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Li X, Yin Z, Yan W, Wang M, Chang C, Guo C, Xue L, Zhou Q, Sun Y. Association between Changes in Plasma Metabolism and Clinical Outcomes of Sepsis. Emerg Med Int 2023; 2023:2590115. [PMID: 37346225 PMCID: PMC10281824 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2590115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Current prognostic biomarkers for sepsis have limited sensitivity and specificity. This study aimed to investigate dynamic lipid metabolomics and their association with septic immune response and clinical outcomes of sepsis. This prospective cohort study included patients with sepsis who met the Sepsis 3.0 criteria. On hospitalization days 1 (D1) and 7 (D7), plasma samples were collected, and patients underwent liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 40 patients were enrolled in the study, 24 (60%) of whom were men. The median age of the enrolled patients was 81 (68-84) years. Thirty-one (77.5%) patients had a primary infection site of the lung. Participants were allocated to the survivor (25 cases) and nonsurvivor (15 cases) groups based on their 28-day survival status. Ultimately, a total of 113 lipids were detected in plasma samples on D 1 and D 7, of which 42 lipids were most abundant in plasma samples. The nonsurvival group had significantly lower lipid expression levels in lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC) (16 : 0, 17 : 0,18 : 0) and 18 : 1 SM than those in the survival group (p < 0.05) on D7-D1. The correlation analysis showed that D7-D1 16 : 0 LysoPC (r = 0.367, p = 0.036),17 : 0 LysoPC (r = 0.389, p = 0.025) and 18 : 0 LysoPC(r = 0.472, p = 0.006) levels were positively correlated with the percentage of CD3+ T cell in the D7-D1. Plasma LysoPC and SM changes may serve as prognostic biomarkers for sepsis, and lipid metabolism may play a role in septic immune disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhongnan Yin
- Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- Biobank, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chun Chang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chenglin Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lixiang Xue
- Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- Biobank, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qingtao Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yongchang Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
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Su L, Tong H, Zhang J, Hao M, Fei C, Ji D, Gu W, Bian Z, Mao C, Lu T. Revealing the mechanism of raw and vinegar-processed Curcuma aromatica Salisb. [Zingiberaceae] regulates primary dysmenorrhea in rats via integrated metabolomics. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:926291. [PMID: 36176430 PMCID: PMC9513393 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.926291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary dysmenorrhea (PDM) is a common disorder among women around the world. Two processed products of Curcuma aromatica Salisb. [Zingiberaceae] (CAS) are traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that have long been used to treat gynecological blood stasis syndrome such as primary dysmenorrhea. The mechanisms and active substances of CAS are still largely unknown. The study aimed to establish a rat model of primary dysmenorrhea which investigates the differences between the pharmacodynamics and mechanisms of raw CAS (RCAS) and vinegar-processed CAS (VCAS). Histopathology, cytokinetics, and metabolomics were adopted to evaluate the anti-blood stasis effect of RCAS and VCAS. In metabolomics, endogenous differential metabolites in plasma, urine, and feces are the essential steps to evaluate the effect of RCAS and VCAS. In this study, the rat model of primary dysmenorrhea was successfully established. After RCAS and VCAS intervention, the uterine tissue morphology of dysmenorrhea model rats was improved, and gland hypertrophy and myometrial hyperplasia were reduced as well as neutrophil content. Compared with the RCAS group, the VCAS group had better uterine morphology, few inflammatory factors, and significantly improved amino acid and lipid metabolism. The aforementioned results support the conclusion that VCAS performed better than RCAS in primary dysmenorrhea and that vinegar processing increases the efficacy of CAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianlin Su
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Huangjin Tong
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiuba Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Hao
- College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenghao Fei
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - De Ji
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Gu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenhua Bian
- Wuxi TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Chunqin Mao
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Chunqin Mao, ; Tulin Lu,
| | - Tulin Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Chunqin Mao, ; Tulin Lu,
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Knuplez E, Marsche G. An Updated Review of Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Plasma Lysophosphatidylcholines in the Vascular System. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124501. [PMID: 32599910 PMCID: PMC7350010 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidylcholines are a group of bioactive lipids heavily investigated in the context of inflammation and atherosclerosis development. While present in plasma during physiological conditions, their concentration can drastically increase in certain inflammatory states. Lysophosphatidylcholines are widely regarded as potent pro-inflammatory and deleterious mediators, but an increasing number of more recent studies show multiple beneficial properties under various pathological conditions. Many of the discrepancies in the published studies are due to the investigation of different species or mixtures of lysophatidylcholines and the use of supra-physiological concentrations in the absence of serum or other carrier proteins. Furthermore, interpretation of the results is complicated by the rapid metabolism of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) in cells and tissues to pro-inflammatory lysophosphatidic acid. Interestingly, most of the recent studies, in contrast to older studies, found lower LPC plasma levels associated with unfavorable disease outcomes. Being the most abundant lysophospholipid in plasma, it is of utmost importance to understand its physiological functions and shed light on the discordant literature connected to its research. LPCs should be recognized as important homeostatic mediators involved in all stages of vascular inflammation. In this review, we want to point out potential pro- and anti-inflammatory activities of lysophospholipids in the vascular system and highlight recent discoveries about the effect of lysophosphatidylcholines on immune cells at the endothelial vascular interface. We will also look at their potential clinical application as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Knuplez
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Correspondence: (E.K.); (G.M.); Tel.: +43-385-74115 (E.K.); +43-316-385-74128 (G.M.)
| | - Gunther Marsche
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Correspondence: (E.K.); (G.M.); Tel.: +43-385-74115 (E.K.); +43-316-385-74128 (G.M.)
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Chapman MJ, Orsoni A, Tan R, Mellett NA, Nguyen A, Robillard P, Giral P, Thérond P, Meikle PJ. LDL subclass lipidomics in atherogenic dyslipidemia: effect of statin therapy on bioactive lipids and dense LDL. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:911-932. [PMID: 32295829 PMCID: PMC7269759 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.p119000543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherogenic LDL particles are physicochemically and metabolically heterogeneous. Can bioactive lipid cargo differentiate LDL subclasses, and thus potential atherogenicity? What is the effect of statin treatment? Obese hypertriglyceridemic hypercholesterolemic males [n = 12; lipoprotein (a) <10 mg/dl] received pitavastatin calcium (4 mg/day) for 180 days in a single-phase unblinded study. The lipidomic profiles (23 lipid classes) of five LDL subclasses fractionated from baseline and post-statin plasmas were determined by LC-MS. At baseline and on statin treatment, very small dense LDL (LDL5) was preferentially enriched (up to 3-fold) in specific lysophospholipids {LPC, lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI), lysoalkylphosphatidylcholine [LPC(O)]; 9, 0.2, and 0.14 mol per mole of apoB, respectively; all P < 0.001 vs. LDL1-4}, suggesting elevated inflammatory potential per particle. In contrast, lysophosphatidylethanolamine was uniformly distributed among LDL subclasses. Statin treatment markedly reduced absolute plasma concentrations of all LDL subclasses (up to 33.5%), including LPC, LPI, and LPC(O) contents (up to -52%), consistent with reduction in cardiovascular risk. Despite such reductions, lipotoxic ceramide load per particle in LDL1-5 (1.5-3 mol per mole of apoB; 3-7 mmol per mole of PC) was either conserved or elevated. Bioactive lipids may constitute biomarkers for the cardiometabolic risk associated with specific LDL subclasses in atherogenic dyslipidemia at baseline, and with residual risk on statin therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M John Chapman
- Endocrinology Metabolism Division, Pitié-Salpetrière University Hospital, Sorbonne University and National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Paris, France; Metabolomics Laboratory Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. mailto:
| | - Alexina Orsoni
- Service de Biochimie AP-HP, HU Paris-Saclay, Bicetre University Hospital, Le Kremlin Bicêtre and EA 7357, Paris-Saclay University, Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Ricardo Tan
- Metabolomics Laboratory Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Natalie A Mellett
- Metabolomics Laboratory Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anh Nguyen
- Metabolomics Laboratory Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul Robillard
- Endocrinology Metabolism Division, Pitié-Salpetrière University Hospital, Sorbonne University and National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Paris, France
| | - Philippe Giral
- INSERM UMR1166 and Cardiovascular Prevention Units, ICAN-Institute of CardioMetabolism and Nutrition, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpetrière University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Patrice Thérond
- Service de Biochimie AP-HP, HU Paris-Saclay, Bicetre University Hospital, Le Kremlin Bicêtre and EA 7357, Paris-Saclay University, Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Peter J Meikle
- Metabolomics Laboratory Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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5
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Wei Q, Wang J, Shi W, Zhang B, Jiang H, Du M, Mei H, Hu Y. Improved in vivo detection of atherosclerotic plaques with a tissue factor-targeting magnetic nanoprobe. Acta Biomater 2019; 90:324-336. [PMID: 30954623 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Rupture of atherosclerotic plaques causes acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular pathology. Tissue factor (TF) is a key factor that affects the development of atherosclerotic plaques and the formation of thrombus and thus constitutes a potential target for the detection of atherosclerotic plaques. In this study, the conjugation of the fusion protein 'enhanced green fluorescent protein with the first epidermal growth factor domain' (EGFP-EGF1) and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (EGFP-EGF1-SPIONs) was explored for molecular imaging of TF-positive atherosclerotic plaques. EGFP-EGF1-SPIONs showed improved accuracy, superior contrast effects, and better cytocompatibility compared with common contrast agents in the detection of atherosclerotic plaques of apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE-/-) mice using magnetic resonance imaging. In conclusion, EGFP-EGF1-SPION is a promising TF-targeting nanoprobe to precisely and specifically detect atherosclerotic plaques, which may improve molecular imaging diagnosis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events for the comprehensive evaluation of atherosclerosis. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Traditional methods can only display the status of atherosclerosis, but not forecast the progress of lesions efficiently. It remains challenging to evaluate the plaques specifically and sensitively. In this study, we constructed a tissue factor-targeted magnetic nanoprobe to specifically detect plaques by magnetic resonance imaging in vivo, which will improve the diagnostic technology for atherosclerotic plaques and offer molecular level guidance to treat atherosclerosis. Furthermore, this strategy has critical clinical significance on prevention, diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation of cardio-cerebral vascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuzhe Wei
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China; Targeted Biotherapy Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China
| | - Wei Shi
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China; Targeted Biotherapy Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, PR China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China; Targeted Biotherapy Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Huiwen Jiang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China
| | - Mengyi Du
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China
| | - Heng Mei
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China; Targeted Biotherapy Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, PR China.
| | - Yu Hu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China; Targeted Biotherapy Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, PR China.
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6
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Hao M, Ji D, Li L, Su L, Gu W, Gu L, Wang Q, Lu T, Mao C. Mechanism of Curcuma wenyujin Rhizoma on Acute Blood Stasis in Rats Based on a UPLC-Q/TOF-MS Metabolomics and Network Approach. Molecules 2018; 24:molecules24010082. [PMID: 30591632 PMCID: PMC6337646 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizome of Curcuma wenyujin, which is called EZhu in China, is a traditional Chinese medicine used to treat blood stasis for many years. However, the underlying mechanism of EZhu is not clear at present. In this study, plasma metabolomics combined with network pharmacology were used to elucidate the therapeutic mechanism of EZhu in blood stasis from a metabolic perspective. The results showed that 26 potential metabolite markers of acute blood stasis were screened, and the levels were all reversed to different degrees by EZhu preadministration. Metabolic pathway analysis showed that the improvement of blood stasis by Curcuma wenyujin rhizome was mainly related to lipid metabolism (linoleic acid metabolism, ether lipid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and arachidonic acid metabolism) and amino acid metabolisms (tryptophan metabolism, lysine degradation). The component-target-pathway network showed that 68 target proteins were associated with 21 chemical components in EZhu. Five metabolic pathways of the network, including linoleic acid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, and steroid hormone biosynthesis, were consistent with plasma metabolomics results. In conclusion, plasma metabolomics combined with network pharmacology can be helpful to clarify the mechanism of EZhu in improving blood stasis and to provide a literature basis for further research on the therapeutic mechanism of EZhu in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - De Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Lin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Lianlin Su
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Wei Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Liya Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Qiaohan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Tulin Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Chunqin Mao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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7
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Zhang X, Li P, Hua Y, Ji P, Yao W, Ma Q, Yuan Z, Wen Y, Yang C, Wei Y. Urinary metabolomics study the mechanism of Taohong Siwu Decoction intervention in acute blood stasis model rats based on liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1074-1075:51-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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8
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Li YF, Li RS, Samuel SB, Cueto R, Li XY, Wang H, Yang XF. Lysophospholipids and their G protein-coupled receptors in atherosclerosis. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 2016; 21:70-88. [PMID: 26594106 DOI: 10.2741/4377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Lysophospholipids (LPLs) are bioactive lipid-derived signaling molecules generated by the enzymatic and chemical processes of regiospecific phospholipases on substrates such as membrane phospholipids (PLs) and sphingolipids (SLs). They play a major role as extracellular mediators by activating G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and stimulating diverse cellular responses from their signaling pathways. LPLs are involved in various pathologies of the vasculature system including coronary heart disease and hypertension. Many studies suggest the importance of LPLs in their association with the development of atherosclerosis, a chronic and severe vascular disease. This paper focuses on the pathophysiological effects of different lysophospholipids on atherosclerosis, which may promote the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction and strokes. Their atherogenic biological activities take place in vascular endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, monocytes and macrophages, dendritic cells, T-lymphocytes, platelets, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Feng Li
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research and Thrombosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA ; Department of Nephrology and Hemodialysis Center, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Rong-Shan Li
- Department of Nephrology and Hemodialysis Center, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, China
| | - Sonia B Samuel
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research and Thrombosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Ramon Cueto
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research and Thrombosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Xin-Yuan Li
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research and Thrombosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Hong Wang
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research and Thrombosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Xiao-Feng Yang
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research and Thrombosis Research, Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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9
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Campos AM, Maciel E, Moreira ASP, Sousa B, Melo T, Domingues P, Curado L, Antunes B, Domingues MRM, Santos F. Lipidomics of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Understanding the Adaptation of Phospholipid Profile in Response to Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines. J Cell Physiol 2015; 231:1024-32. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Margarida Campos
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, QOPNA; Department of Chemistry; University of Aveiro; Aveiro Portugal
| | - Elisabete Maciel
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, QOPNA; Department of Chemistry; University of Aveiro; Aveiro Portugal
| | - Ana S. P. Moreira
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, QOPNA; Department of Chemistry; University of Aveiro; Aveiro Portugal
| | - Bebiana Sousa
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, QOPNA; Department of Chemistry; University of Aveiro; Aveiro Portugal
| | - Tânia Melo
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, QOPNA; Department of Chemistry; University of Aveiro; Aveiro Portugal
| | - Pedro Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, QOPNA; Department of Chemistry; University of Aveiro; Aveiro Portugal
| | - Liliana Curado
- Cell2B Advanced Therapeutics SA; Biocant Park Núcleo 04 Lote 4 A; Cantanhede Portugal
| | - Brígida Antunes
- Cell2B Advanced Therapeutics SA; Biocant Park Núcleo 04 Lote 4 A; Cantanhede Portugal
| | - M. Rosário M. Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, QOPNA; Department of Chemistry; University of Aveiro; Aveiro Portugal
| | - Francisco Santos
- Cell2B Advanced Therapeutics SA; Biocant Park Núcleo 04 Lote 4 A; Cantanhede Portugal
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10
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Physical Exercise Induces Specific Adaptations Resulting in Reduced Organ Injury and Mortality During Severe Polymicrobial Sepsis. Crit Care Med 2013; 41:e246-55. [DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0b013e31828a2ae3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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11
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Chu AJ. Tissue factor, blood coagulation, and beyond: an overview. Int J Inflam 2011; 2011:367284. [PMID: 21941675 PMCID: PMC3176495 DOI: 10.4061/2011/367284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Revised: 06/16/2011] [Accepted: 06/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence shows a broad spectrum of biological functions of tissue factor (TF). TF classical role in initiating the extrinsic blood coagulation and its direct thrombotic action in close relation to cardiovascular risks have long been established. TF overexpression/hypercoagulability often observed in many clinical conditions certainly expands its role in proinflammation, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, angiogenesis, tumor metastasis, wound repairs, embryonic development, cell adhesion/migration, innate immunity, infection, pregnancy loss, and many others. This paper broadly covers seminal observations to discuss TF pathogenic roles in relation to diverse disease development or manifestation. Biochemically, extracellular TF signaling interfaced through protease-activated receptors (PARs) elicits cellular activation and inflammatory responses. TF diverse biological roles are associated with either coagulation-dependent or noncoagulation-mediated actions. Apparently, TF hypercoagulability refuels a coagulation-inflammation-thrombosis circuit in “autocrine” or “paracrine” fashions, which triggers a wide spectrum of pathophysiology. Accordingly, TF suppression, anticoagulation, PAR blockade, or general anti-inflammation offers an array of therapeutical benefits for easing diverse pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur J Chu
- Division of Biological and Physical Sciences, Delta State University, Cleveland, MS 38733, USA
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12
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Hung ND, Kim MR, Sok DE. Mechanisms for anti-inflammatory effects of 1-[15(S)-hydroxyeicosapentaenoyl] lysophosphatidylcholine, administered intraperitoneally, in zymosan A-induced peritonitis. Br J Pharmacol 2011; 162:1119-35. [PMID: 21091644 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.01117.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Lysophosphatidylcholines (lysoPCs) with polyunsaturated acyl chains are known to exert anti-inflammatory actions. 15-Lipoxygeanation is crucial for anti-inflammatory action of polyunsaturated acylated lysoPCs. Here, the anti-inflammatory actions of 1-(15-hydroxyeicosapentaenoyl)-lysoPC (15-HEPE-lysoPC) and its derivatives were examined in a mechanistic analysis. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Anti-inflammatory actions of 15-HEPE-lysoPC in zymosan A-induced peritonitis of mice were examined by measuring plasma leakage and leucocyte infiltration, and determining levels of lipid mediators or cytokines. KEY RESULTS When each lysoPC, administered i.v., was assessed for its ability to suppress zymosan A-induced plasma leakage, 15-HEPE-lysoPC was found to be more potent than 1-(15-hydroperoxyeicosapentaenoyl)-lysoPC or 1-eicosapentaenoyl-lysoPC. Separately, i.p. administration of 15-HEPE-lysoPC markedly inhibited plasma leakage, in contrast to 15-HEPE, which had only a small effect. 15-HEPE-lysoPC also decreased leucocyte infiltration. Moreover, it reduced the formation of LTC₄ and LTB₄, 5-lipoxygenation products, as well as the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The time-course study indicated that 15-HEPE-lysoPC might participate in both the early inflammatory phase and resolution phase. Additionally, 15-HEPE-lysoPC administration caused a partial suppression of LTC₄-induced plasma leakage and LTB₄-induced leucocyte infiltration. In the metabolism study, peritoneal exudate was shown to contain lysoPC-hydrolysing activity, crucial for anti-inflammatory activity, and a system capable of generating lipoxin A from 15-hydroxy eicosanoid precursor. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS 15-HEPE-lysoPC, a precursor for 15-HEPE in target cells, induced anti-inflammatory actions by inhibiting the formation of pro-inflammatory leukotrienes and cytokines, and by enhancing the formation of lipoxin A. 15-HEPE-lysoPC might be one of many potent anti-inflammatory lipids in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Dang Hung
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-Ku, Teajon, Korea
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14
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Mei H, Shi W, Pang Z, Wang H, Lu W, Jiang X, Deng J, Guo T, Hu Y. EGFP-EGF1 protein-conjugated PEG-PLA nanoparticles for tissue factor targeted drug delivery. Biomaterials 2010; 31:5619-26. [PMID: 20413154 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2010] [Accepted: 03/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In a strategy for anti-thrombotic therapy, we have expressed EGFP-EGF1 fusion protein, in which EGF1 can bind with tissue factor (TF). EGFP has previously been widely used as a fluorescent protein marker. EGFP-EGF1 protein was thiolated and conjugated to the malemide covering on the pegylated nanoparticles (NP) to form the EGFP-EGF1-NP. The EGFP-EGF1-NP was characterized in terms of morphology, size and zeta potential. In vitro cell viability experiment confirmed that the biodegradable EGFP-EGF1-NP was safe. To evaluate the delivering ability of EGFP-EGF1-NP, a fluorochrome dye, Dir, was incorporated into the nanoparticle, and the loading capacity and release property of the particle were examined. In vitro results showed that the binding ability of EGFP-EGF1-NP with TF-expressing cells was significantly stronger than that of non-conjugated NP. In vivo multispectral fluorescent imaging demonstrated that EGFP-EGF1-NP had high specificity and sensitivity in targeting thrombi. Our study demonstrated that EGFP-EGF1-NP is a promising TF-targeting drug delivery system for thrombolytic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Mei
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
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15
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Binding of EGF1 domain peptide in coagulation factor VII with tissue factor and its implications for the triggering of coagulation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 30:42-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-010-0108-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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16
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Robbesyn F, Salvayre R, Negre-Salvayre A. Dual Role of Oxidized LDL on the NF-KappaB Signaling Pathway. Free Radic Res 2009; 38:541-51. [PMID: 15346645 DOI: 10.1080/10715760410001665244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a slowly evolutive age-linked disease of large arteries, characterized by a local lipid deposition associated with a chronic inflammatory response, leading potentially to acute plaque rupture, thrombosis and ischemic heart disease. Atherogenesis is a complex sequence of events associating first expression of adhesion molecules, recruitment of mononuclear cells to the endothelium, local activation of leukocytes and inflammation, lipid accumulation and foam cell formation. Low density lipoproteins (LDLs) become atherogenic after undergoing oxidation by vascular cells, that transform them into highly bioreactive oxidized LDL (oxidized LDLs). Oxidized LDLs are involved in foam cell formation, and trigger proatherogenic events such as overexpression of adhesion molecules, chemoattractant agents growth factors and cytokines involved in the inflammatory process, cell proliferation and apoptosis. Moreover, this toxic effect of oxidized LDLs plays probably a role in plaque erosion/rupture and subsequent atherothrombosis. Several biological effects of oxidized LDLs are mediated through changes in the activity of transcription factors and subsequently in gene expression. Oxidized LDLs exert a biphasic effect on the redox-sensitive transcription factor NF-kappaB, which can be activated thereby up-regulating proinflammatory gene expression, such as adhesion molecules, tissue factor, scavenger receptor LOX-1. On the other hand, higher concentrations of oxidized LDLs may inhibit NF-kappaB activation triggered by inflammatory agents such as LPS, and may thereby exert an immunosuppressive effect. This review is an attempt to clarify the mechanism by which oxidized LDLs may up- or down-regulate NF-kappaB, the role of NF-kappaB activation (or inhibition), and the consequences of the oxidized LDLs-mediated NF-kappaB dysregulation and their potential involvement in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Robbesyn
- INSERM U-466, CHU Rangueil, 31403 Toulouse, Cedex 4, France
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Fu P, Birukov KG. Oxidized phospholipids in control of inflammation and endothelial barrier. Transl Res 2009; 153:166-76. [PMID: 19304275 PMCID: PMC3677584 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2008.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2008] [Revised: 12/15/2008] [Accepted: 12/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The levels of circulating oxidized phospholipids (OxPLs) become increased in chronic and acute pathologic conditions such as hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, increased intimamedia thickness in the patients with systemic Lupus erythematosus, vascular balloon injury, acute lung injury (ALI), and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). These pathologies are associated with inflammation and activation of endothelial cells. Depending on the biological context and the specific group of phospholipid oxidation products, OxPL may exhibit both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects. This review will summarize the data showing a dual role of OxPL in modulation of chronic and acute inflammation as well as OxPL effects on pulmonary endothelial permeability. Recent reports show protective effects of OxPL in the models of endotoxin and ventilator-induced ALI and suggest a potential for using OxPL-derived cyclopenthenone-containing compounds with barrier-protective properties for drug design. These compounds may represent a new group of therapeutic agents for the treatment of lung syndromes associated with acute inflammation and lung vascular leak.
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Key Words
- ali, acute lung injury
- camp, cyclic adenosine monophosphate
- cox-2, cyclooxygenase-2
- cs1, connecting segment 1
- ec, endothelial cell
- enos, endothelial nitric oxide synthase
- erk1/2, extracellular signaling kinase 1/2
- egr-1, early growth response factor-1
- fak, focal adhesion kinase
- gas, gamma-interferon activation sequence
- gpcr, g-protein-coupled receptor
- gpi, glycosylphosphatidylinositol
- gtp, guanosine triphosphate
- ho-1, heme oxygenase-1
- icam-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, il-8, interleukin-8
- kodia-pc, 5-keto-6-octendioic acid ester of 2-lyso-phosphocholine
- lbp, lps binding protein
- ldl, low-density lipoprotein
- l-name, n-nitro-l-arginine-methyl ester
- lps, lipopolysaccharide
- mcp1, monocyte chemotactic protein 1
- mlc, myosin light chain
- mm-ldl, minimally modified ldl
- mrna, messenger rna
- nfκb, nuclear factor κb
- oxldl, oxidated ldl
- oxpapc, oxidized 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine
- oxpl, oxidized phospholipids
- paf, platelet activation factor
- papc, 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine
- pape, 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylethanolamine
- paps, 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylserine
- pecpc, 1-palmitoyl-2-(5,6-epoxycyclopentenone)-sn-glycero-3-phsphocholine
- peipc, 1-palmitoyl-2-(5,6-epoxyisoprostane e2)-sn-glycero-3-phsphocholine
- pge2, prostaglandin e2
- pgpc, 1-palmitoyl-2-glutaroyl-sn-glycero-phosphocholine
- pka, protein kinase a
- pkc, protein kinase c
- pla2, phospholipase a2
- povpc, 1-palmitoyl-2-(5-oxovaleroyl)-sn-glycero-phosphocholine
- ppar, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
- ros, reactive oxygen species
- sirna, small interfering rna
- srebp, sterol response element binding protein
- tf, tissue factor
- tlr, toll-like receptor
- tnf-α, tumor necrosis factor-α
- upr, unfolded protein response
- vcam-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1
- vegf, vascular endothelial growth factor
- vili, ventilator-induced lung injury
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Affiliation(s)
- Panfeng Fu
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill 60637, USA
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Parrish WR, Gallowitsch-Puerta M, Czura CJ, Tracey KJ. Experimental therapeutic strategies for severe sepsis: mediators and mechanisms. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2009; 1144:210-36. [PMID: 19076379 DOI: 10.1196/annals.1418.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Severe sepsis is the leading cause of mortality in intensive care units. The limited ability of current therapies to reduce sepsis mortality rates has fueled research efforts for the development of novel treatment strategies. Through the close collaboration between clinicians and scientists, progress can be seen in the struggle to develop effective therapeutic approaches for the treatment of sepsis and other immune and inflammatory disorders. Indeed, significant advances in intensive care, such as lung protective mechanical ventilation, improved antibiotics, and superior monitoring of systemic perfusion, are improving patient survival. Nonetheless, specific strategies that target the pathophysiological disorders in sepsis patients are essential to further improve clinical outcomes. This article reviews current clinical management approaches and experimental interventions that target pleiotropic or late-acting inflammatory mediators like caspases, C5a, MIF, and HMGB1, or the body's endogenous inflammatory control mechanisms such as the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. These inflammatory mediators and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, respectively, show significant potential for the development of new experimental therapies for the treatment of severe sepsis and other infectious and inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Parrish
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
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Identification of lysophosphatidylcholine-chlorohydrin in human atherosclerotic lesions. Lipids 2008; 43:243-9. [PMID: 18256867 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-008-3151-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2007] [Accepted: 12/24/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPtdCho) levels are elevated in sera in patients with atherosclerosis and in atherosclerotic tissue. Previous studies have shown that reactive chlorinating species attack plasmalogens in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC), forming lysoPtdCho and lysoPtdCho-chlorohydrin (lysoPtdCho-ClOH). The results herein demonstrate for the first time that lysoPtdCho-ClOH is elevated over 60-fold in human atherosclerotic lesions. In cultured HCAEC, 18:0 lysoPtdCho-ClOH led to a statistically significant increase in P-selectin cell-surface expression, but unlike 18:1 lysoPtdCho did not lead to cyclooxygenase-2 protein expression. These data show that 18:0 lysoPtdCho-ClOH is elevated in atherosclerotic tissue and may have unique pro-atherogenic properties compared to lysoPtdCho.
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20
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Xing F, Jiang Y, Liu J, Zhao K, Mo Y, Qin Q, Wang J, Ouyang J, Zeng Y. Role of AP1 element in the activation of human eNOS promoter by lysophosphatidylcholine. J Cell Biochem 2006; 98:872-84. [PMID: 16453281 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.20739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Human endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) plays a crucial role in maintaining blood pressure homeostasis and vascular integrity. It, therefore, is very essential to elucidate the regulation of it. In the current study, a red fluorescent protein (RFP) reporter system containing human eNOS promoter was first constructed, being characteristics of real time morphologic and quantitative analysis for the same sample. It was observed by DNA sequence deletion that 68% of the basal activity of the promoter was controlled by the region from -1 to -166 bp, and 32% of it was dependent on the region from -1,033 to -1,600 bp. The mutation of SSRE element (-999 to -994 bp) and wild-type SSRE decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) did not alter the basal activity and the stimulating activity by lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC). The mutation of upstream AP1 element (-1,530 to -1,524 bp) did not affect the basal activity, but resulted in near 30% reduction in the stimulating activity by LPC. Moreover, wild-type AP1 decoy ODN also remarkably attenuated it. It was proved by EMSA analysis that LPC indeed enhanced the activity of AP1 transcriptional factor binding to AP1 element. However, the role of AP1 was dependent on the presence of SP1, which was proved by the combining mutation of AP1 with SP1. The mutation of downstream AP1 element (-662 to -656 bp) had no influence on the basal and stimulating activities by LPC. These results strongly suggest that the main functional region of the promoter is from -1 bp to -166 bp, that the upstream AP1 participates in the activation of the promoter by LPC on the premise of the presence of SP1, and that the downstream AP1 and SSRE do not involve the basal and stimulating activity by LPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyue Xing
- Department of Biochemistry, National Specialized Laboratory and the Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Murch O, Collin M, Sepodes B, Foster SJ, Mota-Filipe H, Thiemermann C. Lysophosphatidylcholine reduces the organ injury and dysfunction in rodent models of gram-negative and gram-positive shock. Br J Pharmacol 2006; 148:769-77. [PMID: 16751791 PMCID: PMC1617069 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
1. Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) modulates the inflammatory response and reduces mortality in animal models of sepsis. Here, we investigate the effects of LPC from synthetic (sLPC) and natural, soy bean derived LPC, (nLPC) sources on the organ injury/dysfunction caused by systemic administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or peptidoglycan (PepG) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA). 2. Rats were subjected to (i) endotoxaemia (LPS 6 mg kg(-1) i.v.) and treated with sLPC (1-100 mg kg(-1)), (ii) endotoxaemia and treated with nLPC (10 mg kg(-1)) or (iii) gram-positive shock (PepG 10 mg kg(-1) and LTA 3 mg kg(-1) i.v.) and treated with sLPC (10 mg kg(-1)). 3. Endotoxaemia or gram-positive shock for 6 h resulted in increases in serum makers of renal dysfunction and liver, pancreatic and neuromuscular injury. 4. Administration of sLPC, at 1 or 2 h after LPS, dose dependently (1-10 mg kg(-1)) reduced the organ injury/dysfunction. High doses of sLPC (30 and 100 mg kg(-1)) were shown to be detrimental in endotoxaemia. sLPC also afforded protection against the organ injury/dysfunction caused by gram-positive shock. nLPC was found to be protective in endotoxaemic animals. 5. The beneficial effects of sLPC were associated with an attenuation in circulating levels of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta). 6. In conclusion, LPC dose and time dependently reduces the organ injury and circulating IL-1beta levels caused by gram-negative or gram-positive shock in the rat. Thus, we speculate that appropriate doses of LPC may be useful in reducing the degree of organ injury and dysfunction associated with shock of various aetiologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Murch
- The Centre for Experimental Medicine, Nephrology and Critical Care, The William Harvey Research Institute, St Bartholomew's and The Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ
| | - Marika Collin
- The Centre for Experimental Medicine, Nephrology and Critical Care, The William Harvey Research Institute, St Bartholomew's and The Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ
| | - Bruno Sepodes
- Pharmacology and Pharmacotoxicology Unit, Pharmacy School, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Simon J Foster
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield
| | - Helder Mota-Filipe
- Pharmacology and Pharmacotoxicology Unit, Pharmacy School, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Christoph Thiemermann
- The Centre for Experimental Medicine, Nephrology and Critical Care, The William Harvey Research Institute, St Bartholomew's and The Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ
- Author for correspondence:
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22
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Chu AJ. Tissue factor upregulation drives a thrombosis-inflammation circuit in relation to cardiovascular complications. Cell Biochem Funct 2006; 24:173-92. [PMID: 15617024 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.1200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The extrinsic coagulation is recognized as an 'inducible' signalling cascade resulting from tissue factor (TF) upregulation by exposure to clotting zymogen FVII upon inflammation or tissue injury. Following the substantial initiation, an array of proteolytic activation generates mediating signals (active serine proteases: FVIIa, FXa and FIIa) that lead to hypercoagulation with fibrin overproduction manifesting thrombosis. In addition, TF upregulation plays a central role in driving a thrombosis-inflammation circuit. Coagulant mediators (FVIIa, FXa and FIIa) and endproduct (fibrin) are proinflammatory, eliciting tissue necrosis factor, interleukins, adhesion molecules and many other intracellular signals in different cell types. Such resulting inflammation could ensure 'fibrin' thrombosis via feedback upregulation of TF. Alternatively, the resulting inflammation triggers platelet/leukocyte/polymononuclear cell activation thus contributing to 'cellular' thrombosis. TF is very vulnerable to upregulation resulting in hypercoagulability and subsequent thrombosis and inflammation, either of which presents cardiovascular risks. The prevention and intervention of TF hypercoagulability are of importance in cardioprotection. Blockade of inflammation reception and its intracellular signalling prevents TF expression from upregulation. Natural (activated protein C, tissue factor pathway inhibitor, or antithrombin III) or pharmacological anticoagulants readily offset the extrinsic hypercoagulation mainly through FVIIa, FXa or FIIa inhibition. Therefore, anticoagulants turn off the thrombosis-inflammation circuit, offering not only antithrombotic but anti-inflammatory significance in the prevention of cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur J Chu
- Surgery Department, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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23
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Norris LA, Weldon S, Nugent A, Roche HM. LPS induced tissue factor expression in the THP-1 monocyte cell line is attenuated by conjugated linoleic acid. Thromb Res 2006; 117:475-80. [PMID: 15869788 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2005.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2005] [Revised: 03/11/2005] [Accepted: 03/16/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucy A Norris
- Coagulation Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
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Lin P, Welch EJ, Gao XP, Malik AB, Ye RD. Lysophosphatidylcholine modulates neutrophil oxidant production through elevation of cyclic AMP. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2005; 174:2981-9. [PMID: 15728511 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.174.5.2981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) is an oxidized phospholipid present in micromolar concentrations in blood and inflamed tissues. The effects of LPC on neutrophil functions remain incompletely understood, because conflicting reports exist for its stimulatory and inhibitory roles. We report in this study that LPC inhibits superoxide generation in fMLP- and PMA-stimulated neutrophils without affecting fMLP-induced Ca(2+) mobilization and cell viability. This effect was observed with LPC dissolved in ethanol, but not with LPC stock solutions prepared in water or in BSA-containing aqueous solution with sonication. Under the same experimental conditions, platelet-activating factor primed neutrophils for superoxide generation. The inhibitory effect of LPC was observed within 30 s after its application and was maximal at LPC concentrations between 0.1 and 1 muM. Inhibition of superoxide generation was accompanied by a 2.5-fold increase in the intracellular cAMP concentration. In addition, LPC reduced fMLP-stimulated phosphorylation of ERK and Akt and membrane translocation of p67(phox) and p47(phox). The protein kinase A inhibitors H-89 and adenosine 3'5'-cyclic monophosphorothioate Rp-isomer (Rp-cAMP) partially restored superoxide production in LPC-treated neutrophils, indicating involvement of protein kinase A in LPC-mediated inhibition. Using an ex vivo mouse lung perfusion model that measures lung weight change and capillary filtration coefficient, we found that LPC prevented lung vascular injury mediated by fMLP-activated neutrophils. Taken together, these results suggest that LPC-induced elevation of intracellular cAMP is partially responsible for its inhibition of neutrophil NADPH oxidase activation. A similar mechanism of inhibition may be used for the control of neutrophil-mediated tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phoebe Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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25
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Golodne DM, Monteiro RQ, Graca-Souza AV, Silva-Neto MAC, Atella GC. Lysophosphatidylcholine acts as an anti-hemostatic molecule in the saliva of the blood-sucking bug Rhodnius prolixus. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:27766-71. [PMID: 12740385 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m212421200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood-sucking arthropods possess a variety of anti-hemostatic factors in their salivary glands to maintain blood fluidity during feeding. In this work we demonstrate the anti-hemostatic properties of lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) isolated from the salivary glands of Rhodnius prolixus. First, we examined salivary glands of fourth and fifth instar nymphs for their phospholipid composition. The lumen displayed an accumulation of its phospholipid content, mainly phosphatidylcholine and lysoPC, with a 6-fold increase for the latter. To determine the presence of phospholipids in the saliva, fourth instar nymphs were fed with a32P-enriched blood meal. After 28 days their saliva was collected and subjected to lipid extraction, thin-layer chromatography, and autoradiography. The results showed the presence in the saliva of the same phospholipids present in the lumen. We then examined possible biological roles of these phospholipids when compared with other known effects of lysoPC. The luminal lipid extract and purified lysoPC from the lumen and saliva were tested for inhibition of washed rabbit platelets' aggregation induced by alpha-thrombin and platelet-activating factor. Both the luminal lipid extract and salivary lysoPC showed an increasing inhibition of aggregation, which correlated with the response of the platelets to standard lysoPC (up to 13 microg/ml). Next, salivary lysoPC was incubated with porcine arterial endothelial cells for 24 h. After incubation, culture medium was assayed for nitric oxide and showed increased nitric oxide production, similar to control cells exposed to standard lysoPC (up to 20 microg/ml). Together these data demonstrate the presence of lysoPC in the saliva of Rhodnius prolixus and its potential anti-hemostatic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M Golodne
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Bochkov VN, Mechtcheriakova D, Lucerna M, Huber J, Malli R, Graier WF, Hofer E, Binder BR, Leitinger N. Oxidized phospholipids stimulate tissue factor expression in human endothelial cells via activation of ERK/EGR-1 and Ca(++)/NFAT. Blood 2002; 99:199-206. [PMID: 11756172 DOI: 10.1182/blood.v99.1.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of endothelial cells by lipid oxidation products is a key event in the initiation and progression of the atherosclerotic lesion. Minimally modified low-density lipoprotein (MM-LDL) induces the expression of certain inflammatory molecules such as tissue factor (TF) in endothelial cells. This study examined intracellular signaling pathways leading to TF up-regulation by oxidized 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine (OxPAPC), a biologically active component of MM-LDL. OxPAPC induced TF activity and protein expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). However, OxPAPC neither induced phosphorylation or degradation of I kappa B alpha nor DNA binding of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B). Furthermore, OxPAPC-induced TF expression was not inhibited by overexpression of I kappa B alpha. These results strongly indicate that OxPAPC-induced TF expression is independent of the classical NF-kappa B pathway. However, OxPAPC stimulated phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 and expression of early growth response factor 1 (EGR-1). Inhibitors of mitogen-activated kinase/ERK (MEK) or protein kinase C (PKC) blocked elevation of both EGR-1 and TF. Furthermore, overexpression of NAB2, a corepressor of EGR-1, inhibited effects of OxPAPC. In addition, OxPAPC induced rapid and reversible elevation of free cytosolic Ca(++) levels and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT)/DNA binding. Induction of TF expression by OxPAPC was partially inhibited by cyclosporin A, known to block calcineurin, a Ca(++)-dependent phosphatase upstream of NFAT. Treatment of OxPAPC with phospholipase A(2) destroyed its biologic activity and 1-palmitoyl-2-glutaroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine was identified as one biologically active component of OxPAPC that induces TF expression. Together, the results demonstrate that OxPAPC induces TF expression in HUVECs through activation of PKC/ERK/EGR-1 and Ca(++)/calcineurin/NFAT pathways rather than by NF-kappa B-mediated transcription. Thus, oxidized phospholipids may contribute to inflammation by activating pathways alternative to the classical NF-kappa B pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery N Bochkov
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, University of Vienna, Austria
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Hourton D, Stengel D, Chapman MJ, Ninio E. Oxidized low density lipoproteins downregulate LPS-induced platelet-activating factor receptor expression in human monocyte-derived macrophages: implications for LPS-induced nuclear factor-kappaB binding activity. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 2001; 268:4489-96. [PMID: 11502209 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2001.02372.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Monocytes/macrophages play a key role in atherogenesis due to their inflammatory properties including formation of lipid mediators such as platelet-activating-factor (PAF). We investigated the effect of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced PAF receptor (PAF-R) expression in human macrophages and the implication of the nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB in this regulation. LPS-treatment (1 microg.mL(-1)) of macrophages increased PAF binding and PAF-R mRNA expression by 56% (P < 0.05) and twofold (P < 0.01), respectively. In contrast, highly oxidized low-density lipoprotein [ox24hLDL; 100 microg.mL(-1); thiobarbituric acid reacting substances: 31 +/- 3 nmol equiv. malondialdehyde (MDA).mg protein LDL-1] diminished PAF-R expression (-69%; P < 0.05) and mRNA level (- 45%; P < 0.01). LPS pretreatment induced the activated form of p65 in the nuclear compartment of macrophages (detected by Western blotting) and NF-kappaB binding activity (by electrophoretic mobility shift assay). Treatment of macrophages with ox24hLDL suppressed the LPS-induced binding of NF-kappaB to DNA. In addition, treatment of macrophages with lysophosphatidylcholine (2 and 10 microM), a major component of oxLDL, inhibited the LPS-induced NF-kappaB binding to DNA and reduced PAF binding by 30 and 70%, respectively. In conclusion, oxLDL may downregulate PAF-R expression in human macrophages by inhibiting LPS-induced NF-kappaB binding to DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hourton
- INSERM U525 Génétique Epidémiologique Moléculaire des Pathologies Cardiovasculaires', IFR 14 'Muscle Coeur et Vaisseaux' and UFR Médecine Sud (Université Pierre et Marie Curie), Paris, France
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Cieslik K, Abrams CS, Wu KK. Up-regulation of endothelial nitric-oxide synthase promoter by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase gamma /Janus kinase 2/MEK-1-dependent pathway. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:1211-9. [PMID: 11042169 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m005305200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Our recent study indicates that lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) enhances Sp1 binding and Sp1-dependent endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) promoter activity via the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase 1 (MEK-1) signaling pathway (Cieslik, K., Lee, C.-M., Tang, J.-L., and Wu, K. K. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274, 34669-34675). To identify upstream signaling molecules, we transfected human endothelial cells with dominant negative and active mutants of Ras and evaluated their effects on eNOS promoter activity. Neither mutant altered the basal or LPC-induced eNOS promoter function. By contrast, a dominant negative mutant of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase gamma (PI-3Kgamma) blocked the promoter activity induced by LPC. Wortmannin and LY 294002 had a similar effect. AG-490, a selective inhibitor of Janus kinase 2 (Jak2), also reduced the LPC-induced Sp1 binding and eNOS promoter activity to the basal level. LPC induced Jak2 phosphorylation, which was abolished by LY 294002 and the dominant negative mutant of PI-3Kgamma. LY 294002 and AG-490 abrogated MEK-1 phosphorylation induced by LPC but had no effect on Raf-1. These results indicate that PI-3Kgamma and Jak2 are essential for LPC-induced eNOS promoter activity. This signaling pathway was sensitive to pertussis toxin, suggesting the involvement of a G(i) protein in PI-3Kgamma activation. These results indicate that LPC enhances Sp1-dependent eNOS promoter activity by a pertussis toxin-sensitive, Ras-independent novel pathway, PI-3Kgamma/Jak2/MEK-1/ERK1/2.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Cieslik
- Vascular Biology Research Center and Division of Hematology, University of Texas Medical School, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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