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Yin T, Mou S, Zhang H, Dong Y, Yan B, Huang W, Liu Y, Mei H. CXCL10 could be a prognostic and immunological biomarker in bladder cancer. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:148. [PMID: 38720149 PMCID: PMC11078901 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-00982-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As proteins that promote immune cell differentiation, chemokines have attracted great interest regarding their role in anti-tumor immune responses within the cancer environment. However, the exact role of CXCL10, a chemokine, in bladder cancer (BLCA) is still not fully elucidated. METHOD In the present study, we employed bioinformatics approaches to examine the expression pattern, prognostic value, and immune infiltration of CXCL10 in BLCA. Furthermore, we focused on examining the impact of CXCL10 on immune therapy in BLCA. Additionally, we validated the expression of CXCL10 in various BLCA cell lines using PCR techniques. RESULTS We observed an upregulation of CXCL10 in BLCA tissues as well as in different cell lines. Additionally, upregulation of CXCL10 indicates a better prognosis for BLCA patients. ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithms suggest that CXCL10 is closely associated with the immune microenvironment of BLCA. Through multiple immune therapy cohorts, we also identified that CXCL10 has shown promising predictive value for assessing the efficacy of immune therapy in in BLCA. CONCLUSION Our study indicates that CXCL10 has the potential to serve as a favorable prognostic factor and is strongly associated with immune infiltration in BLCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen University Medical College, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Systems Biology and Synthetic Biology for Urogenital Tumors, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuanzhu Mou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen University Medical College, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Systems Biology and Synthetic Biology for Urogenital Tumors, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haiyu Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Systems Biology and Synthetic Biology for Urogenital Tumors, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ying Dong
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen University Medical College, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Systems Biology and Synthetic Biology for Urogenital Tumors, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bing Yan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen University Medical College, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Systems Biology and Synthetic Biology for Urogenital Tumors, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weisheng Huang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Systems Biology and Synthetic Biology for Urogenital Tumors, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuhan Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Systems Biology and Synthetic Biology for Urogenital Tumors, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongbing Mei
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
- Shenzhen University Medical College, Shenzhen, China.
- Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Clinical Medicine College of Anhui Medical University, Shenzhen, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Systems Biology and Synthetic Biology for Urogenital Tumors, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
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Wang J, Peng J, Chen Y, Nasser MI, Qin H. The role of stromal cells in epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity and its therapeutic potential. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:13. [PMID: 38244071 PMCID: PMC10799841 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-00867-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical tumor invasion and metastasis process. EMT enables tumor cells to migrate, detach from their original location, enter the circulation, circulate within it, and eventually exit from blood arteries to colonize in foreign sites, leading to the development of overt metastases, ultimately resulting in death. EMT is intimately tied to stromal cells around the tumor and is controlled by a range of cytokines secreted by stromal cells. This review summarizes recent research on stromal cell-mediated EMT in tumor invasion and metastasis. We also discuss the effects of various stromal cells on EMT induction and focus on the molecular mechanisms by which several significant stromal cells convert from foes to friends of cancer cells to fuel EMT processes via their secretions in the tumor microenvironment (TME). As a result, a better knowledge of the role of stromal cells in cancer cells' EMT may pave the path to cancer eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjing Wang
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Junmei Peng
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonglin Chen
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province Department of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - M I Nasser
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510100, Guangdong, China.
| | - Hui Qin
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
- The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province Department of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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3
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Livne-Bar I, Maurya S, Gronert K, Sivak JM. Lipoxins A 4 and B 4 inhibit glial cell activation via CXCR3 signaling in acute retinal neuroinflammation. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:18. [PMID: 38212822 PMCID: PMC10782675 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03010-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipoxins are small lipids that are potent endogenous mediators of systemic inflammation resolution in a variety of diseases. We previously reported that Lipoxins A4 and B4 (LXA4 and LXB4) have protective activities against neurodegenerative injury. Yet, lipoxin activities and downstream signaling in neuroinflammatory processes are not well understood. Here, we utilized a model of posterior uveitis induced by lipopolysaccharide endotoxin (LPS), which results in rapid retinal neuroinflammation primarily characterized by activation of resident macroglia (astrocytes and Müller glia), and microglia. Using this model, we observed that each lipoxin reduces acute inner retinal inflammation by affecting endogenous glial responses in a cascading sequence beginning with astrocytes and then microglia, depending on the timing of exposure; prophylactic or therapeutic. Subsequent analyses of retinal cytokines and chemokines revealed inhibition of both CXCL9 (MIG) and CXCL10 (IP10) by each lipoxin, compared to controls, following LPS injection. CXCL9 and CXCL10 are common ligands for the CXCR3 chemokine receptor, which is prominently expressed in inner retinal astrocytes and ganglion cells. We found that CXCR3 inhibition reduces LPS-induced neuroinflammation, while CXCR3 agonism alone induces astrocyte reactivity. Together, these data uncover a novel lipoxin-CXCR3 pathway to promote distinct anti-inflammatory and proresolution cascades in endogenous retinal glia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izhar Livne-Bar
- Department of Vision Sciences, Donald K Johnson Eye Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Krembil Discovery Tower, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5T 0S8, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of Toronto School of Medicine, Toronto, Canada
| | - Shubham Maurya
- Herbert Wertheim School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Karsten Gronert
- Herbert Wertheim School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Vision Science Program, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Infectious Disease and Immunity Program, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jeremy M Sivak
- Department of Vision Sciences, Donald K Johnson Eye Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Krembil Discovery Tower, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5T 0S8, Canada.
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of Toronto School of Medicine, Toronto, Canada.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto School of Medicine, Toronto, Canada.
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4
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Zheng W, Ling S, Cao Y, Shao C, Sun X. Combined use of NK cells and radiotherapy in the treatment of solid tumors. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1306534. [PMID: 38264648 PMCID: PMC10803658 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1306534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes possessing potent tumor surveillance and elimination activity. Increasing attention is being focused on the role of NK cells in integral antitumor strategies (especially immunotherapy). Of note, therapeutic efficacy is considerable dependent on two parameters: the infiltration and cytotoxicity of NK cells in tumor microenvironment (TME), both of which are impaired by several obstacles (e.g., chemokines, hypoxia). Strategies to overcome such barriers are needed. Radiotherapy is a conventional modality employed to cure solid tumors. Recent studies suggest that radiotherapy not only damages tumor cells directly, but also enhances tumor recognition by immune cells through altering molecular expression of tumor or immune cells via the in situ or abscopal effect. Thus, radiotherapy may rebuild a NK cells-favored TME, and thus provide a cost-effective approach to improve the infiltration of NK cells into solid tumors, as well as elevate immune-activity. Moreover, the radioresistance of tumor always hampers the response to radiotherapy. Noteworthy, the puissant cytotoxic activity of NK cells not only kills tumor cells directly, but also increases the response of tumors to radiation via activating several radiosensitization pathways. Herein, we review the mechanisms by which NK cells and radiotherapy mutually promote their killing function against solid malignancies. We also discuss potential strategies harnessing such features in combined anticancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sunkai Ling
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuandong Cao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunlin Shao
- Institution of Radiation Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinchen Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Thompson AL, Grenald SA, Ciccone HA, Mohty D, Smith AF, Coleman DL, Bahramnejad E, De Leon E, Kasper-Conella L, Uhrlab JL, Margolis DS, Salvemini D, Largent-Milnes TM, Vanderah TW. Morphine-induced osteolysis and hypersensitivity is mediated through toll-like receptor-4 in a murine model of metastatic breast cancer. Pain 2023; 164:2463-2476. [PMID: 37326644 PMCID: PMC10578422 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The propensity for breast cancer to metastasize to bone is coupled to the most common complaint among breast cancer patients: bone pain. Classically, this type of pain is treated using escalating doses of opioids, which lack long-term efficacy due to analgesic tolerance, opioid-induced hypersensitivity, and have recently been linked to enhanced bone loss. To date, the molecular mechanisms underlying these adverse effects have not been fully explored. Using an immunocompetent murine model of metastatic breast cancer, we demonstrated that sustained morphine infusion induced a significant increase in osteolysis and hypersensitivity within the ipsilateral femur through the activation of toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4). Pharmacological blockade with TAK242 (resatorvid) as well as the use of a TLR4 genetic knockout ameliorated the chronic morphine-induced osteolysis and hypersensitivity. Genetic MOR knockout did not mitigate chronic morphine hypersensitivity or bone loss. In vitro studies using RAW264.7 murine macrophages precursor cells demonstrated morphine-enhanced osteoclastogenesis that was inhibited by the TLR4 antagonist. Together, these data indicate that morphine induces osteolysis and hypersensitivity that are mediated, in part, through a TLR4 receptor mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austen L. Thompson
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Shaness A. Grenald
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Haley A. Ciccone
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Dieter Mohty
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Angela F. Smith
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Deziree L. Coleman
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Erfan Bahramnejad
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Erick De Leon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Logan Kasper-Conella
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | | | - David S. Margolis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Daniela Salvemini
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Tally M. Largent-Milnes
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Comprehensive Pain and Addiction Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Todd W. Vanderah
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Comprehensive Pain and Addiction Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
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6
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Ran X, Tong L, Chenghao W, Qi L, Bo P, Jiaying Z, Jun W, Linyou Z. Single-cell data analysis of malignant epithelial cell heterogeneity in lung adenocarcinoma for patient classification and prognosis prediction. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20164. [PMID: 37809682 PMCID: PMC10559937 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. Most advanced lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients have poor survival because of drug resistance and relapse. Neglecting intratumoral heterogeneity might be one of the reasons for treatment insensitivity, while single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technologies can provide transcriptome information at the single-cell level. Herein, we combined scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq data of LUAD and identified a novel cluster of malignant epithelial cells - KRT81+ malignant epithelial cells - associated with worse prognoses. Further analysis revealed that the hypoxia and EMT pathways of these cells were activated to predispose them to differentiate into metastatic lung adenocarcinoma cells. Finally, we also studied the role of these tumor cells in the immune microenvironment and their role in the classification and prognosis prediction of lung adenocarcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Ran
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lu Tong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wang Chenghao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Li Qi
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Peng Bo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhao Jiaying
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wang Jun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Baoji Central Hospital, Baoji, China
| | - Zhang Linyou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Dillemans L, De Somer L, Neerinckx B, Proost P. A review of the pleiotropic actions of the IFN-inducible CXC chemokine receptor 3 ligands in the synovial microenvironment. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:78. [PMID: 36862204 PMCID: PMC11071919 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04715-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines are pivotal players in instigation and perpetuation of synovitis through leukocytes egress from the blood circulation into the inflamed articulation. Multitudinous literature addressing the involvement of the dual-function interferon (IFN)-inducible chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 in diseases characterized by chronic inflammatory arthritis emphasizes the need for detangling their etiopathological relevance. Through interaction with their mutual receptor CXC chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3), the chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 exert their hallmark function of coordinating directional trafficking of CD4+ TH1 cells, CD8+ T cells, NK cells and NKT cells towards inflammatory niches. Among other (patho)physiological processes including infection, cancer, and angiostasis, IFN-inducible CXCR3 ligands have been implicated in autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the abundant presence of IFN-induced CXCR3 ligands in bodily fluids of patients with inflammatory arthritis, the outcomes of their selective depletion in rodent models, and the attempts at developing candidate drugs targeting the CXCR3 chemokine system. We further propose that the involvement of the CXCR3 binding chemokines in synovitis and joint remodeling encompasses more than solely the directional ingress of CXCR3-expressing leukocytes. The pleotropic actions of the IFN-inducible CXCR3 ligands in the synovial niche reiteratively illustrate the extensive complexity of the CXCR3 chemokine network, which is based on the intercommunion of IFN-inducible CXCR3 ligands with distinct CXCR3 isoforms, enzymes, cytokines, and infiltrated and resident cells present in the inflamed joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luna Dillemans
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lien De Somer
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Barbara Neerinckx
- Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paul Proost
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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8
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The pro-tumorigenic responses in metastatic niches: an immunological perspective. CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF SPANISH ONCOLOGY SOCIETIES AND OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE OF MEXICO 2023; 25:333-344. [PMID: 36136272 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02950-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is the leading cause of mortality related to cancer. In the course of metastasis, cancer cells detach from the primary tumor, enter the circulation, extravasate at secondary sites, and colonize there. All of these steps are rate limiting and decrease the efficiency of metastasis. Prior to their arrival, tumor cells can modify the secondary sites. These favorable microenvironments increase the probability of successful dissemination and are referred to as pre-metastatic niches. Cancer cells use different mechanisms to induce and maintain these niches, among which immune cells play prominent roles. The immune system, including innate and adaptive, enhances recruitment, extravasation, and colonization of tumor cells at distant sites. In addition to immune cells, stromal cells can also contribute to forming pre-metastatic niches. This review summarizes the pro-metastatic responses conducted by immune cells and the assistance of stromal cells and endothelial cells in the induction of pre-metastatic niches.
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Carney CP, Kapur A, Anastasiadis P, Ritzel RM, Chen C, Woodworth GF, Winkles JA, Kim AJ. Fn14-Directed DART Nanoparticles Selectively Target Neoplastic Cells in Preclinical Models of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:314-330. [PMID: 36374573 PMCID: PMC11056964 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients with brain metastasis (BM) face dismal prognosis due to the limited therapeutic efficacy of the currently available treatment options. We previously demonstrated that paclitaxel-loaded PLGA-PEG nanoparticles (NPs) directed to the Fn14 receptor, termed "DARTs", are more efficacious than Abraxane─an FDA-approved paclitaxel nanoformulation─following intravenous delivery in a mouse model of TNBC BM. However, the precise basis for this difference was not investigated. Here, we further examine the utility of the DART drug delivery platform in complementary xenograft and syngeneic TNBC BM models. First, we demonstrated that, in comparison to nontargeted NPs, DART NPs exhibit preferential association with Fn14-positive human and murine TNBC cell lines cultured in vitro. We next identified tumor cells as the predominant source of Fn14 expression in the TNBC BM-immune microenvironment with minimal expression by microglia, infiltrating macrophages, monocytes, or lymphocytes. We then show that despite similar accumulation in brains harboring TNBC tumors, Fn14-targeted DARTs exhibit significant and specific association with Fn14-positive TNBC cells compared to nontargeted NPs or Abraxane. Together, these results indicate that Fn14 expression primarily by tumor cells in TNBC BMs enables selective DART NP delivery to these cells, likely driving the significantly improved therapeutic efficacy observed in our prior work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine P Carney
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Anshika Kapur
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Pavlos Anastasiadis
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Rodney M Ritzel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Chixiang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Graeme F Woodworth
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, A. James Clarke School of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Jeffrey A Winkles
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Anthony J Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, A. James Clarke School of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
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Zhu L, Gao H, Huang S, Cao T, Zhai X, Hu J, Wang T, Dong J, Liu Z, Chen J, Liu J, Zhang Z, Zhou Q. Combination of STING agonist and CXCR3 antagonist disrupts immune tolerance to overcome anti-PD-L1 resistance in lung adenocarcinoma under oxidative stress. Gene 2023; 851:146962. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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11
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Poomsawat S, Kariya A, Nimmanon T, Kosanwat T, Juengsomjit R, Sirima S. Diagnostic potential of Type VII Collagen during oral carcinogenesis. J Appl Oral Sci 2023; 31:e20220486. [PMID: 37194793 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2022-0486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Type VII collagen (Col7) is a major component of anchoring fibrils. Col7 plays a role in tumor development and aggressiveness of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. However, the role of Col7 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral leukoplakia (OL) remains largely unknown. To elucidate the role of Col7 and its diagnostic potential during oral carcinogenesis. Col7 expression was immunohistochemically studied in 254 samples, including normal oral mucosa (NM), OL without dysplasia, OL with dysplasia, and OSCC. The correlation between Col7 expression and clinicopathologic parameters of OSCC was also determined. Col7 was present as a linear deposit at the basement membrane of NM, OL without dysplasia and OL with dysplasia, and at the tumor-stromal junction around tumor islands in OSCC. Discontinuity of expression was frequently observed in OL with dysplasia and OSCC. OSCC had the significantly lowest Col7 expression (p<0.0001). Compared with OL without dysplasia, OL with dysplasia showed significantly reduced Col7 expression. Patients in clinical stage 4 with positive nodes had low Col7 expression compared with those in clinical stage 1 and negative nodes, respectively. Loss of Col7 is associated with tumorigenesis and aggressiveness in OSCC. A significantly reduced Col7 expression in OSCC implies that Col7 may be a useful marker for diagnosis and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sopee Poomsawat
- Mahidol University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Thirayost Nimmanon
- Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Theerachai Kosanwat
- Mahidol University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rachai Juengsomjit
- Mahidol University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sanguansin Sirima
- Mahidol University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biology, Bangkok, Thailand
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12
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Zhang C, Deng Y, Zhang Y, Ba T, Niu S, Chen Y, Gao Y, Dai H. CXCR3 Inhibition Blocks the NF-κB Signaling Pathway by Elevating Autophagy to Ameliorate Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Intestinal Dysfunction in Mice. Cells 2023; 12:cells12010182. [PMID: 36611975 PMCID: PMC9818741 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a cellular catabolic process in the evolutionarily conservative turnover of intracellular substances in eukaryotes, which is involved in both immune homeostasis and injury repairment. CXCR3 is an interferon-induced chemokine receptor that participates in immune regulation and inflammatory responses. However, CXCR3 regulating intestine injury via autophagy along with the precise underlying mechanism have yet to be elucidated. In the current study, we employed an LPS-induced inflammatory mouse model and confirmed that CXCR3 knockout significantly attenuates intestinal mucosal structural damage and increases tight junction protein expression. CXCR3 knockout alleviated the LPS-induced increase in the expression of inflammatory factors including TNF-α, IL-6, p-65, and JNK-1 and enhanced autophagy by elevating LC3II, ATG12, and PINK1/Parkin expression. Mechanistically, the function of CXCR3 regarding autophagy and immunity was investigated in IPEC-J2 cells. CXCR3 inhibition by AMG487 enhanced autophagy and reduced the inflammatory response, as well as blocked the NF-κB signaling pathway and elevated the expression of the tight junction protein marker Claudin-1. Correspondingly, these effects were abolished by autophagy inhibition with the selective blocker, 3-MA. Moreover, the immunofluorescence assay results further demonstrated that CXCR3 inhibition-mediated autophagy blocked p65 nuclear translocation, and the majority of Claudin-1 was located at the tight junctions. In conclusion, CXCR3 inhibition reversed LPS-induced intestinal barrier damage and alleviated the NF-κB signaling pathway via enhancing autophagy. These data provided a theoretical basis for elucidating the immunoregulatory mechanism by targeting CXCR3 to prevent intestinal dysfunction.
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13
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Wu T, Yang W, Sun A, Wei Z, Lin Q. The Role of CXC Chemokines in Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010167. [PMID: 36612163 PMCID: PMC9818145 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
CXC chemokines are small chemotactic and secreted cytokines. Studies have shown that CXC chemokines are dysregulated in multiple types of cancer and are closely correlated with tumor progression. The CXC chemokine family has a dual function in tumor development, either tumor-promoting or tumor-suppressive depending on the context of cellular signaling. Recent evidence highlights the pro-tumorigenic properties of CXC chemokines in most human cancers. CXC chemokines were found to play pivotal roles in promoting angiogenesis, stimulating inflammatory responses, and facilitating tumor metastases. Enhanced expression of CXC chemokines is always signatured with inferior survival and prognosis. The levels of CXC chemokines in cancer patients are in dynamic change according to the tumor contexts (e.g., chemotherapy resistance and tumor recurrence after surgery). Thus, CXC chemokines have great potential to be used as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Currently, the molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of CXC chemokines on tumor inflammation and metastasis remain unclear and application of antagonists and neutralizing antibodies of CXC chemokines signaling for cancer therapy is still not fully established. This article will review the roles of CXC chemokines in promoting tumorigenesis and progression and address the future research directions of CXC chemokines for cancer treatment.
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14
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EGFR-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Induced Activation of the Autocrine CXCL10/CXCR3 Pathway through Crosstalk between the Tumor and the Microenvironment in EGFR-Mutant Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010124. [PMID: 36612121 PMCID: PMC9817815 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
CXCL10 is a cytokine that is elevated during EGFR-TKI treatment in the tumor microenvironment of lung cancer. Here, we report an original study that the impact of the CXCL10/CXCR3 pathway on EGFR-TKI resistance in EGFR-mutant lung cancer through a cytokine array analysis during in vitro coculture with tumor cells and activated PBMCs treated with EGFR-TKI, as well as the serial analysis of CXCL10 in EGFR-mutant lung cancer transgenic mice during EGFR-TKI treatment. In EGFR-mutant tumor cells cocultured with activated PBMCs, EGFR-TKI treatment increased CXCL10 in the supernatant; this activated CXCR3 in the tumor cells to induce the phosphorylation of Src and the NF-κB subunit, p65, and the expression of HIF-1α. CXCL10 siRNA treatment of EGFR-mutant tumor cells also decreased CXCL10 in the supernatant from coculturing with activated PBMCs, suggesting that the effects of CXCL10 occur via autocrine and paracrine pathways. Importantly, elevated CXCL10/CXCR3 signaling was recapitulated in a transgenic lung cancer mouse model. Our results show that increased CXCL10 levels during early EGFR-TKI treatment stimulate oncogenic signaling of persistent tumor cells to contribute to EGFR-TKI resistance via autocrine and paracrine pathways.
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15
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Won Jun H, Kyung Lee H, Ho Na I, Jeong Lee S, Kim K, Park G, Sook Kim H, Ju Son D, Kim Y, Tae Hong J, Han SB. The role of CCL2, CCL7, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 in interaction of endothelial cells and natural killer cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 113:109332. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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16
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Wang X, Zhang Y, Wang S, Ni H, Zhao P, Chen G, Xu B, Yuan L. The role of CXCR3 and its ligands in cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1022688. [PMID: 36479091 PMCID: PMC9720144 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1022688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are a class of small cytokines or signaling proteins that are secreted by cells. Owing to their ability to induce directional chemotaxis of nearby responding cells, they are called chemotactic cytokines. Chemokines and chemokine receptors have now been shown to influence many cellular functions, including survival, adhesion, invasion, and proliferation, and regulate chemokine levels. Most malignant tumors express one or more chemokine receptors. The CXC subgroup of chemokine receptors, CXCR3, is mainly expressed on the surface of activated T cells, B cells, and natural killer cells, and plays an essential role in infection, autoimmune diseases, and tumor immunity by binding to specific receptors on target cell membranes to induce targeted migration and immune responses. It is vital to treat infections, autoimmune diseases, and tumors. CXCR3 and its ligands, CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11, are closely associated with the development and progression of many tumors. With the elucidation of its mechanism of action, CXCR3 is expected to become a new indicator for evaluating the prognosis of patients with tumors and a new target for clinical tumor immunotherapy. This article reviews the significance and mechanism of action of the chemokine receptor CXCR3 and its specific ligands in tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- Department of Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sen Wang
- Department of Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongyan Ni
- Department of Surgery, Henan No.3 Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guangyu Chen
- Department of Immunotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Benling Xu
- Department of Immunotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Long Yuan
- Department of Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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Lari S, Hiyari S, de Araújo Silva DN, de Brito Bezerra B, Ishii M, Monajemzadeh S, Cui ZK, Tetradis S, Lee M, Pirih FQ. Local delivery of a CXCR3 antagonist decreases the progression of bone resorption induced by LPS injection in a murine model. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:5163-5169. [PMID: 35462591 PMCID: PMC9710470 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04484-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This experimental study was carried out to investigate the effects of locally delivered nanoparticles (AMG-487 NP) containing a CXCR3 antagonist in inhibiting the progression of LPS-induced inflammation, osteoclastic activity, and bone resorption on a murine model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty, 7-week-old C57BL/6 J male mice were used. Inflammatory bone loss was induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis-lipopolysaccharide (P.g.-LPS) injections between the first and second maxillary molars, bilaterally, twice a week for 6 weeks (n = 20). AMG-487 NP were incorporated into a liposome carrier and locally delivered on sites where P.g.-LPS was injected. Control mice (n = 10) were injected with vehicle only. Experimental groups included (1) control, (2) LPS, and (3) LPS + NP. At the end of 1 and 6 weeks, mice were euthanized, maxillae harvested, fixed, and stored for further analysis. RESULTS Volumetric bone loss analysis revealed, at 1 week, an increase in bone loss in the LPS group (47.9%) compared to control (27.4%) and LPS + NP (27.8%) groups. H&E staining demonstrated reduced inflammatory infiltrate in the LPS + NP group compared to LPS group. At 6 weeks, volumetric bone loss increased in all groups; however, treatment with the CXCR3 antagonist (LPS + NP) significantly reduced bone loss compared to the LPS group. CXCR3 antagonist treatment significantly reduced osteoclast numbers when compared to LPS group at 1 and 6 weeks. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that local delivery of a CXCR antagonist, via nanoparticles, in a bone resorption model, induced by LPS injection, was effective in reducing inflammation, osteoclast numbers, and bone loss. CLINICAL RELEVANCE CXCR3 blockade can be regarded as a novel target for therapeutic intervention of bone loss. It can be a safe and convenient method for periodontitis treatment or prevention applicable in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soma Lari
- School of Dentistry, Section of Periodontics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sarah Hiyari
- School of Dentistry, Section of Periodontics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Davi Neto de Araújo Silva
- School of Dentistry, Section of Periodontics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Dentistry Department, Rio Grande do Norte Federal University, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Beatriz de Brito Bezerra
- School of Dentistry, Section of Periodontics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Makiko Ishii
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biology and Tissue Engineering, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Urayasu, Japan
| | - Sepehr Monajemzadeh
- School of Dentistry, Section of Periodontics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zhong-Kai Cui
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Sotirios Tetradis
- School of Dentistry, Section of Oral Radiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Min Lee
- School of Dentistry, Section of Biomaterials Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Flavia Q Pirih
- School of Dentistry, Section of Periodontics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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18
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Identification of cell types in multiplexed in situ images by combining protein expression and spatial information using CELESTA. Nat Methods 2022; 19:759-769. [PMID: 35654951 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-022-01498-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Advances in multiplexed in situ imaging are revealing important insights in spatial biology. However, cell type identification remains a major challenge in imaging analysis, with most existing methods involving substantial manual assessment and subjective decisions for thousands of cells. We developed an unsupervised machine learning algorithm, CELESTA, which identifies the cell type of each cell, individually, using the cell's marker expression profile and, when needed, its spatial information. We demonstrate the performance of CELESTA on multiplexed immunofluorescence images of colorectal cancer and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Using the cell types identified by CELESTA, we identify tissue architecture associated with lymph node metastasis in HNSCC, and validate our findings in an independent cohort. By coupling our spatial analysis with single-cell RNA-sequencing data on proximal sections of the same specimens, we identify cell-cell crosstalk associated with lymph node metastasis, demonstrating the power of CELESTA to facilitate identification of clinically relevant interactions.
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19
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Liu J, Yao L, Huang S, Wang B, Li L, Li L, Gu W, Xiao S, Liu G. AMG487 inhibits PRRSV replication and ameliorates lung injury in pig lung xenografts by down-regulating the expression of ANXA2. Antiviral Res 2022; 202:105314. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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20
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Mehraj U, Alshehri B, Khan AA, Bhat AA, Bagga P, Wani NA, Mir MA. Expression Pattern and Prognostic Significance of Chemokines in Breast cancer: An Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis. Clin Breast Cancer 2022; 22:567-578. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2022.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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21
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Cxcl10 chemokine induces migration of ING4-deficient breast cancer cells via a novel crosstalk mechanism between the Cxcr3 and Egfr receptors. Mol Cell Biol 2021; 42:e0038221. [PMID: 34871062 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00382-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemokine Cxcl10 has been associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer, but the mechanism is not well understood. Our previous study have shown that CXCL10 was repressed by the ING4 tumor suppressor, suggesting a potential inverse functional relationship. We thus investigated a role for Cxcl10 in the context of ING4 deficiencies in breast cancer. We first analyzed public gene expression datasets and found that patients with CXCL10-high/ING4-low expressing tumors had significantly reduced disease-free survival in breast cancer. In vitro, Cxcl10 induced migration of ING4-deleted breast cancer cells, but not of ING4-intact cells. Using inhibitors, we found that Cxcl10-induced migration of ING4-deleted cells required Cxcr3, Egfr, and the Gβγ subunits downstream of Cxcr3, but not Gαi. Immunofluorescent imaging showed that Cxcl10 induced early transient colocalization between Cxcr3 and Egfr in both ING4-intact and ING4-deleted cells, which recurred only in ING4-deleted cells. A peptide agent that binds to the internal juxtamembrane domain of Egfr inhibited Cxcr3/Egfr colocalization and cell migration. Taken together, these results presented a novel mechanism of Cxcl10 that elicits migration of ING4-deleted cells, in part by inducing a physical or proximal association between Cxcr3 and Egfr and signaling downstream via Gβγ. These results further indicated that ING4 plays a critical role in the regulation of Cxcl10 signaling that enables breast cancer progression.
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22
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Contribution of CXCR3-mediated signaling in the metastatic cascade of solid malignancies. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188628. [PMID: 34560199 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is a significant cause of the mortality resulting from solid malignancies. The process of metastasis is complex and is regulated by numerous cancer cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic factors. CXCR3 is a chemokine receptor that is frequently expressed by cancer cells, endothelial cells and immune cells. CXCR3A signaling in cancer cells tends to promote the invasive and migratory phenotype of cancer cells. Indirectly, CXCR3 modulates the anti-tumor immune response resulting in variable effects that can permit or inhibit metastatic progression. Finally, the activity of CXCR3B in endothelial cells is generally angiostatic, which limits the access of cancer cells to key conduits to secondary sites. However, the interaction of these activities within a tumor and the presence of opposing CXCR3 splice variants clouds the picture of the role of CXCR3 in metastasis. Consequently, thorough analysis of the contributions of CXCR3 to cancer metastasis is necessary. This review is an in-depth examination of the involvement of CXCR3 in the metastatic process of solid malignancies.
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23
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Kraus S, Kolman T, Yeung A, Deming D. Chemokine Receptor Antagonists: Role in Oncology. Curr Oncol Rep 2021; 23:131. [PMID: 34480662 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-021-01117-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To evaluate the clinical potential of chemokine receptor antagonists for the treatment of patients with cancer. RECENT FINDINGS Chemokine receptors and their ligands can have a significant impact on the infiltration of cells into the tumor microenvironment. The receptors are increasingly being investigated as targets for the treatment of cancers. Recent studies are demonstrating the promise of chemokine receptor antagonists in this setting. There are many chemokine receptors, and each can have different functions depending on the cellular context. Targeting chemokine receptors is a promising strategy in both pre-clinical research and clinical trials. Inhibiting chemokine receptors that either recruit suppressive cells or improve cancer mobility and viability while sparing those necessary for proper immune trafficking may prove to dramatically improve treatment responses. Further research in this area is warranted and has the potential to dramatically improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Kraus
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of WI-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Thomas Kolman
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of WI-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Austin Yeung
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of WI-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Dustin Deming
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of WI-Madison, Madison, WI, USA. .,University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, USA. .,McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of WI-Madison, Madison, WI, USA. .,6507 WI Institutes for Medical Research, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
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24
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De Zutter A, Van Damme J, Struyf S. The Role of Post-Translational Modifications of Chemokines by CD26 in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174247. [PMID: 34503058 PMCID: PMC8428238 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are a large family of small chemotactic cytokines that fulfill a central function in cancer. Both tumor-promoting and -impeding roles have been ascribed to chemokines, which they exert in a direct or indirect manner. An important post-translational modification that regulates chemokine activity is the NH2-terminal truncation by peptidases. CD26 is a dipeptidyl peptidase (DPPIV), which typically clips a NH2-terminal dipeptide from the chemokine. With a certain degree of selectivity in terms of chemokine substrate, CD26 only recognizes chemokines with a penultimate proline or alanine. Chemokines can be protected against CD26 recognition by specific amino acid residues within the chemokine structure, by oligomerization or by binding to cellular glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Upon truncation, the binding affinity for receptors and GAGs is altered, which influences chemokine function. The consequences of CD26-mediated clipping vary, as unchanged, enhanced, and reduced activities are reported. In tumors, CD26 most likely has the most profound effect on CXCL12 and the interferon (IFN)-inducible CXCR3 ligands, which are converted into receptor antagonists upon truncation. Depending on the tumor type, expression of CD26 is upregulated or downregulated and often results in the preferential generation of the chemokine isoform most favorable for tumor progression. Considering the tight relationship between chemokine sequence and chemokine binding specificity, molecules with the appropriate characteristics can be chemically engineered to provide innovative therapeutic strategies in a cancer setting.
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25
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Wang Z, Ao X, Shen Z, Ao L, Wu X, Pu C, Guo W, Xing W, He M, Yuan H, Yu J, Li L, Xu X. TNF-α augments CXCL10/CXCR3 axis activity to induce Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in colon cancer cell. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:2683-2702. [PMID: 34345201 PMCID: PMC8326125 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.61350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation-induced metastases have long been regarded as one of the significant obstacles in treating cancer. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), a main inflammation mediator within tumor microenvironment, affects tumor development by inducing multiple chemokines to establish a complex network. Recent reports have revealed that CXCL10/CXCR3 axis affects cancer cells invasiveness and metastases, and Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the main reason for frequent proliferation and distant organ metastases of colon cancer (CC) cells, However, it is unclear whether TNF-α- mediated chronic inflammation can synergically enhance EMT-mediated CC metastasis through promoting chemokine expression. According to this study, TNF-α activated the PI3K/Akt and p38 MAPK parallel signal transduction pathways, then stimulate downstream NF-κB pathway p65 into the nucleus to activate CXCL10 transcription. CXCL10 enhanced the metastases of CC-cells by triggering small GTPases such as RhoA and cdc42. Furthermore, overexpression of CXCL10 significantly enhanced tumorigenicity and mobility of CC cells in vivo. We further clarified that CXCL10 activated the PI3K/Akt pathway through CXCR3, resulting in suppression of GSK-3β phosphorylation and leading to upregulation of Snail expression, thereby regulating EMT in CC cells. These outcomes lay the foundation for finding new targets to inhibit CC metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengcheng Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Zhilin Shen
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Luoquan Ao
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Chengxiu Pu
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Wei Xing
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Min He
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Hongfeng Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Jianhua Yu
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
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26
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Kang SW, Rainczuk A, Oehler MK, Jobling TW, Plebanski M, Stephens AN. Active Ratio Test (ART) as a Novel Diagnostic for Ovarian Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11061048. [PMID: 34200333 PMCID: PMC8230042 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11061048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Despite substantial effort, there remains a lack of biomarker-based, clinically relevant testing for the accurate, non-invasive diagnostic or prognostic profiling of epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC). Our previous work demonstrated that whilst the inflammatory marker C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) has prognostic relevance in ovarian cancer, its use is complicated by the presence of multiple, N-terminally modified variants, mediated by several enzymes including Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 (DPP4). Methods: In this study, we provide the first evidence for the “Active Ratio Test” (ART) as a novel method to measure biologically relevant CXCL10 proteoforms in clinical samples. Results: In a cohort of 275 patients, ART accurately differentiated patients with malignant EOCs from those with benign gynaecological conditions (AUC 0.8617) and significantly out-performed CA125 alone. Moreover, ART combined with the measurement of CA125 and DPP4 significantly increased prognostic performance (AUC 0.9511; sensitivity 90.0%; specificity 91.7%; Cohen’s d > 1) for EOC detection. Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that ART provides a useful method to accurately discriminate between patients with benign versus malignant EOC, and highlights their relevance to ovarian cancer diagnosis. This marker combination may also be applicable in broader screening applications, to identify or discriminate benign from malignant disease in asymptomatic women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Woog Kang
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton 3168, Australia; (S.-W.K.); (A.R.)
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Australia
| | - Adam Rainczuk
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton 3168, Australia; (S.-W.K.); (A.R.)
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Australia
- Bruker Pty Ltd., Preston 3072, Australia
| | - Martin K. Oehler
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide 5000, Australia;
- Robinson Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Thomas W. Jobling
- Department of Gynaecology Oncology, Monash Medical Centre, Bentleigh East 3165, Australia;
| | - Magdalena Plebanski
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora 3083, Australia;
| | - Andrew N. Stephens
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton 3168, Australia; (S.-W.K.); (A.R.)
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Australia
- Correspondence:
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Kakarla M, ChallaSivaKanaka S, Hayward SW, Franco OE. Race as a Contributor to Stromal Modulation of Tumor Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112656. [PMID: 34071280 PMCID: PMC8197868 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stromal cells play crucial roles in tumor development and are increasingly attractive targets for therapy. There are considerable racial disparities in the incidence and progression of many tumors, reflecting both environmental exposure and genetic differences existing between races. Tumorigenesis and tumor progression are linked to both the propensity to suffer an initiating event and the host response to such an event once it occurs, contributing to incidence and outcomes. In this review, we focused on racial disparities in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of different cancers as potential modulators of growth, metastasis, and response to treatment. Several studies suggest that the TME in AA has a distinct tumor biology and may facilitate both early onset and aggressive tumor growth while inhibiting anti-tumorigenic properties. The TME of AA patients often exhibits an immunosuppressive microenvironment with a substantial enrichment of immune inflammatory pathways and genes. As a result, AA patients can potentially benefit more from treatment strategies that modulate the immune system. Focusing on TME components for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes to address racial disparities is a promising area of investigation. Future basic and clinical research studies on personalized cancer diagnosis and treatment should acknowledge the significance of TME in racial disparities.
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Clark AM, Heusey HL, Griffith LG, Lauffenburger DA, Wells A. IP-10 (CXCL10) Can Trigger Emergence of Dormant Breast Cancer Cells in a Metastatic Liver Microenvironment. Front Oncol 2021; 11:676135. [PMID: 34123844 PMCID: PMC8190328 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.676135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic breast cancer remains a largely incurable and fatal disease with liver involvement bearing the worst prognosis. The danger is compounded by a subset of disseminated tumor cells that may lie dormant for years to decades before re-emerging as clinically detectable metastases. Pathophysiological signals can drive these tumor cells to emerge. Prior studies indicated CXCR3 ligands as being the predominant signals synergistically and significantly unregulated during inflammation in the gut-liver axis. Of the CXCR3 ligands, IP-10 (CXCL10) was the most abundant, correlated significantly with shortened survival of human breast cancer patients with metastatic disease and was highest in those with triple negative (TNBC) disease. Using a complex ex vivo all-human liver microphysiological (MPS) model of dormant-emergent metastatic progression, CXCR3 ligands were found to be elevated in actively growing populations of metastatic TNBC breast cancer cells whereas they remained similar to the tumor-free hepatic niche in those with dormant breast cancer cells. Subsequent stimulation of dormant breast cancer cells in the ex vivo metastatic liver MPS model with IP-10 triggered their emergence in a dose-dependent manner. Emergence was indicated to occur indirectly possibly via activation of the resident liver cells in the surrounding metastatic microenvironment, as stimulation of breast cancer cells with exogenous IP-10 did not significantly change their migratory, invasive or proliferative behavior. The findings reveal that IP-10 is capable of triggering the emergence of dormant breast cancer cells within the liver metastatic niche and identifies the IP-10/CXCR3 as a candidate targetable pathway for rational approaches aimed at maintaining dormancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M. Clark
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Pittsburgh VA Medical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Haley L. Heusey
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Pittsburgh VA Medical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Linda G. Griffith
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Douglas. A. Lauffenburger
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Alan Wells
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Pittsburgh VA Medical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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Claudin-Low Breast Cancer Inflammatory Signatures Support Polarization of M1-Like Macrophages with Protumoral Activity. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092248. [PMID: 34067089 PMCID: PMC8125772 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that triple-negative breast cancer (BRCA) cells overexpress the cytokines GM-CSF, G-CSF, MCP-1, and RANTES, and when monocytes were 3-D co-cultured with them, M1-like macrophages were generated with the ability to induce aggressive features in luminal BRCA cell lines. These include upregulation of mesenchymal and stemness markers and invasion. In this study, we stimulated peripheral blood monocytes with the four cytokines and confirmed their capacity to generate protumoral M1-like macrophages. Using the METABRIC BRCA database, we observed that GM-CSF, MCP-1, and RANTES are associated with triple-negative BRCA and reduced overall survival, particularly in patients under 55 years of age. We propose an extended M1-like macrophage proinflammatory signature connected with these three cytokines. We found that the extended M1-like macrophage signature coexists with monocyte/macrophage, Th1 immune response, and immunosuppressive signatures, and all are enriched in claudin-low BRCA samples, and correlate with reduced patient overall survival. Furthermore, we observed that all these signatures are also present in mesenchymal carcinomas of the colon (COAD) and bladder (BLCA). The claudin-low tumor subtype has an adverse clinical outcome and remains poorly understood. This study places M1 macrophages as potential protumoral drivers in already established cancers, and as potential contributors to claudin-low aggressiveness and poor prognosis.
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Yan Y, Zheng L, Du Q, Yazdani H, Dong K, Guo Y, Geller DA. Interferon regulatory factor 1(IRF-1) activates anti-tumor immunity via CXCL10/CXCR3 axis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Cancer Lett 2021; 506:95-106. [PMID: 33689775 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) is a tumor suppressor gene in cancer biology with anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effect on cancer cells, however mechanisms of IRF-1 regulating tumor microenvironment (TME) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain only partially characterized. Here, we investigated that IRF-1 regulates C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10) and chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) to activate anti-tumor immunity in HCC. We found that IRF-1 mRNA expression was positively correlated with CXCL10 and CXCR3 through qRT-PCR assay in HCC tumors and in analysis of the TCGA database. IRF-1 response elements were identified in the CXCL10 promoter region, and ChIP-qPCR confirmed IRF-1 binding to promote CXCL10 transcription. IRF-2 is a competitive antagonist for IRF-1 mediated transcriptional effects, and overexpression of IRF-2 decreased basal and IFN-γ induced CXCL10 expression. Although IRF-1 upregulated CXCR3 expression in HCC cells, it inhibited proliferation and exerted pro-apoptotic effects, which overcome proliferation partly mediated by activating the CXCL10/CXCR3 autocrine axis. In vitro and in vivo studies showed that IRF-1 increased CD8+ T cells, NK and NKT cells migration, and activated IFN-γ secretion in NK and NKT cells to induce tumor apoptosis through the CXCL10/CXCR3 paracrine axis. Conversely, this effect was markedly abrogated in HCC tumor bearing mice deficient in CXCR3. Therefore, the IRF-1/CXCL10/CXCR3 axis contributes to the anti-tumor microenvironment in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihe Yan
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, China; Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
| | - Leting Zheng
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA; Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Qiang Du
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Hamza Yazdani
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Kun Dong
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Yarong Guo
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - David A Geller
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
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Yao X, Matosevic S. Chemokine networks modulating natural killer cell trafficking to solid tumors. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2021; 59:36-45. [PMID: 33495094 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cell-based cell therapy has been emerging as a powerful weapon in the treatment of multiple malignancies. However, the inadequate infiltration of the therapeutic NK cells into solid tumors remains a big challenge to their clinical utility. Chemokine networks, which play essential roles in the migration of lymphocytes, have been recognized as critical in driving the intratumoral infiltration of NK cells via interactions between soluble chemokines and their receptors. Often, such interactions are complex and disease-specific. In the context of NK cells, chemokine receptors of note have included CCR2, CCR5, CCR7, CXCR3, and CX3CR1. The immunobiology of chemokine-receptor interactions has fueled the development of approaches that hope to improve the infiltration of NK cells into the microenvironment of solid tumors. Stimulation of NK cells ex vivo in the presence of various cytokines (such as IL-2, IL-15, and IL-21) and genetic engineering of NK cells have been utilized to alter the chemokine receptor profile and generate NK cells with higher infiltrating capacity. Additionally, the immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment has also been targeted, by introducing, either directly or indirectly, chemokine ligands which NK cells are able to respond to, ultimately creating a more hospitable niche for NK cell trafficking. Such strategies have promoted the infiltration and activity of infused NK cells into multiple solid tumors. In this review, we discuss how chemokine receptors and their ligands coordinate and how they can be manipulated to regulate the trafficking, distribution, and residence of NK cells in solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yao
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Sandro Matosevic
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907 USA.
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Russo E, Santoni A, Bernardini G. Tumor inhibition or tumor promotion? The duplicity of CXCR3 in cancer. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 108:673-685. [PMID: 32745326 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5mr0320-205r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor tissue includes cancer cells and normal stromal cells such as vascular endothelial cells, connective tissue cells (cancer associated fibroblast, mesenchymal stem cell), and immune cells (tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes or TIL, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, tumor-associated macrophages or TAM, myeloid-derived suppressor cells or MDSC). Anti-tumor activity is mainly mediated by infiltration of NK cells, Th1 and CD8+ T cells, and correlates with expression of NK cell and T cell attracting chemokines. Nevertheless, cancer cells hijack tissue homeostasis through secretion of cytokines and chemokines that mediate not only the induction of an inflamed status that supports cancer cell survival and growth, but also the recruitment and/or activation of immune suppressive cells. CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 are known for their tumor-inhibiting properties, but their overexpression in several hematologic and solid tumors correlates with disease severity, suggesting a role in tumor promotion. The dichotomous nature of CXCR3 ligands activity mainly depends on several molecular mechanisms induced by cancer cells themselves able to divert immune responses and to alter the whole local environment. A deep understanding of the nature of such phenomenon may provide a rationale to build up a CXCR3/ligand axis targeting strategy. In this review, we will discuss the role of CXCR3 in cancer progression and in regulation of anti-tumor immune response and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Russo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Institute Pasteur-Italia, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Santoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Institute Pasteur-Italia, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS, Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bernardini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Institute Pasteur-Italia, Rome, Italy
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Charan M, Verma AK, Hussain S, Misri S, Mishra S, Majumder S, Ramaswamy B, Ahirwar D, Ganju RK. Molecular and Cellular Factors Associated with Racial Disparity in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165936. [PMID: 32824813 PMCID: PMC7460595 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that racial differences can influence breast cancer incidence and survival rate. African American (AA) women are at two to three fold higher risk for breast cancer than other ethnic groups. AA women with aggressive breast cancers show worse prognoses and higher mortality rates relative to Caucasian (CA) women. Over the last few years, effective treatment strategies have reduced mortality from breast cancer. Unfortunately, the breast cancer mortality rate among AA women remains higher compared to their CA counterparts. The focus of this review is to underscore the racial differences and differential regulation/expression of genetic signatures in CA and AA women with breast cancer. Moreover, immune cell infiltration significantly affects the clinical outcome of breast cancer. Here, we have reviewed recent findings on immune cell recruitment in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and documented its association with breast cancer racial disparity. In addition, we have extensively discussed the role of cytokines, chemokines, and other cell signaling molecules among AA and CA breast cancer patients. Furthermore, we have also reviewed the distinct genetic and epigenetic changes in AA and CA patients. Overall, this review article encompasses various molecular and cellular factors associated with breast cancer disparity that affects mortality and clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Charan
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.C.); (A.K.V.); (S.H.); (S.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Ajeet K. Verma
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.C.); (A.K.V.); (S.H.); (S.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Shahid Hussain
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.C.); (A.K.V.); (S.H.); (S.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Swati Misri
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.C.); (A.K.V.); (S.H.); (S.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Sanjay Mishra
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.C.); (A.K.V.); (S.H.); (S.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Sarmila Majumder
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.); (B.R.)
| | - Bhuvaneswari Ramaswamy
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.); (B.R.)
| | - Dinesh Ahirwar
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.C.); (A.K.V.); (S.H.); (S.M.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence: (D.A.); (R.K.G.)
| | - Ramesh K. Ganju
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.C.); (A.K.V.); (S.H.); (S.M.); (S.M.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.); (B.R.)
- Correspondence: (D.A.); (R.K.G.)
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Morein D, Erlichman N, Ben-Baruch A. Beyond Cell Motility: The Expanding Roles of Chemokines and Their Receptors in Malignancy. Front Immunol 2020; 11:952. [PMID: 32582148 PMCID: PMC7287041 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The anti-tumor activities of some members of the chemokine family are often overcome by the functions of many chemokines that are strongly and causatively linked with increased tumor progression. Being key leukocyte attractants, chemokines promote the presence of inflammatory pro-tumor myeloid cells and immune-suppressive cells in tumors and metastases. In parallel, chemokines elevate additional pro-cancerous processes that depend on cell motility: endothelial cell migration (angiogenesis), recruitment of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and site-specific metastasis. However, the array of chemokine activities in cancer expands beyond such “typical” migration-related processes and includes chemokine-induced/mediated atypical functions that do not activate directly motility processes; these non-conventional chemokine functions provide the tumor cells with new sets of detrimental tools. Within this scope, this review article addresses the roles of chemokines and their receptors at atypical levels that are exerted on the cancer cell themselves: promoting tumor cell proliferation and survival; controlling tumor cell senescence; enriching tumors with cancer stem cells; inducing metastasis-related functions such as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and elevated expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs); and promoting resistance to chemotherapy and to endocrine therapy. The review also describes atypical effects of chemokines at the tumor microenvironment: their ability to up-regulate/stabilize the expression of inhibitory immune checkpoints and to reduce the efficacy of their blockade; to induce bone remodeling and elevate osteoclastogenesis/bone resorption; and to mediate tumor-stromal interactions that promote cancer progression. To illustrate this expanding array of atypical chemokine activities at the cancer setting, the review focuses on major metastasis-promoting inflammatory chemokines—including CXCL8 (IL-8), CCL2 (MCP-1), and CCL5 (RANTES)—and their receptors. In addition, non-conventional activities of CXCL12 which is a key regulator of tumor progression, and its CXCR4 receptor are described, alongside with the other CXCL12-binding receptor CXCR7 (RDC1). CXCR7, a member of the subgroup of atypical chemokine receptors (ACKRs) known also as ACKR3, opens the gate for discussion of atypical activities of additional ACKRs in cancer: ACKR1 (DARC, Duffy), ACKR2 (D6), and ACKR4 (CCRL1). The mechanisms involved in chemokine activities and the signals delivered by their receptors are described, and the clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Morein
- School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nofar Erlichman
- School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Adit Ben-Baruch
- School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Chen Z, Yang X, Bi G, Liang J, Hu Z, Zhao M, Li M, Lu T, Zheng Y, Sui Q, Yang Y, Zhan C, Jiang W, Wang Q, Tan L. Ligand-receptor interaction atlas within and between tumor cells and T cells in lung adenocarcinoma. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:2205-2219. [PMID: 32549766 PMCID: PMC7294944 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.42080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although tumor cell-T cell interactions are known to play a fundamental role in promoting tumor progression, these interactions have not been explored in LUAD. Methods: The 10x genomics single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and gene expression data of LUAD patients were obtained from ArrayExpress, TCGA, and GEO databases. scRNA-seq data were analyzed and infiltrating tumor cells, epithelial cells, and T cells were identified in the tumor microenvironment. Differentially expressed ligand-receptor pairs were identified in tumor cells/normal epithelial cells and tumor T cells/non-tumor T cells based on corresponding scRNA-seq and gene expression data, respectively. These important interactions inside/across cancer cells and T cells in LUAD were systematically analyzed. Furthermore, a valid prognostic machine-learning model based on ligand-receptor interactions was built to predict the prognosis of LUAD patients. Flow cytometry and qRT-PCR were performed to validate the significantly differently expressed ligand-receptor pairs. Results: Overall, 39,692 cells in scRNA-seq data were included in our study after quality filtering. A total of 65 ligand-receptor pairs (17 upregulated and 48 downregulated), including LAMB1-ITGB1, CD70-CD27, and HLA-B-LILRB2, and 96 ligand-receptor pairs (41 upregulated and 55 downregulated), including CCL5-CCR5, SELPLG-ITGB2, and CXCL13-CXCR5, were identified in LUAD cancer cells and T cells, respectively. To explore the crosstalk between cancer cells and T cells, 114 ligand-receptor pairs, including 11 ligand-receptor pair genes that could significantly affect survival outcomes, were identified in our research. A machine-learning model was established to accurately predict the prognosis of LUAD patients and ITGB4, CXCR5, and MET were found to play an important role in prognosis in our model. Flow cytometry and qRT-PCR analyses indicated the reliability of our study. Conclusion: Our study revealed functionally significant interactions within and between cancer cells and T cells. We believe these observations will improve our understanding of potential mechanisms of tumor microenvironment contributions to cancer progression and help identify potential targets for immunotherapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhencong Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Guoshu Bi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiaqi Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhengyang Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Mengnan Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Tao Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yuansheng Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qihai Sui
- Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215001, China
| | - Cheng Zhan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lijie Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
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Nozaki E, Kobayashi T, Ohnishi H, Ohtsuka K, Masaki T, Watanabe T, Sugiyama M. C-X-C motif receptor 3A enhances proliferation and invasiveness of colorectal cancer cells, and is mediated by C-X-C motif ligand 10. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:2495-2501. [PMID: 32194750 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemokine CXCL10 and its receptor CXCR3 have been demonstrated to be implicated in cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. CXCR3 has three splice variants: CXCR3A, CXCR3B and CXCR3-alt. CXCR3A and B serve multiple roles in the growth and invasiveness of a number of cancer types. However, the roles of CXCR3 isoforms in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells remain unclear. In the current study, the effects of CXCL10 and CXCR3 isoforms on proliferation and invasion of CRC cells was examined. Proliferation and invasiveness of the CRC cell line HCT116, which were transfected with CXCR3A or CXCR3B in the presence of CXCL10, were evaluated in vitro using MTT, scratch wound healing and transwell assays. MTT assay indicated that regardless of the presence or absence of CXCL10, the proliferative ability of CXCR3A-transfected HCT116 cells was enhanced compared with blank and mock cells. Scratch wound healing and transwell assays indicated that invasiveness of CXCR3A-transfected cells was greater compared with blank and mock cells. However, HCT116 cells transfected with CXCR3B did not exhibit changes in their proliferative or invasive ability. mRNA expression of MMP9, which is associated with signaling downstream of the CXCL10/CXCR3A pathway, was increased 4-fold in CXCR3A-transfected HCT116 cells compared with control cells. The results of the present study indicated that CXCL10-enhanced proliferation and invasiveness of the CRC cell line HCT116 was likely mediated by CXCR3A, but not by CXCR3B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Nozaki
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Takaaki Kobayashi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ohnishi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Kouki Ohtsuka
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Tadahiko Masaki
- Department of Surgery, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Takashi Watanabe
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | - Masanori Sugiyama
- Department of Surgery, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
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37
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Pein M, Insua-Rodríguez J, Hongu T, Riedel A, Meier J, Wiedmann L, Decker K, Essers MAG, Sinn HP, Spaich S, Sütterlin M, Schneeweiss A, Trumpp A, Oskarsson T. Metastasis-initiating cells induce and exploit a fibroblast niche to fuel malignant colonization of the lungs. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1494. [PMID: 32198421 PMCID: PMC7083860 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15188-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic colonization relies on interactions between disseminated cancer cells and the microenvironment in secondary organs. Here, we show that disseminated breast cancer cells evoke phenotypic changes in lung fibroblasts, forming a supportive metastatic niche. Colonization of the lungs confers an inflammatory phenotype in metastasis-associated fibroblasts. Specifically, IL-1α and IL-1β secreted by breast cancer cells induce CXCL9 and CXCL10 production in lung fibroblasts via NF-κB signaling, fueling the growth of lung metastases. Notably, we find that the chemokine receptor CXCR3, that binds CXCL9/10, is specifically expressed in a small subset of breast cancer cells, which exhibits tumor-initiating ability when co-transplanted with fibroblasts and has high JNK signaling that drives IL-1α/β expression. Importantly, disruption of the intercellular JNK-IL-1-CXCL9/10-CXCR3 axis reduces metastatic colonization in xenograft and syngeneic mouse models. These data mechanistically demonstrate an essential role for the molecular crosstalk between breast cancer cells and their fibroblast niche in the progression of metastasis. How cancer cells engage the microenvironment to establish metastasis is poorly understood. Here, the authors show that CXCR3-expressing breast cancer cells secrete IL-1 to induce a paracrine crosstalk with fibroblasts in the lung, which involves CXCL9/10 production and results in colonization of the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Pein
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jacob Insua-Rodríguez
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tsunaki Hongu
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Angela Riedel
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jasmin Meier
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lena Wiedmann
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kristin Decker
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marieke A G Essers
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Inflammatory Stress in Stem Cells, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Sinn
- Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Saskia Spaich
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marc Sütterlin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Andreas Schneeweiss
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, German Cancer Research Center, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Trumpp
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thordur Oskarsson
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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38
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Thompson AL, Grenald SA, Ciccone HA, BassiriRad N, Niphakis MJ, Cravatt BF, Largent-Milnes TM, Vanderah TW. The Endocannabinoid System Alleviates Pain in a Murine Model of Cancer-Induced Bone Pain. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 373:230-238. [PMID: 32054717 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.262337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic breast cancer is prevalent worldwide, and one of the most common sites of metastasis is long bones. Of patients with disease, the major symptom is pain, yet current medications fail to adequately result in analgesic efficacy and present major undesirable adverse effects. In our study, we investigate the potential of a novel monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) inhibitor, MJN110, in a murine model of cancer-induced bone pain. Literature has previously demonstrated that MAGL inhibitors function to increase the endogenous concentrations of 2-arachydonylglycerol, which then activates CB1 and CB2 receptors to inhibit inflammation and pain. We demonstrate that administration of MJN110 significantly and dose dependently alleviates spontaneous pain behavior during acute administration compared with vehicle control. In addition, MJN110 maintains its efficacy in a chronic-dosing paradigm over the course of 7 days without signs of receptor sensitization. In vitro analysis of MJN110 demonstrated a dose-dependent and significant decrease in cell viability and proliferation of 66.1 breast adenocarcinoma cells to a greater extent than KML29, an alternate MAGL inhibitor, or the CB2 agonist JWH015. Chronic administration of the compound did not appear to affect tumor burden, as evidenced by radiograph or histologic analysis. Together, these data support the application for MJN110 as a novel therapeutic for cancer-induced bone pain. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Current standard of care for metastatic breast cancer pain is opioid-based therapies with adjunctive chemotherapy, which have highly addictive and other deleterious side effects. The need for effective, non-opioid-based therapies is essential, and harnessing the endogenous cannabinoid system is proving to be a new target to treat various types of pain conditions. We present a novel drug targeting the endogenous cannabinoid system that is effective at reducing pain in a mouse model of metastatic breast cancer to bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Thompson
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona (A.L.T., S.A.G., H.A.C., N.B., T.M.L.-M., T.W.V); Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (S.A.G.); and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California (M.J.N., B.F.C.)
| | - S A Grenald
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona (A.L.T., S.A.G., H.A.C., N.B., T.M.L.-M., T.W.V); Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (S.A.G.); and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California (M.J.N., B.F.C.)
| | - H A Ciccone
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona (A.L.T., S.A.G., H.A.C., N.B., T.M.L.-M., T.W.V); Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (S.A.G.); and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California (M.J.N., B.F.C.)
| | - N BassiriRad
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona (A.L.T., S.A.G., H.A.C., N.B., T.M.L.-M., T.W.V); Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (S.A.G.); and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California (M.J.N., B.F.C.)
| | - M J Niphakis
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona (A.L.T., S.A.G., H.A.C., N.B., T.M.L.-M., T.W.V); Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (S.A.G.); and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California (M.J.N., B.F.C.)
| | - B F Cravatt
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona (A.L.T., S.A.G., H.A.C., N.B., T.M.L.-M., T.W.V); Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (S.A.G.); and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California (M.J.N., B.F.C.)
| | - T M Largent-Milnes
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona (A.L.T., S.A.G., H.A.C., N.B., T.M.L.-M., T.W.V); Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (S.A.G.); and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California (M.J.N., B.F.C.)
| | - T W Vanderah
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona (A.L.T., S.A.G., H.A.C., N.B., T.M.L.-M., T.W.V); Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (S.A.G.); and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California (M.J.N., B.F.C.)
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Bronger H, Magdolen V, Goettig P, Dreyer T. Proteolytic chemokine cleavage as a regulator of lymphocytic infiltration in solid tumors. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2020; 38:417-430. [PMID: 31482487 PMCID: PMC6890590 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-019-09807-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In the past decade, immune-based therapies such as monoclonal antibodies against tumor epitopes or immune checkpoint inhibitors have become an integral part of contemporary cancer treatment in many entities. However, a fundamental prerequisite for the success of such therapies is a sufficient trafficking of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes into the tumor microenvironment. This infiltration is facilitated by chemokines, a group of about 50 small proteins capable of chemotactically guiding leukocytes. Proteolytic inactivation of chemokines leading to an impaired infiltration of immune effector cells appears to be an efficient immune escape mechanism of solid cancers. The CXCR3 and CX3CR1 chemokine receptor ligands CXCL9-11 and CX3CL1, respectively, are mainly responsible for the tumor-suppressive lymphocytic infiltration into the tumor micromilieu. Their structure explains the biochemical basis of their proteolytic cleavage, while in vivo data from mouse models and patient samples shed light on the corresponding processes in cancer. The emerging roles of proteases, e.g., matrix metalloproteinases, cathepsins, and dipeptidyl peptidase 4, in chemokine inactivation define new resistance mechanisms against immunotherapies and identify attractive new targets to enhance immune intervention in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Bronger
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, D-81675, Munich, Germany.
| | - Viktor Magdolen
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, D-81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Goettig
- Division of Structural Biology, Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Tobias Dreyer
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, D-81675, Munich, Germany
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40
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Bikfalvi A, Billottet C. The CC and CXC chemokines: major regulators of tumor progression and the tumor microenvironment. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 318:C542-C554. [PMID: 31913695 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00378.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines are a family of soluble cytokines that act as chemoattractants to guide the migration of cells, in particular of immune cells. However, chemokines are also involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Chemokines are associated with a variety of human diseases including chronic inflammation, immune dysfunction, cancer, and metastasis. This review discusses the expression of CC and CXC chemokines in the tumor microenvironment and their supportive and inhibitory roles in tumor progression, angiogenesis, metastasis, and tumor immunity. We also specially focus on the diverse roles of CXC chemokines (CXCL9-11, CXCL4 and its variant CXCL4L1) and their two chemokine receptor CXCR3 isoforms, CXCR3-A and CXCR3-B. These two distinct isoforms have divergent roles in tumors, either promoting (CXCR3-A) or inhibiting (CXCR3-B) tumor progression. Their effects are mediated not only directly in tumor cells but also indirectly via the regulation of angiogenesis and tumor immunity. A full comprehension of their mechanisms of action is critical to further validate these chemokines and their receptors as biomarkers or therapeutic targets in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Bikfalvi
- INSERM U1029, Pessac, France.,University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
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41
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Schott C, Shah AT, Sweet-Cordero EA. Genomic Complexity of Osteosarcoma and Its Implication for Preclinical and Clinical Targeted Therapies. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1258:1-19. [PMID: 32767231 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-43085-6_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a genomically complex disease characterized by few recurrent single-nucleotide mutations or in-frame fusions. In contrast, structural alterations, including copy number changes, chromothripsis, kataegis, loss of heterozygosity (LOH), and other large-scale genomic alterations, are frequent and widespread across the osteosarcoma genome. These observed structural alterations lead to activation of oncogenes and loss of tumor suppressors which together contribute to oncogenesis. To date, few targeted therapies for osteosarcoma have been identified. It is likely that effectiveness of targeted therapies will vary greatly in subsets of tumors with distinct key driver events. Model systems which can recapitulate the genetic heterogeneity of this disease are needed to test this hypothesis. One possible approach is to use patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models characterized with regards to their similarity to the human tumor samples from which they were derived. Here we review evidence pointing to the genomic complexity of osteosarcoma and how this is reflected in available model systems. We also review the current state of preclinical testing for targeted therapies using these models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Schott
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Avanthi Tayi Shah
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - E Alejandro Sweet-Cordero
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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42
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Ma B, Khazali A, Shao H, Jiang Y, Wells A. Expression of E-cadherin and specific CXCR3 isoforms impact each other in prostate cancer. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:164. [PMID: 31831069 PMCID: PMC6909607 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0489-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Carcinoma cells shift between epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes during cancer progression, as defined by surface presentation of the cell-cell cohesion molecule E-cadherin, affecting dissemination, progression and therapy responsiveness. Concomitant with the loss of E-cadherin during the mesenchymal transition, the predominant receptor isoform for ELR-negative CXC ligands shifts from CXCR3-B to CXCR3-A which turns this classical G-protein coupled receptor from an inhibitor to an activator of cell migration, thus promoting tumor cell invasiveness. We proposed that CXCR3 was not just a coordinately changed receptor but actually a regulator of the cell phenotype. Methods Immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, quantitative real-time PCR and flow cytometry assays investigated the expression of E-cadherin and CXCR3 isoforms. Intrasplenic inoculation of human prostate cancer (PCa) cells with spontaneous metastasis to the liver analyzed E-cadherin and CXCR3-B expression during cancer progression in vivo. Results We found reciprocal regulation of E-cadherin and CXCR3 isoforms. E-cadherin surface expression promoted CXCR3-B presentation on the cell membrane, and to a lesser extent increased its mRNA and total protein levels. In turn, forced expression of CXCR3-A reduced E-cadherin expression level, whereas CXCR3-B increased E-cadherin in PCa. Meanwhile, a positive correlation of E-cadherin and CXCR3-B expression was found both in experimental PCa liver micro-metastases and patients’ tissue. Conclusions CXCR3-B and E-cadherin positively correlated in vitro and in vivo in PCa cells and liver metastases, whereas CXCR3-A negatively regulated E-cadherin expression. These results suggest that CXCR3 isoforms may play important roles in cancer progression and dissemination via diametrically regulating tumor’s phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ma
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, S713 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA. .,Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 Huaihai Xi Road, Quanshan, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, People's Republic of China. .,Pittsburgh VA Medical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, USA.
| | - Ahmad Khazali
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, S713 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hanshuang Shao
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, S713 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Yuhan Jiang
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, S713 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.,School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Alan Wells
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, S713 Scaife Hall, 3550 Terrace St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA. .,Pittsburgh VA Medical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, USA. .,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Kundu N, Ma X, Brox R, Fan X, Kochel T, Reader J, Tschammer N, Fulton A. The Chemokine Receptor CXCR3 Isoform B Drives Breast Cancer Stem Cells. BREAST CANCER-BASIC AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2019; 13:1178223419873628. [PMID: 31619923 PMCID: PMC6777055 DOI: 10.1177/1178223419873628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
We are seeking to identify molecular targets that are relevant to breast cancer
cells with stem-like properties. There is growing evidence that cancer stem
cells (CSCs) are supported by inflammatory mediators expressed in the tumor
microenvironment. The chemokine receptor CXCR3 binds the interferon-γ-inducible,
ELR-negative CXC chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 and malignant cells have
co-opted this receptor to promote tumor cell migration and invasion. There are 2
major isoforms of CXCR3: CXCR3A and CXCR3B. The latter is generated from
alternative splicing and results in a protein with a longer N-terminal domain.
CXCR3 isoform A is generally considered to play a major role in tumor
metastasis. When the entire tumor cell population is examined, CXCR3 isoform B
is usually detected at much lower levels than CXCR3A and for this, and other
reasons, was not considered to drive tumor progression. We have shown that
CXCR3B is significantly upregulated in the subpopulation of breast CSCs in
comparison with the bulk tumor cell population in 3 independent breast cancer
cell lines (MDA-MB-231, SUM159, and T47D). Modulation of CXCR3B levels by knock
in strategies increases CSC populations identified by aldehyde dehydrogenase
activity or CD44+CD24− phenotype as well as
tumorsphere-forming capacity. The reverse is seen when CXCR3B is gene-silenced.
CXCL11 and CXCL10 directly induce CSC. We also report that novel CXCR3
allosteric modulators BD064 and BD103 prevent the induction of CSCs. BD103
inhibited experimental metastasis. This protective effect is associated with the
reversal of CXCR3 ligand-mediated activation of STAT3, ERK1/2, CREB, and NOTCH1
pathways. We propose that CXCR3B, expressed on CSC, should be explored further
as a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namita Kundu
- University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xinrong Ma
- University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Regine Brox
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nurnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Xiaoxuan Fan
- University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tyler Kochel
- University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jocelyn Reader
- University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nuska Tschammer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nurnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Amy Fulton
- University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Merle M, Fischbacher D, Liepert A, Grabrucker C, Kroell T, Kremser A, Dreyssig J, Freudenreich M, Schuster F, Borkhardt A, Kraemer D, Koehne CH, Kolb HJ, Schmid C, Schmetzer HM. Serum Chemokine-release Profiles in AML-patients Might Contribute to Predict the Clinical Course of the Disease. Immunol Invest 2019; 49:365-385. [PMID: 31535582 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2019.1661429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In cancer or hematologic disorders, chemokines act as growth- or survival factors, regulating hematopoiesis and angiogenesis, determining metastatic spread and controlling leukocyte infiltration into tumors to inhibit antitumor immune responses. The aim was to quantify the release of CXCL8, -9, -10, CCL2, -5, and IL-12 in AML/MDS-pts' serum by cytometric bead array and to correlate data with clinical subtypes and courses. Minimal differences in serum-levels subdivided into various groups (e.g. age groups, FAB-types, blast-proportions, cytogenetic-risk-groups) were seen, but higher release of CXCL8, -9, -10 and lower release of CCL2 and -5 tendentially correlated with more favorable subtypes (<50 years of age, <80% blasts in PB). Comparing different stages of the disease higher CCL5-release in persisting disease and a significantly higher CCL2-release at relapse were found compared to first diagnosis - pointing to a change of 'disease activity' on a chemokine level. Correlations with later on achieved response to immunotherapy and occurrence of GVHD were seen: Higher values of CXCL8, -9, -10 and CCL2 and lower CCL5-values correlated with achieved response to immunotherapy. Predictive cut-off-values were evaluated separating the groups in 'responders' and 'non-responders'. Higher levels of CCL2 and -5 but lower levels of CXCL8, -9, -10 correlated with occurrence of GVHD. We conclude, that in AML-pts' serum higher values of CXCL8, -9, -10 and lower values of CCL5 and in part of CCL2 correlate with more favorable subtypes and improved antitumor'-reactive function. This knowledge can contribute to develop immune-modifying strategies that promote antileukemic adaptive immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Merle
- Department for Hematopoietic Transplantations, Med III, University Hospital of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - D Fischbacher
- Department for Hematopoietic Transplantations, Med III, University Hospital of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - A Liepert
- Department for Hematopoietic Transplantations, Med III, University Hospital of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - C Grabrucker
- Department for Hematopoietic Transplantations, Med III, University Hospital of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - T Kroell
- Department for Hematopoietic Transplantations, Med III, University Hospital of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - A Kremser
- Department for Hematopoietic Transplantations, Med III, University Hospital of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - J Dreyssig
- Department for Hematopoietic Transplantations, Med III, University Hospital of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M Freudenreich
- Department for Hematopoietic Transplantations, Med III, University Hospital of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - F Schuster
- Department for Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - A Borkhardt
- Department for Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - D Kraemer
- Department for Hematology, Municipal Hospital Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - C-H Koehne
- Department for Hematology, Municipal Hospital Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - H J Kolb
- Department for Hematopoietic Transplantations, Med III, University Hospital of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Helmholtz Center, Clinical Cooperative Group Human Cell Transplantation (CCG-HCT), Munich, Germany
| | - C Schmid
- Department for Hematology, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - H M Schmetzer
- Department for Hematopoietic Transplantations, Med III, University Hospital of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Helmholtz Center, Clinical Cooperative Group Human Cell Transplantation (CCG-HCT), Munich, Germany
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Bakheet SA, Ansari MA, Nadeem A, Attia SM, Alhoshani AR, Gul G, Al-Qahtani QH, Albekairi NA, Ibrahim KE, Ahmad SF. CXCR3 antagonist AMG487 suppresses rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis and progression by shifting the Th17/Treg cell balance. Cell Signal 2019; 64:109395. [PMID: 31449849 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that is characterized by uncontrolled joint inflammation and damage to bone and cartilage. Previous studies have shown that chemokine receptors have important roles in RA development, and that blocking these receptors effectively inhibits RA progression. Our study was undertaken to investigate the role of AMG487, a selective CXCR3 antagonist, in DBA/1J mice bearing collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Following induction of CIA, animals were treated with 5 mg/kg AMG487 intraperitoneally every 48 h, starting from day 21 until day 41 and evaluated for clinical score, and histological hallmarks of arthritic inflammation. We further investigated the effect of AMG487 on Th1 (T-bet), Th17 (IL-17A, RORγt, STAT3), Th22 (IL-22), and T regulatory (Treg; Foxp3 and IL-10) cells in splenic CXCR3+ and CD4+ T cells using flow cytometry. We also assessed the effect of AMG487 on T-bet, RORγt, IL-17A, IL-22, Foxp3, and IL-10 at both mRNA and protein levels using RT-PCR and Western blot analyses of knee samples. The severity of clinical scores, and histological inflammatory damage decreased significantly in AMG487-treated compared with CIA control mice. Moreover, the percentage of Th1, Th17, and Th22 cells decreased significantly and that of Treg cells increased in AMG487-treated mice. We further observed that AMG487-treatment downregulated T-bet, IL-17A, RORγt, and IL-22, whereas it upregulated Foxp3 and IL-10 mRNA and protein levels. This study demonstrates the antiarthritic effects of AMG487 in CIA animal model and supports the development of CXCR3 antagonists as a novel strategy for the treatment of inflammatory and arthritic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh A Bakheet
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mushtaq A Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabry M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ali R Alhoshani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gazala Gul
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Yenepoya University, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Q H Al-Qahtani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah A Albekairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid E Ibrahim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheikh F Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Puchert M, Obst J, Koch C, Zieger K, Engele J. CXCL11 promotes tumor progression by the biased use of the chemokine receptors CXCR3 and CXCR7. Cytokine 2019; 125:154809. [PMID: 31437604 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The chemokine, CXCL11, is highly expressed in different solid tumors and controls tumor growth, metastasis, and lymphocyte infiltration. Although of potential clinical interest, it is presently unknown whether these tumor-promoting activities involve the CXCL11 receptors, CXCR3 and/or CXCR7. This issue is further intrigued by the fact that CXCR3 exists in the two functionally divergent splice variants, CXCR3A and CXCR3B, which exert pro- and anti-tumorigenic influences, respectively. To unravel the role of the various CXCL11 receptors in tumor progression, we have now defined their role in CXCL11-induced chemotaxis of the tumor cell lines, A549, C33-A, DLD-1, MDA-MB-231, and PC-3. CXCL11-induced cell migration was either sensitive to the CXCR3 antagonist, ÀMG487 (DLD-1), the CXCR7 antagonist, CCX771 (C33-A, PC-3), or both (A549, MDA-231). Moreover, in C33-A and PC-3 cells, but not in the other tumor cells, pharmacological activation and inhibition of CXCR3B prevented and potentiated CXCL11-induced cell migration, respectively. Both immunocytochemistry and Western blot analysis finally revealed that the observed cell type specific organization of the CXCL11 system is not the result of differences in expression levels or subcellular location of CXCL11 receptors. Our findings imply that the therapeutic use of CXCR3 antagonists in cancer patients requires exact knowledge of the organization of the CXCR3 system in the respective tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte Puchert
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 13, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jessica Obst
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 13, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Koch
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 13, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Konstanze Zieger
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 13, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jürgen Engele
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 13, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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Moreno Ayala MA, Li Z, DuPage M. Treg programming and therapeutic reprogramming in cancer. Immunology 2019; 157:198-209. [PMID: 30866047 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Overcoming the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment is the major challenge impeding cancer immunotherapy today. Regulatory T-cells (Tregs) are prevalent in nearly all cancers and, as immunosuppressive regulators of immune responses, they are the principal opponents of cancer immunotherapy. However, disabling Tregs systemically causes severe autoimmune toxicity, hastening the need for more selective methods to target intratumoural Tregs. In this review, we discuss a burgeoning new modality to specifically target tumour-infiltrating Tregs (TI-Tregs) by reprogramming their functionality from immunosuppressive to immune stimulatory within tumours. As the basis for therapeutic selectivity of TI-Tregs, we will focus on the defining features of Tregs within cancer: their highly activated state controlled by the engagement of key surface receptors, their distinct metabolic programme, and their unique transcriptional programme. By identifying proteins and pathways that distinguish TI-Tregs from other Tregs in the body, as well as from the beneficial antitumour effector T-cells within tumours, we highlight mechanisms to selectively reprogramme TI-Tregs for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariela A Moreno Ayala
- Division of Immunology and Pathogenesis, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Zehui Li
- Division of Immunology and Pathogenesis, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Michel DuPage
- Division of Immunology and Pathogenesis, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
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Blocking CXCR3 with AMG487 ameliorates the blood-retinal barrier disruption in diabetic mice through anti-oxidative. Life Sci 2019; 228:198-207. [PMID: 31039363 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and blood-retinal barrier (BRB) damage induced by hyperglycemia are the principal processes involved in the early stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR). CXC chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3)-mediated inflammatory infiltration exists in many disease models. The main objective of the present study was to determine whether AMG487, a CXCR3 antagonist, can ameliorate BRB disruption and reactive oxygen species generation in the DR model. The retinal endothelial cell and ganglion cell ultrastructures were observed using a transmission electron microscope. The pericyte marker PDGFR-β, tight junction occludin, and leaking albumin were evaluated. The oxidative stress level, CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), and p-p38 expression were also investigated in vivo and in vitro. The results indicated that AMG487 application might alleviate PDGFR-β and occludin loss, and decreased the residual content of retinal albumin in the streptozocin-induced DR mouse model via the inhibition of oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress, in which p38 activation was also involved. Thus, CXCR3 inhibition might be a target to prevent the early stage of DR injury.
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Howard CM, Bearss N, Subramaniyan B, Tilley A, Sridharan S, Villa N, Fraser CS, Raman D. The CXCR4-LASP1-eIF4F Axis Promotes Translation of Oncogenic Proteins in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2019; 9:284. [PMID: 31106142 PMCID: PMC6499106 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains clinically challenging as effective targeted therapies are lacking. In addition, patient mortality mainly results from the metastasized lesions. CXCR4 has been identified to be one of the major chemokine receptors involved in breast cancer metastasis. Previously, our lab had identified LIM and SH3 Protein 1 (LASP1) to be a key mediator in CXCR4-driven invasion. To further investigate the role of LASP1 in this process, a proteomic screen was employed and identified a novel protein-protein interaction between LASP1 and components of eukaryotic initiation 4F complex (eIF4F). We hypothesized that activation of the CXCR4-LASP1-eIF4F axis may contribute to the preferential translation of oncogenic mRNAs leading to breast cancer progression and metastasis. To test this hypothesis, we first confirmed that the gene expression of CXCR4, LASP1, and eIF4A are upregulated in invasive breast cancer. Moreover, we demonstrate that LASP1 associated with eIF4A in a CXCL12-dependent manner via a proximity ligation assay. We then confirmed this finding, and the association of LASP1 with eIF4B via co-immunoprecipitation assays. Furthermore, we show that LASP1 can interact with eIF4A and eIF4B through a GST-pulldown approach. Activation of CXCR4 signaling increased the translation of oncoproteins downstream of eIF4A. Interestingly, genetic silencing of LASP1 interrupted the ability of eIF4A to translate oncogenic mRNAs into oncoproteins. This impaired ability of eIF4A was confirmed by a previously established 5′UTR luciferase reporter assay. Finally, lack of LASP1 sensitizes 231S cells to pharmacological inhibition of eIF4A by Rocaglamide A as evident through BIRC5 expression. Overall, our work identified the CXCR4-LASP1 axis to be a novel mediator in oncogenic protein translation. Thus, our axis of study represents a potential target for future TNBC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory M Howard
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Nicole Bearss
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Boopathi Subramaniyan
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Augustus Tilley
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Sangita Sridharan
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Nancy Villa
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Christopher S Fraser
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Dayanidhi Raman
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH, United States
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Li X, Zhong Q, Luo D, Du Q, Liu W. The prognostic value of CXC subfamily ligands in stage I-III patients with colorectal cancer. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214611. [PMID: 30973890 PMCID: PMC6459597 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the value of CXC subfamily ligands in stage I-III patients with colorectal cancer, in order to find a new predictor for CRC patients. METHODS We used Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to collect the gene expression of CXC subfamily ligands and corresponding clinical data. The survival analysis was performed by "survival" package of Rsoftware. The CRC patients' DFS and the relationship between the expression levels of CXC subfamily ligands were evaluated by the univariate Cox regression analysis. RESULTS By using microarray data, there were 14 CXC subfamily ligands identified from dataset GSE39582. Seven CXC subfamily ligands were significantly correlated with DFS in CRC patients. (p<0.05),including CXCL1, CXCL3, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, CXCL13, and CXCL14. From multivariate Cox regression analyze, four CXC subfamily ligands (CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and CXCL13) were significantly associated with CRC patients' DFS (all p<0.05). Three CXC subfamily ligands (CXCL10, CXCL11, and CXCL13) were significantly associated with CRC patients' Overall survival (OS) (all p<0.05). Both CXCL11 and CXCL13 had the similar prediction values for DFS and OS. CONCLUSION There were seven CXC subfamily ligands were significantly correlated with DFS in CRC patients. Different expression level of four CXC subfamily ligands (CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and CXCL13) and Three CXC subfamily ligands (CXCL10, CXCL11, and CXCL13) were related to CRC patients' DFS and OS. There are still needs more experiments to confirm our conclusions. Next step we will make animal experiment about the genes in order to verified the predictive value of the CXC subfamily ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangde Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qiulu Zhong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Danjing Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qinghua Du
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wenqi Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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