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Yuan S, Ling Y, Huang X, Tan S, Li W, Xu A, Lyu J. Associations between the use of common nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, genetic susceptibility and dementia in participants with chronic pain: A prospective study based on 194,758 participants from the UK Biobank. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 169:152-159. [PMID: 38039689 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential relationship between common nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), genetic susceptibility and all-cause dementia (ACD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VD) among individuals experiencing chronic pain. METHODS This study was based on 194,758 chronic pain participants form UK biobank with a median follow-up of 13.7 years. Participants were categorized into different NSAIDs painkiller regimen groups: No NSAIDs group, Aspirin group, Ibuprofen group, Paracetamol group, and 2-3 NSAIDs group. Cox proportional risk models were used to examine the correlation between regular NSAIDs usage and the risk of ACD, AD, and VD. In addition, we further performed subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses. RESULTS 1) Compared to the No NSAIDs group, the aspirin group (HR = 1.12, 95% CI:1.01-1.24, P < 0.05), the paracetamol group (HR = 1.15, 95% CI:1.05-1.27, P < 0.01), and the 2-3 NSAIDs group (HR = 1.2, 95% CI:1.08-1.33, P < 0.05) showed a higher risk of ACD. Furthermore, the 2-3 NSAIDs group was also associated with a higher risk of VD (HR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.08-1.33, P < 0.05). 2) At high dementia GRS participants with chronic pain, the paracetamol group (HR = 1.2, 95% CI: 1.03-1.43, P < 0.05) and the NSAIDs group (HR = 1.3, 95% CI: 1.07-1.59, P < 0.05) were associated with a higher risk of ACD compared to the no painkiller group. 3) There was no significant association between ibuprofen use and higher risk of dementia. CONCLUSION In individuals with chronic pain, the use of aspirin and paracetamol was associated with a higher risk of ACD, whereas the use of ibuprofen was not significantly associated with a higher risk of ACD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Yuan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No.613, Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China
| | - Yitong Ling
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No.613, Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China
| | - Xiaxuan Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No.613, Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China
| | - Shanyuan Tan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No.613, Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China
| | - Wanyue Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No.613, Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China
| | - Anding Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No.613, Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China.
| | - Jun Lyu
- Department of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No.613, Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, China.
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Jiminez V, Yusuf N. An update on clinical trials for chemoprevention of human skin cancer. JOURNAL OF CANCER METASTASIS AND TREATMENT 2023; 9:4. [PMID: 37786882 PMCID: PMC10544834 DOI: 10.20517/2394-4722.2022.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of skin cancer is complex, with multiple factors contributing to its development. The proactive treatment of skin cancer has been investigated in the form of chemoprevention of cutaneous malignancies in clinical trials. Chemoprevention is the use of natural or pharmacologic agents that prevent or reverse skin cancer development. Multiple trials have arisen over the past decades to explore the efficacy of specific agents to halt the progression of UV radiation damage. This comprehensive review article aims to assess clinical trials performed with chemopreventive agents for melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers. The following compounds were most often used in these trials: nicotinamide, retinoids, polyphenolic antioxidants, COX-2 selective inhibitors, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, difluoromethylornithine, and 5-fluorouracil. Many agents show promise in their ability to prevent nonmelanoma skin cancer formation, with few melanoma trials demonstrating efficacy. The chemoprevention efforts aimed at skin cancer are complex; current and future trials will be instrumental in identifying therapeutic agents that pose efficacy in halting cancer development and assessing whether long-term administration is tolerable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Jiminez
- Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA
| | - Nabiha Yusuf
- Department of Dermatology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA
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Rahman H, Liu T, Askaryar S, Grossman D. Aspirin Protects against UVB-Induced DNA Damage through Activation of AMP Kinase. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:154-162.e3. [PMID: 35926656 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory and chemopreventive activities of aspirin (ASA) may be mediated through its cyclooxygenase inhibitor function. We have previously shown that ASA can protect against UVR-induced skin inflammation and DNA damage; however, the role of inflammation in UV-induced DNA damage and the mechanism underlying ASA protection are poorly characterized. Using immunodeficient NOD scid gamma mice and immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice treated with immune cell‒depleting antibodies, we found that inflammation was not required for UVB-induced 8-oxoguanine and cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers in vivo. Unlike ASA, neither its immediate metabolite salicylate nor the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin reduced UVB-induced 8-oxoguanine or cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers in melanocyte Melan-a or keratinocyte HaCat cells in vitro. Moreover, addition of prostaglandin E2 did not reverse the protective effect of ASA on UVB-treated cells. Phosphorylation of the 5' AMP protein kinase, observed in ASA-treated cells, could be blocked by the 5' AMP protein kinase inhibitor compound C. Compound C or 5' AMP protein kinase knockdown partially reduced ASA-mediated protection against UVB-induced DNA damage. Finally, injection of compound C partially reversed the protective effect of ASA on UVB-treated mouse skin in vivo. These studies suggest that ASA confers protection against UVB-induced DNA damage through the activation of 5' AMP protein kinase rather than through cyclooxygenase inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafeez Rahman
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Tong Liu
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Sajjad Askaryar
- University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Douglas Grossman
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
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Turabi KS, Deshmukh A, Paul S, Swami D, Siddiqui S, Kumar U, Naikar S, Devarajan S, Basu S, Paul MK, Aich J. Drug repurposing-an emerging strategy in cancer therapeutics. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 395:1139-1158. [PMID: 35695911 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02263-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease affecting millions of people around the world. Despite advances in surgical and radiation therapy, chemotherapy continues to be an important therapeutic option for the treatment of cancer. The current treatment is expensive and has several side effects. Also, over time, cancer cells develop resistance to chemotherapy, due to which there is a demand for new drugs. Drug repurposing is a novel approach that focuses on finding new applications for the old clinically approved drugs. Current advances in the high-dimensional multiomics landscape, especially proteomics, genomics, and computational omics-data analysis, have facilitated drug repurposing. The drug repurposing approach provides cheaper, effective, and safe drugs with fewer side effects and fastens the process of drug development. The review further delineates each repurposed drug's original indication and mechanism of action in cancer. Along with this, the article also provides insight upon artificial intelligence and its application in drug repurposing. Clinical trials are vital for determining medication safety and effectiveness, and hence the clinical studies for each repurposed medicine in cancer, including their stages, status, and National Clinical Trial (NCT) identification, are reported in this review article. Various emerging evidences imply that repurposing drugs is critical for the faster and more affordable discovery of anti-cancerous drugs, and the advent of artificial intelligence-based computational tools can accelerate the translational cancer-targeting pipeline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija Shahab Turabi
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, DY Patil Deemed to Be University, CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400614, India
| | - Ankita Deshmukh
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, DY Patil Deemed to Be University, CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400614, India
| | - Sayan Paul
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, 560065, India
| | - Dayanand Swami
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, DY Patil Deemed to Be University, CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400614, India
| | - Shafina Siddiqui
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, DY Patil Deemed to Be University, CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400614, India
| | - Urwashi Kumar
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, DY Patil Deemed to Be University, CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400614, India
| | - Shreelekha Naikar
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, DY Patil Deemed to Be University, CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400614, India
| | - Shine Devarajan
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, DY Patil Deemed to Be University, CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400614, India
| | - Soumya Basu
- Cancer and Translational Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, 411033, India
| | - Manash K Paul
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Jyotirmoi Aich
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, DY Patil Deemed to Be University, CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400614, India.
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Okwundu N, Rahman H, Liu T, Florell SR, Boucher KM, Grossman D. A Randomized Double-blind Placebo-controlled Trial of Oral Aspirin for Protection of Melanocytic Nevi Against UV-induced DNA Damage. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2022; 15:129-138. [PMID: 34750146 PMCID: PMC8828675 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-21-0399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
DNA damage plays a role in ultraviolet (UV)-induced melanoma. We previously showed that aspirin (ASA) can suppress prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2) and protect melanocytes from UV-induced DNA damage in mice, and suggested that taking ASA before acute sun exposure may reduce melanoma risk. We conducted a prospective randomized placebo-controlled trial to determine if orally administered ASA could suppress PGE2 in plasma and nevi and protect nevi from UV-induced DNA damage. After obtaining plasma and determining the minimal erythemal dose (MED) in 95 subjects at increased risk for melanoma, they were randomized to receive a daily dose of placebo, 81 mg ASA, or 325 mg ASA, in double-blind fashion for one month. After this intervention, one nevus was irradiated (dose = 1 or 2 MED) using a solar simulator. One day later, MED was re-determined, a second plasma sample was obtained, and the UV-irradiated nevus and an unirradiated nevus were removed. ASA metabolites were detected in the second plasma sample in subjects in the ASA arms. There were no significant differences in the pre- and post-intervention MED between those patients receiving ASA and placebo. Significantly reduced PGE2 levels were detected in plasma (second vs. first samples) and in nevi (both unirradiated and UV-treated) in subjects receiving ASA compared to placebo. Comparing UV-treated nevi from the ASA and placebo cohorts, however, did not reveal significant reductions in CD3-cell infiltration or 8-oxoguanine and cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers. Thus ASA did not effectively protect nevi from solar-simulated UV-induced inflammation and DNA damage under the conditions examined. PREVENTION RELEVANCE: Despite promising rationale, ASA at conventional dosing was not able to protect nevi against UV-induced DNA damage under the conditions examined.See related Spotlight, p. 71.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nwanneka Okwundu
- From the Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Hafeez Rahman
- From the Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Tong Liu
- From the Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Scott R Florell
- Departments of Dermatology, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Kenneth M Boucher
- From the Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Internal Medicine, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Douglas Grossman
- From the Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah.
- Departments of Dermatology, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Oncological Sciences, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
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In Vitro Effects of Selective COX and LOX Inhibitors and Their Combinations with Antineoplastic Drugs in the Mouse Melanoma Cell Line B16F10. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126498. [PMID: 34204367 PMCID: PMC8234702 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The constitutive expression or overactivation of cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) enzymes results in aberrant metabolism of arachidonic acid and poor prognosis in melanoma. Our aim is to compare the in vitro effects of selective COX-1 (acetylsalicylic acid), COX-2 (meloxicam), 5-LOX (MK-886 and AA-861), 12-LOX (baicalein) and 15-LOX (PD-146176) inhibition in terms of proliferation (SRB assay), mitochondrial viability (MTT assay), caspase 3-7 activity (chemiluminescent assay), 2D antimigratory (scratch assay) and synthesis of eicosanoids (EIA) in the B16F10 cell line (single treatments). We also explore their combinatorial pharmacological space with dacarbazine and temozolomide (median effect method). Overall, our results with single treatments show a superior cytotoxic efficacy of selective LOX inhibitors over selective COX inhibitors against B16F10 cells. PD-146176 caused the strongest antiproliferation effect which was accompanied by cell cycle arrest in G1 phase and an >50-fold increase in caspases 3/7 activity. When the selected inhibitors are combined with the antineoplastic drugs, only meloxicam provides clear synergy, with LOX inhibitors mostly antagonizing. These apparent contradictions between single and combination treatments, together with some paradoxical effects observed in the biosynthesis of eicosanoids after FLAP inhibition in short term incubations, warrant further mechanistical in vitro and in vivo scrutiny.
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Tudor DV, Bâldea I, Olteanu DE, Fischer-Fodor E, Piroska V, Lupu M, Călinici T, Decea RM, Filip GA. Celecoxib as a Valuable Adjuvant in Cutaneous Melanoma Treated with Trametinib. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4387. [PMID: 33922284 PMCID: PMC8122835 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma patients stop responding to targeted therapies mainly due to mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway re-activation, phosphoinositide 3 kinase/the mechanistic target of rapamycin (PI3K/mTOR) pathway activation or stromal cell influence. The future of melanoma treatment lies in combinational approaches. To address this, our in vitro study evaluated if lower concentrations of Celecoxib (IC50 in nM range) could still preserve the chemopreventive effect on melanoma cells treated with trametinib. MATERIALS AND METHODS All experiments were conducted on SK-MEL-28 human melanoma cells and BJ human fibroblasts, used as co-culture. Co-culture cells were subjected to a celecoxib and trametinib drug combination for 72 h. We focused on the evaluation of cell death mechanisms, melanogenesis, angiogenesis, inflammation and resistance pathways. RESULTS Low-dose celecoxib significantly enhanced the melanoma response to trametinib. The therapeutic combination reduced nuclear transcription factor (NF)-kB (p < 0.0001) and caspase-8/caspase-3 activation (p < 0.0001), inhibited microphthalmia transcription factor (MITF) and tyrosinase (p < 0.05) expression and strongly down-regulated the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway more significantly than the control or trametinib group (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Low concentrations of celecoxib (IC50 in nM range) sufficed to exert antineoplastic capabilities and enhanced the therapeutic response of metastatic melanoma treated with trametinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Valentina Tudor
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.V.T.); (I.B.); (M.L.); (R.M.D.); (G.A.F.)
| | - Ioana Bâldea
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.V.T.); (I.B.); (M.L.); (R.M.D.); (G.A.F.)
| | - Diana Elena Olteanu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.V.T.); (I.B.); (M.L.); (R.M.D.); (G.A.F.)
| | - Eva Fischer-Fodor
- “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuță” Oncology Institute, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (E.F.-F.); (V.P.)
| | - Virag Piroska
- “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuță” Oncology Institute, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (E.F.-F.); (V.P.)
| | - Mihai Lupu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.V.T.); (I.B.); (M.L.); (R.M.D.); (G.A.F.)
| | - Tudor Călinici
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Roxana Maria Decea
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.V.T.); (I.B.); (M.L.); (R.M.D.); (G.A.F.)
| | - Gabriela Adriana Filip
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.V.T.); (I.B.); (M.L.); (R.M.D.); (G.A.F.)
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Rahman H, Kumar D, Liu T, Okwundu N, Lum D, Florell SR, Burd CE, Boucher KM, VanBrocklin MW, Grossman D. Aspirin Protects Melanocytes and Keratinocytes against UVB-Induced DNA Damage In Vivo. J Invest Dermatol 2020; 141:132-141.e3. [PMID: 32569596 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
UVR promotes skin cancer through multiple mechanisms, including induction of inflammation, oxidative stress, and DNA damage such as 8-oxoguanine and cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers. We investigated whether the anti-inflammatory activities of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid [ASA]) could protect against UVB-induced DNA damage and skin carcinogenesis. ASA reduced UVB-induced 8-oxoguanine and cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers in Melan-A melanocytes and HaCaT keratinocytes. Skin from UVB-irradiated C57BL/6 mice receiving 0.4 mg ASA daily by gavage exhibited less inflammation, fewer sunburn cells, and reduced 8-oxoguanine lesions than skin from irradiated control animals. ASA similarly reduced UVB-induced sunburn cells, 8-oxoguanine, and cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer lesions in skin of melanoma-prone TN61R mice, and this was associated with decreased prostaglandin E2 in plasma and skin. These effects of ASA, however, did not delay melanoma onset in TN61R mice exposed to a single neonatal dose of UVB. In SKH1-E mice prone to squamous cell carcinoma, ASA reduced plasma and skin prostaglandin E2 levels and indices of UVB-induced DNA damage and delayed squamous cell carcinoma onset induced by chronic UVB. These results indicate that ASA can protect against UVB-induced inflammation in skin and reduce UVB-induced DNA damage in both melanocytes and keratinocytes. These effects translated into greater chemopreventive efficacy for UVB-induced squamous cell carcinoma than melanoma mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafeez Rahman
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Dileep Kumar
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Tong Liu
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Nwanneka Okwundu
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - David Lum
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Scott R Florell
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Christin E Burd
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Kenneth M Boucher
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Matthew W VanBrocklin
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Douglas Grossman
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
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Abstract
The worldwide incidence of melanoma has risen rapidly in the past 50 years and is a considerable public health burden in the United States, with significant financial implications. Studies have demonstrated the potential anticarcinogenic effects of antihypertensive agents, specifically beta-blockers, in patients with prostate cancer, breast cancer, and lately cutaneous malignant melanoma. This article explores the empirical clinical evidence of propranolol's anticarcinogenic effects on melanoma and the chemoprotective mechanisms of beta-blockers and other agents that have been used to modify melanoma progression.
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Varedi A, Rahman H, Kumar D, Catrow JL, Cox JE, Liu T, Florell SR, Boucher KM, Okwundu N, Burnett WJ, VanBrocklin MW, Grossman D. ASA Suppresses PGE 2 in Plasma and Melanocytic Nevi of Human Subjects at Increased Risk for Melanoma. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13010007. [PMID: 31906519 PMCID: PMC7168893 DOI: 10.3390/ph13010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Potential anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenic effects of aspirin (ASA) may be suitable for melanoma chemoprevention, but defining biomarkers in relevant target tissues is prerequisite to performing randomized controlled chemoprevention trials. We conducted open-label studies with ASA in 53 human subjects with melanocytic nevi at increased risk for melanoma. In a pilot study, 12 subjects received a single dose (325 mg) of ASA; metabolites salicylate, salicylurate, and gentisic acid were detected in plasma after 4–8 h, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was suppressed in both plasma and nevi for up to 24 h. Subsequently, 41 subjects received either 325 or 81 mg ASA (nonrandomized) daily for one week. ASA metabolites were consistently detected in plasma and nevi, and PGE2 levels were significantly reduced in both plasma and nevi. Subchronic ASA dosing did not affect 5” adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation in nevi or leukocyte subsets in peripheral blood, although metabolomic and cytokine profiling of plasma revealed significant decreases in various (non-ASA-derived) metabolites and inflammatory cytokines. In summary, short courses of daily ASA reduce plasma and nevus PGE2 and some metabolites and cytokines in plasma of human subjects at increased risk for melanoma. PGE2 may be a useful biomarker in blood and nevi for prospective melanoma chemoprevention studies with ASA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Varedi
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (A.V.); (H.R.); (D.K.); (T.L.); (K.M.B.); (N.O.); (W.J.B.); (M.W.V.)
| | - Hafeez Rahman
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (A.V.); (H.R.); (D.K.); (T.L.); (K.M.B.); (N.O.); (W.J.B.); (M.W.V.)
| | - Dileep Kumar
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (A.V.); (H.R.); (D.K.); (T.L.); (K.M.B.); (N.O.); (W.J.B.); (M.W.V.)
| | - Jonathan L. Catrow
- Health Science Center Cores, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (J.L.C.); (J.E.C.)
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - James E. Cox
- Health Science Center Cores, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (J.L.C.); (J.E.C.)
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Tong Liu
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (A.V.); (H.R.); (D.K.); (T.L.); (K.M.B.); (N.O.); (W.J.B.); (M.W.V.)
| | - Scott R. Florell
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA;
| | - Kenneth M. Boucher
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (A.V.); (H.R.); (D.K.); (T.L.); (K.M.B.); (N.O.); (W.J.B.); (M.W.V.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Nwanneka Okwundu
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (A.V.); (H.R.); (D.K.); (T.L.); (K.M.B.); (N.O.); (W.J.B.); (M.W.V.)
| | - William J. Burnett
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (A.V.); (H.R.); (D.K.); (T.L.); (K.M.B.); (N.O.); (W.J.B.); (M.W.V.)
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Matthew W. VanBrocklin
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (A.V.); (H.R.); (D.K.); (T.L.); (K.M.B.); (N.O.); (W.J.B.); (M.W.V.)
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Douglas Grossman
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (A.V.); (H.R.); (D.K.); (T.L.); (K.M.B.); (N.O.); (W.J.B.); (M.W.V.)
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA;
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-801-581-4682
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11
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Thomas GJ, Herranz P, Cruz SB, Parodi A. Treatment of actinic keratosis through inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2: Potential mechanism of action of diclofenac sodium 3% in hyaluronic acid 2.5. Dermatol Ther 2019; 32:e12800. [PMID: 30523664 PMCID: PMC6767532 DOI: 10.1111/dth.12800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) and its metabolic product prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) are induced in response to growth factors, inflammatory cytokines, tumor promoters, activated oncogenes, and, in the skin, ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Accumulating evidence suggests a role for the COX‐2/PGE2 pathway in tumorigenesis in various tissue types including cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. There is also strong evidence for a role in the development of actinic keratoses (AKs) — common dysplastic lesions of the skin associated with UV radiation overexposure — considered as part of a continuum with skin cancer. Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) exert their anti‐inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects by reversibly or irreversibly acetylating COX isoforms, inhibiting downstream prostaglandins, and may have a chemopreventive role in malignancies, including skin cancer. Topical treatment of AK lesions with the NSAID diclofenac sodium 3% in combination with hyaluronic acid 2.5% has been shown to be effective and well tolerated, although the mechanism of action remains to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth J Thomas
- Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Pedro Herranz
- Department of Dermatology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Aurora Parodi
- DISSAL Section of Dermatology, University of Genoa-IRCCS, AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
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12
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Abstract
Obesity leads to many diseases including hypercholesterolemia, type-2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. It is the fastest-growing lethal disease in the Western and developing countries. The link between obesity and cancer is relatively underappreciated among the general population. Obesity represents the number one risk factor for type-2 diabetes and a considerable body of epidemiological studies supports the relationship between type-2 diabetes and many cancers. In this review, we examine the obesity-type-2-diabetes-cancer relationships from a mechanistic perspective, and where appropriate, we highlight potential pharmaceutical and dietary interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khosrow Kashfi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, USA
- Graduate Program in Biology, City University of New York Graduate Center, New York, USA
| | - Casey L. Rosen
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Melissa Aslan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli Turkey
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13
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Reply to: “Aspirin use and the risk of malignant melanoma”. J Am Acad Dermatol 2019; 80:e15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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14
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Kumar D, Rahman H, Tyagi E, Liu T, Li C, Lu R, Lum D, Holmen SL, Maschek JA, Cox JE, VanBrocklin MW, Grossman D. Aspirin Suppresses PGE 2 and Activates AMP Kinase to Inhibit Melanoma Cell Motility, Pigmentation, and Selective Tumor Growth In Vivo. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2018; 11:629-642. [PMID: 30021726 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-18-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
There are conflicting epidemiologic data on whether chronic aspirin (ASA) use may reduce melanoma risk in humans. Potential anticancer effects of ASA may be mediated by its ability to suppress prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production and activate 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). We investigated the inhibitory effects of ASA in a panel of melanoma and transformed melanocyte cell lines, and on tumor growth in a preclinical model. ASA and the COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib did not affect melanoma cell viability, but significantly reduced colony formation, cell motility, and pigmentation (melanin production) in vitro at concentrations of 1 mmol/L and 20 μmol/L, respectively. ASA-mediated inhibition of cell migration and pigmentation was rescued by exogenous PGE2 or Compound C, which inhibits AMPK activation. Levels of tyrosinase, MITF, and p-ERK were unaffected by ASA exposure. Following a single oral dose of 0.4 mg ASA to NOD/SCID mice, salicylate was detected in plasma and skin at 4 hours and PGE2 levels were reduced up to 24 hours. Some human melanoma tumors xenografted into NOD/SCID mice were sensitive to chronic daily ASA administration, exhibiting reduced growth and proliferation. ASA-treated mice bearing sensitive and resistant tumors exhibited both decreased PGE2 in plasma and tumors and increased phosphorylated AMPK in tumors. We conclude that ASA inhibits colony formation, cell motility, and pigmentation through suppression of PGE2 and activation of AMPK and reduces growth of some melanoma tumors in vivo This preclinical model could be used for further tumor and biomarker studies to support future melanoma chemoprevention trials in humans. Cancer Prev Res; 11(10); 629-42. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dileep Kumar
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Hafeez Rahman
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Ethika Tyagi
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Tong Liu
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Chelsea Li
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Ran Lu
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - David Lum
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Sheri L Holmen
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah.,Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.,Department of Surgery, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - J Alan Maschek
- Health Science Center Cores, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - James E Cox
- Health Science Center Cores, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Matthew W VanBrocklin
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah.,Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.,Department of Surgery, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Douglas Grossman
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah. .,Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.,Department of Dermatology, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
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15
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Thyagarajan A, Saylae J, Sahu RP. Acetylsalicylic acid inhibits the growth of melanoma tumors via SOX2-dependent-PAF-R-independent signaling pathway. Oncotarget 2018. [PMID: 28636992 PMCID: PMC5564820 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquired resistance to standard therapies remains a serious challenge, requiring novel therapeutic approaches that incorporate potential factors involved in tumor resistance. As cancers including melanoma express inflammatory cyclooxygenases generating prostaglandins implicated in tumor growth, we investigated mechanism of anti-inflammatory drug, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) which has been shown to inhibit various tumor types, however, its effects against highly aggressive melanoma model are unclear. Given our reports that an activation of platelet-activating factor-receptor (PAF-R) augments the growth and impede efficacies of therapeutic agents in experimental melanoma, we also sought to determine if PAF-R mediates anti-melanoma activity of ASA. The current studies using stably PAF-R-positive (B16-PAFR) and negative (B16-MSCV) murine melanoma cells and PAF-R-expressing and deficient mice, demonstrate that ASA inhibits the in-vitro and in-vivo growth of highly aggressive B16F10 melanoma via bypassing tumoral or stromal PAF-R signaling. Similar ASA-induced effects in-vitro were seen in human melanoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells positive or negative in PAF-R. Mechanistically, the ASA-induced decrease in cell survival and increase in apoptosis were significantly blocked by prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2α) agonists. Importantly, PCR array and qRT-PCR analysis of B16-tumors revealed significant downregulation of sry-related high-mobility-box-2 (SOX2) oncogene by ASA treatment. Interestingly, modulation of SOX2 expression by PGF2α agonists and upregulation by fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF-1) rescued melanoma cells from ASA-induced decreased survival and increased apoptosis. Moreover, PGF2α-receptor antagonist, AL8810 mimics ASA-induced decreased melanoma cells survival which was significantly blocked by PGF2α and FGF-1. These findings indicate that ASA inhibits the growth of aggressive melanoma via SOX2-dependent-PAF-R-indepedent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Thyagarajan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine at Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Jeremiah Saylae
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine at Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Ravi P Sahu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine at Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
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16
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Effects of commonly used chronic medications on the outcomes of ipilimumab therapy in patients with metastatic melanoma. Melanoma Res 2018; 26:609-615. [PMID: 27603551 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Ipilimumab can induce long-term survival in 20% of patients with metastatic melanoma. Concurrent chronic medications may impact the patient's immune system, possess antimelanoma properties, and potentially affect clinical outcomes. This retrospective study sought to describe the efficacy and toxicity effects of 12 classes of chronic medications in metastatic melanoma patients treated with ipilimumab. A total of 159 adults who received ipilimumab for metastatic melanoma at Mayo Clinic (Rochester, Minnesota, USA) from 1 March 2011 through 31 December 2014 were included. Classes of chronic medications included statins, metformin, β-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin-receptor blockers, calcium channel blockers, aspirin, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, H1 and H2 receptor antagonists, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), antidepressants, and vitamin D supplements. Of the 12 medication classes, only PPIs were found to have an increased odds of experiencing a partial response or a complete response to ipilimumab [odds ratio: 3.73; confidence interval (CI): 1.26-11.04; P=0.02] on the basis of a case-control analysis. Although not significant, PPI use also trended toward improved overall survival and progression-free survival (hazard ratio: 0.44; CI: 0.17-1.15; P=0.09; and hazard ratio: 0.6; CI: 0.34-1.06; P=0.08, respectively) on the basis of Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard modeling. No medication class was associated with an increased risk of grades 3-5 immune-related adverse events with ipilimumab on the basis of case-control analysis. In summary, patients on PPIs may be more likely to experience a partial response/complete response following ipilimumab therapy. Because of the small sample size and the retrospective nature of this work, these findings are only descriptive and further study should be carried out. Other classes of chronic medications did not produce statistically significant effects for any of the measured outcomes.
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17
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Hammerlindl H, Ravindran Menon D, Hammerlindl S, Emran AA, Torrano J, Sproesser K, Thakkar D, Xiao M, Atkinson VG, Gabrielli B, Haass NK, Herlyn M, Krepler C, Schaider H. Acetylsalicylic Acid Governs the Effect of Sorafenib in RAS-Mutant Cancers. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 24:1090-1102. [PMID: 29196297 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-2118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Identify and characterize novel combinations of sorafenib with anti-inflammatory painkillers to target difficult-to-treat RAS-mutant cancer.Experimental Design: The cytotoxicity of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) in combination with the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib (Nexavar) was assessed in RAS-mutant cell lines in vitro The underlying mechanism for the increased cytotoxicity was investigated using selective inhibitors and shRNA-mediated gene knockdown. In vitro results were confirmed in RAS-mutant xenograft mouse models in vivoResults: The addition of aspirin but not isobutylphenylpropanoic acid (ibruprofen) or celecoxib (Celebrex) significantly increased the in vitro cytotoxicity of sorafenib. Mechanistically, combined exposure resulted in increased BRAF/CRAF dimerization and the simultaneous hyperactivation of the AMPK and ERK pathways. Combining sorafenib with other AMPK activators, such as metformin or A769662, was not sufficient to decrease cell viability due to sole activation of the AMPK pathway. The cytotoxicity of sorafenib and aspirin was blocked by inhibition of the AMPK or ERK pathways through shRNA or via pharmacologic inhibitors of RAF (LY3009120), MEK (trametinib), or AMPK (compound C). The combination was found to be specific for RAS/RAF-mutant cells and had no significant effect in RAS/RAF-wild-type keratinocytes or melanoma cells. In vivo treatment of human xenografts in NSG mice with sorafenib and aspirin significantly reduced tumor volume compared with each single-agent treatment.Conclusions: Combination sorafenib and aspirin exerts cytotoxicity against RAS/RAF-mutant cells by simultaneously affecting two independent pathways and represents a promising novel strategy for the treatment of RAS-mutant cancers. Clin Cancer Res; 24(5); 1090-102. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heinz Hammerlindl
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Dinoop Ravindran Menon
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sabrina Hammerlindl
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Abdullah Al Emran
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Joachim Torrano
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Divya Thakkar
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Min Xiao
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Victoria G Atkinson
- Division of Cancer Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Brian Gabrielli
- Mater Medical Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nikolas K Haass
- The University of Queensland, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | | | - Helmut Schaider
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia. .,The University of Queensland, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
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18
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Terzi M, Altun G, Şen S, Kocaman A, Kaplan AA, Yurt KK, Kaplan S. The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in neurological diseases. J Chem Neuroanat 2017; 87:12-24. [PMID: 28341179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been in use for many years and constitute a large part of prescriptions issued in daily practice. Although NSAIDs are used for many diseases in neurology, they have also been tested as a new therapeutic option for various other diseases. While their effects on headache and cerebrovascular diseases are well known, little is known about their impact on neurodegenerative diseases. This review discusses the use, effects and safety of NSAIDs in neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Terzi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey.
| | - Gamze Altun
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Sedat Şen
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Adem Kocaman
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Arife Ahsen Kaplan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Kıymet Kübra Yurt
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Süleyman Kaplan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
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19
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Thyagarajan A, Sahu RP. Implications of Aspirin for Melanoma Treatment: A Short Perspective. JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR GENETICS AND MEDICINE 2017; 1:2. [PMID: 34927173 PMCID: PMC8681500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Several human cancers including melanoma exhibit increased expression of inflammatory cyclooxygenases (COX) enzymes that catalyze the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins (PGs) implicated in tumor growth. As aspirin has been used in the treatment of various ailments including inflammatory diseases, and cancers due to its anti-inflammatory property via inhibiting COX enzymes its significance particularly in reducing the risk of advanced stage or metastatic melanoma has yielded mixed responses. This mini review addresses some of the discrepancies of implications of aspirin from preclinical and clinical studies, and recent updates into its mechanisms of actions in melanoma treatment.
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20
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Mounessa J, Buntinx-Krieg T, Qin R, Dunnick CA, Dellavalle RP. Primary and Secondary Chemoprevention of Malignant Melanoma. Am J Clin Dermatol 2016; 17:625-634. [PMID: 27665299 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-016-0221-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of malignant melanoma (MM) continues to rise in the United States. While sun protection and full body skin examinations remain the mainstay of preventative care, chemoprevention of the deadly disease has become an increasingly popular field of study. In this focused review, we discuss current findings and analyze the risks and benefits of various agents investigated for the primary and secondary chemoprevention of MM. Such agents include topical retinoids, vitamins, and supplements, Polypodium leucotomas extracts, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs), statins, sunscreens, and field therapy with topical imiquimod for primary and secondary chemoprevention. We further identify a need for expanded high quality human research on the topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Mounessa
- Stony Brook University School of Medicine, 101 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Hospital, 1665 Aurora Ct, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Talayesa Buntinx-Krieg
- University of Central Florida College of Medicine, 6850 Lake Nona Blvd, Orlando, FL, 32827, USA
| | - Rosie Qin
- Department of Medicine, University of San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Cory A Dunnick
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Hospital, 1665 Aurora Ct, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Denver VA Medical Center, 1055 Clermont St. #165, Denver, CO, 80220, USA
| | - Robert P Dellavalle
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Hospital, 1665 Aurora Ct, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, Denver VA Medical Center, 1055 Clermont St. #165, Denver, CO, 80220, USA.
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21
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Abstract
Aim: In present study, the anti-inflammatory activities of a new series of benzimidazole derivatives were studied, investigating their inhibition of secretory phospholipase A2, lipoxygenase, COXs and lipopolysaccharide-induced secretion of TNF-α and IL-6 in mouse RAW264.7 macrophages. Results: Synthesized compounds effectively inhibited proinflammatory enzymes and cytokines. Conclusion: A strong inhibition of secretory phospholipases A2 was exhibited by benzimidazole derivatives with trifluoromethyl and methoxy substitutions at position 4 of attached phenyl, whereas compound 8 containing pyridine ring substituted with amino group showed very potent 5-lipoxygenase inhibition. Molecular docking experiments were carried out to elucidate the molecular basis of the observed inhibitory activities.
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22
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Rasmussen RN, Holm R, Christensen KV, Nielsen CU. Ibuprofen transport in renal cell cultures: characterization of an ibuprofen transporter upregulated by hyperosmolarity. MEDCHEMCOMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6md00305b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An ibuprofen transporter localizes to the apical and basolateral membrane of MDCK I cells is upregulated by hyperosmotic exposure. Ibuprofen uptake is inhibited by other NSAIDs and ibuprofen metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rune Nørgaard Rasmussen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy
- University of Southern Denmark
- DK-5230 Odense M
- Denmark
| | - René Holm
- Drug Product Development
- Janssens Research and Development
- Johnson & Johnson
- 2430 Beerse
- Belgium
| | | | - Carsten Uhd Nielsen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy
- University of Southern Denmark
- DK-5230 Odense M
- Denmark
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23
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Gaseous mediator-based anti-inflammatory drugs. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2015; 25:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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24
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Maresso KC, Tsai KY, Brown PH, Szabo E, Lippman S, Hawk ET. Molecular cancer prevention: Current status and future directions. CA Cancer J Clin 2015; 65:345-83. [PMID: 26284997 PMCID: PMC4820069 DOI: 10.3322/caac.21287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The heterogeneity and complexity of advanced cancers strongly support the rationale for an enhanced focus on molecular prevention as a priority strategy to reduce the burden of cancer. Molecular prevention encompasses traditional chemopreventive agents as well as vaccinations and therapeutic approaches to cancer-predisposing conditions. Despite challenges to the field, we now have refined insights into cancer etiology and early pathogenesis; successful risk assessment and new risk models; agents with broad preventive efficacy (eg, aspirin) in common chronic diseases, including cancer; and a successful track record of more than 10 agents approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of precancerous lesions or cancer risk reduction. The development of molecular preventive agents does not differ significantly from the development of therapies for advanced cancers, yet it has unique challenges and special considerations given that it most often involves healthy or asymptomatic individuals. Agents, biomarkers, cohorts, overall design, and endpoints are key determinants of molecular preventive trials, as with therapeutic trials, although distinctions exist for each within the preventive setting. Progress in the development and evolution of molecular preventive agents has been steadier in some organ systems, such as breast and skin, than in others. In order for molecular prevention to be fully realized as an effective strategy, several challenges to the field must be addressed. Here, the authors provide a brief overview of the context for and special considerations of molecular prevention along with a discussion of the results from major randomized controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Colbert Maresso
- Program Manager, Division of Cancer Prevention & Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Kenneth Y Tsai
- Assistant Professor, Department of Dermatology, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Powel H Brown
- Chair, Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Eva Szabo
- Chair, Lung and Upper Aerodigestive Cancer Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Scott Lippman
- Director, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Ernest T Hawk
- Vice President and Division Head, Boone Pickens Distinguished Chair for Early Prevention of Cancer, Division of Cancer Prevention & Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Kashfi K, Chattopadhyay M, Kodela R. NOSH-sulindac (AVT-18A) is a novel nitric oxide- and hydrogen sulfide-releasing hybrid that is gastrointestinal safe and has potent anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, anti-platelet, and anti-cancer properties. Redox Biol 2015; 6:287-296. [PMID: 26298203 PMCID: PMC4556776 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2015.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulindac is chemopreventive and has utility in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis; however, side effects preclude its long-term use. NOSH-sulindac (AVT-18A) releases nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide, was designed to be a safer alternative. Here we compare the gastrointestinal safety, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-pyretic, anti-platelet, and anti-cancer properties of sulindac and NOSH-sulindac administered orally to rats at equimolar doses. Gastrointestinal safety: 6h post-administration, number/size of hemorrhagic lesions in stomachs were counted. Tissue samples were frozen for PGE2, SOD, and MDA determination. Anti-inflammatory: 1h after drug administration, the volume of carrageenan-induced rat paw edemas was measured for 5h. Anti-pyretic: fever was induced by LPS (ip) an hour before administration of the test drugs, core body temperature was measured hourly for 5h. Analgesic: time-dependent analgesic effects were evaluated by carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia. Antiplatelet: anti-aggregatory effects were studied on collagen-induced platelet aggregation of human platelet-rich plasma. Anti-cancer: We examined the effects of NOSH-sulindac on the growth properties of 12 human cancer cell lines of six different tissue origins. Both agents reduced PGE2 levels in stomach tissue; however, NOSH-sulindac did not cause any stomach ulcers, whereas sulindac caused significant bleeding. Lipid peroxidation induced by sulindac was higher than that from NOSH-sulindac. SOD activity was significantly lowered by sulindac but increased by NOSH-sulindac. Both agents showed similar anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-pyretic, and anti-platelet activities. Sulindac increased plasma TNFα whereas this rise was lower in the NOSH-sulindac-treated animals. NOSH-sulindac inhibited the growth of all cancer cell lines studied, with potencies of 1000- to 9000-fold greater than that of sulindac. NOSH-sulindac inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and caused G2/M cell cycle block. These results demonstrate that NOSH-sulindac is gastrointestinal safe, and maintains the anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, and antiplatelet properties of its parent compound sulinsac, with anti-growth activity against a wide variety of human cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khosrow Kashfi
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York Medical School, New York, United States; Avicenna Pharmaceuticals Inc., New York, NY, United States.
| | - Mitali Chattopadhyay
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York Medical School, New York, United States
| | - Ravinder Kodela
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York Medical School, New York, United States
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Liao D, Zhong L, Duan T, Zhang RH, Wang X, Wang G, Hu K, Lv X, Kang T. Aspirin Suppresses the Growth and Metastasis of Osteosarcoma through the NF-κB Pathway. Clin Cancer Res 2015. [PMID: 26202947 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-0198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aspirin has recently been reported to reduce both the incidence and the risk of metastasis in colon cancer. However, there is no evidence at the cellular levels or in the animal models for such an effect of aspirin on cancer metastasis. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN MTT assay, colony formation assay, and apoptosis assay were employed to analyze the effects of aspirin on the osteosarcoma cell viability in vitro. The NF-κB activity was measured by the NF-κB p65 luciferase reporter. Western blotting was used to analyze the proteins in cells. The migration and invasion abilities of osteosarcoma cells in vitro were measured by the Transwell assay. Xenograft-bearing mice were used to assess the roles of aspirin in both tumor growth and metastasis of osteosarcoma in vivo (n = 5-8 mice/group). An unpaired Student t test or ANOVA with the Bonferroni post hoc test were used for the statistical comparisons. RESULTS Aspirin reduced cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner in osteosarcoma cell lines, and aspirin synergistically sensitized osteosarcoma cells to cisplatin (DDP) in vitro and in vivo (P < 0.001). Moreover, aspirin markedly repressed the migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells in vitro (P < 0.001), and dramatically diminished the occurrence of osteosarcoma xenograft metastases to the lungs in vivo (P < 0.001). Mechanistically, aspirin diminishes osteosarcoma migration, invasion, and metastasis through the NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSIONS Aspirin suppresses both the growth and metastasis of osteosarcoma through the NF-κB pathway at the cellular level and in the animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingmei Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ru-Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaishun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobin Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tiebang Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
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A novel temozolomide analog, NEO212, with enhanced activity against MGMT-positive melanoma in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Lett 2014; 358:144-151. [PMID: 25524552 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ) represents an important component of current melanoma therapy, but overexpression of O6-methyl-guanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) in tumor cells confers resistance to TMZ and impairs therapeutic outcome. We investigated a novel perillyl alcohol (POH)-conjugated analog of TMZ, NEO212, for its ability to exert anticancer activity against MGMT-positive melanoma cells. Human melanoma cells with variable MGMT expression levels were treated with NEO212, TMZ, or perillyl alcohol in vitro and in vivo, and markers of DNA damage and apoptosis, and tumor cell growth were investigated. NEO212 displayed substantially greater anticancer activity than any of the other treatments. It reduced colony formation of MGMT-positive cells up to eight times more effectively than TMZ, and much more potently induced DNA damage and cell death. In a nude mouse tumor model, NEO212 showed significant activity against MGMT-positive melanoma, whereas TMZ, or a mix of TMZ plus POH, was ineffective. At the same time, NEO212 was well tolerated. NEO212 may have potential as a more effective therapy for advanced melanoma, and should become particularly suitable for the treatment of patients with MGMT-positive tumors.
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H2S-releasing drugs: anti-inflammatory, cytoprotective and chemopreventative potential. Nitric Oxide 2014; 46:25-31. [PMID: 25461269 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2014.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide exerts a number of cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects in many organ systems. In an effort to exploit these potent and beneficial effects, a number of hydrogen sulfide-releasing derivatives of existing drugs have been developed and extensively tested in pre-clinical models. In particular, efforts have been made by several groups to develop hydrogen sulfide-releasing derivatives of a number of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The main goal of this approach is to reduce the gastrointestinal ulceration and bleeding caused by this class of drugs, particularly when used chronically such as in the treatment of arthritis. However, these drugs may also have utility for prevention of various types of cancer. This paper provides an overview of some of the mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective actions of hydrogen sulfide. It also gives some examples of hydrogen sulfide-releasing anti-inflammatory drugs, and their actions in terms of reducing inflammation and attenuating the development of cancer in experimental models.
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Abstract
Aspirin is arguably the synthesized drug that has been used most commonly in human history. Aspirin was originally developed and marketed for the treatment of inflammatory disorders at the end of the 19th century, but its mechanism of action remained unknown until the second half of the 20th century. Since the latter part of the 20th century aspirin also has been used for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases given its anti-thrombotic properties. An association between intake of aspirin and decreased cancer risk was identified in the past decades. Whether aspirin can be used as an anticancer agent in patients with a diagnosis of cancer was unknown until recently. Recent studies suggest that aspirin might provide therapeutic benefit in the adjuvant treatment of certain forms of cancer. This review provides a critical update on this topic, which has potential implications for oncologists and their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Pasche
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University, Medical Center Blvd, Winston Salem, NC.
| | - Minghui Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University, Medical Center Blvd, Winston Salem, NC
| | - Michael Pennison
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University, Medical Center Blvd, Winston Salem, NC
| | - Hugo Jimenez
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University, Medical Center Blvd, Winston Salem, NC
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