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Picanço A, Arroz AM, Tsafack N, Sánchez AF, Pereira E, De Benedictis M, Amorim IR, da Luz Melo M, Gabriel R. Assessing nature exposure: a study on the reliability and validity of a Portuguese version of the nature exposure scale. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1290066. [PMID: 38500647 PMCID: PMC10944915 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1290066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Engaging with nature has been widely acknowledged for its positive impact on well-being. Traditionally, assessments of nature exposure focus on estimating green space exposure and outdoor time. However, the Nature Exposure Scale (NES) offers a unique approach by evaluating the quality of nature experiences, encompassing both deliberate and spontaneous encounters. Methods This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the NES in the context of Portugal. Exploratory Factor Analysis (PCA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were employed to examine the underlying structure of the scale. Additionally, reliability assessments, along with tests of convergent and divergent validity, were conducted. Data were collected from a sample of 558 adults and 241 adolescents between 2016 and 2018. Results The findings revealed strong internal consistency of the NES, supported by acceptable correlation values and robust factor loadings within a unidimensional model. The scale effectively predicted variations in nature exposure across diverse professional activities. Discussion In summary, the 4-item NES emerged as a reliable tool for assessing nature exposure in various settings, effectively bridging a gap in the Portuguese context. The scale demonstrated potential for cross-cultural research and was particularly adept at predicting nature exposure in different professional contexts. The results suggest that the NES can enhance our understanding of the impact of nature on well-being in diverse cultural settings. Conclusion The study underscores the reliability of the NES in assessing nature exposure in Portugal, paving the way for further exploration in Portuguese-speaking regions. The scale holds promise for advancing research on the relationship between nature and well-being, contributing valuable insights across different cultural contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Picanço
- cE3c/GBA–Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes and CHANGE–Global Change and Sustainability Institute/Azorean Biodiversity Group and University of the Azores, Azores, Portugal
| | - Ana Moura Arroz
- cE3c/GBA–Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes and CHANGE–Global Change and Sustainability Institute/Azorean Biodiversity Group and University of the Azores, Azores, Portugal
| | - Noelline Tsafack
- cE3c/GBA–Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes and CHANGE–Global Change and Sustainability Institute/Azorean Biodiversity Group and University of the Azores, Azores, Portugal
- Avignon Université, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Avignon, France
| | - Ana Fuentes Sánchez
- cE3c/GBA–Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes and CHANGE–Global Change and Sustainability Institute/Azorean Biodiversity Group and University of the Azores, Azores, Portugal
| | - Enésima Pereira
- cE3c/GBA–Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes and CHANGE–Global Change and Sustainability Institute/Azorean Biodiversity Group and University of the Azores, Azores, Portugal
| | - Marta De Benedictis
- cE3c/GBA–Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes and CHANGE–Global Change and Sustainability Institute/Azorean Biodiversity Group and University of the Azores, Azores, Portugal
| | - Isabel R. Amorim
- cE3c/GBA–Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes and CHANGE–Global Change and Sustainability Institute/Azorean Biodiversity Group and University of the Azores, Azores, Portugal
| | - Maria da Luz Melo
- Núcleo de Investigação e Desenvolvimento em e-Saúde, Escola Superior de Saúde da UAc, Azores, Portugal
| | - Rosalina Gabriel
- cE3c/GBA–Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes and CHANGE–Global Change and Sustainability Institute/Azorean Biodiversity Group and University of the Azores, Azores, Portugal
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Chen N, Mita C, Chowdhury-Paulino IM, Shreves AH, Hu CR, Yi L, James P. The built environment and cancer survivorship: A scoping review. Health Place 2024; 86:103206. [PMID: 38387361 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are more than 32 million cancer survivors worldwide. The built environment is one of the contextual factors that may influence cancer survivorship. However, studies investigating the interdisciplinary field of the built environment and cancer survivorship are lacking. OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review of the existing literature regarding the relationship between the built environment and cancer survivorship, identify any knowledge gaps, and recommend future research directions. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed by searching OVID Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science Core Collection. RESULTS Of 4235 unique records identified, 26 studies met eligibility criteria. Neighborhood walkability and greenness were the most examined built environment characteristics among the included studies. Walkability was found to be associated with various cancer survivorship experience, including increased levels of physical activity, lowered body mass index, and improved quality of life. The association between greenness and cancer survivorship outcomes were inconsistent across the included studies. Additionally, studies have reported the relationship between light and noise pollution and sleep among cancer survivors. Regarding blue space, in one qualitative study, breast cancer survivors brought up the healing properties of water. CONCLUSION Our scoping review demonstrated a breadth of current cancer survivorship research in the field of neighborhood walkability and greenness, but fewer studies detailing other aspects of the built environment as defined by this review, such as light pollution, noise pollution, and blue space. We identified future research directions for those interested in this interdisciplinary field, which can provide insights for urban planners and policy makers on how to best leverage the built environment to promote the health and wellbeing of cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiyu Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Carol Mita
- Countway Library, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Alaina H Shreves
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cindy R Hu
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Li Yi
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, USA
| | - Peter James
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, USA
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Pearson AL, Tribby C, Brown CD, Yang JA, Pfeiffer K, Jankowska MM. Systematic review of best practices for GPS data usage, processing, and linkage in health, exposure science and environmental context research. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e077036. [PMID: 38307539 PMCID: PMC10836389 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-077036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Global Positioning System (GPS) technology is increasingly used in health research to capture individual mobility and contextual and environmental exposures. However, the tools, techniques and decisions for using GPS data vary from study to study, making comparisons and reproducibility challenging. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this systematic review were to (1) identify best practices for GPS data collection and processing; (2) quantify reporting of best practices in published studies; and (3) discuss examples found in reviewed manuscripts that future researchers may employ for reporting GPS data usage, processing and linkage of GPS data in health studies. DESIGN A systematic review. DATA SOURCES Electronic databases searched (24 October 2023) were PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science (PROSPERO ID: CRD42022322166). ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Included peer-reviewed studies published in English met at least one of the criteria: (1) protocols involving GPS for exposure/context and human health research purposes and containing empirical data; (2) linkage of GPS data to other data intended for research on contextual influences on health; (3) associations between GPS-measured mobility or exposures and health; (4) derived variable methods using GPS data in health research; or (5) comparison of GPS tracking with other methods (eg, travel diary). DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS We examined 157 manuscripts for reporting of best practices including wear time, sampling frequency, data validity, noise/signal loss and data linkage to assess risk of bias. RESULTS We found that 6% of the studies did not disclose the GPS device model used, only 12.1% reported the per cent of GPS data lost by signal loss, only 15.7% reported the per cent of GPS data considered to be noise and only 68.2% reported the inclusion criteria for their data. CONCLUSIONS Our recommendations for reporting on GPS usage, processing and linkage may be transferrable to other geospatial devices, with the hope of promoting transparency and reproducibility in this research. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42022322166.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber L Pearson
- CS Mott Department of Public Health, Michigan State University, Flint, MI, USA
| | - Calvin Tribby
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Catherine D Brown
- Department of Geography, Environment and Spatial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Jiue-An Yang
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Karin Pfeiffer
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Marta M Jankowska
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
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Korpisaari M, Puhakka S, Farrahi V, Niemelä M, Tulppo MP, Ikäheimo T, Korpelainen R, Lankila T. Physical activity, residential greenness, and cardiac autonomic function. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2024; 34:e14505. [PMID: 37767772 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This population-based study examines the associations between physical activity (PA), residential environmental greenness, and cardiac health measured by resting short-term heart rate variability (HRV). METHODS Residential greenness of a birth cohort sample (n = 5433) at 46 years was measured with normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) by fixing a 1 km buffer around each participant's home. Daily light PA (LPA), moderate PA (MPA), vigorous PA (VPA), and the combination of both (MVPA) were measured using a wrist-worn accelerometer for 14 days. Resting HRV was measured with a heart rate monitor, and generalized additive modeling (GAM) was used to examine the association between PA, NDVI, and resting HRV. RESULTS In nongreen areas, men had less PA at all intensity levels compared to men in green areas. Women had more LPA and total PA and less MPA, MVPA, and VPA in green residential areas compared to nongreen areas. In green residential areas, men had more MPA, MVPA, and VPA than women, whereas women had more LPA than men. GAM showed positive linear associations between LPA, MVPA and HRV in all models. CONCLUSIONS Higher LPA and MVPA were significantly associated with increased HRV, irrespective of residential greenness. Greenness was positively associated with PA at all intensity levels in men, whereas in women, a positive association was found for LPA and total PA. A positive relationship of PA with resting HRV and greenness with PA was found. Residential greenness for promoting PA and heart health in adults should be considered in city planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maija Korpisaari
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr., Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Geography Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Soile Puhakka
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr., Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Geography Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Vahid Farrahi
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Oulu, Finland
- Institute for Sport and Sport Sciences, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Maisa Niemelä
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Oulu, Finland
- Centre for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Mikko P Tulppo
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Biomedicine and Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tiina Ikäheimo
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Raija Korpelainen
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr., Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tiina Lankila
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr., Oulu, Finland
- Geography Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Wilt GE, Roscoe CJ, Hu CR, Mehta UV, Coull BA, Hart JE, Gortmaker S, Laden F, James P. Minute level smartphone derived exposure to greenness and consumer wearable derived physical activity in a cohort of US women. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 237:116864. [PMID: 37648192 PMCID: PMC11146007 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inconsistent results have been found in the literature on associations of greenness, or vegetation quantity, and physical activity. However, few studies have assessed associations between mobility-based greenness and physical activity from mobile health data from smartphone and wearable devices with fine spatial and temporal resolution. METHODS We assessed mobility-based greenness exposure and wearable accelerometer data from participants in the US-based prospective Nurses' Health Study 3 cohort Mobile Health (mHealth) Substudy (2018-2020). We recruited 500 female participants with instructions to wear devices over four 7-day sampling periods equally spaced throughout the year. After restriction criteria there were 337 participants (mean age 36 years) with n = 639,364 unique observations. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data were derived from 30 m x 30 m Landsat-8 imagery and spatially joined to GPS points recorded every 10 min. Fitbit proprietary algorithms provided physical activity summarized as mean number of steps per minute, which we averaged during the 10-min period following a GPS-based greenness exposure assessment. We utilized Generalized Additive Mixed Models to examine associations (every 10 min) between greenness and physical activity adjusting for neighborhood and individual socioeconomic status, Census region, season, neighborhood walkability, daily mean temperature and precipitation. We assessed effect modification through stratification and interaction models and conducted sensitivity analyses. RESULTS Mean 10-min step count averaged 7.0 steps (SD 14.9) and greenness (NDVI) averaged 0.3 (SD 0.2). Contrary to our hypotheses, higher greenness exposure was associated non-linearly with lower mean steps per minute after adjusting for confounders. We observed statistically significant effect modification by Census region and season. DISCUSSION We utilized objective physical activity data at fine temporal and spatial scales to present novel estimates of the association between mobility-based greenness and step count. We found higher levels of greenness were inversely associated with steps per minute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grete E Wilt
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Charlotte J Roscoe
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Division of Population Sciences, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Cindy R Hu
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Unnati V Mehta
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Brent A Coull
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jaime E Hart
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Steven Gortmaker
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Francine Laden
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Peter James
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, United States
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Iyer HS, Shi X, Satagopan JM, Cheng I, Roscoe C, McLaughlin RH, Stroup AM, Setoguchi S, Bandera EV, Hernandez BY, Doherty JA, Hsieh MC, Knowlton R, Qin B, Laden F, Rebbeck TR, Gomez SL. Advancing Social and Environmental Research in Cancer Registries Using Geomasking for Address-Level Data. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023; 32:1485-1489. [PMID: 37908192 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-23-0790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the social and environmental causes of cancer in the United States, particularly in marginalized communities, is a major research priority. Population-based cancer registries are essential for advancing this research, given their nearly complete capture of incident cases within their catchment areas. Most registries limit the release of address-level geocodes linked to cancer outcomes to comply with state health departmental regulations. These policies ensure patient privacy, uphold data confidentiality, and enhance trust in research. However, these restrictions also limit the conduct of high-quality epidemiologic studies on social and environmental factors that may contribute to cancer burden. Geomasking refers to computational algorithms that distort locational data to attain a balance between effectively "masking" the original address location while faithfully maintaining the spatial structure in the data. We propose that the systematic deployment of scalable geomasking algorithms could accelerate research on social and environmental contributions across the cancer continuum by reducing measurement error bias while also protecting privacy. We encourage multidisciplinary teams of registry officials, geospatial analysts, cancer researchers, and others engaged in this form of research to evaluate and apply geomasking procedures based on feasibility of implementation, accuracy, and privacy protection to accelerate population-based research on social and environmental causes of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari S Iyer
- Section of Cancer Epidemiology and Health Outcomes, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Xun Shi
- Department of Geography, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Jaya M Satagopan
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Iona Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Charlotte Roscoe
- Division of Population Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Robert H McLaughlin
- Cancer Registry of Greater California, Public Health Institute, Oakland, California
| | - Antoinette M Stroup
- Section of Cancer Epidemiology and Health Outcomes, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
- New Jersey State Cancer Registry, Trenton, New Jersey
| | - Soko Setoguchi
- Rutgers University Institute for Health, Healthcare Policy, and Aging Research, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Elisa V Bandera
- Section of Cancer Epidemiology and Health Outcomes, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Brenda Y Hernandez
- Hawai'i Tumor Registry, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Jennifer A Doherty
- Department of Population Science, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Mei-Chin Hsieh
- Louisiana Tumor Registry and Epidemiology Program, School of Public Health at Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Richard Knowlton
- Massachusetts Cancer Registry, Office of Data Management and Outcomes Assessment, Office of Population Health, Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bo Qin
- Section of Cancer Epidemiology and Health Outcomes, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Francine Laden
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Timothy R Rebbeck
- Division of Population Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Scarlett L Gomez
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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Spangler KR, Brochu P, Nori-Sarma A, Milechin D, Rickles M, Davis B, Dukes KA, Lane KJ. Calculating access to parks and other polygonal resources: A description of open-source methodologies. Spat Spatiotemporal Epidemiol 2023; 47:100606. [PMID: 38042531 DOI: 10.1016/j.sste.2023.100606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Public health studies routinely use simplistic methods to calculate proximity-based "access" to greenspace, such as by measuring distances to the geographic centroids of parks or, less frequently, to the perimeter of the park area. Although computationally efficient, these approaches oversimplify exposure measurement because parks often have specific entrance points. In this tutorial paper, we describe how researchers can instead calculate more-accurate access measures using freely available open-source methods. Specifically, we demonstrate processes for calculating "service areas" representing street-network-based buffers of access to parks within set distances and mode of transportation (e.g., 1-km walk or 20-minute drive) using OpenRouteService and QGIS software. We also introduce an advanced method involving the identification of trailheads or parking lots with OpenStreetMap data and show how large parks particularly benefit from this approach. These methods can be used globally and are applicable to analyses of a wide range of studies investigating proximity access to resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith R Spangler
- Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Boston, MA; Boston University School of Public Health, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Data Analytics Center, Boston, MA.
| | - Paige Brochu
- Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Boston, MA; Boston University School of Public Health, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Data Analytics Center, Boston, MA
| | - Amruta Nori-Sarma
- Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Boston, MA; Boston University School of Public Health, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Data Analytics Center, Boston, MA
| | - Dennis Milechin
- Boston University Information Services & Technology, Research Computing Services, Boston MA
| | | | | | - Kimberly A Dukes
- Boston University School of Public Health, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Data Analytics Center, Boston, MA; Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA
| | - Kevin J Lane
- Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Boston, MA; Boston University School of Public Health, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Data Analytics Center, Boston, MA
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Zhu Z, Yang Z, Yu L, Xu L, Wu Y, Zhang X, Shen P, Lin H, Shui L, Tang M, Jin M, Wang J, Chen K. Residential greenness, air pollution and incident neurodegenerative disease: A cohort study in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 878:163173. [PMID: 37003317 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurodegenerative disease has a great adverse impact on population's death and disability worldwide. However, the association of air pollution and residential greenness with neurodegenerative disease and their potential mechanisms still remain uncertain. METHODS We used data from a population-based prospective cohort in Ningbo, China. Exposure to PM2.5, PM10 and NO2 were assessed by land-use regression (LUR) models and residential greenness was estimated by Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Our primary outcomes were all neurodegenerative diseases, Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the association of air pollution and residential greenness with risk of incident neurodegenerative disease. Furthermore, we also explored the potential mediation relationship and effect modification between greenness and air pollutants. RESULTS During the follow-up period, we identified a total of 617 incident neurodegenerative diseases, 301 PD and 182 AD. In single-exposure models, PM2.5 was positively associated with all outcomes (e.g. AD hazard ratio (HR): 1.41, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.09-1.84, per interquartile range (IQR) increment), whereas residential greenness showed protective effects (e.g. neurodegenerative disease, HR: 0.82, 95%CI: 0.75-0.90, per IQR increment for NDVI in 1000 m buffer). NO2 was positively associated with risk of neurodegenerative disease and PM10 was associated with neurodegenerative disease and AD. In two-exposure models, after adjustment for PM2.5, the association for greenness generally attenuated towards null. Moreover, we identified the significant modification effect of greenness on PM2.5 on additive and multiplicative scales. CONCLUSION In this prospective study, we found that exposure to higher residential greenness and lower concentrations of particulate matter were associated with lower risk of neurodegenerative disease, PD and AD. Residential greenness could modify the association of PM2.5 with neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanghang Zhu
- Department of Public Health, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zongming Yang
- Department of Public Health, and Department of Endocrinology of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children's Health, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Luhua Yu
- Department of Public Health, and Department of Endocrinology of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children's Health, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lisha Xu
- Department of Public Health, and Department of Endocrinology of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children's Health, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yonghao Wu
- Department of Public Health, and Department of Endocrinology of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children's Health, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xinhan Zhang
- Department of Public Health, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Peng Shen
- Department of Chronic Disease and Health Promotion, Yinzhou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315040, China
| | - Hongbo Lin
- Department of Chronic Disease and Health Promotion, Yinzhou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315040, China
| | - Liming Shui
- Yinzhou District Health Bureau of Ningbo, Ningbo, 315040, China
| | - Mengling Tang
- Department of Public Health, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Mingjuan Jin
- Department of Public Health, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianbing Wang
- Department of Public Health, and Department of Endocrinology of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children's Health, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Public Health, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Lord BD, Harris AR, Ambs S. The impact of social and environmental factors on cancer biology in Black Americans. Cancer Causes Control 2023; 34:191-203. [PMID: 36562901 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-022-01664-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Low socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with early onset of chronic diseases and reduced life expectancy. The involvement of neighborhood-level factors in defining cancer risk and outcomes for marginalized communities has been an active area of research for decades. Yet, the biological processes that underlie the impact of SES on chronic health conditions, such as cancer, remain poorly understood. To date, limited studies have shown that chronic life stress is more prevalent in low SES communities and can affect important molecular processes implicated in tumor biology such as DNA methylation, inflammation, and immune response. Further efforts to elucidate how neighborhood-level factors function physiologically to worsen cancer outcomes for disadvantaged communities are underway. This review provides an overview of the current literature on how socioenvironmental factors within neighborhoods contribute to more aggressive tumor biology, specifically in Black U.S. women and men, including the impact of environmental pollutants, neighborhood deprivation, social isolation, structural racism, and discrimination. We also summarize commonly used methods to measure deprivation, discrimination, and structural racism at the neighborhood-level in cancer health disparities research. Finally, we offer recommendations to adopt a multi-faceted intersectional approach to reduce cancer health disparities and develop effective interventions to promote health equity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany D Lord
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bldg. 37/Room 3050, Bethesda, MD, 20892-4258, USA.
| | - Alexandra R Harris
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bldg. 37/Room 3050, Bethesda, MD, 20892-4258, USA
| | - Stefan Ambs
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bldg. 37/Room 3050, Bethesda, MD, 20892-4258, USA
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10
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Gupta N, Crouse DL, Miah P, Takaro T. Individual physical activity, neighbourhood active living environment and mental illness hospitalisation among adults with cardiometabolic disease: a Canadian population-based cohort analysis. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e067736. [PMID: 36725097 PMCID: PMC9896238 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This population-based observational study explores the associations between individual-level and neighbourhood-level indices of active living with inpatient mental healthcare use among adults with an underlying chronic cardiometabolic condition. DESIGN AND SETTING Data from the 2013-2014 Canadian Community Health Survey were linked longitudinally to hospital records from the 2013/2014‒2017/2018 Discharge Abstract Database and to a geocoded measure of active living environments (ALE). Relationships between individuals' leisure-time physical activity and neighbourhood ALE with risk of hospital admission for mental health disorders were assessed using multivariable Cox regressions. PARTICIPANTS A national cohort was identified from the survey data of 24 960 respondents aged 35 years and above reporting having been diagnosed with diabetes, hypertension and/or heart disease. OUTCOME MEASURE Potentially avoidable hospitalisation for a mood, anxiety or substance use disorder over a 5-year period. RESULTS More than half (52%) of adults aged 35 years and above with a cardiometabolic disease were physically inactive in their daily lives, and one-third (34%) resided in the least activity-friendly neighbourhoods. The rate of being hospitalised at least once for a comorbid mental disorder averaged 8.1 (95% CI: 7.0 to 9.3) per 1000 person-years of exposure. Individuals who were at least moderately active were half as likely to be hospitalised for a comorbid mental health problem compared with those who were inactive (HR: 0.50 (95% CI: 0.38 to 0.65)). No statistically discernible associations between neighbourhood ALE and hospitalisation risks were found after controlling for individuals' behaviours and characteristics, including in separate models stratified by age group and by sex. CONCLUSIONS The evidence base to support prioritisation of interventions focusing on the built environment favouring mental health-promoting physical activity among higher-risk adults at the population level, independently of individual-level behaviours and characteristics, remains limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeru Gupta
- University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | | | - Pablo Miah
- University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Tim Takaro
- Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
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11
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Zhao C, Wang W, Wen H, Huang Z, Wang X, Jiao K, Chen Q, Feng H, Wang Y, Liao J, Ma L. Effects of green spaces on alleviating mortality attributable to PM 2.5 in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:14402-14412. [PMID: 36153419 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23097-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Increasing research suggested that green spaces are associated with many health benefits, but evidence for the quantitative relationship between green spaces and mortality attributable to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 μm or less (PM2.5) is limited. We collected disease-specific mortality and PM2.5 data for a period of 4 years (2015-2018) along with green space data for an 8-year duration (2010-2017) in 31 provincial-level administrative regions of China. First, this study used the Integrated Exposure-Response model to estimate the mortality of four diseases attributable to PM2.5, including chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD), lung cancer (LC), ischemic heart disease (IHD), and cerebrovascular disease (CBVD). Then we performed linear regression and mixed-effects model to investigate the counteracting effect of green spaces on death caused by PM2.5 exposure. The differences in impacts among the Eastern, Central, and Western regions were explored using stratified analysis. The most significant results from linear regression analysis indicated that per 100 km2 of green spaces increase, there was a decreased total mortality (10-5) (COPD, LC, IHD, and CBVD) attributable to PM2.5 by - 4.012 [95% confidence interval (CI): - 5.535, - 2.488], while the reduction by mixed-linear regression analysis was - 2.702/105 (95% CI = - 3.645, - 1.759). Of all hysteresis analyses, the effect estimates (β) at lag3 and lag4 were the largest. The effect of green spaces was more advantageous when targeting CBVD and the Eastern region. We found a negative correlation between green space exposure and mortality attributable to PM2.5, which can provide further support for city planners, government personnel, and others to build a healthier city and achieve national health goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyu Zhao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanyue Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoxuan Wen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Zenghui Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodie Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Kuizhuang Jiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Qihao Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Feng
- Guangzhou Fangzhou Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Guangzhou, 510000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhe Wang
- Department of Surveying and Mapping, School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingling Liao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Ma
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, o. 115 Donghu Avenue, Wuchang district, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Wu J, Luo M, Lin N, Huang Z, Wang T, Xu T, Zhang L, You Z, Lin M, Lin K, Xie X, Guo Y. Association of greenness exposure with coronary artery stenosis and biomarkers of myocardial injury in patients with myocardial infarction. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:159036. [PMID: 36167129 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Greenness has been linked to cardiovascular health; however, limited evidence is available regarding its association with coronary artery stenosis and biomarkers of myocardial injury. We aimed to assess these associations and examine their modification and mediation effects in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS This study included 2030 patients with MI. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was used to characterize greenness exposure. We used a logistic regression model to explore the relationship between coronary artery stenosis and residential greenness, and applied linear regression models to assess the association of greenness with biomarkers of myocardial injury. The bootstrap method was used to explore whether potential variables mediated the associations. To further investigate the exposure-response curve describing these relationships, we developed restricted cubic spline models. RESULT Compared to the lowest quartile of NDVI, the odds ratio (OR) (95 % confidence interval [CI]) for severe stenosis (≥75 % stenosis) was 0.68 (95 % CI: 0.47 to 0.98) for the third quartile. Participants in the highest greenness exposure quartile had lower levels of cardiac troponin I (cTnI), creatine kinase (CK), and creatine kinase isoenzyme (CKMB) than those in the lowest quartile (β = -0.22, 95 % CI: -0.40 to -0.05; β = -0.13, 95 % CI: -0.22 to -0.04; β = -0.07, 95 % CI: -0.14 to -0.003). The association between residential greenness and myocardial injury biomarkers was stronger in men and older participants. Mediation analyses revealed that the effects of greenness on coronary stenosis, cTnI, CK, and CKMB were mediated by systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). CONCLUSION Higher greenness exposure was associated with coronary artery stenosis and reduced levels of myocardial injury biomarkers, including cTnI, CK, and CKMB. These associations may be partially mediated by SBP and DBP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyu Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Manqing Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fujian Provincial Center for Geriatrics, Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Severe Acute Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Heart Failure Center Alliance, Fuzhou, China
| | - Na Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fujian Provincial Center for Geriatrics, Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Severe Acute Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Heart Failure Center Alliance, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zelin Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tinggui Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liwei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fujian Provincial Center for Geriatrics, Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Severe Acute Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Heart Failure Center Alliance, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhebin You
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fujian Provincial Center for Geriatrics, Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Severe Acute Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Heart Failure Center Alliance, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Maoqing Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fujian Provincial Center for Geriatrics, Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Severe Acute Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Heart Failure Center Alliance, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kaiyang Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fujian Provincial Center for Geriatrics, Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Severe Acute Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Heart Failure Center Alliance, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxu Xie
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Clinical Research Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China.
| | - Yansong Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fujian Provincial Center for Geriatrics, Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Severe Acute Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Heart Failure Center Alliance, Fuzhou, China.
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James P, Wilt GE, Jimenez MP. Invited Perspective: Can My Smartphone Assess My Exposure? The Potential to Retroactively Estimate Personalized Exposures using Smartphone Location Data. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2022; 130:111304. [PMID: 36356209 PMCID: PMC9648903 DOI: 10.1289/ehp12237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter James
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Grete E. Wilt
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marcia Pescador Jimenez
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Pontin FL, Jenneson VL, Morris MA, Clarke GP, Lomax NM. Objectively measuring the association between the built environment and physical activity: a systematic review and reporting framework. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:119. [PMID: 36104757 PMCID: PMC9476279 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-022-01352-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Objective measures of built environment and physical activity provide the opportunity to directly compare their relationship across different populations and spatial contexts. This systematic review synthesises the current body of knowledge and knowledge gaps around the impact of objectively measured built environment metrics on physical activity levels in adults (≥ 18 years). Additionally, this review aims to address the need for improved quality of methodological reporting to evaluate studies and improve inter-study comparability though the creation of a reporting framework.
Methods
A systematic search of the literature was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. After abstract and full-text screening, 94 studies were included in the final review. Results were synthesised using an association matrix to show overall association between built environment and physical activity variables. Finally, the new PERFORM (’Physical and Environmental Reporting Framework for Objectively Recorded Measures’) checklist was created and applied to the included studies rating them on their reporting quality across four key areas: study design and characteristics, built environment exposures, physical activity metrics, and the association between built environment and physical activity.
Results
Studies came from 21 countries and ranged from two days to six years in duration. Accelerometers and using geographic information system (GIS) to define the spatial extent of exposure around a pre-defined geocoded location were the most popular tools to capture physical activity and built environment respectively. Ethnicity and socio-economic status of participants were generally poorly reported. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was the most common metric of physical activity used followed by walking. Commonly investigated elements of the built environment included walkability, access to parks and green space. Areas where there was a strong body of evidence for a positive or negative association between the built environment and physical activity were identified. The new PERFORM checklist was devised and poorly reported areas identified, included poor reporting of built environment data sources and poor justification of method choice.
Conclusions
This systematic review highlights key gaps in studies objectively measuring the built environment and physical activity both in terms of the breadth and quality of reporting. Broadening the variety measures of the built environment and physical activity across different demographic groups and spatial areas will grow the body and quality of evidence around built environment effect on activity behaviour. Whilst following the PERFORM reporting guidance will ensure the high quality, reproducibility, and comparability of future research.
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15
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Hwang S, Webber-Ritchey K, Moxley E. Comparison of GPS imputation methods in environmental health research. GEOSPATIAL HEALTH 2022; 17. [PMID: 36047344 DOI: 10.4081/gh.2022.1081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Assessment of personal exposure in the external environment commonly relies on global positioning system (GPS) measurements. However, it has been challenging to determine exposures accurately due to missing data in GPS trajectories. In environmental health research using GPS, missing data are often discarded or are typically imputed based on the last known location or linear interpolation. Imputation is said to mitigate bias in exposure measures, but methods used are hardly evaluated against ground truth. Widely used imputation methods assume that a person is either stationary or constantly moving during the missing interval. Relaxing this assumption, we propose a method for imputing locations as a function of a person's likely movement state (stop, move) during the missing interval. We then evaluate the proposed method in terms of the accuracy of imputed location, movement state, and daily mobility measures such as the number of trips and time spent on places visited. Experiments based on real data collected by participants (n=59) show that the proposed approach outperforms existing methods. Imputation to the last known location can lead to large deviation from the actual location when gap distance is large. Linear interpolation is shown to result in large errors in mobility measures. Researchers should be aware that the different treatment of missing data can affect the spatiotemporal accuracy of GPS-based exposure assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungsoon Hwang
- Department of Geography, DePaul University, Chicago, IL.
| | | | - Elizabeth Moxley
- College of Health and Human Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL.
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Tabak R, Colvin R, Strickland JR, Dale AM, Kepper M, Ruggeri T, Evanoff B. Impacts of a Workplace-Based Weight-Control Intervention on Objective and Perceived Physical Activity among a Subgroup of Workers. JOURNAL OF HEALTHY EATING AND ACTIVE LIVING 2022; 2:73-87. [PMID: 36381293 PMCID: PMC9648423 DOI: 10.51250/jheal.v2i2.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) has many benefits; however, groups facing barriers to health-promoting behaviors are less likely to be physically active. This may be addressed through workplace interventions. The current study employs objective (accelerometry) and perceived (International Physical Activity Questionnaire [IPAQ]) measures of PA among a subset of participants from the "Working for You" study, which tests a multi-level (work group and individual) workplace intervention targeted at workers with low-incomes. Linear mixed and hierarchical logistic regression models are used to determine the intervention's impact on moderate- to vigorous-PA (MVPA) and achieving the PA Guideline for Americans (≥150 minutes MVPA/week), respectively from baseline to 6- and 24-months, relative to a control group. Correlations (Spearman Rho) between perceived and objective PA are assessed. Of the 140 workers (69 control, 71 intervention) in the sub-study, 131 (94%) have valid data at baseline, 88 (63%) at 6-months, and 77 (55%) at 24-months. Changes in MVPA are not significantly different among intervention relative to control participants assessed by accelerometer or IPAQ at 6- or 24-months follow-up. The percent achieving the PA Guideline for Americans does not vary by treatment group by any measure at any time point (e.g., baseline accelerometry: [control: n=37 (57%); intervention: n=35 (53%)]). This study identifies limited agreement (correlation range: 0.04 to 0.42, all p>.05) between perceived and objective measures. Results suggest the intervention did not improve PA among the sub-study participants. Though agreement between objective and perceived MVPA is low, similar conclusions regarding intervention effectiveness are drawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Tabak
- Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Ryan Colvin
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | | | - Ann Marie Dale
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Maura Kepper
- Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Tara Ruggeri
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Bradley Evanoff
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
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Akinci ZS, Delclòs-Alió X, Vich G, Salvo D, Ibarluzea J, Miralles-Guasch C. How different are objective operationalizations of walkability for older adults compared to the general population? A systematic review. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:673. [PMID: 35971086 PMCID: PMC9377138 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03233-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Walking is an essential activity for everyone and for older adults in particular, given that it is the most accessible form of physical activity and one of the healthiest transportation modes. Understanding how walkability (the potential of the environment to enable and/or encourage walking) has been objectively measured and analyzed for older adults is critical to create more inclusive, healthy, and sustainable environments and to promote healthy aging. Despite the numerous reviews on physical activity among older adults and its relationship with the built environment, the literature still lacks comparison reviews focusing specifically on objective operationalizations of walkability for older adults vs. the general population. Methods We conducted a systematic review of 146 empirical studies that measured walkability objectively in relation to walking-related outcomes. We compared studies focused on older adults (n = 24) and the general population (n = 122). Content analysis included the characteristics of the study design, walkability measures, spatial extent, and associations found between walkability and walking-related outcomes. Results In both groups of publications, the majority of studies were conducted in the US, Canada, and Europe, and largely in high-income countries. They were mostly published in health-related journals and used cross-sectional designs, operationalized walkability by using indexes, employed self-reported measures for walking-related outcomes, and found positive associations between walkability and walking outcomes. However, we observed some differences among studies focusing on older adults. Compared to studies focusing on the general population, a larger proportion of studies on older adults was conducted in the Middle East and Asia, and they used longitudinal designs, mixed methods to measure walking-related outcomes, variables related with land-use characteristics, safety from traffic and crime, and greenery, and a larger proportion found positive, as well as no associations between walkability and walking-related outcomes. Conclusion Although there is a promising increase in interest in older adults-focused walkability studies in the last decade, there is still a need for more studies focusing on different settings, using wider spatial extents, longitudinal designs, objective or mixed methods to collect outcome data, and specific variables and/or specially created indexes for older adults and for settings. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-022-03233-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep S Akinci
- Grup d'Estudis en Mobilitat, Transport i Territori (GEMOTT), Departament de Geografia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici B, Campus de Bellaterra, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Xavier Delclòs-Alió
- Grup de Recerca en Anàlisi Territorial i Estudis Turístics (GRATET), Departament de Geografia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Vila-seca, Spain
| | - Guillem Vich
- Grup d'Estudis en Mobilitat, Transport i Territori (GEMOTT), Departament de Geografia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici B, Campus de Bellaterra, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.,ISGlobal (Barcelona Institute for Global Health), Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Deborah Salvo
- People, Health and Place Unit; Prevention Research Center in St. Louis; Brown School; Washington University in St Louis , St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jesús Ibarluzea
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub-Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, 20013, San Sebastian, Spain.,Faculty of Psychology of the University of the Basque Country, 20018, San Sebastian, Spain.,Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development Group, 20014, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Carme Miralles-Guasch
- Grup d'Estudis en Mobilitat, Transport i Territori (GEMOTT), Departament de Geografia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici B, Campus de Bellaterra, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona - Edifici ICTA-ICP, Campus de Bellaterra, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
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18
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Jiang Y, Kang Zhuo BM, Guo B, Zeng PB, Guo YM, Chen GB, Wei J, He RF, Li ZF, Zhang XH, Wang ZY, Li X, Wang L, Zeng CM, Chen L, Xiao X, Zhao X. Living near greenness is associated with higher bone strength: A large cross-sectional epidemiological study in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 831:155393. [PMID: 35461937 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Living near green spaces may benefit various health outcomes. However, no studies have investigated the greenness-bone linkage in the general population. Moreover, to which extent ambient air pollution (AAP), physical activity (PA), and body mass index (BMI) mediate this relationship remains unclear. We aimed to explore the association between greenness and bone strength and the potential mediating roles of AAP, PA, and BMI in Chinese adults. METHODS This cross-sectional analysis enrolled 66,053 adults from the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort in 2018-2019. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and enhanced vegetation index (EVI) were employed to define residential greenness. The calcaneus quantitative ultrasound index (QUI) was used to indicate bone strength. Multiple linear regression models and mediation analyses were used to estimate the residential greenness-bone strength association and potential pathways operating through AAP (represented by PM2.5 [particulate matter <2.5 μm in diameter]), PA, and BMI. Stratification analyses were performed to identify susceptible populations. RESULTS Higher residential exposure to greenness was significantly associated with an increase in QUI, with changes (95% confidence interval) of 3.28 (3.05, 3.50), 3.57 (3.34, 3.80), 2.68 (2.46, 2.90), and 2.93 (2.71, 3.15) for every interquartile range increase in NDVI500m, NDVI1000m, EVI500m, and EVI1000m, respectively. Sex, urbanicity, annual family income, smoking, and drinking significantly modified the association of greenness-bone strength, with more remarkable associations in males, urban residents, subjects from wealthier families, smokers, and drinkers. For the NDVI500m/EVI500m-QUI relationship, the positive mediating roles of PM2.5 and PA were 6.70%/8.50 and 2.43%/2.69%, respectively, whereas those negative for BMI and PA-BMI were 0.88%/1.06% and 0.05%/0.05%, respectively. CONCLUSION Living in a greener area may predict higher bone strength, particularly among males, urban residents, wealthier people, smokers, and drinkers. AAP, PA, BMI, and other factors may partially mediate the positive association. Our findings underscore the importance of optimizing greenness planning and management policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Jiang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bai Ma Kang Zhuo
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; School of Medicine, Tibet University, Lhasa, Tibet, China
| | - Bing Guo
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Pei-Bin Zeng
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu-Ming Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gong-Bo Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Rui-Feng He
- Tibet Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lhasa, Tibet, China
| | - Zhi-Feng Li
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Xue-Hui Zhang
- School of public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zi-Yun Wang
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Jianyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Wang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chun-Mei Zeng
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Chen
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiong Xiao
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xing Zhao
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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19
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Marquet O, Hirsch JA, Kerr J, Jankowska MM, Mitchell J, Hart JE, Laden F, Hipp JA, James P. GPS-based activity space exposure to greenness and walkability is associated with increased accelerometer-based physical activity. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 165:107317. [PMID: 35660954 PMCID: PMC10187790 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Built and natural environments may provide opportunities for physical activity. However, studies are limited by primarily using residential addresses to define exposure and self-report to measure physical activity. We quantified associations between global positioning systems (GPS)-based activity space measures of environmental exposure and accelerometer-based physical activity. METHODS Using a nationwide sample of working female adults (N = 354), we obtained seven days of GPS and accelerometry data. We created Daily Path Area activity spaces using GPS data and linked these activity spaces to spatial datasets on walkability (EPA Smart Location Database at the Census block group level) and greenness (satellite vegetation at 250 m resolution). We utilized generalized additive models to examine nonlinear associations between activity space exposures and accelerometer-derived physical activity outcomes adjusted for demographic characteristics, socioeconomic factors, and self-rated health. RESULTS Higher activity space walkability was associated with higher levels of moderate-vigorous physical activity, and higher activity space greenness was associated with greater numbers of steps per week. No strong relationships were observed for sedentary behavior or light physical activity. Highest levels of moderate-vigorous physical activity were observed for participants with both high walkability and high greenness in their activity spaces. CONCLUSION This study contributes evidence that higher levels of physical activity occur in environments with more dense, diverse, and well-connected built environments, and with higher amounts of vegetation. These data suggest that urban planners, landscape architects, and policy makers should implement and evaluate environmental interventions to encourage higher levels of physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriol Marquet
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jana A Hirsch
- Urban Health Collaborative, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jacqueline Kerr
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Marta M Jankowska
- Beckman Research Institute, Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan Mitchell
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jaime E Hart
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Francine Laden
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Aaron Hipp
- Center for Geospatial Analytics, NC State University, USA; Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management, NC State University, USA
| | - Peter James
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
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20
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Coleman CJ, Yeager RA, Pond ZA, Riggs DW, Bhatnagar A, Arden Pope C. Mortality risk associated with greenness, air pollution, and physical activity in a representative U.S. cohort. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 824:153848. [PMID: 35176374 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Several cohort studies suggest greenness is associated with decreased mortality risk. Potential confounding by or interactions between physical activity and air pollution remains unclear. This study evaluates associations of greenness, air pollution, and physical activity with mortality risk and investigates confounding and effect modification across these key risk factors. National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data covering 1997-2014 were linked to the National Death Index to generate a cohort of 403,748 individuals with 39,528 deaths. Greenness, represented by census-tract Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for the seasonal period of May-October, was averaged over the years 2003-2016. Air pollution was estimated by census-tract level PM2.5 concentrations from 1999 to 2015. Cox Proportional Hazard Models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) for differences in greenness, air pollution, and physical activity. Alternative models that evaluated potential confounding and stratified models that evaluated effect modification were examined. Mortality risks were associated with PM2.5 (HR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.09-1.19 per 10 μg/m3) and physical inactivity (1.49, 1.44-1.54 relative to sufficiently active), but not with greenness (1.01, 0.99-1.03 per IQR). The PM2.5-mortality association was mitigated at high levels of greenness (1.05, 0.91-1.22). There was no strong evidence of confounding between air pollution, physical activity, and greenness. However, stratified analysis suggested effect modification for PM2.5 and NDVI by physical activity. A significant protective greenness-mortality association was observed for only highly active individuals (0.91, 0.86-0.96). Also, relatively high PM2.5-mortality HRs were observed for more physically active individuals (1.25, 1.12-1.40). PM2.5 air pollution and physical inactivity are robustly associated with mortality risk. Greenness may be most beneficial and air pollution relatively harmful to highly active individuals. This analysis provides evidence that, in addition to not smoking, being physically active and living in a clean, green environment contributes to improved health and reduced risk of mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carver J Coleman
- Department of Economics, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, United States of America
| | - Ray A Yeager
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, United States of America
| | - Zachari A Pond
- Department of Economics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States of America
| | - Daniel W Riggs
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, United States of America
| | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, United States of America
| | - C Arden Pope
- Department of Economics, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, United States of America.
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21
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Peng W, Dong Y, Tian M, Yuan J, Kan H, Jia X, Wang W. City-level greenness exposure is associated with COVID-19 incidence in China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 209:112871. [PMID: 35123969 PMCID: PMC8812109 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating studies have suggested an important role of environmental factors (e.g. air pollutants) on the occurrence and development of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Evidence concerning the relationship of greenness on COVID-19 is still limited. This study aimed to assess the association between greenness and COVID-19 incidence in 266 Chinese cities. A total of 12,377 confirmed COVID-19 cases were identified through February 29th, 2020. We used the average normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) during January and February 2020 from MOD13A2 product, to represent the city-level greenness exposure. A generalized linear mixed-effects model was used to estimate the association between NDVI exposure and COVID-19 incidence using COVID-19 cases as the outcome. We evaluated whether the association was modified by population density, GDP per capita, and urbanization rate, and was mediated by air pollutants. We also performed a series of sensitivity analyses to discuss the robustness of our results. Per 0.1 unit increment in NDVI was negatively associated with COVID-19 incidence (IRR: 0.921, 95% CI: 0.898, 0.944) after adjustment for confounders. Associations with COVID-19 incidence were stronger in cities with lower population density, lower GDP per capita, and lower urbanization rate. We failed to detect any mediation effect of air pollutants on the association between NDVI and COVID-19 incidence. Sensitivity analyses also indicated consistent estimates. In conclusion, our study suggested a beneficial association between city-level greenness and COVID-19 incidence. We could not establish which mechanisms may explain this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Peng
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yilin Dong
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Meihui Tian
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Jiacan Yuan
- IRDR-ICoE on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China; IRDR-ICoE on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianjie Jia
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Weibing Wang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China; IRDR-ICoE on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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22
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Kepper MM, Staiano AE, Broyles ST. The Potential for Bias across GPS-Accelerometer Combined Wear Criteria among Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:5931. [PMID: 35627467 PMCID: PMC9141158 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19105931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity has many health benefits, yet a large portion of our population is not meeting recommendations. Using accelerometry and global positioning systems (GPS) to accurately measure where people are active and to identify barriers and facilitators of activity across various settings will inform evidence-based policies and interventions to improve activity levels. Criteria for sufficient accelerometry data (e.g., number of days, minimum hours in a day) to accurately monitor free-living physical activity in adults and children have been widely studied, implemented, and reported by researchers. However, few best practice recommendations for researchers using GPS have been established. Therefore, this paper examined the impact of three co-wear criteria of varying stringency among a sample of children aged 10 to 16 years in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Overall and location-based physical activity was consistent across the samples even within sociodemographic subgroups. Despite the lack of significant subgroup-specific mean differences in physical activity across the three samples, associations between sociodemographics and weight status and physical activity were significantly different depending on the device time-matching "co-wear" criteria applied. These differences demonstrate the critical impact co-wear criteria may have on conclusions drawn from research examining health disparities. There is a need for additional research and understanding of ideal co-wear criteria that reduce bias and accurately estimate free-living location-based physical activity across diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura M. Kepper
- Prevention Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Amanda E. Staiano
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA; (A.E.S.); (S.T.B.)
| | - Stephanie T. Broyles
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA; (A.E.S.); (S.T.B.)
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23
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Peng W, Shi H, Li M, Li X, Liu T, Wang Y. Association of residential greenness with geriatric depression among the elderly covered by long-term care insurance in Shanghai. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:12054-12064. [PMID: 34561801 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16585-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Residential greenness exposure has been linked to a number of physical and mental disorders. Nevertheless, evidence on the association between greenness and geriatric depression was limited and focused on developed countries. This study was aimed to investigate whether the relationship between residential greenness exposure and geriatric depression exists among the elderly with long-term care insurance (LTCI) in Shanghai, China. In 2018, a total of 1066 LTCI elderly from a cross-sectional survey completed a questionnaire in Shanghai. Residential greenness indicators, including normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and soil-adjusted vegetation index (SAVI), were calculated from the Landsat 8 imagery data in different buffers (100-m, 300-m, and 500-m). Mediation analysis by perceived social support was conducted to explore potential mechanisms underlying the associations. In the fully adjusted model, one IQR increase of NDVI and SAVI in the 300-m buffer size was associated with an 11.9% (PR: 0.881, 95% CI: 0.795, 0.977) and 14.7% (PR: 0.853, 95% CI: 0.766, 0.949) lower prevalence of geriatric depression, respectively. Stronger association was observed in the elderly with lower education level, living in non-central area, and lower family monthly income. Perceived social support significantly mediated 40.4% of the total effect for NDVI 300-m buffer and 40.3% for SAVI 300-m buffer to the greenness-depression association, respectively. Our results indicate the importance of residential greenness exposure to geriatric depression, especially for the elderly with lower education level, living in non-central area, and lower family monthly income. Perceived social support might mediate the association. Well-designed longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm our findings and investigate the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Peng
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hengyuan Shi
- Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengying Li
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinghui Li
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Liu
- Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
- School of Public Health/Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
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24
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Pasanen S, Halonen JI, Gonzales-Inca C, Pentti J, Vahtera J, Kestens Y, Thierry B, Brondeel R, Leskinen T, Stenholm S. Changes in physical activity by context and residential greenness among recent retirees: Longitudinal GPS and accelerometer study. Health Place 2021; 73:102732. [PMID: 34915444 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2021.102732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the changes in accelerometer-measured physical activity by GPS-measured contexts among Finnish retirees (n = 45 (537 measurement days)) participating in a physical activity intervention. We also assessed whether residential greenness, measured with Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, moderated the changes. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) increased at home by 7 min/day, (P < 0.001) and during active travel by 5 min/day (P = 0.03). The participants with the highest vs. lowest greenness had 25 min/day greater increase in MVPA over the follow-up (P for Time*Greenness interaction = 0.04). In conclusion, retirees participating in the intervention increased their MVPA both at home and in active travel, and more so if they lived in a greener area.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pasanen
- University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Department of Public Health, Turku, Finland; University of Turku and Turku University Hospital; Centre for Population Health Research, Turku, Finland.
| | - J I Halonen
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Health Security, Helsinki, Finland
| | - C Gonzales-Inca
- University of Turku, Department of Geography and Geology, Turku, Finland
| | - J Pentti
- University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Department of Public Health, Turku, Finland; University of Turku and Turku University Hospital; Centre for Population Health Research, Turku, Finland; University of Helsinki, Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Vahtera
- University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Department of Public Health, Turku, Finland; University of Turku and Turku University Hospital; Centre for Population Health Research, Turku, Finland
| | - Y Kestens
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique (CReSP), Montreal, Canada
| | - B Thierry
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique (CReSP), Montreal, Canada
| | - R Brondeel
- Ghent University, Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Gent, Belgium
| | - T Leskinen
- University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Department of Public Health, Turku, Finland; University of Turku and Turku University Hospital; Centre for Population Health Research, Turku, Finland
| | - S Stenholm
- University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Department of Public Health, Turku, Finland; University of Turku and Turku University Hospital; Centre for Population Health Research, Turku, Finland
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25
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Zang P, Qiu H, Xian F, Zhou X, Ma S, Zhao Y. Research on the Difference Between Recreational Walking and Transport Walking Among the Elderly in Mega Cities With Different Density Zones: The Case of Guangzhou City. Front Public Health 2021; 9:775103. [PMID: 34869188 PMCID: PMC8636145 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.775103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Walking is the easiest method of physical activity for older people, and current research has demonstrated that the built environment is differently associated with recreational and transport walking. This study modelled the environmental characteristics of three different building density zones in Guangzhou city at low, medium, and high densities, and examined the differences in walking among older people in the three zones. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to investigate the recreational and transport walking time of older people aged 65 years and above for the past week, for a total of three density zones (N = 597) and was analysed as a dependent variable. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) was used to identify 300, 500, 800, and 1,000 m buffers and to assess differences between recreational and transport walking in terms of the built environment [e.g., land-use mix, street connectivity, Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data]. The data were processed and validated using the SPSS software to calculate Pearson's correlation models and stepwise regression models between recreation and transit walking and the built environment. The results found that land use mix and NDVI were positively correlated with transport walking in low-density areas and that transport walking was negatively correlated with roadway mediated centrality (BtE) and Point-of-Interest (PoI) density. Moreover, recreational walking in medium density areas was negatively correlated with self-rated health, road intersection density, and PoI density while positively correlated with educational attainment, population density, land use mix, street connectivity, PoIs density, and NDVI. Transport walking was negatively correlated with land-use mix, number of road crossings while positively correlated with commercial PoI density. Street connectivity, road intersection density, DNVI, and recreational walking in high-density areas showed negative correlations. Moreover, the built environment of older people in Guangzhou differed between recreational and transport walking at different densities. The richness of PoIs has different effects on different types of walking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zang
- Department of Architecture, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hualong Qiu
- Department of Architecture, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Xian
- Department of Architecture, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Architecture, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shifa Ma
- Department of Architecture, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yabo Zhao
- Department of Architecture, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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26
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Coleman CJ, Yeager RA, Riggs DW, Coleman NC, Garcia GR, Bhatnagar A, Pope CA. Greenness, air pollution, and mortality risk: A U.S. cohort study of cancer patients and survivors. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 157:106797. [PMID: 34332301 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies suggest that living in areas of high surrounding greenness may be associated with a lower cardiopulmonary mortality risk. However, associations of greenness with specific causes of death in cancer patients and survivors has not been examined and it is unknown whether this relationship is affected by area levels of fine particulate matter air pollution (PM2.5). This study evaluated associations between greenness and PM2.5 on causes of death in a large, U.S.-based cohort of cancer patients and survivors. METHODS Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) data were used to generate a cohort of 5,529,005 cancer patients and survivors from 2000 to 2016. Census-tract Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) during May-October from 2003 to 2016 was population-weighted to act as a county-level greenness measure. County-level PM2.5 exposure was estimated from annual concentrations averaged from 1999 to 2015. Cox Proportional Hazards models were used to estimate the association between greenness, PM2.5, and cause-specific mortality while controlling for age, sex, race, and other individual and county level variables. FINDINGS An IQR increase in greenness was associated with a decrease in cancer mortality for cancer patients (Hazard ratio of 0.94, 95% CI: 0.93-0.95), but not for cardiopulmonary mortality (0.98, 95% CI: 0.96-1.00). Inversely, an increase in 10 μg/m3 PM2.5 was associated with increased cardiopulmonary mortality (1.24, 95% CI: 1.19-1.29), but not cancer mortality (0.99, 95% CI: 0.97-1.00). Hazard ratios were robust to inclusion of PM2.5 in models with greenness and vice versa. Although exposure estimates were constant over most stratifications, greenness seemed to benefit individuals diagnosed with high survivability cancers (0.92, 95% CI: 0.90-0.95) more than those with low survivability cancers (0.98. 95% CI: 0.96-0.99). INTERPRETATION Higher levels of greenness are associated with lower cancer mortality in cancer patients. The evidence suggests minimal confounding between greenness and PM2.5 exposures and risk of mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carver J Coleman
- Department of Economics, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, United States
| | - Ray A Yeager
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, United States
| | - Daniel W Riggs
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, United States
| | - Nathan C Coleman
- Bates White LLC, 2001 K St NW, North, Tower Suite 500, Washington, DC 20006, United States
| | - George R Garcia
- Department of Economics, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, United States
| | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, United States
| | - C Arden Pope
- Department of Economics, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, United States.
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27
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Street life and pedestrian activities in smart cities: opportunities and challenges for computational urban science. COMPUTATIONAL URBAN SCIENCE 2021; 1:26. [PMID: 34870286 PMCID: PMC8626762 DOI: 10.1007/s43762-021-00024-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Ongoing efforts among cities to reinvigorate streets have encouraged innovations in using smart data to understand pedestrian activities. Empowered by advanced algorithms and computation power, data from smartphone applications, GPS devices, video cameras, and other forms of sensors can help better understand and promote street life and pedestrian activities. Through adopting a pedestrian-oriented and place-based approach, this paper reviews the major environmental components, pedestrian behavior, and sources of smart data in advancing this field of computational urban science. Responding to the identified research gap, a case study that hybridizes different smart data to understand pedestrian jaywalking as a reflection of urban spaces that need further improvement is presented. Finally, some major research challenges and directions are also highlighted.
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28
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Tamura K, Curlin K, Neally SJ, Vijayakumar NP, Mitchell VM, Collins BS, Gutierrez-Huerta C, Troendle JF, Baumer Y, Osei Baah F, Turner BS, Gray V, Tirado BA, Ortiz-Chaparro E, Berrigan D, Mehta NN, Vaccarino V, Zenk SN, Powell-Wiley TM. Geospatial Analysis of Neighborhood Environmental Stress in Relation to Biological Markers of Cardiovascular Health and Health Behaviors in Women: Protocol for a Pilot Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2021; 10:e29191. [PMID: 34292168 PMCID: PMC8367127 DOI: 10.2196/29191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Innovative analyses of cardiovascular (CV) risk markers and health behaviors linked to neighborhood stressors are essential to further elucidate the mechanisms by which adverse neighborhood social conditions lead to poor CV outcomes. We propose to objectively measure physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior, and neighborhood stress using accelerometers, GPS, and real-time perceived ecological momentary assessment via smartphone apps and to link these to biological measures in a sample of White and African American women in Washington, DC, neighborhoods. Objective The primary aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that living in adverse neighborhood social conditions is associated with higher stress-related neural activity among 60 healthy women living in high or low socioeconomic status neighborhoods in Washington, DC. Sub-aim 1 of this study is to test the hypothesis that the association is moderated by objectively measured PA using an accelerometer. A secondary objective is to test the hypothesis that residing in adverse neighborhood social environment conditions is related to differences in vascular function. Sub-aim 2 of this study is to test the hypothesis that the association is moderated by objectively measured PA. The third aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that adverse neighborhood social environment conditions are related to differences in immune system activation. Methods The proposed study will be cross-sectional, with a sample of at least 60 women (30 healthy White women and 30 healthy Black women) from Wards 3 and 5 in Washington, DC. A sample of the women (n=30) will be recruited from high-income areas in Ward 3 from census tracts within a 15% of Ward 3’s range for median household income. The other participants (n=30) will be recruited from low-income areas in Wards 5 from census tracts within a 15% of Ward 5’s range for median household income. Finally, participants from Wards 3 and 5 will be matched based on age, race, and BMI. Participants will wear a GPS unit and accelerometer and report their stress and mood in real time using a smartphone. We will then examine the associations between GPS-derived neighborhood variables, stress-related neural activity measures, and adverse biological markers. Results The National Institutes of Health Institutional Review Board has approved this study. Recruitment will begin in the summer of 2021. Conclusions Findings from this research could inform the development of multilevel behavioral interventions and policies to better manage environmental factors that promote immune system activation or psychosocial stress while concurrently working to increase PA, thereby influencing CV health. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/29191
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Tamura
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Kaveri Curlin
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Sam J Neally
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Nithya P Vijayakumar
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Valerie M Mitchell
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Billy S Collins
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Cristhian Gutierrez-Huerta
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - James F Troendle
- Office of Biostatistics Research, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Yvonne Baumer
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Foster Osei Baah
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Briana S Turner
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Veronica Gray
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Brian A Tirado
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Erika Ortiz-Chaparro
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - David Berrigan
- Health Behaviors Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Shady Grove, MD, United States
| | - Nehal N Mehta
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Viola Vaccarino
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Shannon N Zenk
- National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Tiffany M Powell-Wiley
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Boakye KA, Amram O, Schuna JM, Duncan GE, Hystad P. GPS-based built environment measures associated with adult physical activity. Health Place 2021; 70:102602. [PMID: 34139613 PMCID: PMC8328940 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2021.102602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Studies often rely on home locations to access built environment (BE) influences on physical activity (PA). We use GPS and accelerometer data collected for 288 individuals over a two-week period to examine eight GPS-derived BE characteristics and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and light-to-moderate-vigorous PA (LMVPA). NDVI, parks, blue space, pedestrian-orientated intersections, and population density were associated with increased odds of LMVPA and MVPA, while traffic air pollution and noise were associated with decreased odds of LMVPA and MVPA. Associations varied by population density and when accounting for multiple BE measures. These findings provide further information on where individuals choose to be physically active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwadwo A Boakye
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
| | - Ofer Amram
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Elson S. Floyd School of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, 99202, USA; Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA.
| | - John M Schuna
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
| | - Glen E Duncan
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Elson S. Floyd School of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, 99202, USA.
| | - Perry Hystad
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
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Yu Z, Wei F, Zhang X, Wu M, Lin H, Shui L, Jin M, Wang J, Tang M, Chen K. Air pollution, surrounding green, road proximity and Parkinson's disease: A prospective cohort study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 197:111170. [PMID: 33887274 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Though growing evidence has linked air pollution to Parkinson's disease (PD), the results remain inconsistent. Less is known about the relevance of road proximity and surrounding green. We aimed to investigate the individual and joint associations of air pollution, road proximity and surrounding green with the incidence of PD in a prospective cohort study. METHODS We used data from a prospective cohort of 47,516 participants recruited from July 2015 to January 2018 in Ningbo, China. Long-term exposure to particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) and ≤10 μm (PM10) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) estimated by land-use regression models, road proximity and surrounding green assessed by Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) were calculated based on the residential address for each participant. Cox proportional hazard models were used to analyze the individual and joint effects of air pollution, road proximity, and surrounding green on PD. RESULTS In single-exposure models, PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and road proximity was associated with increased risk of PD (e.g. Hazard Ratio (HR) = 1.51, 95%CI:1.02, 2.24 per interquartile range (IQR) increase for PM2.5) while surrounding green was associated with decreased risk of PD (e.g. HR = 0.80, 95%CI:0.65, 0.98 per IQR increase for NDVI in 300 m buffer). In two-exposure models, the associations of PM2.5 and surrounding green persisted while the associations of NO2 and road proximity attenuated towards unity. CONCLUSIONS We found that PM2.5 were associated with increased risk of incident PD while surrounding green was associated with decreased risk of PD. Future studies about PD etiology may benefit from including multiple environmental exposures to address potential joint associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhebin Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fang Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinhan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengyin Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongbo Lin
- The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Yinzhou District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liming Shui
- Health Commission of Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingjuan Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, And Cancer Institute of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianbing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, And National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengling Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, And Cancer Institute of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Summarise studies of outdoor green space exposure and brain health measures related to Alzheimer's disease and related disorders (ADRD), and determine scientific gaps for future research. DESIGN Rapid review of primary research studies. METHODS AND OUTCOMES PubMed, Embase and Web of Science Core Collection were searched for articles meeting the criteria published on/before 13 February 2020. The review excluded papers not in English, focused on transient states (eg, mental fatigue) or not using individual-level measures of brain health (eg, average school test scores). Brain health measures of interest included cognitive function, clinical diagnosis of cognitive impairment/dementia/ADRD and brain biomarkers such as those from MRI, measures typically associated with ADRD risk and disease progression. RESULTS Twenty-two papers were published from 2012 to 2020, 36% on <18 years old, 32% on 18-64 years old and 59% on ≥65 years old. Sixty-four per cent defined green space based on the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index ('greenness'/healthy vegetation) and 68% focused on cognitive measures of brain health (eg, memory). Seventeen studies (77%) found green space-brain health associations (14 positive, 4 inverse). Greater greenness/green space was positively associated various cognitive domains in 10 studies and with MRI outcomes (regional brain volumes, cortical thickness, amygdala integrity) in three studies. Greater neighbourhood greenness was associated with lower odds/risk of cognitive impairment/ADRD in some studies but increased odds/risk in others (n=4 studies). CONCLUSIONS Published studies suggest positive green space-brain health associations across the life course, but the methods and cohorts were limited and heterogeneous. Future research using racially/ethnically and geographically diverse cohorts, life course methods and more specific green space and brain health measures (eg, time spent in green spaces, ADRD biomarkers) will strengthen evidence for causal associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilah Besser
- Institute for Human Health and Disease Intervention, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
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32
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Jimenez MP, DeVille NV, Elliott EG, Schiff JE, Wilt GE, Hart JE, James P. Associations between Nature Exposure and Health: A Review of the Evidence. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094790. [PMID: 33946197 PMCID: PMC8125471 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
There is extensive empirical literature on the association between exposure to nature and health. In this narrative review, we discuss the strength of evidence from recent (i.e., the last decade) experimental and observational studies on nature exposure and health, highlighting research on children and youth where possible. We found evidence for associations between nature exposure and improved cognitive function, brain activity, blood pressure, mental health, physical activity, and sleep. Results from experimental studies provide evidence of protective effects of exposure to natural environments on mental health outcomes and cognitive function. Cross-sectional observational studies provide evidence of positive associations between nature exposure and increased levels of physical activity and decreased risk of cardiovascular disease, and longitudinal observational studies are beginning to assess long-term effects of nature exposure on depression, anxiety, cognitive function, and chronic disease. Limitations of current knowledge include inconsistent measures of exposure to nature, the impacts of the type and quality of green space, and health effects of duration and frequency of exposure. Future directions include incorporation of more rigorous study designs, investigation of the underlying mechanisms of the association between green space and health, advancement of exposure assessment, and evaluation of sensitive periods in the early life-course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia P. Jimenez
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
- Correspondence: (M.P.J.); (N.V.D.)
| | - Nicole V. DeVille
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (E.G.E.); (J.E.H.)
- Correspondence: (M.P.J.); (N.V.D.)
| | - Elise G. Elliott
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (E.G.E.); (J.E.H.)
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (J.E.S.); (G.E.W.)
| | - Jessica E. Schiff
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (J.E.S.); (G.E.W.)
| | - Grete E. Wilt
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (J.E.S.); (G.E.W.)
| | - Jaime E. Hart
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (E.G.E.); (J.E.H.)
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (J.E.S.); (G.E.W.)
| | - Peter James
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (E.G.E.); (J.E.H.)
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (J.E.S.); (G.E.W.)
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Holland I, DeVille NV, Browning MHEM, Buehler RM, Hart JE, Hipp JA, Mitchell R, Rakow DA, Schiff JE, White MP, Yin J, James P. Measuring Nature Contact: A Narrative Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18084092. [PMID: 33924490 PMCID: PMC8069863 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
While many studies suggest evidence for the health benefits of nature, there is currently no standardized method to measure time spent in nature or nature contact, nor agreement on how best to define nature contact in research. The purpose of this review is to summarize how nature contact has been measured in recent health research and provide insight into current metrics of exposure to nature at individual and population scales. The most common methods include surrounding greenness, questionnaires, and global positioning systems (GPS) tracking. Several national-level surveys exist, though these are limited by their cross-sectional design, often measuring only a single component of time spent in nature, and poor links to measures of health. In future research, exposure assessment combining the quantifying (e.g., time spent in nature and frequency of visits to nature) and qualifying (e.g., greenness by the normalized difference of vegetation index (NDVI) and ratings on perception by individuals) aspects of current methods and leveraging innovative methods (e.g., experience sampling methods, ecological momentary assessment) will provide a more comprehensive understanding of the health effects of nature exposure and inform health policy and urban planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Holland
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
- Correspondence: (I.H.); (N.V.D.)
| | - Nicole V. DeVille
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Correspondence: (I.H.); (N.V.D.)
| | | | - Ryan M. Buehler
- Division of Cancer Genetics and Prevention, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
| | - Jaime E. Hart
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (J.E.S.); (J.Y.); (P.J.)
| | - J. Aaron Hipp
- Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA;
- Center for Geospatial Analytics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Richard Mitchell
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G3 7HR, UK;
| | - Donald A. Rakow
- Section of Horticulture, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA;
| | - Jessica E. Schiff
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (J.E.S.); (J.Y.); (P.J.)
| | - Mathew P. White
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter, Cornwall TR1 3HD, UK;
- Urban and Environmental Psychology Group, University of Vienna, Vienna 1010, Austria
| | - Jie Yin
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (J.E.S.); (J.Y.); (P.J.)
- College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Peter James
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (J.E.S.); (J.Y.); (P.J.)
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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The Relationship between Nature Deprivation and Individual Wellbeing across Urban Gradients under COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041511. [PMID: 33562586 PMCID: PMC7915014 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Lockdown aiming at slowing COVID-19 transmission has altered nature accessibility patterns, creating quasi-experimental conditions to assess if retracted nature contact and perceived nature deprivation influence physical and emotional wellbeing. We measure through on-line survey methods (n = 529) how pandemic mandates limiting personal movement and outdoor nature access within the United States affect self-assessed nature exposure, perceived nature deprivation, and subsequent flourishing as measured by the Harvard Flourishing Index. Results indicate that perceived nature deprivation strongly associates with local nature contact, time in nature, and access to municipal nature during the pandemic, after controlling for lockdown mandates, job status, household composition, and sociodemographic variables. Our hypothesis is that individuals with strong perceived nature deprivation under COVID-19 leads to diminished wellbeing proved true. Interaction models of flourishing showed positive modification of nature affinity with age and qualitative modification of nature deprivation with race. Our results demonstrate the potential of local nature contact to support individual wellbeing in a background context of emotional distress and social isolation, important in guiding public health policies beyond pandemics.
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Mueller W, Wilkinson P, Milner J, Vardoulakis S, Steinle S, Pärkkä J, Parmes E, Cluitmans L, Kuijpers E, Pronk A, Sarigiannis D, Karakitsios S, Chapizanis D, Maggos T, Stamatelopoulou A, Loh M. Neighbourhood and path-based greenspace in three European countries: associations with objective physical activity. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:282. [PMID: 33541323 PMCID: PMC7860634 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10259-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Greenspace has been associated with health benefits in many contexts. An important pathway may be through outdoor physical activity. We use a novel approach to examine the link between greenspace microenvironments and outdoor physical activity levels in the HEALS study conducted in Edinburgh (UK), the Netherlands, and Athens and Thessaloniki (Greece). Methods Using physical activity tracker recordings, 118 HEALS participants with young children were classified with regard to daily minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA); 60 were classified with regard to the metabolic equivalent task (MET)-minutes for each of the 1014 active trips they made. Greenspace indicators were generated for Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), tree cover density (TCD), and green land use (GLU). We employed linear mixed-effects models to analyse (1) daily MVPA in relation to greenspace within 300 m and 1000 m of residential addresses and (2) trip MET-minutes in relation to average greenspace within a 50 m buffer of walking/cycling routes. Models were adjusted for activity, walkability, bluespace, age, sex, car ownership, dog ownership, season, weekday/weekend day, and local meteorology. Results There was no clear association between MVPA-minutes and any residential greenspace measure. For example, in fully adjusted models, a 10 percentage point increase in NDVI within 300 m of home was associated with a daily increase of 1.14 (95% CI − 0.41 to 2.70) minutes of MVPA. However, we did find evidence to indicate greenspace markers were positively linked to intensity and duration of activity: in fully adjusted models, 10 percentage point increases in trip NDVI, TCD, and GLU were associated with increases of 10.4 (95% CI: 4.43 to 16.4), 10.6 (95% CI: 4.96 to 16.3), and 3.36 (95% CI: 0.00 to 6.72) MET-minutes, respectively. The magnitude of associations with greenspace tended to be greater for cycling. Conclusions More strenuous or longer walking and cycling trips occurred in environments with more greenspace, but levels of residential greenspace did not have a clear link with outdoor MVPA. To build on our research, we suggest future work examine larger, more diverse populations and investigate the influence of greenspace for trip purpose and route preference. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-10259-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Mueller
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK. .,London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
| | - Paul Wilkinson
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - James Milner
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Sotiris Vardoulakis
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK.,National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | | | - Juha Pärkkä
- , VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland
| | - Eija Parmes
- , VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Thomas Maggos
- National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Athens, Greece
| | | | - Miranda Loh
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
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Puhakka S, Lankila T, Pyky R, Kärmeniemi M, Niemelä M, Kangas K, Rusanen J, Kangas M, Näyhä S, Korpelainen R. Satellite Imaging-Based Residential Greenness and Accelerometry Measured Physical Activity at Midlife-Population-Based Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E9202. [PMID: 33317103 PMCID: PMC7763678 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, the importance of light physical activity (LPA) for health has been emphasized, and residential greenness has been positively linked to the level of LPA and a variety of positive health outcomes. However, people spend less time in green environments because of urbanization and modern sedentary leisure activities. AIMS In this population-based study, we investigated the association between objectively measured residential greenness and accelerometry measured physical activity (PA), with a special interest in LPA and gender differences. METHODS The study was based on the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (5433 members). Participants filled in a postal questionnaire and underwent clinical examinations and wore a continuous measurement of PA with wrist-worn Polar Active Activity Monitor accelerometers for two weeks. The volume of PA (metabolic equivalent of task or MET) was used to describe the participant's total daily activity (light: 2-3.49 MET; moderate: 3.5-4.99 MET; vigorous: 5-7.99 MET; very vigorous: ≥8 MET). A geographic information system (GIS) was used to assess the features of each individual's residential environment. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was used for the objective quantification of residential greenness. Multiple linear regression and a generalized additive model (GAM) were used to analyze the association between residential greenness and the amount of PA at different intensity levels. RESULTS Residential greenness (NDVI) was independently associated with LPA (unadjusted β = 174; CI = 140, 209) and moderate physical activity (MPA) (unadjusted β = 75; CI = 48, 101). In the adjusted model, residential greenness was positively and significantly associated with LPA (adjusted β = 70; CI = 26, 114). In men, residential greenness was positively and significantly associated with LPA (unadjusted β = 224; CI = 173, 275), MPA (unadjusted β = 75; CI = 48, 101), and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (unadjusted β = 89; CI = 25, 152). In women, residential greenness was positively related to LPA (unadjusted β = 142; CI = 96, 188) and inversely associated with MPA (unadjusted β = -22; CI = -36, -8), vigorous/very vigorous physical activity (VPA/VVPA) (unadjusted β = -49; CI = -84, -14), and MVPA (unadjusted β = -71; CI = -113, -29). In the final adjusted models, residential greenness was significantly associated only with the amount of LPA in men (adjusted β = 140; CI = 75, 204). CONCLUSIONS Residential greenness was positively associated with LPA in both genders, but the association remained significant after adjustments only in men. Residential greenness may provide a supportive environment for promoting LPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soile Puhakka
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr, PO Box 365, 90100 Oulu, Finland; (T.L.); (R.P.); (M.K.); (K.K.); (M.K.); (R.K.)
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, PO Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- The Geography Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, PO Box 3000, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
| | - Tiina Lankila
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr, PO Box 365, 90100 Oulu, Finland; (T.L.); (R.P.); (M.K.); (K.K.); (M.K.); (R.K.)
- The Geography Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, PO Box 3000, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
| | - Riitta Pyky
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr, PO Box 365, 90100 Oulu, Finland; (T.L.); (R.P.); (M.K.); (K.K.); (M.K.); (R.K.)
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, PO Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics, and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, PO Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
| | - Mikko Kärmeniemi
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr, PO Box 365, 90100 Oulu, Finland; (T.L.); (R.P.); (M.K.); (K.K.); (M.K.); (R.K.)
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, PO Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Maisa Niemelä
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics, and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, PO Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
| | - Katja Kangas
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr, PO Box 365, 90100 Oulu, Finland; (T.L.); (R.P.); (M.K.); (K.K.); (M.K.); (R.K.)
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Economics and Society, University of Oulu, PO Box 413, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Jarmo Rusanen
- The Geography Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, PO Box 3000, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
| | - Maarit Kangas
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr, PO Box 365, 90100 Oulu, Finland; (T.L.); (R.P.); (M.K.); (K.K.); (M.K.); (R.K.)
| | - Simo Näyhä
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research, University of Oulu, PO Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
| | - Raija Korpelainen
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr, PO Box 365, 90100 Oulu, Finland; (T.L.); (R.P.); (M.K.); (K.K.); (M.K.); (R.K.)
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, PO Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, PO Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
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Peng W, Jiang M, Shi H, Li X, Liu T, Li M, Jia X, Wang Y. Cross-sectional association of residential greenness exposure with activities of daily living disability among urban elderly in Shanghai. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2020; 230:113620. [PMID: 32950769 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM Residential greenness exposure is associated with many health outcomes, including obesity, cardiovascular disease, and mental disorders. However, few studies have assessed the effects of greenness exposure on activities of daily living (ADL). This study evaluated the relationship between greenness and ADL among elderly residents with long-term care insurance (LTCI) in Shanghai, China. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey using stratified random sampling among elderly residents with LTCI in six districts of Shanghai in August 2018. We quantitatively assessed residential greenness using satellite-derived normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values with 250-, 500-, and 1000-m buffers around each participant's residential address. We calculated the walk score to assess neighborhood walkability. Physical function was assessed using basic ADL (BADL) and instrumental ADL (IADL). We performed binary logistic regression and restricted cubic splines with R software. RESULTS The study participants were 1067 adults with a mean age of 82.40 years (standard deviation, 7.68 years). The mean NDVI value was 0.311. In the fully adjusted model, being in the highest-tertile NDVI500-m had a significant protective effect on BADL mild to none disability (odds ratio, 2.143; 95% confidence interval, 1.489-3.084) compared with participants in the lowest-tertile NDVI500-m. Restricted cubic spline showed a non-linearity association between NDVI values and BADL and IADL mild to none disability. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate the importance of residential greenness exposure to physical function-especially for BADL disability. Well-designed longitudinal studies are needed to confirm our findings and investigate the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Peng
- Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Man Jiang
- Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hengyuan Shi
- Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Xinghui Li
- School of Public Health/Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Mengying Li
- School of Public Health/Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianjie Jia
- Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Public Health/Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Zhu A, Zeng Y, Ji JS. Residential Greenness Alters Serum 25(OH)D Concentrations: A Longitudinal Cohort of Chinese Older Adults. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2020; 21:1968-1972.e2. [PMID: 32605814 PMCID: PMC7723982 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent among older adults. We aimed to study whether residential greenness could alter serum 25(OH)D concentrations as a possible mechanism of residential greenness's positive health effects. Design A longitudinal cohort study. Setting and Participants We included older adults aged ≥65 years from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) with follow-up between 2012 and 2014. Methods We measured residential greenness by calculating annual average Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in a 500 m radius by using satellite images around each participant's residential address. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration was dichotomized into 2 categories: nondeficiency (≥50 nmol/L) and deficiency (<50 nmol/L). We used the generalized estimating equation to examine the relationship between annual average NDVI and serum 25(OH)D. Results We included 1336 participants in our analysis. The annual average NDVI was 0.49, and mean serum 25(OH)D was 43 nmol/L at baseline. Each 0.1-unit increase in annual average NDVI was associated with a 13% higher odds of vitamin D nondeficiency [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01, 1.26]. The association was stronger among men [odds ratio (OR): 1.17, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.35] than women (OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.91, 1.29) and also stronger among those who were free of activities of daily living (ADL) disability at baseline (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.25). During the follow-up period, the participants who lived in greener areas were more likely to have an improved, rather than stable or deteriorated, vitamin D status (OR: 1.94, 95% CI: 1.51, 2.51). Conclusions and Implications Our study suggests that higher levels of residential greenness are associated with higher serum 25(OH)D concentrations, which has implications for prevention of vitamin D deficiency among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zhu
- Environmental Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke Medical School, Durham, NC, USA; Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - John S Ji
- Environmental Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China; Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
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Socio-ecological correlates of physical activity in breast and colon cancer survivors 4 years after participation in a randomized controlled exercise trial (PACT study). PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231663. [PMID: 32298326 PMCID: PMC7161977 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Having a physically active lifestyle after cancer diagnosis is beneficial for health, and this needs to be continued into survivorship to optimize long-term benefits. We found that patients, who participated in an 18-week exercise intervention, reported significant higher physical activity (PA) levels 4 years after participation in a randomized controlled trial of supervised exercise delivered during chemotherapy (PACT study). This study aimed to identify social-ecological correlates of PA levels in breast and colon cancer survivors 4 years after participation in the PACT study. Methods Self-reported PA levels and potential correlates (e.g. physical fitness, fatigue, exercise history, and built environment) were assessed in 127 breast and colon cancer survivors shortly after diagnosis (baseline), post-intervention and 4 years later. Multivariable linear regression analyses were performed to identify social-ecological correlates of PA 4 years post-baseline. Results The final model revealed that lower baseline physical fatigue (β = -0.25, 95% CI -0.26; -0.24) and higher baseline total PA (0.06, 95% CI, 0.03; 0.10) were correlated with higher total PA levels 4 years post-baseline. Higher baseline leisure and sport PA (0.02, 95% CI 0.01; 0.03), more recreational facilities within a buffer of 1 km (4.05, 95% CI = 1.28; 6.83), lower physical fatigue at 4-year follow-up (-8.07, 95% CI -14.00; -2.13), and having a positive change in physical fatigue during the intervention period (0.04, 95% CI 0.001; 0.07) were correlates of sport and leisure PA levels 4 years post-baseline. Conclusions This study suggests that baseline and 4-year post-baseline physical fatigue, and past exercise behaviour, were significant correlates of PA 4 years after participation in an exercise trial. Additionally, this study suggests that the built environment should be taken into account when promoting PA. Understanding of socio-ecological correlates of PA can provide insights into how future exercise interventions should be designed to promote long-term exercise behaviour. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN43801571, Dutch Trial Register NTR2138. Trial registered on 9 December 2009, http://www.trialregister.nl/trialreg/admin/rctview.asp?TC=2138
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The association between neighborhood greenness and incidence of lethal prostate cancer: A prospective cohort study. Environ Epidemiol 2020; 4:e091. [PMID: 32656487 PMCID: PMC7319229 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Growing evidence suggests that neighborhood contextual environment could influence risk factors and, therefore, incidence of lethal prostate cancer. We studied the association between neighborhood greenness and lethal prostate cancer incidence and assessed mediation by vigorous physical activity.
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Tsai WL, Silva RA, Nash MS, Cochran FV, Prince SE, Rosenbaum DJ, D'Aloisio AA, Jackson LE, Mehaffey MH, Neale AC, Sandler DP, Buckley TJ. How do natural features in the residential environment influence women's self-reported general health? Results from cross-sectional analyses of a U.S. national cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 183:109176. [PMID: 32311902 PMCID: PMC7255623 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between health and human interaction with nature is complex. Here we conduct analyses to provide insights into potential health benefits related to residential proximity to nature. OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine associations between measures of residential nature and self-reported general health (SRGH), and to explore mediation roles of behavioral, social, and air quality factors, and variations in these relationships by urbanicity and regional climate. METHODS Using residential addresses for 41,127 women from the Sister Study, a U.S.-based national cohort, we derived two nature exposure metrics, canopy and non-gray cover, using Percent Tree Canopy and Percent Developed Imperviousness from the National Land Cover Database. Residential circular buffers of 250 m and 1250 m were considered. Gradient boosted regression trees were used to model the effects of nature exposure on the odds of reporting better SRGH (Excellent/Very Good versus the referent, Good/Fair/Poor). Analyses stratified by urbanicity and regional climate (arid, continental, temperate) and mediation by physical activity, social support, and air quality were conducted. RESULTS A 10% increase in canopy and non-gray cover within 1250 m buffer was associated with 1.02 (95% CI: 1.00-1.03) and 1.03 (95% CI: 1.01-1.04) times the odds of reporting better SRGH, respectively. Stronger associations were observed for the urban group and for continental climate relative to other strata. Social support and physical activity played a more significant mediation role than air quality for the full study population. DISCUSSION Findings from this study identified a small but important beneficial association between residential nature and general health. These findings could inform community planning and investments in neighborhood nature for targeted health improvements and potential societal and environmental co-benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Lun Tsai
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Raquel A Silva
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Research Fellow, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA; Currently at ICF, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Maliha S Nash
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Newport, OR, USA
| | - Ferdouz V Cochran
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Research Fellow, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA; Currently at Carolinas Integrated Sciences & Assessments (CISA), Department of Geography, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Steven E Prince
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Daniel J Rosenbaum
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Research Fellow, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Laura E Jackson
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Megan H Mehaffey
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Anne C Neale
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Dale P Sandler
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Timothy J Buckley
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
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Buregeya JM, Loignon C, Brousselle A. Contribution analysis to analyze the effects of the health impact assessment at the local level: A case of urban revitalization. EVALUATION AND PROGRAM PLANNING 2020; 79:101746. [PMID: 31835151 DOI: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2019.101746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The health impact assessment (HIA) is a tool used to estimate the potential impact on health of non-health-related proposals prior to implementation. While it is increasingly used in Quebec, Canada, studies have not analyzed its medium-term impacts and potential long-term impacts. We conducted a contribution analysis using in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, as well as documents, observation and images related to HIA in order to analyze its impacts on the revitalization of road infrastructure, parks and green spaces, and residential housing. Our analysis not only reflects on the decision-making process through the adoption and implementation of HIA recommendations, but also on the link between actions implemented in the field and health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Marie Buregeya
- Université de Sherbrooke, Centre de recherche Charles-Le Moyne-Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean sur les innovations en santé, Canada.
| | - Christine Loignon
- Université de Sherbrooke, Centre de recherche Charles-Le Moyne-Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean sur les innovations en santé, Canada
| | - Astrid Brousselle
- Université de Sherbrooke, Centre de recherche Charles-Le Moyne-Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean sur les innovations en santé, Canada
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Fore R, Hart JE, Choirat C, Thompson JW, Lynch K, Laden F, Chavarro JE, James P. Embedding Mobile Health Technology into the Nurses' Health Study 3 to Study Behavioral Risk Factors for Cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:736-743. [PMID: 32098894 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-19-1386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity and sleep are behavioral risk factors for cancer that may be influenced by environmental exposures, including built and natural environments. However, many studies in this area are limited by residence-based exposure assessment and/or self-reported, time-aggregated measures of behavior. METHODS The Nurses' Health Study 3 (NHS3) Mobile Health Substudy is a pilot study of 500 participants in the prospective NHS3 cohort who use a smartphone application and a Fitbit for seven-day periods, four times over a year, to measure minute-level location, physical activity, heart rate, and sleep. RESULTS We have collected data on 435 participants, comprising over 6 million participant-minutes of heart rate, step, sleep, and location. Over 90% of participants had five days of ≥600 minutes of Fitbit wear-time in their first sampling week, and this percentage dropped to 70% for weeks 2 to 4. Over 819 sampling weeks, we observed an average of 7,581 minutes of heart rate and step data [interquartile range (IQR): 6,651-9,645] per participant-week, and >2 million minutes of sleep in over 5,700 sleep bouts. We have recorded location data for 5,237 unique participant-days, averaging 104 location observations per participant-day (IQR: 103-107). CONCLUSIONS This study describes a protocol to incorporate mobile health technology into a nationwide prospective cohort to measure high-resolution objective data on environment and behavior. IMPACT This project could provide translational insights into interventions for urban planning to optimize opportunities for physical activity and healthy sleep patterns to reduce cancer risk.See all articles in this CEBP Focus section, "Modernizing Population Science."
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruby Fore
- Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jaime E Hart
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Jennifer W Thompson
- Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kathleen Lynch
- Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Francine Laden
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jorge E Chavarro
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Peter James
- Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts. .,Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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Loder AKF, van Poppel MNM. Sedentariness of College Students Is Negatively Associated with Perceived Neighborhood Greenness at Home, but Not at University. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 17:ijerph17010235. [PMID: 31905658 PMCID: PMC6982286 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17010235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies reported contradictory evidence for associations between perceived greenness and obesity mediated by physical activity, focusing on people’s homes or general greenness. Data are lacking in other environments. We studied the association of perceived greenness at home and at university with BMI and physical activity. An online survey collected data from 601 participants, living and studying in and around the city of Graz, Austria; mean age of 24 years. Greenness was assessed using questions on quality of and access to green space; Body mass index (BMI) was derived from self-reported measures; physical activity and sedentariness were measured using the IPAQ questionnaire (short version). On average, BMI was 22.6 (SD = 3.7), physical activity was 63.3 (SD = 51.7) METh/week, and participants spent 5.8 (SD = 4.0) h/day sitting. Regression analyses revealed no associations between perceived greenness and BMI and physical activity for all environments, but a negative association for sedentariness and perceived greenness at home, but not at university. The results indicate a relation between perceived greenness and sedentariness, which differs for the home-and study environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Karl Ferdinand Loder
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Graz & Staff Department Quality Management, University of Music and Performing Arts Graz, Graz 8010, Austria
- Correspondence:
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Lambert KA, Lodge C, Lowe AJ, Prendergast LA, Thomas PS, Bennett CM, Abramson MJ, Dharmage SC, Erbas B. Pollen exposure at birth and adolescent lung function, and modification by residential greenness. Allergy 2019; 74:1977-1984. [PMID: 30934123 DOI: 10.1111/all.13803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to high levels of pollen in infancy is a risk factor for allergic respiratory diseases in later childhood, but effects on lung function are not fully understood. We aim to examine associations between grass pollen exposure in the first months of life and lung function at 12 and 18 years, and explore potential modification. METHODS Using the Melbourne Atopy Cohort Study, a birth cohort of children with a family history of allergic diseases, we modeled the association between cumulative grass pollen exposure up to 3 months after birth, on FEV1 , FVC, and FEV1 /FVC ratio at 12 and 18 years. We also assessed modifying effects of residential greenness levels (derived from satellite imagery), asthma, and early life sensitization to ryegrass. RESULTS Grass pollen exposure in the first 7 days was associated with a reduction in FEV1 (-15.5 mL; 95% CI: -27.6, -3.3 per doubling of pollen count) and FVC (-20.8 mL; -35.4, -6.1) at 12 years, but not at 18 years. Increase in cumulative grass pollen exposure up to 3 months was negatively associated with FVC at 12 and 18. Exposure to high residential greenness modified the association at 18 years. CONCLUSION Early exposure to grass pollen was associated with decreased lung function in children and adolescents. Targeted interventions for pollen avoidance strategies that take into account local topography could be implemented alongside other clinical interventions such as immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina A. Lambert
- Department of Public Health, School of Psychology and Public Health La Trobe University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Caroline Lodge
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Adrian J. Lowe
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Luke A. Prendergast
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, School of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences La Trobe University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Paul S. Thomas
- Prince of Wales' Hospital Clinical School and School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Catherine M. Bennett
- Centre for Population Health Research Deakin University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Michael J. Abramson
- School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Shyamali C. Dharmage
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Bircan Erbas
- Department of Public Health, School of Psychology and Public Health La Trobe University Melbourne Victoria Australia
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Tamura K, Wilson JS, Goldfeld K, Puett RC, Klenosky DB, Harper WA, Troped PJ. Accelerometer and GPS Data to Analyze Built Environments and Physical Activity. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2019; 90:395-402. [PMID: 31199713 PMCID: PMC6701185 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2019.1609649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Most built environment studies have quantified characteristics of the areas around participants' homes. However, the environmental exposures for physical activity (PA) are spatially dynamic rather than static. Thus, merged accelerometer and global positioning system (GPS) data were utilized to estimate associations between the built environment and PA among adults. Methods: Participants (N = 142) were recruited on trails in Massachusetts and wore an accelerometer and GPS unit for 1-4 days. Two binary outcomes were created: moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA vs. light PA-to-sedentary); and light-to-vigorous PA (LVPA vs. sedentary). Five built environment variables were created within 50-meter buffers around GPS points: population density, street density, land use mix (LUM), greenness, and walkability index. Generalized linear mixed models were fit to examine associations between environmental variables and both outcomes, adjusting for demographic covariates. Results: Overall, in the fully adjusted models, greenness was positively associated with MVPA and LVPA (odds ratios [ORs] = 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03, 1.30 and 1.25, 95% CI = 1.12, 1.41, respectively). In contrast, street density and LUM were negatively associated with MVPA (ORs = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.67, 0.71 and 0.87, 95% CI = 0.78, 0.97, respectively) and LVPA (ORs = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.77, 0.81 and 0.81, 95% CI = 0.74, 0.90, respectively). Negative associations of population density and walkability with both outcomes reached statistical significance, yet the effect sizes were small. Conclusions: Concurrent monitoring of activity with accelerometers and GPS units allowed us to investigate relationships between objectively measured built environment around GPS points and minute-by-minute PA. Negative relationships between street density and LUM and PA contrast evidence from most built environment studies in adults. However, direct comparisons should be made with caution since most previous studies have focused on spatially fixed buffers around home locations, rather than the precise locations where PA occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Tamura
- Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jeffrey S. Wilson
- Department of Geography, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Keith Goldfeld
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Robin C. Puett
- Maryland Institute of Applied Environmental Health, School of Public Heath, University of Maryland, College Park, MD
| | - David B. Klenosky
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - William A. Harper
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Philip J. Troped
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA
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Zhu A, Wu C, Yan LL, Wu CD, Bai C, Shi X, Zeng Y, Ji JS. Association between residential greenness and cognitive function: analysis of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. BMJ Nutr Prev Health 2019; 2:72-79. [PMID: 33235960 PMCID: PMC7664503 DOI: 10.1136/bmjnph-2019-000030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Proximity to vegetated green space has been linked to better physical and mental health. However, the relationship between residential greenness and cognitive function and its decline among older adults is not clear in large cohort studies. METHODS Our study used the 2000, 2002, 2005, 2008 and 2011 wave of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. We calculated the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) using a 500 m radius around participants' residential addresses. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was applied to measure cognitive function. Our study included the cross-sectional analysis using the linear regression, and logistical regression, and also the longitudinal analysis using the linear mixed effects regression, and mixed effects logistic regression. Our study also conducted a sensitivity analysis using the survey-weighted regression. Additionally, our study participants were categorised into those living in areas of positive and negative changes in NDVI in relation to MMSE. All regression models were adjusted for a range of covariates. RESULTS Among 38 327 participants at baseline, the mean MMSE score was 21. Annual average NDVI ranged from -0.11 to 0.76. In the cross-sectional analysis, each 0.1-unit increase in NDVI was associated with a 0.23-point increase in MMSE score (95% CI 0.16 to 0.29) in the linear regression, and an OR of 0.94 (95% CI 0.92 to 0.96) of having cognition impairment in the logistic regression. In the second analysis, looking at changes in NDVI and MMSE score, compared with the participants living in areas with an increase in NDVI, those living in areas with a decrease in greenness had an OR of 1.25 (95% CI 1.18 to 1.34) of a decrease in MMSE, and an OR of 0.90 (95% CI 0.84 to 0.96) of an increase in MMSE. In the longitudinal analysis, we found a significantly weak association (coefficient 0.069, 95% CI 0.0048 to 0.13) in the linear mixed effects regression, but not in the mixed effects logistic regression. CONCLUSION We found evidence of an association between higher residential greenness and better cognitive function among older adults. Our finding provides insight into neurodegeneration and has implications for preventing dementia and Alzheimer's disease in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zhu
- Environmental Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China
| | - Chenkai Wu
- Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China
| | - Lijing L Yan
- Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China
| | - Chih-Da Wu
- Department of Geomatics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chen Bai
- Department of Social Security, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoming Shi
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, and Raissun Institute for Advanced Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - John S Ji
- Environmental Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, United States
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Donaire-Gonzalez D, Curto A, Valentín A, Andrusaityte S, Basagaña X, Casas M, Chatzi L, de Bont J, de Castro M, Dedele A, Granum B, Grazuleviciene R, Kampouri M, Lyon-Caen S, Manzano-Salgado CB, Aasvang GM, McEachan R, Meinhard-Kjellstad CH, Michalaki E, Pañella P, Petraviciene I, Schwarze PE, Slama R, Robinson O, Tamayo-Uria I, Vafeiadi M, Waiblinger D, Wright J, Vrijheid M, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ. Personal assessment of the external exposome during pregnancy and childhood in Europe. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 174:95-104. [PMID: 31055170 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The human exposome affects child development and health later in life, but its personal external levels, variability, and correlations are largely unknown. We characterized the personal external exposome of pregnant women and children in eight European cities. Panel studies included 167 pregnant women and 183 children (aged 6-11 years). A personal exposure monitoring kit composed of smartphone, accelerometer, ultraviolet (UV) dosimeter, and two air pollution monitors were used to monitor physical activity (PA), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), black carbon, traffic-related noise, UV-B radiation, and natural outdoor environments (NOE). 77% of women performed the adult recommendation of ≥150 min/week of moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA), while only 3% of children achieved the childhood recommendation of ≥60 min/day MVPA. 11% of women and 17% of children were exposed to daily PM2.5 levels higher than recommended (≥25μg/m3). Mean exposure to noise ranged from Lden 51.1 dB in Kaunas to Lden 65.2 dB in Barcelona. 4% of women and 23% of children exceeded the recommended maximum of 2 Standard-Erythemal-Dose of UV-B at least once a week. 33% of women and 43% of children never reached the minimum NOE contact recommendation of ≥30 min/week. The variations in air and noise pollution exposure were dominated by between-city variability, while most of the variation observed for NOE contact and PA was between-participants. The correlations between all personal exposures ranged from very low to low (Rho < 0.30). The levels of personal external exposures in both pregnant women and children are above the health recommendations, and there is little correlation between the different exposures. The assessment of the personal external exposome is feasible but sampling requires from one day to more than one year depending on exposure due to high variability between and within cities and participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Donaire-Gonzalez
- ISGlobal, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Barcelona, Spain; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ariadna Curto
- ISGlobal, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antònia Valentín
- ISGlobal, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Andrusaityte
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Xavier Basagaña
- ISGlobal, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maribel Casas
- ISGlobal, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA; Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen de Bont
- ISGlobal, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat de Castro
- ISGlobal, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Audrius Dedele
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Berit Granum
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH), Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Sarah Lyon-Caen
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), CNRS, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), U1209, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Grenoble, La Tronche, France
| | | | | | - Rosemary McEachan
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (BTHFT), Bradford, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Pau Pañella
- ISGlobal, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inga Petraviciene
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Per E Schwarze
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH), Oslo, Norway
| | - Rémy Slama
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), CNRS, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), U1209, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Grenoble, La Tronche, France
| | - Oliver Robinson
- ISGlobal, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Barcelona, Spain; MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Ibon Tamayo-Uria
- ISGlobal, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra and "Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdISNA)", Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Dagmar Waiblinger
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (BTHFT), Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - John Wright
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (BTHFT), Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mark J Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Barcelona, Spain; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia.
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Gough C, Weber H, George S, Maeder A, Lewis L. Location monitoring of physical activity and participation in community dwelling older people: a scoping review. Disabil Rehabil 2019; 43:270-283. [PMID: 31131649 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2019.1618928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background: Community participation and physical activity are important for the health of older adults. This review aimed to identify studies which have measured physical activity and community participation in older adults using Global positioning systems.Materials and methods: This scoping review searched key databases using predetermined subject headings and keywords. Two independent reviewers selected studies based on a systematic procedure following current guidelines. Inclusion criteria for studies were: participants aged over 50 years living independently in the community that reported on physical activity and/or participation inclusive of physical and social activity, and including a quantitative measure of location. All searches were limited to English. The primary review question was; "What studies have monitored the location of physical activity in an older population?" with secondary enquiries investigating the types of global positioning system devices, barriers and facilitators for activity and community participation.Results: The search returned 3723 articles (following duplicate removal) and 45 met the inclusion criteria. Studies from 12 countries published over a 12-year period were included. Participants were mainly healthy (n = 23) followed by having a cognitive impairment (n = 10). There were 14 different global positioning system devices used, assessing a variety of outcomes (n = 24). Seventeen studies identified facilitators and barriers to participation and physical activity in an older population. The most common facilitators were safety, weather and access to multi-purpose facilities. The most common barriers were weather, safety, low income/high deprivation areas and use of motor vehicles.Conclusion: This scoping review identified a variety of locational monitoring of older people using global positioning devices. Global positioning systems are a valuable tool to obtain accurate activity locations of older people. There is a need for clear guidelines regarding the use of global positioning system devices and specified outcomes in primary research to enable comparison across studies.Implications for rehabilitationPhysical activity and community participation are vital for healthy ageing.The environment can act as a facilitator or barrier to physical activity and community participation for older adults.Interventions need to target facilitators (weather, safety, facility access and social components) to maximize physical activity and community participation in older people.Interventions should be designed to reduce the barriers (weather, safety, low income and motor vehicle dependency) that prevent older adults from actively participating in their community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Gough
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Heather Weber
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stacey George
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Anthony Maeder
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Lucy Lewis
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
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50
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Jia P, Stein A, James P, Brownson RC, Wu T, Xiao Q, Wang L, Sabel CE, Wang Y. Earth Observation: Investigating Noncommunicable Diseases from Space. Annu Rev Public Health 2019; 40:85-104. [PMID: 30633713 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-040218-043807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The United Nations has called on all nations to take immediate actions to fight noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), which have become an increasingly significant burden to public health systems around the world. NCDs tend to be more common in developed countries but are also becoming of growing concern in low- and middle-income countries. Earth observation (EO) technologies have been used in many infectious disease studies but have been less commonly employed in NCD studies. This review discusses the roles that EO data and technologies can play in NCD research, including ( a) integrating natural and built environment factors into NCD research, ( b) explaining individual-environment interactions, ( c) scaling up local studies and interventions, ( d) providing repeated measurements for longitudinal studies including cohorts, and ( e) advancing methodologies in NCD research. Such extensions hold great potential for overcoming the challenges of inaccurate and infrequent measurements of environmental exposure at the level of both the individual and the population, which is of great importance to NCD research, practice, and policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Jia
- Department of Earth Observation Science, Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, 7514 AE Enschede, The Netherlands; .,International Initiative on Spatial Lifecourse Epidemiology (ISLE), 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Alfred Stein
- Department of Earth Observation Science, Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, 7514 AE Enschede, The Netherlands;
| | - Peter James
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Ross C Brownson
- Prevention Research Center in St. Louis, Brown School; Department of Surgery and Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - Tong Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-4701, USA
| | - Qian Xiao
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1111, USA
| | - Limin Wang
- National Center for Chronic and Non-Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Clive E Sabel
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.,Danish Big Data Centre for Environment and Health (BERTHA), DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Youfa Wang
- Global Health Institute; and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
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