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van Ewijk R, Cleirec M, Herold N, le Deley MC, van Eijkelenburg N, Boudou-Rouquette P, Risbourg S, Strauss SJ, Palmerini E, Boye K, Kager L, Hecker-Nolting S, Marchais A, Gaspar N. A systematic review of recent phase-II trials in refractory or recurrent osteosarcoma: Can we inform future trial design? Cancer Treat Rev 2023; 120:102625. [PMID: 37738712 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2023.102625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE To analyze changes in recurrent/refractory osteosarcoma phase II trials over time to inform future trials in this population with poor prognosis. METHODS A systematic review of trials registered on trial registries between 01/01/2017-14/02/2022. Comparison of 98 trials identified between 2003 and 2016. Publication search/analysis for both periods, last update on 01/12/2022. RESULTS Between 2017 and 2022, 71 phase-II trials met our selection criteria (19 osteosarcoma-specific trials, 14 solid tumor trials with and 38 trials without an osteosarcoma-specific stratum). The trial number increased over time: 13.9 versus 7 trials/year (p = 0.06). Monotherapy remained the predominant treatment (62% vs. 62%, p = 1). Targeted therapies were increasingly evaluated (66% vs. 41%, P = 0.001). Heterogeneity persisted in the trial characteristics. The inclusion criteria were measurable disease (75%), evaluable disease (14%), and surgical remission (11%). 82% of the trials included pediatric or adolescent patients. Biomarker-driven trials accounted for 25% of the total trials. The survival endpoint use (rather than response) slightly increased (40% versus 31%), but the study H1/H0 hypotheses remained heterogeneous. Single-arm designs predominated over multiarm trials (n = 7). Available efficacy data on 1361 osteosarcoma patients in 58 trials remained disappointing, even though 21% of these trials were considered positive, predominantly those evaluating multi-targeted kinase inhibitors. CONCLUSION Despite observed changes in trial design and an increased number of trials investigating new therapies, high heterogeneity remained with respect to patient selection, study design, primary endpoints, and statistical hypotheses in recently registered phase II trials for osteosarcoma. Continued optimization of trial design informed by a deeper biological understanding should strengthen the development of new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roelof van Ewijk
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Morgane Cleirec
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Nikolas Herold
- Paediatric Oncology, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden, and Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie-Cécile le Deley
- Unité de Méthodologie et Biostatistiques, Centre Oscar Lambret, Lille, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM, U1018 ONCOSTAT, F-94085 Villejuif, France
| | | | - Pascaline Boudou-Rouquette
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cochin Hospital, Cochin Institute, INSERMU1016, Paris Cancer Institute, CARPEM, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Séverine Risbourg
- Unité de Méthodologie et Biostatistiques, Centre Oscar Lambret, Lille, France
| | - Sandra J Strauss
- Department of Oncology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Emanuela Palmerini
- Osteoncology, Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcomas and Innovative Therapies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Kjetil Boye
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Leo Kager
- St. Anna Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Antonin Marchais
- Department of Oncology for Child and Adolescents, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France; National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, BiiOSTeam, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Nathalie Gaspar
- Department of Oncology for Child and Adolescents, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France; National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, BiiOSTeam, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France.
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2
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Villapol S, Janatpour ZC, Affram KO, Symes AJ. The Renin Angiotensin System as a Therapeutic Target in Traumatic Brain Injury. Neurotherapeutics 2023; 20:1565-1591. [PMID: 37759139 PMCID: PMC10684482 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-023-01435-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health problem, with limited pharmacological options available beyond symptomatic relief. The renin angiotensin system (RAS) is primarily known as a systemic endocrine regulatory system, with major roles controlling blood pressure and fluid homeostasis. Drugs that target the RAS are used to treat hypertension, heart failure and kidney disorders. They have now been used chronically by millions of people and have a favorable safety profile. In addition to the systemic RAS, it is now appreciated that many different organ systems, including the brain, have their own local RAS. The major ligand of the classic RAS, Angiotensin II (Ang II) acts predominantly through the Ang II Type 1 receptor (AT1R), leading to vasoconstriction, inflammation, and heightened oxidative stress. These processes can exacerbate brain injuries. Ang II receptor blockers (ARBs) are AT1R antagonists. They have been shown in several preclinical studies to enhance recovery from TBI in rodents through improvements in molecular, cellular and behavioral correlates of injury. ARBs are now under consideration for clinical trials in TBI. Several different RAS peptides that signal through receptors distinct from the AT1R, are also potential therapeutic targets for TBI. The counter regulatory RAS pathway has actions that oppose those stimulated by AT1R signaling. This alternative pathway has many beneficial effects on cells in the central nervous system, bringing about vasodilation, and having anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress actions. Stimulation of this pathway also has potential therapeutic value for the treatment of TBI. This comprehensive review will provide an overview of the various components of the RAS, with a focus on their direct relevance to TBI pathology. It will explore different therapeutic agents that modulate this system and assess their potential efficacy in treating TBI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Villapol
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zachary C Janatpour
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Kwame O Affram
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Aviva J Symes
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.
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3
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Khalily MP, Soydan M. Peptide-based diagnostic and therapeutic agents: Where we are and where we are heading? Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 101:772-793. [PMID: 36366980 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Peptides are increasingly present in all branches of medicine as innovative drugs, imaging agents, theragnostic, and constituent moieties of other sophisticated drugs such as peptide-drug conjugates. Due to new developments in chemical synthesis strategies, computational biology, recombinant technology, and chemical biology, peptide drug development has made a great progress in the last decade. Numerous natural peptides and peptide mimics have been obtained and studied, covering multiple therapeutic areas. Even though peptides have been investigated across the wide therapeutic spectrum, oncology, metabolism, and endocrinology are the most frequent medical indications of them. This review summarizes the current use of and the emerging new opportunities of peptides for diagnosis and treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melek P Khalily
- Department of Basic Science and Health, Cannabis Research Institute, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Medine Soydan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
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Tomaz da Silva M, Santos AR, Koike TE, Nascimento TL, Rozanski A, Bosnakovski D, Pereira LV, Kumar A, Kyba M, Miyabara EH. The fibrotic niche impairs satellite cell function and muscle regeneration in mouse models of Marfan syndrome. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2023; 237:e13889. [PMID: 36164969 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM It has been suggested that the proliferation and early differentiation of myoblasts are impaired in Marfan syndrome (MFS) mice during muscle regeneration. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated muscle regeneration in MFS mouse models by analyzing the influence of the fibrotic niche on satellite cell function. METHODS In vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro experiments were performed. In addition, we evaluated the effect of the pharmacological inhibition of fibrosis using Ang-(1-7) on regenerating skeletal muscles of MFS mice. RESULTS The skeletal muscle of MFS mice shows an increased accumulation of collagen fibers (81.2%), number of fibroblasts (157.1%), and Smad2/3 signaling (110.5%), as well as an aberrant number of fibro-adipogenic progenitor cells in response to injury compared with wild-type mice. There was an increased number of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory macrophages (3.6- and 3.1-fold, respectively) in regenerating muscles of wild-type mice, but not in the regenerating muscles of MFS mice. Our data show that proliferation and differentiation of satellite cells are altered (p ≤ 0.05) in MFS mice. Myoblast transplantation assay revealed that the regenerating muscles from MFS mice have reduced satellite cell self-renewal capacity (74.7%). In addition, we found that treatment with Ang-(1-7) reduces fibrosis (71.6%) and ameliorates satellite cell dysfunction (p ≤ 0.05) and muscle contractile function (p ≤ 0.05) in MFS mice. CONCLUSION The fibrotic niche, caused by Fbn1 mutations, reduces the myogenic potential of satellite cells, affecting structural and functional muscle regeneration. In addition, the fibrosis inhibitor Ang-(1-7) partially counteracts satellite cell abnormalities and restores myofiber size and contractile force in regenerating muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiricris Tomaz da Silva
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Lillehei Heart Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Audrei R Santos
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiana E Koike
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tabata L Nascimento
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrei Rozanski
- Department of Tissue Dynamics and Regeneration, Max-Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Darko Bosnakovski
- Lillehei Heart Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Lygia V Pereira
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Michael Kyba
- Lillehei Heart Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Elen H Miyabara
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Akhtar S, Babiker F, Akhtar UA, Benter IF. Mitigating Cardiotoxicity of Dendrimers: Angiotensin-(1-7) via Its Mas Receptor Ameliorates PAMAM-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction in the Isolated Mammalian Heart. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122673. [PMID: 36559167 PMCID: PMC9781033 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The influence of the physiochemical properties of dendrimer nanoparticles on cardiac contractility and hemodynamics are not known. Herein, we investigated (a) the effect of polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer generation (G7, G6, G5, G4 and G3) and surface chemistry (-NH2, -COOH and -OH) on cardiac function in mammalian hearts following ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, and (b) determined if any PAMAM-induced cardiotoxicity could be mitigated by Angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7), a cardioprotective agent. METHODS Hearts isolated from male Wistar rats underwent regional I/R and/or treatment with different PAMAM dendrimers, Ang-(1-7) or its MAS receptors antagonists. Thirty minutes of regional ischemia through ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery was followed by 30 min of reperfusion. All treatments were initiated 5 min prior to reperfusion and maintained during the first 10 min of reperfusion. Cardiac function parameters for left ventricular contractility, hemodynamics and vascular dynamics data were acquired digitally, whereas cardiac enzymes and infarct size were used as measures of cardiac injury. RESULTS Treatment of isolated hearts with increasing doses of G7 PAMAM dendrimer progressively exacerbated recovery of cardiac contractility and hemodynamic parameters post-I/R injury. Impairment of cardiac function was progressively less on decreasing dendrimer generation with G3 exhibiting little or no cardiotoxicity. Cationic PAMAMs (-NH2) were more toxic than anionic (-COOH), with neutral PAMAMs (-OH) exhibiting the least cardiotoxicity. Cationic G7 PAMAM-induced cardiac dysfunction was significantly reversed by Ang-(1-7) administration. These cardioprotective effects of Ang-(1-7) were significantly revoked by administration of the MAS receptor antagonists, A779 and D-Pro7-Ang-(1-7). CONCLUSIONS PAMAM dendrimers can impair the recovery of hearts from I/R injury in a dose-, dendrimer-generation-(size) and surface-charge dependent manner. Importantly, PAMAM-induced cardiotoxicity could be mitigated by Ang-(1-7) acting through its MAS receptor. Thus, this study highlights the activation of Ang-(1-7)/Mas receptor axis as a novel strategy to overcome dendrimer-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saghir Akhtar
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (F.B.)
| | - Fawzi Babiker
- Departments of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Health Science Center, Kuwait University, Safat P.O. Box 24923, Kuwait
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (F.B.)
| | - Usman A. Akhtar
- Department of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Ibrahim F. Benter
- Faculty of Medicine, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta 99628, North Cyprus, Turkey
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Shamoon L, Romero A, De la Cuesta F, Sánchez-Ferrer CF, Peiró C. Angiotensin-(1-7), a protective peptide against vascular aging. Peptides 2022; 152:170775. [PMID: 35231551 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2022.170775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Vascular aging is a complex and multifaceted process that provokes profound molecular, structural, and functional changes in the vasculature. Eventually, these profound aging alterations make arteries more prone to vascular disease, including hypertension, atherosclerosis and other arterial complications that impact the organism beyond the cardiovascular system and accelerate frailty. For these reasons, preventing or delaying the hallmarks of vascular aging is nowadays a major health goal, especially in our aged societies. In this context, angiotensin(Ang)-(1-7), a major player of the protective branch of the renin-angiotensin system, has gained relevance over recent years as growing knowledge on its anti-aging properties is being unveiled. Here, we briefly review the main actions of Ang-(1-7) against vascular aging. These include protection against vascular cell senescence, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects together with the induction of cytoprotective systems. Ang-(1-7) further ameliorates endothelial dysfunction, a hallmark of vascular aging and disease, attenuates fibrosis and calcification and promotes protective angiogenesis and repair. Although further research is needed to better understand the anti-aging properties of Ang-(1-7) on the vasculature, this heptapeptide arises as a promising pharmacological tool for preventing vascular aging and frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Shamoon
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, IdIPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Romero
- German Center for the Study of Diabetes, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - F De la Cuesta
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.
| | - C F Sánchez-Ferrer
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, IdIPAZ, Madrid, Spain.
| | - C Peiró
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, IdIPAZ, Madrid, Spain.
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Rahimi O, Melo AC, Westwood B, Grier RDM, Tallant EA, Gallagher PE. Angiotensin-(1-7) reduces doxorubicin-induced aortic arch dysfunction in male and female juvenile Sprague Dawley rats through pleiotropic mechanisms. Peptides 2022; 152:170784. [PMID: 35288251 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2022.170784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Dox), an effective chemotherapeutic, can cause cumulative dose-dependent cardiovascular toxicity, which may manifest as vascular dysfunction leading to long-term end-organ damage. Currently, there are no effective treatments to mitigate Dox-induced vascular damage in cancer patients, particularly pediatric patients. We showed that angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)], an endogenous peptide hormone, mitigated cardiac damage in Dox-treated juvenile rats. In this study assessing aortic stiffness, juvenile male and female rats were administered a clinically equivalent dose of Dox (21-24 mg/kg) over 6 weeks, in the presence and absence of Ang-(1-7) [24 µg/kg/h]. Aortic function was measured using echocardiography. Ang-(1-7) reduced the Dox-mediated increase in pulse wave velocity, a measure of arterial stiffness (males: p < 0.05; females: p < 0.001) as compared in control animals. Dox decreased aortic lumen diameter (p < 0.0001) and increased wall thickness (p < 0.01) in males, which was attenuated by Ang-(1-7). In male but not female aortic arches, Dox increased media hypertrophy (p < 0.05) and reduced elastin content (p < 0.001), which were prevented by Ang-(1-7). Conversely, Dox increased fibrosis (p < 0.0001) in juvenile female rats, which was reduced by Ang-(1-7). Adjunct Ang-(1-7) prevented the Dox-induced increase in total cell and nuclear pERK1/2 in the aortic intima and media of male rats and nuclear pSMAD2 in the intimal and medial regions of the aortic arches of both sexes. These results demonstrate that Ang-(1-7) attenuated Dox-induced aortic dysfunction in both sexes of juvenile rats, albeit through different mechanisms, suggesting that Ang-(1-7) may serve as an effective adjuvant to ameliorate cardiovascular and long-term end-organ damage in pediatric patients produced by anthracyclines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omeed Rahimi
- Surgery/Hypertension and Vascular Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - Ana Clara Melo
- Surgery/Hypertension and Vascular Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - Brian Westwood
- Surgery/Hypertension and Vascular Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - Rui D M Grier
- Surgery/Hypertension and Vascular Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - E Ann Tallant
- Surgery/Hypertension and Vascular Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - Patricia E Gallagher
- Surgery/Hypertension and Vascular Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA.
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Therapeutic peptides: current applications and future directions. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:48. [PMID: 35165272 PMCID: PMC8844085 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-00904-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 404] [Impact Index Per Article: 202.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptide drug development has made great progress in the last decade thanks to new production, modification, and analytic technologies. Peptides have been produced and modified using both chemical and biological methods, together with novel design and delivery strategies, which have helped to overcome the inherent drawbacks of peptides and have allowed the continued advancement of this field. A wide variety of natural and modified peptides have been obtained and studied, covering multiple therapeutic areas. This review summarizes the efforts and achievements in peptide drug discovery, production, and modification, and their current applications. We also discuss the value and challenges associated with future developments in therapeutic peptides.
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Angiotensin-(1-7) Peptide Hormone Reduces Inflammation and Pathogen Burden during Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection in Mice. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13101614. [PMID: 34683907 PMCID: PMC8539524 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The peptide hormone, angiotensin (Ang-(1–7)), produces anti-inflammatory and protective effects by inhibiting production and expression of many cytokines and adhesion molecules that are associated with a cytokine storm. While Ang-(1–7) has been shown to reduce inflammation and airway hyperreactivity in models of asthma, little is known about the effects of Ang-(1–7) during live respiratory infections. Our studies were developed to test if Ang-(1–7) is protective in the lung against overzealous immune responses during an infection with Mycoplasma pneumonia (Mp), a common respiratory pathogen known to provoke exacerbations in asthma and COPD patients. Wild type mice were treated with infectious Mp and a subset of was given either Ang-(1–7) or peptide-free vehicle via oropharyngeal delivery within 2 h of infection. Markers of inflammation in the lung were assessed within 24 h for each set of animals. During Mycoplasma infection, one high dose of Ang-(1–7) delivered to the lungs reduced neutrophilia and Muc5ac, as well as Tnf-α and chemokines (Cxcl1) associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Despite decreased inflammation, Ang-(1-7)-treated mice also had significantly lower Mp burden in their lung tissue, indicating decreased airway colonization. Ang-(1–7) also had an impact on RAW 264.7 cells, a commonly used macrophage cell line, by dose-dependently inhibiting TNF-α production while promoting Mp killing. These new findings provide additional support to the protective role(s) of Ang1-7 in controlling inflammation, which we found to be highly protective against live Mp-induced lung inflammation.
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Issa H, Eid AH, Berry B, Takhviji V, Khosravi A, Mantash S, Nehme R, Hallal R, Karaki H, Dhayni K, Faour WH, Kobeissy F, Nehme A, Zibara K. Combination of Angiotensin (1-7) Agonists and Convalescent Plasma as a New Strategy to Overcome Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) Inhibition for the Treatment of COVID-19. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:620990. [PMID: 33816521 PMCID: PMC8012486 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.620990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is currently the most concerning health problem worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 infects cells by binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). It is believed that the differential response to SARS-CoV-2 is correlated with the differential expression of ACE2. Several reports proposed the use of ACE2 pharmacological inhibitors and ACE2 antibodies to block viral entry. However, ACE2 inhibition is associated with lung and cardiovascular pathology and would probably increase the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Therefore, utilizing ACE2 soluble analogs to block viral entry while rescuing ACE2 activity has been proposed. Despite their protective effects, such analogs can form a circulating reservoir of the virus, thus accelerating its spread in the body. Levels of ACE2 are reduced following viral infection, possibly due to increased viral entry and lysis of ACE2 positive cells. Downregulation of ACE2/Ang (1-7) axis is associated with Ang II upregulation. Of note, while Ang (1-7) exerts protective effects on the lung and cardiovasculature, Ang II elicits pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic detrimental effects by binding to the angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R). Indeed, AT1R blockers (ARBs) can alleviate the harmful effects associated with Ang II upregulation while increasing ACE2 expression and thus the risk of viral infection. Therefore, Ang (1-7) agonists seem to be a better treatment option. Another approach is the transfusion of convalescent plasma from recovered patients with deteriorated symptoms. Indeed, this appears to be promising due to the neutralizing capacity of anti-COVID-19 antibodies. In light of these considerations, we encourage the adoption of Ang (1-7) agonists and convalescent plasma conjugated therapy for the treatment of COVID-19 patients. This therapeutic regimen is expected to be a safer choice since it possesses the proven ability to neutralize the virus while ensuring lung and cardiovascular protection through modulation of the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hawraa Issa
- PRASE and Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences - I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- College of Public Health, Phoenicia University, Zahrani, Lebanon
| | - Ali H. Eid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Bassam Berry
- Institut Pasteur, Paris 6 University, Paris, France
| | - Vahideh Takhviji
- Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Khosravi
- Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sarah Mantash
- PRASE and Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences - I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rawan Nehme
- PRASE and Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences - I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rawan Hallal
- PRASE and Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences - I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hussein Karaki
- PRASE and Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences - I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Kawthar Dhayni
- PRASE and Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences - I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- EA7517, MP3CV, CURS, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Wissam H. Faour
- School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ali Nehme
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kazem Zibara
- PRASE and Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences - I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Sriram K, Loomba R, Insel PA. Targeting the renin-angiotensin signaling pathway in COVID-19: Unanswered questions, opportunities, and challenges. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:29274-29282. [PMID: 33203679 PMCID: PMC7703541 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2009875117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of the renin-angiotensin signaling (RAS) pathway in COVID-19 has received much attention. A central mechanism for COVID-19 pathophysiology has been proposed: imbalance of angiotensin converting enzymes (ACE)1 and ACE2 (ACE2 being the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2] virus "receptor") that results in tissue injury from angiotensin II (Ang II)-mediated signaling. This mechanism provides a rationale for multiple therapeutic approaches. In parallel, clinical data from retrospective analysis of COVID-19 cohorts has revealed that ACE inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) may be beneficial in COVID-19. These findings have led to the initiation of clinical trials using approved drugs that target the generation (ACEIs) and actions (ARBs) of Ang II. However, treatment of COVID-19 with ACEIs/ARBs poses several challenges. These include choosing appropriate inclusion and exclusion criteria, dose optimization, risk of adverse effects and drug interactions, and verification of target engagement. Other approaches related to the RAS pathway might be considered, for example, inhalational administration of ACEIs/ARBs (to deliver drugs directly to the lungs) and use of compounds with other actions (e.g., activation of ACE2, agonism of MAS1 receptors, β-arrestin-based Angiotensin receptor agonists, and administration of soluble ACE2 or ACE2 peptides). Studies with animal models could test such approaches and assess therapeutic benefit. This Perspective highlights questions whose answers could advance RAS-targeting agents as mechanism-driven ways to blunt tissue injury, morbidity, and mortality of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Sriram
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Rohit Loomba
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Paul A Insel
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093;
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
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12
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Cren PY, Lebellec L, Ryckewaert T, Penel N. Anti-Angiogenic Agents in Management of Sarcoma Patients: Overview of Published Trials. Front Oncol 2020; 10:594445. [PMID: 33330082 PMCID: PMC7732617 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.594445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We reviewed all fully published clinical trials assessing anti-angiogenic agents in sarcoma patients (last issue, January 13, 2020). Anti-angiogenic macromolecules (e.g., bevacizumab or ombrabulin) provide disappointing results. Many multikinase inhibitors have been assessed with non-randomized phase II trials with limited samples and without stratification according to histological subtypes, therefore interpretation of such trials is very challenging. On the contrary, pazopanib, regorafenib, and sorafenib have been assessed using double-blind placebo-controlled randomized phase II or phase III trials. Compared to placebo, sorafenib demonstrates activity in desmoid-type fibromatosis patients. Based on results of phase 3 trial, pazopanib had obtained approval for treatment of pretreated non-adipocytic soft tissue sarcoma. Regorafenib is currently assessed in several clinical settings and provides significant improvement of progression-free survival in pre-treated non-adipocytic soft tissue sarcoma and in advanced pretreated osteosarcoma. Multikinase inhibitors are a breakthrough in sarcoma management. Many trials are ongoing. Nevertheless, predictive factors are still missing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Loïc Lebellec
- Lille University, Medical School, Lille, France.,Medical Oncology Unit, Tourcoing Hospital, Tourcoing, France
| | | | - Nicolas Penel
- Lille University, Medical School, Lille, France.,Medical Oncology Department, Centre Oscar Lambret, Lille, France
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13
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Dai C, Wang F, Zhang D, Xu L, Xia X, Zhang J. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of N-Aminoimidazolidin-2-one-Containing Angiotensin-(1-7) Peptidomimetics. Org Lett 2020; 22:8475-8479. [PMID: 33104369 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
N-Aminoimidazolidin-2-one (Aid)-containing peptides with a constrained backbone present a novel class of peptidomimetics for drug discovery. The introduction of Aid residues into peptide sequences has been achieved by intramolecular Mitsunobu cyclization of a serine side chain onto the α-NH of an aza-glycine residue. The effectiveness of this new strategy was demonstrated by synthesizing six Aid-containing analogues of angiotensin-(1-7) on solid support. The Aid analogues of angiotensin-(1-7) exhibited increased peptidase stability against human ACE and DPP3 and improved anti-inflammation and antiproliferation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Dai
- Innovative Drug Research Centre (IDRC), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Fang Wang
- Innovative Drug Research Centre (IDRC), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Innovative Drug Research Centre (IDRC), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Lei Xu
- Innovative Drug Research Centre (IDRC), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Xia
- Innovative Drug Research Centre (IDRC), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Jinqiang Zhang
- Innovative Drug Research Centre (IDRC), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
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14
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Mascolo A, Scavone C, Rafaniello C, Ferrajolo C, Racagni G, Berrino L, Paolisso G, Rossi F, Capuano A. Renin-Angiotensin System and Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Narrative Review. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:143. [PMID: 32850989 PMCID: PMC7431661 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although clinical manifestations of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19), caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2), are mainly respiratory symptoms, patients can also develop severe cardiovascular damage. Therefore, understanding the damage caused by SARS-COV-2 to the cardiovascular system and the underlying mechanisms is fundamental. The cardiovascular damage may be related to the imbalance of the renin-angiotensin-system (RAS) as this virus binds the Angiotensin-Converting-Enzyme 2 (ACE2), expressed on the lung alveolar epithelial cells, to enter into cells. Virus internalization may cause a downregulation of ACE2 on host cell surface that could lead to a local increased level of angiotensin II (AII) and a reduced level of angiotensin 1-7 (A1-7). An imbalance between these angiotensins may be responsible for the lung and heart damage. Pharmacological strategies that interfere with the viral attachment to ACE2 (umifenovir and hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine) or that modulate the RAS (analogous of A1-7 and ACE2, losartan) are in clinical development for COVID-19. The use of RAS inhibitors has also become a matter of public concern as these drugs may increase the mRNA expression and levels of ACE2 and impact the virulence and transmission of SARS-COV-2. Data on the effect of RAS inhibitors on ACE2 mRNA expression are scarce. Scientific societies expressed their opinion on continuing the therapy with RAS inhibitors in patients with COVID-19 and underlying cardiovascular diseases. In conclusion, RAS may play a role in SARS-COV-2-induced cardiac and pulmonary damage. Further studies are needed to better understand the role of RAS in COVID-19 and to guide decision on the use of RAS inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Mascolo
- Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.,Campania Regional Centre for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina Scavone
- Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.,Campania Regional Centre for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Naples, Italy
| | - Concetta Rafaniello
- Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.,Campania Regional Centre for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmen Ferrajolo
- Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.,Campania Regional Centre for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Naples, Italy
| | - Giorgio Racagni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Liberato Berrino
- Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Rossi
- Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.,Campania Regional Centre for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Naples, Italy
| | - Annalisa Capuano
- Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.,Campania Regional Centre for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology, Naples, Italy
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15
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Renin-Angiotensin System in Lung Tumor and Microenvironment Interactions. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061457. [PMID: 32503281 PMCID: PMC7352181 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic involvement of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) reaches beyond cardiovascular physiopathology. Recent knowledge pinpoints a pleiotropic role for this system, particularly in the lung, and mainly through locally regulated alternative molecules and secondary pathways. Angiotensin peptides play a role in cell proliferation, immunoinflammatory response, hypoxia and angiogenesis, which are critical biological processes in lung cancer. This manuscript reviews the literature supporting a role for the renin-angiotensin system in the lung tumor microenvironment and discusses whether blockade of this pathway in clinical settings may serve as an adjuvant therapy in lung cancer.
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16
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Magalhães GS, Gregório JF, Ramos KE, Cançado-Ribeiro ATP, Baroni IF, Barcelos LS, Pinho V, Teixeira MM, Santos RAS, Rodrigues-Machado MG, Campagnole-Santos MJ. Treatment with inhaled formulation of angiotensin-(1-7) reverses inflammation and pulmonary remodeling in a model of chronic asthma. Immunobiology 2020; 225:151957. [PMID: 32517880 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2020.151957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is characterized by inflammation, pulmonary remodeling and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. We have previously shown that treatment with angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)] promotes resolution of eosinophilic inflammation and prevents chronic allergic lung inflammation. Here, we evaluated the effect of treatment with the inclusion compound of Ang-(1-7) in hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) given by inhalation on pulmonary remodeling in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced chronic allergic lung inflammation. Mice were sensitized to ovalbumin (OVA; 4 injections over 42 days, 14 days apart) and were challenged 3 times per week, for 4 weeks (days 21-46). After the 2nd week of challenge, mice were treated with Ang-(1-7) by inhalation (4.5 μg of Ang-(1-7) included in 6.9 μg of HPβCD for 14 days, i.e. days 35-48). Mice were killed 72 h after the last challenge and blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lungs were collected. Histology and morphometric analysis were performed in the lung. Metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and MMP-12 expression and activity, IL-5, CCL11 in the lung and plasma IgE were measured. After 2 weeks of OVA challenge there was an increase in plasma IgE and in inflammatory cells infiltration in the lung of asthmatic mice. Treatment with inhaled administration of Ang-(1-7)/HPβCD for 14 days reduced eosinophils, IL5, CCL11 in the lung and plasma IgE. Treatment of asthmatic mice with Ang-(1-7)/HPβCD by inhalation reversed pulmonary remodeling by reducing collagen deposition and MMP-9 and MMP-12 expression and activity. These results show for the first time that treatment by inhalation with Ang-(1-7) can reverse an installed asthma, inhibiting pulmonary inflammation and remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselle Santos Magalhães
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics (INCT-Nanobiofar), Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Faculty of Medical Sciences of Minas Gerais, Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Juliana Fabiana Gregório
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics (INCT-Nanobiofar), Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Kezia Emanoeli Ramos
- Faculty of Medical Sciences of Minas Gerais, Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Isis Felippe Baroni
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics (INCT-Nanobiofar), Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lucíola Silva Barcelos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics (INCT-Nanobiofar), Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Pinho
- Department of Morphology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Robson Augusto Souza Santos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics (INCT-Nanobiofar), Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Jose Campagnole-Santos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics (INCT-Nanobiofar), Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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17
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Rahimi O, Kirby J, Varagic J, Westwood B, Tallant EA, Gallagher PE. Angiotensin-(1–7) reduces doxorubicin-induced cardiac dysfunction in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats through antioxidant mechanisms. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 318:H883-H894. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00224.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Dox) is an effective chemotherapeutic for a variety of pediatric malignancies. Unfortunately, Dox administration often results in a cumulative dose-dependent cardiotoxicity that manifests with marked oxidative stress, leading to heart failure. Adjunct therapies are needed to mitigate Dox cardiotoxicity and enhance quality of life in pediatric patients with cancer. Angiotensin-(1–7) [Ang-(1–7)] is an endogenous hormone with cardioprotective properties. This study investigated whether adjunct Ang-(1–7) attenuates cardiotoxicity resulting from exposure to Dox in male and female juvenile rats. Dox significantly reduced body mass, and the addition of Ang-(1–7) had no effect. However, adjunct Ang-(1–7) prevented Dox-mediated diastolic dysfunction, including markers of decreased passive filling as measured by reduced early diastole mitral valve flow velocity peak ( E) ( P < 0.05) and early diastole mitral valve annulus peak velocity ( e′; P < 0.001) and increased E/e′ ( P < 0.001), an echocardiographic measure of diastolic dysfunction. Since Dox treatment increases reactive oxygen species (ROS), the effect of Ang-(1–7) on oxidative by-products and enzymes that generate or reduce ROS was investigated. In hearts of male and female juvenile rats, Dox increased NADPH oxidase 4 ( P < 0.05), a major cardiovascular NADPH oxidase isozyme that generates ROS, as well as 4-hydroxynonenal ( P < 0.001) and malondialdehyde ( P < 0.001), markers of lipid peroxidation; Ang-(1–7) prevented these effects of Dox. Cotreatment with Dox and Ang-(1–7) increased the antioxidant enzymes SOD1 (male: P < 0.05; female: P < 0.01) and catalase ( P < 0.05), which likely contributed to reduced ROS. These results demonstrate that Ang-(1–7) prevents diastolic dysfunction in association with a reduction in ROS, suggesting that the heptapeptide hormone may serve as an effective adjuvant to improve Dox-induced cardiotoxicity. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Ang-(1–7) is a clinically safe peptide hormone with cardioprotective and antineoplastic properties that could be used as an adjuvant therapy to improve cancer treatment and mitigate the long-term cardiotoxicity associated with doxorubicin in pediatric patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omeed Rahimi
- Hypertension and Vascular Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Jay Kirby
- Hypertension and Vascular Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Jasmina Varagic
- Hypertension and Vascular Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Brian Westwood
- Hypertension and Vascular Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - E. Ann Tallant
- Hypertension and Vascular Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Patricia E. Gallagher
- Hypertension and Vascular Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
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18
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Oral formulation angiotensin-(1-7) therapy attenuates pulmonary and systemic damage in mice with emphysema induced by elastase. Immunobiology 2020; 225:151893. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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19
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Arendse LB, Danser AHJ, Poglitsch M, Touyz RM, Burnett JC, Llorens-Cortes C, Ehlers MR, Sturrock ED. Novel Therapeutic Approaches Targeting the Renin-Angiotensin System and Associated Peptides in Hypertension and Heart Failure. Pharmacol Rev 2019; 71:539-570. [PMID: 31537750 PMCID: PMC6782023 DOI: 10.1124/pr.118.017129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the success of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockade by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) blockers, current therapies for hypertension and related cardiovascular diseases are still inadequate. Identification of additional components of the RAS and associated vasoactive pathways, as well as new structural and functional insights into established targets, have led to novel therapeutic approaches with the potential to provide improved cardiovascular protection and better blood pressure control and/or reduced adverse side effects. The simultaneous modulation of several neurohumoral mediators in key interconnected blood pressure-regulating pathways has been an attractive approach to improve treatment efficacy, and several novel approaches involve combination therapy or dual-acting agents. In addition, increased understanding of the complexity of the RAS has led to novel approaches aimed at upregulating the ACE2/angiotensin-(1-7)/Mas axis to counter-regulate the harmful effects of the ACE/angiotensin II/angiotensin III/AT1R axis. These advances have opened new avenues for the development of novel drugs targeting the RAS to better treat hypertension and heart failure. Here we focus on new therapies in preclinical and early clinical stages of development, including novel small molecule inhibitors and receptor agonists/antagonists, less conventional strategies such as gene therapy to suppress angiotensinogen at the RNA level, recombinant ACE2 protein, and novel bispecific designer peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren B Arendse
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa (L.B.A., E.D.S.); Division of Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (A.H.J.D.); Attoquant Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria (M.P.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (R.M.T.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (J.C.B.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France (C.L.-C.); and Clinical Trials Group, Immune Tolerance Network, San Francisco, California (M.R.E.)
| | - A H Jan Danser
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa (L.B.A., E.D.S.); Division of Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (A.H.J.D.); Attoquant Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria (M.P.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (R.M.T.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (J.C.B.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France (C.L.-C.); and Clinical Trials Group, Immune Tolerance Network, San Francisco, California (M.R.E.)
| | - Marko Poglitsch
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa (L.B.A., E.D.S.); Division of Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (A.H.J.D.); Attoquant Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria (M.P.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (R.M.T.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (J.C.B.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France (C.L.-C.); and Clinical Trials Group, Immune Tolerance Network, San Francisco, California (M.R.E.)
| | - Rhian M Touyz
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa (L.B.A., E.D.S.); Division of Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (A.H.J.D.); Attoquant Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria (M.P.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (R.M.T.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (J.C.B.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France (C.L.-C.); and Clinical Trials Group, Immune Tolerance Network, San Francisco, California (M.R.E.)
| | - John C Burnett
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa (L.B.A., E.D.S.); Division of Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (A.H.J.D.); Attoquant Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria (M.P.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (R.M.T.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (J.C.B.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France (C.L.-C.); and Clinical Trials Group, Immune Tolerance Network, San Francisco, California (M.R.E.)
| | - Catherine Llorens-Cortes
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa (L.B.A., E.D.S.); Division of Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (A.H.J.D.); Attoquant Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria (M.P.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (R.M.T.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (J.C.B.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France (C.L.-C.); and Clinical Trials Group, Immune Tolerance Network, San Francisco, California (M.R.E.)
| | - Mario R Ehlers
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa (L.B.A., E.D.S.); Division of Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (A.H.J.D.); Attoquant Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria (M.P.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (R.M.T.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (J.C.B.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France (C.L.-C.); and Clinical Trials Group, Immune Tolerance Network, San Francisco, California (M.R.E.)
| | - Edward D Sturrock
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa (L.B.A., E.D.S.); Division of Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (A.H.J.D.); Attoquant Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria (M.P.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (R.M.T.); Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (J.C.B.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France (C.L.-C.); and Clinical Trials Group, Immune Tolerance Network, San Francisco, California (M.R.E.)
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20
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AVE 0991 Attenuates Pyroptosis and Liver Damage after Heatstroke by Inhibiting the ROS-NLRP3 Inflammatory Signalling Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:1806234. [PMID: 31531346 PMCID: PMC6720052 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1806234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7)), an essential endocrine factor, inhibits the NLRP3 inflammasome by regulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) in fibrotic livers. We also demonstrated that the NLRP3 inflammasome contributes to the liver damage induced by pyroptosis after heatstroke. However, the role of Ang-(1-7) in the hepatocytes under heat stress remains uncertain. We aimed to examine the change in angiotensin peptides in the livers affected by heatstroke and the effect on the ROS-NLRP3 inflammatory signalling pathway. In vivo, increased angiotensin II (Ang II) and decreased Ang-(1-7) in the serum of heatstroke patients suffering from hepatic dysfunction were observed. The change in angiotensin peptides was considered a potential biomarker that could be used to predict hepatic dysfunction. Enhanced Ang II and attenuated Ang-(1-7) levels were also observed in the liver tissue of heatstroke rats, which were consistent with their receptors and converting enzymes. Hepatic damage associated with increased ROS and protein expression levels of NOX4, NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1β was attenuated by AVE 0991, an analogue of Ang-(1-7). In vitro, pyroptosis, characterized by activated caspase-1 and IL-1β, was observed in hepatocytes under heat stress, which was enhanced by Ang II and attenuated by antioxidants, NOX4 siRNA, and AVE 0991. In summary, AVE 0991 attenuates pyroptosis and liver damage induced by heat stress by inhibiting the ROS-NLRP3 inflammatory signalling pathway.
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21
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Roth IM, Wickremesekera AC, Wickremesekera SK, Davis PF, Tan ST. Therapeutic Targeting of Cancer Stem Cells via Modulation of the Renin-Angiotensin System. Front Oncol 2019; 9:745. [PMID: 31440473 PMCID: PMC6694711 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are proposed to be the cells that initiate tumorigenesis and maintain tumor development due to their self-renewal and multipotency properties. CSCs have been identified in many cancer types and are thought to be responsible for treatment resistance, metastasis, and recurrence. As such, targeting CSCs specifically should result in durable cancer treatment. One potential option for targeting CSCs is by manipulation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and pathways that converge on the RAS with numerous inexpensive medications currently in common clinical use. In addition to its crucial role in cardiovascular and body fluid homeostasis, the RAS is vital for stem cell maintenance and differentiation and plays a role in tumorigenesis and cancer prevention, suggesting that these roles may converge and result in modulation of CSC function by the RAS. In support of this, components of the RAS have been shown to be expressed in many cancer types and have been more recently localized to the CSCs in some tumors. Given these roles of the RAS in tumor development, clinical trials using RAS inhibitors either singly or in combination with other therapies are underway in different cancer types. This review outlines the roles of the RAS, with respect to CSCs, and suggests that the presence of components of the RAS in CSCs could offer an avenue for therapeutic targeting using RAS modulators. Due to the nature of the RAS and its crosstalk with numerous other signaling pathways, a systems approach using traditional RAS inhibitors in combination with inhibitors of bypass loops of the RAS and other signaling pathways that converge on the RAS may offer a novel therapeutic approach to cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imogen M Roth
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Agadha C Wickremesekera
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington, New Zealand.,Department of Neurosurgery, Wellington Regional Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Susrutha K Wickremesekera
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington, New Zealand.,Upper Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Section, Department of General Surgery, Wellington Regional Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Paul F Davis
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Swee T Tan
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington, New Zealand.,Wellington Regional Plastic, Maxillofacial and Burns Unit, Hutt Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand
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22
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Dai C, Ma J, Li M, Wu W, Xia X, Zhang J. Diversity-oriented submonomer synthesis of azapeptides mediated by the Mitsunobu reaction. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00296k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new approach featuring the Mitsunobu reaction for the convenient synthesis of azapeptides on a solid support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Dai
- Innovative Drug Research Centre (IDRC)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 401331
| | - Jun Ma
- Innovative Drug Research Centre (IDRC)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 401331
| | - Min Li
- Innovative Drug Research Centre (IDRC)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 401331
| | - Wen Wu
- Innovative Drug Research Centre (IDRC)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 401331
| | - Xuefeng Xia
- Innovative Drug Research Centre (IDRC)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 401331
| | - Jinqiang Zhang
- Innovative Drug Research Centre (IDRC)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 401331
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23
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Lin YT, Wang HC, Chuang HC, Hsu YC, Yang MY, Chien CY. Pre-treatment with angiotensin-(1-7) inhibits tumor growth via autophagy by downregulating PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma xenografts. J Mol Med (Berl) 2018; 96:1407-1418. [PMID: 30374682 PMCID: PMC7095977 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-018-1704-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Abstract The highest incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is in southeast China, including Taiwan. Many side effects have been observed following radiation therapy with chemotherapy; hence, exploring new treatment modalities for NPC is an important future direction. Angiotensin-(1–7) [Ang-(1–7)] is an endogenous heptapeptide hormone and important component of the renin–angiotensin system that acts through both the Mas receptor and AT2 receptor, exhibiting anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic properties in cancer cells. However, the anti-cancer activity of Ang-(1–7) related to autophagy in NPC remains largely debated. The effects and signaling pathway(s) involved in the Ang-(1–7)/Mas receptor axis in NPC were investigated both in vitro and in vivo. Ang-(1–7) inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in NPC-TW01 cells. Ang-(1–7) induced autophagy by increasing the levels of the autophagy marker LC3-II and by enhancing p62 degradation via activation of the Beclin-1/Bcl-2 signaling pathway with involvement of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and p38 pathways in vitro study. In addition, pre-treatment with Ang-(1–7) inhibited tumor growth in NPC xenografts by inducing autophagy, suggesting a correlation between PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway inhibition and the abovementioned anti-cancer activities. However, no autophagy was observed following Ang-(1–7) post-treatment. Taken together, these data indicate that Ang-(1–7) plays a novel role in autophagy downstream signaling pathways in NPC, supporting its potential as a therapeutic agent for alleviation the incidence of NPC and preventive treatment of recurrent NPC. Key messages Ang-(1–7) inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by activating autophagy Ang-(1–7)pre-treatment inhibits tumor growth via autophagy by suppressing PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Ang-(1–7) may provide a novel preventative treatment for NPC and recurrent NPC
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00109-018-1704-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tsai Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Song District, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan.,Kaohsiung Chang Gung Head and Neck Oncology Group, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,College of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung County, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chen Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ching Chuang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Song District, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan.,Kaohsiung Chang Gung Head and Neck Oncology Group, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chiang Hsu
- Department of Medical Sciences Industry and Innovative Research Center of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yu Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Song District, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Yen Chien
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Song District, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan. .,Kaohsiung Chang Gung Head and Neck Oncology Group, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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24
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Mao Y, Pei N, Chen X, Chen H, Yan R, Bai N, Li A, Li J, Zhang Y, Du H, Chen B, Sumners C, Wang X, Wang S, Li H. Angiotensin 1-7 Overexpression Mediated by a Capsid-optimized AAV8 Vector Leads to Significant Growth Inhibition of Hepatocellular Carcinoma In vivo. Int J Biol Sci 2018; 14:57-68. [PMID: 29483825 PMCID: PMC5821049 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.22235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)] has been identified to inhibit the growth of many types of tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo. However, the rapid degradation of Ang-(1-7) in vivo limits its clinical application. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotype-8 is a remarkable vector for long-term in vivo gene delivery. Method: This study was designed to investigate the effects of AAV-mediated Ang-(1-7) overexpression on hepatocellular carcinoma. We first generated three different tyrosine (Y) to phenylalanine (F) mutants of AAV8 (Y447F, Y703F, Y708F) and evaluated their in vivo transduction efficiencies. Results: The data indicated that the Y703F mutant elicited a significant enhancement of liver gene delivery when compared with wild-type AAV8 (wtAAV8). The anti-tumor effect of Ang-(1-7) mediated by this optimized vector was evaluated in H22 hepatoma-bearing mice. Our results demonstrated that AAV-Ang-(1-7) persistently inhibited the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma by significantly downregulating angiogenesis. This was confirmed by observed decreases in the levels of the proangiogenic factors VEGF and PIGF. Conclusion: Collectively, these data suggest that Ang-(1-7) overexpression mediated by the optimized vector may be an effective alternative for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy due to its long-term and significant anti-tumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Mao
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Nana Pei
- Department of Clinical Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinglu Chen
- Clinical Laboratory,The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huiying Chen
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Renhe Yan
- Guangzhou Bioneeds Biotechnology CO., LTD, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Na Bai
- Deparement of Nuclear Medicine, People's Hospital of Yuxi City, Yuxi, Yunnan, China
| | - Andrew Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Jinlong Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanling Zhang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongyan Du
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Baihong Chen
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Colin Sumners
- Departments of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Xuejun Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: ; ;
| | - Shengqi Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: ; ;
| | - Hongwei Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: ; ;
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25
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Tamargo M, Tamargo J. Future drug discovery in renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system intervention. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2017; 12:827-848. [PMID: 28541811 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2017.1335301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASIs), including angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin AT1 receptor blockers and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), are the cornerstone for the treatment of cardiovascular and renal diseases. Areas covered: The authors searched MEDLINE, PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov to identify eligible full-text English language papers. Herein, the authors discuss AT2-receptor agonists and ACE2/angiotensin-(1-7)/Mas-receptor axis modulators, direct renin inhibitors, brain aminopeptidase A inhibitors, biased AT1R blockers, chymase inhibitors, multitargeted drugs, vaccines and aldosterone receptor antagonists as well as aldosterone synthase inhibitors. Expert opinion: Preclinical studies have demonstrated that activation of the protective axis of the RAAS represents a novel therapeutic strategy for treating cardiovascular and renal diseases, but there are no clinical trials supporting our expectations. Non-steroidal MRAs might become the third-generation of MRAs for the treatment of heart failure, diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease. The main challenge for these new drugs is that conventional RAASIs are safe, effective and cheap generics. Thus, the future of new RAASIs will be directed by economical/strategic reasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tamargo
- a Department of Cardiology , Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, CIBERCV , Madrid , Spain
| | - Juan Tamargo
- b Department of Pharmacology , School of Medicine, University Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, CIBERCV , Madrid , Spain
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