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Rezaie J, Chodari L, Mohammadpour-Asl S, Jafari A, Niknam Z. Cell-mediated barriers in cancer immunosurveillance. Life Sci 2024; 342:122528. [PMID: 38408406 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The immune cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) exert multifaceted functions ranging from tumor-antagonizing or tumor-promoting activities. During the initial phases of tumor development, the tumor-antagonizing immune cells in the TME combat cancer cells in an immune surveillance process. However, with time, cancer cells can evade detection and impede the immune cells' effectiveness through diverse mechanisms, such as decreasing immunogenic antigen presentation on their surfaces and/or secreting anti-immune factors that cause tolerance in TME. Moreover, some immune cells cause immunosuppressive situations and inhibit antitumoral immune responses. Physical and cellular-mediated barriers in the TME, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts, tumor endothelium, the altered lipid composition of tumor cells, and exosomes secreted from cancer cells, also mediate immunosuppression and prevent extravasation of immune cells. Due to successful clinical outcomes of cancer treatment strategies the potential barriers must be identified and addressed. We need to figure out how to optimize cancer immunotherapy strategies, and how to combine therapeutic approaches for maximum clinical benefit. This review provides a detailed overview of various cells and molecules in the TME, their association with escaping from immune surveillance, therapeutic targets, and future perspectives for improving cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jafar Rezaie
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Leila Chodari
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Shadi Mohammadpour-Asl
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Abbas Jafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Zahra Niknam
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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Pistritu DV, Vasiliniuc AC, Vasiliu A, Visinescu EF, Visoiu IE, Vizdei S, Martínez Anghel P, Tanca A, Bucur O, Liehn EA. Phospholipids, the Masters in the Shadows during Healing after Acute Myocardial Infarction. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098360. [PMID: 37176067 PMCID: PMC10178977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Phospholipids are major components of cell membranes with complex structures, high heterogeneity and critical biological functions and have been used since ancient times to treat cardiovascular disease. Their importance and role were shadowed by the difficulty or incomplete available research methodology to study their biological presence and functionality. This review focuses on the current knowledge about the roles of phospholipids in the pathophysiology and therapy of cardiovascular diseases, which have been increasingly recognized. Used in singular formulation or in inclusive combinations with current drugs, phospholipids proved their positive and valuable effects not only in the protection of myocardial tissue, inflammation and fibrosis but also in angiogenesis, coagulation or cardiac regeneration more frequently in animal models as well as in human pathology. Thus, while mainly neglected by the scientific community, phospholipids present negligible side effects and could represent an ideal target for future therapeutic strategies in healing myocardial infarction. Acknowledging and understanding their mechanisms of action could offer a new perspective into novel therapeutic strategies for patients suffering an acute myocardial infarction, reducing the burden and improving the general social and economic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Valentin Pistritu
- Victor Babes' National Institute of Pathology, 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Anda Vasiliu
- Victor Babes' National Institute of Pathology, 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena-Florentina Visinescu
- Faculty of Human Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana-Elena Visoiu
- Faculty of Human Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Smaranda Vizdei
- Faculty of Human Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Paula Martínez Anghel
- Victor Babes' National Institute of Pathology, 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
- Business Academy Aarhus, 30 Sønderhøj, 8260 Viby J, Denmark
| | - Antoanela Tanca
- Victor Babes' National Institute of Pathology, 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Human Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Octavian Bucur
- Victor Babes' National Institute of Pathology, 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
- Viron Molecular Medicine Institute, 201 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02108, USA
| | - Elisa Anamaria Liehn
- Victor Babes' National Institute of Pathology, 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 25 J.B Winsløws Vej, 5230 Odense, Denmark
- National Heart Center Singapore, 5 Hospital Dr., Singapore 169609, Singapore
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Wang H, Zhang Y, Wang J, Chen Y, Hou T, Zhao Y, Ma Z. The sphinganine C4-hydroxylase FgSur2 regulates sensitivity to azole antifungal agents and virulence of Fusarium graminearum. Microbiol Res 2023; 271:127347. [PMID: 36907072 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Lipid rafts consisting of ergosterol and sphingolipids in the lipid membrane of cells play important roles in various cellular processes. However, the functions of sphingolipids and their synthetic genes in phytopathogenic fungi have not been well understood yet. In this study, we conducted genome-wide searches and carried out systematic gene deletion analysis of the sphingolipid synthesis pathway in Fusarium graminearum, a causal agent of Fusarium head blight of wheat and other cereal crops worldwide. Mycelial growth assays showed that deletion of FgBAR1, FgLAC1, FgSUR2 or FgSCS7 resulted in markedly reduced hyphal growth. Fungicide sensitivity tests showed that the sphinganine C4-hydroxylase gene FgSUR2 deletion mutant (ΔFgSUR2) exhibited significantly increased susceptibility to azole fungicides. In addition, this mutant displayed a remarkable increase in cell membrane permeability. Importantly, ΔFgSUR2 was defective in deoxynivalenol (DON) toxisome formation, leading to dramatically decreased DON biosynthesis. Moreover, the deletion of FgSUR2 resulted in dramatically decreased virulence of the pathogen on host plants. Taken together, these results indicate that FgSUR2 plays an important role in regulating the susceptibility to azoles and virulence of F. graminearum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yueqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jingrui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tingjun Hou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Youfu Zhao
- Irrigated Agriculture Research and Extension Center, Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Prosser, WA 99350, USA
| | - Zhonghua Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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La Monica S, Coccé V, Bonelli M, Alessandri G, Alfieri R, Lagrasta CA, Frati C, Flammini L, Gianni A, Petrella F, Paino F, Pessina A. Micro-fragmented Fat Inhibits the Progression of Human Mesothelioma Xenografts in Mice. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2023; 23:663-668. [PMID: 36722476 DOI: 10.2174/1568009623666230201092302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant pleural mesothelioma is a pathology with no effective therapy and a poor prognosis. Our previous study demonstrated an in vitro inhibitory effect on mesothelioma cell lines of both the lysate and secretome of adipose tissue-derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. The inhibitory activity on tumor growth has been demonstrated also in vivo: five million Mesenchymal Stromal Cells, injected "in situ", produced a significant therapeutic efficacy against MSTO-211H xenograft equivalent to that observed after the systemic administration of paclitaxel. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of low amount (half a million) Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and micro-fragmented adipose tissues (the biological tissue from which the Mesenchymal Stromal Cells were isolated) on mesothelioma cells growth. METHODS Tumor cells growth inhibition was evaluated in vitro and in a xenograft model of mesothelioma. RESULTS The inhibitory effect of micro-fragmented fat from adipose-tissue has been firstly confirmed in vitro on MSTO-211H cell growth. Then the efficacy against the growth of mesothelioma xenografts in mice of both micro-fragmented fat and low amount of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells has been evaluated. Our results confirmed that both Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and micro-fragmented fat, injected "in situ", did not stimulate mesothelioma cell growth. By contrast, micro-fragmented fat produced a significant inhibition of tumor growth and progression, comparable to that observed by the treatment with paclitaxel. Low amount of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells exerted only a little anticancer activity. CONCLUSION Micro-fragmented fat inhibited mesothelioma cell proliferation in vitro and exerted a significant control of the mesothelioma xenograft growth in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia La Monica
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, Parma, 43126, Italy
| | - Valentina Coccé
- CRC StaMeTec, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via della Commenda 10, Milan, 20122, Italy
| | - Mara Bonelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, Parma, 43126, Italy
| | - Giulio Alessandri
- CRC StaMeTec, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via della Commenda 10, Milan, 20122, Italy
| | - Roberta Alfieri
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, Parma, 43126, Italy
| | | | - Caterina Frati
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, Parma, 43126, Italy
| | - Lisa Flammini
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, Parma, 43124, Italy
| | - Aldo Gianni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, Parma, 43126, Italy
| | - Francesco Petrella
- CRC StaMeTec, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via della Commenda 10, Milan, 20122, Italy
| | - Francesca Paino
- CRC StaMeTec, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via della Commenda 10, Milan, 20122, Italy
| | - Augusto Pessina
- CRC StaMeTec, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via della Commenda 10, Milan, 20122, Italy
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Liu S, Ju AQ, Duan AY, Zhan CL, Gao LP, Ma X, Yang SB. Presence of Ginsenoside Re during in vitro maturation protects porcine oocytes from heat stress. Reprod Domest Anim 2022; 57:1572-1583. [PMID: 36001037 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) affects the development of porcine gametes and embryos negatively, induces the decrease of reproductive ability significantly, threatens global pig production. Ginsenoside Re (GRe), is a main bioactive component of ginseng, shows very specific anti-apoptotic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. To investigate the alleviating effect of GRe on the in vitro maturation of porcine oocyte under the HS, the polar body extrusion rate, intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH), ATP content, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were assessed. For the current study, porcine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) randomly divided into four groups: the control, GRe, HS and HS+GRe group. The results showed that HS inhibited the cumulus cell expansion and polar body extrusion rate, the levels of GSH and MMP, the ATP content, the gene expression of Nrf2 of porcine oocytes and the parthenogenetic activation (PA) embryo development competence, but GRe treatment could partly neutralize these adverse effects. Moreover, HS increased the ROS formation and percentage of apoptosis, the gene expression of HSP90, CASP3 and CytoC of porcine oocytes, but GRe could weaken the effect on Cyto C and BAX expression induced by HS. Taken together, these results showed that the presence of GRe during in vitro maturation protects porcine oocytes from HS. These findings lay a foundation for GRe may be used as a potential protective drug to protect porcine oocytes against HS damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, China
| | - An-Qi Ju
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, China
| | - Ao-Yi Duan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, China
| | - Cheng-Lin Zhan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, China
| | - Le-Peng Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, China
| | - Xin Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, China
| | - Shu-Bao Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, China
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Zhao S, Tang Y, Wang R, Najafi M. Mechanisms of cancer cell death induction by paclitaxel: an updated review. Apoptosis 2022; 27:647-667. [PMID: 35849264 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-022-01750-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chemoresistance of cancer cells is a major problem in treating cancer. Knowledge of how cancer cells may die or resist cancer drugs is critical to providing certain strategies to overcome tumour resistance to treatment. Paclitaxel is known as a chemotherapy drug that can suppress the proliferation of cancer cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and induction of mitotic catastrophe. However, today, it is well known that paclitaxel can induce multiple kinds of cell death in cancers. Besides the induction of mitotic catastrophe that occurs during mitosis, paclitaxel has been shown to induce the expression of several pro-apoptosis mediators. It also can modulate the activity of anti-apoptosis mediators. However, certain cell-killing mechanisms such as senescence and autophagy can increase resistance to paclitaxel. This review focuses on the mechanisms of cell death, including apoptosis, mitotic catastrophe, senescence, autophagic cell death, pyroptosis, etc., following paclitaxel treatment. In addition, mechanisms of resistance to cell death due to exposure to paclitaxel and the use of combinations to overcome drug resistance will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, 422000, Hunan, China.
| | - Yufei Tang
- College of Medical Technology, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, 422000, Hunan, China
| | - Ruohan Wang
- School of Nursing, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, 422000, Hunan, China.
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Medical Technology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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7
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DiPasquale M, Deering TG, Desai D, Sharma AK, Amin S, Fox TE, Kester M, Katsaras J, Marquardt D, Heberle FA. Influence of ceramide on lipid domain stability studied with small-angle neutron scattering: The role of acyl chain length and unsaturation. Chem Phys Lipids 2022; 245:105205. [PMID: 35483419 PMCID: PMC9320172 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2022.105205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ceramides and diacylglycerols are groups of lipids capable of nucleating and stabilizing ordered lipid domains, structures that have been implicated in a range of biological processes. Previous studies have used fluorescence reporter molecules to explore the influence of ceramide acyl chain structure on sphingolipid-rich ordered phases. Here, we use small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) to examine the ability of ceramides and diacylglycerols to promote lipid domain formation in the well-characterized domain-forming mixture DPPC/DOPC/cholesterol. SANS is a powerful, probe-free technique for interrogating membrane heterogeneity, as it is differentially sensitive to hydrogen's stable isotopes protium and deuterium. Specifically, neutron contrast is generated through selective deuteration of lipid species, thus enabling the detection of nanoscopic domains enriched in deuterated saturated lipids dispersed in a matrix of protiated unsaturated lipids. Using large unilamellar vesicles, we found that upon replacing 10 mol% DPPC with either C16:0 or C18:0 ceramide, or 16:0 diacylglycerol (dag), lipid domains persisted to higher temperatures. However, when DPPC was replaced with short chain (C6:0 or C12:0) or very long chain (C24:0) ceramides, or ceramides with unsaturated acyl chains of any length (C6:1(3), C6:1(5), C18:1, and C24:1), as well as C18:1-dag, lipid domains were destabilized, melting at lower temperatures than those in the DPPC/DOPC/cholesterol system. These results show how ceramide acyl chain length and unsaturation influence lipid domains and have implications for how cell membranes might modify their function through the generation of different ceramide species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell DiPasquale
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor N9B 3P4, ON, Canada
| | - Tye G Deering
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22908, VA, USA
| | - Dhimant Desai
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State University, University Park 16801, PA, USA
| | - Arun K Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State University, University Park 16801, PA, USA
| | - Shantu Amin
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State University, University Park 16801, PA, USA
| | - Todd E Fox
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22908, VA, USA
| | - Mark Kester
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22908, VA, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22908, VA, USA
| | - John Katsaras
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge 37831, TN, USA; Joint Institute for Neutron Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge 37831, TN, USA; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996, TN, USA.
| | - Drew Marquardt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor N9B 3P4, ON, Canada; Department of Physics, University of Windsor, Windsor N9B 3P4, ON, Canada.
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High-throughput metabolomics reveals dysregulation of hydrophobic metabolomes in cancer cell lines by Eleusine indica. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9347. [PMID: 35668092 PMCID: PMC9168358 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13575-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Eleusine indica, which is used in traditional medicine, exhibits antiproliferative activity against several cancer cell lines. However, metabolomic studies to evaluate the metabolite changes induced by E. indica in cancer cells are still lacking. The present study investigated the anticancer effects of a root fraction of E. indica (R-S5-C1-H1) on H1299, MCF-7, and SK-HEP-1 cell lines and analyzed metabolic changes in the treated cancer cells using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS). Cell metabolic activity assays demonstrated that the cell viability of the three cancer cell lines was significantly reduced following treatment with R-S5-C1-H1, with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations values of 12.95 µg/mL, 15.99 µg/mL, and 13.69 µg/mL at 72 h, respectively. Microscopy analysis using Hoechst 33342 and Annexin V fluorescent dyes revealed that cells treated with R-S5-C1-H1 underwent apoptotic cell death, while chemometric analysis suggested that apoptosis was triggered 48 h after treatment with R-S5-C1-H1. Deconvoluted cellular metabolomics revealed that hydrophobic metabolites were significantly altered, including triacylglycerols, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, sphingomyelin, and ceramide, suggesting that apoptosis induction by R-S5-C1-H1 potentially occurred through modulation of phospholipid synthesis and sphingolipid metabolism. These metabolomic profiling results provide new insights into the anticancer mechanisms of E. indica and facilitate the overall understanding of molecular events following therapeutic interventions.
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9
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The unfolding role of ceramide in coordinating retinoid-based cancer therapy. Biochem J 2021; 478:3621-3642. [PMID: 34648006 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipid-mediated regulation in cancer development and treatment is largely ceramide-centered with the complex sphingolipid metabolic pathways unfolding as attractive targets for anticancer drug discovery. The dynamic interconversion of sphingolipids is tightly controlled at the level of enzymes and cellular compartments in response to endogenous or exogenous stimuli, such as anticancer drugs, including retinoids. Over the past two decades, evidence emerged that retinoids owe part of their potency in cancer therapy to modulation of sphingolipid metabolism and ceramide generation. Ceramide has been proposed as a 'tumor-suppressor lipid' that orchestrates cell growth, cell cycle arrest, cell death, senescence, autophagy, and metastasis. There is accumulating evidence that cancer development is promoted by the dysregulation of tumor-promoting sphingolipids whereas cancer treatments can kill tumor cells by inducing the accumulation of endogenous ceramide levels. Resistance to cancer therapy may develop due to a disrupted equilibrium between the opposing roles of tumor-suppressor and tumor-promoter sphingolipids. Despite the undulating effect and complexity of sphingolipid pathways, there are emerging opportunities for a plethora of enzyme-targeted therapeutic interventions that overcome resistance resulting from perturbed sphingolipid pathways. Here, we have revisited the interconnectivity of sphingolipid metabolism and the instrumental role of ceramide-biosynthetic and degradative enzymes, including bioactive sphingolipid products, how they closely relate to cancer treatment and pathogenesis, and the interplay with retinoid signaling in cancer. We focused on retinoid targeting, alone or in combination, of sphingolipid metabolism nodes in cancer to enhance ceramide-based therapeutics. Retinoid and ceramide-based cancer therapy using novel strategies such as combination treatments, synthetic retinoids, ceramide modulators, and delivery formulations hold promise in the battle against cancer.
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Shammout ODA, Ashmawy NS, Shakartalla SB, Altaie AM, Semreen MH, Omar HA, Soliman SSM. Comparative sphingolipidomic analysis reveals significant differences between doxorubicin-sensitive and -resistance MCF-7 cells. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258363. [PMID: 34637456 PMCID: PMC8509934 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is responsible for the failure of many available anticancer drugs. Several studies have demonstrated the association between the alteration in sphingolipids (SPLs) and the development of drug resistance. To investigate the association between SPLs metabolism and doxorubicin (dox)-resistance in MCF-7 cells, a comparative sphingolipidomics analysis between dox-sensitive (parental) and -resistant MCF-7 cell lines along with validation by gene expression analysis were conducted. A total of 31 SPLs representing 5 subcategories were identified. The data obtained revealed that SPLs were clustered into two groups differentiating parental from dox-resistant cells. Eight SPLs were significantly altered in response to dox-resistance including SM (d18:1/16), SM (d18:1/24:2), SM (d18:1/24:0), SM (d18:1/20:0), SM (d18:1/23:1), HexCer (d18:1/24:0), SM (d18:1/15:0), DHSM (d18:0/20:0). The current study is the first to conclusively ascertain the potential involvement of dysregulated SPLs in dox-resistance in MCF-7 cells. SPLs metabolism in dox-resistant MCF-7 cells is oriented toward the downregulation of ceramides (Cer) and the concomitant increase in sphingomyelin (SM). Gene expression analysis has revealed that dox-resistant cells tend to escape from the Cer-related apoptosis by the activation of SM-Cer and GluCer-LacCer-ganglioside pathways. The enzymes that were correlated to the alteration in SPLs metabolism of dox-resistant MCF-7 cells and significantly altered in gene expression can represent potential targets that can represent a winning strategy for the future development of promising anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola D. A. Shammout
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Naglaa S. Ashmawy
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- Pharmacy Department, City University College of Ajman, Ajman, UAE
| | - Sarra B. Shakartalla
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wadmedani, Sudan
| | - Alaa M. Altaie
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad H. Semreen
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hany A. Omar
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Sameh S. M. Soliman
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- * E-mail:
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Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor Antagonists and Cancer: The Current Trends, Clinical Implications, and Trials. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071629. [PMID: 34209775 PMCID: PMC8306951 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive lipid mediator primarily derived from membrane phospholipids. LPA initiates cellular effects upon binding to a family of G protein-coupled receptors, termed LPA receptors (LPAR1 to LPAR6). LPA signaling drives cell migration and proliferation, cytokine production, thrombosis, fibrosis, angiogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis. Since the expression and function of LPA receptors are critical for cellular effects, selective antagonists may represent a potential treatment for a broad range of illnesses, such as cardiovascular diseases, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, voiding dysfunctions, and various types of cancers. More new LPA receptor antagonists have shown their therapeutic potentials, although most are still in the preclinical trial stage. This review provided integrative information and summarized preclinical findings and recent clinical trials of different LPA receptor antagonists in cancer progression and resistance. Targeting LPA receptors can have potential applications in clinical patients with various diseases, including cancer.
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12
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Almomen A, Arafah M, Alwhaibi M, Alsaigh N, Alshememry A, Alsaleh NB, Alrabeeah D, Al Saleh K, Alshamsan A, Alkholief M. Ceramide expression in relation to breast cancer molecular subtypes in Saudi women. Saudi Pharm J 2021; 29:609-615. [PMID: 34194268 PMCID: PMC8233535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2021.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Introduction Despite advances in the diagnosis and management of breast cancer (BC), it is still associated with high mortality rates. New biomarkers are being developed for the diagnosis, treatment, and prediction of responses of BC. Ceramide (CER), a bioactive sphingolipid, has emerged recently as a useful diagnostic tool in several types of tumors. In this study, we evaluated CER expression in invasive BC and assessed its relation to the molecular subtypes of BC. Materials and methods The clinical data and histopathological slides of 50 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma were retrieved and reviewed. The cases were then stained with a mouse monoclonal anti-ceramide antibody. Pearson correlation was used to assess the correlation between CER percentage and intensity and other clinical and pathological variables. Results CER expression showed a direct relationship with estrogen and progesterone receptors Allred scores. However, it showed an inverse relation with tumor grade, HER2/neu status and Ki-67 index. Conclusions CER expression is likely to be associated with luminal BC molecular subtypes. However, more research is needed to confirm these results and to explore its relation to the different clinical outcomes, including response to treatment and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliyah Almomen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia.,Nanobiotechnology Unit, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maria Arafah
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Monira Alwhaibi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11149, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah Alsaigh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alshememry
- Nanobiotechnology Unit, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser B Alsaleh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Danah Alrabeeah
- Departmnet of Pharmaceutical Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh 12233, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Al Saleh
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Oncology Center, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aws Alshamsan
- Nanobiotechnology Unit, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Musaed Alkholief
- Nanobiotechnology Unit, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Restoration of ceramide de novo synthesis by the synthetic retinoid ST1926 as it induces adult T-cell leukemia cell death. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:226649. [PMID: 33048123 PMCID: PMC7593536 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20200050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceramide (Cer) is a bioactive cellular lipid with compartmentalized and tightly regulated levels. Distinct metabolic pathways lead to the generation of Cer species with distinguishable roles in oncogenesis. Deregulation of Cer pathways has emerged as an important mechanism for acquired chemotherapeutic resistance. Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) cells are defective in Cer synthesis. ATL is an aggressive neoplasm that develops following infection with human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1) where the viral oncogene Tax contributes to the pathogenesis of the disease. ATL cells, resistant to all-trans-retinoic acid, are sensitive to pharmacologically achievable concentrations of the synthetic retinoid ST1926. We studied the effects of ST1926 on Cer pathways in ATL cells. ST1926 treatment resulted in early Tax oncoprotein degradation in HTLV-1-treated cells. ST1926 induced cell death and a dose- and time-dependent accumulation of Cer in malignant T cells. The kinetics and degree of Cer production showed an early response upon ST1926 treatment. ST1926 enhanced de novo Cer synthesis via activation of ceramide synthase CerS(s) without inhibiting dihydroceramide desaturase, thereby accumulating Cer rather than the less bioactive dihydroceramide. Using labeling experiments with the unnatural 17-carbon sphinganine and measuring the generated Cer species, we showed that ST1926 preferentially induces the activities of a distinct set of CerS(s). We detected a delay in cell death response and interruption of Cer generation in response to ST1926 in Molt-4 cells overexpressing Bcl-2. These results highlight the potential role of ST1926 in inducing Cer levels, thus lowering the threshold for cell death in ATL cells.
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14
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Lee S, Kang HG, Jeong PS, Kim MJ, Park SH, Song BS, Sim BW, Kim SU. Heat stress impairs oocyte maturation through ceramide-mediated apoptosis in pigs. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 755:144144. [PMID: 33288257 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) is an emerging issue that greatly impairs the reproductive performance of animals and humans. In particular, disruption of oocyte maturation due to HS is considered a major cause of impaired reproductive performance. HS is known to induce ceramide generation, which causes reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial dysfunction, thereby inducing apoptosis. Therefore, we investigated whether inhibition of ceramide generation ameliorates HS-induced apoptosis in porcine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) using specific inhibitors of the de novo (fumonisin B1, FB1) and hydrolytic pathways (desipramine, Des) of ceramide formation. We investigated the effects of FB1 and Des supplementation under HS conditions (41.5 °C for 44 h) on in vitro maturation (IVM) of porcine COCs. After IVM, HS significantly reduced proportion of COCs exhibiting fully expanded cumulus cells and the rate of metaphase II in oocytes. After parthenogenetic activation (PA), HS significantly reduced the rates of cleavage and blastocyst formation with a lower total cell number and a higher percentage of apoptosis in blastocysts. However, FB1 or Des supplementation under HS avoided detrimental effects of HS on expansion of cumulus cells, nuclear maturation of oocytes, and embryonic development after PA including the rates of cleavage and blastocyst formation, total cell number, and the percentage of apoptosis in blastocysts. Furthermore, FB1 or Des addition under HS, compared with HS alone, significantly decreased ceramide generation, ROS production, cytochrome C expression, and apoptosis and increased mitochondrial membrane potential in COCs, reaching levels comparable with those of the control. Taken together, our results indicate that HS impaired oocyte maturation through ceramide-mediated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghoon Lee
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Gu Kang
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Pil-Soo Jeong
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ju Kim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hyun Park
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Seok Song
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Woong Sim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Republic of Korea; National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Uk Kim
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Republic of Korea; National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Republic of Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Mishra SK, Bae YS, Lee YM, Kim JS, Oh SH, Kim HM. Sesquiterpene Alcohol Cedrol Chemosensitizes Human Cancer Cells and Suppresses Cell Proliferation by Destabilizing Plasma Membrane Lipid Rafts. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:571676. [PMID: 33585438 PMCID: PMC7874189 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.571676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemosensitization of cancer cells with small molecules may improve the therapeutic index of antitumoral agents by making tumor cells sensitive to the drug regimen and thus overcome the treatment resistance and side effects of single therapy. Cell membrane lipid rafts are known to transduce various signaling events in cell proliferation. Sensitizing cancer cells may cause modulation of membrane lipid rafts which may potentially be used in improving anticancer drug response. Cedrol, a natural sesquiterpene alcohol, was used to treat human leukemia K562 and colon cancer HT-29 cell lines, and effects were observed. Cedrol decreased the cell viability by inducing apoptosis in both cell lines by activation of pro-apoptosis protein BID and inhibition of anti-apoptosis proteins Bcl-XL, Bcl-2, and XIAP. Cedrol activated the caspase-9-dependent mitochondrial intrinsic pathway of apoptosis. Furthermore, cedrol inhibited the levels of pAKT, pERK, and pmTOR proteins as well as nuclear and cytoplasmic levels of the p65 subunit of NF-κB. Cedrol caused redistribution of cholesterol and sphingomyelin contents from membrane lipid raft, which was confirmed by a combined additive effect with methyl-β-cyclodextrin (lipid raft-disrupting agent). Lipid raft destabilization by cedrol led to the increased production of ceramides and inhibition of membrane-bound NADPH oxidase 2 enzyme activity. Cholesterol/sphingomyelin-redistributing abilities of cedrol appear as a novel mechanism of growth inhibition of cancer cells. Cedrol can be classified as a natural lipid raft-disrupting agent with possibilities to be used in general studies involving membrane lipid raft modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhartha Kumar Mishra
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea.,Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, India.,Department of Life Sciences, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, India
| | - Yun Soo Bae
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong-Moon Lee
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Kim
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Seung Hyun Oh
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Hwan Mook Kim
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
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16
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Wang W, Bai L, Li W, Cui J. The Lipid Metabolic Landscape of Cancers and New Therapeutic Perspectives. Front Oncol 2020; 10:605154. [PMID: 33364199 PMCID: PMC7753360 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.605154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism reprograming, as a hallmark of malignancy, has received renewed interest in recent years in such areas as energy sources, cell membrane components, and signaling molecules involved in the rapid tumor growth and the adaptation to the tumor microenvironment. Lipid metabolism deregulation in cancer involves multiple aspects, including an increased lipid uptake, endogenous de novo fatty acid synthesis, fatty acid oxidation, and cholesterol accumulation, thereby promoting tumor growth and progression. Recent advances in the understanding of specific metabolic alterations in cancer reveal novel pathogenesis mechanisms and a growing number of drugs targeting lipid metabolism have been applied in anti-tumor therapy. Thus, this review discusses the lipid metabolic landscape of cancers and the interplay with oncogenic signaling, and summarizes potential therapeutic targets to improve the therapeutic efficiency in cancer patients, in order to provide more reference and thinking for the treatment of lipid metabolism of cancer patients.
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17
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Deciphering Fatty Acid Synthase Inhibition-Triggered Metabolic Flexibility in Prostate Cancer Cells through Untargeted Metabolomics. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112447. [PMID: 33182594 PMCID: PMC7697567 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid synthase (FAS) is a key enzyme involved in de novo lipogenesis that produces lipids that are necessary for cell growth and signal transduction, and it is known to be overexpressed, especially in cancer cells. Although lipid metabolism alteration is an important metabolic phenotype in cancer cells, the development of drugs targeting FAS to block lipid synthesis is hampered by the characteristics of cancer cells with metabolic flexibility leading to rapid adaptation and resistance. Therefore, to confirm the metabolic alterations at the cellular level during FAS inhibition, we treated LNCaP-LN3 prostate cancer cells with FAS inhibitors (Fasnall, GSK2194069, and TVB-3166). With untargeted metabolomics, we observed significant changes in a total of 56 metabolites in the drug-treated groups. Among the altered metabolites, 28 metabolites were significantly changed in all of the drug-treated groups. To our surprise, despite the inhibition of FAS, which is involved in palmitate production, the cells increase their fatty acids and glycerophospholipids contents endogenously. Also, some of the notable changes in the metabolic pathways include polyamine metabolism and energy metabolism. This is the first study to compare and elucidate the effect of FAS inhibition on cellular metabolic flexibility using three different FAS inhibitors through metabolomics. We believe that our results may provide key data for the development of future FAS-targeting drugs.
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18
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Klein K, He K, Younes AI, Barsoumian HB, Chen D, Ozgen T, Mosaffa S, Patel RR, Gu M, Novaes J, Narayanan A, Cortez MA, Welsh JW. Role of Mitochondria in Cancer Immune Evasion and Potential Therapeutic Approaches. Front Immunol 2020; 11:573326. [PMID: 33178201 PMCID: PMC7596324 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.573326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of mitochondria in cancer formation and progression has been studied extensively, but much remains to be understood about this complex relationship. Mitochondria regulate many processes that are known to be altered in cancer cells, from metabolism to oxidative stress to apoptosis. Here, we review the evolving understanding of the role of mitochondria in cancer cells, and highlight key evidence supporting the role of mitochondria in cancer immune evasion and the effects of mitochondria-targeted antitumor therapy. Also considered is how knowledge of the role of mitochondria in cancer can be used to design and improve cancer therapies, particularly immunotherapy and radiation therapy. We further offer critical insights into the mechanisms by which mitochondria influence tumor immune responses, not only in cancer cells but also in immune cells. Given the central role of mitochondria in the complex interactions between cancer and the immune system, high priority should be placed on developing rational strategies to address mitochondria as potential targets in future preclinical and clinical studies. We believe that targeting mitochondria may provide additional opportunities in the development of novel antitumor therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Klein
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.,McGovern Medical School at UTHealth, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Kewen He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ahmed I Younes
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Hampartsoum B Barsoumian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Dawei Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tugce Ozgen
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sara Mosaffa
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Roshal R Patel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Meidi Gu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jose Novaes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Aarthi Narayanan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Maria Angelica Cortez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - James W Welsh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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19
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Szlasa W, Zendran I, Zalesińska A, Tarek M, Kulbacka J. Lipid composition of the cancer cell membrane. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2020; 52:321-342. [PMID: 32715369 PMCID: PMC7520422 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-020-09846-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cell possesses numerous adaptations to resist the immune system response and chemotherapy. One of the most significant properties of the neoplastic cells is the altered lipid metabolism, and consequently, the abnormal cell membrane composition. Like in the case of phosphatidylcholine, these changes result in the modulation of certain enzymes and accumulation of energetic material, which could be used for a higher proliferation rate. The changes are so prominent, that some lipids, such as phosphatidylserines, could even be considered as the cancer biomarkers. Additionally, some changes of biophysical properties of cell membranes lead to the higher resistance to chemotherapy, and finally to the disturbances in signalling pathways. Namely, the increased levels of certain lipids, like for instance phosphatidylserine, lead to the attenuation of the immune system response. Also, changes in lipid saturation prevent the cells from demanding conditions of the microenvironment. Particularly interesting is the significance of cell membrane cholesterol content in the modulation of metastasis. This review paper discusses the roles of each lipid type in cancer physiology. The review combined theoretical data with clinical studies to show novel therapeutic options concerning the modulation of cell membranes in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Szlasa
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Iga Zendran
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Mounir Tarek
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LPCT, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.
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20
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Li L, Wang H, Jones JW. Sphingolipid metabolism as a marker of hepatotoxicity in drug-induced liver injury. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2020; 151:106484. [PMID: 33007444 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2020.106484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) has a substantial impact on human health and is a major monetary burden on the drug development process. Presently, there is a lack of robust and analytically validated markers for predicting and early diagnosis of DILI. Sphingolipid metabolism and subsequent disruption of sphingolipid homeostasis has been documented to play a key role contributing to hepatocellular death and subsequent liver injury. A more comprehensive understanding of sphingolipid metabolism in response to liver toxicity has great potential to gain mechanistic insight into hepatotoxicity and define molecular markers that are responsible for hepatocyte dysfunction. Here, we present an analytical platform that provides multidimensional mass spectrometry-based datasets for comprehensive structure characterization of sphingolipids extracted from human primary hepatocytes (HPH) exposed to toxic levels of acetaminophen (APAP). Sphingolipid metabolism as measured by characterization of individual sphingolipid structure was sensitive to APAP toxicity displaying a concentration-dependent response. A number of sphingolipid structures were differentially expressed across varying APAP exposures highlighting the unique role sphingolipid metabolism has in response to hepatotoxicity and its potential use as a molecular marker in DILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhao Li
- University of Maryland, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Hongbing Wang
- University of Maryland, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jace W Jones
- University of Maryland, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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21
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Abdelhameed RFA, Eltamany EE, Hal DM, Ibrahim AK, AboulMagd AM, Al-Warhi T, Youssif KA, Abd El-Kader AM, Hassanean HA, Fayez S, Bringmann G, Ahmed SA, Abdelmohsen UR. New Cytotoxic Cerebrosides from the Red Sea Cucumber Holothuria spinifera Supported by In-Silico Studies. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E405. [PMID: 32752177 PMCID: PMC7460232 DOI: 10.3390/md18080405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactivity-guided fractionation of a methanolic extract of the Red Sea cucumber Holothuria spinifera and LC-HRESIMS-assisted dereplication resulted in the isolation of four compounds, three new cerebrosides, spiniferosides A (1), B (2), and C (3), and cholesterol sulfate (4). The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were established on the basis of their 1D NMR and HRMS spectral data. Metabolic profiling of the H. spinifera extract indicated the presence of diverse secondary metabolites, mostly hydroxy fatty acids, diterpenes, triterpenes, and cerebrosides. The isolated compounds were tested for their in vitro cytotoxicities against the breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cell line. Compounds 1, 2, 3, and 4 displayed promising cytotoxic activities against MCF-7 cells, with IC50 values of 13.83, 8.13, 8.27, and 35.56 µM, respectively, compared to that of the standard drug doxorubicin (IC50 8.64 µM). Additionally, docking studies were performed for compounds 1, 2, 3, and 4 to elucidate their binding interactions with the active site of the SET protein, an inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), which could explain their cytotoxic activity. This study highlights the important role of these metabolites in the defense mechanism of the sea cucumber against fouling organisms and the potential uses of these active molecules in the design of new anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reda F A Abdelhameed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Enas E Eltamany
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Dina M Hal
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Amany K Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Asmaa M AboulMagd
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni Suef 62513, Egypt
| | - Tarfah Al-Warhi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 13414, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khayrya A Youssif
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Adel M Abd El-Kader
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, New Minia 61111, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Hashim A Hassanean
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa Fayez
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Safwat A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, New Minia 61111, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
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22
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Yang D, Yang X, Li Y, Zhao P, Fu R, Ren T, Hu P, Wu Y, Yang H, Guo N. Clinical significance of circulating tumor cells and metabolic signatures in lung cancer after surgical removal. J Transl Med 2020; 18:243. [PMID: 32552826 PMCID: PMC7301449 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02401-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer (LC) remains the deadliest form of cancer globally. While surgery remains the optimal treatment strategy for individuals with early-stage LC, what the metabolic consequences are of such surgical intervention remains uncertain. Methods Negative enrichment-fluorescence in situ hybridization (NE-FISH) was used in an effort to detect circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in pre- and post-surgery peripheral blood samples from 51 LC patients. In addition, targeted metabolomics analyses, multivariate statistical analyses, and pathway analyses were used to explore surgery-associated metabolic changes. Results LC patients had significantly higher CTC counts relative to healthy controls with 66.67% of LC patients having at least 1 detected CTC before surgery. CTC counts were associated with clinical outcomes following surgery. In a targeted metabolomics analysis, we detected 34 amino acids, 147 lipids, and 24 fatty acids. When comparing LC patients before and after surgery to control patients, metabolic shifts were detected via PLS-DA and pathway analysis. Further surgery-associated metabolic changes were identified when comparing LA (LC patients after surgery) and LB (LC patients before surgery) groups. We identified SM 42:4, Ser, Sar, Gln, and LPC 18:0 for inclusion in a biomarker panel for early-stage LC detection based upon an AUC of 0.965 (95% CI 0.900–1.000). This analysis revealed that SM 42:2, SM 35:1, PC (16:0/14:0), PC (14:0/16:1), Cer (d18:1/24:1), and SM 38:3 may offer diagnostic and prognostic benefits in LC. Conclusions These findings suggest that CTC detection and plasma metabolite profiling may be an effective means of diagnosing early-stage LC and identifying patients at risk for disease recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Yang
- Zhong Yuan Academy of Biological Medicine, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofang Yang
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- Zhong Yuan Academy of Biological Medicine, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Peige Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Rao Fu
- Zhong Yuan Academy of Biological Medicine, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianying Ren
- Zhong Yuan Academy of Biological Medicine, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Hu
- Zhong Yuan Academy of Biological Medicine, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Wu
- Zhong Yuan Academy of Biological Medicine, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjun Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China.
| | - Na Guo
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China. .,State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Shandong, 276006, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Tang X, Benesch MGK, Brindley DN. Role of the autotaxin-lysophosphatidate axis in the development of resistance to cancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158716. [PMID: 32305571 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Autotaxin (ATX) is a secreted enzyme that hydrolyzes lysophosphatidylcholine to produce lysophosphatidate (LPA), which signals through six G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Signaling through LPA is terminated by its degradation by a family of three lipid phosphate phosphatases (LPPs). LPP1 also attenuates signaling downstream of the activation of LPA receptors and some other GPCRs. The ATX-LPA axis mediates a plethora of activities such as cell proliferation, survival, migration, angiogenesis and inflammation, which perform an important role in facilitating wound healing. This wound healing response is hijacked by cancers where there is decreased expression of LPP1 and LPP3 and increased expression of ATX. This maladaptive regulation of LPA signaling also causes chronic inflammation, which has been recognized as one of the hallmarks in cancer. The increased LPA signaling promotes cell survival and migration and attenuates apoptosis, which stimulates tumor growth and metastasis. The wound healing functions of increased LPA signaling also protect cancer cells from effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In this review, we will summarize knowledge of the ATX-LPA axis and its role in the development of resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. We will also offer insights for developing strategies of targeting ATX-LPA axis as a novel part of cancer treatment. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Lysophospholipids and their receptors: New data and new insights into their function edited by Susan Smyth, Viswanathan Natarajan and Colleen McMullen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Tang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2S2, Canada; Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Matthew G K Benesch
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2S2, Canada; Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2S2, Canada; Discipline of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - David N Brindley
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2S2, Canada; Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2S2, Canada.
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24
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Zhu WK, Xu WH, Wang J, Huang YQ, Abudurexiti M, Qu YY, Zhu YP, Zhang HL, Ye DW. Decreased SPTLC1 expression predicts worse outcomes in ccRCC patients. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:1552-1562. [PMID: 31512789 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Serine palmitoyltransferase, long chain base subunit 1 (SPTLC1) catalyzes the first step in sphingolipid synthesis and has been implicated in the progression of various cancers. However, its role in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains unclear. Here, we investigated the expression and prognostic value of SPTLC1 in ccRCC. METHODS Three ccRCC patient cohorts were studied. ccRCC and adjacent normal kidney tissue samples were obtained from 183 patients at the Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) and subjected to immunohistochemical staining and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction to evaluate SPTLC1 protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. Two validation cohorts consisting of mRNA and clinicopathological data sets from patients with ccRCC were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA, n = 429) and Oncomine (n = 178) databases. Associations between low and high SPTLC1 mRNA and protein expression and survival were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. Independent prognostic factors were identified using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. RESULTS SPTLC1 mRNA or protein were expressed at significantly lower levels in ccRCC tissues compared with normal kidney tissues in all three patient cohorts (P < .001). Low SPTLC1 expression was significantly associated with shorter overall survival in the FUSCC (P = .041) and Oncomine (P < .001) cohorts, and was significantly associated with shorter overall survival (P < .0001) and progression-free survival (P < .001) in the TCGA cohort. Bioinformatics analysis identified 10 genes significantly coregulated with SPTLC1 in ccRCC, most of which contributed to sphingomyelin metabolism (SPTLC2, SPTLC3, SPTSSA, SPTSSB, ORMDL1, ORMDL2, ORMDL3, ZDHHC9, GOLGA7B, and KDSR). Functional enrichment analysis predicted that SPTLC1 and its network play significant roles in inflammatory, hypoxia, and interferon gamma responses, and in allograft rejection pathways. CONCLUSION Low SPTLC1 expression is significantly associated with disease progression and poor survival in patients with ccRCC, suggesting that SPTLC1 may function as a tumor suppressor. Thus, SPTLC1 could be a potential new biomarker and/or therapeutic target for ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Kai Zhu
- Institutes of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Hao Xu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Huang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mierxiati Abudurexiti
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Qu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Ping Zhu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Liang Zhang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ding-Wei Ye
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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25
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Ceramide Domains in Health and Disease: A Biophysical Perspective. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1159:79-108. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-21162-2_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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26
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Alrbyawi H, Poudel I, Dash RP, Srinivas NR, Tiwari AK, Arnold RD, Babu RJ. Role of Ceramides in Drug Delivery. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:287. [PMID: 31410612 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1497-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceramides belong to the sphingolipid group of lipids, which serve as both intracellular and intercellular messengers and as regulatory molecules that play essential roles in signal transduction, inflammation, angiogenesis, and metabolic disorders such as diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer cell degeneration. Ceramides also play an important structural role in cell membranes by increasing their rigidity, creating micro-domains (rafts and caveolae), and altering membrane permeability; all these events are involved in the cell signaling. Ceramides constitute approximately half of the lipid composition in the human skin contributing to barrier function as well as epidermal signaling as they affect both proliferation and apoptosis of keratinocytes. Incorporation of ceramides in topical preparations as functional lipids appears to alter skin barrier functions. Ceramides also appear to enhance the bioavailability of drugs by acting as lipid delivery systems. They appear to regulate the ocular inflammation signaling, and external ceramides have shown relief in the anterior and posterior eye disorders. Ceramides play a structural role in liposome formulations and enhance the cellular uptake of amphiphilic drugs, such as chemotherapies. This review presents an overview of the various biological functions of ceramides, and their utility in topical, oral, ocular, and chemotherapeutic drug delivery.
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Mortezaee K, Salehi E, Mirtavoos-Mahyari H, Motevaseli E, Najafi M, Farhood B, Rosengren RJ, Sahebkar A. Mechanisms of apoptosis modulation by curcumin: Implications for cancer therapy. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:12537-12550. [PMID: 30623450 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer incidences are growing and cause millions of deaths worldwide. Cancer therapy is one of the most important challenges in medicine. Improving therapeutic outcomes from cancer therapy is necessary for increasing patients' survival and quality of life. Adjuvant therapy using various types of antibodies or immunomodulatory agents has suggested modulating tumor response. Resistance to apoptosis is the main reason for radioresistance and chemoresistance of most of the cancers, and also one of the pivotal targets for improving cancer therapy is the modulation of apoptosis signaling pathways. Apoptosis can be induced by intrinsic or extrinsic pathways via stimulation of several targets, such as membrane receptors of tumor necrosis factor-α and transforming growth factor-β, and also mitochondria. Curcumin is a naturally derived agent that induces apoptosis in a variety of different tumor cell lines. Curcumin also activates redox reactions within cells inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production that leads to the upregulation of apoptosis receptors on the tumor cell membrane. Curcumin can also upregulate the expression and activity of p53 that inhibits tumor cell proliferation and increases apoptosis. Furthermore, curcumin has a potent inhibitory effect on the activity of NF-κB and COX-2, which are involved in the overexpression of antiapoptosis genes such as Bcl-2. It can also attenuate the regulation of antiapoptosis PI3K signaling and increase the expression of MAPKs to induce endogenous production of ROS. In this paper, we aimed to review the molecular mechanisms of curcumin-induced apoptosis in cancer cells. This action of curcumin could be applicable for use as an adjuvant in combination with other modalities of cancer therapy including radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keywan Mortezaee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Ensieh Salehi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanifeh Mirtavoos-Mahyari
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Motevaseli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Science, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Bagher Farhood
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Rhonda J Rosengren
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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28
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Basu SS, Randall EC, Regan MS, Lopez BG, Clark AR, Schmitt ND, Agar JN, Dillon DA, Agar NYR. In Vitro Liquid Extraction Surface Analysis Mass Spectrometry (ivLESA-MS) for Direct Metabolic Analysis of Adherent Cells in Culture. Anal Chem 2018; 90:4987-4991. [PMID: 29608279 PMCID: PMC6196362 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Conventional metabolomic methods include extensive sample preparation steps and long analytical run times, increasing the likelihood of processing artifacts and limiting high throughput applications. We present here in vitro liquid extraction surface analysis mass spectrometry (ivLESA-MS), a variation on LESA-MS, performed directly on adherent cells grown in 96-well cell culture plates. To accomplish this, culture medium was aspirated immediately prior to analysis, and metabolites were extracted using LESA from the cell monolayer surface, followed by nano-electrospray ionization and MS analysis in negative ion mode. We applied this platform to characterize and compare lipidomic profiles of multiple breast cancer cell lines growing in culture (MCF-7, ZR-75-1, MDA-MB-453, and MDA-MB-231) and revealed distinct and reproducible lipidomic signatures between the cell lines. Additionally, we demonstrated time-dependent processing artifacts, underscoring the importance of immediate analysis. ivLESA-MS represents a rapid in vitro metabolomic method, which precludes the need for quenching, cell harvesting, sample preparation, and chromatography, significantly shortening preparation and analysis time while minimizing processing artifacts. This method could be further adapted to test drugs in vitro in a high throughput manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankha S. Basu
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Elizabeth C. Randall
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Michael S. Regan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Begoña G.C. Lopez
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Amanda R. Clark
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Nicholas D. Schmitt
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Jeffrey N. Agar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Deborah A. Dillon
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Nathalie Y. R. Agar
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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Wegner MS, Gruber L, Mattjus P, Geisslinger G, Grösch S. The UDP-glucose ceramide glycosyltransferase (UGCG) and the link to multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1). BMC Cancer 2018; 18:153. [PMID: 29409484 PMCID: PMC5801679 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4084-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The UDP-glucose ceramide glycosyltransferase (UGCG) is a key enzyme in the sphingolipid metabolism by generating glucosylceramide (GlcCer), the precursor for all glycosphingolipids (GSL), which are essential for proper cell function. Interestingly, the UGCG is also overexpressed in several cancer types and correlates with multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) gene expression. This membrane protein is responsible for efflux of toxic substances and protects cancer cells from cell damage through chemotherapeutic agents. Studies showed a connection between UGCG and MDR1 overexpression and multidrug resistance development, but the precise underlying mechanisms are unknown. Here, we give an overview about the UGCG and its connection to MDR1 in multidrug resistant cells. Furthermore, we focus on UGCG transcriptional regulation, the impact of UGCG on cellular signaling pathways and the effect of UGCG and MDR1 on the lipid composition of membranes and how this could influence multidrug resistance development. To our knowledge, this is the first review presenting an overview about UGCG with focus on the relationship to MDR1 in the process of multidrug resistance development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marthe-Susanna Wegner
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, House 74, Theodor Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Lisa Gruber
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, House 74, Theodor Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Peter Mattjus
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Artillerigatan 6A, III, BioCity, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, House 74, Theodor Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sabine Grösch
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, House 74, Theodor Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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30
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Zhao RL, He YM. Network pharmacology analysis of the anti-cancer pharmacological mechanisms of Ganoderma lucidum extract with experimental support using Hepa1-6-bearing C57 BL/6 mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 210:287-295. [PMID: 28882624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ganoderma lucidum (GL) is an oriental medical fungus, which was used to prevent and treat many diseases. Previously, the effective compounds of Ganoderma lucidum extract (GLE) were extracted from two kinds of GL, [Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss. Ex Fr.) Karst.] and [Ganoderma sinense Zhao, Xu et Zhang], which have been used for adjuvant anti-cancer clinical therapy for more than 20 years. However, its concrete active compounds and its regulation mechanisms on tumor are unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, we aimed to identify the main active compounds from GLE and to investigate its anti-cancer mechanisms via drug-target biological network construction and prediction. MATERIALS AND METHODS The main active compounds of GLE were identified by HPLC, EI-MS and NMR, and the compounds related targets were predicted using docking program. To investigate the functions of GL holistically, the active compounds of GL and related targets were predicted based on four public databases. Subsequently, the Identified-Compound-Target network and Predicted-Compound-Target network were constructed respectively, and they were overlapped to detect the hub potential targets in both networks. Furthermore, the qRT-PCR and western-blot assays were used to validate the expression levels of target genes in GLE treated Hepa1-6-bearing C57 BL/6 mice. RESULTS In our work, 12 active compounds of GLE were identified, including Ganoderic acid A, Ganoderenic acid A, Ganoderic acid B, Ganoderic acid H, Ganoderic acid C2, Ganoderenic acid D, Ganoderic acid D, Ganoderenic acid G, Ganoderic acid Y, Kaemferol, Genistein and Ergosterol. Using the docking program, 20 targets were mapped to 12 compounds of GLE. Furthermore, 122 effective active compounds of GL and 116 targets were holistically predicted using public databases. Compare with the Identified-Compound-Target network and Predicted-Compound-Target network, 6 hub targets were screened, including AR, CHRM2, ESR1, NR3C1, NR3C2 and PGR, which was considered as potential markers and might play important roles in the process of GLE treatment. GLE effectively inhibited tumor growth in Hepa1-6-bearing C57 BL/6 mice. Finally, consistent with the results of qRT-PCR data, the results of western-blot assay demonstrated the expression levels of PGR and ESR1 were up-regulated, as well as the expression levels of NR3C2 and AR were down-regulated, while the change of NR3C1 and CHRM2 had no statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS The results indicated that these 4 hub target genes, including NR3C2, AR, ESR1 and PGR, might act as potential markers to evaluate the curative effect of GLE treatment in tumor. And, the combined data provide preliminary study of the pharmacological mechanisms of GLE, which may be a promising potential therapeutic and chemopreventative candidate for anti-cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Lin Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Yu-Min He
- School of Basic Medicine College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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31
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Singh MS, Tammam SN, Shetab Boushehri MA, Lamprecht A. MDR in cancer: Addressing the underlying cellular alterations with the use of nanocarriers. Pharmacol Res 2017; 126:2-30. [PMID: 28760489 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is associated with a wide range of pathological changes at different cellular and intracellular levels. Nanoparticles (NPs) have been extensively exploited as the carriers of MDR reversing payloads to resistant tumor cells. However, when properly formulated in terms of chemical composition and physicochemical properties, NPs can serve as beyond delivery systems and help overcome MDR even without carrying a load of chemosensitizers or MDR reversing molecular cargos. Whether serving as drug carriers or beyond, a wise design of the nanoparticulate systems to overcome the cellular and intracellular alterations underlying the resistance is imperative. Within the current review, we will initially discuss the cellular changes occurring in resistant cells and how such changes lead to chemotherapy failure and cancer cell survival. We will then focus on different mechanisms through which nanosystems with appropriate chemical composition and physicochemical properties can serve as MDR reversing units at different cellular and intracellular levels according to the changes that underlie the resistance. Finally, we will conclude by discussing logical grounds for a wise and rational design of MDR reversing nanoparticulate systems to improve the cancer therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manu S Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmceutics, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Salma N Tammam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmceutics, University of Bonn, Germany; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, German University of Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Alf Lamprecht
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmceutics, University of Bonn, Germany; Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Engineering (EA4267), University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.
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32
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Microbubble-based enhancement of radiation effect: Role of cell membrane ceramide metabolism. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181951. [PMID: 28746357 PMCID: PMC5528834 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound (US) stimulated microbubbles (MB) is a new treatment approach that sensitizes cancer cells to radiation (XRT). The molecular pathways in this response remain unelucidated, however, previous data has supported a role for cell membrane-metabolism related pathways including an up regulation of UDP glycosyltransferase 8 (UGT8), which catalyzes the transfer of galactose to ceramide, a lipid that is associated with the induction of apoptotic signalling. In this study, the role of UGT8 in responses of prostate tumours to ultrasound-stimulated microbubble radiation enhancement therapy is investigated. Experiments were carried out with cells in vitro and tumours in vivo in which UGT8 levels had been up regulated or down regulated. Genetically modified PC3 cells were treated with XRT, US+MB, or a combination of XRT+US+MB. An increase in the immunolabelling of ceramide was observed in cells where UGT8 was down-regulated as opposed to cells where UGT8 was either not regulated or was up-regulated. Clonogenic assays have revealed a decreased level of cellular survival with the down-regulation of UGT8. Xenograft tumours generated from stably transfected PC3 cells were also treated with US+MB, XRT or US+MB+XRT. Histology demonstrated more cellular damage in tumours with down-regulated UGT8 in comparison with control tumours. In contrast, tumours with up-regulated UGT8 had less damage than control tumours. Power Doppler imaging indicated a reduction in the vascular index with UGT8 down-regulation and photoacoustic imaging revealed a reduction in oxygen saturation. This was contrary to when UGT8 was up regulated. The down regulation of UGT8 led to the accumulation of ceramide resulting in more cell death signalling and therefore, a greater enhancement of radiation effect when vascular disruption takes place through the use of ultrasound-stimulated microbubbles.
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Dinoff A, Herrmann N, Lanctôt KL. Ceramides and depression: A systematic review. J Affect Disord 2017; 213:35-43. [PMID: 28189963 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder is a significant contributor to global disability and mortality. The mechanisms of depression are vast and not fully understood, and as a result current treatment of depression is suboptimal. Aberrant sphingolipid metabolism has been observed in some cases of depression, specifically alterations in ceramide concentrations. The role of ceramides and other sphingolipids in depression is a novel concept. This review summarizes and evaluates the current state of evidence for a role of ceramides in depression pathophysiology and the potential for novel depression pharmacotherapies targeting ceramide metabolism. METHODS Medline, Embase, and PsycINFO databases were searched through October 2016 for English-language studies using combinations of the search terms: ceramide, depression, sphingolipid, and depressive symptoms. RESULTS Of the 489 articles screened, 14 were included in the qualitative synthesis of this review article. Pre-clinical and clinical evidence suggest that ceramide species may contribute to depression pathophysiology. In human studies, ceramides C18:0 and C20:0 are the species most strongly linked to depression. Evidence for altered ceramide metabolism in depression is present, but data for a causal role of ceramides in depression are lacking. LIMITATIONS This review was limited by potential reporting bias. Furthermore, a lack of specificity of which ceramides were altered in depression was common. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacotherapy targeting ceramide metabolism may be a novel treatment option for depression. A number of pharmacological targets exists for ceramide reduction and a number of currently approved medications inhibit ceramide production. More evidence, pre-clinical and clinical, is warranted to determine the extent and consistency of the role of ceramides in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Dinoff
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nathan Herrmann
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Krista L Lanctôt
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Chiu WH, Su WC, Li CL, Chen CL, Lin CF. An increase in glucosylceramide synthase induces Bcl-xL-mediated cell survival in vinorelbine-resistant lung adenocarcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:20513-24. [PMID: 26001295 PMCID: PMC4653022 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reversing drug resistance with concurrent treatment confers anticancer benefits. In this study, we investigated the potential mechanism of glucosylceramide synthase (GCS)-mediated vinca alkaloid vinorelbine (VNR) resistance in human lung adenocarcinoma cells. Compared with PC14PE6/AS2 (AS2) and CL1-0 cells, apoptotic analysis showed that both A549 and CL1-5 cells were VNR-resistant, while these cells highly expressed GCS at the protein level. VNR treatment significantly converts ceramide to glucosylceramide in VNR-resistant cells; however, pharmacologically inhibiting GCS with (±)-threo-1-Phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol hydrochloride (PDMP) induced ceramide accumulation, accompanied by a decrease in glucosylceramide. Under concurrent treatment with VNR and PDMP, an increase in cell apoptosis could be identified; furthermore, genetically silencing GCS confirmed these effects. In VNR-resistant cells, Bcl-xL expression was aberrantly increased, while pharmacologically inhibiting Bcl-xL with ABT-737 sensitized cells to VNR-induced apoptosis. Conversely, enforced expression of Bcl-xL strengthened the survival response of the VNR-susceptible cells AS2 and CL1-0. Without changes in mRNA expression, Bcl-xL was overexpressed independent of β-catenin-mediated transcriptional regulation in VNR-resistant cells. Simultaneous GCS inhibition and VNR treatment caused a decrease in Bcl-xL expression. According to these findings, an increase in GCS caused Bcl-xL augmentation, facilitating VNR resistance in lung adenocarcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hsin Chiu
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chou Su
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ling Li
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ling Chen
- Center for Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiou-Feng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Ma YY, Mou XZ, Ding YH, Zou H, Huang DS. Delivery systems of ceramide in targeted cancer therapy: ceramide alone or in combination with other anti-tumor agents. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 13:1397-406. [PMID: 27168034 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2016.1188803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Yu Ma
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Medical School and Jiangsu Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Zhou Mou
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Hui Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hai Zou
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Huang
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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Teixeira V, Costa V. Unraveling the role of the Target of Rapamycin signaling in sphingolipid metabolism. Prog Lipid Res 2015; 61:109-33. [PMID: 26703187 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are important bioactive molecules that regulate basic aspects of cellular metabolism and physiology, including cell growth, adhesion, migration, senescence, apoptosis, endocytosis, and autophagy in yeast and higher eukaryotes. Since they have the ability to modulate the activation of several proteins and signaling pathways, variations in the relative levels of different sphingolipid species result in important changes in overall cellular functions and fate. Sphingolipid metabolism and their route of synthesis are highly conserved from yeast to mammalian cells. Studies using the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have served in many ways to foster our understanding of sphingolipid dynamics and their role in the regulation of cellular processes. In the past decade, studies in S. cerevisiae have unraveled a functional association between the Target of Rapamycin (TOR) pathway and sphingolipids, showing that both TOR Complex 1 (TORC1) and TOR Complex 2 (TORC2) branches control temporal and spatial aspects of sphingolipid metabolism in response to physiological and environmental cues. In this review, we report recent findings in this emerging and exciting link between the TOR pathway and sphingolipids and implications in human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor Teixeira
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Vítor Costa
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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Bach A, Pizzirani D, Realini N, Vozella V, Russo D, Penna I, Melzig L, Scarpelli R, Piomelli D. Benzoxazolone Carboxamides as Potent Acid Ceramidase Inhibitors: Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) Studies. J Med Chem 2015; 58:9258-72. [PMID: 26560855 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ceramides are lipid-derived intracellular messengers involved in the control of senescence, inflammation, and apoptosis. The cysteine amidase, acid ceramidase (AC), hydrolyzes these substances into sphingosine and fatty acid and, by doing so, regulates their signaling activity. AC inhibitors may be useful in the treatment of pathological conditions, such as cancer, in which ceramide levels are abnormally reduced. Here, we present a systematic SAR investigation of the benzoxazolone carboxamides, a recently described class of AC inhibitors that display high potency and systemic activity in mice. We examined a diverse series of substitutions on both benzoxazolone ring and carboxamide side chain. Several modifications enhanced potency and stability, and one key compound with a balanced activity-stability profile (14) was found to inhibit AC activity in mouse lungs and cerebral cortex after systemic administration. The results expand our arsenal of AC inhibitors, thereby facilitating the use of these compounds as pharmacological tools and their potential development as drug leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Bach
- Drug Discovery and Development, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Daniela Pizzirani
- Drug Discovery and Development, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Natalia Realini
- Drug Discovery and Development, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Valentina Vozella
- Drug Discovery and Development, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Debora Russo
- Drug Discovery and Development, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Ilaria Penna
- Drug Discovery and Development, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Laurin Melzig
- Drug Discovery and Development, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Rita Scarpelli
- Drug Discovery and Development, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Daniele Piomelli
- Drug Discovery and Development, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy.,Departments of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Biological Chemistry, and Pharmacology, University of California , Irvine, California 92697-4625, United States
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Glycosphingolipids and oxidative stress: Evaluation of hydroxyl radical oxidation of galactosyl and lactosylceramides using mass spectrometry. Chem Phys Lipids 2015; 191:106-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2015.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Mojakgomo R, Mbita Z, Dlamini Z. Linking the ceramide synthases (CerSs) 4 and 5 with apoptosis, endometrial and colon cancers. Exp Mol Pathol 2015; 98:585-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2015.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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40
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Lysosomal ceramide generated by acid sphingomyelinase triggers cytosolic cathepsin B-mediated degradation of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein in natural killer/T lymphoma cell apoptosis. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1717. [PMID: 25855965 PMCID: PMC4650549 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that IL-2 deprivation induced acid sphingomyelinase-mediated (ASM-mediated) ceramide elevation and apoptosis in an NK/T lymphoma cell line KHYG-1. However, the molecular mechanism of ASM–ceramide-mediated apoptosis during IL-2 deprivation is poorly understood. Here, we showed that IL-2 deprivation induces caspase-dependent apoptosis characterized by phosphatidylserine externalization, caspase-8, -9, and -3 cleavage, and degradation of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP). IL-2 re-supplementation rescued apoptosis via inhibition of XIAP degradation without affecting caspase cleavage. However, IL-2 deprivation induced ceramide elevation via ASM in lysosomes and activated lysosomal cathepsin B (CTSB) but not cathepsin D. A CTSB inhibitor CA-074 Me and knockdown of CTSB inhibited ceramide-mediated XIAP degradation and apoptosis. Inhibition of ceramide accumulation in lysosomes using an ASM inhibitor, desipramine, decreased cytosolic activation of CTSB by inhibiting its transfer into cytosol from the lysosome. Knockdown of ASM also inhibited XIAP degradation and apoptosis. Furthermore, cell permeable N-acetyl sphingosine (C2-ceramide), which increases mainly endogenous d18:1/16:0 and d18:1/24:1 ceramide-like IL-2 deprivation, induced caspase-dependent apoptosis with XIAP degradation through CTSB. These findings suggest that lysosomal ceramide produced by ASM mediates XIAP degradation by activation of cytosolic CTSB and caspase-dependent apoptosis. The ASM–ceramide–CTSB signaling axis is a novel pathway of ceramide-mediated apoptosis in IL-2-deprived NK/T lymphoma cells.
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41
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Mojakgomo R, Mbita Z, Dlamini Z. WITHDRAWN: Investigating the link of ceramide synthases (CerSes) 4 and 5 in endometrial and colon cancers. Exp Mol Pathol 2015:S0014-4800(15)00058-1. [PMID: 25794975 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2015.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The Publisher regrets that this article is an accidental duplication of an article that has already been published, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yexmp.2015.03.023. The duplicate article has therefore been withdrawn. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahaba Mojakgomo
- College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Private Bag X6, Florida, 1709 Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Zukile Mbita
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Limpopo, Private Bag x1106, Sovenga 0727, South Africa
| | - Zodwa Dlamini
- College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Private Bag X6, Florida, 1709 Johannesburg, South Africa.
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42
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Pizzirani D, Bach A, Realini N, Armirotti A, Mengatto L, Bauer I, Girotto S, Pagliuca C, De Vivo M, Summa M, Ribeiro A, Piomelli D. Benzoxazolone carboxamides: potent and systemically active inhibitors of intracellular acid ceramidase. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (INTERNATIONAL ED. IN ENGLISH) 2014; 54:485-9. [PMID: 25395373 PMCID: PMC4502975 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201409042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The ceramides are a family of bioactive lipid-derived messengers involved in the control of cellular senescence, inflammation, and apoptosis. Ceramide hydrolysis by acid ceramidase (AC) stops the biological activity of these substances and influences survival and function of normal and neoplastic cells. Because of its central role in the ceramide metabolism, AC may offer a novel molecular target in disorders with dysfunctional ceramide-mediated signaling. Here, a class of benzoxazolone carboxamides is identified as the first potent and systemically active inhibitors of AC. Prototype members of this class inhibit AC with low nanomolar potency by covalent binding to the catalytic cysteine. Their metabolic stability and high in vivo efficacy suggest that these compounds may be used as probes to investigate the roles of ceramide in health and disease, and that this scaffold may represent a promising starting point for the development of novel therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Pizzirani
- Drug Discovery and Development, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova (Italy)
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43
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Fitian AI, Nelson DR, Liu C, Xu Y, Ararat M, Cabrera R. Integrated metabolomic profiling of hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis C cirrhosis through GC/MS and UPLC/MS-MS. Liver Int 2014; 34:1428-44. [PMID: 24661807 PMCID: PMC4169337 DOI: 10.1111/liv.12541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The metabolic pathway disturbances associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unsatisfactorily characterized. Determination of the metabolic alterations associated with the presence of HCC can improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of this cancer and may provide opportunities for improved disease monitoring of patients at risk for HCC development. To characterize the global metabolic alterations associated with HCC arising from hepatitis C (HCV)-associated cirrhosis using an integrated non-targeted metabolomics methodology employing both gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS-MS). METHODS The global serum metabolomes of 30 HCC patients, 27 hepatitis C cirrhosis disease controls and 30 healthy volunteers were characterized using a metabolomics approach that combined two metabolomics platforms, GC/MS and UPLC/MS-MS. Random forest, multivariate statistics and receiver operator characteristic analysis were performed to identify the most significantly altered metabolites in HCC patients vs. HCV-cirrhosis controls and which therefore exhibited a close association with the presence of HCC. RESULTS Elevated 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE), 15-HETE, sphingosine, γ-glutamyl oxidative stress-associated metabolites, xanthine, amino acids serine, glycine and aspartate, and acylcarnitines were strongly associated with the presence of HCC. Elevations in bile acids and dicarboxylic acids were highly correlated with cirrhosis. CONCLUSIONS Integrated metabolomic profiling through GC/MS and UPLC/MS-MS identified global metabolic disturbances in HCC and HCV-cirrhosis. Aberrant amino acid biosynthesis, cell turnover regulation, reactive oxygen species neutralization and eicosanoid pathways may be hallmarks of HCC. Aberrant dicarboxylic acid metabolism, enhanced bile acid metabolism and elevations in fibrinogen cleavage peptides may be signatures of cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asem I. Fitian
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - David R. Nelson
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
,Department of Medicine, Section of Hepatobiliary Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Yiling Xu
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hepatobiliary Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Miguel Ararat
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hepatobiliary Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Roniel Cabrera
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hepatobiliary Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
,Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Navarrete A, Armitage EG, Musteanu M, García A, Mastrangelo A, Bujak R, López-Casas PP, Hidalgo M, Barbas C. Metabolomic evaluation of Mitomycin C and rapamycin in a personalized treatment of pancreatic cancer. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2014; 2:e00067. [PMID: 25505613 PMCID: PMC4186447 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In a personalized treatment designed for a patient with pancreatic cancer resistant to other treatments, the success of Mitomycin C (MMC) has been highlighted. This was revealed in a murine xenograft tumor model encompassing pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells extracted from the patient. The patient was found to exhibit a biallelic inactivation of the PALB2 gene, involved in DNA repair in addition to another mutation in the TSC2 gene that induces susceptibility of the tumor to therapeutic targets of the PI3K-mTOR pathway. The aim of the study was to apply metabolomics to elucidate the modes of action of each therapy, suggesting why MMC was so successful in this patient and why it could be a more popular choice in future pancreatic cancer treatment. The effectiveness of MMC compared to rapamycin (RM), another relevant therapeutic agent has been evaluated through liquid- and gas-chromatography mass spectrometry-based metabolomic analyses of the xenograft tumors. The relative concentrations of many metabolites in the xenograft tumors were found to be increased by MMC relative to other treatments (RM and a combination of both), including a number that are involved in central carbon metabolism (CCM). Metabolic fingerprinting revealed statistically significantly altered pathways including, but not restricted to, the pentose phosphate pathway, glycolysis, TCA cycle, purine metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, in addition to many significant lipid and amino acid alterations. Given the genetic background of the patient, it was expected that the combined therapy would be most effective; however, the most effective was MMC alone. It is proposed that the effectiveness of MMC is owed to its direct effect on CCM, a vital region of tumor metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Navarrete
- CEMBIO (Center for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU San Pablo Campus Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28668, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emily G Armitage
- CEMBIO (Center for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU San Pablo Campus Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28668, Madrid, Spain
| | - Monica Musteanu
- CNIO (Spanish National Cancer Research Centre) E-28029, Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonia García
- CEMBIO (Center for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU San Pablo Campus Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28668, Madrid, Spain
| | - Annalaura Mastrangelo
- CEMBIO (Center for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU San Pablo Campus Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28668, Madrid, Spain
| | - Renata Bujak
- CEMBIO (Center for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU San Pablo Campus Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28668, Madrid, Spain ; Department of Biopharmacy and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdansk Al. Hallera 107, Gdansk, 80-416, Poland
| | - Pedro P López-Casas
- CNIO (Spanish National Cancer Research Centre) E-28029, Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Hidalgo
- CNIO (Spanish National Cancer Research Centre) E-28029, Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Coral Barbas
- CEMBIO (Center for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU San Pablo Campus Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28668, Madrid, Spain
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Chiu WH, Chen HHW, Chang JY, Luo SJ, Li CL, Chen CL, Su WC, Lin CF. Inhibiting glucosylceramide synthase facilitates the radiosensitizing effects of vinorelbine in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Cancer Lett 2014; 349:144-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Alterations in lipid mediated signaling and Wnt/ β -catenin signaling in DMH induced colon cancer on supplementation of fish oil. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:832025. [PMID: 24999478 PMCID: PMC4066946 DOI: 10.1155/2014/832025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Ceramide mediates inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) which catalyzes formation of prostaglandin further activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγ (PPARγ) and Wnt/β-catenin pathway; and hence plays a critical role in cancer. Therefore, in current study, ceramide, COX-2, 15-deoxy prostaglandin J2(15-deoxy PGJ2), PPARγ, and β-catenin were estimated to evaluate the effect of fish oil on lipid mediated and Wnt/β-catenin signaling in colon carcinoma. Male Wistar rats in Group I received purified diet while Groups II and III received modified diet supplemented with FO : CO(1 : 1) and FO : CO(2.5 : 1), respectively. These were further subdivided into controls receiving ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and treated groups receiving dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (DMH)/week for 4 weeks. Animals sacrificed 48 hours after last injection constituted initiation phase and those sacrificed after 16 weeks constituted postinitiation phase. Decreased ceramide and increased PPARγ were observed in postinitiation phase only. On receiving FO+CO(1 : 1)+DMH and FO+CO(2.5 : 1)+DMH in both phases, ceramide was augmented whereas COX-2, 15-deoxy PGJ2, and nuclear translocation of β-catenin were reduced with respect to cancerous animals. Decrease was more significant in postinitiation phase with FO+CO(2.5 : 1)+DMH. Treatment with oils increased PPARγ in initiation phase but decreased it in postinitiation phase. Hence, fish oil altered lipid mediated signalling in a dose and time dependent manner so as to inhibit progression of colon cancer.
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Overexpressed PKCδ downregulates the expression of PKCα in B16F10 melanoma: induction of apoptosis by PKCδ via ceramide generation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91656. [PMID: 24632809 PMCID: PMC3954766 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we observed a marked variation in the expression of PKCα and PKCδ isotypes in B16F10 melanoma tumor cells compared to the normal melanocytes. Interestingly, the tumor instructed expression or genetically manipulated overexpression of PKCα isotype resulted in enhanced G1 to S transition. This in turn promoted cellular proliferation by activating PLD1 expression and subsequent AKT phosphorylation, which eventually resulted in suppressed ceramide generation and apoptosis. On the other hand, B16F10 melanoma tumors preferentially blocked the expression of PKCδ isotype, which otherwise could exhibit antagonistic effects on PKCα-PLD1-AKT signaling and rendered B16F10 cells more sensitive to apoptosis via generating ceramide and subsequently triggering caspase pathway. Hence our data suggested a reciprocal PKC signaling operational in B16F10 melanoma cells, which regulates ceramide generation and provide important clues to target melanoma cancer by manipulating the PKCδ-ceramide axis.
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Voigt S, Philipp S, Davarnia P, Winoto-Morbach S, Röder C, Arenz C, Trauzold A, Kabelitz D, Schütze S, Kalthoff H, Adam D. TRAIL-induced programmed necrosis as a novel approach to eliminate tumor cells. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:74. [PMID: 24507727 PMCID: PMC3927850 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The cytokine TRAIL represents one of the most promising candidates for the apoptotic elimination of tumor cells, either alone or in combination therapies. However, its efficacy is often limited by intrinsic or acquired resistance of tumor cells to apoptosis. Programmed necrosis is an alternative, molecularly distinct mode of programmed cell death that is elicited by TRAIL under conditions when the classical apoptosis machinery fails or is actively inhibited. The potential of TRAIL-induced programmed necrosis in tumor therapy is, however, almost completely uncharacterized. We therefore investigated its impact on a panel of tumor cell lines of wide-ranging origin. Methods Cell death/viability was measured by flow cytometry/determination of intracellular ATP levels/crystal violet staining. Cell surface expression of TRAIL receptors was detected by flow cytometry, expression of proteins by Western blot. Ceramide levels were quantified by high-performance thin layer chromatography and densitometric analysis, clonogenic survival of cells was determined by crystal violet staining or by soft agarose cloning. Results TRAIL-induced programmed necrosis killed eight out of 14 tumor cell lines. Clonogenic survival was reduced in all sensitive and even one resistant cell lines tested. TRAIL synergized with chemotherapeutics in killing tumor cell lines by programmed necrosis, enhancing their effect in eight out of 10 tested tumor cell lines and in 41 out of 80 chemotherapeutic/TRAIL combinations. Susceptibility/resistance of the investigated tumor cell lines to programmed necrosis seems to primarily depend on expression of the pro-necrotic kinase RIPK3 rather than the related kinase RIPK1 or cell surface expression of TRAIL receptors. Furthermore, interference with production of the lipid ceramide protected all tested tumor cell lines. Conclusions Our study provides evidence that TRAIL-induced programmed necrosis represents a feasible approach for the elimination of tumor cells, and that this treatment may represent a promising new option for the future development of combination therapies. Our data also suggest that RIPK3 expression may serve as a potential predictive marker for the sensitivity of tumor cells to programmed necrosis and extend the previously established role of ceramide as a key mediator of death receptor-induced programmed necrosis (and thus as a potential target for future therapies) also to the tumor cell lines examined here.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dieter Adam
- Institut für Immunologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Michaelisstrasse 5, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
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Lin IL, Chou HL, Lee JC, Chen FW, Fong Y, Chang WC, Huang HW, Wu CY, Chang WT, Wang HMD, Chiu CC. The antiproliferative effect of C2-ceramide on lung cancer cells through apoptosis by inhibiting Akt and NFκB. Cancer Cell Int 2014; 14:1. [PMID: 24393431 PMCID: PMC3893380 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2867-14-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The anticancer effects of ceramide have been reported in many types of cancers but less in lung cancer. In this study, we used C2-ceramide to further investigate its possible anticancer effects and mechanisms on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) H1299 cells. The result of cell proliferation in terms of trypan blue assay showed high dose of C2-ceramide inhibited cell survival after 24 h treatment. The flow cytometry-based assays indicated the effect of apoptosis, chromatin condensation, and G1 arrest in terms of Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI), DAPI, and PI stainings, respectively. Moreover, the decreased protein level of p-Akt, p-NFκB, survivin and cyclin A2 were detected by Western blot assay. Taken together, these results indicated the antiproliferative effect of C2-ceramide is majorly responsible for cell apoptosis in lung cancer H1299 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Ling Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Han-Lin Chou
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, 70 Lien Hai Road, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Ching Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Wei Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yao Fong
- Chest Surgery, Chi-Mei Foundation Medical Center, Yung Kang City, Tainan, 901, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chiao Chang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy; Master Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hurng Wern Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Yi Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, 70 Lien Hai Road, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Tsan Chang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Min David Wang
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chih Chiu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Pinto SN, Fernandes F, Fedorov A, Futerman AH, Silva LC, Prieto M. A combined fluorescence spectroscopy, confocal and 2-photon microscopy approach to re-evaluate the properties of sphingolipid domains. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2013; 1828:2099-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Revised: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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