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Bhattacharyya K, Kumar A, Tyagi D, Tripathi AK, Tyagi AK. Role of Constituent Oxides for Thermal Mineralization of o-Dichloro Benzene over Mixed-Oxide-TiO 2 Catalysts: A Mechanistic Explanation. Chemphyschem 2024:e202300472. [PMID: 38487944 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Catalysts with V2O5, WO3 and V2O5-WO3 dispersed over TiO2 were synthesized using sol-gel technique and thoroughly characterized by various techniques. The catalysts were evaluated for degradation of ortho-dichloro benzene (o-DCB) in air/helium, a representative probe molecule for polychlorinated dibenzo-para-dioxin and polychlorinated dibenzofuran by employing in situ Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR spectroscopy). Different intermediate species formed on the surface of the TiO2 supported catalysts through of interaction of sorbate molecules with the lattice and/or gaseous oxygen were investigated in detail. Analysis of vibrational bands, observed during sorption of o-DCB and o-DCB-air mixture as a function of temperature over these catalysts, delineated the role of surface intermediate species such as phenolate, enolates, maleates, carboxylates, carbonates in mineralization of o-DCB. Nature and stability of intermediate species, found to be different over these catalysts, were able to elucidate the catalytic activity trend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaustava Bhattacharyya
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400 085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - Adarsh Kumar
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400 085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - Deepak Tyagi
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400 085, India
| | - A K Tripathi
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400 085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - A K Tyagi
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400 085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400 094, India
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Dixit S, Kumar S, Sharma R, Banakar PS, Singh M, Keshri A, Tyagi AK. Rumen multi-omics addressing diet-host-microbiome interplay in farm animals: a review. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:3187-3205. [PMID: 35713100 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2078979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Continuous improvement in the living standards of developing countries, calls for an urgent need of high quality meat and dairy products. The farm animals have a micro-ecosystem in gastro-intestinal tract, comprising of a wide variety of flora and fauna which converts roughages and agricultural byproducts as well as nutrient rich concentrate sources into the useful products such as volatile fatty acids and microbial crude proteins. The microbial diversity changes according to composition of the feed, host species/breed and host's individual genetic makeup. From culture methods to next-generation sequencing technologies, the knowledge has emerged a lot to know-how of microbial world viz. their identification, enzymatic activities and metabolites which are the keys of ruminant's successful existence. The structural composition of ruminal community revealed through metagenomics can be elaborated by metatranscriptomics and metabolomics through deciphering their functional role in metabolism and their responses to the external and internal stimuli. These highly sophisticated analytical tools have made possible to correlate the differences in the feed efficiency, nutrients utilization and methane emissions to their rumen microbiome. The comprehensively understood rumen microbiome will enhance the knowledge in the fields of animal nutrition, biotechnology and climatology through deciphering the significance of each and every domain of residing microbial entity. The present review undertakes the recent investigations regarding rumen multi-omics viz. taxonomic and functional potential of microbial populations, host-diet-microbiome interactions and correlation with metabolic dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonam Dixit
- Rumen Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Animal Nutrition, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Rumen Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Animal Nutrition, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Ritu Sharma
- Rumen Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Animal Nutrition, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - P S Banakar
- Rumen Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Animal Nutrition, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Manvendra Singh
- Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda, India
| | - Anchal Keshri
- Rumen Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Animal Nutrition, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - A K Tyagi
- Rumen Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Animal Nutrition, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India
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Guleria A, Aishwarya J, Kunwar A, Neogy S, Debnath AK, Rath MC, Adhikari S, Tyagi AK. Solvated electron-induced synthesis of cyclodextrin-coated Pd nanoparticles: mechanistic, catalytic, and anticancer studies. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:1036-1051. [PMID: 36602081 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03219h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Herein, using in situ generated solvated electrons in the reaction media, a highly time-efficient, one-pot green approach has been employed to synthesize palladium (Pd) nanoparticles (NPs) coated with a molecular assembly of α-cyclodextrin (α-CD). The appearance of a shoulder peak at 280 nm in the UV-Vis absorption spectra indicated the formation of Pd NPs, which was further confirmed from their cubic phase XRD pattern. The nanomorphology varied considerably as a function of the dose rate, wherein sphere-shaped NPs (average size ∼ 7.6 nm) were formed in the case of high dose rate electron-beam assisted synthesis, while nanoflakes self-assembled to form nanoflower-shaped morphologies in a γ-ray mediated approach involving a low dose rate. The formation kinetics of NPs was investigated by pulse radiolysis which revealed the formation of Pd-based transients by the solvated electron-induced reaction. Importantly, no interference of α-CD was observed in the kinetics of the transient species, rather it played the role of a morphology directing agent in addition to a biocompatible stabilizing agent. The catalytic studies revealed that the morphology of the NPs has a significant effect on the reduction efficiency of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol. Another important highlight of this work is the demonstration of the morphology-dependent anticancer efficacy of Pd NPs against lung and brain cancer cells. Notably, flower-shaped Pd NPs exhibited significantly higher cancer cell killing as compared to spherical NPs, while being less toxic towards normal lung fibroblasts. Nonetheless, these findings show the promising potential of Pd NPs in anticancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Guleria
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India. .,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, Trombay, India
| | - J Aishwarya
- ACTREC (TMC), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, Trombay, India
| | - A Kunwar
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India. .,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, Trombay, India
| | - S Neogy
- Materials Science Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - A K Debnath
- Technical Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - M C Rath
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India. .,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, Trombay, India
| | - S Adhikari
- Scientific Information Resource Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, Trombay, India
| | - A K Tyagi
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India. .,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, Trombay, India
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Singh M, Kumar S, Banakar PS, Vinay VV, Das A, Tyagi N, Tyagi AK. Synbiotic formulation of Cichorium intybus root powder with Lactobacillus acidophilus NCDC15 and Lactobacillus reuteri BFE7 improves growth performance in Murrah buffalo calves via altering selective gut health indices. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:291. [PMID: 33909188 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02733-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of synbiotic formulation of Cichorium intybus root powder (C) with Lactobacillus acidophilus NCDC15 (LA) and Lactobacillus reuteri BFE7 (LR) on growth performance in Murrah buffalo calves via monitoring selective gut health indices. Twenty-four Murrah buffalo calves of 5-7 days old and 33 ± 2.0 kg of body weight were distributed randomly into three groups adopting complete randomized design (CRD) as follows: (1) group I served as control (CON) provided with a basal diet alone; (2) group II supplemented with synbiotic formulation of 200 mL L. acidophilus NCDC15 fermented milk with 8 g of Cichorium intybus root powder (LAC) along with basal diet; (3) group III supplemented with synbiotic formulation of 200 mL L. reuteri BFE7 fermented milk with 8 g of Cichorium intybus root powder (LRC) along with basal diet. The final body weight (BW), average dry matter intake (DMI) and structural body measurements were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in LAC and LRC groups by synbiotic as compared to the CON. No effect was registered on apparent nutrient digestibility coefficient of various nutrients in supplemented groups. Faecal score was reduced by the supplementation of synbiotic being lowest in LRC followed by LAC and CON. Calves supplemented synbiotic showed lower (P < 0.05) faecal pH and ammonia with a concomitant increase in faecal lactate levels and faecal short chain fatty acids (SCFA) as compared to control. The faecal Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium population was increased (P < 0.05) in synbiotic fed groups as compared to control. Additionally, coliform and clostridia count was decreased (P < 0.05) in treatment groups compared to CON. Overall, it may be concluded that synbiotic supplementation was effective in improving the growth performance in Murrah buffalo calves via altering selective gut health indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manpreet Singh
- Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India.
| | - P S Banakar
- Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - V V Vinay
- Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Asit Das
- Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Nitin Tyagi
- Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - A K Tyagi
- Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India
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Tyagi A, Nigam S, Sudarsan V, Majumder C, Vatsa RK, Tyagi AK. Why Do Relative Intensities of Charge Transfer and Intra-4f Transitions of Eu 3+ Ion Invert in Yttrium Germanate Hosts? Unravelling the Underlying Intricacies from Experimental and Theoretical Investigations. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:12659-12671. [PMID: 32845617 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The dominant intensity of parity-forbidden intra-4f transitions of europium(III) over O → Eu charge-transfer band (CTB) intensity is against common perceptions, yet this trend is observed in many germanate hosts and has not been rationalized so far. In search of a plausible explanation for this unusual trend, present work reports an experimental and theoretical investigations in conjunction on two sibling germanate host, namely, Y2GeO5 and Y2Ge2O7 having dopant Eu3+ in their respective YO7 polyhedra. Whereas for Y2GeO5:Eu3+, the CTB is more intense than the intra-4f transitions in the excitation spectrum, in the case of Y2Ge2O7:Eu3+, the relative intensities of CTB and intra-4f transitions are reversed. Comparative structural analysis reveals that Eu3+ present in YO7 of Y2GeO5 has a greater number of tetra-coordinated oxygen (Otetra) and yttrium atom as first and second neighbors, respectively (Eu3+-Otetra-Y3+ linkages). Conversely, in Y2Ge2O7 host, the Eu3+ ion mostly has tricoordinated oxygen (Otri) as its nearest neighbor and germanium ions next to Otri (Eu3+-Otri-Ge4+ linkage). Theoretical calculations reveal that while Y2GeO5:Eu has Otetra(4Y) dominating at the Fermi level and the 4f state of Eu3+ remains inert toward mixing, in Y2Ge2O7:Eu, the Fermi level has major contribution from Otri(2Y + 1Ge) with significant mixing with 4f states of Eu. The dominant control of Eu3+-Otri-Ge4+ linkages in geometrical and electronic structure of Y2Ge2O7:Eu owing to the GeO4 surrounding has been attributed to relative poor intensity of O → Eu CTB. Siege of Eu3+ by GeO4 and subsequent occurrence of Eu3+-Otri-Ge4+ linkages play a dual role: First, it induces electronic rigidity to hinder excitation of electron at bridging (Otri) oxygen by highly charged small Ge4+ cation; second, the covalent character in Eu-O bond is achieved by intermixing of Eu's 4f and Otri 2p orbital which facilitates relaxing of the parity-selection rule thus enhancing the probability of intra-4f transitions. The inferences drawn remain valid when extrapolated to other inorganic oxides having EuOx polyhedra surrounded by covalent units like PO4, SiO4, etc. and have a prevailing number of low-coordinated oxygen atoms and highly charged small cation in the first and second coordination shells, respectively. The optical basicity concept is also found to endorse our explanation. These remarkable generic inferences will pave the rational way for designing efficient phosphors for solid-state lighting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adish Tyagi
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai 400 085 India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai 400 094, India
| | - Sandeep Nigam
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai 400 085 India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai 400 094, India
| | - V Sudarsan
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai 400 085 India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai 400 094, India
| | - C Majumder
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai 400 085 India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai 400 094, India
| | - R K Vatsa
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai 400 085 India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai 400 094, India
| | - A K Tyagi
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai 400 085 India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai 400 094, India
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Sharma A, Datt C, Gupta R, Kumar J, . S, Tyagi AK, Mani V. Effect of supplementation of Kappaphycus alvarezii based seaweed product on rumen fermentation
parameters under in vitro conditions. IJDS 2019. [DOI: 10.33785/ijds.2019.v72i05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Tyagi AK, Prasad S. Corrigendum: Commentary: Probiotic and technological properties of Lactobacillus spp. strains from the human stomach in the search for potential candidates against gastric microbial dysbiosis. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1628. [PMID: 31379781 PMCID: PMC6657702 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amit K Tyagi
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sahdeo Prasad
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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Kalra N, Solanki SP, Tyagi AK. P101 The leeds paediatric brain arteriovenous malformation (BAVM) outcomes. J Neurol Psychiatry 2019. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2019-abn.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
ObjectivesThe commonest cause of stroke in a paediatric population is a ruptured brain ateriovenous malformation (bAVM). We aim to assess the functional outcomes of patients who have undergone operative intervention at our unit for ruptured and non-ruptured bAVMs.DesignA single centre retrospective cohort analysis of paediatric bAVM patients.Subjects10 paediatric patients at time of surgery between January 2007 – December 2017 mean age at follow up 15.9 years, range 2–26 years, mean time to follow up 6.3 years, range 1.5–11.2 years.MethodsPatients with bAVMs were identified via the paediatric neurovascular database. They were contacted via telephone and the Paediatric Quality of Life (PedsQL) questionnaire administered via parent proxy if the patient was under 18, and by the patient if above 18. Functional outcomes were assessed using the PedsQL questionnaire score and converted in to a health-related quality of life (HRQOL) score.Results10 patients underwent resection of their bAVMS, 9 survived and 7 were contactable. The mean HRQOL score 88.9 points, range 65.2–100. Only one patient had a HRQOL score below the mean of a child with chronic disease.ConclusionsThe mean HRQOL outcome score of operated paediatric bAVM was similar to that of healthy children. Patients having bAVM surgery within our unit have had a good functional outcome. Although there are small numbers in this series, there is a low incidence of operated paediatric bAVMs. Our findings suggests that such operations should be undertaken in units with expertise.
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Thareja S, Manrai M, Shukla R, Kumar Sood A, Jha A, Tyagi AK, Upreti V, Gahlot GPS, Maggo S. Pancreatitis and hyperparathyroidism: Still a rare association! Med J Armed Forces India 2019; 75:444-449. [PMID: 31719740 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Among the multitudinous etiologies of pancreatitis, primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is rarely associated with pancreatitis. However, the cause and effect relationship between the two still evokes controversy. We aimed to study and characterize the nature of pancreatic disease in PHPT. Methods A retrospective single-center study was carried out in North India over a period of 1 year (June 2015 to May 2016). All patients with pancreatitis were included. In patients with high calcium levels, Intact Parathyroid Hormone (iPTH) by Radioimmunoassay (RIA) and an Technetium 99m Sestamibi scintigraphy (MIBI-Tc-99m) scan were performed. Results During the study period, 70 patients with pancreatitis were admitted to our hospital (53 with acute pancreatitis [AP] and 17 with chronic pancreatitis [CP]). Of them, 5 patients (9.4%) were detected to have PHPT. The mean age of patients was 30.4 years (20-49 years) with 3 males and 2 females, including 1 pregnant female (29th week of gestation). Contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) abdomen was performed in 4 cases (excluding 1 pregnant patient) with mean Computed tomography severity index (CTSI) of 4.7 (2-8). Four patients were detected to have increased uptake in one of the parathyroid glands, and the fifth patient had an ectopic parathyroid uptake in the mediastinum. All the resected samples were identified as parathyroid adenoma on histology. The patients were followed up for 1 year with no reported recurrence of symptoms. Conclusion The data suggest an association between pancreatitis (both acute and chronic) and hypercalcemia due to PHPT. A high calcium value during AP or CP should always draw suspicion and warrants corresponding investigations in search of endocrine or malignant cause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Thareja
- Consultant (Medicine) & Gastroenterologist, Base Hospital, Delhi Cantt, India
| | - Manish Manrai
- Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune 411040, India
| | - Rajat Shukla
- Senior Advisor (Medicine & Gastroenterology), Command Hospital (Western Command), Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Atul Jha
- Classified Specialist (Medicine) & Gastroenterologist, Army Hospital (R&R), New Delhi, India
| | - A K Tyagi
- Professor & Head, Department of Surgery, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune 411040, India
| | - Vimal Upreti
- Senior Advisor (Medicine) & Endocrinologist, 151 Base Hospital, C/o 99 APO, India
| | - G P S Gahlot
- Classified Specialist (Pathology) & Oncopathologist, Army Hospital (R&R), New Delhi, India
| | - Sachin Maggo
- Graded Specialist (Medicine), 2009 Field Hospital, C/o 56 APO, India
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Oberai P, Mehra P, Bhalerao R, Rai Y, Choubey G, Sahoo A, Majumder AK, Sah M, Gupta AK, Tyagi AK, Siddiqui VA, Kumar A, Manchanda R. Lycopodium clavatum for the management of urolithiasis: A randomised double blind placebo controlled trial. Indian J Res Homoeopathy 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/ijrh.ijrh_30_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Guesmi F, Ben Hmed M, Prasad S, Tyagi AK, Landoulsi A. In vivo pathogenesis of colon carcinoma and its suppression by hydrophilic fractions of Clematis flammula via activation of TRAIL death machinery (DRs) expression. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:2182-2191. [PMID: 30551475 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This work focused on characterizing hydrophilic fractions of Clematis flammula (CFl). The data here clearly demonstrated that hydrolate fractions act as a free radical scavengers and inhibited proliferation of different cell lines in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, transwell, and with a significant cytotoxic effect. Treating cells with CFl had the effect of suppressing cell growth attenuated by ROS generation in colonic carcinoma. Moreover, CFl in HCT116 cells suppressed survival, proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis in vitro by inhibiting gene expression. Following CFl treatment, caspases and PARP cleavage were detected. The up- and down-regulated genes obtained from the WBA of the effect of CFl showed that several biological processes were associated with apoptosis and induction of G1 cell cycle arrest. CFl synergizes the effect of TRAIL by down-regulating the expression of cell survival proteins involved in apoptosis compared to cells treated with CFl or TRAIL alone. Our findings showed that CFl sensitizes apoptosis in TRAIL-resistant cells by activating MAPKs, SP1, and CHOP, that induced DR5 expression. Overall, our data showed that CFl is a promising antitumor agent through kinases and transcription factor induction, both of which are required to activate TRAIL receptors. Colon inflammation induced by LPS was inhibited by CFl hydrolate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Guesmi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Tunisia.
| | - Marwa Ben Hmed
- Research Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, 2112, Tunisia
| | - Sahdeo Prasad
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Amit K Tyagi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Ahmed Landoulsi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Tunisia
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Deen AU, Tyagi N, Yadav RD, Kumar S, Tyagi AK, Singh SK. Feeding balanced ration can improve the productivity and economics of milk production in dairy cattle: a comprehensive field study. Trop Anim Health Prod 2018; 51:737-744. [PMID: 30449010 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-018-1747-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asgar Ud Deen
- Animal Nutrition Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Nitin Tyagi
- Animal Nutrition Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India.
| | - Ram Dav Yadav
- Animal Nutrition Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Animal Nutrition Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - A K Tyagi
- Animal Nutrition Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Singh
- Animal Nutrition Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
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Guesmi F, Tyagi AK, Prasad S, Landoulsi A. Terpenes from essential oils and hydrolate of Teucrium alopecurus triggered apoptotic events dependent on caspases activation and PARP cleavage in human colon cancer cells through decreased protein expressions. Oncotarget 2018; 9:32305-32320. [PMID: 30190788 PMCID: PMC6122345 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study focused on characterizing the Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic fractions of Teucrium alopecurus in the context of cancer prevention and therapy. The goal was also to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved and to determine its efficacy against cancer by triggering apoptosis and suppressing tumorigenesis in human colon cancer. The data here clearly demonstrated that oily fractions of Teucrium alopecurus act as free radical scavengers, antibacterial agent and inhibited the proliferation of HCT-116, U266, SCC4, Panc28, KBM5, and MCF-7 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. The results of live/dead and colony formation assays further revealed that Teucrium essential oil has the efficacy to suppress the growth of colon carcinoma cells. In addition, essential oil of Teucrium alopecurus induced apoptosis, as indicated by cleavage of caspases-3, -8, and -9 and poly-adenosine diphosphate ribose polymerase. Moreover, Teucrium alopecurus essential oil suppressed gene expression involved in survival, proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis in human colon cancer cells. No sign of toxicity was detected in vivo after treatment with increasing concentrations of essential oil. Oral administration of T.alopecurus inhibited LPS-induced colon inflammation. This anticancer property of this specie Teucrium alopecurus fractions could be due to their phenolic and/or sesquiterpene content (d-limonene, α-Bisabolol, Humulene, Thymol, and (+)-epi-Bicyclosesquiphellandrene). Hence our study reveals the anticancer activity of Teucrium alopecurus oil mediated through the suppression of cell growth, cell proliferation, and the induction of apoptosis of cancer cells. Thus, it has potential to be developed as an anticancer agent; however more in vitro and in vivo studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Guesmi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Amit K Tyagi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sahdeo Prasad
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ahmed Landoulsi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
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Wilson JRF, Saeed F, Tyagi AK, Goodden JR, Sivakumar G, Crimmins D, Elliott M, Picton S, Chumas PD. Pre-operative neutrophil count and neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio (NLCR) in predicting the histological grade of paediatric brain tumours: a preliminary study. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2018; 160:793-800. [PMID: 29188366 PMCID: PMC5859055 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-017-3388-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio (NLCR) is an established prognostic marker for renal, lung and colorectal carcinomas and has been suggested to be predictive of histological grade and outcome in adult intracranial tumours. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a correlation of the pre-operative neutrophil count (NC) and NLCR with the final histological grade exists in paediatric intracranial tumours. METHODS A retrospective analysis was undertaken at a single centre. Patients less than 18 years old at the time of surgery who underwent tumour-related procedures from 2006 to 2015 were included. Patients with recurrent tumours, previous bone marrow transplant and metastases were excluded. Pre-operative full blood counts (FBC), collected before the diagnosis of intracranial pathology and before administration of steroids, were matched with histological diagnosis for each patient. Post-operative FBC was also recorded, together with survival data where applicable. RESULTS A total of 116 patients (74 male, 42 female; mean age, 8 ± 0.9 years) with a diagnosis of primary intracranial tumours had pre-operative FBC that could be matched to final histological grade. Pre-operative NC and NLCR were higher with increasing grade of tumour: grade 1 (NC 4.29 109/l, NLCR 2.26), grade 2 (NC 4.59 109/l, NLCR 2.38), grade 3 (NC 5.67 109/l, NLCR 2.72) and grade 4 (NC 6.59 109/l, NLCR 3.31). Patients with WHO grade 1 and 2 tumours pooled together had a lower NC (4.37 95% CI ± 0.67 109/l) compared to WHO grade 3 and 4 patients (6.41 95% CI ± 0.99 109/l, p = 0.0013). The NLCR was lower in grade 1 and 2 tumours (2.29 ± 0.59) (compared to grade 3 and 4 tumours; 3.20 ± 0.76) but this did not reach significance (p = 0.069). The subgroup of patients with pilocytic astrocytoma had a significantly lower NC when compared to patients with high-grade tumours (p = 0.005). Medulloblastoma and supratentorial PNET subgroups had significantly higher NC compared to the low-grade group (p = 0.033, p = 0.002). Post-operative NC was significantly higher in the high-grade tumours (p = 0.034), but no difference was observed for NLCR (p = 0.28). CONCLUSIONS No evidence exists to support the correlation of pre-operative NC or NLCR to histological diagnosis in paediatric intracranial tumours. Our results indicate that a higher pre-operative NC/NLCR correlates with a higher histological grade of tumour. This suggests that immunological mechanisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of paediatric brain tumours, and a further prospective study is required to substantiate and expand these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R F Wilson
- Department of Neurosurgery, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Leeds, LS13EX, UK.
| | - F Saeed
- Department of Neurosurgery, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Leeds, LS13EX, UK
| | - A K Tyagi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Leeds, LS13EX, UK
| | - J R Goodden
- Department of Neurosurgery, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Leeds, LS13EX, UK
| | - G Sivakumar
- Department of Neurosurgery, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Leeds, LS13EX, UK
| | - D Crimmins
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Elliott
- Department of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, Leeds Children's Hospital, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, LS13EX, UK
| | - S Picton
- Department of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, Leeds Children's Hospital, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, LS13EX, UK
| | - P D Chumas
- Department of Neurosurgery, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Leeds, LS13EX, UK
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15
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Sharma AN, Kumar S, Tyagi AK. Effects of mannan-oligosaccharides and Lactobacillus acidophilus supplementation on growth performance, nutrient utilization and faecal characteristics in Murrah buffalo calves. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2018; 102:679-689. [PMID: 29493022 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A study of 120 days was undertaken to ascertain the effect of mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) and Lactobacillus acidophilus supplementation on growth performance, nutrient utilization and faecal characteristics in Murrah buffalo calves. Twenty Murrah buffalo calves of 5-7 days old and 31 ± 2.0 kg of body weight (BW) were randomly assigned into four groups. Group I served as the control (CON) in which only basal diet (concentrate mixture and green fodder) was provided, without any supplementation. Mannan-oligosaccharides at 4 g/calf/day were supplemented as prebiotic to Group II (PRE), whereas Group III (PRO) received Lactobacillus acidophilus in the form of fermented milk as probiotic at 200 ml/calf/day having 108 CFU/ml and Group IV (SYN) was supplemented with both MOS and Lactobacillus acidophilus as synbiotic at similar dose. Final BW (kg), dry matter intake, average daily gain, feed conversion efficiency and structural growth measurements were improved (p < .05) in the treatment groups compared to control. Digestibility of neutral detergent fibre was higher (p < .05) in SYN followed by PRE and PRO than control. The faecal lactobacilli and bifidobacterium population was higher (p < .05) in all the supplemented groups with a concomitant reduction in faecal coliform count as compared to control. Faecal ammonia, lactate and pH were also altered favourably (p < .05) in all the supplemented groups as compared to CON. The faecal volatile fatty acids were higher (p < .05) in PRE, PRO and SYN group than CON. The incorporation of MOS and Lactobacillus acidophilus in diet either individually or in combination as synbiotic has the potential to improve the performance and faecal characteristics in Murrah buffalo calves; however, the observed responses among the treatment groups were more evident in the synbiotic fed group compared to individual supplementation of MOS and Lactobacillus acidophilus.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Sharma
- Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - S Kumar
- Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - A K Tyagi
- Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
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16
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Errandonea D, Gomis O, Rodríguez-Hernández P, Muñoz A, Ruiz-Fuertes J, Gupta M, Achary SN, Hirsch A, Manjon FJ, Peters L, Roth G, Tyagi AK, Bettinelli M. High-pressure structural and vibrational properties of monazite-type BiPO 4, LaPO 4, CePO 4, and PrPO 4. J Phys Condens Matter 2018; 30:065401. [PMID: 29337696 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aaa20d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Monazite-type BiPO4, LaPO4, CePO4, and PrPO4 have been studied under high pressure by ab initio simulations and Raman spectroscopy measurements in the pressure range of stability of the monazite structure. A good agreement between experimental and theoretical Raman-active mode frequencies and pressure coefficients has been found which has allowed us to discuss the nature of the Raman-active modes. Besides, calculations have provided us with information on how the crystal structure is modified by pressure. This information has allowed us to determine the equation of state and the isothermal compressibility tensor of the four studied compounds. In addition, the information obtained on the polyhedral compressibility has been used to explain the anisotropic axial compressibility and the bulk compressibility of monazite phosphates. Finally, we have carried out a systematic discussion on the high-pressure behavior of the four studied phosphates in comparison to results of previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Errandonea
- Departamento de Física Aplicada-ICMUV, MALTA Consolider Team, Universitat de València, Edificio de Investigación, C/Dr. Moliner 50, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
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17
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Hoppe R, Fan P, Büttner F, Winter S, Tyagi AK, Cunliffe H, Jordan VC, Brauch H. Profiles of miRNAs matched to biology in aromatase inhibitor resistant breast cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:71235-71254. [PMID: 27659519 PMCID: PMC5342075 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aromatase inhibitor (AI) resistance during breast cancer treatment is mimicked by MCF-7:5C (5C) and MCF-7:2A (2A) cell lines that grow spontaneously. Survival signaling is reconfigured but cells are vulnerable to estradiol (E2)-inducible apoptosis. These model systems have alterations of stress related pathways including the accumulation of endoplasmic reticulum, oxidative, and inflammatory stress that occur prior to E2-induced apoptosis. We investigated miRNA expression profiles of 5C and 2A to characterize their AI resistance phenotypes. Affymetrix GeneChip miRNA2.0 arrays identified 184 miRNAs differentially expressed in 2A and 5C compared to E2-free wild-type MCF-7:WS8. In 5C, 34 miRNAs of the DLK1-DIO3 locus and miR-31 were overexpressed, whereas miR-222 was low. TCGA data revealed poor and favorable overall survival for low miR-31 and miR-222 levels, respectively (HR=3.0, 95% CI:1.9-4.8; HR=0.3, 95% CI:0.1-0.6). Targets of deregulated miRNAs were identified using CLIP-confirmed TargetScan predictions. KEGG enrichment analyses for 5C- and 2A-specific target gene sets revealed pathways associated with cell proliferation including insulin, mTOR, and ErbB signaling as well as immune response and metabolism. Key genes overrepresented in 5C- and 2A-specific pathway interaction networks including EGFR, IGF1R and PIK3R1 had lower protein levels in 5C compared to 2A and were found to be differentially modulated by respective miRNA sets. Distinct up-regulated miRNAs from the DLK1-DIO3 locus may cause these attenuative effects as they are predicted to interact with corresponding 3′ untranslated regions. These new miRNA profiles become an important regulatory database to explore E2-induced apoptotic mechanisms of clinical relevance for the treatment of resistant breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiner Hoppe
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.,University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ping Fan
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Florian Büttner
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.,University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Winter
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.,University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Amit K Tyagi
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Heather Cunliffe
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - V Craig Jordan
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hiltrud Brauch
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.,University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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18
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Prasad S, Tyagi AK, Siddik ZH, Aggarwal BB. Curcumin-Free Turmeric Exhibits Activity against Human HCT-116 Colon Tumor Xenograft: Comparison with Curcumin and Whole Turmeric. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:871. [PMID: 29311914 PMCID: PMC5732987 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Extensive research within last two decades has indicated that curcumin extracted from turmeric (Curcuma longa), exhibits anticancer potential, in part through the modulation of inflammatory pathways. However, the residual antitumor activity of curcumin-free turmeric (CFT) relative to curcumin or turmeric is not well-understood. In the present study, therefore, we determined activities of these agents in both in vitro and in vivo models of human HCT-116 colorectal cancer (CRC). When examined in an in vitro antiproliferative, clonogenic or anti-inflammatory assay system, we found that curcumin was highly active whereas turmeric and CFT had relatively poor activity against CRC cells. However, when examined in vivo at an oral dose of either 100 or 500 mg/kg given to nude mice bearing CRC xenografts, all three preparations of curcumin, turmeric, and CFT similarly suppressed the growth of the xenograft. The effect of CFT on suppression of tumor growth was dose-dependent, with 500 mg/kg tending to be more effective than 100 mg/kg. Interestingly, 100 mg/kg curcumin or turmeric was found to be more effective than 500 mg/kg. When examined in vivo for the expression of biomarkers associated with cell survival (cIAP-1, Bcl-2, and survivin), proliferation (Ki-67 and cyclin D1) and metastasis (ICAM-1 and VEGF), all were down-modulated. These agents also suppressed inflammatory transcription factors (NF-κB and STAT3) in tumor cells. Overall, our results with CFT provide evidence that turmeric must contain additional bioactive compounds other than curcumin that, in contrast to curcumin, exhibit greater anticancer potential in vivo than in vitro against human CRC. Moreover, our study highlights the fact that the beneficial effects of turmeric and curcumin in humans may be more effectively realized at lower doses, whereas CFT could be given at higher doses without loss in favorable activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahdeo Prasad
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston TX, United States
| | - Amit K Tyagi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston TX, United States
| | - Zahid H Siddik
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston TX, United States
| | - Bharat B Aggarwal
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston TX, United States
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Tyagi AK, Prasad S, Majeed M, Aggarwal BB. Calebin A, a novel component of turmeric, suppresses NF-κB regulated cell survival and inflammatory gene products leading to inhibition of cell growth and chemosensitization. Phytomedicine 2017; 34:171-181. [PMID: 28899500 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the anti-inflammatory and anticancer potential of curcumin, which is derived from turmeric (Curcuma longa), has been studied extensively, very little is known about Calebin A, another novel compound from the same source. PURPOSE To determine whether Calebin A exhibits anti-inflammatory and anticancer potential. METHODS We examined the anti-inflammatory potential of Calebin A by DNA binding of NF-κB. Anticancer properties of Calebin were determined by MTT and FACS analysis and NF-κB regulated expression of proteins was assessed by western blotting. RESULTS Calebin A suppressed NF-κB activation induced by various stimuli. This inhibition of NF-κB activation was mediated through the suppression of direct binding of NF-κB/p65 to the DNA. This inhibitory effect was reversed by a reducing agent, and mutation of the Cys38 of p65 to serine abolished the effect of Calebin A on this binding. Suppression of NF-κB activation by Calebin A resulted in the down-regulation of the expression of proteins involved in tumor cell survival, proliferation, inflammation, and metastasis. Furthermore, Calebin A inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in a wide variety of tumor cells, as examined by various assays. It enhanced apoptosis induced by chemotherapeutic agents. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that Calebin A inhibits NF-κB activation pathway through interaction with p65 and potentiates apoptosis in cancer cells; thus, it has potential in the treatment of cancer. However, further in vivo studies are warranted to define its anti-inflammatory and anticancer potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit K Tyagi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Sahdeo Prasad
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Gupta SC, Prasad S, Tyagi AK, Kunnumakkara AB, Aggarwal BB. Neem (Azadirachta indica): An indian traditional panacea with modern molecular basis. Phytomedicine 2017; 34:14-20. [PMID: 28899496 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For centuries, agents derived from natural sources (mother nature), especially plants have been the primary source of medicine. Neem, also referred to as Azadirachta indica is one such plant that has been so named because it provides freedom from all diseases, and used for thousands of years in Indian and African continents. Different parts of the plant including flowers, leaves, seeds and bark have been used to treat both acute and chronic human diseases; and used as insecticide; antimicrobial, larvicidal, antimalarial, antibacterial, antiviral, and spermicidal. PURPOSE What is there in neem and how it manifests its wide variety of effects is the focus of this review. How neem and its constituents modulate various cellular pathways is discussed. The animal and human studies carried out with neem and its constituents is also discussed. CONCLUSION Over 1000 research articles published on neem has uncovered over 300 structurally diverse constituents, one third of which are limonoids including nimbolide, azadarachtin, and gedunin. These agents manifest their effects by modulating multiple cell signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subash Chandra Gupta
- Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
| | - Sahdeo Prasad
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - Amit K Tyagi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
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Guesmi F, Prasad S, Tyagi AK, Landoulsi A. Antinflammatory and anticancer effects of terpenes from oily fractions of Teucruim alopecurus, blocker of IκBα kinase, through downregulation of NF-κB activation, potentiation of apoptosis and suppression of NF-κB-regulated gene expression. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:1876-1885. [PMID: 28968948 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Teucrium alopecurus is an endemic plant limited to southern Tunisia. In the present study, the chemical composition, anticancer and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) inhibitory effects of Teucrium alopecurus leaf essential oil was investigated. The analysis of Teucrium alopecurus (TA-1) with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) showed that α-Bisabolol, (+)-epi-Bicyclosesquiphellandrene and α-Cadinol, were found in relatively high amounts (16.16%, 15.40% and 8.52%, respectively). Cell viability was determined by 3-(4-5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) 2-5-diphenyl-tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis assay were determined by flow cytometry. TA-1 functions as an anticancer agent by triggering apoptosis potentiated by chemotherapeutic agents and TNF in human myeloid leukemia cells (KBM5) through a mechanism involving poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage and initiator and effector caspases activation. Moreover, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) revealed that TA-1 downregulated nuclear localization of NF-κB and its phosphorylation induced by TNF-α and this, allows the suppression of the degradation and phosphorylation of IκB and the inhibition of the phosphorylation of p65 phosphorylation and the p50-p65 heterodimer nuclear translocation, causing attenuation of NF-κB-regulated antiapoptotic (Survivin, Bcl-2, c-IAP1/2, Bcl-xL, Mcl-1, and cFLIP), invasion (ICAM1), metasatsis (MMP-9), and angiogenesis (VEGF) gene expression in KBM5; and finally reporter gene expression. Furthermore, treatment with essential oil and TNF-α suppressed the NF-κB DNA binding activity. Finally, the activation of nuclear factor-κB induced by different plasmids (TNFR1, TRADD, TRAF2, NIK, TAK1/TAB1, and IKKβ) was inhibited following treatment with TA-1. Overall, TA-1 inhibits NF-κB activation and further growth and proliferation of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Guesmi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Tunisia.
| | - Sahdeo Prasad
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Amit K Tyagi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ahmed Landoulsi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Tunisia
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Fan P, Tyagi AK, Agboke FA, Pokharel N, Jordan VC. Abstract 2332: Integral modulation of nuclear factor-kappa B activation by C/EBPβ and the endoplasmic reticulum stress sensor PERK to mediate estrogen-induced apoptosis in estrogen-deprived breast cancer cells. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-2332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Stress responses are critical for estrogen (E2) to induce apoptosis in E2-deprived breast cancer cells. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is well known as a therapeutic target to prevent stress responses in chronic inflammatory diseases including cancer. However, whether E2 activates NF-κB to participate in stress-associated apoptosis in E2-deprived breast cancer cells is unclear. We demonstrated that E2 differentially modulates NF-κB activity in E2-deprived breast cancer cells according to the treatment time. Because E2 initially has significant potential to down modulate the NF-κB activation, it completely suppresses the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)-induced NF-κB activation. We found that E2 preferentially and constantly enhances the expression of transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta (C/EBPβ) which is responsible for suppression of NF-κB activation by E2 in MCF-7:5C cells. The mTOR signaling pathway promotes repression of NF-κB by C/EBPβ which is confirmed by the evidence that inhibition of mTOR is synergistic with E2 to upregulate NF-κB-dependent genes, such as TNFα. Interestingly, NF-κB p65 activity is upregulated when E2-treatment is administered for 48 hours, leading to induction of TNFα. Blocking the nuclear translocation of NF-κB completely prevents E2 from induction of TNFα and apoptosis. Importantly, protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), a stress sensor of unfolded protein response, is activated by E2 and plays an essential role in increasing NF-κB p65 DNA binding through the activation of STAT3, independently of canonical IκBα signal pathway. Thus, inhibition of PERK kinase activity completely blocks nuclear activation of NF-κB and NF-κB-dependent induction of TNFα, thereby preventing E2-induced apoptosis. All of these findings illustrate a crucial role for the novel PERK/NF-κB/TNFα axis in E2-induced apoptosis which is integrally modulated by the stress responsive transcription factor C/EBPβ and endoplasmic reticulum stress. This study provides an important rationale for exercising caution in clinical trials when considering targeting PERK or NF-κB following the development of acquired resistance to aromatase inhibitors whereas mTOR may be a target to enhance the therapeutic effects of E2 in antihormone resistant breast cancer.
Citation Format: Ping Fan, Amit K. Tyagi, Fadeke A. Agboke, Niranjana Pokharel, V. Craig Jordan. Integral modulation of nuclear factor-kappa B activation by C/EBPβ and the endoplasmic reticulum stress sensor PERK to mediate estrogen-induced apoptosis in estrogen-deprived breast cancer cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2332. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-2332
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Fan
- 1University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Amit K. Tyagi
- 1University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Chakraborty KR, Paul B, Shukla R, Krishna PSR, Kumar A, Mukadam MD, Mandal BP, Roy A, Tyagi AK, Yusuf SM. Revealing magnetic ordering and spin-phonon coupling in Y 1-x Tb x MnO 3 (0.1 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.3) compounds. J Phys Condens Matter 2017; 29:155804. [PMID: 28230540 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa6295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The structural and magnetic properties of the Y1-x Tb x MnO3 (0.1 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.3) compounds were investigated. Neutron diffraction patterns for all three samples, recorded at room temperature (RT), were fitted to the nuclear structure confirming the paramagnetic nature of the compounds. At 2.8 K, for the x = 0.1 sample magnetic moments of the Tb3+ ionic as well as Mn3+ ionic were ordered. At 5 K for the x = 0.2 sample only the Mn3+ ionic magnetic moments were ordered. There were six sites for Mn atoms. Three on the z = 0 plane and three on the z = 0.5 plane (where z corresponds to +c axis).The Mn3+ionic moments were confined to the a-b plane with a net magnitude of 2.78(3) µ B, and 2.90(3) µ B for the x = 0.1 and the x = 0.2 samples. The Tb3+ionic moments had a magnitude of 1.36(4) µ B at 2.8 K and were aligned antiferromagnetically along the crystallographic c-axis for the x = 0.1 sample. The low moment in comparison with Mn3+ free ions has been attributed to crystalline electric fields similar to that found in the parent compound YMnO3 and also in another rare earth manganite viz HoMnO3. The x = 0.3 sample was found to be a canonical spin glass. To investigate the role of the above spin ordering in Y1-x Tb x MnO3 in governing the phonon dynamics, temperature dependent Raman measurements were carried out. We observed the deviation of the phonon frequency near 685 cm-1 and its line-width from the expected anharmonic behaviour around magnetic ordering temperature for Tb substituted compounds with x = 0.1 and 0.2. This was attributed to the spin-phonon coupling in these systems. The anomalous behaviour of this phonon mode in the canonical spin glass compound with x = 0.3, indicated that the coupling sustained even in the presence of only local magnetic ordering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keka R Chakraborty
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
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Chauhan N, Tyagi AK, Kumar P, Malik A. Antibacterial Potential of Jatropha curcas Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles against Food Borne Pathogens. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1748. [PMID: 27877160 PMCID: PMC5099242 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aqueous leaf extract of Jatropha curcas was used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Jc-AgNps) which were further evaluated for its antibacterial potential against food borne pathogens. J. curcas leaf extract could synthesize stable silver nanoparticles (Zeta potential: -23.4 mV) with absorption band at 430 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated various biological compounds responsible for capping and stabilizing Jc-AgNps in suspension, while the presence of silver was authenticated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray. Jc-AgNps were confirmed to be uniform in shape, size and behavior through dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction, SEM, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis. To investigate the antibacterial activity, disk diffusion and microplate dilution assays were performed and zone of inhibition (ZOI) as well as minimum inhibitory/bactericidal concentrations (MIC/MBCs) were evaluated against selected bacterial strains. Overall results showed that Escherichia coli (ZOI: 23 mm, MBC: 0.010 mg/ml) was the most sensitive organism, whereas Staphylococcus aureus (ZOI: 14.66 mm, MBC: 0.041 mg/ml) and Salmonella enterica (ZOI: 16.66 mm, MBC: 0.041 mg/ml) were the least sensitive against Jc-AgNps. The detailed microscopic investigations using SEM, TEM, and AFM were performed to understand the antibacterial impacts of Jc-AgNps against Listeria monocytogenes. SEM and TEM analysis showed the clear deformation and disintegration of treated L. monocytogenes cells, whereas AFM established a decrease in the height and cell surface roughness (root mean square value) in the treated L. monocytogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Chauhan
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi, India
| | - Amit K. Tyagi
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi, India
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CentreHouston, TX, USA
| | - Pushpendar Kumar
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi, India
| | - Anushree Malik
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi, India
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Abstract
Spices have been used since ancient times. Although they have been employed mainly as flavoring and coloring agents, their role in food safety and preservation have also been studied in vitro and in vivo. Spices have exhibited numerous health benefits in preventing and treating a wide variety of diseases such as cancer, aging, metabolic, neurological, cardiovascular, and inflammatory diseases. The present review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the most relevant and recent findings on spices and their active compounds in terms of targets and mode of action; in particular, their potential use in food preservation and enhancement of shelf life as a natural bioingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Gottardi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of BolognaCesena, Italy
| | - Danka Bukvicki
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden “Jevremovac”, University of BelgradeBelgrade, Serbia
| | - Sahdeo Prasad
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Amit K. Tyagi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of BolognaCesena, Italy
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
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Guesmi F, Tyagi AK, Bellamine H, Landoulsi A. Antioxidant Machinery Related to Decreased MDA Generation by Thymus Algeriensis Essential Oil-induced Liver and Kidney Regeneration. Biomed Environ Sci 2016; 29:639-649. [PMID: 27806746 DOI: 10.3967/bes2016.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to determine the histopathological and biochemical effects of Thymus algeriensis essential oil (TEO) on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in liver and kidney tissues of rats. METHODS Rats were treated in six groups and were exposed for 2 weeks to low (LD; 100 μmol/L) and high doses (HD; 1 mmol/L) of H2O2 in the presence or absence of TEO (180 mg/kg). Liver and kidney atrophy was measured by using biochemical and histopathological assays. RESULTS Our study demonstrated that H2O2 induced liver and kidney atrophy, as evidenced by the significant elevation of serum aminotransferase, urea, and creatinine levels compared with those in the control rats. Urea levels were estimated by evaluating the activity of serum urease that hydrolyzes urea into CO2 and ammonia. However, TEO treatment significantly alleviated oxidative stress in the H2O2-induced liver and kidney toxicity model by reducing the levels of malondialdehyde concomitantly with marked elevations in superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase, as well as decrease in glutathione activity. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrated that TEO protected against H2O2 toxicity by decreasing oxidant levels and DNA damage, as well as increasing antioxidant levels, indicating that TEO has a spectrum of antioxidant and DNA-protective properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Guesmi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage 1054, Tunisia; Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Amit K Tyagi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Houda Bellamine
- Biological Sciences, Universidad De Los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Co1. Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Mastushima, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan
| | - Ahmed Landoulsi
- Biological Sciences, Universidad De Los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Co1. Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Mastushima, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan
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Tran LV, Malla BA, Sharma AN, Kumar S, Tyagi N, Tyagi AK. Effect of omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid enriched diet on plasma IGF-1 and testosterone concentration, puberty and semen quality in male buffalo. Anim Reprod Sci 2016; 173:63-72. [PMID: 27596261 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of omega-3 and omega-6 PUFA enriched diet on plasma IGF-1 and testosterone concentrations, puberty, sperm fatty acid profile and semen quality in male buffalo. Eighteen male buffalo calves were distributed randomly in three different groups and fed concentrate mixture along with green fodder and wheat straw in 50:40:10 ratios as per requirements. Basis ration of animals in group I was supplemented with 4% of prilled fat (PFA), while in group II and group III were added 4.67% of Calcium salt from Soybean (CaSFA) and Linseed oil (CaLFA), respectively. Male buffalo fed omega-3 PUFA high diet significantly increased concentrations of IGF-1 and testosterone in plasma as compared to two other diets (p<0.05). The age of puberty and scrotal circumference significantly increased by dietary fat effect (p<0.05) of which n-3 PUFA enriched diet (CaLFA) had the largest influence as compared to other diets (PFA and CaSFA). Feeding of n-3 PUFA rich diet significantly increased the DHA (C22:6n-3) content in sperm (p<0.05), which contributed to increased fluidity of plasma membrane, elevated quality of sperm (motility, viability) and in vitro fertility (plasma membrane integrity, acrosome integrity) in both fresh and post-thawing semen. These findings indicate that feeding of n-3 PUFA enriched diet increased IGF-1 and testosterone secretion, reduced pubertal age and improved both fresh and post-thawing semen quality in male buffalo.
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Affiliation(s)
- L V Tran
- Animal Nutrition Division, National Dairy Research Insititute, Karnal-132001, Haryana, India
| | - B A Malla
- Animal Nutrition Division, National Dairy Research Insititute, Karnal-132001, Haryana, India
| | - A N Sharma
- Animal Nutrition Division, National Dairy Research Insititute, Karnal-132001, Haryana, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Animal Nutrition Division, National Dairy Research Insititute, Karnal-132001, Haryana, India
| | - Nitin Tyagi
- Animal Nutrition Division, National Dairy Research Insititute, Karnal-132001, Haryana, India
| | - A K Tyagi
- Animal Nutrition Division, National Dairy Research Insititute, Karnal-132001, Haryana, India.
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Anthwal A, Singh K, S.M. Rawat M, K. Tyagi A, Haque A, Ali I, S. Rawat D. Synthesis of 4-piperidone Based Curcuminoids with Anti-inflammatory and Anti-Proliferation Potential in Human Cancer Cell Lines. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2016; 16:841-51. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520616666160201151206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Guesmi F, Beghalem H, Tyagi AK, Ali MB, Mouhoub RB, Bellamine H, Landoulsi A. Prevention of H2O2 Induced Oxidative Damages of Rat Testis by Thymus algeriensis. Biomed Environ Sci 2016; 29:275-285. [PMID: 27241738 DOI: 10.3967/bes2016.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We evaluate the effects of Thymus algeriensis (TEO) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) toxicity on body and testis weight, testis sperm count, testis lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzyme activities in rats. METHODS Rats were treated with low (LD) and high dose (HD) of H2O2 (0.1 and 1 mmol/L) in the presence or absence of TEO (150 mg/kg). RESULTS The results exhibited a significant decrease in body weight and testis weight, in total sperm number decrease (P<0.05), sperm motility and percentage of sperm viability, leading to complete arrest, in sperm flagellar beat frequency by the gavage of 1 mmol/L H2O2 compared to controls. The administration of H2O2 resulted in a significant reduction in testis GSH, GPx, CAT, SOD, and GST activity and significant increase (P<0.05) in MDA concentration compared with the untreated control animals. TEO pre-treatment protected testis from the H2O2 generated oxidative stress. These results were confirmed by histological architecture examinations. CONCLUSION H2O2 has the ability to alter the sperm function, characteristics and development of testis. However, TEO is an efficient natural agent, which can prevent the testis from H2O2-induced oxidative damage in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Guesmi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Zarzouma, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia; Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston TX 77030, USA
| | - Hamida Beghalem
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Zarzouma, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
| | - Amit K Tyagi
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston TX 77030, USA
| | - Manel Ben Ali
- Laboratory of Biomonitoring of the Environment (LR01/ES14), Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Zarzouma, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
| | - Ramla Ben Mouhoub
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Zarzouma, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
| | - Houda Bellamine
- Service of Anatomo- Pathology of Menzel Bourguiba, Bizerte 7050, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Landoulsi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Zarzouma, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
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Prasad S, Gupta SC, Tyagi AK. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cancer: Role of antioxidative nutraceuticals. Cancer Lett 2016; 387:95-105. [PMID: 27037062 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 556] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Extensive research over the past half a century indicates that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in cancer. Although low levels of ROS can be beneficial, excessive accumulation can promote cancer. One characteristic of cancer cells that distinguishes them from normal cells is their ability to produce increased numbers of ROS and their increased dependence on an antioxidant defense system. ROS are produced as a byproduct intracellularly by mitochondria and other cellular elements and exogenously by pollutants, tobacco, smoke, drugs, xenobiotics, and radiation. ROS modulate various cell signaling pathways, which are primarily mediated through the transcription factors NF-κB and STAT3, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, kinases, growth factors, cytokines and other proteins, and enzymes; these pathways have been linked to cellular transformation, inflammation, tumor survival, proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis of cancer. ROS are also associated with epigenetic changes in genes, which is helpful in diagnosing diseases. This review considers the role of ROS in the various stages of cancer development. Finally, we provide evidence that nutraceuticals derived from Mother Nature are highly effective in eliminating cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahdeo Prasad
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
| | - Subash C Gupta
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Amit K Tyagi
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
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Prasad S, Tyagi AK, Aggarwal BB. Detection of inflammatory biomarkers in saliva and urine: Potential in diagnosis, prevention, and treatment for chronic diseases. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 241:783-99. [PMID: 27013544 DOI: 10.1177/1535370216638770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a part of the complex biological response of inflammatory cells to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, irritants, or damaged cells. This inflammation has been linked to several chronic diseases including cancer, atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis. Major biomarkers of inflammation include tumor necrosis factor, interleukins (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-8, chemokines, cyclooxygenase, 5-lipooxygenase, and C-reactive protein, all of which are regulated by the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB. Although examining inflammatory biomarkers in blood is a standard practice, its identification in saliva and/or urine is more convenient and non-invasive. In this review, we aim to (1) discuss the detection of these inflammatory biomarkers in urine and saliva; (2) advantages of using salivary and urinary inflammatory biomarkers over blood, while also weighing on the challenges and/or limitations of their use; (3) examine their role(s) in connection with diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and drug development for several chronic diseases with inflammatory consequences, including cancer; and (4) explore the use of innovative salivary and urine based biosensor strategies that may permit the testing of biomarkers quickly, reliably, and cost-effectively, in a decentralized setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahdeo Prasad
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Amit K Tyagi
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Bharat B Aggarwal
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
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Prasad S, Yadav VR, Sung B, Gupta SC, Tyagi AK, Aggarwal BB. Ursolic acid inhibits the growth of human pancreatic cancer and enhances the antitumor potential of gemcitabine in an orthotopic mouse model through suppression of the inflammatory microenvironment. Oncotarget 2016; 7:13182-96. [PMID: 26909608 PMCID: PMC4914350 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of chemoresistance in human pancreatic cancer is one reason for the poor survival rate for patients with this cancer. Because multiple gene products are linked with chemoresistance, we investigated the ability of ursolic acid (UA) to sensitize pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine, a standard drug used for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. These investigations were done in AsPC-1, MIA PaCa-2, and Panc-28 cells and in nude mice orthotopically implanted with Panc-28 cells. In vitro, UA inhibited proliferation, induced apoptosis, suppressed NF-κB activation and its regulated proliferative, metastatic, and angiogenic proteins. UA (20 μM) also enhanced gemcitabine (200 nM)-induced apoptosis and suppressed the expression of NF-κB-regulated proteins. In the nude mouse model, oral administration of UA (250 mg/kg) suppressed tumor growth and enhanced the effect of gemcitabine (25 mg/kg). Furthermore, the combination of UA and gemcitabine suppressed the metastasis of cancer cells to distant organs such as liver and spleen. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that biomarkers of proliferation (Ki-67) and microvessel density (CD31) were suppressed by the combination of UA and gemcitabine. UA inhibited the activation of NF-κB and STAT3 and the expression of tumorigenic proteins regulated by these inflammatory transcription factors in tumor tissue. Furthermore, the combination of two agents decreased the expression of miR-29a, closely linked with tumorigenesis, in the tumor tissue. UA was found to be bioavailable in animal serum and tumor tissue. These results suggest that UA can inhibit the growth of human pancreatic tumors and sensitize them to gemcitabine by suppressing inflammatory biomarkers linked to proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahdeo Prasad
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Cytokine Research Laboratory, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vivek R. Yadav
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Cytokine Research Laboratory, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bokyung Sung
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Cytokine Research Laboratory, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Subash C. Gupta
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Cytokine Research Laboratory, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Amit K. Tyagi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Cytokine Research Laboratory, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bharat B. Aggarwal
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Cytokine Research Laboratory, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Anti-inflammatory Research Institute, San Deigo, CA, USA
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Tyagi AK, Prasad S, Majeed M, Aggarwal BB. Calebin A downregulates osteoclastogenesis through suppression of RANKL signalling. Arch Biochem Biophys 2016; 593:80-9. [PMID: 26874195 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2016.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a bone disease that is exacerbated by aging and age-associated chronic diseases such as cancer. Cancer-induced bone loss is usually treated with bisphosphonates or denosumab, an antibody against receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-κB ligand (RANKL). Because these drugs are expensive and have numerous side effects and high rates of toxicity, safer, more effective, and more affordable therapies for osteoporosis are still needed. We identified a compound, calebin A (CA), derived from turmeric (Curcuma longa) that affects osteoclastogenesis through modulation of the RANKL signalling pathway. The CA's effect on NF-κB activation was examined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Using mouse macrophages in vitro model, we found that CA suppressed RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation of macrophages into osteoclasts, and downregulate RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis-related marker gene expression, including NFATc-1, TRAP, CTR, and cathepsin K. CA also suppressed the osteoclastogenesis induced by multiple myeloma and breast cancer cells. This effect of CA was correlated with suppression of the phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitor of κB and, thus, inhibition of NF-κB activation. Furthermore, we found that an NF-κB-specific inhibitory peptide blocked RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis, demonstrating that the NF-κB signalling pathway is mandatory for RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. Our results conclusively indicate that CA downmodulates the osteoclastogenesis induced by RANKL and by tumour cells through suppression of NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit K Tyagi
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sahdeo Prasad
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | | | - Bharat B Aggarwal
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Popescu C, Garg AB, Errandonea D, Sans JA, Rodriguez-Hernández P, Radescu S, Muñoz A, Achary SN, Tyagi AK. Pressure-induced phase transformation in zircon-type orthovanadate SmVO4 from experiment and theory. J Phys Condens Matter 2016; 28:035402. [PMID: 26733093 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/28/3/035402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The compression behavior of zircon-type samarium orthovanadate, SmVO4, has been investigated using synchrotron-based powder x-ray diffraction and ab initio calculations of up to 21 GPa. The results indicate the instability of ambient zircon phase at around 6 GPa, which transforms to a high-density scheelite-type phase. The high-pressure phase remains stable up to 21 GPa, the highest pressure reached in the present investigations. On pressure release, the scheelite phase is recovered. The crystal structure of the high-pressure phase and the equations of state for the zircon- and scheelite-type phases have been determined. Various compressibilities, such as the bulk, axial and bond compressibilities, estimated from the experimental data are found to be in good agreement with the results obtained from theoretical calculations. The calculated elastic constants show that the zircon structure becomes mechanically unstable beyond the transition pressure. Overall there is good agreement between the experimental and theoretical findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Popescu
- CELLS-ALBA Synchrotron Light facility, 08290 Cerdanyola, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Spice and spice-derived compounds have been identified and explored for their health benefits since centuries. One of the spice long pepper has been traditionally used to treat chronic bronchitis, asthma, constipation, gonorrhea, paralysis of the tongue, diarrhea, cholera, malaria, viral hepatitis, respiratory infections, stomach ache, diseases of the spleen, cough, and tumors. METHODS In this review, the evidences for the chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic potential of piperlongumine have been described. RESULTS The active component piperlonguime has shown effective against various ailments including cancer, neurogenerative disease, arthritis, melanogenesis, lupus nephritis, and hyperlipidemic. These beneficial effects of piperlongumine is attributed to its ability to modulate several signaling molecules like reactive oxygen species, kinases, proteasome, proto-oncogenes, transcription factors, cell cycle, inflammatory molecules and cell growth and survival molecules. Piperlongumine also chemosensitizes to drugs resistant cancer cells. CONCLUSION Overall the consumption of long peppers is therefore recommended for the prevention and treatment of various diseases including cancer, and thus piperlongumine may be a promising future candidate drug against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahdeo Prasad
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
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Sayed FN, Shukla R, Tyagi AK. A chemical method for stabilizing a new series of solid solution Pr1-xCexScO3 (0.0 ≤x≤ 1.0) systems. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:16929-36. [PMID: 26361068 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt01459j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new series of Pr1-xCexScO3 (0.0 ≤x≤ 1.0) compounds was synthesized by a two-step synthesis route, involving a combustion reaction followed by reduction while heating in a low partial pressure of O2, generated by a zirconium sponge that acts as an oxygen getter. For the first time, perovskite solid solution formation was observed in this series in the entire homogeneity range. These compounds were characterized using XRD, Raman spectroscopy and DRUV-visible spectroscopy. Rietveld refinement was carried out on the XRD data to determine unit cell parameters, bond lengths, bond angles along with the tilt angles for ScO6 octahedra. The analyses of the Raman shift were also in agreement with the XRD data. All compounds in this series showed a decreasing trend in the bandgap from 4.74 to 2.91 eV as a function of increasing Ce(3+) concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farheen N Sayed
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India.
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Abstract
No safe and effective cure currently exists for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, antiretroviral therapy can prolong the lives of HIV patients and lowers the secondary infections. Natural compounds, which are considered to be pleiotropic molecules, could be useful against HIV. Curcumin, a yellow pigment present in the spice turmeric (Curcuma longa), can be used for the treatment of several diseases including HIV-AIDS because of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiviral, and antibacterial nature. In this review we have summarized that how curcumin and its analogues inhibit the infection and replication of viral genes and prevent multiplicity of HIV. They are inhibitors of HIV protease and integrase. Curcumin also inhibits Tat transactivation of the HIV1-LTR genome, inflammatory molecules (interleukins, TNF-α, NF-κB, COX-2) and HIV associated various kinases including tyrosine kinase, PAK1, MAPK, PKC, cdk and others. In addition, curcumin enhances the effect of conventional therapeutic drugs and minimizes their side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahdeo Prasad
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Tyagi AK, Prasad S. Commentary: Probiotic and technological properties of Lactobacillus spp. strains from the human stomach in the search for potential candidates against gastric microbial dysbiosis. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:433. [PMID: 26042097 PMCID: PMC4437036 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amit K Tyagi
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sahdeo Prasad
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, TX, USA
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Grover V, Shukla R, Kumari R, Mandal BP, Kulriya PK, Srivastava SK, Ghosh S, Tyagi AK, Avasthi DK. Effect of grain size and microstructure on radiation stability of CeO2: an extensive study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 16:27065-73. [PMID: 25383891 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp04215h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the variation in the radiation stability of ceria with microstructure under the electronic excitation regime, ceria samples sintered under different conditions were irradiated with high energy 100 MeV Ag ions. The ceria nanopowders were synthesized and sintered at 800 °C (S800), 1000 °C (S1000) and 1300 °C (S1300), respectively. The samples with widely varying grain size, densities and microstructure were obtained. The pristine and irradiated samples were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). None of the samples amorphized up to the highest fluence of 1 × 10(14) ions per cm(2) employed in this study. XRD and Raman studies showed that the sample with lowest grain size suffered maximum damage while the sample with largest grain size was most stable and showed little change in crystallinity. Raman spectroscopy indicated the enhanced formation of Ce(3+) and related defects in the sample with larger grain size after irradiation. The most intriguing result was the absence of Ce(3+)-related defects in the sample with lowest grain size which actually showed maximum damage upon irradiation. The XPS studies on S800 and S1300 provided concrete evidence for the presence of Ce(3+) and oxygen ion vacancies in S1300. The grain boundaries and grain size dependent stability have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Grover
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400085, India.
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Jayakumar OD, Sudarsan V, Tyagi AK. Bifunctional Li and Co Doped ZnO Nanostructures Synthesized by Solvothermal Method: Stabilizer Controlled Shape and Size Tuning. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2015; 15:2804-2809. [PMID: 26353496 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2015.9752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
1D nanostructures of ZnO, Zn0.95Co0.05O and Zn0.85Co0.05Li0.10 were synthesized by a solvothermal chemical method with and without using oleic acid as a stabilizer. We report a very interesting observation of both room temperature ferromagnetism and photoluminescence properties along with development of different morphological transformation of these nanostructures on doping Co and Li in ZnO in the presence and absence of oleic acid. Zn0.95Co0.05O sample prepared in the presence of oleic acid showed increased saturation magnetization value (~ 4.1 emu/g and) compared to Zn0.95Co0.05O prepared without oleic acid (~ 1.1 emu/g). In both the cases it is observed that Li incorporation further enhances the room temperature ferromagnetic (RTFM) behavior and saturation magnetization values (~ 6 emu/g) of luminescent Zn0.95Co0.05 nanostructures. These results are significant, as the luminescent 1 D RTFM materials will have implications in photo magnetic devices like magneto-optical switches and sensors.
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Dixit SP, Sivalingam J, Tyagi AK, Saroha V, Sharma A, Nagda RK. Association of novel SNPs in the candidate genes affecting caprine milk fatty acids related to human health. Meta Gene 2015; 4:45-56. [PMID: 25853060 PMCID: PMC4372655 DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present investigation, 618 milk samples of Sirohi breed of goat were collected, and analyzed for conjugated linoleic acid (CLA, C18:2) and other fatty acids. The CLA in studied goat milk samples was 4.87 mg/g of milk fat and C18:2 cis-9, trans-11 contributes 2.9 mg/g of milk fat and trans10 cis12 contributes 0.82 mg/g of milk fat. The saturated fatty acids in the milk accounted for 69.55% and unsaturated fatty acid accounted for 28.50%. The unsaturated fatty acid was constituted by monounsaturated fatty acid (24.57%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (3.96%.). The major contribution (45.56%) in total fatty acid was of C12:0, C14:0 and C16:0. C18:0 and short chain ones (C4:0, C6:0, C8:0, and C10:0) have a neutral or cholesterol-decreasing effect. The DNA sequence analysis of the genes (DGAT1, SCAP, PPARG, OLR, FABP3 and PRL) in a random panel of 8 Sirohi goats revealed 38 SNPs across the targeted regions. Out of the studied SNPs (38) across these genes, 22 SNPs had significant effect on one or a group of fatty acids including CLA. The genotypes at these loci showed significant differences in the least square means of a particular fatty acid or a group of fatty acids including CLA and its isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Dixit
- National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, 131002, India
| | | | - A K Tyagi
- National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 131002, India
| | - V Saroha
- National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, 131002, India
| | - A Sharma
- National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, 131002, India
| | - R K Nagda
- Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Science, Vallabhnagar, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Joshi P, George RA, Tyagi AK, Sinha A. Efficacy of contrast enhanced grey scale ultrasound in characterisation of hepatic focal lesions: A pilot study. Med J Armed Forces India 2014; 70:230-6. [PMID: 25378775 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) has recently gained widespread acceptance as an adjunct to conventional grey scale ultrasound. The present pilot study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of this technique in characterisation of hepatic focal lesions. METHODS Adult patients who had at least one focal liver lesion underwent ultrasound evaluation in regular and contrast mode before and after intravenous administration of sulphur hexafluoride. The diagnoses were confirmed by comparison with a reference standard (multidetector CT), response to treatment or pathological correlation. RESULTS The rate of correct diagnosis for unenhanced ultrasound was 54%, CEUS was 72% and multidetector CT (MDCT) was 92%. A comparison of unenhanced ultrasound versus CEUS using the McNemar test yielded a p value of 0.0704 (>0.05). However, comparison of CEUS versus MDCT using the McNemar test yielded a p value of 0.0265 (<0.05). Additionally, comparison of unenhanced ultrasound versus MDCT using the McNemar test yielded a p value of <0.0001. CONCLUSION CEUS increases diagnostic efficacy over unenhanced ultrasound but does not have any significant advantages over MDCT. Currently it may be used as a problem solving tool in atypical haemangiomas, echogenic focal liver lesions, contrast sensitivity and to avoid multiple studies utilising ionising radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Joshi
- Classified Specialist (Radiodiagnosis), INHS Asvini, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - R A George
- Senior Advisor (Radiodiagnosis), Command Hospital (Air Force), Bangalore 560007, India
| | - A K Tyagi
- Senior Advisor (Surgery and Surgical Oncology), Army Hospital (R&R), Delhi Cantt, India
| | - Anamika Sinha
- Classified Specialist (Pathology), Command Hospital (Northern Command), C/o 56 APO, India
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Prasad S, Gupta SC, Tyagi AK, Aggarwal BB. Curcumin, a component of golden spice: From bedside to bench and back. Biotechnol Adv 2014; 32:1053-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2014.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 397] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 04/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Gupta SC, Tyagi AK, Deshmukh-Taskar P, Hinojosa M, Prasad S, Aggarwal BB. Downregulation of tumor necrosis factor and other proinflammatory biomarkers by polyphenols. Arch Biochem Biophys 2014; 559:91-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2014.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Ramaseshan R, Sundari ST, Balamurugan AK, Dash S, Tyagi AK, Sato Y, Nakayama T, Suematsu H. Nanomechanical and optical properties of yttrium thin films by magnetron sputtering. Opt Lett 2014; 39:3086-3089. [PMID: 24875983 DOI: 10.1364/ol.39.003086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This Letter reports on nanomechanical and optical properties of yttrium thin films deposited on an Si (100) wafer. Elemental depth profiling by a secondary ion mass spectrometer revealed absence of formation of yttrium hydride, both on the surface and beneath. The optical properties were investigated by spectroscopic ellipsometry, and the refractive indices extracted after suitable modeling were found to be 2.51 at 546 nm. Hardness and elastic modulus of these films were found to be 7 and 142 GPa, respectively. These studies indicate that yttrium thin films are suitable for x-ray mirrors, photocathode emitters in e-beam lithography, electron microscopes, and free-electron lasers.
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46
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Han AL, Kumar S, Fok JY, Tyagi AK, Mehta K. Tissue transglutaminase expression promotes castration-resistant phenotype and transcriptional repression of androgen receptor. Eur J Cancer 2014; 50:1685-96. [PMID: 24656569 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2014.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have supported a role for inflammation in prostate tumour growth. However, the contribution of inflammation to the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer remains largely unknown. Based on observations that aberrant expression of the proinflammatory protein tissue transglutaminase (TG2) is associated with development of drug resistance and metastatic phenotype in multiple cancer types, we determined TG2 expression in prostate cancer cells. Herein we report that human prostate cancer cell lines with low expression of androgen receptor (AR) had high basal levels of TG2 expression. Also, overexpression of TG2 negatively regulated AR mRNA and protein expression and attenuated androgen sensitivity of prostate cancer cells. TG2 expression in prostate cancer cells was associated with increased invasion and resistance to chemotherapy. Mechanistically, TG2 activated nuclear factor (NF)-κB and induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. TG2/NF-κB-mediated decrease in AR expression resulted from transcriptional repression involving cis-interaction of NF-κB in a complex with TG2 with the 5'-untranslated region of AR. Negative regulation of AR could be partially abrogated by repression of TG2 or NF-κB (p65/RelA) by gene-specific small interfering RNA. These results suggested that a novel pathway links androgen dependence with TG2-regulated inflammatory signalling and hence may make TG2 a novel therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Lee Han
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Jansina Y Fok
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Amit K Tyagi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Kapil Mehta
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
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Prasad S, Tyagi AK, Aggarwal BB. Recent developments in delivery, bioavailability, absorption and metabolism of curcumin: the golden pigment from golden spice. Cancer Res Treat 2014; 46:2-18. [PMID: 24520218 PMCID: PMC3918523 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2014.46.1.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 602] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is a yellow pigment present in the spice turmeric (Curcuma longa) that has been associated with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiviral, and antibacterial activities as indicated by over 6,000 citations. In addition, over one hundred clinical studies have been carried out with curcumin. One of the major problems with curcumin is perceived to be the bioavailability. How curcumin should be delivered in vivo, how bioavailable is it, how well curcumin is absorbed and how it is metabolized, is the focus of this review. Various formulations of curcumin that are currently available are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahdeo Prasad
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Amit K Tyagi
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bharat B Aggarwal
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Anthwal A, Singh K, Rawat MSM, Tyagi AK, Aggarwal BB, Rawat DS. C5-curcuminoid-dithiocarbamate based molecular hybrids: synthesis and anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activity evaluation. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra03655g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The C5-curcumin-dithiocarbamate analogues were synthesized in search of new molecules with anti-proliferation potential against cancer cells. These new compounds demonstrated higher anti-proliferation and anti-inflammatory activity against cancer cell lines in comparison to curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Anthwal
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi-110007, India
- Department of Chemistry
- H. N. B. Garhwal University (A Central University)
| | - Kundan Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi-110007, India
| | - M. S. M. Rawat
- Department of Chemistry
- H. N. B. Garhwal University (A Central University)
- , India
| | - Amit K. Tyagi
- Cytokine Research Laboratory and Pharmaceutical Development Center
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics
- The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center
- Houston, USA
| | - Bharat B. Aggarwal
- Cytokine Research Laboratory and Pharmaceutical Development Center
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics
- The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center
- Houston, USA
| | - Diwan S. Rawat
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi-110007, India
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Uppugunduri CRS, Rezgui MA, Diaz PH, Tyagi AK, Rousseau J, Daali Y, Duval M, Bittencourt H, Krajinovic M, Ansari M. The association of cytochrome P450 genetic polymorphisms with sulfolane formation and the efficacy of a busulfan-based conditioning regimen in pediatric patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Pharmacogenomics J 2013; 14:263-71. [PMID: 24165757 DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2013.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) and flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMOs) likely have a role in the oxidation of intermediate metabolites of busulfan (Bu). In vitro studies to investigate the involvement of these enzymes are cumbersome because of the volatile nature of the intermediate metabolite tetrahydrothiophene (THT) and the lack of sensitive quantitation methods. This study explored the association between the CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2B6 and FMO3 genotypes and sulfolane (Su, a water soluble metabolite of Bu) plasma levels in children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The relationship between these genotypes and the effectiveness of myeloablative conditioning was also analyzed. Sixty-six children receiving an intravenous Bu-based myeloablative conditioning regimen were genotyped for common functional variant alleles in CYP2C9 (*2 and *3), CYP2C19 (*2 and *17), FMO3 (rs2266780, rs2266782 and rs1736557) and CYP2B6 (*5 and *9). The plasma levels of Bu and its metabolite Su were measured after the ninth Bu dose in a subset of 44 patients for whom plasma samples were available. The ratio of Bu to Su was considered the metabolic ratio (MR) and was compared across the genotype groups. Higher MRs were observed in CYP2C9*2 and *3 allele carriers (mean±s.d.: 7.8±3.6 in carriers vs 4.4±2.2 in non-carriers; P=0.003). An increased incidence of graft failure was observed among patients with an MR>5 compared with those with MR values <5 (20% vs 0%; P=0.02). In contrast, a significantly higher incidence of relapse and graft failure (evaluated as event-free survival) was observed in patients with malignant disease who carried CYP2B6 alleles with reduced function on both chromosomes compared with carriers of at least one normal allele (100% vs 40%; P=0.0001). These results suggest that CYP2C9 has a role in the oxidation reactions of THT and indicate that it may be possible to predict the efficacy of Bu-based myeloablative conditioning before HSCT on the basis of CYP genotypes and Bu MRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R S Uppugunduri
- 1] Department of Pediatrics, Onco-Hematology unit, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland [2] CANSEARCH Research Laboratory, Geneva Medical University, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M A Rezgui
- Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - P H Diaz
- 1] Department of Pediatrics, Onco-Hematology unit, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland [2] CANSEARCH Research Laboratory, Geneva Medical University, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A K Tyagi
- 1] Department of Pediatrics, Onco-Hematology unit, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland [2] CANSEARCH Research Laboratory, Geneva Medical University, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J Rousseau
- Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Y Daali
- 1] CANSEARCH Research Laboratory, Geneva Medical University, Geneva, Switzerland [2] Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Duval
- 1] Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada [2] Department of Pediatrics, Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - H Bittencourt
- 1] Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada [2] Department of Pediatrics, Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - M Krajinovic
- 1] Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada [2] Department of Pediatrics, Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada [3] Department of Pharmacology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - M Ansari
- 1] Department of Pediatrics, Onco-Hematology unit, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland [2] CANSEARCH Research Laboratory, Geneva Medical University, Geneva, Switzerland
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Bukvicki DR, Tyagi AK, Gottardi DG, Veljic MM, Jankovic SM, Guerzoni ME, Marin PD. Assessment of the Chemical Composition and In Vitro Antimicrobial Potential of Extracts of the Liverwort Scapania Aspera. Nat Prod Commun 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1300800932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemical composition of Scapania aspera extracts was determined by solid phase micro extraction gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (SPME GC-MS) and 96 constituents were identified. The dominant compounds in the methanol extract were β-barbatene (25.1%), o-cymene (14.0%), α-barbatene (5.7%), allo-aromadendrene (4.9%) and β-bourbonene, while in the ethanol extract, o-cymene (17.8%), β-barbatene (17.6%), α-thujene (6.7%), octen-1-ol acetate (4.9%) and β-bazzanene (2.4%) were the major components. In the ethyl acetate extract, β-barbatene (14.3%), undecane (11.8%), 2-methyldecane (11.2%), decane (10.9%) and o-cymene (3.6%) were major components. The antimicrobial activity of the different extracts was evaluated against pathogenic and food spoilage microorganisms using disc diffusion and micro-broth dilution methods. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of extracts of S. aspera varied from 0.4 to 1.5 mg/mL and 1 to 3 mg/mL for yeast and bacterial strains, respectively. The zone of inhibition of the methanol extract for yeast strains was higher than that for bacterial strains. The results suggest that S. aspera extracts have potential as natural antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danka R. Bukvicki
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden “Jevremovac”, Studentski trg 16, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia
- University of Bologna, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Via Fanin 46, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Amit K. Tyagi
- University of Delhi, Applied Microbiology laboratory, Centre for Rural Development & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110 016, India
| | - Davide G. Gottardi
- University of Bologna, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Via Fanin 46, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Milan M. Veljic
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden “Jevremovac”, Studentski trg 16, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Snezana M. Jankovic
- Institute for Science Application in Agriculture, Bulevar Despota Stefana 68b, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maria E. Guerzoni
- University of Bologna, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Via Fanin 46, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Petar D. Marin
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden “Jevremovac”, Studentski trg 16, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia
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