1
|
Wu J, Chan YT, Lu Y, Wang N, Feng Y. The tumor microenvironment in the postsurgical liver: Mechanisms and potential targets of postoperative recurrence in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Med Res Rev 2023; 43:1946-1973. [PMID: 37102365 DOI: 10.1002/med.21967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Surgery remains to be the mainstay of treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nonetheless, its therapeutic efficacy is significantly impaired by postoperative recurrence, which occurs in more than half of cases as a result of intrahepatic metastasis or de novo tumorigenesis. For decades, most therapeutic strategies on inhibiting postoperative HCC recurrence have been focused on the residual tumor cells but satisfying therapeutic outcomes are barely observed in the clinic. In recent years, a better understanding of tumor biology allows us to shift our focus from tumor cells toward the postoperative tumor microenvironment (TME), which is gradually identified to play a pivotal role in tumor recurrence. In this review, we describe various surgical stress and surgical perturbation on postoperative TME. Besides, we discuss how such alternations in TME give rise to postoperative recurrence of HCC. Based on its clinical significance, we additionally highlight the potential of the postoperative TME as a target for postoperative adjuvant therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Wu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yau-Tuen Chan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuanjun Lu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fei‐Sun Y, Huang M, Qin H, Campos de SouzaHan S, Xue H, Wang Y, Wang Y. Protective effect of isoflurane preconditioning on neurological function in rats with HIE. IBRAIN 2022; 8:500-515. [PMID: 37786586 PMCID: PMC10528772 DOI: 10.1002/ibra.12081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is an important cause of neonatal death and disability, which can lead to long-term neurological and motor dysfunction. Currently, inhalation anesthetics are widely used in surgery, and some studies have found that isoflurane (ISO) may have a positive effect on neuroprotection. In this paper, we investigated whether ISO pretreatment has a neuroprotective effect on the neurological function of HIE rats. Here, 7-day-old neonatal rats were randomly divided into a sham group, a hypoxic-ischemic (HI) group, and an ISO pretreatment (pretreatment) group. The pretreatment group was pretreated with 2% ISO for 1 h, followed by the HI group to establish an HI animal model. The HI‑induced neurological injury was evaluated by Zea‑Longa scores and triphenyltetrazolium (TTC) staining. Neuronal number and histomorphological changes were observed with Nissl staining and Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. In addition, motor learning memory function was evaluated by the Morris water maze (MWM), the Y-maze, and the rotarod tests. HI induced severe neurological dysfunction, brain infarction, and cell apoptosis as well as obvious neuron loss in neonatal rats. In the MWM, the rats in the pretreatment group showed a decrease in escape latency (p = 0.042), indicating that pretreatment with ISO could improve the learning ability of HI rats. The results of Nissl staining showed that in the HI group, there was an irregular arrangement of neurons and nuclear fixation; however, the cell damage was significantly reduced and the total number of neurons was increased after ISO pretreatment (p < 0.001). In conclusion, ISO pretreatment improved cognitive function and attenuated HI-induced reduction of Nissl-positive cells and spatial memory impairment, suggesting that pretreatment with ISO before HI modeling could reduce neuronal cell death in the hippocampus after HI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Fei‐Sun
- Institute of Neurological Disease, National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- Center for Epigenetics and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, Kennedy Krieger InstituteJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreUSA
| | - Miao Huang
- Department of AnesthesiologySouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuanChina
| | - Hao‐Yue Qin
- Department of AnesthesiologySouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuanChina
| | - Senio Campos de SouzaHan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical SciencesUniversity of MacauMacau SARChina
| | - Han Xue
- School of Basic Medical SciencesJinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouLiaoningChina
| | - Yu‐Ying Wang
- School of Basic Medical SciencesJinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouLiaoningChina
| | - Yi‐Bo Wang
- School of Basic Medical SciencesJinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouLiaoningChina
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Albano GD, Gagliardo RP, Montalbano AM, Profita M. Overview of the Mechanisms of Oxidative Stress: Impact in Inflammation of the Airway Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2237. [PMID: 36421423 PMCID: PMC9687037 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation of the human lung is mediated in response to different stimuli (e.g., physical, radioactive, infective, pro-allergenic or toxic) such as cigarette smoke and environmental pollutants. They often promote an increase in inflammatory activities in the airways that manifest themselves as chronic diseases (e.g., allergic airway diseases, asthma, chronic bronchitis/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or even lung cancer). Increased levels of oxidative stress (OS) reduce the antioxidant defenses, affect the autophagy/mitophagy processes, and the regulatory mechanisms of cell survival, promoting inflammation in the lung. In fact, OS potentiate the inflammatory activities in the lung, favoring the progression of chronic airway diseases. OS increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide anions (O2-), hydroxyl radicals (OH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), by the transformation of oxygen through enzymatic and non-enzymatic reactions. In this manner, OS reduces endogenous antioxidant defenses in both nucleated and non-nucleated cells. The production of ROS in the lung can derive from both exogenous insults (cigarette smoke or environmental pollution) and endogenous sources such as cell injury and/or activated inflammatory and structural cells. In this review, we describe the most relevant knowledge concerning the functional interrelation between the mechanisms of OS and inflammation in airway diseases.
Collapse
|
4
|
Mota CM, Madden CJ. Neural circuits mediating circulating interleukin-1β-evoked fever in the absence of prostaglandin E2 production. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 103:109-121. [PMID: 35429606 PMCID: PMC9524517 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases and inflammatory conditions recruit the immune system to mount an appropriate acute response that includes the production of cytokines. Cytokines evoke neurally-mediated responses to fight pathogens, such as the recruitment of thermoeffectors, thereby increasing body temperature and leading to fever. Studies suggest that the cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) depends upon cyclooxygenase (COX)-mediated prostaglandin E2 production for the induction of neural mechanisms to elicit fever. However, COX inhibitors do not eliminate IL-1β-induced fever, thus suggesting that COX-dependent and COX-independent mechanisms are recruited for increasing body temperature after peripheral administration of IL-1β. In the present study, we aimed to build a foundation for the neural circuit(s) controlling COX-independent, inflammatory fever by determining the involvement of brain areas that are critical for controlling the sympathetic outflow to brown adipose tissue (BAT) and the cutaneous vasculature. In anesthetized rats, pretreatment with indomethacin, a non-selective COX inhibitor, did not prevent BAT thermogenesis or cutaneous vasoconstriction (CVC) induced by intravenous IL-1β (2 µg/kg). BAT and cutaneous vasculature sympathetic premotor neurons in the rostral raphe pallidus area (rRPa) are required for IL-1β-evoked BAT thermogenesis and CVC, with or without pretreatment with indomethacin. Additionally, activation of glutamate receptors in the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) is required for COX-independent, IL-1β-induced BAT thermogenesis. Therefore, our data suggests that COX-independent mechanisms elicit activation of neurons within the DMH and rRPa, which is sufficient to trigger and mount inflammatory fever. These data provide a foundation for elucidating the brain circuits responsible for COX-independent, IL-1β-elicited fevers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher J. Madden
- Corresponding author at: Dept. of Neurological Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, United States. (C.J. Madden)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sanati M, Afshari AR, Kesharwani P, Sukhorukov VN, Sahebkar A. Recent trends in the application of nanoparticles in cancer therapy: The involvement of oxidative stress. J Control Release 2022; 348:287-304. [PMID: 35644289 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the biomedical area, the interdisciplinary field of nanotechnology has the potential to bring numerous unique applications, including better tactics for cancer detection, diagnosis, and therapy. Nanoparticles (NPs) have been the topic of many research and material applications throughout the last decade. Unlike small-molecule medications, NPs are defined by distinct physicochemical characteristics, such as a large surface-to-volume ratio, which allows them to permeate live cells with relative ease. The versatility of NPs as both therapeutics and diagnostics makes them ideal for a broad spectrum of illnesses, from infectious diseases to cancer. A significant amount of data has been participated in the current scientific publications, emphasizing the concept that NPs often produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) to a larger degree than micro-sized particles. It is important to note that oxidative stress governs a wide range of cell signaling cascades, many of which are responsible for cancer cell cytotoxicity. Here, we aimed to provide insight into the signaling pathways triggered by oxidative stress in cancer cells in response to several types of nanomaterials, such as metallic and polymeric NPs and quantum dots. We discuss recent advances in developing integrated anticancer medicines based on NPs targeted to destroy malignant cells by increasing their ROS setpoint.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Sanati
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran; Experimental and Animal Study Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Amir R Afshari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Vasily N Sukhorukov
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBI "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", Moscow, Russia
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yuan-Yuan X, Xu CZ, Liang YF, Jin DQ, Ding J, Sheng Y, Zhang L, Deng F. Ascorbic acid and hydrocortisone synergistically inhibit septic organ injury via improving oxidative stress and inhibiting inflammation. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2022; 44:786-794. [PMID: 35635075 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2022.2082978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study aimed to investigate the effect of the combination of ascorbic acid (AscA) and hydrocortisone (Hyd) on septic organ injury and its potential mechanism. METHOD Sepsis was induced in mice by a single intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharides. RESULTS AscA and Hyd combined showed more effective protection of the injured liver and kidney in septic mice by decreasing ALT, AST, BUN and SCr and ameliorating pathological manifestations than Hyd or AscA alone. AscA showed a mild inhibitory effect on the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6). However, Hyd showed a weak regulatory effect on septic oxidative stress markers (MDA, SOD and GSH-Px). However, the combination of AscA and Hyd showed a more powerful inhibitory effect on the septic inflammatory response and oxidative stress than Hyd or AscA alone by decreasing TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 and regulating MDA, SOD and GSH. In an in vitro study, cotreatment of RAW 264.7 macrophages with Hyd and AscA sharply reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and synergistically inhibited TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 secretion, which could be abolished by additional stimulation with the ROS donor 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP). As expected, cotreatment of macrophages with Hyd and AscA synergistically inhibited the activation of p38 MAPK and p-p65, and the effect could be reversed by additional stimulation with 3-NP. CONCLUSIONS AscA and Hyd synergistically protect the kidney and liver from injury by inhibiting the inflammatory response and oxidative stress. The powerful inhibitory effects of AscA on oxidative stress contribute to the synergistic anti-inflammatory action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yuan-Yuan
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Provincial Children's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Wangjiang East Road No.39, Hefei, 230051, China
| | - Cheng-Zhu Xu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road No.81, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - You-Feng Liang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road No.218, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Dan-Qun Jin
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Provincial Children's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Wangjiang East Road No.39, Hefei, 230051, China
| | - Jie Ding
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Provincial Children's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Wangjiang East Road No.39, Hefei, 230051, China
| | - Yao Sheng
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Provincial Children's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Wangjiang East Road No.39, Hefei, 230051, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Provincial Children's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Wangjiang East Road No.39, Hefei, 230051, China
| | - Fang Deng
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Affiliated Provincial Children's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Wangjiang East Road No.39, Hefei, 230051, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chavda V, Chaurasia B, Garg K, Deora H, Umana GE, Palmisciano P, Scalia G, Lu B. Molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress in stroke and cancer. BRAIN DISORDERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dscb.2021.100029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
|
8
|
ox-LDL-Induced Endothelial Progenitor Cell Oxidative Stress via p38/Keap1/Nrf2 Pathway. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:5897194. [PMID: 35140793 PMCID: PMC8820940 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5897194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nrf2 which was recently reported to regulate the antioxidant genes and cellular redox regulators was highly expressed in EPCs. However, its role in ox-LDL-induced EPC oxidative stress and apoptosis has not been fully illustrated. Methods EPCs isolated from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were treated with different concentrations of ox-LDL, Keap1 siRNA, and a specific p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 and then used to assay the cytoplasmic Nrf2, nuclear Nrf2, NAD(P) H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and Bax/Bcl-2 levels with Western blot, NQO1 mRNA levels with RT-PCR, ROS levels with H2DCF-DA, loss/disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential with JC-1, apoptosis with Annexin V and PI, migration with transwell chambers, and tube formation with Matrigel. Results ox-LDL decreased the nuclear Nrf2/Histone H3 to cytoplasmic Nrf2/GAPDH ratio, NQO1 mRNA, and protein levels. ox-LDL enhanced ROS production, induced the loss of membrane potential, and increased the cell shrinkage, pyknotic nuclei, and apoptosis of EPCs. Keap1 siRNA increased Nrf2 nuclear translocation, NQO1 mRNA transcription, and protein expression and prevented ROS generation and formation of JC-1 monomers. ox-LDL increased the activation of p38. SB203580 significantly eliminated ox-LDL induced inhibition of Nrf2 nuclear translocation, depression of NQO1 mRNA transcription, generation of ROS, and formation of JC-1 monomers in EPCs. Keap1 siRNA decreased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio which was increased by ox-LDL in EPCs. ox-LDL decreased EPC migration and tube formation. Keap1 siRNA preserved the migration and tube formation of EPCs. Conclusion ox-LDL activated EPCs p38/Keap1/Nrf2 pathway and induced oxidative stress, dysfunction, and apoptosis of EPCs.
Collapse
|
9
|
Khodzhaeva V, Schreiber Y, Geisslinger G, Brandes RP, Brüne B, Namgaladze D. Mitofusin 2 Deficiency Causes Pro-Inflammatory Effects in Human Primary Macrophages. Front Immunol 2021; 12:723683. [PMID: 34456930 PMCID: PMC8397414 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.723683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitofusin 2 (MFN2) is a mitochondrial outer membrane GTPase, which modulates mitochondrial fusion and affects the interaction between endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. Here, we explored how MFN2 influences mitochondrial functions and inflammatory responses towards zymosan in primary human macrophages. A knockdown of MFN2 by small interfering RNA decreased mitochondrial respiration without attenuating mitochondrial membrane potential and reduced interactions between endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. A MFN2 deficiency potentiated zymosan-elicited inflammatory responses of human primary macrophages, such as expression and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β, -6, -8 and tumor necrosis factor α, as well as induction of cyclooxygenase 2 and prostaglandin E2 synthesis. MFN2 silencing also increased zymosan-induced nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells and mitogen-activated protein kinases inflammatory signal transduction, without affecting mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production. Mechanistic studies revealed that MFN2 deficiency enhanced the toll-like receptor 2-dependent branch of zymosan-triggered responses upstream of inhibitor of κB kinase. This was associated with elevated, cytosolic expression of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 in MFN2-deficient cells. Our data suggest pro-inflammatory effects of MFN2 deficiency in human macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vera Khodzhaeva
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Yannick Schreiber
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ralf P Brandes
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dmitry Namgaladze
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhong H, He Y, Yang X, Si QQ, Xie P, Gao DY, Liu LM. Liver injury mediated by the UII and its receptor (UT) system is possibly associated with the activation of autophagy-related and apoptosis-resisted pathways of Kupffer cells in acute liver failure. EUR J INFLAMM 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/20587392211027401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The system of urotensin II (UII) and its receptor (UT) (or: UII/UT system) mediates hepatic immune inflamed injury in acute liver failure (ALF) with autophagy inhibition. However, it is unknown whether the system has an effect on liver autophagy in ALF. In this study, we attempted to explore hepatic autophagy response in ALF through blocking the UII/UT signal. Autophagy-related genes were examined in the liver tissues of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/d-galactosamine (D-GalN)-induced ALF after pretreatment of UT receptor specific antagonist urantide. And then, the levels of autophagy- and apoptosis-related genes were assayed in LPS-stimulated KCs via urantide pretreatment. We found that the expressions of hepatic autophagy related genes, including Beclin-1, Atg5, Atg7, LC3 and p62 mRNA, and LC3 II and p62 protein, were significantly downregulated in LPS/D-GalN-induced ALF mice; but they were not affected by pretreatment of urantide, a special UT receptor antagonist. To probe inflammatory mechanisms of the UII/UT system, we further investigated the effect of the system on Kupffer cells (KCs), the innate immune cells in liver. We found that urantide pretreatment significantly inhibited production of inflammatory injury molecules including TRAF6 and ROS in LPS-stimulated KCs. LPS stimulation induced LC3 and p62 mRNA and LC3 II and p62 protein expression in KCs. After urantide pretreatment, LC3 and p62 mRNA and LC3 II protein were downregulated, while p62 protein was upregulated in LPS-stimulated KCs. In addition, antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 inhibition and proapoptotic protein cleaved caspase-3 increase were observed in LPS-stimulated KCs, and the effects were enhanced after urantide pretreatment in the study. We conclude that liver injury mediated by the UII/UT system is possibly associated with the activation of autophagy-related and apoptosis-resisted pathways of KCs in ALF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhong
- Department of Infection, Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu He
- Department of Infection, Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Infection, Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin-Qin Si
- Department of Infection, Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pin Xie
- Department of Infection, Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - De-Yong Gao
- Department of Infection, Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang-Ming Liu
- Department of Infection, Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
He X, Wu J, Tan T, Guo W, Xiong Z, Yang S, Feng Y, Wen Q. Quassinoids from Brucea javanica and attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathways. Fitoterapia 2021; 153:104980. [PMID: 34186115 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2021.104980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Four new quassinoids (1-4) and twenty known analogues (5-24) were isolated from the seeds of Brucea javanica. All the compounds belong to tetracyclic quassinoids. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, including HRESIMS and 1D, 2D NMR. In in vitro bioassays, (5-9, 17-19 and 23) showed inhibitory activities for nitric oxide (NO) release in LPS-activated MH-S macrophages and IC50 values of 0.11-45.56 μM. Among them, bruceoside B significantly decreased LPS-induced NO, secretion of inflammatory factor cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Western Blot was used to verify the expression of p-IκB-α, IκB-α, p-NF-κB, NF-κB, Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3, p-PI3K, PI3K, p-Akt, and Akt proteins in PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signal pathway. Bruceoside B inhibited the activity of Akt and its downstream pathways and reduced the activation of apoptotic. In vivo, it was found that bruceoside B had obvious therapeutic effect on LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice, and the effect of tissue section was obvious. The regulatory signal pathway of bruceoside B on inflammation was consistent with the anti-inflammatory pathway in vitro. Therefore, the results implied that bruceoside B has a certain therapeutic effect on inflammation and has a certainly effect on acute lung injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao He
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, 56 Yangming Road, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiahui Wu
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Ting Tan
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Wenjing Guo
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Ziwei Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, 56 Yangming Road, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shilin Yang
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, 56 Yangming Road, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yulin Feng
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, 56 Yangming Road, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Quan Wen
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Oxidative Stress in Cancer Cell Metabolism. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050642. [PMID: 33922139 PMCID: PMC8143540 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important in regulating normal cellular processes whereas deregulated ROS leads to the development of a diseased state in humans including cancers. Several studies have been found to be marked with increased ROS production which activates pro-tumorigenic signaling, enhances cell survival and proliferation and drives DNA damage and genetic instability. However, higher ROS levels have been found to promote anti-tumorigenic signaling by initiating oxidative stress-induced tumor cell death. Tumor cells develop a mechanism where they adjust to the high ROS by expressing elevated levels of antioxidant proteins to detoxify them while maintaining pro-tumorigenic signaling and resistance to apoptosis. Therefore, ROS manipulation can be a potential target for cancer therapies as cancer cells present an altered redox balance in comparison to their normal counterparts. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the generation and sources of ROS within tumor cells, ROS-associated signaling pathways, their regulation by antioxidant defense systems, as well as the effect of elevated ROS production in tumor progression. It will provide an insight into how pro- and anti-tumorigenic ROS signaling pathways could be manipulated during the treatment of cancer.
Collapse
|
13
|
Kong Q, Wu X, Qiu Z, Huang Q, Xia Z, Song X. Protective Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Acute Lung Injury via the Upregulation of Tumour Necrosis Factor-α-Induced Protein-8-like 2 in Septic Mice. Inflammation 2021; 43:833-846. [PMID: 31927655 PMCID: PMC7099173 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-01169-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether TIPE2 participates in the protective actions of dexmedetomidine (DEX) in a mouse model of sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI). We administered TIPE2 adeno-associated virus (AAV-TIPE2) intratracheally into the lungs of mice. Control mice were infected with an adeno-associated virus expressing no transgene. Three weeks later, an animal model of caecal ligation-perforation (CLP)-induced sepsis was established. DEX was administered intravenously 30 min after CLP. Twenty-four hours after sepsis, lung injury was assayed by lung histology, the ratio of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) to total cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, BALF protein content and the lung wet-to-dry (W/D) weight ratio. Proinflammatory factor levels in the BALF of mice were measured. The protein expression levels in lung tissues were analysed by Western blotting. The results showed that DEX treatment markedly mitigated sepsis-induced lung injury, which was characterized by the deterioration of histopathology, histologic scores, the W/D weight ratio and total protein levels in the BALF. Moreover, DEX markedly attenuated sepsis-induced lung inflammation, as evidenced by the decrease in the number of PMNs in the BALF, lung MPO activity and proinflammatory cytokines in the BALF. In addition, DEX dramatically prevented sepsis-induced pulmonary cell apoptosis in mice, as reflected by decreases in the number of TUNEL-positive cells, the protein expression of cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved caspase 3 and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. In addition, evaluation of protein expression showed that DEX blocked sepsis-activated JNK phosphorylation and NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. Similar results were also observed in the TIPE2 overexpression group. Our study demonstrated that DEX inhibits acute inflammation and apoptosis in a murine model of sepsis-stimulated ALI via the upregulation of TIPE2 and the suppression of the activation of the NF-κB and JNK signalling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Kong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaojing Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Zhen Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Qin Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Zhongyuan Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
| | - Xuemin Song
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yao Z, Liu N, Zhu X, Wang L, Zhao Y, Liu Q, Gao C, Li J. Subanesthetic isoflurane abates ROS-activated MAPK/NF-κB signaling to repress ischemia-induced microglia inflammation and brain injury. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:26121-26139. [PMID: 33373319 PMCID: PMC7803578 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Isoflurane (ISO) elicits protective effects on ischemia-induced brain injury. We investigated whether sub-anesthetic (0.7%) ISO post-conditioning attenuates the inflammation and apoptosis in oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-insulted co-cultures (microglia and neurons) in vitro and the brain injury of the middle cerebral arterial occlusion (MCAO) rat. We demonstrated that ISO augmented the viability of OGD-treated microglia and neurons. ISO reduced the expression and activation of COX2 and iNOS in OGD-challenged microglia. ISO repressed the production of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in OGD-exposed microglia. ISO also decreased nucleosomal fragmentation and caspase-3 activity but increased mitochondrial membrane potential in OGD-stimulated microglia and neurons. Mechanistically, ISO suppressed OGD-induced microglial inflammation by blocking ROS-regulated p38 MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway and hampered OGD-triggered microglial apoptosis in a ROS- or NO-dependent fashion. In vivo results with MCAO rats were partly consistent with the in vitro observation. These findings indicate that sub-anesthetic ISO post-conditioning abates the inflammation and apoptosis in OGD-stimulated rat microglia and the apoptosis of OGD-exposed neurons and the brain injuries of MCAO rats, suggesting it as a potentially effective therapeutic approach for ischemic brain damages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Yao
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, Guangdong, China
| | - Ningning Liu
- Centre of Inflammation and Cancer Research, 150th Central Hospital of PLA, Luoyang 471031, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoshan Zhu
- Centre of Inflammation and Cancer Research, 150th Central Hospital of PLA, Luoyang 471031, Henan, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, 150th Central Hospital of PLA, Luoyang 471031, Henan, China
| | - Yali Zhao
- Centre of Inflammation and Cancer Research, 150th Central Hospital of PLA, Luoyang 471031, Henan, China
| | - Qinqin Liu
- Centre of Inflammation and Cancer Research, 150th Central Hospital of PLA, Luoyang 471031, Henan, China
| | - Chunfang Gao
- Centre of Inflammation and Cancer Research, 150th Central Hospital of PLA, Luoyang 471031, Henan, China
| | - Juntang Li
- Centre of Inflammation and Cancer Research, 150th Central Hospital of PLA, Luoyang 471031, Henan, China.,Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang L, Zhang X, Wu T, Pan X, Wang Z. Isoflurane reduces septic neuron injury by HO‑1‑mediated abatement of inflammation and apoptosis. Mol Med Rep 2020; 23:155. [PMID: 33355378 PMCID: PMC7789092 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) frequently occurs in critically ill patients with severe systemic infections. Subanesthetic isoflurane (0.7% ISO) possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties against a number of human diseases, including brain injury. The activation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) impedes inflammation, oxidation and apoptosis, thus alleviating sepsis-induced brain damage. However, whether 0.7% ISO affords protection against septic neuronal injury involving HO-1 activation is unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of 0.7% ISO and its potential underlying mechanisms in SAE using a mouse model established by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The results indicated that the expression and activity of HO-1 in the mouse hippocampus were increased by CLP, and further enhanced by ISO. ISO reduced the death rate, brain water content and blood-brain barrier disruption, but improved the learning and memory functions of CLP-treated mice. ISO significantly decreased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the levels of oxidative indictors in the serum and hippocampus, as well as the number of apoptotic neurons and the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins in the hippocampus. Inversely, anti-inflammatory factors, antioxidative enzymes and anti-apoptotic proteins were markedly increased by ISO administration. However, the neuroprotective effects of ISO were abolished by a HO-1 inhibitor. Overall, these findings suggested that 0.7% ISO alleviated SAE via its anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and anti-apoptotic properties, which involved the activated form of HO-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Xuece Zhang
- Digestive Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Ting Wu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Xu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang C, An Y, Wang Y, Shen K, Wang X, Luan W, Ma F, Ni L, Liu M, Yu L. Insulin-like growth factor-I activates NFκB and NLRP3 inflammatory signalling via ROS in cancer cells. Mol Cell Probes 2020; 52:101583. [PMID: 32360740 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2020.101583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-1) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in the development and progression of various cancers. However, their regulatory mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we treated cancer cells (HeLa, HepG2 and SW1116 cells) and normal cells (NCM-460) with IGF-1 at different concentrations and for different times and found that cancer cells produced large amounts of cytoplasmic ROS in cancer cells but not in normal cells. Further mechanistic analysis demonstrated that IGF-1 activated NFκB and NLRP3 inflammatory signalling in HeLa cells; systematic analysis indicated that IGF-1 activates NFκB and NLRP3, and the activation was cytosolic ROS- and NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2)-dependent. Additionally, through coimmunoprecipitation experiments, we found that the IRS-1/COX2/mPGES-1/MAPKs/RAC2/NOX2 pathway nexus was involved in IGF-1-induced NFκB and NLRP3 production. Finally, we validated the regulatory mechanisms through IRS-1, mPGES-1 or NOX2 inhibition using their respective selective inhibitors or shRNA knockdown. Taken together, this is the first report on the mechanism by which IGF-1 activates NFκB and NLRP3 inflammatory signalling via ROS. These findings pave the way for an in-depth study of the role of IGF-1 and ROS in inflammation associated with the development and progression of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University, Department of Infectious Diseases of First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Yanan An
- Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University, Department of Infectious Diseases of First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University, Department of Infectious Diseases of First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Keshu Shen
- Jilin Hepatobiliary Hospital, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Xuefei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University, Department of Infectious Diseases of First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Wenjing Luan
- Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University, Department of Infectious Diseases of First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Fangxue Ma
- Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University, Department of Infectious Diseases of First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Lihui Ni
- Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University, Department of Infectious Diseases of First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Mingyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University, Department of Infectious Diseases of First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University, Department of Infectious Diseases of First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang C, Li S, Wang Y, An Y, Shen K, Wang X, Luan W, Ma F, Ni L, Zhou H, Liu M, Yu L. Targeting IRS-1/mPGES-1/NOX2 to inhibit the inflammatory response caused by insulin-like growth factor-I-induced activation of NF-κB and NLRP3 in cancer cells. Vet Comp Oncol 2020; 18:689-698. [PMID: 32270590 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The levels of insulin-like growth factor-l (IGF-1) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are abnormally elevated in various tumour tissues, and IGF-1 has been reported to be associated with the development and progression of inflammation in cancers. In this study, we found that IGF-1 activated nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and NLRP3 inflammatory signalling via IRS-1/mPGES-1/NOX2-regulated ROS. Additionally, in the B16-F10 tumour-bearing mouse model, the number of tumours, tumour growth, invasion of tissues and expression of proinflammatory factors in peripheral blood were significantly decreased by treatment with an inhibitor combination compared with those of the IGF-1 group. Taken together, targeting IRS-1/mPGES-1/NOX2 to inhibit inflammation related to NF-κB and NLRP3 is a potential strategy for controlling the development and progression of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases of First Hospital of Jilin University, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shulin Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases of First Hospital of Jilin University, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases of First Hospital of Jilin University, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanan An
- Department of Infectious Diseases of First Hospital of Jilin University, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Keshu Shen
- Jilin Hepatobiliary Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Xuefei Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases of First Hospital of Jilin University, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenjing Luan
- Department of Infectious Diseases of First Hospital of Jilin University, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fangxue Ma
- Department of Infectious Diseases of First Hospital of Jilin University, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lihui Ni
- Department of Infectious Diseases of First Hospital of Jilin University, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases of First Hospital of Jilin University, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingyuan Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases of First Hospital of Jilin University, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases of First Hospital of Jilin University, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Song JH, Kim KJ, Chei S, Seo YJ, Lee K, Lee BY. Korean Red Ginseng and Korean black ginseng extracts, JP5 and BG1, prevent hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation induced by environmental heat stress. J Ginseng Res 2020; 44:267-273. [PMID: 32148408 PMCID: PMC7031738 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Continuous exposure to high temperatures can lead to heat stress. This stress response alters the expression of multiple genes and can contribute to the onset of various diseases. In particular, heat stress induces oxidative stress by increasing the production of reactive oxygen species. The liver is an essential organ that plays a variety of roles, such as detoxification and protein synthesis. Therefore, it is important to protect the liver from oxidative stress caused by heat stress. Korean ginseng has a variety of beneficial biological properties, and our previous studies showed that it provides an effective defense against heat stress. METHODS We investigated the ability of Korean Red Ginseng and Korean black ginseng extracts (JP5 and BG1) to protect against heat stress using a rat model. We then confirmed the active ingredients and mechanism of action using a cell-based model. RESULTS Heat stress significantly increased gene and protein expression of oxidative stress-related factors such as catalase and SOD2, but treatment with JP5 (Korean Red Ginseng extract) and BG1 (Korean black ginseng extract) abolished this response in both liver tissue and HepG2 cells. In addition, JP5 and BG1 inhibited the expression of inflammatory proteins such as p-NF-κB and tumor necrosis factor alpha-α. In particular, JP5 and BG1 decreased the expression of components of the NLRP3 inflammasome, a key inflammatory signaling factor. Thus, JP5 and BG1 inhibited both oxidative stress and inflammation. CONCLUSIONS JP5 and BG1 protect against oxidative stress and inflammation induced by heat stress and help maintain liver function by preventing liver damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Boo-Yong Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang D, Chen Y, Xu X, Xiang H, Shi Y, Gao Y, Wang X, Jiang X, Li N, Pan J. Autophagy inhibits the mesenchymal stem cell aging induced by D-galactose through ROS/JNK/p38 signalling. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2019; 47:466-477. [PMID: 31675454 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy and cellular senescence are two critical responses of mammalian cells to stress and may have a direct relationship given that they respond to the same set of stimuli, including oxidative stress, DNA damage, and telomere shortening. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as reliable cell sources for stem cell transplantation and are currently being tested in numerous clinical trials. However, the effects of autophagy on MSC senescence and corresponding mechanisms have not been fully evaluated. Several studies demonstrated that autophagy level increases in aging MSCs and the downregulation of autophagy can delay MSC senescence, which is inconsistent with most studies that showed autophagy could play a protective role in stem cell senescence. To further study the relationship between autophagy and MSC senescence and explore the effects and mechanisms of premodulated autophagy on MSC senescence, we induced the up- or down-regulation of autophagy by using rapamycin (Rapa) or 3-methyladenine, respectively, before MSC senescence induced by D-galactose (D-gal). Results showed that pretreatment with Rapa for 24 hours remarkably alleviated MSC aging induced by D-gal and inhibited ROS generation. p-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) and p-38 expression were also clearly decreased in the Rapa group. Moreover, the protective effect of Rapa on MSC senescence can be abolished by enhancing the level of ROS, and p38 inhibitor can reverse the promoting effect of H2 O2 on MSC senescence. In summary, the present study indicates that autophagy plays a protective role in MSC senescence induced by D-gal, and ROS/JNK/p38 signalling plays an important mediating role in autophagy-delaying MSC senescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dayong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Chen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianbin Xu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haoyi Xiang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yizhan Shi
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuefan Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China.,People 's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianping Pan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Okuno T, Koutsogiannaki S, Hou L, Bu W, Ohto U, Eckenhoff RG, Yokomizo T, Yuki K. Volatile anesthetics isoflurane and sevoflurane directly target and attenuate Toll-like receptor 4 system. FASEB J 2019; 33:14528-14541. [PMID: 31675483 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901570r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
General anesthesia has been the requisite component of surgical procedures for over 150 yr. Although immunomodulatory effects of volatile anesthetics have been growingly appreciated, the molecular mechanism has not been understood. In septic mice, the commonly used volatile anesthetic isoflurane attenuated the production of 5-lipoxygenase products and IL-10 and reduced CD11b and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression on neutrophils, suggesting the attenuation of TLR4 signaling. We confirmed the attenuation of TLR4 signaling in vitro and their direct binding to TLR4-myeloid differentiation-2 (MD-2) complex by photolabeling experiments. The binding sites of volatile anesthetics isoflurane and sevoflurane were located near critical residues for TLR4-MD-2 complex formation and TLR4-MD-2-LPS dimerization. Additionally, TLR4 activation was not attenuated by intravenous anesthetics, except for a high concentration of propofol. Considering the important role of TLR4 system in the perioperative settings, these findings suggest the possibility that anesthetic choice may modulate the outcome in patients or surgical cases in which TLR4 activation is expected.-Okuno, T., Koutsogiannaki, S., Hou, L., Bu, W., Ohto, U., Eckenhoff, R. G., Yokomizo, T., Yuki, K. Volatile anesthetics isoflurane and sevoflurane directly target and attenuate Toll-like receptor 4 system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Okuno
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sophia Koutsogiannaki
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Anesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lifei Hou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Anesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Weiming Bu
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Umeharu Ohto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Roderic G Eckenhoff
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Takehiko Yokomizo
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Yuki
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Anesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
TIPE2 ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced apoptosis and inflammation in acute lung injury. Inflamm Res 2019; 68:981-992. [PMID: 31486847 PMCID: PMC7096061 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-019-01280-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Tumour necrosis factor-α-induced protein 8-like 2 (TIPE2) has strong anti-inflammatory properties. However, it is unknown whether increased TIPE2 is protective against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI. In the current study, we aimed to investigate whether increased TIPE2 can exert protective effects in a mouse model of ALI induced by LPS. Methods We administered TIPE2 adeno-associated virus (AAV-TIPE2) intratracheally into the lungs of mice. Three weeks later, ALI was induced by intratracheal injection of LPS into BALB/c mice. Twenty-four hours later, lung bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was acquired to analyse cells and protein, arterial blood was collected for arterial blood gas analysis and the determination of pro-inflammatory factor levels, and lung issues were collected for histologic examination, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), TUNEL staining, wet/dry (W/D) weight ratio analysis, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity analysis and blot analysis of protein expression. Results We found that TIPE2 overexpression markedly mitigated LPS-induced lung injury, which was evaluated by the deterioration of histopathology, histologic scores, the W/D weight ratio, and total protein expression in the BALF. Moreover, TIPE2 overexpression markedly attenuated lung inflammation, as evidenced by the downregulation of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) in the BALF, lung MPO activity, and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in the serum. Moreover, TIPE2 overexpression not only dramatically prevented LPS-induced pulmonary cell apoptosis in mice but also blocked LPS-activated JNK phosphorylation and NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. Conclusions Our study shows that the increased expression of AAV-mediated TIPE2 in the lungs of mice inhibits acute inflammation and apoptosis and suppresses the activation of NF-κB and JNK in a murine model of ALI.
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhao J, Xu SZ, Liu J. Fibrinopeptide A induces C-reactive protein expression through the ROS-ERK1/2/p38-NF-κB signal pathway in the human umbilical vascular endothelial cells. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:13481-13492. [PMID: 30633345 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the arterial wall. Inflammation causes endothelial injury and dysfunction, which is an initial step of atherosclerosis. Fibrinopeptide A (FPA) is a biomarker of the activation of the coagulation system, and a high concentration of FPA in the blood occurs in patients with ischemic cardiocerebrovascular diseases. The present research observed that FPA stimulated the generation of C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-1β, and IL-6 in human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs); and anti-IL-1 β and anti-IL-6 neutralizing antibodies did not alter FPA-induced CRP expression in HUVECs. The subchronic administration of FPA into rats increased the plasma FPA and CRP levels. Further studies showed that FPA stimulated superoxide anion generation, activated ERK1/2 and p38, promoted nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) nuclear translocation, and raised the NF-κB level in the nuclei of HUVECs. Antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC), complex II inhibitor thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTFA), and NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) inhibited FPA-stimulated generation of superoxide anion, and NAC reduced FPA-induced expressions of the phosphorylated ERK1/2 and p38. NAC, TTFA, DPI, inhibitors of ERK1/2, p38, and NF-κB all downregulated FPA-induced CRP expression. These results indicate that FPA induces CRP expression in HUVECs via the ROS-ERK1/2/p38-NF-κB signal pathway. Moreover, this is the first report that FPA produces a proinflammatory effect on the vascular endothelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Shou-Zhu Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, China.,Department of Public Health, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang City, China
| | - Juntian Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Yang YQ, Yan XT, Wang K, Tian RM, Lu ZY, Wu LL, Xu HT, Wu YS, Liu XS, Mao W, Xu P, Liu B. Triptriolide Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Liver Injury by Nrf2 and NF-κB Signaling Pathways. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:999. [PMID: 30210350 PMCID: PMC6124152 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nrf2 (Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2 Related Factor 2) transcription factor not only regulates oxidative stress response, but also represses inflammation by regulating cytokines production and cross-talking with NF-κB signaling pathways. Nrf2 plays an essential role in liver injury induced by oxidative stress and inflammation. Triptriolide (T11) is a minor component of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F. (TwHF), which can be obtained by hydrolysis reaction of triptolide (T9). The major purpose of this study is to clarify the regulating effects of T11 on oxidative stress and inflammation in vivo and in vitro. LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were used to verify the regulating effects of T11 on oxidative stress (ROS and Nrf2 signaling pathway) and inflammatory cytokines production (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β). The antioxidant responsive element (ARE) luciferase assay was employed to evaluate Nrf2 activation effect of T11 in HEK-293T cells. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced acute liver injury (ALI) in BALB/c mice were used to study the protective effects (ALT, AST, MDA, SOD, histopathology and neutrophils/macrophages filtration) and the underlying protection mechanisms of ALI amelioration (Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling pathway) of T11. Firstly, the results showed that T11 can not only effectively decrease the productions of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β), ROS and NO in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, but also further significantly increase the activity of Nrf2 in HEK-293T cells. Secondly, the results suggested that T11 could dramatically decrease the oxidative stress responses (SOD and MDA) and inflammation (histopathology, neutrophils/macrophages filtration, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β production) in LPS-induced ALI in BALB/c mice. Finally, the results implied that T11 could dramatically increase Nrf2 protein expression and decrease p-TAK1, p-IκBα and NF-κB protein expression both in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, our findings indicated that T11 could alleviate LPS induced oxidative stress and inflammation by regulating Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling pathways in vitro and in vivo, which offers a novel insights for the application of TwHF in clinical.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Qi Yang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Teng Yan
- Affiliated Huai'an Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Kai Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui-Min Tian
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhao-Yu Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Lan Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Tao Xu
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Shan Wu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu-Sheng Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Mao
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Xu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yang M, Teng S, Ma C, Yu Y, Wang P, Yi C. Ascorbic acid inhibits senescence in mesenchymal stem cells through ROS and AKT/mTOR signaling. Cytotechnology 2018; 70:1301-1313. [PMID: 29777434 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-018-0220-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) aging seriously affects its function in stem cell transplantation for treatment. Extensive studies have focused on how to inhibit senescence in MSCs. However, the mechanism of senescence in MSC was not clear. In this study, we used D-galactose to induce MSC aging. Then we found that the number of aging cells was increased compared with untreated MSCs. We discovered that ascorbic acid could inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activation of AKT/mTOR signaling in MSCs caused by D-galactose. Especially, when treated together with a ROS scavenger or AKT inhibitor, the senescent cells were obviously decreased in D-galactose-induced MSCs. Taken together, we identify that ascorbic acid owns the potential to inhibit the senescence of MSCs through ROS and Akt/mTOR signaling. Together, our data supports that ascorbic acid can be used to prevent MSCs from senescence, which can enhance the efficiency of stem cell transplantation in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengkai Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Songsong Teng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Chunhui Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Yinxian Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Peilin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Chengqing Yi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Tumor Microenvironment Transformation: The Mechanism of Radioresistant Gastric Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:5801209. [PMID: 29770167 PMCID: PMC5892229 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5801209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Radioresistance is one of the primary causes responsible for therapeutic failure and recurrence of cancer. It is well documented that reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to the initiation and development of gastric cancer (GC), and the levels of ROS are significantly increased in patients with GC accompanied with abnormal expressions of multiple inflammatory factors. It is also well documented that ROS can activate cancer cells and inflammatory cells, stimulating the release of a variety of inflammatory cytokines, which subsequently mediates the tumor microenvironment (TME) and promotes cancer stem cell (CSC) maintenance as well as renewal and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), ultimately resulting in radioresistance and recurrence of GC.
Collapse
|
26
|
Cuong TT, Diem GH, Doan TT, Huy NQ, Phuong N, Hung HT. Wedelolactone from Vietnamese Eclipta prostrata (L) L . Protected Zymosan-induced shock in Mice. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2018; 17:653-660. [PMID: 29881422 PMCID: PMC5985182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Wedelolactone is known to have biological activities such as anti-inflammation hepatitis, anti-hepatotoxic activity, and trypsin inhibitory effect. However, up to date, there has not been any deep study on the role of wedelolactone for zymosan-induced signaling pathways in the process of regulating the excessive inflammatory responses in host. Here, we demonstrated that wedelolactone plays an essential role for regulation of zymosan-induced inflammatory responses in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). The zymosan-mediated secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF)-α), interleukin (IL)-6), and IL12p40 but not IL-10 in BMDMs was significantly inhibited by pre-treatment with wedelolactone (30 µg/mL, P < 0.001). Furthermore, zymosan-induced supreoxide generation, NADPH oxidase (P < 0.001), phosphorylation of p47phox in BMDMs were significantly reduced by pre-treatment of wedelolactone (30 µg/mL). Collectively, these data indicated that wedelolactone reduced zymosan-induced inflammatory responses. Moreover, in-vivo wedelolactone (30 mg/kg) was significantly rescued from zymosan-induced shock through inhibition of systemic inflammatory cytokine levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trinh Tat Cuong
- Key Laboratory for Enzyme and Protein Technology, Hanoi University of Science, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Corresponding author: E-mail:
| | - Giang Huy Diem
- Key Laboratory for Enzyme and Protein Technology, Hanoi University of Science, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Tran Trung Doan
- Key Laboratory for Enzyme and Protein Technology, Hanoi University of Science, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Nguyen Quang Huy
- Faculty of Biology, Hanoi University of Science, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Nguyen Phuong
- National centre for Technological progress, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Hoang the Hung
- Institute of scientific research in military logistics/military academy of logistic, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Li JT, Wang WQ, Wang L, Liu NN, Zhao YL, Zhu XS, Liu QQ, Gao CF, Yang AG, Jia LT. Subanesthetic isoflurane relieves zymosan-induced neutrophil inflammatory response by targeting NMDA glutamate receptor and Toll-like receptor 2 signaling. Oncotarget 2017; 7:31772-89. [PMID: 27144523 PMCID: PMC5077975 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil release of NO/ONOO− induces endothelial cell barrier dysfunction in inflammatory acute lung injury (ALI). Previous studies using zymosan-triggered inflammation and ALI model revealed that zymosan promotes inducible NO synthase (iNOS) expression in neutrophils, and that isoflurane inhibits zymosan-induced oxidative stress and iNOS biosynthesis. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. We found here that in zymosan-primed neutrophils, iNOS is transcriptionally activated by NF-κB, whose nuclear translocation is triggered by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and consequently activated p38 MAPK. ROS production is attributed to zymosan-initiated Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) signaling, in which the adaptor MyD88 recruits and activates c-Src, and c-Src activates NADPH oxidase to generate ROS. Subanesthetic isoflurane counteracts the aforementioned zymosan-induced signaling by targeting N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) glutamate receptor and thereby suppressing calcium influx and c-Src activation. Whereas iNOS accelerates NO/ONOO− production in neutrophils which eventually promote protein leak from pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVEC), isoflurane reduced NO/ONOO− release from zymosan-treated neutrophils, and thus relieves trans- PMVEC protein leak. This study provides novel insights into the roles of neutrophils and the underlying mechanisms in zymosan-induced ALI, and has implications for the therapeutic potential of subanesthetic isoflurane in attenuating inflammatory responses causing lung endothelial cell damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Tang Li
- Centre of Inflammation and Cancer Research, 150th Central Hospital of PLA, Luoyang, Henan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei-Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | | | - Ning-Ning Liu
- Centre of Inflammation and Cancer Research, 150th Central Hospital of PLA, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Ya-Li Zhao
- Centre of Inflammation and Cancer Research, 150th Central Hospital of PLA, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Xiao-Shan Zhu
- Centre of Inflammation and Cancer Research, 150th Central Hospital of PLA, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Qin-Qin Liu
- Centre of Inflammation and Cancer Research, 150th Central Hospital of PLA, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Chun-Fang Gao
- Centre of Inflammation and Cancer Research, 150th Central Hospital of PLA, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - An-Gang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lin-Tao Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
Volatile general anesthetics continue to be an important part of clinical anesthesia worldwide. The impact of volatile anesthetics on the immune system has been investigated at both mechanistic and clinical levels, but previous studies have returned conflicting findings due to varied protocols, experimental environments, and subject species. While many of these studies have focused on the immunosuppressive effects of volatile anesthetics, compelling evidence also exists for immunoactivation. Depending on the clinical conditions, immunosuppression and activation due to volatile anesthetics can be either detrimental or beneficial. This review provides a balanced perspective on the anesthetic modulation of innate and adaptive immune responses as well as indirect effectors of immunity. Potential mechanisms of immunomodulation by volatile anesthetics are also discussed. A clearer understanding of these issues will pave the way for clinical guidelines that better account for the impact of volatile anesthetics on the immune system, with the ultimate goal of improving perioperative management.
Collapse
|
29
|
Wu D, Luo N, Wang L, Zhao Z, Bu H, Xu G, Yan Y, Che X, Jiao Z, Zhao T, Chen J, Ji A, Li Y, Lee GD. Hydrogen sulfide ameliorates chronic renal failure in rats by inhibiting apoptosis and inflammation through ROS/MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Sci Rep 2017; 7:455. [PMID: 28352125 PMCID: PMC5428696 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00557-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a major public health problem worldwide. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays important roles in renal physiological and pathophysiological processes. However, whether H2S could protect against CRF in rats remains unclear. In this study, we found that H2S alleviated gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated apoptosis in normal rat kidney-52E cells. We demonstrated that H2S significantly improved the kidney structure and function of CRF rats. We found that H2S decreased the protein levels of Bax, Caspase-3, and Cleaved-caspase-3, but increased the expression of Bcl-2. Treatment with H2S reduced the levels of malondialdehyde and ROS and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. H2S significantly abolished the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38 in the kidney of CRF rats. Furthermore, H2S decreased the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, as well as the protein levels of p50, p65, and p-p65 in the kidney of CRF rats. In conclusion, H2S could ameliorate adenine-induced CRF in rats by inhibiting apoptosis and inflammation through ROS/mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Wu
- Henan University School of Medicine, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Ning Luo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, Henan, China
| | - Lianqu Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, Henan, China
| | - Zhijun Zhao
- Luohe Medical College, Luohe, 462002, Henan, China
| | - Hongmin Bu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, Henan, China
| | - Guoliang Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, Henan, China
| | - Yongjun Yan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, Henan, China
| | - Xinping Che
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, Henan, China
| | - Zhiling Jiao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, Henan, China
| | - Tengfu Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, Henan, China
| | - Jingtao Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, Henan, China
| | - Ailing Ji
- Henan University School of Medicine, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Yanzhang Li
- Henan University School of Medicine, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China.
| | - Garrick D Lee
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ren H, Shi X, Li Y. Reduction of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and cyclooxygenase-2 signaling by isoflurane inhibits proliferation and apoptosis evasion in human papillomavirus-infected laryngeal papillomas. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:3425-3432. [PMID: 27882174 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Human laryngeal papilloma (LP) is a human papillomavirus-induced hyperplastic tumor of the respiratory tract, which is characterized by rapid growth and apoptosis resistance. Isoflurane (ISO) inhibits proliferation and elicits apoptosis in cancer cells. The results of the present study found that the mRNA and protein levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) were higher in LP tissues than in normal laryngeal samples, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production was increased in LP cells, as determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot and radioimmunoassay analyses. Notably, the increase in COX2 and PGE2 levels was significantly abrogated in the ISO-treated LP cells. The inhibitory effects of ISO on COX2 expression and activity depended on the inactivation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in LP cells. By inhibiting the COX2 activity of LP cells, ISO treatment markedly suppressed cell viability and proliferation, as determined using Cell Counting Kit-8, flow cytometry and 5-ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine incorporation assays. Furthermore, ISO treatment promoted cell apoptosis, as demonstrated by flow cytometry, nucleosomal fragmentation and caspase-3 activity assays. Collectively, the present results suggest that COX2 is critical in the progression of LP, and ISO is a potential agent for LP therapy by impeding p38 MAPK/COX2 signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Ren
- Department of Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojuan Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan 450012, P.R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Prasad S, Gupta SC, Tyagi AK. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cancer: Role of antioxidative nutraceuticals. Cancer Lett 2016; 387:95-105. [PMID: 27037062 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 585] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Extensive research over the past half a century indicates that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in cancer. Although low levels of ROS can be beneficial, excessive accumulation can promote cancer. One characteristic of cancer cells that distinguishes them from normal cells is their ability to produce increased numbers of ROS and their increased dependence on an antioxidant defense system. ROS are produced as a byproduct intracellularly by mitochondria and other cellular elements and exogenously by pollutants, tobacco, smoke, drugs, xenobiotics, and radiation. ROS modulate various cell signaling pathways, which are primarily mediated through the transcription factors NF-κB and STAT3, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, kinases, growth factors, cytokines and other proteins, and enzymes; these pathways have been linked to cellular transformation, inflammation, tumor survival, proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis of cancer. ROS are also associated with epigenetic changes in genes, which is helpful in diagnosing diseases. This review considers the role of ROS in the various stages of cancer development. Finally, we provide evidence that nutraceuticals derived from Mother Nature are highly effective in eliminating cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahdeo Prasad
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
| | - Subash C Gupta
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Amit K Tyagi
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zhao J, Liu J, Pang X, Zhang X, Wang S, Wu D. Rosiglitazone attenuates angiotensin II-induced C-reactive protein expression in hepatocytes via inhibiting AT1/ROS/MAPK signal pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 31:178-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
33
|
Maresin 1, a Proresolving Lipid Mediator, Mitigates Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Injury in Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:9203716. [PMID: 26881046 PMCID: PMC4736805 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9203716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Maresin 1 (MaR 1) was recently reported to have protective properties in several different animal models of acute inflammation by inhibiting inflammatory response. However, its function in acute liver injury is still unknown. To address this question, we induced liver injury in BALB/c mice with intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride with or without treatment of MaR 1. Our data showed that MaR 1 attenuated hepatic injury, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation induced by carbon tetrachloride, as evidenced by increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and reactive oxygen species levels were inhibited by treatment of MaR 1. Furthermore, MaR 1 increased activities of antioxidative mediators in carbon tetrachloride-treated mice liver. MaR 1 decreased indices of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, myeloperoxidase, cyclooxygenase-2, and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Administration of MaR 1 inhibited activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κb) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in the liver of CCl4 treated mice. In conclusion, these results suggested the antioxidative, anti-inflammatory properties of MaR 1 in CCl4 induced liver injury. The possible mechanism is partly implicated in its abilities to inhibit ROS generation and activation of NF-κb and MAPK pathway.
Collapse
|
34
|
Wang X, Zhong W. Isorhamnetin attenuates collagen-induced arthritis via modulating cytokines and oxidative stress in mice. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:16536-16542. [PMID: 26629181 PMCID: PMC4659069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress were involved in the development and progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Isorhamnetin has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities, but its effects on RA have not been investigated. In order to observe the possible therapeutic effects of isorhamnetin on RA, we established a collagen-induced arthritis mouse model and treated the animal with isorhamnetin for 3 weeks. Besides, fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and isorhamnetin. The severity of arthritis was assessed by arthritis score, joint destruction score and inflammation score. Levels of cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-10 and IL-35 in the joint tissue homogenate and cell culture medium as well as anti-type II collagen antibody in serum were measured using ELISA. Contents of H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) in joint tissue homogenate were measured using assay kits. We found collagen immunization induced significant arthritis in mice and isorhamnetin at the dose of 10 and 20 mg/kg/day could significantly attenuate the collagen-induced arthritis. Isorhamnetin also modulated the production of cytokines and suppressed the oxidative stress in the mice with collagen-induced arthritis at the dose of 10 and 20 mg/kg/day. These data suggested that isorhamnetin might be a potential agent for the management of RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College Weifang 261053, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College Weifang 261053, Shandong, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Captopril Pretreatment Produces an Additive Cardioprotection to Isoflurane Preconditioning in Attenuating Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Rabbits and in Humans. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:819232. [PMID: 26273143 PMCID: PMC4530291 DOI: 10.1155/2015/819232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Pretreatment with the angiotensin-converting inhibitor captopril or volatile anesthetic isoflurane has, respectively, been shown to attenuate myocardial ischemia reperfusion (MI/R) injury in rodents and in patients. It is unknown whether or not captopril pretreatment and isoflurane preconditioning (Iso) may additively or synergistically attenuate MI/R injury. Methods and Results. Patients selected for heart valve replacement surgery were randomly assigned to five groups: untreated control (Control), captopril pretreatment for 3 days (Cap3d), or single dose captopril (Cap1hr, 1 hour) before surgery with or without Iso (Cap3d+Iso and Cap1hr+Iso). Rabbit MI/R model was induced by occluding coronary artery for 30 min followed by 2-hour reperfusion. Rabbits were randomized to receive sham operation (Sham), MI/R (I/R), captopril (Cap, 24 hours before MI/R), Iso, or the combination of captopril and Iso (Iso+Cap). In patients, Cap3d+Iso but not Cap1hr+Iso additively reduced postischemic myocardial injury and attenuated postischemic myocardial inflammation. In rabbits, Cap or Iso significantly reduced postischemic myocardial infarction. Iso+Cap additively reduced cellular injury that was associated with improved postischemic myocardial functional recovery and reduced myocardial apoptosis and attenuated oxidative stress. Conclusion. A joint use of 3-day captopril treatment and isoflurane preconditioning additively attenuated MI/R by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation.
Collapse
|
36
|
Impact of Volatile Anesthetics on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:242709. [PMID: 26101769 PMCID: PMC4458520 DOI: 10.1155/2015/242709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The safety of anesthesia, which is an important step for surgery, can be determined by its impact on oxidative stress and inflammation. The effects of volatile anesthetics such as isoflurane and sevoflurane on oxidative stress and inflammation are reviewed in various (1) cell lines, (2) rodents, and (3) human studies. Isoflurane and sevoflurane are reported to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in all cells with exception of neuronal cell lines. In addition, various animal studies have indicated that isoflurane and sevoflurane were not only safe but also reduced oxidative stress and inflammation in rodent models. In human studies, oxidative stress, inflammation, and DNA damage were not affected by isoflurane and sevoflurane in patients undergoing minor incision surgeries. On the other hand, elevated oxidative stress, inflammation, and DNA damage have been observed in patients undergoing major surgeries such as abdominal and orthopedic surgeries, hysterectomy, cholecystectomy, and thoracotomy. Although impact of anesthetics on oxidative stress and inflammation is still not clear due to the variations of patients' health conditions, types of surgery and the quantities of anesthetics, isoflurane, and sevoflurane can be considered safe anesthetics with respect to their effect on oxidative stress and inflammation in subjects undergoing minor surgery. Continuous effort evaluating the safety of anesthesia in various aspects is required.
Collapse
|
37
|
Rhamnetin attenuates cognitive deficit and inhibits hippocampal inflammatory response and oxidative stress in rats with traumatic brain injury. Cent Eur J Immunol 2015; 40:35-41. [PMID: 26155182 PMCID: PMC4472538 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2015.50831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of the immune system in the central nervous system and oxidative stress play important roles in traumatic brain injury (TBI)-induced cognitive impairment. Rhamnetin possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. This study aimed to detect the possible effects of rhamnetin on cognitive deficit, hippocampal inflammatory factors, and oxidative stress in rats with TBI. In this study, we established the traumatic brain injury model in rats. Rats respectively received vehicle saline or rhamnetin for 21 days. Cognitive functions were evaluated by assessing the acquisition of spatial learning and memory retention in Morris Water Maze test from day 15 to 19 post TBI. Levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-a), IL-10, and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) in hippocampal homogenate were measured using ELISA. Oxidative stress was analysed by investigating the activities of MDA, H2O2, SOD, and GSH-Px. We found that rhamnetin significantly improved cognitive impairment in rats with TBI, and inhibited the inflammatory response and oxidative stress in the hippocampus. The results suggested that rhamnetin could enhance the recovery of cognitive deficits induced by TBI, and that its mechanism might be associated with the inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress in the hippocampus.
Collapse
|
38
|
Prognostic value of sCD14-ST (presepsin) in cardiac surgery. POLISH JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY 2015; 12:30-6. [PMID: 26336475 PMCID: PMC4520515 DOI: 10.5114/kitp.2015.50565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Prediction of complications and mortality after cardiac surgery is an important aspect of timely correction of these conditions. One possibility in this case is the use of biomarkers and some prognostic scores. Aim of the study To study the prognostic value of presepsin (PSP) as a predictor of postoperative complications development in cardiosurgical patients. Material and methods Patients operated for acquired heart diseases with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were included in the study (n = 51, age: 58 ± 11 years). Besides routine clinical and laboratory data, PSP and procalcitonin (PCT) levels were monitored perioperatively (before surgery, and on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 6th day after surgery). Results There were no clinical signs of infection before surgery in any of the studied patients. We found supranormal PSP levels in 6 patients (11.8%) before operations (543 [519-602] pg/ml, max 1597 pg/ml; normal value: 365 pg/ml). Infectious complications developed in 19 patients (37%). Statistically significant differences in PSP levels, APACHE II (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II) and SOFA (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment) scores in groups of patients with and without infection were documented from the 1st and in PCT from the 2nd day after the operation. The cut-off values were 702 pg/ml, 8.5 points, 7.5 points and 3.3 ng/ml, respectively. Hospital mortality was 13.7% (7 patients); all cases of death were in the group of patients with infectious complications. Statistically significant differences in PCT levels, APACHE II and SOFA scores between the groups with favorable and lethal outcomes were observed from the first postoperative day. The same for PSP levels was documented only on the 3rd postoperative day. The cut-off values were 7.42 ng/ml, 11 points, 8.5 points and 683 pg/ml, respectively. Conclusion The use of modern biomarkers alongside integral severity-of-disease scores allows prediction of the risk of infectious complications and mortality in cardiosurgical patients.
Collapse
|
39
|
Coenzyme Q10 inhibits the aging of mesenchymal stem cells induced by D-galactose through Akt/mTOR signaling. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:867293. [PMID: 25789082 PMCID: PMC4348608 DOI: 10.1155/2015/867293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidences indicate that reactive oxygen species are the main factor promoting stem cell aging. Recent studies have demonstrated that coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) plays a positive role in organ and cellular aging. However, the potential for CoQ10 to protect stem cell aging has not been fully evaluated, and the mechanisms of cell senescence inhibited by CoQ10 are still poorly understood. Our previous study had indicated that D-galactose (D-gal) can remarkably induce mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) aging through promoting intracellular ROS generation. In this study, we showed that CoQ10 could significantly inhibit MSC aging induced by D-gal. Moreover, in the CoQ10 group, the expression of p-Akt and p-mTOR was clearly reduced compared with that in the D-gal group. However, after Akt activating by CA-Akt plasmid, the senescence-cell number in the CoQ10 group was significantly higher than that in the control group. These results indicated that CoQ10 could inhibit D-gal-induced MSC aging through the Akt/mTOR signaling.
Collapse
|