1
|
Kowalewski A, Borowczak J, Maniewski M, Gostomczyk K, Grzanka D, Szylberg Ł. Targeting apoptosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116805. [PMID: 38781868 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most prevalent subtype of renal cancer, accounting for approximately 80% of all renal cell cancers. Due to its exceptional inter- and intratumor heterogeneity, it is highly resistant to conventional systemic therapies. Targeting the evasion of cell death, one of cancer's hallmarks, is currently emerging as an alternative strategy for ccRCC. In this article, we review the current state of apoptosis-inducing therapies against ccRCC, including antisense oligonucleotides, BH3 mimetics, histone deacetylase inhibitors, cyclin-kinase inhibitors, inhibitors of apoptosis protein antagonists, and monoclonal antibodies. Although preclinical studies have shown encouraging results, these compounds fail to improve patients' outcomes significantly. Current evidence suggests that inducing apoptosis in ccRCC may promote tumor progression through apoptosis-induced proliferation, anastasis, and apoptosis-induced nuclear expulsion. Therefore, re-evaluating this approach is expected to enable successful preclinical-to-clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Kowalewski
- Department of Tumor Pathology and Pathomorphology, Oncology Centre Prof. Franciszek Łukaszczyk Memorial Hospital, Bydgoszcz 85-796, Poland; Center of Medical Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Bydgoszcz 85-796, Poland.
| | - Jędrzej Borowczak
- Clinical Department of Oncology, Oncology Centre Prof. Franciszek Łukaszczyk Memorial Hospital, Bydgoszcz 85-796, Poland
| | - Mateusz Maniewski
- Department of Tumor Pathology and Pathomorphology, Oncology Centre Prof. Franciszek Łukaszczyk Memorial Hospital, Bydgoszcz 85-796, Poland; Doctoral School of Medical and Health Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz 85-094, Poland
| | - Karol Gostomczyk
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Oncology, Chair of Pathomorphology and Clinical Placentology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz 85-094, Poland
| | - Dariusz Grzanka
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz 85-094, Poland
| | - Łukasz Szylberg
- Department of Tumor Pathology and Pathomorphology, Oncology Centre Prof. Franciszek Łukaszczyk Memorial Hospital, Bydgoszcz 85-796, Poland; Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Oncology, Chair of Pathomorphology and Clinical Placentology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz 85-094, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kwon SJ, Khan MS, Kim SG. Intestinal Inflammation and Regeneration-Interdigitating Processes Controlled by Dietary Lipids in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1311. [PMID: 38279309 PMCID: PMC10816399 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is a disease of chronic inflammatory conditions of the intestinal tract due to disturbance of the inflammation and immune system. Symptoms of IBD include abdominal pain, diarrhea, bleeding, reduced weight, and fatigue. In IBD, the immune system attacks the intestinal tract's inner wall, causing chronic inflammation and tissue damage. In particular, interlukin-6 and interlukin-17 act on immune cells, including T cells and macrophages, to amplify the immune responses so that tissue damage and morphological changes occur. Of note, excessive calorie intake and obesity also affect the immune system due to inflammation caused by lipotoxicity and changes in lipids supply. Similarly, individuals with IBD have alterations in liver function after sustained high-fat diet feeding. In addition, excess dietary fat intake, along with alterations in primary and secondary bile acids in the colon, can affect the onset and progression of IBD because inflammatory cytokines contribute to insulin resistance; the factors include the release of inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and changes in intestinal microflora, which may also contribute to disease progression. However, interfering with de novo fatty acid synthase by deleting the enzyme acetyl-CoA-carboxylase 1 in intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) leads to the deficiency of epithelial crypt structures and tissue regeneration, which seems to be due to Lgr5+ intestinal stem cell function. Thus, conflicting reports exist regarding high-fat diet effects on IBD animal models. This review will focus on the pathological basis of the link between dietary lipids intake and IBD and will cover the currently available pharmacological approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sang Geon Kim
- Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang-si 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (S.J.K.); (M.S.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhao L, Wang Z, Xu Y, Zhang P, Qiu J, Nie D, Wu G, Chen C, Chang Y, Xia Q. Sphingosine kinase 1 regulates lipid metabolism to promote progression of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154641. [PMID: 37467634 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To detect the expression of sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and explore its biological role in the occurrence and development of ccRCC through regulation of fatty acid metabolism. METHODS Using the Cancer Genome Atlas database, SPHK1 expression and its clinical significance were detected in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect SPHK1 expression in RCC samples in our hospital. The connection between the SPHK1 levels and clinicopathological features of patients was assessed. Nile Red was used to detect fatty acids in cells. Cell Counting Kit-8 and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assays were performed to determine the effect of SPHK1 on renal cell viability and proliferation, respectively. Additionally, the effects of SPHK1 on the proliferation and metastasis of ccRCC were studied using wound healing and Transwell assays. Fatty acids were added exogenously in recovery experiments and western blotting was performed to determine the effect of SPHK1 on fatty acid metabolism in ccRCC. Finally, the effects of SPHK1 on tumor growth were investigated in a xenograft model. RESULTS Bioinformatics analysis revealed that SPHK1 expression was upregulated in kidney RCC. OverSPHK1 expression was associated with poor prognosis for ccRCC patients. High SPHK1 expression was detected in human ccRCC. SPHK1 expression was related to clinicopathological features, such as tumor size and Furman grade. Additionally, cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were inhibited in ccRCC cells with low SPHK1 expression. In rescue experiments, proliferation, migration, and invasion were restored. In vivo, reduced SPHK1 levels correlated with lower expression of fatty acid synthase, stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1, and acetyl CoA carboxylase, and slowed tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS SPHK1 is abnormally overexpressed in human ccRCC. Patients with ccRCC may benefit from treatments that target SPHK1, which may also serve as a prognostic indicator.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leizuo Zhao
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China; Department of Urology, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying 257000, China
| | - Zicheng Wang
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, China; Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Yingkun Xu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Peizhi Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Jiechuan Qiu
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Dengke Nie
- Department of Chest Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Guangzhen Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Urology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Shandong University 252000, China
| | - Yao Chang
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Qinghua Xia
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wu X, Wabitsch M, Yang J, Sakharkar MK. Effects of adipocyte-conditioned cell culture media on S1P treatment of human triple-negative breast cancer cells. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286111. [PMID: 37220155 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a potent sphingolipid metabolite that regulates a wide range of biological functions such as cell proliferation, cell apoptosis and angiogenesis. Its cellular level is elevated in breast cancer, which, in turn, would promote cancer cell proliferation, survival, growth and metastasis. However, the cellular concentration of S1P is normally in the low nanomolar range, and our previous studies showed that S1P selectively induced apoptosis of breast cancer cells at high concentrations (high nanomolar to low micromolar). Thus, local administration of high-concentration S1P alone or in combination of chemotherapy agents could be used to treat breast cancer. The breast mainly consists of mammary gland and connective tissue stroma (adipose), which are dynamically interacting each other. Thus, in the current study, we evaluated how normal adipocyte-conditioned cell culture media (AD-CM) and cancer-associated adipocyte-conditioned cell culture media (CAA-CM) would affect high-concentration S1P treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. Both AD-CM and CAA-CM may suppress the anti-proliferative effect and reduce nuclear alteration/apoptosis caused by high-concentration S1P. This implicates that adipose tissue is likely to be detrimental to local high-concentration S1P treatment of TNBC. Because the interstitial concentration of S1P is about 10 times higher than its cellular level, we undertook a secretome analysis to understand how S1P would affect the secreted protein profile of differentiated SGBS adipocytes. At 100 nM S1P treatment, we identified 36 upregulated and 21 downregulated secretome genes. Most of these genes are involved in multiple biological processes. Further studies are warranted to identify the most important secretome targets of S1P in adipocytes and illustrate the mechanism on how these target proteins affect S1P treatment of TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiyuan Wu
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jian Yang
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mebarek S, Skafi N, Brizuela L. Targeting Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Metabolism as a Therapeutic Avenue for Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2732. [PMID: 37345069 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most common cancer in men worldwide. More than 65% of men diagnosed with PC are above 65. Patients with localized PC show high long-term survival, however with the disease progression into a metastatic form, it becomes incurable, even after strong radio- and/or chemotherapy. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid that participates in all the steps of oncogenesis including tumor cell proliferation, survival, migration, invasion, and metastatic spread. The S1P-producing enzymes sphingosine kinases 1 and 2 (SK1 and SK2), and the S1P degrading enzyme S1P lyase (SPL), have been shown to be highly implicated in the onset, development, and therapy resistance of PC during the last 20 years. In this review, the most important studies demonstrating the role of S1P and S1P metabolic partners in PC are discussed. The different in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models of PC that were used to demonstrate the implication of S1P metabolism are especially highlighted. Furthermore, the most efficient molecules targeting S1P metabolism that are under preclinical and clinical development for curing PC are summarized. Finally, the possibility of targeting S1P metabolism alone or combined with other therapies in the foreseeable future as an alternative option for PC patients is discussed. Research Strategy: PubMed from INSB was used for article research. First, key words "prostate & sphingosine" were used and 144 articles were found. We also realized other combinations of key words as "prostate cancer bone metastasis" and "prostate cancer treatment". We used the most recent reviews to illustrate prostate cancer topic and sphingolipid metabolism overview topic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saida Mebarek
- CNRS UMR 5246, INSA Lyon, Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICBMS), 69622 Lyon, France
| | - Najwa Skafi
- CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007, University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 Bd 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Leyre Brizuela
- CNRS UMR 5246, INSA Lyon, Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICBMS), 69622 Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang Y, Popel AS, Bazzazi H. Combining Multikinase Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Targeting the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Cluster of Differentiation 47 Signaling Pathways Is Predicted to Increase the Efficacy of Antiangiogenic Combination Therapies. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:710-726. [PMID: 37200806 PMCID: PMC10186363 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a critical step in tumor growth, development, and invasion. Nascent tumor cells secrete vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) that significantly remodels the tumor microenvironment through interaction with multiple receptors on vascular endothelial cells, including type 2 VEGF receptor (VEGFR2). The complex pathways initiated by VEGF binding to VEGFR2 lead to enhanced proliferation, survival, and motility of vascular endothelial cells and formation of a new vascular network, enabling tumor growth. Antiangiogenic therapies that inhibit VEGF signaling pathways were among the first drugs that targeted stroma rather than tumor cells. Despite improvements in progression-free survival and higher response rates relative to chemotherapy in some types of solid tumors, the impact on overall survival (OS) has been limited, with the majority of tumors eventually relapsing due to resistance or activation of alternate angiogenic pathways. Here, we developed a molecularly detailed computational model of endothelial cell signaling and angiogenesis-driven tumor growth to investigate combination therapies targeting different nodes of the endothelial VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling pathway. Simulations predicted a strong threshold-like behavior in extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) activation relative to phosphorylated VEGFR2 levels, as continuous inhibition of at least 95% of receptors was necessary to abrogate phosphorylated ERK1/2 (pERK1/2). Combinations with mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK kinase (MEK) and spingosine-1-phosphate inhibitors were found to be effective in overcoming the ERK1/2 activation threshold and abolishing activation of the pathway. Modeling results also identified a mechanism of resistance whereby tumor cells could reduce pERK1/2 sensitivity to inhibitors of VEGFR2 by upregulation of Raf, MEK, and sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1), thus highlighting the need for deeper investigation of the dynamics of the crosstalk between VEGFR2 and SphK1 pathways. Inhibition of VEGFR2 phosphorylation was found to be more effective at blocking protein kinase B, also known as AKT, activation; however, to effectively abolish AKT activation, simulations identified Axl autophosphorylation or the Src kinase domain as potent targets. Simulations also supported activating cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) on endothelial cells as an effective combination partner with tyrosine kinase inhibitors to inhibit angiogenesis signaling and tumor growth. Virtual patient simulations supported the effectiveness of CD47 agonism in combination with inhibitors of VEGFR2 and SphK1 pathways. Overall, the rule-based system model developed here provides new insights, generates novel hypothesis, and makes predictions regarding combinations that may enhance the OS with currently approved antiangiogenic therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Aleksander S. Popel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Hojjat Bazzazi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Horváth P, Büdi L, Hammer D, Varga R, Losonczy G, Tárnoki ÁD, Tárnoki DL, Mészáros M, Bikov A. The link between the sphingolipid rheostat and obstructive sleep apnea. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7675. [PMID: 37169814 PMCID: PMC10175248 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34717-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation induced by hypoxia during sleep is an important mechanism of microvascular damage in OSA patients. In this study, we investigated the role of the sphingosine rheostat, which has diverse inflammatory effects. Thirty-seven healthy subjects and 31 patients with OSA were recruited. We collected data on demographics and comorbidities. Plasma sphingosine-1-phosphate and ceramide antibody concentrations were measured by ELISA. The results were compared between the OSA and control groups, and the correlations between these measurements and markers of disease severity and comorbidities were explored. Ceramide antibody levels were significantly elevated in OSA patients (892.17 ng/ml) vs. controls (209.55 ng/ml). S1P levels were also significantly higher in patients with OSA (1760.0 pg/ml) than in controls (290.35 pg/ml, p < 0.001). The ceramide antibody concentration showed correlations with BMI (ρ = 0.25, p = 0.04), CRP (ρ = 0.36, p = 0.005), AHI (ρ = 0.43, p < 0.001), ODI (ρ = 0.43, p < 0.001), TST90% (ρ = 0.35, p = 0.004) and the lowest oxygen saturation (ρ = 0.37, p = 0.001) in the whole study population but not when patients with OSA were analyzed separately. The elevated ceramide antibody and sphingosine-1-phosphate concentrations in patients suffering from OSA suggests their involvement in the pathomechanism of OSA and its comorbidities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Péter Horváth
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Tömő utca 25-29, 1083, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Lilla Büdi
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Tömő utca 25-29, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dániel Hammer
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Tömő utca 25-29, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rita Varga
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Tömő utca 25-29, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Losonczy
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Tömő utca 25-29, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | | | - András Bikov
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Deng Y, Wang F, Wu X, Du K, Yang Q, Xia T. The m6A-regulation and single cell effect pattern in sunitinib resistance on clear cell renal cell carcinoma: Identification and validation of targets. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1131610. [PMID: 37063301 PMCID: PMC10102343 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1131610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Sunitinib is the main target drug for clear cell renal cell carcinoma. However, the effect of sunitinib is often limited by acquired drug resistance.Methods: The open-accessed data used in this study were obtained from different online public databases, which were analyzed using the R software. The RNA level of specific genes was detected using quantitative Real-Time PCR. Sunitinib-resistant cell lines were constructed based on protocol get from the previous study. Colony formation and Cell Counting Kit-8 assays were applied to detect cell proliferation ability.Results: In this study, through publicly available data and high-quality analysis, we deeply explored the potential biological mechanisms that affect the resistance of sunitinib. Detailed, data from GSE64052, GSE76068 and The Cancer Genome Atlas were extracted. We identified the IFITM1, IL6, MX2, PCOLCE2, RSAD2 and SLC2A3 were associated with sunitinib resistance. Single-cell analysis, prognosis analysis and m6A regulatory network were conducted to investigate their role. Moreover, the MX2 was selected for further analysis, including its biological role and effect on the ccRCC microenvironment. Interestingly, we noticed that MX2 might be an immune-related gene that could affect the response rate of immunotherapy. Then, in vitro experiments validated the overexpression of MX2 in sunitinib-resistance cells. Colony formation assay indicated that the knockdown of MX2 could remarkably inhibit the proliferation ability of 786-O-Res and Caki-1-Res when exposed to sunitinib.Conclusion: In summary, through publicly available data and high-quality analysis, we deeply explored the potential biological mechanisms that affect the resistance of sunitinib. MX2 was selected for further analysis, including its biological role and effect on the ccRCC microenvironment. Finally, in vitro experiments were used to validate its role in ccRCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanxi Deng
- Clinical Laboratory, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinhui Wu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kangming Du
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Yang, ; Ting Xia,
| | - Ting Xia
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Yang, ; Ting Xia,
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jin J, Xie Y, Zhang JS, Wang JQ, Dai SJ, He WF, Li SY, Ashby CR, Chen ZS, He Q. Sunitinib resistance in renal cell carcinoma: From molecular mechanisms to predictive biomarkers. Drug Resist Updat 2023; 67:100929. [PMID: 36739809 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2023.100929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Currently, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most prevalent type of kidney cancer. Targeted therapy has replaced radiation therapy and chemotherapy as the main treatment option for RCC due to the lack of significant efficacy with these conventional therapeutic regimens. Sunitinib, a drug used to treat gastrointestinal tumors and renal cell carcinoma, inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of a number of receptor tyrosine kinases, including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), c-Kit, rearranged during transfection (RET) and fms-related receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt3). Although sunitinib has been shown to be efficacious in the treatment of patients with advanced RCC, a significant number of patients have primary resistance to sunitinib or acquired drug resistance within the 6-15 months of therapy. Thus, in order to develop more efficacious and long-lasting treatment strategies for patients with advanced RCC, it will be crucial to ascertain how to overcome sunitinib resistance that is produced by various drug resistance mechanisms. In this review, we discuss: 1) molecular mechanisms of sunitinib resistance; 2) strategies to overcome sunitinib resistance and 3) potential predictive biomarkers of sunitinib resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Jin
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Yuhao Xie
- Institute for Biotechnology, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Jin-Shi Zhang
- Urology & Nephrology Center, Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Jing-Quan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Shi-Jie Dai
- Zhejiang Eyoung Pharmaceutical Research and Development Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311258, China
| | - Wen-Fang He
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Shou-Ye Li
- Zhejiang Eyoung Pharmaceutical Research and Development Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311258, China
| | - Charles R Ashby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Institute for Biotechnology, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA.
| | - Qiang He
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lipids as Targets for Renal Cell Carcinoma Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043272. [PMID: 36834678 PMCID: PMC9963825 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney cancer is among the top ten most common cancers to date. Within the kidney, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common solid lesion occurring. While various risk factors are suspected, including unhealthy lifestyle, age, and ethnicity, genetic mutations seem to be a key risk factor. In particular, mutations in the von Hippel-Lindau gene (Vhl) have attracted a lot of interest since this gene regulates the hypoxia inducible transcription factors HIF-1α and HIF-2α, which in turn drive the transcription of many genes that are important for renal cancer growth and progression, including genes involved in lipid metabolism and signaling. Recent data suggest that HIF-1/2 are themselves regulated by bioactive lipids which make the connection between lipids and renal cancer obvious. This review will summarize the effects and contributions of the different classes of bioactive lipids, including sphingolipids, glycosphingolipids, eicosanoids, free fatty acids, cannabinoids, and cholesterol to renal carcinoma progression. Novel pharmacological strategies interfering with lipid signaling to treat renal cancer will be highlighted.
Collapse
|
11
|
Yuan H, Qin X, Wang J, Yang Q, Fan Y, Xu D. The cuproptosis-associated 13 gene signature as a robust predictor for outcome and response to immune- and targeted-therapies in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:971142. [PMID: 36131921 PMCID: PMC9483097 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.971142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cuproptosis, the newly identified form of regulatory cell death (RCD), results from mitochondrial proteotoxic stress mediated by copper and FDX1. Little is known about significances of cuproptosis in oncogenesis. Here we determined clinical implications of cuproptosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Based on the correlation and survival analyses of cuproptosis-correlated genes in TCGA ccRCC cohort, we constructed a cuproptosis-associated 13 gene signature (CuAGS-13) score system. In both TCGA training and two validation cohorts, when patients were categorized into high- and low-risk groups according to a median score as the cutoff, the CuAGS-13 high-risk group was significantly associated with shorter overall survival (OS) and/or progression-free survival (PFS) independently (P<0.001 for all). The CuAGS-13 score assessment could also predict recurrence and recurrence-free survival of patients at stage I - III with a high accuracy, which outperformed the ccAccB/ClearCode34 model, a well-established molecular predictor for ccRCC prognosis. Moreover, patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) acquired complete/partial remissions up to 3-time higher coupled with significantly longer PFS in the CuAGS-13 low- than high-risk groups in both training and validation cohorts of ccRCCs (7.2 - 14.1 vs. 2.1 - 3.0 months, P<0.001). The combination of ICI with anti-angiogenic agent Bevacizumab doubled remission rates in CuAGS-13 high-risk patients while did not improve the efficacy in the low-risk group. Further analyses showed a positive correlation between CuAGS-13 and TIDE scores. We also observed that the CuAGS-13 score assessment accurately predicted patient response to Sunitinib, and higher remission rates in the low-risk group led to longer PFS (Low- vs. high-risk, 13.9 vs. 5.8 months, P = 5.0e-12). Taken together, the CuAGS-13 score assessment serves as a robust predictor for survival, recurrence, and response to ICIs, ICI plus anti-angiogenic drugs and Sunitinib in ccRCC patients, which significantly improves patient stratifications for precision medicine of ccRCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huiyang Yuan
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China,*Correspondence: Huiyang Yuan, ; Yidong Fan, ; Dawei Xu,
| | - Xin Qin
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Urologic Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Qingya Yang
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yidong Fan
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China,*Correspondence: Huiyang Yuan, ; Yidong Fan, ; Dawei Xu,
| | - Dawei Xu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Bioclinicum and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden,*Correspondence: Huiyang Yuan, ; Yidong Fan, ; Dawei Xu,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Characterization and function of biomarkers in sunitinib-resistant renal carcinoma cells. Gene 2022; 832:146514. [PMID: 35550407 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sunitinib is a first-line drug in the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma, but patients will inevitably develop drug resistance after 6-15 months of systematic treatment, which seriously affects the prognosis in KIRC. METHODS During the study, the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was used to perform a systematic bioinformatics analysis,so that we could determine the genes (DEGs) which are differentially expressed between sunitinib-sensitive and sunitinib-resistant RCC (SRRC) cells. RESULTS A total of 31 DEGs were identified. Gene ontology (GO) was used to analyze the function of DEGS. These DEGs were found mainly enriched in organic aniontransmembrane transporter. The Cytohubba plug-in, STRING database and Cytoscape software were involved to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and the pivot genes were identified by single-gene and multi-gene Cox regression analysis. Finally, DDX58 and MX2 were identified as prognostic genes. Survival analysis was performed by using prognostic nomogram, prognostic histogram and GEPIA database to verify the relationship between DDX58 and MX2 expression and survival. The relationship between the two pivot genes and the prognosis of patients was further verified by using the KM survival analyses and Time Dependency ROC curve analyses from TCGA database. Immunohistochemical analyses confirmed that, in tumor tissues and normal tissues, DDX58 and MX2 were differentially expressed. The expression of these two genes have relationship with the immune checkpoint. CONCLUSIONS This study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms of SRRC, as well as the selection of therapeutic and prognostic biomarkers for SRRC.
Collapse
|
13
|
Sun Y, Xu Y, Che X, Wu G. Development of a Novel Sphingolipid Signaling Pathway-Related Risk Assessment Model to Predict Prognosis in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:881490. [PMID: 35846357 PMCID: PMC9277577 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.881490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore underlying mechanisms by which sphingolipid-related genes play a role in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) and construct a new prognosis-related risk model. We used a variety of bioinformatics methods and databases to complete our exploration. Based on the TCGA database, we used multiple R-based extension packages for data transformation, processing, and statistical analyses. First, on analyzing the CNV, SNV, and mRNA expression of 29 sphingolipid-related genes in various types of cancers, we found that the vast majority were protective in KIRC. Subsequently, we performed cluster analysis of patients with KIRC using sphingolipid-related genes and successfully classified them into the following three clusters with significant prognostic differences: Cluster 1, Cluster 2, and Cluster 3. We performed differential analyses of transcription factor activity, drug sensitivity, immune cell infiltration, and classical oncogenes to elucidate the unique roles of sphingolipid-related genes in cancer, especially KIRC, and provide a reference for clinical treatment. After analyzing the risk rates of sphingolipid-related genes in KIRC, we successfully established a risk model composed of seven genes using LASSO regression analysis, including SPHK1, CERS5, PLPP1, SGMS1, SGMS2, SERINC1, and KDSR. Previous studies have suggested that these genes play important biological roles in sphingolipid metabolism. ROC curve analysis results showed that the risk model provided good prediction accuracy. Based on this risk model, we successfully classified patients with KIRC into high- and low-risk groups with significant prognostic differences. In addition, we performed correlation analyses combined with clinicopathological data and found a significant correlation between the risk model and patient’s M, T, stage, grade, and fustat. Finally, we developed a nomogram that predicted the 5-, 7-, and 10-year survival in patients with KIRC. The model we constructed had strong predictive ability. In conclusion, we believe that this study provides valuable data and clues for future studies on sphingolipid-related genes in KIRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonghao Sun
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yingkun Xu
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangyu Che
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Guangzhen Wu, ; Xiangyu Che,
| | - Guangzhen Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Guangzhen Wu, ; Xiangyu Che,
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Młynarczyk G, Mikłosz A, Suchański J, Reza S, Romanowicz L, Sobolewski K, Chabowski A, Baranowski M. Grade‐dependent changes in sphingolipid metabolism in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. J Cell Biochem 2022; 123:819-829. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Agnieszka Mikłosz
- Department of Physiology Medical University of Białystok Bialystok Poland
| | - Jarosław Suchański
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences Wroclaw Dolnośląskie Poland
| | - Safoura Reza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences Wroclaw Dolnośląskie Poland
| | - Lech Romanowicz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry Medical University of Białystok Bialystok Poland
| | - Krzysztof Sobolewski
- Department of Medical Biochemistry Medical University of Białystok Bialystok Poland
| | - Adrian Chabowski
- Department of Physiology Medical University of Białystok Bialystok Poland
| | - Marcin Baranowski
- Department of Physiology Medical University of Białystok Bialystok Poland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hoefflin R, Harlander S, Abhari BA, Peighambari A, Adlesic M, Seidel P, Zodel K, Haug S, Göcmen B, Li Y, Lahrmann B, Grabe N, Heide D, Boerries M, Köttgen A, Heikenwalder M, Frew IJ. Therapeutic Effects of Inhibition of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Signaling in HIF-2α Inhibitor-Resistant Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194801. [PMID: 34638286 PMCID: PMC8508537 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Clear cell renal cell carcinoma is a common malignancy that represents 80% of all kidney tumors. Most tumors harbor an inactivation of the VHL gene, leading to the accumulation of HIF-1α and HIF-2α. Promising clinical results of specific HIF-2α inhibitors will soon lead to new treatment options for advanced cancer patients, although primary and acquired resistance to these agents are common. We here show that Acriflavine, which inhibits both HIF-1α and HIF-2α, and Fingolimod (FTY720), which inhibits sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling, show therapeutic activities in several experimental ccRCC models that are resistant to HIF-2α-inhibitor treatment. Additionally, we show that specific HIF-2α-inhibition suppresses the tumor immune microenvironment, which will be important to consider for future combination studies with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Abstract Specific inhibitors of HIF-2α have recently been approved for the treatment of ccRCC in VHL disease patients and have shown encouraging results in clinical trials for metastatic sporadic ccRCC. However, not all patients respond to therapy and pre-clinical and clinical studies indicate that intrinsic as well as acquired resistance mechanisms to HIF-2α inhibitors are likely to represent upcoming clinical challenges. It would be desirable to have additional therapeutic options for the treatment of HIF-2α inhibitor resistant ccRCCs. Here we investigated the effects on tumor growth and on the tumor microenvironment of three different direct and indirect HIF-α inhibitors, namely the HIF-2α-specific inhibitor PT2399, the dual HIF-1α/HIF-2α inhibitor Acriflavine, and the S1P signaling pathway inhibitor FTY720, in the autochthonous Vhl/Trp53/Rb1 mutant ccRCC mouse model and validated these findings in human ccRCC cell culture models. We show that FTY720 and Acriflavine exhibit therapeutic activity in several different settings of HIF-2α inhibitor resistance. We also identify that HIF-2α inhibition strongly suppresses T cell activation in ccRCC. These findings suggest prioritization of sphingosine pathway inhibitors for clinical testing in ccRCC patients and also suggest that HIF-2α inhibitors may inhibit anti-tumor immunity and might therefore be contraindicated for combination therapies with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rouven Hoefflin
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (R.H.); (B.A.A.); (A.P.); (M.A.); (P.S.); (K.Z.)
| | - Sabine Harlander
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland;
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Behnaz A. Abhari
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (R.H.); (B.A.A.); (A.P.); (M.A.); (P.S.); (K.Z.)
| | - Asin Peighambari
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (R.H.); (B.A.A.); (A.P.); (M.A.); (P.S.); (K.Z.)
| | - Mojca Adlesic
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (R.H.); (B.A.A.); (A.P.); (M.A.); (P.S.); (K.Z.)
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Philipp Seidel
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (R.H.); (B.A.A.); (A.P.); (M.A.); (P.S.); (K.Z.)
| | - Kyra Zodel
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (R.H.); (B.A.A.); (A.P.); (M.A.); (P.S.); (K.Z.)
| | - Stefan Haug
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (S.H.); (B.G.); (Y.L.); (A.K.)
| | - Burulca Göcmen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (S.H.); (B.G.); (Y.L.); (A.K.)
| | - Yong Li
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (S.H.); (B.G.); (Y.L.); (A.K.)
| | - Bernd Lahrmann
- Steinbeis Transfer Center for Medical Systems Biology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (B.L.); (N.G.)
| | - Niels Grabe
- Steinbeis Transfer Center for Medical Systems Biology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (B.L.); (N.G.)
- Hamamatsu Tissue Imaging and Analysis Center (TIGA), BIOQUANT, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center of Tumor Diseases, Medical Oncology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69121 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Danijela Heide
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (D.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Melanie Boerries
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany;
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (S.H.); (B.G.); (Y.L.); (A.K.)
| | - Mathias Heikenwalder
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (D.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Ian J. Frew
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (R.H.); (B.A.A.); (A.P.); (M.A.); (P.S.); (K.Z.)
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland;
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Xu G, Yang Z, Sun Y, Dong H, Ma J. Interaction of microRNAs with sphingosine kinases, sphingosine-1 phosphate, and sphingosine-1 phosphate receptors in cancer. Discov Oncol 2021; 12:33. [PMID: 35201458 PMCID: PMC8777508 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-021-00430-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a pleiotropic lipid mediator, participates in various cellular processes during tumorigenesis, including cell proliferation, survival, drug resistance, metastasis, and angiogenesis. S1P is formed by two sphingosine kinases (SphKs), SphK1 and SphK2. The intracellularly produced S1P is delivered to the extracellular space by ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and spinster homolog 2 (SPNS2), where it binds to five transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors to mediate its oncogenic functions (S1PR1-S1PR5). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs, 21-25 nucleotides in length, that play numerous crucial roles in cancer, such as tumor initiation, progression, apoptosis, metastasis, and angiogenesis via binding to the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of the target mRNA. There is growing evidence that various miRNAs modulate tumorigenesis by regulating the expression of SphKs, and S1P receptors. We have reviewed various roles of miRNAs, SphKs, S1P, and S1P receptors (S1PRs) in malignancies and how notable miRNAs like miR-101, miR-125b, miR-128, and miR-506, miR-1246, miR-21, miR-126, miR499a, miR20a-5p, miR-140-5p, miR-224, miR-137, miR-183-5p, miR-194, miR181b, miR136, and miR-675-3p, modulate S1P signaling. These tumorigenesis modulating miRNAs are involved in different cancers including breast, gastric, hepatocellular carcinoma, prostate, colorectal, cervical, ovarian, and lung cancer via cell proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, apoptosis, metastasis, immune evasion, chemoresistance, and chemosensitivity. Therefore, understanding the interaction of SphKs, S1P, and S1P receptors with miRNAs in human malignancies will lead to better insights for miRNA-based cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangmeng Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000 China
| | - Zecheng Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000 China
| | - Yamin Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000 China
| | - Hongmei Dong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000 China
| | - Jingru Ma
- Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000 China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Inhibition of sphingosine 1-phosphate protects mice against chondrocyte catabolism and osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2021; 29:1335-1345. [PMID: 34144150 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cartilage loss observed in osteoarthritis (OA) is prevented when osteoclasts in the subchondral bone are inhibited in mice. Here, we investigated the role of the osteoclast secretome and of the lipid mediator sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) in chondrocyte metabolism and OA. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used SphK1LysMCre and wild type mice to assess the effect of murine osteoclast secretome in chondrocyte metabolism. Gene and protein expressions of matrix metalloproteinase (Mmp) were quantified in chondrocytes and explants by RT-qPCR and Western blots. SphK1LysMCre mice or wild type mice treated with S1P2 receptor inhibitor JTE013 or anti-S1P neutralizing antibody sphingomab are analyzed by OA score and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The osteoclast secretome increased the expression of Mmp3 and Mmp13 in murine chondrocytes and cartilage explants and activated the JNK signaling pathway, which led to matrix degradation. JTE013 reversed the osteoclast-mediated chondrocyte catabolism and protected mice against OA, suggesting that osteoclastic S1P contributes to cartilage damage in OA via S1P/S1P2 signaling. The activity of sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) increased with osteoclast differentiation, and its expression was enhanced in subchondral bone of mice with OA. The expression of Mmp3 and Mmp13 in chondrocytes was low upon stimulation with the secretome of Sphk1-lacking osteoclasts. Cartilage damage was significantly reduced in SphK1LysMCre mice, but not the synovial inflammation. Finally, intra-articular administration of sphingomab inhibited the cartilage damage and synovial inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Lack of S1P in myeloid cells and local S1P neutralization alleviates from osteoarthritis in mice. These data identify S1P as a therapeutic target in OA.
Collapse
|
18
|
Gupta P, Taiyab A, Hussain A, Alajmi MF, Islam A, Hassan MI. Targeting the Sphingosine Kinase/Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Signaling Axis in Drug Discovery for Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1898. [PMID: 33920887 PMCID: PMC8071327 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipid metabolites have emerged as critical players in the regulation of various physiological processes. Ceramide and sphingosine induce cell growth arrest and apoptosis, whereas sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) promotes cell proliferation and survival. Here, we present an overview of sphingolipid metabolism and the compartmentalization of various sphingolipid metabolites. In addition, the sphingolipid rheostat, a fine metabolic balance between ceramide and S1P, is discussed. Sphingosine kinase (SphK) catalyzes the synthesis of S1P from sphingosine and modulates several cellular processes and is found to be essentially involved in various pathophysiological conditions. The regulation and biological functions of SphK isoforms are discussed. The functions of S1P, along with its receptors, are further highlighted. The up-regulation of SphK is observed in various cancer types and is also linked to radio- and chemoresistance and poor prognosis in cancer patients. Implications of the SphK/S1P signaling axis in human pathologies and its inhibition are discussed in detail. Overall, this review highlights current findings on the SphK/S1P signaling axis from multiple angles, including their functional role, mechanism of activation, involvement in various human malignancies, and inhibitor molecules that may be used in cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Gupta
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (P.G.); (A.T.); (A.I.)
| | - Aaliya Taiyab
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (P.G.); (A.T.); (A.I.)
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.H.); (M.F.A.)
| | - Mohamed F. Alajmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.H.); (M.F.A.)
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (P.G.); (A.T.); (A.I.)
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (P.G.); (A.T.); (A.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li Y, Gao Y, Liang B, Nie W, Zhao L, Wang L. Combined effects on leukemia cell growth by targeting sphingosine kinase 1 and sirtuin 1 signaling. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:262. [PMID: 33199987 PMCID: PMC7664611 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting multiple signaling pathways is a potential novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of leukemias. Leukemia cells express high levels of sphingosine kinase 1 (Sphk1) and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1). However, to the best of our knowledge, their interaction and potential synergistic inhibitory effects on the growth and survival of leukemia cells have not been investigated. The present study revealed the role of the Sphk1/S1P/SIRT1 axis in K562, KCL22 and TF1 cells and hypothesized that the inhibition of Sphk1 and SIRT1 had synergistic effects on the growth and survival of leukemia cells. Cell viability was tested using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and cell colony forming assay. Cell apoptosis was detected using Annexin V-APC/PI staining. The stages of the cell cycle were measured using PI staining. Protein levels were measured by western blotting. Treatment of leukemia cells with S1P resulted in the upregulation of SIRT1 expression, whereas inhibition of Sphk1 induced SIRT1 downregulation in leukemia cells. Both SKI-II and EX527 actively suppressed growth, blocked cell cycle progression and induced apoptosis of leukemia cells. Furthermore, inhibition of Sphk1 and SIRT1 exhibited suppressive effects on the growth and survival of leukemia cells. Notably, the inhibition of Sphk1 and SIRT1 suppressed cell growth and induced apoptosis of T-315I mutation-harboring cells. Additionally, treatment with SKI-II and EX527 suppressed the ERK and STAT5 pathways in leukemia cells. These data indicated that targeting the Sphk1/S1P/SIRT1 axis may be a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of leukemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Li
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yuxia Gao
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Bing Liang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Wenbo Nie
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Lijing Zhao
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Lisheng Wang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China.,Department of Molecular Diagnosis and Regenerative Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang L, Li Y, Lyu Y, Wen H, Feng C. Association between copy-number alteration of +20q, -14q and -18p and cross-sensitivity to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:482. [PMID: 33041663 PMCID: PMC7541266 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01585-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We aim to explore association between copy number alteration (CNA) and sensitivity to common tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) used in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) treatment. Methods CNA with related sensitivity profiles were extracted from the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) dataset and was cross-referenced with common CNA in ccRCC in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. Functional annotation was profiled using GSEA and NET-GE. Target genes within cytobands of interest were screened in silico and validated in vitro using proliferation assays in A498 and 786-O ccRCC cells. Results Four TKIs (Sunitinib, Cabozantinib, Axitinib and Sorafenib) that were clinically used in ccRCC were selected. In silico analysis showed gain of 20q (+20q) occurred in ~ 23% of cases and was associated with resistance to all four TKIs; loss of 14q (−14q) occurred in ~ 39% of cases and was associated with resistance to Sunitinib and Sorafenib; loss of 18p (−18p) occurred in ~ 39% of cases and was associated with sensitivity to Sunitinib and Sorafenib. All 3 CNAs were associated with worsened prognosis, respectively. Candidate target genes included of RBL1 on 20q, KLHL33 on 14q and ARHGAP28 on18q. In vitro validation showed RBL1 overexpression induced resistance to Sunitinib and Cabozantinib; KLHL33 silencing induced resistance to Sunitinib; ARHGAP28 silencing induced sensitivity to Cabozantinib. Functional annotation indicated FoxO signaling, hypoxic response and Wnt pathway, and Rho-related cellular adhesion were mechanistically associated with +20q, −14q and −18p, respectively. Conclusion Common CNAs in ccRCC are associated with cancer-intrinsic cross-sensitivity to common TKIs. Further validation and functional analyses are therefore needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Li
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 People's Republic of China
| | - Yinfeng Lyu
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wen
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 People's Republic of China
| | - Chenchen Feng
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Faqar-Uz-Zaman WF, Schmidt KG, Thomas D, Pfeilschifter JM, Radeke HH, Schwiebs A. S1P Lyase siRNA Dampens Malignancy of DLD-1 Colorectal Cancer Cells. Lipids 2020; 56:155-166. [PMID: 32971566 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase 1 (S1P lyase or SGPL1) is an essential sphingosine-1-phosphate-degrading enzyme. Its manipulation favors onset and progression of colorectal cancer and others in vivo. Thus, SGPL1 is an important modulator of cancer initiation. However, in established cancer, the impact of retrospective SGPL1 modulation is elusive. Herein, we analyzed how SGPL1 siRNA affects malignancy of the human colorectal cancer cells DLD-1 and found that in parallel to the reduction of SGPL1 expression levels, migration, invasion, and differentiation status changed. Diminished SGPL1 expression was accompanied with reduced cell migration and cell invasion in scratch assays and transwell assays, whereas metabolic activity and proliferation was not altered. Decreased migration was attended by increased cell-cell-adhesion through upregulation of E-cadherin and formation of cadherin-actin complexes. Spreading cell islets showed lower vimentin abundance in border cells. Furthermore, SGPL1 siRNA treatment induced expression of epithelial cell differentiation markers, such as intestinal alkaline phosphatase and cytokeratin 20. Hence, interference with SGPL1 expression augmented a partial redifferentiation of colorectal cancer cells toward normal colon epithelial cells. Our investigation showed that SGPL1 siRNA influenced tumorigenic activity of established colorectal cancer cells. We therefore suggest SGPL1 as a target for lowering malignant potential of already existing cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wajiha Farha Faqar-Uz-Zaman
- Institute of General Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Hospital of the Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Katrin G Schmidt
- Institute of General Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Hospital of the Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dominique Thomas
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt, Hospital of the Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Josef M Pfeilschifter
- Institute of General Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Hospital of the Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Heinfried H Radeke
- Institute of General Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Hospital of the Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anja Schwiebs
- Institute of General Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Hospital of the Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Balaji Ragunathrao VA, Anwar M, Akhter MZ, Chavez A, Mao DY, Natarajan V, Lakshmikanthan S, Chrzanowska-Wodnicka M, Dudek AZ, Claesson-Welsh L, Kitajewski JK, Wary KK, Malik AB, Mehta D. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 1 Activity Promotes Tumor Growth by Amplifying VEGF-VEGFR2 Angiogenic Signaling. Cell Rep 2020; 29:3472-3487.e4. [PMID: 31825830 PMCID: PMC6927555 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A)-VEGFR2 pathway drives tumor vascularization by activating proangiogenic signaling in endothelial cells (ECs). Here, we show that EC-sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) amplifies VEGFR2-mediated angiogenic signaling to enhance tumor growth. We show that cancer cells induce S1PR1 activity in ECs, and thereby, conditional deletion of S1PR1 in ECs (EC-S1pr1−/− mice) impairs tumor vascularization and growth. Mechanistically, we show that S1PR1 engages the heterotrimeric G-protein Gi, which amplifies VEGF-VEGFR2 signaling due to an increase in the activity of the tyrosine kinase c-Abl1. c-Abl1, by phosphorylating VEGFR2 at tyrosine-951, prolongs VEGFR2 retention on the plasmalemma to sustain Rac1 activity and EC migration. Thus, S1PR1 or VEGFR2 antagonists, alone or in combination, reverse the tumor growth in control mice to the level seen in EC-S1pr1−/− mice. Our findings suggest that blocking S1PR1 activity in ECs has the potential to suppress tumor growth by preventing amplification of VEGF-VEGFR2 signaling. Vijay Avin et al. demonstrate an essential role of endothelial cell (EC)-S1PR1 signaling in amplifying VEGFR2-mediated tumor growth. S1PR1 by Gi and c-Abl1 phosphorylates VEGFR2 at Y951, which retains VEGFR2 at EC plasmalemma, thus enabling EC migration, tumor angiogenesis, and growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Avin Balaji Ragunathrao
- Department of Pharmacology and The Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Mumtaz Anwar
- Department of Pharmacology and The Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Md Zahid Akhter
- Department of Pharmacology and The Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Alejandra Chavez
- Department of Pharmacology and The Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - De Yu Mao
- Department of Physiology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Viswanathan Natarajan
- Department of Pharmacology and The Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | | | | | - Arkadiusz Z Dudek
- Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Lena Claesson-Welsh
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jan K Kitajewski
- Department of Physiology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Kishore K Wary
- Department of Pharmacology and The Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Asrar B Malik
- Department of Pharmacology and The Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Dolly Mehta
- Department of Pharmacology and The Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Balaji Ragunathrao VA, Vellingiri V, Anwar M, Akhter MZ, Mehta D. S1PR1 and VEGFR2 - a synergy that promotes tumor angiogenesis? Mol Cell Oncol 2020; 7:1746131. [PMID: 32944615 PMCID: PMC7469464 DOI: 10.1080/23723556.2020.1746131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We have recently uncovered that endothelial cell (EC) S1PR1 controls the effectiveness of VEGFR2 driven tumor angiogenesis. By using tumor ECs, EC-S1PR1-/- mice and S1PR1 antagonist, we showed that VEGF-VEGFR2 pathway requires EC-S1PR1-induced signaling to efficiently drive tumor vascularization and growth, indicating combining S1PR1 antagonist with anti-VEGF/VEGFR2 therapy may eradicate resistant tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Avin Balaji Ragunathrao
- Department of Pharmacology and the Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vigneshwaran Vellingiri
- Department of Pharmacology and the Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mumtaz Anwar
- Department of Pharmacology and the Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Md Zahid Akhter
- Department of Pharmacology and the Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dolly Mehta
- Department of Pharmacology and the Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Liu Y, Cheng G, Huang Z, Bao L, Liu J, Wang C, Xiong Z, Zhou L, Xu T, Liu D, Yang H, Chen K, Zhang X. Long noncoding RNA SNHG12 promotes tumour progression and sunitinib resistance by upregulating CDCA3 in renal cell carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:515. [PMID: 32641718 PMCID: PMC7343829 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2713-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most frequently observed malignant tumours in the urinary system and targeted drug resistance is quite common in RCC. Long noncoding RNA SNHG12 (lncRNA SNHG12) has emerged as a key molecule in numerous human cancers, but its functions in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) sunitinib resistance remain unclear. In this study, we found SNHG12 was highly expressed in RCC tissues and in sunitinib-resistant RCC cells and was associated with a poor clinical prognosis. SNHG12 promoted RCC proliferation, migration, invasion and sunitinib resistance via CDCA3 in vitro. Mechanically, SNHG12 bound to SP1 and prevented the ubiquitylation-dependent proteolysis of SP1. Stabilised SP1 bound to a specific region in the promoter of CDCA3 and increased CDCA3 expression. Furthermore, in vivo experiments showed that SNHG12 increased tumour growth and that knocking down SNHG12 could reverse RCC sunitinib resistance. Our study revealed that the lncRNA SNHG12/SP1/CDCA3 axis promoted RCC progression and sunitinib resistance, which could provide a new therapeutic target for sunitinib-resistant RCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuenan Liu
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Gong Cheng
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Ziwei Huang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Bao
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingchong Liu
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiyong Xiong
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Lijie Zhou
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Tianbo Xu
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongmei Yang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 13 Hangkong Road, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, 430022, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, 430022, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Shi W, Zhang S, Ma D, Yan D, Zhang G, Cao Y, Wang Z, Wu J, Jiang C. Targeting SphK2 Reverses Acquired Resistance of Regorafenib in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:694. [PMID: 32670862 PMCID: PMC7327090 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Regorafenib is a second-line therapy drug used for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Unfortunately, the survival benefit of the patients receiving this treatment is modest, which may be attributed to drug resistance. In the present study, sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK2) was targeted to reverse regorafenib resistance in HCC. Methods: The functions of SphK2 and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), the catalytic product of SphK2 in regorafenib resistance of HCC cells, were evaluated by cell counting kit-8 assay, colony formation, cell cycle evaluation, and annexin V–fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide double-staining assay. The antitumor activity of combined treatment of regorafenib and the SphK2-specific inhibitor ABC294640 was examined in HCC cells in vitro and xenograft model in vivo. The molecular mechanisms of SphK2/S1P-mediating regorafenib resistance were investigated using cell line establishment and Western blot analysis. Results: Well-developed regorafenib-resistant HCC cells indicated high expression levels of SphK2. The sensitivity to regorafenib of regorafenib-resistant HCC cells was restored following SphK2 knockdown or pharmacological inhibition by ABC294640. In addition, ectopic expression of SphK2 and exogenous addition of S1P decreased the sensitivity of HCC cells to regorafenib. Furthermore, the combination treatment with ABC294640 sensitized resistant tumor to regorafenib in xenograft model of HCC. The phosphorylation levels of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), as well as those of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), were positively associated with SphK2 and S1P. Conclusions: SphK2/S1P mediates regorafenib resistance of HCC through NF-κB and STAT3 activation. Targeting SphK2 by ABC294640 potently reduces regorafenib resistance of HCC cells both in vitro and in vivo. The combination of ABC294640 and regorafenib could be developed as a novel potential treatment strategy for advanced HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shan Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ding Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongliang Yan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guang Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yin Cao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongxia Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junhua Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunping Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Liu X, Simon JM, Xie H, Hu L, Wang J, Zurlo G, Fan C, Ptacek TS, Herring L, Tan X, Li M, Baldwin AS, Kim WY, Wu T, Kirschner MW, Gong K, Zhang Q. Genome-wide Screening Identifies SFMBT1 as an Oncogenic Driver in Cancer with VHL Loss. Mol Cell 2020; 77:1294-1306.e5. [PMID: 32023483 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) is a critical tumor suppressor in clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCCs). It is important to identify additional therapeutic targets in ccRCC downstream of VHL loss besides hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF2α). By performing a genome-wide screen, we identified Scm-like with four malignant brain tumor domains 1 (SFMBT1) as a candidate pVHL target. SFMBT1 was considered to be a transcriptional repressor but its role in cancer remains unclear. ccRCC patients with VHL loss-of-function mutations displayed elevated SFMBT1 protein levels. SFMBT1 hydroxylation on Proline residue 651 by EglN1 mediated its ubiquitination and degradation governed by pVHL. Depletion of SFMBT1 abolished ccRCC cell proliferation in vitro and inhibited orthotopic tumor growth in vivo. Integrated analyses of ChIP-seq, RNA-seq, and patient prognosis identified sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) as a key SFMBT1 target gene contributing to its oncogenic phenotype. Therefore, the pVHL-SFMBT1-SPHK1 axis serves as a potential therapeutic avenue for ccRCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xijuan Liu
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jeremy M Simon
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Haibiao Xie
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lianxin Hu
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jun Wang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Giada Zurlo
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Cheng Fan
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Travis S Ptacek
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Laura Herring
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; UNC Proteomics Core Facility, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Xianming Tan
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Mingjie Li
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Albert S Baldwin
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - William Y Kim
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Marc W Kirschner
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Kan Gong
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Schneider G. S1P Signaling in the Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1223:129-153. [PMID: 32030688 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-35582-1_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), together with other phosphosphingolipids, has been found to regulate complex cellular function in the tumor microenvironment (TME) where it acts as a signaling molecule that participates in cell-cell communication. S1P, through intracellular and extracellular signaling, was found to promote tumor growth, angiogenesis, chemoresistance, and metastasis; it also regulates anticancer immune response, modulates inflammation, and promotes angiogenesis. Interestingly, cancer cells are capable of releasing S1P and thus modifying the behavior of the TME components in a way that contributes to tumor growth and progression. Therefore, S1P is considered an important therapeutic target, and several anticancer therapies targeting S1P signaling are being developed and tested in clinics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Schneider
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, Division of Medical Oncology & Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sphingosine-1-phosphate signalling drives an angiogenic transcriptional programme in diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Leukemia 2019; 33:2884-2897. [PMID: 31097785 PMCID: PMC6887546 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-019-0478-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Although the over-expression of angiogenic factors is reported in diffuse
large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the poor response to anti-VEGF drugs observed in
clinical trials suggests that angiogenesis in these tumours might be driven by
VEGF-independent pathways. We show that sphingosine kinase-1 (SPHK1), which
generates the potent bioactive sphingolipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), is
over-expressed in DLBCL. A meta-analysis of over 2000 cases revealed that genes
correlated with SPHK1 mRNA expression in DLBCL were significantly enriched for
tumour angiogenesis meta-signature genes; an effect evident in both major cell
of origin (COO) and stromal subtypes. Moreover, we found that S1P induces
angiogenic signalling and a gene expression programme that is present within the
tumour vasculature of SPHK1-expressing DLBCL. Importantly, S1PR1 functional
antagonists, including Siponimod, and the S1P neutralising antibody, Sphingomab,
inhibited S1P signalling in DLBCL cells in vitro. Furthermore,
Siponimod, also reduced angiogenesis and tumour growth in an S1P-producing mouse
model of angiogenic DLBCL. Our data define a potential role for S1P signalling
in driving an angiogenic gene expression programme in the tumour vasculature of
DLBCL and suggest novel opportunities to target S1P-mediated angiogenesis in
patients with DLBCL.
Collapse
|
29
|
Hwang HS, Go H, Park JM, Yoon SY, Lee JL, Jeong SU, Cho YM. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition as a mechanism of resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. J Transl Med 2019; 99:659-670. [PMID: 30683903 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-019-0188-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are widely accepted as treatment for metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). However, most patients eventually experience disease progression despite TKI treatment, even if the initial response is favorable. To define the underlying mechanism of TKI resistance, 10 TKI-treated metastatic ccRCC cases in which tumor samples were harvested before treatment and immediately after disease progression were examined. Gene expression profiles and copy number variations of matched pre- and post-treatment tumor samples were investigated. Altered biologic characteristics were confirmed in sunitinib-resistant ccRCC cell lines, which were generated by long-term treatment with sunitinib-containing media. Gene transcript levels related to the cell cycle and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were significantly upregulated in the treated tumor samples compared with the pre-treatment samples. The mitotic count and sarcomatoid component were significantly increased in treated tumor samples. Alteration of EMT-related genes was also demonstrated in a sunitinib-resistant ccRCC cell line that showed enhanced migration and invasion compared to the parent cell line. siRNA-induced inhibition of EMT-related gene expression significantly suppressed the migration and invasion capacity of TKI-resistant cell lines. The present study shows that both ccRCC cases that progressed after TKI treatment and sunitinib-resistant ccRCC cell lines demonstrated alteration of EMT-related gene expression and enhancement of EMT-related behavior. These results suggest that EMT may explain the aggressive behavior of TKI-resistant ccRCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee Sang Hwang
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heounjeong Go
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ja-Min Park
- Asan Institute of Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Young Yoon
- Asan Institute of Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Lyun Lee
- Department of Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se Un Jeong
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Mee Cho
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Study of Cathepsin B inhibition in VEGFR TKI treated human renal cell carcinoma xenografts. Oncogenesis 2019; 8:15. [PMID: 30796200 PMCID: PMC6386754 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-019-0121-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Several therapeutic options are available for metastatic RCC, but responses are almost never complete, and resistance to therapy develops in the vast majority of patients. Consequently, novel treatments are needed to combat resistance to current therapies and to improve patient outcomes. We have applied integrated transcriptome and proteome analyses to identify cathepsin B (CTSB), a cysteine proteinase of the papain family, as one of the most highly upregulated gene products in established human RCC xenograft models of resistance to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). We used established RCC models to test the significance of CTSB in the progression of renal cancer. Our evaluation of CTSB showed that stable CTSB knockdown suppressed RCC growth in vitro and in vivo. Stable over-overexpression of wild-type CTSB (CTSBwt/hi), but not of an CTSB active site mutant (CTSBN298A), rescued cell growth in CTSB knockdown cells and abolished the efficacy of VEGFR TKI treatment. Genome-wide transcriptome profiling of CTSB knockdown cells demonstrated significant effects on multiple metabolic and stem cell-related pathways, with ALDHA1A (ALDH1) as one of the most significantly downregulated genes. Importantly, survival analysis across 16 major TCGA cancers revealed that CTSB overexpression is associated with low rates of three and five year patient survival rates (P = 2.5e-08, HR = 1.4). These data strongly support a contribution of CTSB activity to RCC cell growth and tumorigenicity. They further highlight the promise of CTSB inhibition in development of novel combination therapies designed to improve efficacy of current TKI treatments of metastatic RCC.
Collapse
|
31
|
Fischl AS, Wang X, Falcon BL, Almonte-Baldonado R, Bodenmiller D, Evans G, Stewart J, Wilson T, Hipskind P, Manro J, Uhlik MT, Chintharlapalli S, Gerald D, Alsop DC, Benjamin LE, Bhatt RS. Inhibition of Sphingosine Phosphate Receptor 1 Signaling Enhances the Efficacy of VEGF Receptor Inhibition. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:856-867. [PMID: 30787172 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-0548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of VEGFR signaling is an effective treatment for renal cell carcinoma, but resistance continues to be a major problem. Recently, the sphingosine phosphate (S1P) signaling pathway has been implicated in tumor growth, angiogenesis, and resistance to antiangiogenic therapy. S1P is a bioactive lipid that serves an essential role in developmental and pathologic angiogenesis via activation of the S1P receptor 1 (S1P1). S1P1 signaling counteracts VEGF signaling and is required for vascular stabilization. We used in vivo and in vitro angiogenesis models including a postnatal retinal angiogenesis model and a renal cell carcinoma murine tumor model to test whether simultaneous inhibition of S1P1 and VEGF leads to improved angiogenic inhibition. Here, we show that inhibition of S1P signaling reduces the endothelial cell barrier and leads to excessive angiogenic sprouting. Simultaneous inhibition of S1P and VEGF signaling further disrupts the tumor vascular beds, decreases tumor volume, and increases tumor cell death compared with monotherapies. These studies suggest that inhibition of angiogenesis at two stages of the multistep process may maximize the effects of antiangiogenic therapy. Together, these data suggest that combination of S1P1 and VEGFR-targeted therapy may be a useful therapeutic strategy for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma and other tumor types.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/blood supply
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Drug Therapy, Combination
- Endothelial Cells/drug effects
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Female
- Humans
- Kidney Neoplasms/blood supply
- Kidney Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Kidney Neoplasms/metabolism
- Kidney Neoplasms/pathology
- Lysophospholipids/antagonists & inhibitors
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Nude
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/drug therapy
- Sphingosine/analogs & derivatives
- Sphingosine/antagonists & inhibitors
- Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptors/antagonists & inhibitors
- Sunitinib/pharmacology
- Treatment Outcome
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/pharmacology
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaoen Wang
- Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - David C Alsop
- Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Rupal S Bhatt
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Falkowski S. Résistance aux inhibiteurs des tyrosines kinases dans le cancer du rein. Bull Cancer 2019; 105 Suppl 3:S255-S260. [PMID: 30595154 DOI: 10.1016/s0007-4551(18)30380-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
FOCUS ON RESISTANCE TO TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITORS IN RENAL CANCER: The last decade has seen significant advances in understanding the biology and genetics of kidney cancer, some of which have radically changed treatment standards, including the emergence of targeted therapies. TKIs have significantly improved outcome in patients with metastatic disease. Nevertheless, a subset of patients (approximately 25 %) does not show any clinical benefit from targeted therapies. In many cases, patients initially respond to therapy but resistance to targeted agents has been shown to develop after a median of 6-12 months of treatment. Two general models of tumor resistance to anti-angiogenic agents targeting the VEGF pathway have been proposed: an adaptive (evasive) resistance, which occurs after a prolonged application of a drug (providing a period of tumor control), or intrinsic one (preexisting) non-responsiveness despite the presence of an active agent, showing no therapeutic benefit. Intrinsic resistance is related to tumor redundancy of pro-angiogenic pathways. Acquired resistance is associated with activation of alternative pathways either by upregulation of the VEGF pathway or by recruitment of alternative angiogenic factors responsible for tumor revascularization. Because different combinations and sequences of TKI are tested in clinical trials and immunotherapy (alone or in combination) radically alters patient management in its metastatic disease, the current effort aims at identifying resistance processes, evaluating their importance and proposing rational therapeutic approaches in order to obtain an additional clinical benefit. Our article summarizes the different mechanisms of resistance described in the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Falkowski
- Service oncologie, polyclinique de Limoges, site Chénieux, 18, rue du Général-Catroux, 87000 Limoges, France.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Nagahashi M, Abe M, Sakimura K, Takabe K, Wakai T. The role of sphingosine-1-phosphate in inflammation and cancer progression. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:3671-3678. [PMID: 30238699 PMCID: PMC6272099 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many inflammatory mediators are involved in the process of carcinogenesis and cancer progression. In addition to cytokines and chemokines, lipid mediators have recently attracted attention as signaling molecules associated with inflammatory diseases. Sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P) is a pleiotropic lipid mediator that regulates cell survival and migration, immune cell recruitment, angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. S1P also plays a significant role in inflammation and cancer. The gradation of S1P concentration in the blood, lymph and tissue regulates lymphocyte trafficking, an important component of inflammation. Furthermore, cancer cells produce elevated levels of S1P, contributing to the tumor microenvironment and linking cancer and inflammation. Future technological advances may reveal greater detail about the mechanisms of S1P regulation in the tumor microenvironment and the contribution of S1P to cancer progression. Considering the critical role of S1P in linking inflammation and cancer, it is possible that the S1P signaling pathway could be a novel therapeutic target for cancers with chronic inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Nagahashi
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata City, Japan
| | - Manabu Abe
- Department of Animal Model Development, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata City, Japan
| | - Kenji Sakimura
- Department of Animal Model Development, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata City, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Takabe
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata City, Japan.,Breast Surgery, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York.,Department of Surgery, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, New York
| | - Toshifumi Wakai
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata City, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Xu Y, Dong B, Wang J, Zhang J, Xue W, Huang Y. Sphingosine kinase 1 overexpression contributes to sunitinib resistance in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1502130. [PMID: 30524898 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1502130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) is the major source of the bioactive lipid and GPCR agonist sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). Although alterations in SphK1 expression and activity have been detected in various human malignancies, its potential molecular mechanisms in the development and sunitinib resistance of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remain obscure. In this study, we aim to evaluate the clinical significance of SphK1 and to explore the therapeutic implications of combination approach for ccRCC patients. We identify upregulation of SphK1 significantly associated with poor prognosis of large cohort of ccRCC patients, which contributing to cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and survival. Suppression of SphK1 activity either by shRNA or pharmacologic inhibitior FTY720 suppresses cell growth in vitro and in vivo. A comprehensive phosphoprotein antibody array reveals that SphK1 overexpression promoted RCC progression by regulating the Akt/mTOR pathway. Moreover, FTY720 administration enhanced tumor growth inhibition effect of sunitinib treatment on RCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Our results unraveled that increased SphK1 kinase activation defines an important mechanism for sunitinib resistance, therefore contributes to tumour development and represents therapeutic targets for ccRCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunze Xu
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Baijun Dong
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xue
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiran Huang
- Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kreitzburg KM, van Waardenburg RCAM, Yoon KJ. Sphingolipid metabolism and drug resistance in ovarian cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 1:181-197. [PMID: 31891125 PMCID: PMC6936734 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2018.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite progress in understanding molecular aberrations that contribute to the development and progression of ovarian cancer, virtually all patients succumb to drug resistant disease at relapse. Emerging data implicate bioactive sphingolipids and regulation of sphingolipid metabolism as components of response to chemotherapy or development of resistance. Increases in cytosolic ceramide induce apoptosis in response to therapy with multiple classes of chemotherapeutic agents. Aberrations in sphingolipid metabolism that accelerate the catabolism of ceramide or that prevent the production and accumulation of ceramide contribute to resistance to standard of care platinum- and taxane-based agents. The aim of this review is to highlight current literature and research investigating the influence of the sphingolipids and enzymes that comprise the sphingosine-1-phosphate pathway on the progression of ovarian cancer. The focus of the review is on the utility of sphingolipid-centric therapeutics as a mechanism to circumvent drug resistance in this tumor type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M Kreitzburg
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | | | - Karina J Yoon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Huwiler A, Zangemeister-Wittke U. The sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator fingolimod as a therapeutic agent: Recent findings and new perspectives. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 185:34-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
37
|
Lai Y, Zhao Z, Zeng T, Liang X, Chen D, Duan X, Zeng G, Wu W. Crosstalk between VEGFR and other receptor tyrosine kinases for TKI therapy of metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2018. [PMID: 29527128 PMCID: PMC5838927 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0530-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common subtype of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and is frequently accompanied by the genetic features of von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) loss. VHL loss increases the expression of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) and their targets, including epidermal growth factor (EGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). The primary treatment for metastatic RCC (mRCC) is molecular-targeted therapy, especially anti-angiogenic therapy. VEGF monoclonal antibodies and VEGF receptor (VEGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the main drugs used in anti-angiogenic therapy. However, crosstalk between VEGFR and other tyrosine kinase or downstream pathways produce resistance to TKI treatment, and the multi-target inhibitors, HIF inhibitors or combination strategies are promising strategies for mRCC. HIFs are upstream of the crosstalk between the growth factors, and these factors may regulate the expression of VEGR, EGF, PDGF and other growth factors. The frequent VHL loss in ccRCC increases HIF expression, and HIFs may be an ideal candidate to overcome the TKI resistance. The combination of HIF inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors is also anticipated. Various clinical trials of programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitors are planned. The present study reviews the effects of current and potential TKIs on mRCC, with a focus on VEGF/VEGFR and other targets for mRCC therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongchang Lai
- Department of Urology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Guangzhou Urology Research Institute, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Kangda Road 1#, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510230 Guangdong China
| | - Zhijian Zhao
- Department of Urology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Guangzhou Urology Research Institute, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Kangda Road 1#, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510230 Guangdong China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Department of Urology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Guangzhou Urology Research Institute, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Kangda Road 1#, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510230 Guangdong China
| | - Xiongfa Liang
- Department of Urology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Guangzhou Urology Research Institute, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Kangda Road 1#, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510230 Guangdong China
| | - Dong Chen
- Department of Urology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Guangzhou Urology Research Institute, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Kangda Road 1#, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510230 Guangdong China
| | - Xiaolu Duan
- Department of Urology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Guangzhou Urology Research Institute, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Kangda Road 1#, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510230 Guangdong China
| | - Guohua Zeng
- Department of Urology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Guangzhou Urology Research Institute, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Kangda Road 1#, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510230 Guangdong China
| | - Wenqi Wu
- Department of Urology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Guangzhou Urology Research Institute, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Kangda Road 1#, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510230 Guangdong China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
Studies of bioactive lipids in general and sphingolipids in particular have intensified over the past several years, revealing an unprecedented and unanticipated complexity of the lipidome and its many functions, which rivals, if not exceeds, that of the genome or proteome. These results highlight critical roles for bioactive sphingolipids in most, if not all, major cell biological responses, including all major cell signalling pathways, and they link sphingolipid metabolism to key human diseases. Nevertheless, the fairly nascent field of bioactive sphingolipids still faces challenges in its biochemical and molecular underpinnings, including defining the molecular mechanisms of pathway and enzyme regulation, the study of lipid-protein interactions and the development of cellular probes, suitable biomarkers and therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf A Hannun
- Stony Brook Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, New York 11794, USA
| | - Lina M Obeid
- Stony Brook Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, New York 11794, USA
- Northport Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northport, New York 11768, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Schaeffeler E, Büttner F, Reustle A, Klumpp V, Winter S, Rausch S, Fisel P, Hennenlotter J, Kruck S, Stenzl A, Wahrheit J, Sonntag D, Scharpf M, Fend F, Agaimy A, Hartmann A, Bedke J, Schwab M. Metabolic and Lipidomic Reprogramming in Renal Cell Carcinoma Subtypes Reflects Regions of Tumor Origin. Eur Urol Focus 2018; 5:608-618. [PMID: 29452772 DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2018.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) consists of prognostic distinct subtypes derived from different cells of origin (eg, clear cell RCC [ccRCC], papillary RCC [papRCC], and chromophobe RCC [chRCC]). ccRCC is characterized by lipid accumulation and metabolic alterations, whereas data on metabolic alterations in non-ccRCC are limited. OBJECTIVE We assessed metabolic alterations and the lipid composition of RCC subtypes and ccRCC-derived metastases. Moreover, we elucidated the potential of metabolites/lipids for subtype classification and identification of therapeutic targets. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Metabolomic/lipidomic profiles were quantified in ccRCC (n=58), chRCC (n=19), papRCC (n=14), corresponding nontumor tissues, and metastases (n=9) through a targeted metabolomic approach. Transcriptome profiling was performed in corresponding samples and compared with expression data of The Cancer Genome Atlas cohorts (patients with ccRCC, n=452; patients with papRCC, n=260; and patients with chRCC, n=59). OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS In addition to cluster analyses, metabolomic/transcriptomic data were analyzed to evaluate metabolic differences of ccRCC and chRCC using Welch's t test or paired t test as appropriate. Where indicated, p values were adjusted for multiple testing using Bonferroni or Benjamini-Hochberg correction. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS Based on their metabolic profiles, RCC subtypes clustered into two groups separating ccRCC and papRCC from chRCC, which mainly reflected the different cells of origin. ccRCC-derived metastases clustered with primary ccRCCs. In addition to differences in certain lipids (lysophosphatidylcholines and sphingomyelins), the coregulation network of lipids differed between ccRCC and chRCC. Consideration of metabolic gene expression indicated, for example, alterations of the polyamine pathway at metabolite and transcript levels. In vitro treatment of RCC cells with the ornithine-decarboxylase inhibitor difluoromethylornithine resulted in reduced cell viability and mitochondrial activity. Further evaluation of clinical utility was limited by the retrospective study design and cohort size. CONCLUSIONS In summary, we provide novel insight into the metabolic profiles of ccRCC and non-ccRCC, thereby confirming the different ontogeny of RCC subtypes. Quantification of differentially regulated metabolites/lipids improves classification of RCC with an impact on the identification of novel therapeutic targets. PATIENT SUMMARY Several subtypes of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with different metastatic potentials and prognoses exist. In the present study, we provide novel insight into the metabolism of these different subtypes, which improves classification of subtypes and helps identify novel targets for RCC therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elke Schaeffeler
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany; University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Florian Büttner
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany; University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Anna Reustle
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany; University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Verena Klumpp
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany; University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Winter
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany; University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Steffen Rausch
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Pascale Fisel
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany; University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jörg Hennenlotter
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Stephan Kruck
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Arnulf Stenzl
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Marcus Scharpf
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Falko Fend
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Abbas Agaimy
- Institute of Pathology, University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jens Bedke
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Schwab
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany; University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
The microRNA signature of patients with sunitinib failure: regulation of UHRF1 pathways by microRNA-101 in renal cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:59070-59086. [PMID: 27487138 PMCID: PMC5312296 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular targeted therapy is a standard treatment for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Sunitinib is one of the most common molecular-targeted drugs for metastatic RCC. Molecular mechanisms of sunitinib resistance in RCC cells is still ambiguous. The microRNA (miRNA) expression signature of patients with sunitinib failure in RCC was constructed using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based array. Several miRNAs that were aberrantly expressed in RCC tissues from patients treated with sunitinib were identified in this analysis. MicroRNA-101 (miR- 101) was markedly suppressed in sunitinib treated RCC tissues. Restoration of miR-101 significantly inhibited cell migration and invasion in Caki-1 and 786-O cells. Ubiquitin-like with PHD and ring finger domains 1 (UHRF1) was directly suppressed by miR-101 in RCC cells, and overexpression of UHRF1 was confirmed in sunitinib-treated RCC tissues. The pathways of nucleotide excision repair and mismatch repair were significantly suppressed by knockdown of UHRF1. Our findings showed that antitumor miR-101- mediated UHRF1 pathways may be suppressed by sunitinib treatment.
Collapse
|
41
|
Korbecki J, Gutowska I, Kojder I, Jeżewski D, Goschorska M, Łukomska A, Lubkowska A, Chlubek D, Baranowska-Bosiacka I. New extracellular factors in glioblastoma multiforme development: neurotensin, growth differentiation factor-15, sphingosine-1-phosphate and cytomegalovirus infection. Oncotarget 2018; 9:7219-7270. [PMID: 29467963 PMCID: PMC5805549 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent years have seen considerable progress in understanding the biochemistry of cancer. For example, more significance is now assigned to the tumor microenvironment, especially with regard to intercellular signaling in the tumor niche which depends on many factors secreted by tumor cells. In addition, great progress has been made in understanding the influence of factors such as neurotensin, growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), and infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV) on the 'hallmarks of cancer' in glioblastoma multiforme. Therefore, in the present work we describe the influence of these factors on the proliferation and apoptosis of neoplastic cells, cancer stem cells, angiogenesis, migration and invasion, and cancer immune evasion in a glioblastoma multiforme tumor. In particular, we discuss the effect of neurotensin, GDF-15, S1P (including the drug FTY720), and infection with CMV on tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), microglial cells, neutrophil and regulatory T cells (Treg), on the tumor microenvironment. In order to better understand the role of the aforementioned factors in tumoral processes, we outline the latest models of intratumoral heterogeneity in glioblastoma multiforme. Based on the most recent reports, we discuss the problems of multi-drug therapy in treating glioblastoma multiforme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Korbecki
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bielsko-Biała, 43-309 Bielsko-Biała, Poland
| | - Izabela Gutowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ireneusz Kojder
- Department of Applied Neurocognitivistics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland.,Department of Neurosurgery, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dariusz Jeżewski
- Department of Applied Neurocognitivistics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland.,Department of Neurosurgery, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marta Goschorska
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Łukomska
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Lubkowska
- Department of Functional Diagnostics and Physical Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Tsuchida J, Nagahashi M, Takabe K, Wakai T. Clinical Impact of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate in Breast Cancer. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:2076239. [PMID: 28912626 PMCID: PMC5585627 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2076239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer metastasizes to lymph nodes or other organs, which determine the prognosis of patients. It is difficult to cure the breast cancer patients with distant metastasis due to resistance to drug therapies. Elucidating the underlying mechanisms of breast cancer metastasis and drug resistance is expected to provide new therapeutic targets. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a pleiotropic, bioactive lipid mediator that regulates many cellular functions, including proliferation, migration, survival, angiogenesis/lymphangiogenesis, and immune responses. S1P is formed in cells by sphingosine kinases and released from them, which acts in an autocrine, paracrine, and/or endocrine manner. S1P in extracellular space, such as interstitial fluid, interacts with components in the tumor microenvironment, which may be important for metastasis. Importantly, recent translational research has demonstrated an association between S1P levels in breast cancer patients and clinical outcomes, highlighting the clinical importance of S1P in breast cancer. We suggest that S1P is one of the key molecules to overcome the resistance to the drug therapies, such as hormonal therapy, anti-HER2 therapy, or chemotherapy, all of which are crucial aspects of a breast cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junko Tsuchida
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Masayuki Nagahashi
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Takabe
- Breast Surgery, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
- Department of Surgery, University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Toshifumi Wakai
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Doan NB, Nguyen HS, Al-Gizawiy MM, Mueller WM, Sabbadini RA, Rand SD, Connelly JM, Chitambar CR, Schmainda KM, Mirza SP. Acid ceramidase confers radioresistance to glioblastoma cells. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:1932-1940. [PMID: 28765947 PMCID: PMC5652937 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary, intracranial malignancy of the central nervous system. The standard treatment protocol, which involves surgical resection, and concurrent radiation with adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ), still imparts a grim prognosis. Ultimately, all GBMs exhibit recurrence or progression, developing resistance to standard treatment. This study demonstrates that GBMs acquire resistance to radiation via upregulation of acid ceramidase (ASAH1) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (Sph-1P). Moreover, inhibition of ASAH1 and Sph-1P, either with humanized monoclonal antibodies, small molecule drugs (i.e. carmofur), or a combination of both, led to suppression of GBM cell growth. These results suggest that ASAH1 and Sph-1P may be excellent targets for the treatment of new GBMs and recurrent GBMs, especially since the latter overexpresses ASAH1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ninh B Doan
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Ha S Nguyen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Mona M Al-Gizawiy
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Wade M Mueller
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Roger A Sabbadini
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, and Lpath Inc., San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Scott D Rand
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Jennifer M Connelly
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | | | | | - Shama P Mirza
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Camp ER, Patterson LD, Kester M, Voelkel-Johnson C. Therapeutic implications of bioactive sphingolipids: A focus on colorectal cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2017; 18:640-650. [PMID: 28686076 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2017.1345396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapy of colorectal cancer (CRC), especially a subset known as locally advanced rectal cancer, is challenged by progression and recurrence. Sphingolipids, a lipid subtype with vital roles in cellular function, play an important role in CRC and impact on therapeutic outcomes. In this review we discuss how dietary sphingolipids or the gut microbiome via alterations in sphingolipids influence CRC carcinogenesis. In addition, we discuss the expression of sphingolipid enzymes in the gastro-intestinal tract, their alterations in CRC, and the implications for therapy responsiveness. Lastly, we highlight some novel therapeutics that target sphingolipid signaling and have potential applications in the treatment of CRC. Understanding how sphingolipid metabolism impacts cell death susceptibility and drug resistance will be critical toward improving therapeutic outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Ramsay Camp
- a Department of Surgery Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston SC , USA
| | - Logan D Patterson
- b Department of Pharmacology , University of Virginia , Charlottesville VA , USA
| | - Mark Kester
- b Department of Pharmacology , University of Virginia , Charlottesville VA , USA
| | - Christina Voelkel-Johnson
- c Department of Microbiology & Immunology , Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston SC , USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Fangning W, Chunguang M, Hailiang Z, Guohai S, Yao Z, Bo D, Yijun S, Yiping Z, Dingwei Y. Identification and validation of soluble carrier family expression signature for predicting poor outcome of renal cell carcinoma. J Cancer 2017; 8:2010-2017. [PMID: 28819401 PMCID: PMC5559962 DOI: 10.7150/jca.18257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The soluble carrier (SLC) family plays an important role in cell metabolism. The purpose of the current study was to screen SLCs as potential prognostic factors in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). A total of 509 patients with ccRCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort were enrolled in this study. The expression profile of SLCs was obtained from the TCGA RNAseq database. Metadata of the TCGA cohort, including age, sex, TNM stage, tumor grade, American Joint Committee on Cancer stage, laterality, and overall survival, were collected. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze the relative factors. Prognosis-associated genes were further validated in a Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) cohort consisting of 178 patients. Among a total of 364 SLC transporters, 61 were independent predictors of ccRCC patient overall survival. Among the 61 SLC transporters, 26 were significantly downregulated and 23 were significantly upregulated in tumor tissues compared with non-malignant kidney tissues. Analyses of two open source, RNA expression data sets on sunitinib response revealed that SLC10A2 was downregulated in tyrosine kinase inhibitor-resistant samples. We validated SLC10A2 expression in the FUSCC cohort and showed that SLC10A2 expression was an independent prognostic predictor of overall survival of ccRCC (hazard ratio=0.432, 95% CI: 0.204-0.915). Our results identified a number of associations of SLC gene expression with prognosis of ccRCC patients, indicating that these genes may represent possible oncogenes that could serve as therapeutic targets of ccRCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan Fangning
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Ma Chunguang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhang Hailiang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi Guohai
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhu Yao
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Dai Bo
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Shen Yijun
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhu Yiping
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Dingwei
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Nielsen OH, Li Y, Johansson-Lindbom B, Coskun M. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Signaling in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Trends Mol Med 2017; 23:362-374. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
47
|
Sphingosine-1-phosphate/sphingosine kinase 1-dependent lymph node metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Surg Today 2017; 47:1312-1320. [DOI: 10.1007/s00595-017-1514-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
48
|
Computational investigation of sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) and calcium dependent ERK1/2 activation downstream of VEGFR2 in endothelial cells. PLoS Comput Biol 2017; 13:e1005332. [PMID: 28178265 PMCID: PMC5298229 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a powerful regulator of neovascularization. VEGF binding to its cognate receptor, VEGFR2, activates a number of signaling pathways including ERK1/2. Activation of ERK1/2 is experimentally shown to involve sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) activation and its calcium-dependent translocation downstream of ERK1/2. Here we construct a rule-based computational model of signaling downstream of VEGFR2, by including SphK1 and calcium positive feedback mechanisms, and investigate their consequences on ERK1/2 activation. The model predicts the existence of VEGF threshold in ERK1/2 activation that can be continuously tuned by cellular concentrations of SphK1 and sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P). The computer model also predicts powerful effects of perturbations in plasma and ER calcium pump rates and the current through the CRAC channels on ERK1/2 activation dynamics, highlighting the critical role of intracellular calcium in shaping the pERK1/2 signal. The model is then utilized to simulate anti-angiogenic therapeutic interventions targeting VEGFR2-ERK1/2 axis. Simulations indicate that monotherapies that exclusively target VEGFR2 phosphorylation, VEGF, or VEGFR2 are ineffective in shutting down signaling to ERK1/2. By simulating therapeutic strategies that target multiple nodes of the pathway such as Raf and SphK1, we conclude that combination therapy should be much more effective in blocking VEGF signaling to EKR1/2. The model has important implications for interventions that target signaling pathways in angiogenesis relevant to cancer, vascular diseases, and wound healing. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling is a potent regulator of angiogenesis, the growth and development of new vessels out of a preexisting vascular network. Angiogenesis requires enhanced survival, proliferation, and motility of the vascular endothelial cells. Crucial signaling endpoints in VEGF-mediated angiogenic response include elevation in intracellular calcium and the activation of the proteins ERK1 and 2 (ERK1/2). In this study, we have developed a novel computer model for the activation of ERK1/2 and calcium downstream of VEGF receptor type 2 (VEGFR2). Our model is the first of its kind to incorporate and investigate the consequences of calcium elevation and the role of a cellular lipid modifier known as sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1). We also utilize the model to simulate therapeutic strategies targeting VEGF signaling to ERK1/2 indicating inefficiency of single therapies known as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) that target receptor phosphorylation. Computer simulations indicate that combination therapy is essential for effective blockade of this important pathway. Our results have important implications for human diseases such as cancer where plethora of anti-VEGF therapies are currently employed. Overall, our computer model sheds new light on a complex feedback involving SphK1 and calcium that radically alters the response of cells to VEGF.
Collapse
|
49
|
Fu D, Li Y, Li J, Shi X, Yang R, Zhong Y, Wang H, Liao A. The effect of S1P receptor signaling pathway on the survival and drug resistance in multiple myeloma cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 424:185-193. [PMID: 27785703 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2854-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) remains incurable by conventional chemotherapy. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor-mediated signaling has been recently demonstrated to have critical roles in cell survival and drug resistance in a number of hematological malignancies. To dissect the roles of S1P receptor pathway in MM, we systematically examined cell viability and protein expression associated with cell survival and drug resistance in MM cell lines upon treatment with either pathway activator (S1P) or inhibitor (FTY720). Our results reveal that FTY720 inhibits cell proliferation by downregulating expression of target genes, while S1P has an opposite effect. Knocking down of S1P receptor S1P5R results in a reduction of cell survival-related gene expression; however, it does not have impacts on expression of drug resistance genes. These results suggest that S1P signaling plays a role in cell proliferation and drug resistance in MM, and targeting this pathway will provide a new therapeutic direction for MM management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Di Fu
- Department of Hematology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110021, Liaoning, China
| | - Yingchun Li
- Department of Hematology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110021, Liaoning, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Hematology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110021, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoyan Shi
- Department of Hematology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110021, Liaoning, China
| | - Ronghui Yang
- Department of Hematology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110021, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuan Zhong
- Department of Hematology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110021, Liaoning, China
| | - Huihan Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110021, Liaoning, China
| | - Aijun Liao
- Department of Hematology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang, 110021, Liaoning, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Rodriguez YI, Campos LE, Castro MG, Aladhami A, Oskeritzian CA, Alvarez SE. Sphingosine-1 Phosphate: A New Modulator of Immune Plasticity in the Tumor Microenvironment. Front Oncol 2016; 6:218. [PMID: 27800303 PMCID: PMC5066089 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last 15 years, increasing evidences demonstrate a strong link between sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and both normal physiology and progression of different diseases, including cancer and inflammation. Indeed, numerous studies show that tissue levels of this sphingolipid metabolite are augmented in many cancers, affecting survival, proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastatic spread. Recent insights into the possible role of S1P as a therapeutic target has attracted enormous attention and opened new opportunities in this evolving field. In this review, we will focus on the role of S1P in cancer, with particular emphasis in new developments that highlight the many functions of this sphingolipid in the tumor microenvironment. We will discuss how S1P modulates phenotypic plasticity of macrophages and mast cells, tumor-induced immune evasion, differentiation and survival of immune cells in the tumor milieu, interaction between cancer and stromal cells, and hypoxic response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yamila I Rodriguez
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas San Luis (IMIBIO-SL) CONICET , San Luis , Argentina
| | - Ludmila E Campos
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas San Luis (IMIBIO-SL) CONICET , San Luis , Argentina
| | - Melina G Castro
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas San Luis (IMIBIO-SL) CONICET , San Luis , Argentina
| | - Ahmed Aladhami
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine , Columbia, SC , USA
| | - Carole A Oskeritzian
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine , Columbia, SC , USA
| | - Sergio E Alvarez
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas San Luis (IMIBIO-SL) CONICET, San Luis, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|