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Liao C, Wang Y, Huang Y, Duan Y, Liang Y, Chen J, Jiang J, Shang K, Zhou C, Gu Y, Liu N, Zeng X, Gao X, Tang Y, Sun J. CD38-Specific CAR Integrated into CD38 Locus Driven by Different Promoters Causes Distinct Antitumor Activities of T and NK Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2207394. [PMID: 37485647 PMCID: PMC10520621 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
The robust and stable expression of CD38 in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) blasts makes CD38 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T/natural killer (NK) a potential therapy for T-ALL. However, CD38 expression in normal T/NK cells causes fratricide of CD38 CAR-T/NK cells. Here a "2-in-1" gene editing strategy is developed to generate fratricide-resistant locus-specific CAR-T/NK cells. CD38-specific CAR is integrated into the disrupted CD38 locus by CRISPR/Cas9, and CAR is placed under the control of either endogenous CD38 promoter (CD38KO/KI ) or exogenous EF1α promoter (CD38KO/KI EF1α). CD38 knockout reduces fratricide and allows the expansion of CAR-T cells. Meanwhile, CD38KO/KI EF1α results in higher CAR expression than CD38KO/KI in both CAR-T and CAR-NK cells. In a mouse T-ALL model, CD38KO/KI EF1α CAR-T cells eradicate tumors better than CD38KO/KI CAR-T cells. Surprisingly, CD38KO/KI CAR-NK cells show superior tumor control than CD38KO/KI EF1α CAR-NK cells. Further investigation reveals that endogenous regulatory elements in NK cells lead to higher expression of CD38 CAR than in T cells, and the expression levels of CAR affect the therapeutic outcome of CAR-T and CAR-NK cells differently. Therefore, these results support the efficacy of CD38 CAR-T/NK against T-ALL and demonstrate that the "2-in-1" strategy can resolve fratricide and enhance tumor eradication, paving the way for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Liao
- Department of Hematology‐oncologyChildren's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicinePediatric Leukemia Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology Research Center of Zhejiang Province National Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhou310003China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang University Medical CenterHangzhou311121China
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital and Department of Cell BiologyZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310058China
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang University & Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and ImmunotherapyHangzhou310058China
| | - Yanjie Huang
- Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of Life SciencesWestlake UniversityHangzhou310058China
- School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Yanting Duan
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang University Medical CenterHangzhou311121China
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital and Department of Cell BiologyZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310058China
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang University & Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and ImmunotherapyHangzhou310058China
| | - Yan Liang
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang University Medical CenterHangzhou311121China
| | - Jiangqing Chen
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang University Medical CenterHangzhou311121China
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital and Department of Cell BiologyZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310058China
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang University & Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and ImmunotherapyHangzhou310058China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang University Medical CenterHangzhou311121China
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital and Department of Cell BiologyZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310058China
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang University & Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and ImmunotherapyHangzhou310058China
| | - Kai Shang
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang University Medical CenterHangzhou311121China
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital and Department of Cell BiologyZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310058China
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang University & Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and ImmunotherapyHangzhou310058China
| | - Chun Zhou
- School of Public Health and Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310058China
| | - Ying Gu
- Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University and Department of GeneticsZhejiang University school of medicineHangzhou310058China
| | - Nan Liu
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang University Medical CenterHangzhou311121China
| | - Xun Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesFirst Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310058China
| | - Xiaofei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of Life SciencesWestlake UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Yongmin Tang
- Department of Hematology‐oncologyChildren's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicinePediatric Leukemia Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology Research Center of Zhejiang Province National Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhou310003China
| | - Jie Sun
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang University Medical CenterHangzhou311121China
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital and Department of Cell BiologyZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310058China
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang University & Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and ImmunotherapyHangzhou310058China
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2
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Cui Q, Liang P, Dai H, Cui W, Cai M, Ding Z, Ma Q, Yin J, Li Z, Liu S, Kang L, Yao L, Cen J, Shen H, Zhu M, Yu L, Wu D, Tang X. Case report: CD38-directed CAR-T cell therapy: A novel immunotherapy targeting CD38- positive blasts overcomes TKI and chemotherapy resistance of myeloid chronic myeloid leukemia in blastic phase. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1012981. [PMID: 36524116 PMCID: PMC9744919 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1012981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) is a tough problem in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia in blastic phase (CML-BP), which was often associated with acquired mutations in the kinase domain and not eliminating the leukemic stem cells. The efficacy of TKI or combination with chemotherapy in CML-BP remains unsatisfactory. Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell immunotherapy may overcome TKI and chemotherapy resistance. However, lack of ideal targetable antigens is a major obstacle for treating patients with myeloid malignancies. CD38 is known to be expressed on most (acute myeloid leukemia) AML cells, and its lack of expression on hematopoietic stem cells renders it as a potential therapeutic target for myeloid CML-BP. We develop a CD38-directed CAR-T cell therapy for AML, and two patients with myeloid CML-BP were enrolled (NCT04351022). Two patients, harboring E255K and T315I mutation in the ABL kinase domain, respectively, were resistant to multiple TKIs (imatinib, dasatinib, nilotinib, and ponatinib) and intensive chemotherapy. The blasts in the bone marrow of two patients exhibited high expression of CD38. After tumor reduction chemotherapy and lymphodepletion chemotherapy, 1 × 107 CAR-T-38 cells per kilogram of body weight were administered. They achieved minimal residual disease-negative and BCR::ABL1-negative complete remission and experienced grade II cytokine release syndrome manifesting as fever. Our data highlighted that CAR-T-38 cell therapy may overcome TKI and chemotherapy resistance in patients with myeloid CML-BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingya Cui
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peiqi Liang
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiping Dai
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Cui
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengjie Cai
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zixuan Ding
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qinfen Ma
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia Yin
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zheng Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sining Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liqing Kang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Unicar-Therapy Bio-Medicine Technology Co., Ltd. Shanghai, China
| | - Li Yao
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiannong Cen
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongjie Shen
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingqing Zhu
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Yu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Unicar-Therapy Bio-Medicine Technology Co., Ltd. Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Lei Yu, ; Depei Wu, ; Xiaowen Tang,
| | - Depei Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China,*Correspondence: Lei Yu, ; Depei Wu, ; Xiaowen Tang,
| | - Xiaowen Tang
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China,*Correspondence: Lei Yu, ; Depei Wu, ; Xiaowen Tang,
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3
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Paulus A, Malavasi F, Chanan-Khan A. CD38 as a multifaceted immunotherapeutic target in CLL. Leuk Lymphoma 2022; 63:2265-2275. [DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2022.2090551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aneel Paulus
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Fabio Malavasi
- Dipartimento Scienze Mediche, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy
- Fondazione Ricerca Molinette ONLUS, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Asher Chanan-Khan
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
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4
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Marofi F, Rahman HS, Al-Obaidi ZMJ, Jalil AT, Abdelbasset WK, Suksatan W, Dorofeev AE, Shomali N, Chartrand MS, Pathak Y, Hassanzadeh A, Baradaran B, Ahmadi M, Saeedi H, Tahmasebi S, Jarahian M. Novel CAR T therapy is a ray of hope in the treatment of seriously ill AML patients. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:465. [PMID: 34412685 PMCID: PMC8377882 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02420-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a serious, life-threatening, and hardly curable hematological malignancy that affects the myeloid cell progenies and challenges patients of all ages but mostly occurs in adults. Although several therapies are available including chemotherapy, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT), and receptor-antagonist drugs, the 5-year survival of patients is quietly disappointing, less than 30%. alloHSCT is the major curative approach for AML with promising results but the treatment has severe adverse effects such as graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Therefore, as an alternative, more efficient and less harmful immunotherapy-based approaches such as the adoptive transferring T cell therapy are in development for the treatment of AML. As such, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells are engineered T cells which have been developed in recent years as a breakthrough in cancer therapy. Interestingly, CAR T cells are effective against both solid tumors and hematological cancers such as AML. Gradually, CAR T cell therapy found its way into cancer therapy and was widely used for the treatment of hematologic malignancies with successful results particularly with somewhat better results in hematological cancer in comparison to solid tumors. The AML is generally fatal, therapy-resistant, and sometimes refractory disease with a disappointing low survival rate and weak prognosis. The 5-year survival rate for AML is only about 30%. However, the survival rate seems to be age-dependent. Novel CAR T cell therapy is a light at the end of the tunnel. The CD19 is an important target antigen in AML and lymphoma and the CAR T cells are engineered to target the CD19. In addition, a lot of research goes on the discovery of novel target antigens with therapeutic efficacy and utilizable for generating CAR T cells against various types of cancers. In recent years, many pieces of research on screening and identification of novel AML antigen targets with the goal of generation of effective anti-cancer CAR T cells have led to new therapies with strong cytotoxicity against cancerous cells and impressive clinical outcomes. Also, more recently, an improved version of CAR T cells which were called modified or smartly reprogrammed CAR T cells has been designed with less unwelcome effects, less toxicity against normal cells, more safety, more specificity, longer persistence, and proliferation capability. The purpose of this review is to discuss and explain the most recent advances in CAR T cell-based therapies targeting AML antigens and review the results of preclinical and clinical trials. Moreover, we will criticize the clinical challenges, side effects, and the different strategies for CAR T cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faroogh Marofi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Heshu Sulaiman Rahman
- College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Komar University of Science and Technology, Chaq-Chaq Qularaise, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq
| | - Zaid Mahdi Jaber Al-Obaidi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Alkafeel, Najaf, 54001, Iraq.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Kerbala, Karbala, 56001, Iraq
| | | | - Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Wanich Suksatan
- Faculty of Nursing, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | | | - Navid Shomali
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Yashwant Pathak
- Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Ali Hassanzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Ahmadi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Saeedi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Safa Tahmasebi
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Jarahian
- German Cancer Research Center, Toxicology and Chemotherapy, No. 2, Floor 4 Unit (G401), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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5
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Cui Q, Qian C, Xu N, Kang L, Dai H, Cui W, Song B, Yin J, Li Z, Zhu X, Qu C, Liu T, Shen W, Zhu M, Yu L, Wu D, Tang X. CD38-directed CAR-T cell therapy: a novel immunotherapy strategy for relapsed acute myeloid leukemia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:82. [PMID: 34034795 PMCID: PMC8152118 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01092-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a potentially curative treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, most patients experience relapse after allo-HSCT, with a poor prognosis, and treatment options are limited. The lack of an ideal targetable antigen is a major obstacle for treating patients with relapsed AML. CD38 is known to be expressed on most AML and myeloma cells, and its lack of expression on hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) renders it a potential therapeutic target for relapsed AML. To investigate the clinical therapeutic efficacy and safety of CD38-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T-38) cells, we enrolled 6 AML patients who experienced relapse post-allo-HSCT (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT04351022). Prior to CAR-T-38 treatment, the blasts in the bone marrow of these patients exhibited a median of 95% (92–99%) CD38 positivity. Four weeks after the initial infusion of CAR-T-38 cells, four of six (66.7%) patients achieved complete remission (CR) or CR with incomplete count recovery (CRi); the median CR or CRi time was 191 (range 117–261) days. The cumulative relapse rate at 6 months was 50%. The median overall survival (OS) and leukemia-free survival (LFS) times were 7.9 and 6.4 months, respectively. One case relapsed 117 days after the first CAR-T-38 cell infusion, with remission achieved after the second CAR-T-38 cell infusion. All six patients experienced clinically manageable side effects. In addition, multiparameter flow cytometry (FCM) revealed that CAR-T-38 cells eliminated CD38 positive blasts without off-target effects on monocytes and lymphocytes. Although this prospective study has a limited number of cases and a relatively short follow-up time, our preliminary data highlight the clinical utility and safety of CAR-T-38 cell therapy in treating relapsed AML post-allo-HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingya Cui
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Chongsheng Qian
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Nan Xu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.,Shanghai Unicar-Therapy Bio-Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Liqing Kang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.,Shanghai Unicar-Therapy Bio-Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Haiping Dai
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Wei Cui
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Baoquan Song
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jia Yin
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zheng Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xiaming Zhu
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Changju Qu
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Tianhui Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.,Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Wenhong Shen
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Mingqing Zhu
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Lei Yu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China. .,Shanghai Unicar-Therapy Bio-Medicine Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Depei Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China. .,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Xiaowen Tang
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China. .,Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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6
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Richard S, Jagannath S, Cho HJ, Parekh S, Madduri D, Richter J, Chari A. A comprehensive overview of daratumumab and carfilzomib and the recently approved daratumumab, carfilzomib and dexamethasone regimen in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Expert Rev Hematol 2020; 14:31-45. [PMID: 33331794 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2021.1858790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Novel, effective regimens are needed in patients with relapsed and refractory myeloma (RRMM) who inevitably relapse after PI and IMID containing treatment. Areas covered: Pre-clinical data, early clinical and pivotal trials relevant to the development of the two backbone drugs of carfilzomib and daratumumab, and the two important recent trials, EQUULEUS and CANDOR leading to the FDA approval of the combination regimen of daratumumab, carfilzomib, and dexamethasone (DKd) for RRMM are detailed in this review. Expert opinion: EQUULEUS and CANDOR have established the efficacy of the DKd regimen in the landscape of bortezomib and lenalidomide refractory patients. The split dosing schedule of the first dose of daratumumab was approved by the FDA based on EQUULEUS, significantly improving patient convenience. Subcutaneous daratumumab is being evaluated in this combination to further improve tolerance and convenience. Further studies are needed to evaluate and optimally sequence the many effective and potent drugs available in RRMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shambavi Richard
- Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sundar Jagannath
- Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hearn Jay Cho
- Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Samir Parekh
- Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Deepu Madduri
- Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joshua Richter
- Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ajai Chari
- Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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7
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Pratap S, Zhao ZJ. Finding new lanes: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells for myeloid leukemia. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2020; 3:e1222. [PMID: 32671999 PMCID: PMC7941581 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myeloid leukemia represents a heterogeneous group of cancers of blood and bone marrow which arise from clonal expansion of hematopoietic myeloid lineage cells. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has traditionally been treated with multi-agent chemotherapy, but conventional therapies have not improved the long-term survival for decades. Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is an indolent disease which requires lifelong treatment, is associated with significant side effects, and carries a risk of progression to potentially lethal blast crises. RECENT FINDINGS Recent advances in molecular biology, virology, and immunology have enabled researchers to grow and modify T lymphocytes ex-vivo. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has been shown to specifically target cells of lymphoid lineage and induce remission in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. While the success of CAR T-cells against ALL is considered a defining moment in modern oncology, similar efficacy against myeloid leukemia cells remains elusive. Over the past 10 years, numerous CAR T-cells have been developed that can target novel myeloid antigens, and many clinical trials are finally starting to yield encouraging results. In this review, we present the recent advances in this field and discuss strategies for future development of myeloid targeting CAR T-cell therapy. CONCLUSIONS The field of CAR T-cell therapy has rapidly evolved over the past few years. It represents a radically new approach towards cancers, and with continued refinement it may become a viable therapeutic option for patients of acute and chronic myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Pratap
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterDepartment of Pediatric Hematology‐OncologyOklahoma CityOklahomaUSA
| | - Zhizhuang J. Zhao
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterDepartment of PathologyOklahoma CityOklahomaUSA
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Wu L, Seung E, Xu L, Rao E, Lord DM, Wei RR, Cortez-Retamozo V, Ospina B, Posternak V, Ulinski G, Piepenhagen P, Francesconi E, El-Murr N, Beil C, Kirby P, Li A, Fretland J, Vicente R, Deng G, Dabdoubi T, Cameron B, Bertrand T, Ferrari P, Pouzieux S, Lemoine C, Prades C, Park A, Qiu H, Song Z, Zhang B, Sun F, Chiron M, Rao S, Radošević K, Yang ZY, Nabel GJ. Trispecific antibodies enhance the therapeutic efficacy of tumor-directed T cells through T cell receptor co-stimulation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 1:86-98. [DOI: 10.1038/s43018-019-0004-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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9
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Hofmann S, Schubert ML, Wang L, He B, Neuber B, Dreger P, Müller-Tidow C, Schmitt M. Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T Cell Therapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8020200. [PMID: 30736352 PMCID: PMC6406805 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8020200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite high response rates after initial chemotherapy in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), relapses occur frequently, resulting in a five-year-survival by <30% of the patients. Hitherto, allogeneic hemotopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is the best curative treatment option in intermediate and high risk AML. It is the proof-of-concept for T cell-based immunotherapies in AML based on the graft-versus-leukemia (GvL)-effect, but it also bears the risk of graft-versus-host disease. CD19-targeting therapies employing chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells are a breakthrough in cancer therapy. A similar approach for myeloid malignancies is highly desirable. This article gives an overview on the state-of-the art of preclinical and clinical studies on suitable target antigens for CAR T cell therapy in AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Hofmann
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Maria-Luisa Schubert
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Bailin He
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Brigitte Neuber
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Peter Dreger
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Carsten Müller-Tidow
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Michael Schmitt
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology/Oncology/Rheumatology), University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Paubelle E, Rocher C, Julia E, Thomas X. Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Engineered T Cell Therapy in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia. EUROPEAN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.33590/emj/10314141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a disease with a very poor outcome and remains an area of significant unmet need, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies. The progress made in the field of immunotherapy, in particular chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T cells, has given rise to many hopes for pathologies such as B cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and B cell lymphoma, and many studies have attempted to translate these successes to AML. This review summarises the recent advances in, and defines an ideal target for, CAR T cell therapy in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Paubelle
- Department of Hematology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Lyon, France; LBMC, ENS, CNRS UMR5239, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Lyon, France
| | - Clément Rocher
- Department of Hematology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Lyon, France
| | - Edith Julia
- Department of Hematology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Lyon, France
| | - Xavier Thomas
- Department of Hematology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Lyon, France
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11
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Coexpression profile of leukemic stem cell markers for combinatorial targeted therapy in AML. Leukemia 2018; 33:64-74. [PMID: 29946192 PMCID: PMC6326956 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0180-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Targeted immunotherapy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is challenged by the lack of AML-specific target antigens and clonal heterogeneity, leading to unwanted on-target off-leukemia toxicity and risk of relapse from minor clones. We hypothesize that combinatorial targeting of AML cells can enhance therapeutic efficacy without increasing toxicity. To identify target antigen combinations specific for AML and leukemic stem cells, we generated a detailed protein expression profile based on flow cytometry of primary AML (n = 356) and normal bone marrow samples (n = 34), and a recently reported integrated normal tissue proteomic data set. We analyzed antigen expression levels of CD33, CD123, CLL1, TIM3, CD244 and CD7 on AML bulk and leukemic stem cells at initial diagnosis (n = 302) and relapse (n = 54). CD33, CD123, CLL1, TIM3 and CD244 were ubiquitously expressed on AML bulk cells at initial diagnosis and relapse, irrespective of genetic characteristics. For each analyzed target, we found additional expression in different populations of normal hematopoiesis. Analyzing the coexpression of our six targets in all dual combinations (n = 15), we found CD33/TIM3 and CLL1/TIM3 to be highly positive in AML compared with normal hematopoiesis and non-hematopoietic tissues. Our findings indicate that combinatorial targeting of CD33/TIM3 or CLL1/TIM3 may enhance therapeutic efficacy without aggravating toxicity in immunotherapy of AML.
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Fan M, Li M, Gao L, Geng S, Wang J, Wang Y, Yan Z, Yu L. Chimeric antigen receptors for adoptive T cell therapy in acute myeloid leukemia. J Hematol Oncol 2017; 10:151. [PMID: 28851445 PMCID: PMC5576380 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-017-0519-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, conventional therapies for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have high failure and relapse rates. Thus, developing new strategies is crucial for improving the treatment of AML. With the clinical success of anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies against B-lineage malignancies, many studies have attempted to translate the success of CAR T cell therapy to other malignancies, including AML. This review summarizes the current advances in CAR T cell therapy against AML, including preclinical studies and clinical trials, and discusses the potential AML-associated surface markers that could be used for further CAR technology. Finally, we describe strategies that might address the current issues of employing CAR T cell therapy in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxue Fan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, NO. 3663 Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghao Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, NO. 3663 Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Lipeng Gao
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, NO. 3663 Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Sicong Geng
- China Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research Co., Ltd., GDD/TRD/Chemical and Pharmaceutical Profiling, 5F, Building 3, Novartis Campus 4218 Jinke Rd, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park Pudong District, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, NO. 3663 Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiting Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, NO. 3663 Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Yan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, NO. 3663 Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lei Yu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, NO. 3663 Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, People's Republic of China.
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All-trans retinoic acid enhances cytotoxic effect of T cells with an anti-CD38 chimeric antigen receptor in acute myeloid leukemia. Clin Transl Immunology 2016; 5:e116. [PMID: 28090317 PMCID: PMC5192064 DOI: 10.1038/cti.2016.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We reported that T cells with anti-CD38-chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) eliminated B-cell lymphoma cells expressing CD38. To employ anti-CD38-CAR against acute myeloid leukemia (AML) blasts not expressing CD38, it is necessary to induce or increase the intensity of CD38 expression. A lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)-releasing assay and flow cytometry showed that anti-CD38-CAR T cells were cytotoxic against AML lines (THP-1 and CMK) expressing high CD38 levels (>99%), in time- and number of effector-dependent manners. In other AML lines (KG1, U937 and HL60) partially expressing CD38, CD38+ AML cells were killed by CD38-specific T cells, but CD38− AML cells remained survived. Intriguingly, 10 nM all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) augmented CD38 expression in KG1, U937 and HL60 cells and primary leukemic cells from AML patients. Moreover, the withdrawal of ATRA from the medium decreased CD38 expression in AML cells. Killing effects of anti-CD38-CAR T cells against AML lines and AML cells were limited without ATRA, whereas CD38-specific T cells enhanced cytotoxicity on AML cells by ATRA in association with enhanced CD38 expression. These results indicate that anti-CD38-CAR T cells eliminate AML cells through CD38 expression induced by ATRA.
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Mihara K, Yanagihara K, Takigahira M, Kitanaka A, Imai C, Bhattacharyya J, Kubo T, Takei Y, Yasunaga S, Takihara Y, Kimura A. Synergistic and persistent effect of T-cell immunotherapy with anti-CD19 or anti-CD38 chimeric receptor in conjunction with rituximab on B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2010; 151:37-46. [PMID: 20678160 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2010.08297.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Using artificial receptors, it is possible to redirect the specificity of immune cells to tumour-associated antigens, which is expected to provide a useful strategy for cancer immunotherapy. Given that B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) cells invariably express CD19 and CD38, these antigens may be suitable molecular candidates for such immunotherapy. We transduced human peripheral T cells or a T-cell line with either anti-CD19-chimeric receptor (CAR) or anti-CD38-CAR, which contained an anti-CD19 or anti-CD38 antibody-derived single-chain variable domain respectively. Retroviral transduction led to anti-CD19-CAR or anti-CD38-CAR expression in T cells with high efficiency (>60%). The T cell line, Hut78, when transduced with anti-CD19-CAR or anti-CD38-CAR, exerted strong cytotoxicity against the B-NHL cell lines, HT and RL, and lymphoma cells isolated from patients. Interestingly, use of both CARs had an additive cytotoxic effect on HT cells in vitro. In conjunction with rituximab, human peripheral T cells expressing either anti-CD19-CAR or anti-CD38-CAR enhanced cytotoxicity against HT-luciferase cells in xenografted mice. Moreover, the synergistic tumour-suppressing activity was persistent in vivo for over 2 months. These results provide a powerful rationale for clinical testing of the combination of rituximab with autologous T cells carrying either CAR on aggressive or relapsed B-NHLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keichiro Mihara
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan.
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Activated T-cell-mediated immunotherapy with a chimeric receptor against CD38 in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. J Immunother 2009; 32:737-43. [PMID: 19561535 DOI: 10.1097/cji.0b013e3181adaff1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
T-cell-mediated immunotherapy with a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) is expected to become a powerful treatment for cancer. CD38, highly expressed in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) cells, is an attractive target in immunotherapy for B-NHL. We retrovirally transduced a T-cell line, Hut78, expressing little CD38, with an anti-CD38-CAR. Hut78 cells with the anti-CD38-CAR were cocultured with B-NHL cell lines bearing CD38 and also B-NHL cells from patients. Four days later most of the lymphoma cells were killed (the level of cytotoxicity was >95%). By contrast, there was undetectable cytotoxicity against CD38-negative cell lines. Then, we introduced the anti-CD38-CAR into human peripheral T cells. However, the recovery of viable cells was very low, presumably because of an autolytic reaction caused by the association of the anti-CD38-CAR with CD38 on the cell surface. The addition of an anti-CD38 antibody increased the yield of viable transduced T cell probably by blocking the autolytic reaction. We cocultured human peripheral T cells bearing anti-CD38-CAR with B-NHL cells. The median specific cytotoxicity was greater than 90%. These cells were injected 4 times into NOD/SCID mice, which were inoculated with B-NHL cells luciferase. Luciferase activity was not detectable even 30 days after the inoculation in 5 of 6 mice injected. By contrast, it increased in all of the mice injected with the mock vector-transduced T cell. In conclusion, T cell with the anti-CD38-CAR showed powerful cytotoxicity against B-NHL cells in vitro and in vivo. These findings may provide an important clue for improving the methodology of T-cell-mediated immunotherapy.
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Kang BN, Deshpande DA, Tirumurugaan KG, Panettieri RA, Walseth TF, Kannan MS. Adenoviral mediated anti-sense CD38 attenuates TNF-alpha-induced changes in calcium homeostasis of human airway smooth muscle cells. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2006; 83:799-804. [PMID: 16333382 DOI: 10.1139/y05-081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
CD38 is a membrane-bound protein involved in the synthesis and degradation of cyclic-ADP-ribose (cADPR). cADPR mobilizes calcium from intracellular stores in airway smooth muscle cells. To determine the role of CD38/cADPR signaling in calcium regulation in human airway smooth muscle (HASM) cells, we downregulated CD38 expression using a recombinant replication-defective adenovirus with anti-sense human CD38 (Ad-asCD38). CD38 expression was determined by RT-PCR and real-time quantitative PCR, and ADP-ribosyl cyclase (cyclase) activity was determined by competitive binding assay. In HASM cells infected with Ad-asCD38, TNF-alpha-induced, augmented-CD38 expression and cyclase activity were significantly lower than in TNF-alpha-treated cells. The net intracellular calcium responses to 10 nmol/L bradykinin were measured in HASM cells by fluorescence imaging. In cells infected with Ad-asCD38 in the presence of TNF-alpha, the net intracellular Ca2+ responses were significantly lower than in cells treated with TNF-alpha in the presence of the control vector (p < 0.001). These results provide evidence for the feasibility of using adenoviral vectors for gene transfer to down regulate gene expression, and confirm the role of CD38 in calcium homeostatis in ASM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bit Na Kang
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
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Abstract
Analysis of expression of CD38, CD45R (B220), IgM and IgD on splenic B lymphocytes from mice of different ages demonstrated CD38 on both immature (B220(+), BCR(-)) and mature (B220(+), BCR(+)) B lymphocytes. Similarly, CD38 is expressed as early as B220 on the surface of progenitor B cells in the bone marrow. In spite of expressing of CD38 and IgM, neonatal B cells, in contrast to the adult, failed to proliferate to either anti-CD38 or anti-IgM cross-linking when IL-4 was present. They did, however, respond to LPS and anti-CD40, and by 2 weeks of age they began to respond to anti-CD38 and anti-IgM, reaching adult B cell levels by 4 weeks. Although the distribution of CD38 on adult B cells from most different lymphoid compartments was broadly similar, significantly higher levels of CD38 were expressed on peritoneal B lymphocytes. A detailed analysis, using IgM / IgD ratio and staining with anti-CD5 confirmed that B1 lymphocytes were expressing a high level of CD38. Interestingly, both immature B cells and peritoneal B1 lymphocytes were unresponsive to anti-CD38. However, they were activated by LPS or anti-CD40.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Raúl Donís-Hernández
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N.México D. F., México
| | | | - Leopoldo Santos-Argumedo
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N.México D. F., México
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Donís-Hernández FR, Parkhouse RME, Santos-Argumedo L. Ontogeny, distribution and function of CD38-expressing B lymphocytes in mice. Eur J Immunol 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-4141(200104)31:4<1261::aid-immu1261>3.0.co;2-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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