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Bima A, Eldakhakhny B, Nuwaylati D, Alnami A, Ajabnoor M, Elsamanoudy A. The Interplay of Vitamin D Deficiency and Cellular Senescence in The Pathogenesis of Obesity-Related Co-Morbidities. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13114127. [PMID: 34836382 PMCID: PMC8618094 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This scoping review aims to clarify the interplay between obesity, vitamin D deficiency, cellular senescence, and obesity-related metabolic consequences, mainly subclinical atherosclerosis, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Obesity is a significant global health problem that involves cellular, environmental, behavioral, and genetic elements. The fundamental cause of obesity throughout all life stages is an energy imbalance, and its consequences are countless and, foremost, very common. Obesity has been comprehensively studied in the literature given its association with low serum vitamin D, with many proposed mechanisms linking the two conditions. Moreover, markers of exaggerated cellular senescence have been proven to accumulate in obese individuals. Subclinical atherosclerosis initiates an early stage that ends in serious cardiac events, and obesity, low vitamin D, and senescent cells largely contribute to its associated chronic low-grade inflammation. Furthermore, NAFLD signifies the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, and studies have highlighted the important role of obesity, vitamin D deficiency, and cellular senescence in its development. Therefore, we outlined the most important mechanisms tying these conditions to one another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulhadi Bima
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah 21465, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.); (B.E.); (A.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Basmah Eldakhakhny
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah 21465, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.); (B.E.); (A.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Dina Nuwaylati
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abrar Alnami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah 21465, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.); (B.E.); (A.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohammed Ajabnoor
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah 21465, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.); (B.E.); (A.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Ayman Elsamanoudy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah 21465, Saudi Arabia; (A.B.); (B.E.); (A.A.); (M.A.)
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-59-506-2375
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Ding WY, Protty MB, Davies IG, Lip GYH. Relationship between lipoproteins, thrombosis and atrial fibrillation. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:716-731. [PMID: 33483737 PMCID: PMC8859639 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The prothrombotic state in atrial fibrillation (AF) occurs as a result of multifaceted interactions, known as Virchow’s triad of hypercoagulability, structural abnormalities, and blood stasis. More recently, there is emerging evidence that lipoproteins are implicated in this process, beyond their traditional role in atherosclerosis. In this review, we provide an overview of the various lipoproteins and explore the association between lipoproteins and AF, the effects of lipoproteins on haemostasis, and the potential contribution of lipoproteins to thrombogenesis in AF. There are several types of lipoproteins based on size, lipid composition, and apolipoprotein category, namely: chylomicrons, very low-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), intermediate-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein. Each of these lipoproteins may contain numerous lipid species and proteins with a variety of different functions. Furthermore, the lipoprotein particles may be oxidized causing an alteration in their structure and content. Of note, there is a paradoxical inverse relationship between total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, and incident AF. The mechanism by which this occurs may be related to the stabilizing effect of cholesterol on myocardial membranes, along with its role in inflammation. Overall, specific lipoproteins may interact with haemostatic pathways to promote excess platelet activation and thrombin generation, as well as inhibiting fibrinolysis. In this regard, LDL-C has been shown to be an independent risk factor for thromboembolic events in AF. The complex relationship between lipoproteins, thrombosis and AF warrants further research with an aim to improve our knowledge base and contribute to our overall understanding of lipoprotein-mediated thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wern Yew Ding
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Majd B Protty
- Systems Immunity University Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Ian G Davies
- Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom.,Aalborg Thrombosis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Kim K, Lim C, Kim G, Chung JH, Cho YS, Cho JH, Seo JB, Chung WY, Oh SJ, Choi JS, Kim JS, Park JJ, Suh JW, Youn TJ, Chae IH, Choi DJ. Association of Plasma Marker of Oxidized Lipid with Histologic Plaque Instability in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease. Ann Vasc Surg 2019; 66:554-565. [PMID: 31706994 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL) and plaque instability in coronary and carotid artery disease is well established. However, the association between OxLDL and the histologic changes of plaque in peripheral artery disease has not been clearly elucidated. This study aims to investigate the association between plasma OxLDL and histologic plaque instability in patients with peripheral artery disease. METHODS Prospectively obtained plaques from 48 patients who underwent endovascular atherectomy (n = 20), surgical endarterectomy (n = 9), or bypass surgery (n = 19) for treatment of atherosclerotic femoropopliteal artery disease were evaluated for histologic fibrosis, sclerosis, calcification, necrosis, cholesterol cleft, and foamy macrophages using hematoxylin and eosin, oil red O, and immunohistochemical staining. Unstable plaques were defined as plaques that were positive for foamy macrophages and with lipid content of more than 10% of the total plaque area. Plasma OxLDL levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Mercodia AB, Uppsala, Sweden). RESULTS Of the 48 patients, 26 (54%) had unstable plaques. The unstable plaque group was younger, had fewer angiographic total occlusions, less calcification, and more CD68-positive and LOX-1-positive cells than the stable plaque group. Plasma OxLDL levels were significantly higher in the unstable plaque group than in the stable plaque group (57.4 ± 13.9 vs. 47.2 ± 13.6 U/L, P = 0.014). Multivariate analysis revealed that plasma OxLDL level, smoking, angiographic nontotal occlusion, and statin nonuse were independent predictors of unstable plaque. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with peripheral artery disease, the histologic instability of femoropopliteal plaque was independently associated with high plasma OxLDL, smoking, nontotal occlusion, and statin nonuse. Further large-scale studies are necessary to evaluate the role of noninvasive OxLDL measurement for predicting plaque instability and future adverse vascular event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kichun Kim
- The Armed Forces Medical Command, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Cheong Lim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Gilhyang Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Jin-Haeng Chung
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Young-Seok Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea.
| | - Jun Hwan Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Bin Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University-Seoul Metropolitan Government Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woo-Young Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University-Seoul Metropolitan Government Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Se-Jin Oh
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Choi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun-Sung Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Jin Joo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Jung-Won Suh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Youn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - In-Ho Chae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Dong-Ju Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
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Comparative effects of high-dose atorvastatin versus rosuvastatin on lipid parameters, oxidized low-density lipoprotein, and proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin 9 in acute coronary syndrome. Coron Artery Dis 2019; 30:285-290. [PMID: 30741744 DOI: 10.1097/mca.0000000000000715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM Current guidelines recommend administration of high-dose statins in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). It has been reported that statins upregulate proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin 9 (PCSK9) mRNA expression and increase circulating PCSK9 levels. We aimed to compare the effects of high-dose atorvastatin and rosuvastatin on serum oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxidized-LDL) and PCSK9 levels in statin-naive patients with ACS. PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred and six patients with ACS were enrolled in this study. The patients were assigned randomly to receive atorvastatin (80 mg/day) or rosuvastatin (40 mg/day) by using a ratio of 1 : 1 in randomization. The levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, oxidized-LDL, and PCSK9 were compared between groups after a 4-week treatment. RESULTS Our study population included 53 patients in the atorvastatin group (age: 58.13±11.30 years, 11.32% female) and 53 patients in the rosuvastatin group (age: 59.08±12.44 years, 15.09% female). In both groups, lipid parameters, oxidized-LDL, and PCSK9 values changed significantly according to the baseline following treatment. High-dose atorvastatin and rosuvastatin induced similar decreases in LDL-cholesterol, oxidized-LDL, and triglyceride levels and similarly increased in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and PCSK9 levels (P>0.05). CONCLUSION We showed that atorvastatin and rosuvastatin treatment regimens have comparable effects on lipid parameters and PCSK9 levels in ACS patients.
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DUSP1 Is a Potential Marker of Chronic Inflammation in Arabs with Cardiovascular Diseases. DISEASE MARKERS 2019; 2018:9529621. [PMID: 30647800 PMCID: PMC6311887 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9529621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks persist in patients despite the use of conventional treatments. This might be due to chronic inflammation as reflected in epidemiological studies associating circulating low-grade inflammatory markers with CVD recurrent events. Here, we explored this potential link by assessing plasma dual-specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1) levels and comparing them to high-sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) levels and their associations to conventional CVD risk factors in confirmed CVD patients. Methods Human adults with reported CVD (n = 207) and controls (n = 70) living in Kuwait were used in this study. Anthropometric and classical biochemical parameters were determined. Plasma levels of DUSP1, oxLDL, and hsCRP were measured using human enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Results DUSP1 and hsCRP plasma levels and their least square means were higher in CVD cases, while oxLDL plasma levels were lower (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that DUSP1 and hsCRP are independently associated with CVD in the studied population, as reflected by 2-fold and 1.5-fold increased risks with increased levels of DUSP1 and hsCRP, respectively. In our study, DUSP1 levels were found to be associated with CVD despite statin treatment and diabetes status (p < 0.05), whereas hsCRP mainly correlated with obesity markers. Conclusions Circulating DUSP1 might be a predictor of chronic subclinical inflammation and residual risk in CVD patients, whereas our data suggest that the association between hsCRP and CVD is largely accounted for adiposity risk factors.
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Patel KV, Kumbhani DJ. Editorial Commentary: Oxidized LDL: The next “big thing”? Trends Cardiovasc Med 2019; 29:27-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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De Meyer T, Bekaert S, De Buyzere ML, De Bacquer DD, Langlois MR, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, Gillebert TC, Rietzschel ER, Huybrechts I. Leukocyte telomere length and diet in the apparently healthy, middle-aged Asklepios population. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6540. [PMID: 29695838 PMCID: PMC5916889 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24649-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomere length is a prognostic biomarker for aging diseases. As it is unknown whether diet plays a role in these associations, we aimed to assess the impact of diet on telomere length. Moreover, given that telomere length is modulated by oxidative stress and inflammation, an additional goal was to evaluate whether the latter may mediate possible telomere - diet associations. Southern blot measured leukocyte telomere length and food frequency questionnaire data were compared for 2509 apparently healthy men and women (~35 to 55 years) from the Asklepios population. No significant associations were found between telomere length and overall dietary characteristics, such as dietary diversity, quality, equilibrium, and the dietary inflammatory index. Exploratory analysis of individual dietary variables revealed that a higher daily intake of deep fried potato products was associated with shorter telomeres (P = 0.002, 151 bp per 100 g/day), also in both sexes separately. Deep fried potato product consumption was also significantly associated with C-reactive protein (P = 0.032) and uric acid (P = 0.042), but not other inflammation and oxidative stress markers. These results suggest an at most limited association between overall dietary patterns and telomere length in the general population. Nevertheless, the association between telomere length and deep fried potato product intake warrants additional research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim De Meyer
- Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Sofie Bekaert
- BIMETRA - Clinical Research Center Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marc L De Buyzere
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dirk D De Bacquer
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michel R Langlois
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Asklepios Core-Lab, AZ St-Jan AV Hospital, Ruddershove 10, B-8000, Bruges, Belgium
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 241, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - James R Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 241, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Thierry C Gillebert
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ernst R Rietzschel
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
- International Agency for Research on Cancer; 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon, CEDEX 08, France
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Lucatelli P, Fagnani C, Tarnoki AD, Tarnoki DL, Stazi MA, Salemi M, Cirelli C, Sacconi B, d’Adamo A, Fanelli F, Catalano C, Pucci G, Schillaci G, Baracchini C, Medda E. Femoral Artery Ultrasound Examination. Angiology 2016; 68:257-265. [DOI: 10.1177/0003319716651777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We compared intima–media thickness (IMT) and the prevalence of plaques in the common carotid artery (CCA) and common femoral artery (CFA) in apparently healthy participants. This multicenter study included 322 participants (59.9% female; age 20-78 years, mean 52.1 ± 15.3 years) who underwent Echo-color Doppler examination of the CCA and CFA bilaterally. Prevalence and composition of plaque were recorded. A significant ( P < .01) difference between mean CCA-IMT and mean CFA-IMT was detected (0.70 vs 0.73 mm). Plaque prevalence was significantly higher in the CFA compared to the CCA (40.7% vs 30.4%). Atherosclerotic plaques were found in both CFA and CCA in 46% of the cases, solely in CFA in 38%, and in CCA alone in 17%. The observed difference in plaque prevalence was even greater when only fibrolipid isolated plaques were considered (CFA 39.4% vs CCA 22.1%). In a healthy general population, atherosclerotic plaques were present in the CFA but not in the CCA in over one-third of the cases. Further studies must confirm whether ultrasonography of the CFA might be introduced in the screening protocols for cardiovascular risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierleone Lucatelli
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Anatomic Pathology, Vascular and Interventional Radiology Unit, Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Corrado Fagnani
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, National Centre of Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | - David Laszlo Tarnoki
- Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Maria Antonietta Stazi
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, National Centre of Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Miriam Salemi
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, National Centre of Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Cirelli
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Anatomic Pathology, Vascular and Interventional Radiology Unit, Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Beatrice Sacconi
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Anatomic Pathology, Vascular and Interventional Radiology Unit, Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro d’Adamo
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Division, Department of Surgery “Paride Stefanini”, Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Fanelli
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Anatomic Pathology, Vascular and Interventional Radiology Unit, Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Catalano
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Anatomic Pathology, Vascular and Interventional Radiology Unit, Policlinico Umberto I, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Pucci
- Unità di Medicina Interna, Università di Perugia, Ospedale ‘S. Maria’, Terni, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Schillaci
- Unità di Medicina Interna, Università di Perugia, Ospedale ‘S. Maria’, Terni, Italy
| | - Claudio Baracchini
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Emanuela Medda
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, National Centre of Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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Short Telomere Load, Telomere Length, and Subclinical Atherosclerosis. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016; 67:2467-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.03.530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Park JB. The Ten-Year History of the Asklepios Study: An Interview with Professor Ernst R. Rietzschel, Primary Investigator and Leader of the Asklepios Study. Pulse (Basel) 2015; 3:4-11. [PMID: 26587452 DOI: 10.1159/000382084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Asklepios study started 10 years ago when 2,500 subjects were screened between 2002 and 2004. And all of the 90+ publications we have for the moment are from those cross-sectional data. This is called round 1. Since 2011, in round 2, all of those patients have started to come back for a 10-year follow-up. At this moment, approximately 1,750 of those patients have been seen. The patients were followed by general practitioners (GP), and the GP again provided the information about what has happened with the medical status in the past 10 years including drug therapy: not only the drugs that they are taking at the moment were evaluated, but, because patients often use many drugs, the chronicles of drugs for major risk factors, for hypertension, lipids, contraceptives and more. Then, patients come to the study center where the same cluster of examinations are undertaken by one single doctor, Prof. Ernst R. Rietzschel and one study nurse, just like 10 years ago. Again, using a single observer at the two time frames has kept the methodology very strict.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Bae Park
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Cheil General Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Protogerou AD, Fransen J, Zampeli E, Argyris AA, Aissopou E, Arida A, Konstantonis GD, Tentolouris N, Makrilakis K, Psichogiou M, Daikos G, Kitas GD, Sfikakis PP. The Additive Value of Femoral Ultrasound for Subclinical Atherosclerosis Assessment in a Single Center Cohort of 962 Adults, Including High Risk Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132307. [PMID: 26230728 PMCID: PMC4521696 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Presence of femoral atheromatic plaques, an emerging cardiovascular disease (CVD) biomarker additional to carotid plaques, is poorly investigated in conditions associating with accelerated atherosclerosis such as Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). OBJECTIVE/METHODS To assess the frequency of femoral/carotid subclinical atheromatosis phenotypes in RA, HIV and T2DM and search for each disease-specific probability of either femoral and/or carotid subclinical atheromatosis, we examined by ultrasound a single-center cohort of CVD-free individuals comprised of consecutive non-diabetic patients with RA (n=226) and HIV (n=133), T2DM patients (n=109) and non-diabetic individuals with suspected/known hypertension (n=494) who served as reference group. RESULTS Subclinical atheromatosis--defined as local plaque presence in at least on arterial bed--was diagnosed in 50% of the overall population. Among them, femoral plaques only were found in 25% of either RA or HIV patients, as well as in 16% of T2DM patients and 35% of reference subjects. After adjusting for all classical CVD risk factors, RA and HIV patients had comparable probability to reference group of having femoral plaques, but higher probability (1.75; 1.17-2.63 (odds ratio; 95% confidence intervals), 2.04; 1.14-3.64, respectively) of having carotid plaques, whereas T2DM patients had higher probability to have femoral and carotid plaques, albeit, due to their pronounced dyslipidemic profile. CONCLUSION RA and HIV accelerate predominantly carotid than femoral. A "two windows" carotid/femoral, rather than carotid alone ultrasound, screening improves substantially subclinical atheromatosis detection in patients at high CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios D. Protogerou
- First Department of Propaedeutic & Internal Medicine, Laikon Hospital, Athens, Greece
- Joint Academic Rheumatology Program of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Jaap Fransen
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Evangelia Zampeli
- First Department of Propaedeutic & Internal Medicine, Laikon Hospital, Athens, Greece
- Joint Academic Rheumatology Program of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonis A. Argyris
- First Department of Propaedeutic & Internal Medicine, Laikon Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Evagelia Aissopou
- First Department of Propaedeutic & Internal Medicine, Laikon Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Arida
- First Department of Propaedeutic & Internal Medicine, Laikon Hospital, Athens, Greece
- Joint Academic Rheumatology Program of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - George D. Konstantonis
- First Department of Propaedeutic & Internal Medicine, Laikon Hospital, Athens, Greece
- Joint Academic Rheumatology Program of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikos Tentolouris
- First Department of Propaedeutic & Internal Medicine, Laikon Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Mina Psichogiou
- First Department of Propaedeutic & Internal Medicine, Laikon Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - George Daikos
- First Department of Propaedeutic & Internal Medicine, Laikon Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - George D. Kitas
- Department of Rheumatology, Dudley Group NHS Foundation Trust, Dudley, United Kingdom
- Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Petros P. Sfikakis
- First Department of Propaedeutic & Internal Medicine, Laikon Hospital, Athens, Greece
- Joint Academic Rheumatology Program of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
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Trpkovic A, Resanovic I, Stanimirovic J, Radak D, Mousa SA, Cenic-Milosevic D, Jevremovic D, Isenovic ER. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein as a biomarker of cardiovascular diseases. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2014; 52:70-85. [DOI: 10.3109/10408363.2014.992063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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13
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Gómez M, Vila J, Elosua R, Molina L, Bruguera J, Sala J, Masià R, Covas MI, Marrugat J, Fitó M. Relationship of lipid oxidation with subclinical atherosclerosis and 10-year coronary events in general population. Atherosclerosis 2013; 232:134-40. [PMID: 24401227 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Revised: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess 1) the association of lipid oxidation biomarkers with 10-year coronary artery disease (CAD) events and subclinical atherosclerosis, and 2) the reclassification capacity of these biomarkers over Framingham-derived CAD risk functions, in a general population. METHODS Within the framework of the REGICOR study, 4782 individuals aged between 25 and 74 years were recruited in a population-based cohort study. Follow-up of the 4042 who met the eligibility criteria was carried out. Plasma, circulating oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and oxLDL antibodies (OLAB) were measured in a random sample of 2793 participants. End-points included fatal and non-fatal acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and angina. Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in the highest quintile and ankle-brachial index <0.9 were considered indicators of subclinical atherosclerosis. RESULTS Mean age was 50.0 (13.4) years, and 52.4% were women. There were 103 CAD events (34 myocardial infarction, 43 angina, 26 coronary deaths), and 306 subclinical atherosclerosis cases. Oxidized LDL was independently associated with higher incidence of CAD events (HR = 1.70; 95% Confidence Interval: 1.02-2.84), but not with subclinical atherosclerosis. The net classification index of the Framingham-derived CAD risk function was significantly improved when ox-LDL was included (NRI = 14.67% [4.90; 24.45], P = 0.003). No associations were found between OLAB and clinical or subclinical events. The reference values for oxLDL and OLAB are also provided (percentiles). CONCLUSIONS OxLDL was independently associated with 10-year CAD events but not subclinical atherosclerosis in a general population, and improved the reclassification capacity of Framingham-derived CAD risk functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miquel Gómez
- Cardiology Department, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Medicine Department, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disease Programme (RICAD), IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Vila
- Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disease Programme (RICAD), IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Cardiovascular and Genetic Epidemiology Research Group (EGEC, REGICOR Study Group), IMIM, Spain; CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Roberto Elosua
- Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disease Programme (RICAD), IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Cardiovascular and Genetic Epidemiology Research Group (EGEC, REGICOR Study Group), IMIM, Spain
| | - Lluís Molina
- Cardiology Department, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Medicine Department, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disease Programme (RICAD), IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Jordi Bruguera
- Cardiology Department, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Medicine Department, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disease Programme (RICAD), IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Sala
- Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disease Programme (RICAD), IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Cardiology Department, Hospital Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Rafel Masià
- Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disease Programme (RICAD), IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Cardiology Department, Hospital Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Maria Isabel Covas
- Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disease Programme (RICAD), IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN, REGICOR Study Group), IMIM, Spain; CIBER of Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Spain
| | - Jaume Marrugat
- Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disease Programme (RICAD), IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Cardiovascular and Genetic Epidemiology Research Group (EGEC, REGICOR Study Group), IMIM, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disease Programme (RICAD), IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN, REGICOR Study Group), IMIM, Spain; CIBER of Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Spain.
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Van daele CM, De Meyer T, De Buyzere ML, Gillebert TC, Denil SLIJ, Bekaert S, Chirinos JA, Segers P, De Backer GG, De Bacquer D, Rietzschel ER. Addition of a novel, protective family history category allows better profiling of cardiovascular risk and atherosclerotic burden in the general population. The Asklepios Study. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63185. [PMID: 23658806 PMCID: PMC3642069 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Whereas the importance of family history (FH) is widely recognized in cardiovascular risk assessment, its full potential could be underutilized, when applied with its current simple guidelines-based definition (cFH): presence of premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a first-degree relative. We tested the added value of a new, extended family history definition (eFH), also taking into account later onset of disease, second-degree relatives and number of affected relatives, on profiling cardiovascular risk and atherosclerotic burden in the general population. Design longitudinal population study. Setting random, representative population sample from Erpe-Mere and Nieuwerkerken (Belgium, primary care). Subjects 2524 male/female volunteers, aged 35–55 years, free from overt CVD. Main outcome measures Subjects were extensively phenotyped including presence of atherosclerosis (ultrasound) and a newly developed FH questionnaire (4 generations). Results Compared to cFH, eFH was superior in predicting an adverse risk profile (glycemic state, elevated blood pressure, lipid abnormalities, presence of metabolic syndrome components) and presence of atherosclerosis (all age & sex-adjusted p<0.05). Unlike cFH, eFH remained a significant predictor of subclinical atherosclerosis after adjusting for confounders. Most relations with eFH were not graded but showed clear informational breakpoints, with absence of CVD (including late onset) in any first-degree relative being a negative predictor of atherosclerosis, and a particularly interesting phenotype for further study. Conclusions A novel, extended FH definition is superior to the conventional definition in profiling cardiovascular risk and atherosclerotic burden in the general population. There remain clear opportunities to refine and increase the performance and informational content of this simple, readily-available inexpensive tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline M Van daele
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
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15
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Calmarza P, Trejo JM, Lapresta C, López P. LDL Oxidation and Its Association With Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness and Other Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Sample of Spanish General Population. Angiology 2013; 65:357-62. [DOI: 10.1177/0003319713488639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We studied the association between oxidized low-density lipoproteins (OxLDLs) and early atherosclerosis, assessed by carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT), as well as with other known atherosclerosis risk factors in a sample of the general middle- and old-age population of Burgos (Spain). Circulating OxLDL showed a significant and independent association with the average cIMT of both carotid arteries but not with the absence or presence of ≥1 carotid atheroma plaques. Plasma OxLDL concentrations were associated with age, smoking, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and triglycerides, independently of other variables. Our findings in an asymptomatic sample representative of the Spanish middle- and old-age population underscore the role of OxLDL in early atherosclerosis represented by the cIMT especially in older asymptomatic individuals, but this cannot be extended to more advanced atherosclerosis, represented by carotid plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Calmarza
- Service of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - José María Trejo
- Service of Neurology, Research Unit, Complejo Asistencial, Burgos, Spain
| | - Carlos Lapresta
- Service of Preventive Medicine, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar López
- Service of Urgences, Research Unit, Complejo Asistencial, Burgos, Spain
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16
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Panayiotou AG, Griffin M, Kouis P, Tyllis T, Georgiou N, Bond D, Nicolaides AN. Association between presence of the metabolic syndrome and its components with carotid intima-media thickness and carotid and femoral plaque area: a population study. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2013; 5:44. [PMID: 23962225 PMCID: PMC3765162 DOI: 10.1186/1758-5996-5-44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to explore the association between presence and number of components of the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and subclinical atherosclerosis outcomes (common carotid intima media thickness, plaque presence and sum of plaque area) in both the carotid and femoral bifurcations. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis of 771 volunteers from the ongoing epidemiological Cyprus Study (46% male; mean age = 60.1 ± 9.8). (a) Carotid intima-media thickness (IMTcc), (b) sum of plaque area in the carotid bifurcations (sum of the largest plaques in each carotid bifurcation-SPAcar), (c) sum of plaque area in the femoral bifurcations (sum of the largest plaques in each femoral bifurcation-SPAfem) and (d) sum of plaque area in both carotid and femoral bifurcations (sum of the areas of the largest plaques present in each of the four bifurcations-SPA) were measured at baseline using ultrasound. Presence and number of components of the MetS was ascertained using the National Cholesterol Education Program ATPIII definition and their association tested using multivariable regression models. RESULTS MetS was present in 259 (33.6%) individuals and was associated with a 0.02 mm increase in IMTcc (95% CI: 0.00 to 0.04, p = 0.047) after adjustment for age, sex, family history of CVD, alcohol consumption (BU/week) and smoking (pack-years). Each additional component of the MetS was associated with a 16% higher SPA (95% CI: 6.8% to 25.2%, pfor trend = 0.001), a 10% higher SPAcar (95% CI: 5% to 24%, pfor trend = 0.003) and a 14% higher SPAfem in the adjusted model. CONCLUSIONS We confirm an association between the MetS and IMTcc as well as report for the first time an association between the MetS and its components and femoral plaque area, in a general population over 40 years of age. Having any risk factors for the MetS increases the risk for subclinical atherosclerosis, with the risk increasing with each additional component. Using the dichotomous definition of the MetS may be overlooking the risk for subclinical atherosclerosis -and by inference future cardiovascular events- associated with having less than 3 risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrie G Panayiotou
- Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health in association with Harvard School of Public Health, Cyprus University of Technology, P.O. Box: 50329, Limassol, Cyprus
- The Cyprus Cardiovascular Disease Educational and Research Trust, 2 Kyriacou Matsi, Nicosia 2368, Cyprus
| | - Maura Griffin
- Vascular Noninvasive Screening and Diagnostic Centre, 30 Weymouth street, W1G 7BS, London, UK
| | - Panayiotis Kouis
- Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health in association with Harvard School of Public Health, Cyprus University of Technology, P.O. Box: 50329, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Theodosis Tyllis
- Vascular Screening and Diagnostic Centre, 2 Kyriacou Matsi, Nicosia 2368, Cyprus
| | - Niki Georgiou
- Vascular Screening and Diagnostic Centre, 2 Kyriacou Matsi, Nicosia 2368, Cyprus
| | - Dawn Bond
- Vascular Noninvasive Screening and Diagnostic Centre, 30 Weymouth street, W1G 7BS, London, UK
| | - Andrew N Nicolaides
- The Cyprus Cardiovascular Disease Educational and Research Trust, 2 Kyriacou Matsi, Nicosia 2368, Cyprus
- Vascular Noninvasive Screening and Diagnostic Centre, 30 Weymouth street, W1G 7BS, London, UK
- Vascular Screening and Diagnostic Centre, 2 Kyriacou Matsi, Nicosia 2368, Cyprus
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Imperial College, London SW72BX, UK
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Campesi I, Sanna M, Zinellu A, Carru C, Rubattu L, Bulzomi P, Seghieri G, Tonolo G, Palermo M, Rosano G, Marino M, Franconi F. Oral contraceptives modify DNA methylation and monocyte-derived macrophage function. Biol Sex Differ 2012; 3:4. [PMID: 22284681 PMCID: PMC3298494 DOI: 10.1186/2042-6410-3-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 01/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fertile women may be encouraged to use contraception during clinical trials to avoid potential drug effects on fetuses. However, hormonal contraception interferes with pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics and modifies internal milieus. Macrophages depend on the milieu to which they are exposed. Therefore, we assessed whether macrophage function would be affected by the use of combined oral contraceptives (OCs) and if this influence depended on the androgenic or non-androgenic properties of progestin. Methods Healthy adult women were enrolled and stratified into two groups: women who did not use OCs (Fs) and women treated with OCs (FOCs). FOCs were further stratified as a function of androgenic (FOCA+) and non-androgenic (FOCA-) properties of progestins. Routine hematological, biochemical, inflammatory and endothelial dysfunction parameters were measured. Monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) were evaluated for the expression and activity of estrogen receptors and androgen receptors, and release of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) was measured from unstimulated and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated cells. Results As is already known, the use of OCs changed numerous parameters: the number of lymphocytes, iron levels, total iron-binding capacity of transferrin, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, and C-reactive protein increased, while prothrombin time and alkaline phosphatase decreased. Hormonal levels also varied: cortisol was higher in FOCs, while luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and testosterone were lower in FOCs. Asymmetric dimethylarginine, an index of endothelial function, was lower in FOC than in Fs, as were cysteine and bilirubin. The androgenic properties of progestins affected the activity of OCs: in particular, white blood cell count, hemoglobin, high-density lipoprotein and calcium were higher in FOCA- than in FOCA+, whereas percentage oxygen saturation and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase were lower in FOCA- than in FOCA+. Importantly, FOCs had a lower global DNA methylation, indicating that OC may have epigenetic effects on gene expression. OC did not modify the expression of androgen receptor but increased estrogen receptor α expression, more considerably in FOCA+, and decreased estrogen receptor β, more considerably in FOCA-. Importantly, the activation state of estrogen receptor β in FOCs was decreased, while estrogen receptor α was not active in either Fs or FOCs. Unstimulated MDMs obtained from FOCs showed higher release of TNFα in comparison with Fs. After lipopolysaccharide stimulation, the release of TNFα was significantly higher in Fs than in FOCs. Conclusions OC use induced many changes in hematological and plasmatic markers, modifying hormonal levels, endothelial function, inflammation index and some redox state parameters, producing a perturbation of the internal milieu that impacted macrophagic function. In fact, different levels of estrogen receptor expression and release of TNFα were observed in macrophages derived from OC users. Some of the above activities were linked to the androgenic properties of progestin. Even though it is not known whether these effects are reversible, the results indicate that to avoid potential skewing of results only a single type of OC should be used during a single clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Campesi
- National Laboratory of Sex-Gender Medicine of the National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Osilo, Italy.
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Takahashi R, Taguchi N, Suzuki M, Cheng XW, Numaguchi Y, Tsukamoto H, Ikeda N, Murohara T, Okumura K. Cholesterol and Triglyceride Concentrations in Lipoproteins as Related to Carotid Intima-Media Thickness. Int Heart J 2012; 53:29-34. [DOI: 10.1536/ihj.53.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xian Wu Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yasushi Numaguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kenji Okumura
- Department of Cardiology, Toki Municipal General Hospital
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Zelzer S, Fuchs N, Almer G, Raggam RB, Prüller F, Truschnig-Wilders M, Schnedl W, Horejsi R, Möller R, Weghuber D, Ille R, Mangge H. High density lipoprotein cholesterol level is a robust predictor of lipid peroxidation irrespective of gender, age, obesity, and inflammatory or metabolic biomarkers. Clin Chim Acta 2011; 412:1345-9. [PMID: 21515245 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2011.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2011] [Revised: 03/29/2011] [Accepted: 03/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity related dyslipidemia, chronic inflammation and oxidative stress were associated with atherosclerotic sequels. We analysed oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) plasma levels of 797 participants of the STyrian Juvenile OBesity (STYJOBS) / Early DEteCTion of Atherosclerosis (EDECTA) Study cohort aged from 5 to 50 years. The rationale of STYJOBS/EDECTA is to investigate the preclinical phase of obesity by a well defined cohort of young and middle aged overweight/obese and normal weight subjects. METHODS AND RESULTS Plasma oxLDL was analysed by ELISA (Mercodia, Sweden). In the overweight/obese (OW/OB) study group, oxLDL levels were significantly increased compared to normal weighted controls (p<0.001). Probands with metabolic syndrome (MS) had significantly higher oxLDL levels than probands without MS; between overweight and obese participants, and between females and males, no significant difference was seen. In a multiple stepwise regression analysis including all study subjects, age, gender, anthropometric data, presence of metabolic syndrome, systolic, diastolic blood pressure, carotis communis intima media thickness, lipids, adipokines, metabolic, and inflammatory biomarkers, decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL-cholesterol) and increased total cholesterol were the best predictors for increased oxLDL levels. CONCLUSION Decreased HDL-cholesterol is an important determinant of lipid peroxidation irrespective of obesity, age, gender, SAT distribution, and inflammatory/metabolic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sieglinde Zelzer
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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20
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Krintus M, Sypniewska G, Kuligowska-Prusinska M. Effect of second and third generation oral contraceptives on C-reactive protein, lipids and apolipoproteins in young, non-obese, non-smoking apparently healthy women. Clin Biochem 2010; 43:626-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2009.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2009] [Revised: 12/10/2009] [Accepted: 12/13/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Rosoky RMA, Wolosker N, Nasser M, Zerati AE, Gidlund M, Puech-Leão P. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein and ankle-brachial pressure index in patients with clinically evident peripheral arterial disease. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2010; 65:383-7. [PMID: 20454495 PMCID: PMC2862667 DOI: 10.1590/s1807-59322010000400006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2009] [Revised: 01/19/2010] [Accepted: 01/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate whether oxidized low-density lipoprotein is a suitable predictor of peripheral arterial disease severity. The role of oxidized low-density lipoprotein in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis has already been investigated. Its relevance as a predictor of the appearance and worsening of coronary arterial disease is also well known. However, the same is not true regarding peripheral arterial disease. METHOD Eighty-five consecutive patients with an ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) < 0.9 and the presence of either intermittent claudication or critical lower leg ischemia were included. The plasma level of IgG autoantibodies against oxidized low-density lipoprotein was evaluated through an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results were categorized into quartiles according to the ankle-brachial pressure index (a marker of peripheral arterial disease severity), and significant differences were investigated with the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS There was no significant difference between the quartiles for this population (p = 0.33). No correlation was found between the ankle-brachial pressure index and oxidized low-density lipoprotein levels in subjects with clinically evident peripheral arterial disease with a wide range of clinical manifestations. CONCLUSIONS Oxidized low-density lipoprotein is not a good predictor of peripheral arterial disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Miguel Ayzin Rosoky
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - Nelson Wolosker
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - Michel Nasser
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio Eduardo Zerati
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - Magnus Gidlund
- Department of Immunology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo/SP, Brazil. Tel.: 55 11 3071.1464,
| | - Pedro Puech-Leão
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo/SP, Brazil
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22
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De Meyer T, Rietzschel ER, De Buyzere ML, Langlois MR, De Bacquer D, Segers P, Van Damme P, De Backer GG, Van Oostveldt P, Van Criekinge W, Gillebert TC, Bekaert S. Systemic telomere length and preclinical atherosclerosis: the Asklepios Study. Eur Heart J 2009; 30:3074-81. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehp324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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23
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Leu HB, Lin WT, Lin CP, Wu TC, Lin SJ, Chen JW. Predictors of inexplicable coronary artery spasm during coronary angiography in patients with stable angina — The role of intravascular oxidative stress. Clin Biochem 2009; 42:570-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2009.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2008] [Revised: 01/01/2009] [Accepted: 01/26/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Jackson M, Wood NB, Zhao S, Augst A, Wolfe JH, Gedroyc WMW, Hughes AD, McG Thom SA, Xu XY. Low wall shear stress predicts subsequent development of wall hypertrophy in lower limb bypass grafts. Artery Res 2009; 3:32-38. [PMID: 30881518 DOI: 10.1016/j.artres.2009.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Venous grafts commonly develop myointimal hyperplasia, which can lead to stenoses and, ultimately, with expression of adhesion molecules, lumenal occlusion. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether wall shear stress measured post-operatively would predict subsequent myointimal hypertrophy in lower limb venous bypass grafts. Methods Magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound were performed in a cohort of patients following lower limb venous bypass graft surgery for peripheral arterial disease at baseline (1-2 weeks) and at follow-up (9-12 months). Wall shear stress was determined at baseline using computational fluid dynamics techniques and intima-media thickness along the length of the graft was measured by ultrasound at baseline and follow up. Results Complete follow-up was possible in eight patients, in whom low wall shear stress at baseline predicted high intima-media thickness. The relationship between wall shear stress (WSS) and intima-media thickness (IMT) was curvilinear with IMT increasing sharply at lower levels of WSS (IMT >1.0 mm at <0.3 Pa). Conclusions Low wall shear stress is associated with subsequent increase in myointimal thickness in lower limb venous bypass grafts. This is believed to be the first prospective study in humans to demonstrate the relationship between low wall shear stress and myointimal thickening and indicates a likely causative role for low wall shear stress in the development of myointimal hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Jackson
- NHLI Division, International Centre for Circulatory Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Nigel B Wood
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Shunzhi Zhao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Alexander Augst
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - John H Wolfe
- Department of Vascular Surgery, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, W2 1NY, UK
| | - Wladyslaw M W Gedroyc
- Division of Clinical Sciences, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, W2 1NY, UK
| | - Alun D Hughes
- NHLI Division, International Centre for Circulatory Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Simon A McG Thom
- NHLI Division, International Centre for Circulatory Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Xiao Y Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
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Verhoye E, Langlois MR. Circulating oxidized low-density lipoprotein: a biomarker of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk? Clin Chem Lab Med 2009; 47:128-37. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2009.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractLow-density lipoproteins (LDLs) are susceptible to structural modifications by oxidation, particularly the small dense LDL particles. The formation of lipid peroxidation derivates, such as thiobarbituric reactive substances, conjugated dienes, lipid hydroperoxides, and aldehydes, is associated with changes in apolipoprotein conformation and affects the functional properties of LDLs. Oxidized LDL (oxLDL) formation in the subendothelial space of the arterial wall is a key initiating step in atherosclerosis because it contributes to foam cell generation, endothelial dysfunction, and inflammatory processes. In the last decade, immunoassays were developed using monoclonal antibodies against oxidation-dependent epitopes of LDL which made it possible to directly measure oxLDL in the circulation. Increased circulating oxLDL concentrations have been related to cardiovascular disease in some studies, although not always independently after adjustment of classical lipid markers. The Asklepios Study, investigating 2524 healthy middle-aged subjects, showed that circulating oxLDL is affected by many biological and lifestyle factors, as well as (generalized) subclinical atherosclerosis.Clin Chem Lab Med 2009;47:128–37.
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