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Taskinen JH, Ruhanen H, Matysik S, Käkelä R, Olkkonen VM. Systemwide effects of ER-intracellular membrane contact site disturbance in primary endothelial cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 232:106349. [PMID: 37321512 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2023.106349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Membrane contact sites (MCS) make up a crucial route of inter-organelle non-vesicular transport within the cell. Multiple proteins are involved in this process, which includes the ER-resident proteins vesicle associated membrane protein associated protein A and -B (VAPA/B) that form MCS between the ER and other membrane compartments. Currently most functional data on VAP depleted phenotypes have shown alterations in lipid homeostasis, induction of ER stress, dysfunction of UPR and autophagy, as well as neurodegeneration. Literature on concurrent silencing of VAPA/B is still sparse; therefore, we investigated how it affects the macromolecule pools of primary endothelial cells. Our transcriptomics results showed significant upregulation in genes related to inflammation, ER and Golgi dysfunction, ER stress, cell adhesion, as well as Coat Protein Complex-I and -II (COP-I, COP-II) vesicle transport. Genes related to cellular division were downregulated, as well as key genes of lipid and sterol biosynthesis. Lipidomics analyses revealed reductions in cholesteryl esters, very long chain highly unsaturated and saturated lipids, whereas increases in free cholesterol and relatively short chain unsaturated lipids were evident. Furthermore, the knockdown resulted in an inhibition of angiogenesis in vitro. We speculate that ER MCS depletion has led to multifaceted outcomes, which include elevated ER free cholesterol content and ER stress, alterations in lipid metabolism, ER-Golgi function and vesicle transport, which have led to a reduction in angiogenesis. The silencing also induced an inflammatory response, consistent with upregulation of markers of early atherogenesis. To conclude, ER MCS mediated by VAPA/B play a crucial role in maintaining cholesterol traffic and sustain normal endothelial functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juuso H Taskinen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Tukholmankatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna Ruhanen
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 1, PO BOX 65, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki University Lipidomics Unit (HiLIPID), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE) and Biocenter Finland, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 1, PO BOX 65, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Silke Matysik
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Reijo Käkelä
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 1, PO BOX 65, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki University Lipidomics Unit (HiLIPID), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE) and Biocenter Finland, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 1, PO BOX 65, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vesa M Olkkonen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Tukholmankatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.
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Sonnweber T, Grubwieser P, Pizzini A, Boehm A, Sahanic S, Luger A, Schwabl C, Widmann G, Egger A, Hoermann G, Wöll E, Puchner B, Kaser S, Theurl I, Nairz M, Tymoszuk P, Weiss G, Joannidis M, Löffler-Ragg J, Tancevski I. Pulmonary recovery from COVID-19 in patients with metabolic diseases: a longitudinal prospective cohort study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2599. [PMID: 36788324 PMCID: PMC9926446 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29654-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is related to the presence of comorbidities including metabolic diseases. We herein present data from the longitudinal prospective CovILD trial, and investigate the recovery from COVID-19 in individuals with dysglycemia and dyslipidemia. A total of 145 COVID-19 patients were prospectively followed and a comprehensive clinical, laboratory and imaging assessment was performed at 60, 100, 180, and 360 days after the onset of COVID-19. The severity of acute COVID-19 and outcome at early post-acute follow-up were significantly related to the presence of dysglycemia and dyslipidemia. Still, at long-term follow-up, metabolic disorders were not associated with an adverse pulmonary outcome, as reflected by a good recovery of structural lung abnormalities in both, patients with and without metabolic diseases. To conclude, dyslipidemia and dysglycemia are associated with a more severe course of acute COVID-19 as well as delayed early recovery but do not impair long-term pulmonary recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Sonnweber
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Philipp Grubwieser
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alex Pizzini
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anna Boehm
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sabina Sahanic
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anna Luger
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christoph Schwabl
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gerlig Widmann
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alexander Egger
- Central Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gregor Hoermann
- Central Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Munich, Germany
| | - Ewald Wöll
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vinzenz Hospital, Zams, Austria
| | - Bernhard Puchner
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- The Karl Landsteiner Institute, Reha Zentrum Münster, Münster, Austria
| | - Susanne Kaser
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Igor Theurl
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Manfred Nairz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Günter Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Joannidis
- Division of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Judith Löffler-Ragg
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Ivan Tancevski
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Hua Q, Zhu Y, Liu H. Detection of volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath to screen lung cancer: a systematic review. Future Oncol 2018; 14:1647-1662. [PMID: 29939068 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2017-0676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the clinical value of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath for lung cancer (LC) screening, a systematic review was performed. Systematic search for studies about exhaled VOCs for LC screening was conducted according to PRISMA. Thirty eight studies with 4873 participants met the criteria for inclusion in this systematic review. Generally speaking, the results suggest that exhaled VOCs have potential to screen LC and more studies are needed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingling Hua
- Department of Oncology, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, PR China
| | - Yanzhe Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Hu Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
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Dong W, Gong H, Zhang G, Vuletic S, Albers J, Zhang J, Liang H, Sui Y, Zheng J. Lipoprotein lipase and phospholipid transfer protein overexpression in human glioma cells and their effect on cell growth, apoptosis, and migration. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2017; 49:62-73. [PMID: 27864281 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmw117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is one of the common tumors in brain. The expression level of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) or phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) may influence glioma progression and its relationship with clinical and pathological parameters. The clinical significance of LPL or PLTP expression in glioma has not been established. In the present study, the LPL and PLTP levels in glioma tumors were investigated and the relationship between the LPL and PLTP level and the grade of malignant glioma was analyzed, with the aim to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of gliomas in clinical and basic research settings. LPL and PLTP mRNA and protein levels were significantly higher in Grade IV glioma than those in the lower grade tumors (P < 0.01). Double immunofluorescent staining showed that the levels of LPL and PLTP were significantly associated with the pathological grade of glioma (P = 0.005). The levels of LPL and PLTP were increased with the shortened survival of glioma patients (P < 0.001). Knockdown of LPL and PLTP led to decreased cell growth and migration but increased apoptosis in vitro Additionally, cell cycle-related cyclins and their partners were found to be down-regulated while cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p16, p21, and Rb were up-regulated. Furthermore, knockdown of LPL or PLTP resulted in the up-regulation of pro-apoptotic molecules and the down-regulation of anti-apoptotic molecules. Ablation of LPL or PLTP in U251 cells resulted in the down-regulation of epithelial mesenchymal transition markers and invasion molecules matrix metalloproteinases. LPL and PLTP appear to be novel glioma-associated proteins and play a role in the progression of human glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijiang Dong
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Huilin Gong
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Guanjun Zhang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Simona Vuletic
- Northwest Lipid Metabolism and Diabetes Research Laboratories, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, 98109 WA
| | - John Albers
- Northwest Lipid Metabolism and Diabetes Research Laboratories, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, 98109 WA
| | - Jiaojiao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Hua Liang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yanxia Sui
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jin Zheng
- Hospital of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
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Effect of Phospholipid Transfer Protein on Cigarette Smoke Extract-Induced IL-8 Production in Human Pulmonary Epithelial Cells. Inflammation 2016; 39:1972-1980. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-016-0432-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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6
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Chen H, Liao K, Cui-Zhao L, Qiang-Wen F, Feng-Zeng X, Ping-Wu F, Liang-Guo S, Juan-Chen Y. Cigarette smoke extract induces apoptosis of rat alveolar Type II cells via the PLTP/TGF-β1/Smad2 pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 28:707-14. [PMID: 26258626 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells has been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury. Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) may play a role in apoptosis. In the present study, the effect of the novel function of PLTP in cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells and the possible mechanism were examined. Male Wistar rats were exposed to air and cigarette smoke (n=10/exposure) for 6h/day on 3 consecutive days, then the lungs were sectioned and examined. To investigate effects on alveolar epithelial cells, rat alveolar epithelial cells (RLE-6TN) were treated with different concentrations of CSE for various times. siRNA for PLTP was transfected into cells and an inhibitor of the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) type I receptor was administered prior to CSE exposure. Apoptosis was measured, and mRNA expression of PLTP and TGF-β1 and protein levels of PLTP, TGF-β1, p-Smad2 and cleaved caspase-3 were analyzed. The results showed that apoptosis, as well as expression of PLTP, TGF-β1, p-Smad2 and cleaved caspase-3 were all significantly increased after CSE stimulation (P<0.05). Furthermore, the expression of TGF-β1, p-Smad2 and cleaved caspase-3 induced by CSE could be partly abrogated by knockdown of PLTP. The expression of PLTP showed no significant change as a result of TGF-β1 receptor inhibition, while cleaved caspase-3 showed a remarkable reduction. PLTP may act as an upstream signal molecule of the TGF-β1/Smad2 pathway and is likely to be involved in CSE-induced apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Respiratory Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Ke Liao
- Respiratory Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Respiratory Department, Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.
| | - Lv Cui-Zhao
- Drug Engineering Research Center of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Fu Qiang-Wen
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xue Feng-Zeng
- Respiratory Department, The Third People's Hospital of Cheng Du, Cheng Du, China.
| | - Feng Ping-Wu
- Respiratory Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Shu Liang-Guo
- Respiratory Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Ya Juan-Chen
- Respiratory Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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7
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Zhang K, Liu X, Yu Y, Luo T, Wang L, Ge C, Liu X, Song J, Jiang X, Zhang Y, Qin S, Zhang M. Phospholipid transfer protein destabilizes mouse atherosclerotic plaque. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34:2537-44. [PMID: 25324570 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.303966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) accelerates the development of atherosclerosis in mouse models. We examined the role of PLTP in atherosclerotic plaque stability. APPROACH AND RESULTS We prepared apolipoprotein E and PLTP double-knockout (PLTP(-/-)ApoE(-/-)) mice. PLTP deficiency significantly decreased lesion size and reduced monocyte/macrophage infiltration, as well as macrophage apoptosis in lesion areas. Moreover, it increased fibrous content in plaques, which suggests that PLTP may affect atherosclerotic plaque stability. Importantly, PLTP overexpression mediated by adenovirus had the reverse effect. It promoted the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in macrophages, which could lead to cell apoptosis and increased the production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. PLTP overexpression could promote receptor-interacting protein 3 recruitment of macrophages in cytoplasm, which could induce reactive oxygen species, thus inducing atherogenesis. CONCLUSIONS PLTP plays an important role in modulating the stability of atherosclerotic plaques. The receptor-interacting protein 3- reactive oxygen species signal pathway could be involved in this PLTP-mediated process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- From The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China (K.Z., X.L., L.W., C.G., X.L., J.S., Y.Z., M.Z.); The Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China (Y.Y., T.L., S.Q.); and Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York (X.J.)
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- From The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China (K.Z., X.L., L.W., C.G., X.L., J.S., Y.Z., M.Z.); The Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China (Y.Y., T.L., S.Q.); and Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York (X.J.)
| | - Yang Yu
- From The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China (K.Z., X.L., L.W., C.G., X.L., J.S., Y.Z., M.Z.); The Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China (Y.Y., T.L., S.Q.); and Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York (X.J.)
| | - Tian Luo
- From The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China (K.Z., X.L., L.W., C.G., X.L., J.S., Y.Z., M.Z.); The Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China (Y.Y., T.L., S.Q.); and Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York (X.J.)
| | - Lin Wang
- From The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China (K.Z., X.L., L.W., C.G., X.L., J.S., Y.Z., M.Z.); The Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China (Y.Y., T.L., S.Q.); and Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York (X.J.)
| | - Chen Ge
- From The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China (K.Z., X.L., L.W., C.G., X.L., J.S., Y.Z., M.Z.); The Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China (Y.Y., T.L., S.Q.); and Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York (X.J.)
| | - Xinxin Liu
- From The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China (K.Z., X.L., L.W., C.G., X.L., J.S., Y.Z., M.Z.); The Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China (Y.Y., T.L., S.Q.); and Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York (X.J.)
| | - Jiantao Song
- From The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China (K.Z., X.L., L.W., C.G., X.L., J.S., Y.Z., M.Z.); The Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China (Y.Y., T.L., S.Q.); and Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York (X.J.)
| | - Xiancheng Jiang
- From The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China (K.Z., X.L., L.W., C.G., X.L., J.S., Y.Z., M.Z.); The Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China (Y.Y., T.L., S.Q.); and Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York (X.J.)
| | - Yun Zhang
- From The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China (K.Z., X.L., L.W., C.G., X.L., J.S., Y.Z., M.Z.); The Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China (Y.Y., T.L., S.Q.); and Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York (X.J.)
| | - Shucun Qin
- From The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China (K.Z., X.L., L.W., C.G., X.L., J.S., Y.Z., M.Z.); The Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China (Y.Y., T.L., S.Q.); and Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York (X.J.)
| | - Mei Zhang
- From The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Public Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China (K.Z., X.L., L.W., C.G., X.L., J.S., Y.Z., M.Z.); The Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China (Y.Y., T.L., S.Q.); and Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, New York (X.J.).
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Abstract
Hypertriglyceridemia is a prevalent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and increasingly important in the setting of current obesity and insulin resistance epidemics. High triglyceride (TG) levels are markers for several types of atherogenic lipoproteins. Patients who have hypertriglyceridemia may be at significant risk for CVD even if low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels are at goal, and therefore warrant treatment that optimizes diet, reduces overweight, and promotes regular exercise. High-risk patients with hypertriglyceridemia, such as those with diabetes, CVD, or metabolic syndrome, may benefit from additional drug treatment aside from a statin to address other lipid abnormalities. In this discussion, we review the role of hypertriglyceridemia and its associated atherogenic lipoproteins in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, the relevance of a high TG level as a predictor of CVD, the cardiovascular outcomes from TG-lowering intervention trials, and the current guidelines for treating hypertriglyceridemia.
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Vuletic S, Dong W, Wolfbauer G, Tang C, Albers JJ. PLTP regulates STAT3 and NFκB in differentiated THP1 cells and human monocyte-derived macrophages. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2011; 1813:1917-24. [PMID: 21782857 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2011.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) plays an important role in regulation of inflammation. Previously published studies have shown that PLTP binds, transfers and neutralizes bacterial lipopolysaccharides. In the current study we tested the hypothesis that PLTP can also regulate anti-inflammatory pathways in macrophages. Incubation of macrophage-like differentiated THP1 cells and human monocyte-derived macrophages with wild-type PLTP in the presence or absence of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) or interferon gamma (IFNγ) significantly increased nuclear levels of active signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, pSTAT3(Tyr705) (p<0.01). Similar results were obtained in the presence of a PLTP mutant without lipid transfer activity (PLTP(M159E)), suggesting that PLTP-mediated lipid transfer is not required for activation of the STAT3 pathway. Inhibition of ABCA1 by chemical inhibitor, glyburide, as well as ABCA1 RNA inhibition, reversed the observed PLTP-mediated activation of STAT3. In addition, PLTP reduced nuclear levels of active nuclear factor kappa-B (NFκB) p65 and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in conditioned media of differentiated THP1 cells and human monocyte-derived macrophages. Our data suggest that PLTP has anti-inflammatory capabilities in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vuletic
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
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10
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Miller M, Stone NJ, Ballantyne C, Bittner V, Criqui MH, Ginsberg HN, Goldberg AC, Howard WJ, Jacobson MS, Kris-Etherton PM, Lennie TA, Levi M, Mazzone T, Pennathur S. Triglycerides and cardiovascular disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2011; 123:2292-333. [PMID: 21502576 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0b013e3182160726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1274] [Impact Index Per Article: 98.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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11
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Dong W, Albers JJ, Vuletic S. Phospholipid transfer protein reduces phosphorylation of tau in human neuronal cells. J Neurosci Res 2009; 87:3176-85. [PMID: 19472218 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.22137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Tau function is regulated by phosphorylation, and abnormal tau phosphorylation in neurons is one of the key processes associated with development of Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies. In this study we provide evidence that phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP), one of the main lipid transfer proteins in the brain, significantly reduces levels of phosphorylated tau and increases levels of the inactive form of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK3 beta) in HCN2 cells. Furthermore, inhibition of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) reversed the PLTP-induced increase in levels of GSK3 beta phosphorylated at serine 9 (pGSK3 beta(Ser9)) and partially reversed the PLTP-induced reduction in tau phosphorylation. We provide evidence that the PLTP-induced changes are not due to activation of Disabled-1 (Dab1), insofar as PLTP reduced levels of total and phosphorylated Dab1 in HCN2 cells. We have also shown that inhibition of tyrosine kinase activity of insulin receptor (IR) and/or insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) receptor (IGFR) reverses the PLTP-induced increase in levels of phosphorylated Akt (pAkt(Thr308) and pAkt(Ser473)), suggesting that PLTP-mediated activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway is dependent on IR/IGFR receptor tyrosine kinase activity. Our study suggests that PLTP may be an important modulator of signal transduction pathways in human neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijiang Dong
- Northwest Lipid Metabolism and Diabetes Research Laboratories, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
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Tzotzas T, Desrumaux C, Lagrost L. Plasma phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP): review of an emerging cardiometabolic risk factor. Obes Rev 2009; 10:403-11. [PMID: 19413703 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-789x.2009.00586.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Plasma phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) is a lipid transfer glycoprotein that binds to and transfers a number of amphipathic compounds. In earlier studies, the attention of the scientific community focused on the positive role of PLTP in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism. However, this potentially anti-atherogenic role of PLTP has been challenged recently by another picture: PLTP arose as a pro-atherogenic factor through its ability to increase the production of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins, to decrease their antioxidative protection and to trigger inflammation. In humans, PLTP has mostly been studied in patients with cardiometabolic disorders. Both PLTP and related cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) are secreted proteins, and adipose tissue is an important contributor to the systemic pools of these two proteins. Coincidently, high levels of PLTP and CETP have been found in the plasma of obese patients. PLTP activity and mass have been reported to be abnormally elevated in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and insulin-resistant states, and this elevation is frequently associated with hypertriglyceridemia and obesity. This review article presents the state of knowledge on the implication of PLTP in lipoprotein metabolism, on its atherogenic potential, and the complexity of its implication in obesity, insulin resistance and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tzotzas
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Technological Educational Institution, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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