J.H., A.H.S., A.S., M.D.F., A.M.J.M.v.d.M., G.M.T.) and Human Genetics (L.S.V., S.C.K., B.d.V., A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Neurology (J.H.), Alrijne Hospital, Leiderdorp, the Netherlands
| | - Lisanne S Vijfhuizen
- From the Departments of Neurology (N.P., J.H., A.H.S., A.S., M.D.F., A.M.J.M.v.d.M., G.M.T.) and Human Genetics (L.S.V., S.C.K., B.d.V., A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Neurology (J.H.), Alrijne Hospital, Leiderdorp, the Netherlands
| | - Stephany C Koelewijn
- From the Departments of Neurology (N.P., J.H., A.H.S., A.S., M.D.F., A.M.J.M.v.d.M., G.M.T.) and Human Genetics (L.S.V., S.C.K., B.d.V., A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Neurology (J.H.), Alrijne Hospital, Leiderdorp, the Netherlands
| | - Amber Smagge
- From the Departments of Neurology (N.P., J.H., A.H.S., A.S., M.D.F., A.M.J.M.v.d.M., G.M.T.) and Human Genetics (L.S.V., S.C.K., B.d.V., A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Neurology (J.H.), Alrijne Hospital, Leiderdorp, the Netherlands
| | - Boukje de Vries
- From the Departments of Neurology (N.P., J.H., A.H.S., A.S., M.D.F., A.M.J.M.v.d.M., G.M.T.) and Human Genetics (L.S.V., S.C.K., B.d.V., A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Neurology (J.H.), Alrijne Hospital, Leiderdorp, the Netherlands
| | - Michel D Ferrari
- From the Departments of Neurology (N.P., J.H., A.H.S., A.S., M.D.F., A.M.J.M.v.d.M., G.M.T.) and Human Genetics (L.S.V., S.C.K., B.d.V., A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Neurology (J.H.), Alrijne Hospital, Leiderdorp, the Netherlands
| | - Arn M J M van den Maagdenberg
- From the Departments of Neurology (N.P., J.H., A.H.S., A.S., M.D.F., A.M.J.M.v.d.M., G.M.T.) and Human Genetics (L.S.V., S.C.K., B.d.V., A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Neurology (J.H.), Alrijne Hospital, Leiderdorp, the Netherlands
| | - Gisela M Terwindt
- From the Departments of Neurology (N.P., J.H., A.H.S., A.S., M.D.F., A.M.J.M.v.d.M., G.M.T.) and Human Genetics (L.S.V., S.C.K., B.d.V., A.M.J.M.v.d.M.), Leiden University Medical Centre; and Department of Neurology (J.H.), Alrijne Hospital, Leiderdorp, the Netherlands.
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Youn DH. Trigeminal long-term potentiation as a cellular substrate for migraine. Med Hypotheses 2017; 110:27-30. [PMID: 29317063 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2017.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Most previous studies suggest that the subnucleus caudalis (Vc) of spinal trigeminal nucleus (Vsp) plays a key role in the generation and maintenance of migraine, a type of primary headache, by participating in the trigeminovascular system. Furthermore, the excitability of the Vc with the stimulation of the peripheral nociceptive fibers innervating the intracranial vessels or dura matter is regarded as a main cellular substrate for migraine. Here, a revised hypothesis is introduced, reinforcing the previous hypothesis and complementing it. This hypothesis suggests that, besides the Vc, much broader areas of the trigeminal sensory nuclei (Vsn), i.e., the principal sensory nucleus (Vp), the oralis nucleus (Vo), and the interpolaris nucleus (Vi), contribute to process and integrate pain signals generated in the head. In addition, the plasticity of synaptic transmission between nuclei or subnuclei in the Vsn, in particular, the Vsp, can be a cellular model for migraine, in the same way as the hippocampal synaptic plasticity is a model for learning and memory. This hypothesis will contribute to the discovery of new therapeutic tools for patients with migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ho Youn
- Department of Oral Physiology, BioCure Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, 2177 Dalgubeol Blvd., Jung-gu, Daegu 41940, Republic of Korea.
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Zhao H, Yu Y, Wu X, Liu S, Liu B, Du J, Li B, Jiang L, Feng X. A Role of BK Channel in Regulation of Ca 2+ Channel in Ventricular Myocytes by Substrate Stiffness. Biophys J 2017; 112:1406-1416. [PMID: 28402883 PMCID: PMC5389963 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2017.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Substrate stiffness is crucial for diverse cell functions, but the mechanisms conferring cells with mechanosensitivity are still elusive. By tailoring substrate stiffness with 10-fold difference, we showed that L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channel current density was greater in chick ventricular myocytes cultured on the stiff substrate than on the soft substrate. Blockage of the BK channel increased the Ca2+ current density on the soft substrate and consequently eliminated substrate stiffness regulation of the Ca2+ channel. The expression of the BK channel, including the STREX-containing α-subunit that forms stretch-activated BK channel in myocytes and the BK channel function in myocytes (and also in HEK293 cells heterologously expressing STREX-containing α- and β1-subunits) was reduced in cells cultured on the stiff substrate. Furthermore, in HEK293 cells coexpressing the cardiac CaV1.2 channel and STREX-containing BK channel, the Ca2+ current density was greater in cells on the stiff substrate, which was not observed in cells expressing the CaV1.2 channel alone or coexpressing with the STREX-deleted BK channel. These results provide strong evidence to show that the stretch-activated BK channel plays a key role in functional regulation of cardiac voltage-gated Ca2+ channel by substrate stiffness, revealing, to our knowledge, a novel mechanosensing mechanism in ventricular myocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hucheng Zhao
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoan Wu
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Sisi Liu
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bailin Liu
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Du
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Li
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Linhua Jiang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom; Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
| | - Xiqiao Feng
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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Serotonin type-1D receptor stimulation of A-type K(+) channel decreases membrane excitability through the protein kinase A- and B-Raf-dependent p38 MAPK pathways in mouse trigeminal ganglion neurons. Cell Signal 2016; 28:979-88. [PMID: 27156838 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Although recent studies have implicated serotonin 5-HT1B/D receptors in the nociceptive sensitivity of primary afferent neurons, the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we identified a novel functional role of the 5-HT1D receptor subtype in regulating A-type potassium (K(+)) currents (IA) as well as membrane excitability in small trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons. We found that the selective activation of 5-HT1D, rather than 5-HT1B, receptors reversibly increased IA, while the sustained delayed rectifier K(+) current was unaffected. The 5-HT1D-mediated IA increase was associated with a depolarizing shift in the voltage dependence of inactivation. Blocking G-protein signaling with pertussis toxin or by intracellular application of a selective antibody raised against Gαo or Gβ abolished the 5-HT1D effect on IA. Inhibition of protein kinase A (PKA), but not of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase or protein kinase C, abolished the 5-HT1D-mediated IA increase. Analysis of phospho-p38 (p-p38) revealed that activation of 5-HT1D, but not 5-HT1B, receptors significantly activated p38, while p-ERK and p-JNK were unaffected. The p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580, but not its inactive analogue SB202474, and inhibition of B-Raf blocked the 5-HT1D-mediated IA response. Functionally, we observed a significantly decreased action potential firing rate induced by the 5-HT1D receptors; pretreatment with 4-aminopyridine abolished this effect. Taken together, these results suggest that the activation of 5-HT1D receptors selectively enhanced IA via the Gβγ of the Go-protein, PKA, and the sequential B-Raf-dependent p38 MAPK signaling cascade. This 5-HT1D receptor effect may contribute to neuronal hypoexcitability in small TG neurons.
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Abstract
Migraine is a common multifactorial episodic brain disorder with strong genetic basis. Monogenic subtypes include rare familial hemiplegic migraine, cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy, familial advanced sleep-phase syndrome (FASPS), and retinal vasculopathy with cerebral leukodystrophy. Functional studies of disease-causing mutations in cellular and/or transgenic models revealed enhanced (glutamatergic) neurotransmission and abnormal vascular function as key migraine mechanisms. Common forms of migraine (both with and without an aura), instead, are thought to have a polygenic makeup. Genome-wide association studies have already identified over a dozen genes involved in neuronal and vascular mechanisms. Here, we review the current state of molecular genetic research in migraine, also with respect to functional and pathway analyses. We will also discuss how novel experimental approaches for the identification and functional characterization of migraine genes, such as next-generation sequencing, induced pluripotent stem cell, and optogenetic technologies will further our understanding of the molecular pathways involved in migraine pathogenesis.
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Guo Z, Liu P, Ren F, Cao YQ. Nonmigraine-associated TRESK K+ channel variant C110R does not increase the excitability of trigeminal ganglion neurons. J Neurophysiol 2014; 112:568-79. [PMID: 24805079 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00267.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent genetic studies suggest that dysfunction of ion channels and transporters may contribute to migraine pathophysiology. A migraine-associated frameshift mutation in the TWIK-related spinal cord K+ (TRESK) channel results in nonfunctional channels. Moreover, mutant TRESK subunits exert a dominant-negative effect on whole cell TRESK currents and result in hyperexcitability of small-diameter trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons, suggesting that mutant TRESK may increase the gain of the neuronal circuit underlying migraine headache. However, the nonmigraine-associated TRESK C110R variant exhibits the same effect on TRESK currents as the mutant subunits in Xenopus oocytes, suggesting that dysfunction of TRESK is not sufficient to cause migraine. Here, we confirmed that the C110R variant formed nonfunctional channels and exerted a dominant-negative effect on TRESK currents in HEK293T cells, similar to the migraine-associated mutant TRESK. To compare the functional consequences of TRESK mutations/variants in a more physiological setting, we expressed the mutant TRESK and the C110R variant in cultured mouse TG neurons and investigated their effects on background K+ currents and neuronal excitability. Both mutant TRESK and the C110R variant reduced the endogenous TRESK currents in TG neurons, but the effect of the C110R variant was significantly smaller. Importantly, only TG neurons expressing mutant TRESK subunits, but not those expressing the C110R variant, exhibited a significant increase in excitability. Thus only the migraine-associated TRESK mutation, but not the C110R variant, reduces the endogenous TRESK currents to a degree that affects TG excitability. Our results support a potential causal relationship between the frameshift TRESK mutation and migraine susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohua Guo
- Washington University Pain Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Ping Liu
- Washington University Pain Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Fei Ren
- Washington University Pain Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Yu-Qing Cao
- Washington University Pain Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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Guo Z, Cao YQ. Over-expression of TRESK K(+) channels reduces the excitability of trigeminal ganglion nociceptors. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87029. [PMID: 24466320 PMCID: PMC3900698 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
TWIK-related spinal cord K+ (TRESK) channel is abundantly expressed in trigeminal ganglion (TG) and dorsal root ganglion neurons and is one of the major background K+ channels in primary afferent neurons. Mutations in TRESK channels are associated with familial and sporadic migraine. In rats, both chronic nerve injury and inflammation alter the expression level of TRESK mRNA. Functional studies indicate that reduction of endogenous TRESK channel activity results in hyper-excitation of primary afferent neurons, suggesting that TRESK is a potential target for the development of new analgesics. However, whether and how enhancing TRESK channel activity would decrease the excitability of primary afferent neurons has not been directly tested. Here, we over-expressed TRESK subunits in cultured mouse TG neurons by lipofectamine-mediated transfection and investigated how this altered the membrane properties and the excitability of the small-diameter TG population. To account for the heterogeneity of neurons, we further divided small TG neurons into two groups, based on their ability to bind to fluorescently-labeled isolectin B (IB4). The transfected TG neurons showed a 2-fold increase in the level of TRESK proteins. This was accompanied by a significant increase in the fraction of lamotrigine-sensitive persistent K+ currents as well as the size of total background K+ currents. Consequently, both IB4-positive and IB4-negative TG neurons over-expressing TRESK subunits exhibited a lower input resistance and a 2-fold increase in the current threshold for action potential initiation. IB4-negative TG neurons over-expressing TRESK subunits also showed a significant reduction of the spike frequency in response to supra-threshold stimuli. Importantly, an increase in TRESK channel activity effectively inhibited capsaicin-evoked spikes in TG neurons. Taken together, our results suggest that potent and specific TRESK channel openers likely would reduce the excitability of primary afferent neurons and therefore are potential therapeutics for the treatment of migraine and other chronic pain symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohua Guo
- Washington University Pain Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Yu-Qing Cao
- Washington University Pain Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
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Gnanasekaran A, Bele T, Hullugundi S, Simonetti M, Ferrari MD, van den Maagdenberg AMJM, Nistri A, Fabbretti E. Mutated CaV2.1 channels dysregulate CASK/P2X3 signaling in mouse trigeminal sensory neurons of R192Q Cacna1a knock-in mice. Mol Pain 2013; 9:62. [PMID: 24294842 PMCID: PMC4220808 DOI: 10.1186/1744-8069-9-62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background ATP-gated P2X3 receptors of sensory ganglion neurons are important transducers of pain as they adapt their expression and function in response to acute and chronic nociceptive signals. The present study investigated the role of calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase (CASK) in controlling P2X3 receptor expression and function in trigeminal ganglia from Cacna1a R192Q-mutated knock-in (KI) mice, a genetic model for familial hemiplegic migraine type-1. Results KI ganglion neurons showed more abundant CASK/P2X3 receptor complex at membrane level, a result that likely originated from gain-of-function effects of R192Q-mutated CaV2.1 channels and downstream enhanced CaMKII activity. The selective CaV2.1 channel blocker ω-Agatoxin IVA and the CaMKII inhibitor KN-93 were sufficient to return CASK/P2X3 co-expression to WT levels. After CASK silencing, P2X3 receptor expression was decreased in both WT and KI ganglia, supporting the role of CASK in P2X3 receptor stabilization. This process was functionally observed as reduced P2X3 receptor currents. Conclusions We propose that, in trigeminal sensory neurons, the CASK/P2X3 complex has a dynamic nature depending on intracellular calcium and related signaling, that are enhanced in a transgenic mouse model of genetic hemiplegic migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aswini Gnanasekaran
- Neuroscience Department, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, Trieste 34136, Italy.
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Liu P, Xiao Z, Ren F, Guo Z, Chen Z, Zhao H, Cao YQ. Functional analysis of a migraine-associated TRESK K+ channel mutation. J Neurosci 2013; 33:12810-24. [PMID: 23904616 PMCID: PMC3728689 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1237-13.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Revised: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent genetic and functional studies suggest that migraine may result from abnormal activities of ion channels and transporters. A frameshift mutation in the human TWIK-related spinal cord K(+) (TRESK) channel has been identified in migraine with aura patients in a large pedigree. In Xenopus oocytes, mutant TRESK subunits exert a dominant-negative effect on whole-cell TRESK currents. However, questions remain as to whether and how mutant TRESK subunits affect the membrane properties and the excitability of neurons in the migraine circuit. Here, we investigated the functional consequences of the mutant TRESK subunits in HEK293T cells and mouse trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons. First, we found that mutant TRESK subunits exhibited dominant-negative effects not only on the size of the whole-cell TRESK currents, but also on the level of TRESK channels on the plasma membrane in HEK293T cells. This likely resulted from the heterodimerization of wild-type and mutant TRESK subunits. Next, we expressed mutant TRESK subunits in cultured TG neurons and observed a significant decrease in the lamotrigine-sensitive K(+) current, suggesting that the mutant TRESK subunits have a dominant-negative effect on currents through the endogenous TRESK channels. Current-clamp recordings showed that neurons expressing mutant TRESK subunits had a higher input resistance, a lower current threshold for action potential initiation, and a higher spike frequency in response to suprathreshold stimuli, indicating that the mutation resulted in hyperexcitability of TG neurons. Our results suggest a possible mechanism through which the TRESK mutation increases the susceptibility of migraine headache.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Liu
- Washington University Pain Center and
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
| | - Zheman Xiao
- Washington University Pain Center and
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
| | - Fei Ren
- Washington University Pain Center and
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
| | - Zhaohua Guo
- Washington University Pain Center and
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
| | - Ziwei Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
| | - Hucheng Zhao
- Washington University Pain Center and
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
| | - Yu-Qing Cao
- Washington University Pain Center and
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
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Eising E, de Vries B, Ferrari MD, Terwindt GM, van den Maagdenberg AMJM. Pearls and pitfalls in genetic studies of migraine. Cephalalgia 2013; 33:614-25. [DOI: 10.1177/0333102413484988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of review Migraine is a prevalent neurovascular brain disorder with a strong genetic component, and different methodological approaches have been implemented to identify the genes involved. This review focuses on pearls and pitfalls of these approaches and genetic findings in migraine. Summary Common forms of migraine (i.e. migraine with and without aura) are thought to have a polygenic make-up, whereas rare familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM) presents with a monogenic pattern of inheritance. Until a few years ago only studies in FHM yielded causal genes, which were identified by a classical linkage analysis approach. Functional analyses of FHM gene mutations in cellular and transgenic animal models suggest abnormal glutamatergic neurotransmission as a possible key disease mechanism. Recently, a number of genes were discovered for the common forms of migraine using a genome-wide association (GWA) approach, which sheds first light on the pathophysiological mechanisms involved. Conclusions Novel technological strategies such as next-generation sequencing, which can be implemented in future genetic migraine research, may aid the identification of novel FHM genes and promote the search for the missing heritability of common migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Else Eising
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - Boukje de Vries
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - Michel D Ferrari
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - Gisela M Terwindt
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - Arn MJM van den Maagdenberg
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, The Netherlands
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Garza-López E, González-Ramírez R, Gandini MA, Sandoval A, Felix R. The familial hemiplegic migraine type 1 mutation K1336E affects direct G protein-mediated regulation of neuronal P/Q-type Ca2+ channels. Cephalalgia 2013; 33:398-407. [PMID: 23430985 DOI: 10.1177/0333102412475236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Familial hemiplegic migraine type 1 (FHM-1) is an autosomal dominant form of migraine with aura characterized by recurrent migraine, hemiparesis and ataxia. FHM-1 has been linked to missense mutations in the CACNA1A gene encoding the pore-forming subunit of the neuronal voltage-gated P/Q-type Ca(2+) channel (CaV2.1α1). METHODS Here, we explored the effects of the FHM-1 K1336E mutation on G protein-dependent modulation of the recombinant P/Q-type channel. The mutation was introduced into the human CaV2.1α1 subunit and its functional consequences investigated after heterologous expression in HEK-293 cells using patch-clamp recordings. RESULTS Functional analysis of the K1336E mutation revealed a reduction of Ca(2+) current densities, a ∼10 mV left-shift in the current-voltage relationship, and the slowing of current inactivation kinetics. When co-expressed along with the human μ-opioid receptor, application of the agonist DAMGO inhibited whole-cell currents through both the wild-type and the mutant channels. Prepulse facilitation was also reduced by the K1336E mutation. Likewise, the kinetic analysis of the onset and decay of facilitation showed that the mutation affects the apparent dissociation and reassociation rates of the Gβγ dimer from the channel complex. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the extent of G-protein-mediated inhibition is significantly reduced in the K1336E mutant CaV2.1 Ca(2+) channels. This alteration would contribute to render the neuronal network hyperexcitable, possibly as a consequence of reduced presynaptic inhibition, and may help to explain some aspects of the FHM-1 pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Garza-López
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute Cinvestav-IPN, Mexico
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25
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Pietrobon D. Calcium channels and migraine. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2012; 1828:1655-65. [PMID: 23165010 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Revised: 10/26/2012] [Accepted: 11/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Missense mutations in CACNA1A, the gene that encodes the pore-forming α1 subunit of human voltage-gated Ca(V)2.1 (P/Q-type) calcium channels, cause a rare form of migraine with aura (familial hemiplegic migraine type 1: FHM1). Migraine is a common disabling brain disorder whose key manifestations are recurrent attacks of unilateral headache that may be preceded by transient neurological aura symptoms. This review, first, briefly summarizes current understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms that are believed to underlie migraine headache, migraine aura and the onset of a migraine attack, and briefly describes the localization and function of neuronal Ca(V)2.1 channels in the brain regions that have been implicated in migraine pathogenesis. Then, the review describes and discusses i) the functional consequences of FHM1 mutations on the biophysical properties of recombinant human Ca(V)2.1 channels and native Ca(V)2.1 channels in neurons of knockin mouse models carrying the mild R192Q or severe S218L mutations in the orthologous gene, and ii) the functional consequences of these mutations on neurophysiological processes in the cerebral cortex and trigeminovascular system thought to be involved in the pathophysiology of migraine, and the insights into migraine mechanisms obtained from the functional analysis of these processes in FHM1 knockin mice. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Calcium channels.
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26
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Gandini MA. Channeling headache: novel findings in the study of Ca(2+)-channels and FHM-1. Channels (Austin) 2012; 6:414-5. [PMID: 22991044 DOI: 10.4161/chan.22146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Familial hemiplegic migraine type 1 (FMH-1) is a rare form of migraine with aura, which is characterized by transient hemiparesis, sensory loss and visual disturbances. This monogenic disease shares many common features with classic migraine, suggesting a similar molecular pathophysiology. Migraine is triggered by activation and sensitization of the trigeminovascular system, specifically the trigeminal nociceptive afferents innervating the meninges. Aura migraine is associated with cortical spreading depression (CSD), which is a short-lasting intense wave of neuronal and glial cell depolarization that slowly progresses over the cortex and is followed by long-lasting neuronal activity depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- María A Gandini
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (Cinvestav-IPN), Mexico City, Mexico.
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