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Nørgård MØ, Svenningsen P. Acute Kidney Injury by Ischemia/Reperfusion and Extracellular Vesicles. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15312. [PMID: 37894994 PMCID: PMC10607034 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is often caused by ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). IRI significantly affects kidney metabolism, which elicits pro-inflammatory responses and kidney injury. The ischemia/reperfusion of the kidney is associated with transient high mitochondrial-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) production rates. Excessive mitochondrial-derived ROS damages cellular components and, together with other pathogenic mechanisms, elicits a range of acute injury mechanisms that impair kidney function. Mitochondrial-derived ROS production also stimulates epithelial cell secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing RNAs, lipids, and proteins, suggesting that EVs are involved in AKI pathogenesis. This literature review focuses on how EV secretion is stimulated during ischemia/reperfusion and how cell-specific EVs and their molecular cargo may modify the IRI process. Moreover, critical pitfalls in the analysis of kidney epithelial-derived EVs are described. In particular, we will focus on how the release of kidney epithelial EVs is affected during tissue analyses and how this may confound data on cell-to-cell signaling. By increasing awareness of methodological pitfalls in renal EV research, the risk of false negatives can be mitigated. This will improve future EV data interpretation regarding EVs contribution to AKI pathogenesis and their potential as biomarkers or treatments for AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Per Svenningsen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark;
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2
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Mabrouk M, Guessous F, Naya A, Merhi Y, Zaid Y. The Pathophysiological Role of Platelet-Derived Extracellular Vesicles. Semin Thromb Hemost 2023; 49:279-283. [PMID: 36174608 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1756705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Platelets are very abundant in the blood, where they play a role in hemostasis, inflammation, and immunity. When activated, platelets undergo a conformational change that allows the release of numerous effector molecules as well as the production of extracellular vesicles, which are circulating submicron vesicles (10 to 1,000 nm in diameter) released into the extracellular space. Extracellular vesicles are formed by the budding of platelet and they carry some of its contents, including nucleic acids, surface proteins, and organelles. While platelets cannot cross tissue barriers, platelet-derived extracellular vesicles can enter the lymph, bone marrow, and synovial fluid. This allows the transfer of diverse contents carried by these platelet-derived vesicles to cell recipients and organs inaccessible to platelets where they can perform many functions. This review highlights the importance of these platelet-derived extracellular vesicles under different physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryem Mabrouk
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Immunology and Biodiversity Laboratory, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Fadila Guessous
- Research of Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences (UM6SS), Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Abdallah Naya
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Immunology and Biodiversity Laboratory, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Yahye Merhi
- Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Montreal Heart Institute, Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Younes Zaid
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Immunology and Biodiversity Laboratory, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
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3
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Tan YY, O'Dea KP, Tsiridou DM, Pac Soo A, Koh MW, Beckett F, Takata M. Circulating Myeloid Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles as Mediators of Indirect Acute Lung Injury. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 68:140-149. [PMID: 36150169 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0207oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood-borne myeloid cells, neutrophils and monocytes, play a central role in the development of indirect acute lung injury (ALI) during sepsis and noninfectious systemic inflammatory response syndrome. By contrast, the contribution of circulating myeloid cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) to ALI is unknown, despite acute increases in their numbers during sepsis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Here, we investigated the direct role of circulating myeloid-EVs in ALI using a mouse isolated perfused lung system and a human cell coculture model of pulmonary vascular inflammation consisting of lung microvascular endothelial cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Total and immunoaffinity-isolated myeloid (CD11b+) and platelet (CD41+) EVs were prepared from the plasma of intravenous LPS-injected endotoxemic donor mice and transferred directly into recipient lungs. Two-hour perfusion of lungs with unfractionated EVs from a single donor induced pulmonary edema formation and increased perfusate concentrations of RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation end products), consistent with lung injury. These responses were abolished in the lungs of monocyte-depleted mice. The isolated myeloid- but not platelet-EVs produced a similar injury response and the acute intravascular release of proinflammatory cytokines and endothelial injury markers. In the in vitro human coculture model, human myeloid- (CD11b+) but not platelet- (CD61+) EVs isolated from LPS-stimulated whole blood induced acute proinflammatory cytokine production and endothelial activation. These findings implicate circulating myeloid-EVs as acute mediators of pulmonary vascular inflammation and edema, suggesting an alternative therapeutic target for attenuation of indirect ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ying Tan
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine, and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kieran P O'Dea
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine, and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Diianeira Maria Tsiridou
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine, and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aurelie Pac Soo
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine, and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marissa W Koh
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine, and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Florence Beckett
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine, and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Masao Takata
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine, and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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Buerck JP, Foster KM, Larson PR, O'Rear EA. Shear stimulated red blood cell microparticles: Effect on clot structure, flow and fibrinolysis. Biorheology 2023; 59:43-59. [PMID: 36970891 DOI: 10.3233/bir-220012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microparticles (MPs) have activity in thrombus promotion and generation. Erythrocyte microparticles (ErMPs) have been reported to accelerate fibrinolysis in the absence of permeation. We hypothesized that shear induced ErMPs would affect fibrin structure of clots and change flow with implications for fibrinolysis. OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of ErMPs on clot structure and fibrinolysis. METHODS Plasma with elevated ErMPs was isolated from whole blood or from washed red blood cells (RBCs) resuspended in platelet free plasma (PFP) after high shear. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) provided size distribution of ErMPs from sheared samples and unsheared PFP controls. Clots were formed by recalcification for flow/lysis experiments and examined by confocal microscopy and SEM. Flow rates through clots and time-to-lysis were recorded. A cellular automata model showed the effect of ErMPs on fibrin polymerization and clot structure. RESULTS Coverage of fibrin increased by 41% in clots formed from plasma of sheared RBCs in PFP over controls. Flow rate decreased by 46.7% under a pressure gradient of 10 mmHg/cm with reduction in time to lysis from 5.7 ± 0.7 min to 12.2 ± 1.1 min (p < 0.01). Particle size of ErMPs from sheared samples (200 nm) was comparable to endogenous microparticles. CONCLUSIONS ErMPs alter the fibrin network in a thrombus and affect hydraulic permeability resulting in decelerated delivery of fibrinolytic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P Buerck
- School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Kylie M Foster
- School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Preston R Larson
- Samuel Roberts Noble Electron Microscopy Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Edgar A O'Rear
- School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
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Harper MT. Platelet-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Arterial Thrombosis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1418:259-275. [PMID: 37603285 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-1443-2_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Blood platelets are necessary for normal haemostasis but also form life-threatening arterial thrombi when atherosclerotic plaques rupture. Activated platelets release many extracellular vesicles during thrombosis. Phosphatidylserine-exposing microparticles promote coagulation. Small exosomes released during granule secretion deliver cargoes including microRNAs to cells throughout the cardiovascular system. Here, we discuss the mechanisms by which platelets release these extracellular vesicles, together with the possibility of inhibiting this release as an antithrombotic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Harper
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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Wang C, Li L, Yang C, Zhang Z, Li X, Wang Y, Lv X, Qi X, Song G. One night of sleep deprivation induces release of small extracellular vesicles into circulation and promotes platelet activation by small EVs. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:5033-5043. [PMID: 36043452 PMCID: PMC9549501 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as key players in intercellular communication. Few studies have focused on EV levels in subjects with sleep disorders. Here, we aimed to explore the role of acute sleep deprivation on the quantity and functionality of circulating EVs, and their tissue distribution. EVs were isolated by ultracentrifugation from the plasma of volunteers and animals undergoing one night of sleep deprivation. Arterio-venous shunt, FeCl3 thrombus test and thrombin-induced platelet aggregation assay were conducted to evaluate the in vivo and in vitro bioactivity of small EVs. Western blotting was performed to measure the expression of EV proteins. The fate and distribution of circulating small EVs were determined by intravital imaging. We found that one night of sleep deprivation triggers release of small EVs into the circulation in both healthy individuals and animals. Injection of sleep deprivation-liberated small EVs into animals increased thrombus formation and weight in thrombosis models. Also, sleep deprivation-liberated small EVs promoted platelet aggregation induced by thrombin. Mechanistically, sleep deprivation increased the levels of HMGB1 protein in small EVs, which play important roles in platelet activation. Furthermore, we found sleep deprivation-liberated small EVs are more readily localize in the liver. These data suggested that one night of sleep deprivation is a stress for small EV release, and small EVs released here may increase the risk of thrombosis. Further, small EVs may be implicated in long distance signalling during sleep deprivation-mediated adaptation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyue Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Taian, China.,Taishan Vocational College of Nursing, Taian, China
| | - Lulu Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Taian, China
| | - Chao Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Taian, China
| | - Zhaoqiang Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Taian, China
| | - Xiao Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Taian, China
| | - Yun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Taian, China
| | - Xiang Lv
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Taian, China
| | - Xufeng Qi
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Department of Developmental & Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guohua Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Taian, China
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Monfoulet LE, Martinez MC. Dietary modulation of large extracellular vesicles: the good and the bad for human health. Nutr Rev 2021; 80:1274-1293. [PMID: 34875084 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuab106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) encompassing nanovesicles derived from the endosome system and generated by plasmatic membrane shedding are of increasing interest in view of their ability to sustain cell-to-cell communication and the possibility that they could be used as surrogate biomarkers of healthy and unhealthy trajectories. Nutritional strategies have been developed to preserve health, and the impact of these strategies on circulating EVs is arousing growing interest. Data available from published studies are now sufficient for a first integration to better understand the role of EVs in the relationship between diet and health. Thus, this review focuses on human intervention studies investigating the impact of diet or its components on circulating EVs. Because of analytical bias, only large EVs have been assessed so far. The analysis highlights that poor-quality diets with elevated fat and sugar content increase levels of circulating large EVs, and these can be partly counteracted by healthy food or some food micronutrients and bioactive compounds. However, knowledge of the content and the biological functions of these diet-induced EVs is still missing. It is important to address these aspects in new research in order to state if EVs are mediators of the effects of diet on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent-Emmanuel Monfoulet
- L.-E. Monfoulet is with the Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, Human Nutrition Unit, Clermont-Ferrand, France M.C. Martinez is with the oxidative stress and metabolic pathologies laboratory (SOPAM), U1063, INSERM, Université Angers, Angers, France
| | - Maria Carmen Martinez
- L.-E. Monfoulet is with the Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, Human Nutrition Unit, Clermont-Ferrand, France M.C. Martinez is with the oxidative stress and metabolic pathologies laboratory (SOPAM), U1063, INSERM, Université Angers, Angers, France
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Antiplatelet Therapy with Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Use in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: A Review of Clinical Applications and Mechanisms. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:7409094. [PMID: 34335837 PMCID: PMC8318772 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7409094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is common in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) after PCI treatment, which seriously affects the efficacy of revascularization and hinders the postoperative recovery of patients; therefore, the current study is focused on determining effective methods in the treatment of MIRI. Antiplatelet therapy is a routine treatment for ACS, and its benefits for treating MIRI have been previously verified. With the development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), many TCM preparations are widely used in the clinic. Many basic and clinical studies have shown that TCM can be used together with antiplatelet drugs, and the safety and efficacy when TCM is included in the treatment are better than when antiplatelet drugs are used alone. This paper summarizes the current research progress of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine in the treatment of MIRI to provide a theoretical basis for further research and clinical treatment.
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Pasqualini L, Bagaglia F, Ministrini S, Frangione MR, Leli C, Siepi D, Lombardini R, Marini E, Naeimi Kararoudi M, Piratinskiy A, Pirro M. Effects of structured home-based exercise training on circulating endothelial progenitor cells and endothelial function in patients with intermittent claudication. Vasc Med 2021; 26:633-640. [PMID: 34151646 DOI: 10.1177/1358863x211020822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Exercise training improves walking capacity in patients with intermittent claudication (IC). Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), endothelial microparticles (EMPs), and endothelial dysfunction could play a role in this process. METHODS We measured EPCs and EMPs in a group of 60 patients with IC, and in a control group of 20 individuals without IC, before a treadmill test and 2, 24, and 48 hours after the test. Thirty patients with IC were randomly assigned to perform a 12-week home-based exercise training program. The EPC count, flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery, pain-free walking time (PFWT), and maximum walking time (MWT) were measured at the baseline and after the exercise training program. RESULTS In patients with IC, EMPs significantly increased 2 hours after the treadmill test, whereas EPCs significantly increased after 24 hours. Among the subjects assigned to complete the training program, we observed a significant increase in the number of EPCs after 12 weeks, as well as an improvement in FMD, PFWT, and MWT. A significant correlation between the variation of EPCs, FMD, and MWT was found. The increase of EPCs and FMD were independent determinants of the walking capacity improvement, without significant interaction. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that EPCs mobilization contributes to the improvement of walking capacity in patients with IC undergoing structured physical training. A number of different, partly independent, mechanisms are involved in this process, and our results highlight the potential role of EMPs release and endothelial function improvement. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04302571.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonella Pasqualini
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Atherosclerosis, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesco Bagaglia
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Atherosclerosis, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Stefano Ministrini
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Atherosclerosis, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Frangione
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Atherosclerosis, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Christian Leli
- Microbiology Laboratory, Azienda Ospedaliera 'Santi Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo', Alessandria, Italy
| | - Donatella Siepi
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Atherosclerosis, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Rita Lombardini
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Atherosclerosis, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Ettore Marini
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Atherosclerosis, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | | | - Matteo Pirro
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Atherosclerosis, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Jan Z, Drab M, Drobne D, Bedina Zavec A, Benčina M, Drasler B, Hočevar M, Krek JL, Pađen L, Pajnič M, Repar N, Šimunič B, Štukelj R, Kralj-Iglič V. Decrease in Cellular Nanovesicles Concentration in Blood of Athletes More Than 15 Hours After Marathon. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:443-456. [PMID: 33505159 PMCID: PMC7829122 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s282200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cellular nanovesicles (CNVs), that are shed from cells, have been recognized as promising indicators of health status. We analyzed the effect of long-distance running on concentration of CNVs, along with some standard blood parameters, in 27 athletes two days before and >15 hours after physical effort. Methods CNVs were isolated by repetitive centrifugation and washing of samples, and assessed by flow cytometry. Cholinesterase (ChE) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity were measured spectrophotometrically. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured with immunoturbidimetric determination and lipidogram parameters were measured by enzymatic colorimetric assay. Flow cytometry was used for blood cell count and mean platelet volume (MPV) measurement. Results More than 15 hours after physical effort a decrease was found in CNVs' concentration in isolates from blood (46%; p<0.05), in ChE activity in whole blood (47%; p<0.001), in plasma (34%; p<0.01), and in erythrocyte suspension (54%; p<0.001), as well as in GST activity in erythrocyte suspension (16%; p<0.01) and in IL-6 concentration in plasma (63%; p<0.05). We found no change in GST activity in plasma and in TNF-α concentration in plasma. Correlations (>0.8; p<0.001) between CNVs' concentration and ChE activity, and GST activity, respectively, in erythrocyte suspension were found. Conclusion We found that >15 hours post-physical effort, CNVs' concentration was below the initial value, concomitant with other measured parameters: ChE and GST activity as well as IL-6 concentration, indicating a favorable effect of physical effort on health status. CNVs' concentration and ChE activity in isolates from peripheral blood proved to have potential as indicators of the response of the human body to inflammation after physical effort. Physical activity should be considered as an important factor in preparation of subjects for blood sampling in procedures focusing on CNV-containing diagnostic and therapeutic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zala Jan
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mitja Drab
- Laboratory of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damjana Drobne
- Nanobiology and Nanotoxicology Group, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Apolonija Bedina Zavec
- Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mojca Benčina
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Barbara Drasler
- Nanobiology and Nanotoxicology Group, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matej Hočevar
- Physics and Chemistry of Materials, Laboratory of Surface Engineering and Applied Surface Science, The Institute of Metals and Technology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Judita Lea Krek
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ljubiša Pađen
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Manca Pajnič
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Neža Repar
- Nanobiology and Nanotoxicology Group, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Boštjan Šimunič
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Roman Štukelj
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Veronika Kralj-Iglič
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Dekker M, Waissi F, Timmerman N, Silvis MJM, Timmers L, de Kleijn DPV. Extracellular Vesicles in Diagnosing Chronic Coronary Syndromes the Bumpy Road to Clinical Implementation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239128. [PMID: 33266227 PMCID: PMC7729611 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD), comprising both acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and chronic coronary syndromes (CCS), remains one of the most important killers throughout the entire world. ACS is often quickly diagnosed by either deviation on an electrocardiogram or elevated levels of troponin, but CCS appears to be more complicated. The most used noninvasive strategies to diagnose CCS are coronary computed tomography and perfusion imaging. Although both show reasonable accuracy (80–90%), these modalities are becoming more and more subject of debate due to costs, radiation and increasing inappropriate use in low-risk patients. A reliable, blood-based biomarker is not available for CCS but would be of great clinical importance. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid-bilayer membrane vesicles containing bioactive contents e.g., proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. EVs are often referred to as the “liquid biopsy” since their contents reflect changes in the condition of the cell they originate from. Although EVs are studied extensively for their role as biomarkers in the cardiovascular field during the last decade, they are still not incorporated into clinical practice in this field. This review provides an overview on EV biomarkers in CCS and discusses the clinical and technological aspects important for successful clinical application of EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirthe Dekker
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.D.); (F.W.); (N.T.)
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Mijbergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Farahnaz Waissi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.D.); (F.W.); (N.T.)
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Mijbergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nathalie Timmerman
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.D.); (F.W.); (N.T.)
| | - Max J. M. Silvis
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Leo Timmers
- Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital Nieuwegein, 3435 CM Nieuwegein, The Netherlands;
| | - Dominique P. V. de Kleijn
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (M.D.); (F.W.); (N.T.)
- Netherlands Heart Institute, 3511 EP Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-887550347
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12
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Ziegler M, Wang X, Peter K. Platelets in cardiac ischaemia/reperfusion injury: a promising therapeutic target. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 115:1178-1188. [PMID: 30906948 PMCID: PMC6529900 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the single leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. A key component of AMI therapy is the timely reopening of occluded vessels to prevent further ischaemic damage to the myocardium. However, reperfusion of the ischaemic myocardium can itself trigger reperfusion injury causing up to 50% of the overall infarct size. In recent years, considerable research has been devoted to understanding the pathogenesis of ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and platelets have emerged as a major contributing factor. This review summarizes the role of platelets in the pathogenesis of I/R injury and highlights the potential of platelet-directed therapeutics to minimize cardiac I/R injury. Activated platelets infiltrate specifically into the ischaemic/reperfused myocardium and contribute to I/R injury by the formation of microthrombi, enhanced platelet–leucocyte aggregation, and the release of potent vasoconstrictor and pro-inflammatory molecules. This review demonstrates the benefits of platelet inhibition beyond their well-described anti-thrombotic effect and highlights the direct cardioprotective role of anti-platelet drugs. In particular, the inhibition of COX, the P2Y12 receptor and the GPIIb/IIIa receptor has demonstrated the potential to attenuate I/R injury. Moreover, targeting of drug candidates or regenerative cells to the activated platelets accumulated within the ischaemic/reperfused myocardium shows remarkable potential to protect the myocardium from I/R injury. Overall, activated platelets play a key role in the pathogenesis of I/R injury. Their direct inhibition as well as their use as epitopes for site-directed therapy is a unique and promising therapeutic approach for the prevention of I/R injury and ultimately the preservation of cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Ziegler
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Commercial Road 75, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Commercial Road 75, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Karlheinz Peter
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Commercial Road 75, Melbourne, Australia
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13
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Kränkel N, Strässler E, Uhlemann M, Müller M, Briand-Schumacher S, Klingenberg R, Schulze PC, Adams V, Schuler G, Lüscher TF, Möbius-Winkler S, Landmesser U. Extracellular vesicle species differentially affect endothelial cell functions and differentially respond to exercise training in patients with chronic coronary syndromes. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2020; 28:1467-1474. [PMID: 32380860 DOI: 10.1177/2047487320919894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles are released upon cellular activation and mediate inter-cellular communication. Individual species of extracellular vesicles might have divergent roles in vascular homeostasis and may show different responses to therapies such as exercise training. AIMS We examine endothelial effects of medium-size and small extracellular vesicles from the same individual with or without chronic coronary syndrome, and in chronic coronary syndrome patients participating in a four-week high-intensity interval training intervention. METHODS Human aortic endothelial cells were exposed to medium-size extracellular vesicles and small extracellular vesicles isolated from plasma samples of study participants. Endothelial cell survival, activation and re-endothelialisation capacity were assessed by respective staining protocols. Extracellular vesicles were quantified by nanoparticle tracking analysis and flow cytometry. Extracellular vesicle microRNA expression was quantified by realtime-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS In patients with chronic coronary syndrome (n = 25), plasma counts of leukocyte-derived medium-size extracellular vesicles were higher than in age-matched healthy controls (n = 25; p = 0.04) and were reduced by high-intensity interval training (n = 15; p = 0.01 vs baseline). Re-endothelialisation capacity was promoted by medium-size extracellular vesicles from controls, but not by medium-size extracellular vesicles from chronic coronary syndrome patients. High-intensity interval training for 4 weeks enhanced medium-size extracellular vesicle-mediated support of in vitro re-endothelialisation. Small extracellular vesicles from controls or chronic coronary syndrome patients increased endothelial cell death and reduced repair functions and were not affected by high-intensity interval training. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrates that medium-size extracellular vesicles and small extracellular vesicles differentially affect endothelial cell survival and repair responses. This equilibrium is unbalanced in patients with chronic coronary syndrome where leukocyte-derived medium-size extracellular vesicles are increased leading to a loss of medium-size extracellular vesicle-mediated endothelial repair. High-intensity interval training partially restored medium-size extracellular vesicle-mediated endothelial repair, underlining its use in cardiovascular prevention and therapy to improve endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolle Kränkel
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Germany.,Center of Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth Strässler
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Germany.,Center of Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Maja Müller
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Volker Adams
- Heart Center, University of Leipzig, Germany.,Heart Center Dresden, TU Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center of Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.,Heart Division, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, UK
| | - Sven Möbius-Winkler
- Heart Center, University of Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Jena, Germany
| | - Ulf Landmesser
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Germany.,Center of Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
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14
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Noulsri E. Quantitation of Cell-Derived Microparticles in Blood Products and Its Potential Applications in Transfusion Laboratories. Lab Med 2020; 51:452-459. [DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmz100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Cell-derived microparticles (MPs) are small fragments released from various cells when they are activated or undergo apoptosis. In the field of transfusion medicine, a number of studies have documented increased levels of MPs in blood products, which have been associated with multiple factors, including donor variability, blood component processing, and storage. In addition, transfusions that contain high levels of MPs are linked to posttransfusion complications. Considering the clinical importance of MP levels, transfusion laboratories should routinely screen blood products for them. However, this practice is not yet applied routinely, perhaps in part because of a lack of understanding of how to apply MP data to transfusion medicine. We describe the methods used to quantitate MPs in blood components and discuss the application of these quantitative data in routine transfusion laboratories in order to manage quality, improve the outcomes of transfusions, and minimize their complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egarit Noulsri
- Research Division, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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15
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Lv Y, Tan J, Miao Y, Zhang Q. The role of microvesicles and its active molecules in regulating cellular biology. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:7894-7904. [PMID: 31559684 PMCID: PMC6850934 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell‐derived microvesicles are membrane vesicles produced by the outward budding of the plasma membrane and released by almost all types of cells. These have been considered as another mechanism of intercellular communication, because they carry active molecules, such as proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. Furthermore, these are present in circulating fluids, such as blood and urine, and are closely correlated to the progression of pathophysiological conditions in many diseases. Recent studies have revealed that microvesicles have a dual effect of damage and protection of receptor cells. However, the nature of the active molecules involved in this effect remains unclear. The present study mainly emphasized the mechanism of microvesicles and the active molecules mediating the different biological effects of receptor cells by affecting autophagy, apoptosis and inflammation pathways. The effective ways of blocking microvesicles and its active molecules in mediating cell damage when microvesicles exert harmful effects were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- YingMei Lv
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jin Tan
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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16
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Lundwall K, Mörtberg J, Mobarrez F, Jacobson SH, Jörneskog G, Spaak J. Changes in microparticle profiles by vitamin D receptor activation in chronic kidney disease - a randomized trial. BMC Nephrol 2019; 20:290. [PMID: 31370809 PMCID: PMC6670162 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-019-1445-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Microparticles (MPs) are biomarkers and mediators of disease through their expression of surface receptors, reflecting activation or stress in their parent cells. Endothelial markers, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, are implicated in atherosclerosis and associated with cardiovascular risk. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients have endothelial dysfunction and high levels of endothelial derived MPs. Vitamin D treatment has been reported to ameliorate endothelial function in CKD patients. We aimed to examine cell specific MP profiles and concentrations of MPs expressing the atherosclerotic markers ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 after treatment with paricalcitol in patients with CKD stage 3–4. Methods Sub-study of the previously reported SOLID trial where 36 patients were randomly assigned to placebo, 1 or 2 μg paricalcitol, for 12 weeks. MPs were measured by flow cytometry after labelling with antibodies against endothelial (CD62E), platelet (CD62P, CD41, CD154) leukocyte (CD45) and vascular (CD54, CD106) markers. Results Patients had a mean age of 65 years with a mean eGFR of 40 mL/min/1.73m2. Concentrations of ICAM-1 positive MPs were significantly reduced by treatment (repeated measures ANOVA p = 0.04). Repeated measures MANOVA of concentrations of endothelial, platelet and leukocyte MPs showed sustained levels in the 2 μg treatment group (p = 0.85) but a decline in the 1 μg (p = 0.04) and placebo groups (p = 0.005). Conclusions Treatment with paricalcitol reduces concentrations of ICAM-1 positive MPs. This is accompanied by sustained concentrations of all cell specific MPs in the 2 μg group, and decreasing concentrations in the other groups, possibly due to a more healthy and reactive endothelium with paricalcitol treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Lundwall
- Department of Cardiology, Danderyd University Hospital, 182 88, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Josefin Mörtberg
- Department of Nephrology, Danderyd University Hospital, 182 88, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fariborz Mobarrez
- Department of Medicine, Danderyd University Hospital, 182 88, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefan H Jacobson
- Department of Nephrology, Danderyd University Hospital, 182 88, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gun Jörneskog
- Department of Medicine, Danderyd University Hospital, 182 88, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Spaak
- Department of Cardiology, Danderyd University Hospital, 182 88, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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17
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Lee JH, Dindorf J, Eberhardt M, Lai X, Ostalecki C, Koliha N, Gross S, Blume K, Bruns H, Wild S, Schuler G, Vera J, Baur AS. Innate extracellular vesicles from melanoma patients suppress β-catenin in tumor cells by miRNA-34a. Life Sci Alliance 2019; 2:2/2/e201800205. [PMID: 30846484 PMCID: PMC6406044 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201800205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon tumor development, new extracellular vesicles appear in circulation. Our knowledge of their relative abundance, function, and overall impact on cancer development is still preliminary. Here, we demonstrate that plasma extracellular vesicles (pEVs) of non-tumor origin are persistently increased in untreated and post-excision melanoma patients, exhibiting strong suppressive effects on the proliferation of tumor cells. Plasma vesicle numbers, miRNAs, and protein levels were elevated two- to tenfold and detected many years after tumor resection. The vesicles revealed individual and clinical stage-specific miRNA profiles as well as active ADAM10. However, whereas pEV from patients preventing tumor relapse down-regulated β-catenin and blocked tumor cell proliferation in an miR-34a-dependent manner, pEV from metastatic patients lost this ability and stimulated β-catenin-mediated transcription. Cancer-induced pEV may constitute an innate immune mechanism suppressing tumor cell activity including that of residual cancer cells present after primary surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hyun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jochen Dindorf
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Eberhardt
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Xin Lai
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Nina Koliha
- Miltenyi Biotech GmbH, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | - Stefani Gross
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Katja Blume
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Heiko Bruns
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Haematology and Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Wild
- Miltenyi Biotech GmbH, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | - Gerold Schuler
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julio Vera
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas S Baur
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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18
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Exosomes and microvesicles in normal physiology, pathophysiology, and renal diseases. Pediatr Nephrol 2019; 34:11-30. [PMID: 29181712 PMCID: PMC6244861 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-017-3816-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles are cell-derived membrane particles ranging from 30 to 5,000 nm in size, including exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies. They are released under physiological conditions, but also upon cellular activation, senescence, and apoptosis. They play an important role in intercellular communication. Their release may also maintain cellular integrity by ridding the cell of damaging substances. This review describes the biogenesis, uptake, and detection of extracellular vesicles in addition to the impact that they have on recipient cells, focusing on mechanisms important in the pathophysiology of kidney diseases, such as thrombosis, angiogenesis, tissue regeneration, immune modulation, and inflammation. In kidney diseases, extracellular vesicles may be utilized as biomarkers, as they are detected in both blood and urine. Furthermore, they may contribute to the pathophysiology of renal disease while also having beneficial effects associated with tissue repair. Because of their role in the promotion of thrombosis, inflammation, and immune-mediated disease, they could be the target of drug therapy, whereas their favorable effects could be utilized therapeutically in acute and chronic kidney injury.
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19
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McVey MJ, Kuebler WM. Extracellular vesicles: biomarkers and regulators of vascular function during extracorporeal circulation. Oncotarget 2018; 9:37229-37251. [PMID: 30647856 PMCID: PMC6324688 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are generated at increased rates from parenchymal and circulating blood cells during exposure of the circulation to abnormal flow conditions and foreign materials associated with extracorporeal circuits (ExCors). This review describes types of EVs produced in different ExCors and extracorporeal life support (ECLS) systems including cardiopulmonary bypass circuits, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO2R), apheresis, dialysis and ventricular assist devices. Roles of EVs not only as biomarkers of adverse events during ExCor/ECLS use, but also as mediators of vascular dysfunction are explored. Manipulation of the number or subtypes of circulating EVs may prove a means of improving vascular function for individuals requiring ExCor/ECLS support. Strategies for therapeutic manipulation of EVs during ExCor/ECLS use are discussed such as accelerating their clearance, preventing their genesis or pharmacologic options to reduce or select which and how many EVs circulate. Strategies to reduce or select for specific types of EVs may prove beneficial in preventing or treating other EV-related diseases such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J McVey
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Anesthesia, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, SickKids, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Wolfgang M Kuebler
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Heart Institute, Berlin, Germany
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20
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Wilhelm EN, Mourot L, Rakobowchuk M. Exercise-Derived Microvesicles: A Review of the Literature. Sports Med 2018; 48:2025-2039. [PMID: 29868992 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-018-0943-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Initially suggested as simple cell debris, cell-derived microvesicles (MVs) have now gained acceptance as recognized players in cellular communication and physiology. Shed by most, and perhaps all, human cells, these tiny lipid-membrane vesicles carry bioactive agents, such as proteins, lipids and microRNA from their cell source, and are produced under orchestrated events in response to a myriad of stimuli. Physical exercise introduces systemic physiological challenges capable of acutely disrupting cell homeostasis and stimulating the release of MVs into the circulation. The novel and promising field of exercise-derived MVs is expanding quickly, and the following work provides a review of the influence of exercise on circulating MVs, considering both acute and chronic aspects of exercise and training. Potential effects of the MV response to exercise are highlighted and future directions suggested as exercise and sports sciences extend the realm of extracellular vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eurico N Wilhelm
- School of Physical Education, UFPel, Rua Luís de Camões, 625, Três Vendas, Pelotas, RS, 96055-630, Brazil.
| | - Laurent Mourot
- EA3920 Prognostic Factors and Regulatory Factors of Cardiac and Vascular Pathologies, (Exercise Performance Health Innovation-EPHI), University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000, Besançon, France.,Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Mark Rakobowchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, BC, Canada
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21
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WANG WENTING, LI ZIJIAN, FENG JUAN. The potential role of exosomes in the diagnosis and therapy of ischemic diseases. Cytotherapy 2018; 20:1204-1219. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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22
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Cesselli D, Parisse P, Aleksova A, Veneziano C, Cervellin C, Zanello A, Beltrami AP. Extracellular Vesicles: How Drug and Pathology Interfere With Their Biogenesis and Function. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1394. [PMID: 30327618 PMCID: PMC6174233 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EV) are at the center of an intense activity of investigation, both for their possible employment as biomarkers of ongoing pathologic processes and for their broad range of biological activities. EV can promote tissue repair in very different pathologic settings, including hindlimb and myocardial ischemia. Importantly, the exact mode of action of EV is still partly understood, since they may act by modulating growth factors and cytokines, signaling pathways, and by transferring non-coding RNAs to target cells. However, the term EV identifies cell derived, enveloped particles very heterogeneous in size, composition, and biogenesis. Therefore, part of the controversies on the biological effects exerted by EV is a consequence of differences in methods of separation that result in the enrichment of different entities. Since technical challenges still hamper the highly specific sorting of different EV subpopulations, up to now only few investigators have tried to verify differences in the biological effects of specific EV subtypes. This review summarizes the current state of the art on the comprehension of mechanisms involved in EV biogenesis and release, which is a prerequisite for understanding and investigating the impact that pathology and drug therapy may exert on the secretion and composition of EV. Finally, we described both the mechanism involved in the modulation of EV secretion by drugs commonly used in patients affected by heart failure, and how pathophysiological mechanisms involved in heart disease modify EV secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aneta Aleksova
- Cardiovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste - University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | | | | - Andrea Zanello
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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23
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Alsharqi M, Upton R, Mumith A, Leeson P. Artificial intelligence: a new clinical support tool for stress echocardiography. Expert Rev Med Devices 2018; 15:513-515. [PMID: 29992841 DOI: 10.1080/17434440.2018.1497482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Alsharqi
- a Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine , University of Oxford , Oxford , UK
| | | | | | - Paul Leeson
- a Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine , University of Oxford , Oxford , UK
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24
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Wilhelm EN, González-Alonso J, Chiesa ST, Trangmar SJ, Kalsi KK, Rakobowchuk M. Whole-body heat stress and exercise stimulate the appearance of platelet microvesicles in plasma with limited influence of vascular shear stress. Physiol Rep 2018; 5:5/21/e13496. [PMID: 29122961 PMCID: PMC5688785 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Intense, large muscle mass exercise increases circulating microvesicles, but our understanding of microvesicle dynamics and mechanisms inducing their release remains limited. However, increased vascular shear stress is generally thought to be involved. Here, we manipulated exercise‐independent and exercise‐dependent shear stress using systemic heat stress with localized single‐leg cooling (low shear) followed by single‐leg knee extensor exercise with the cooled or heated leg (Study 1, n = 8) and whole‐body passive heat stress followed by cycling (Study 2, n = 8). We quantified femoral artery shear rates (SRs) and arterial and venous platelet microvesicles (PMV–CD41+) and endothelial microvesicles (EMV–CD62E+). In Study 1, mild passive heat stress while one leg remained cooled did not affect [microvesicle] (P ≥ 0.05). Single‐leg knee extensor exercise increased active leg SRs by ~12‐fold and increased arterial and venous [PMVs] by two‐ to threefold, even in the nonexercising contralateral leg (P < 0.05). In Study 2, moderate whole‐body passive heat stress increased arterial [PMV] compared with baseline (mean±SE, from 19.9 ± 1.5 to 35.5 ± 5.4 PMV.μL−1.103, P < 0.05), and cycling with heat stress increased [PMV] further in the venous circulation (from 27.5 ± 2.2 at baseline to 57.5 ± 7.2 PMV.μL−1.103 during cycling with heat stress, P < 0.05), with a tendency for increased appearance of PMV across exercising limbs. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that whole‐body heat stress may increase arterial [PMV], and intense exercise engaging either large or small muscle mass promote PMV formation locally and systemically, with no influence upon [EMV]. Local shear stress, however, does not appear to be the major stimulus modulating PMV formation in healthy humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eurico N Wilhelm
- Centre for Human Performance, Exercise, and Rehabilitation, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - José González-Alonso
- Centre for Human Performance, Exercise, and Rehabilitation, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom.,Division of Sport, Health and Exercise Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Scott T Chiesa
- Centre for Human Performance, Exercise, and Rehabilitation, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Steven J Trangmar
- Centre for Human Performance, Exercise, and Rehabilitation, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kameljit K Kalsi
- Centre for Human Performance, Exercise, and Rehabilitation, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Rakobowchuk
- Centre for Human Performance, Exercise, and Rehabilitation, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom .,Faculty of Science, Department of Biological Sciences, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada
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25
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Vítková V, Živný J, Janota J. Endothelial cell-derived microvesicles: potential mediators and biomarkers of pathologic processes. Biomark Med 2018; 12:161-175. [PMID: 29327597 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2017-0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the formation, composition and function of endothelial microvesicles (MV), often called microparticles (MP). MV release is a controlled event and is considered a hallmark of cellular activation or alteration. MV may affect the function of target cells through surface interaction and receptor activation, cellular fusion and the delivery of intravesicular cargo. Endothelial MV are released as a consequence of endothelial activation during inflammation and have been described to affect hemostasis, various aspects of inflammatory reaction, vessel formation, apoptosis and cell survival, endothelial cell differentiation and function. Recent data suggest the potential use of MV in diagnostics, assessment of severity and prediction of outcomes in inflammatory diseases and their utilization as targets, mediators and vectors in therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Vítková
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathological Physiology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Thomayer Department of Neonatology, Thomayer Hospital Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Živný
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathological Physiology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Janota
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathological Physiology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Thomayer Department of Neonatology, Thomayer Hospital Prague, Czech Republic
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Lu CC, Ma KL, Ruan XZ, Liu BC. The Emerging Roles of Microparticles in Diabetic Nephropathy. Int J Biol Sci 2017; 13:1118-1125. [PMID: 29104503 PMCID: PMC5666327 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.21140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Microparticles (MPs) are a type of extracellular vesicles (EVs) shed from the outward budding of plasma membranes during cell apoptosis and/or activation. These microsized particles then release specific contents (e.g., lipids, proteins, microRNAs) which are active participants in a wide range of both physiological and pathological processes at the molecular level, e.g., coagulation and angiogenesis, inflammation, immune responses. Research limitations, such as confusing nomenclature and overlapping classification, have impeded our comprehension of these tiny molecules. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is currently the greatest contributor to end-stage renal diseases (ESRD) worldwide, and its public health impact will continue to grow due to the persistent increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM). MPs have recently been considered as potentially involved in DN onset and progression, and this review juxtaposes some of the research updates about the possible mechanisms from several relevant aspects and insights into the therapeutic perspectives of MPs in clinical management and pharmacological treatment of DN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen Lu
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kun Ling Ma
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiong Zhong Ruan
- Centre for Nephrology, University College London (UCL) Medical School, Royal Free Campus, UK
| | - Bi Cheng Liu
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
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Leeson P. Predicting the future with echocardiography: Looking outside the heart? Eur J Prev Cardiol 2017; 24:1515-1516. [DOI: 10.1177/2047487317722435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Leeson
- University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
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Jansen F, Nickenig G, Werner N. Extracellular Vesicles in Cardiovascular Disease: Potential Applications in Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Epidemiology. Circ Res 2017; 120:1649-1657. [PMID: 28495995 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.310752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles originate from diverse subcellular compartments and are released in the extracellular space. By transferring their cargoes into target cells and tissues, they now emerge as novel regulators of intercellular communication between adjacent and remote cells. Because vesicle composition and biological content are specific signatures of cellular activation and injury, their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers has raised significant interest in cardiovascular diseases. Characterization of circulating vesicles- or nonvesicles-bound nucleic acids represents a valuable tool for diagnosing and monitoring cardiovascular diseases, recently referred to as a liquid biopsy. Circulating extracellular vesicles offer a noninvasive and almost continuous access to circulating information on the disease state in epidemiological investigations. Finally, genetic engineering and cell-specific application of extracellular vesicles could display a novel therapeutic option for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about extracellular vesicles as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as their potential applications for longitudinal epidemiological studies in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Jansen
- From the Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Georg Nickenig
- From the Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nikos Werner
- From the Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University, Bonn, Germany.
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Wang Y, Wei S, Wang YL, Liu M, Shang M, Zhang Q, Wu YN, Liu ML, Song JQ, Liu YX. Protective effects of circulating microvesicles derived from myocardial ischemic rats on apoptosis of cardiomyocytes in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Oncotarget 2017; 8:54572-54582. [PMID: 28903365 PMCID: PMC5589604 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effects of circulating microvesicles derived from myocardial ischemia (I-MVs) on apoptosis in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Methods I-MVs from rats undergoing myocardial left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery ligation were isolated by ultracentrifugation from circulating blood and characterized by flow cytometry. I-MVs were administered intravenously (4.8 mg/kg) at 5 min before reperfusion procedure in I/R injury model which was induced by 30-min of ischemia and 120-min of reperfusion of LAD in rats. Results Treatment with I-MVssignificantly reduced the size of myocardial infarction, the activities of serum CK-MB and LDH, and the number of apoptotic cardiomyocytes. The activities of caspase 3, caspase 9 and caspase 12 in myocardium were also decreased significantly with I-MVs treatment. Moreover, the expression of Bax was decreased but Bcl-2 was increased. The expression of glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78), sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase 2 (SERCA2) and phosphorylated phospholamban (p-PLB) were increased after being treated with I-MVs. Conclusion I-MVs could protect hearts from I/R injury in rats through SERCA2 and p-PLB of calcium regulatory proteins to alleviate intrinsic myocardial apoptosis including mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Su Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yi-Lu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Man Shang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yan-Na Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Ming-Lin Liu
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA19140, USA.,Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Jun-Qiu Song
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yan-Xia Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
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Abstract
Most, if not all, cells of the cardiovascular system secrete small, lipid bilayer vesicles called exosomes. Despite technical challenges in their purification and analysis, exosomes from various sources have been shown to be powerfully cardioprotective. Indeed, it is possible that much of the so-called “paracrine” benefit in cardiovascular function obtained by stem cell therapy can be replicated by the injection of exosomes produced by stem cells. However, exosomes purified from plasma appear to be just as capable of activating cardioprotective pathways. We discuss the potential roles of endogenous exosomes in the cardiovascular system, how this is perturbed in cardiovascular disease, and evaluate their potential as therapeutic agents to protect the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Davidson
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, 67 Chenies Mews, WC1E 6HX, London, UK.
| | - Kaloyan Takov
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, 67 Chenies Mews, WC1E 6HX, London, UK
| | - Derek M Yellon
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, 67 Chenies Mews, WC1E 6HX, London, UK
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Koganti S, Eleftheriou D, Brogan PA, Kotecha T, Hong Y, Rakhit RD. Microparticles and their role in coronary artery disease. Int J Cardiol 2017; 230:339-345. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.12.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Abstract
Membrane vesicles released in the extracellular space are composed of a lipid bilayer enclosing soluble cytosolic material and nuclear components. Extracellular vesicles include apoptotic bodies, exosomes, and microvesicles (also known previously as microparticles). Originating from different subcellular compartments, the role of extracellular vesicles as regulators of transfer of biological information, acting locally and remotely, is now acknowledged. Circulating vesicles released from platelets, erythrocytes, leukocytes, and endothelial cells contain potential valuable biological information for biomarker discovery in primary and secondary prevention of coronary artery disease. Extracellular vesicles also accumulate in human atherosclerotic plaques, where they affect major biological pathways, including inflammation, proliferation, thrombosis, calcification, and vasoactive responses. Extracellular vesicles also recapitulate the beneficial effect of stem cells to treat cardiac consequences of acute myocardial infarction, and now emerge as an attractive alternative to cell therapy, opening new avenues to vectorize biological information to target tissues. Although interest in microvesicles in the cardiovascular field emerged about 2 decades ago, that for extracellular vesicles, in particular exosomes, started to unfold a decade ago, opening new research and therapeutic avenues. This Review summarizes current knowledge on the role of extracellular vesicles in coronary artery disease, and their emerging potential as biomarkers and therapeutic agents.
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O’Dea KP, Porter JR, Tirlapur N, Katbeh U, Singh S, Handy JM, Takata M. Circulating Microvesicles Are Elevated Acutely following Major Burns Injury and Associated with Clinical Severity. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167801. [PMID: 27936199 PMCID: PMC5148002 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Microvesicles are cell-derived signaling particles emerging as important mediators and biomarkers of systemic inflammation, but their production in severe burn injury patients has not been described. In this pilot investigation, we measured circulating microvesicle levels following severe burns, with severe sepsis patients as a comparator group. We hypothesized that levels of circulating vascular cell-derived microvesicles are elevated acutely following burns injury, mirroring clinical severity due to the early onset and prevalence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in these patients. Blood samples were obtained from patients with moderate to severe thermal injury burns, with severe sepsis, and from healthy volunteers. Circulating microvesicles derived from total leukocytes, granulocytes, monocytes, and endothelial cells were quantified in plasma by flow cytometry. All circulating microvesicle subpopulations were elevated in burns patients on day of admission (day 0) compared to healthy volunteers (leukocyte-microvesicles: 3.5-fold, p = 0.005; granulocyte-microvesicles: 12.8-fold, p<0.0001; monocyte-microvesicles: 20.4-fold, p<0.0001; endothelial- microvesicles: 9.6-fold, p = 0.01), but decreased significantly by day 2. Microvesicle levels were increased with severe sepsis, but less consistently between patients. Leukocyte- and granulocyte-derived microvesicles on day 0 correlated with clinical assessment scores and were higher in burns ICU non-survivors compared to survivors (leukocyte MVs 4.6 fold, p = 0.002; granulocyte MVs 4.8 fold, p = 0.003). Mortality prediction analysis of area under receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.92 (p = 0.01) for total leukocyte microvesicles and 0.85 (p = 0.04) for granulocyte microvesicles. These findings demonstrate, for the first time, acute increases in circulating microvesicles following burns injury in patients and point to their potential role in propagation of sterile SIRS-related pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieran P. O’Dea
- Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - John R. Porter
- Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Intensive Care Unit, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nikhil Tirlapur
- Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Umar Katbeh
- Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Suveer Singh
- Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Intensive Care Unit, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan M. Handy
- Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Intensive Care Unit, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Masao Takata
- Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Li KY, Zheng L, Wang Q, Hu YW. Characteristics of erythrocyte-derived microvesicles and its relation with atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2016; 255:140-144. [PMID: 27871771 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Microvesicles are formed under many circumstances, especially in atheromatous plaques. Erythrocyte-derived microvesicles (ErMVs) have been proved to promote atherosclerosis by promoting hypercoagulation, mediating inflammation and inducing cell adhesion. Several clinical studies have reported potential roles of ErMVs in cardiovascular disease diagnosis, but the current understanding of ErMVs remains insufficient. In this paper, we will review current research on the formation and degradation of ErMVs and the possible effects of ErMVs in atherosclerosis, discuss potential clinical applications in cardiovascular disease, and hope to raise awareness of the relation with atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Yin Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan-Wei Hu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Abstract
During apoptosis or activation, cells can release a subcellular structure, called a membrane microvesicle (also known as microparticle) into the extracellular environment. Microvesicles bud-off as a portion of cell membrane with its associated proteins and lipids surrounding a cytosolic core that contains intracellular proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids (DNA, RNA, siRNA, microRNA, lncRNA). Biologically active molecules on the microvesicle surface and encapsulated within can act on recipient cells as a novel mode of intercellular communication. Apoptosis has long been known to be involved in the development of diseases of autoimmunity. Abnormally persistent microvesicles, particularly apoptotic microvesicles, can accelerate autoimmune responses locally in specific organs and tissues as well as systemically. In this review, we focus on studies implicating microvesicles in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and their complications.
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Sinning JM, Jansen F, Hammerstingl C, Meier A, Losch J, Rohwer K, Schmitz T, Paul K, Sedaghat A, Schueler R, Vasa-Nicotera M, Müller C, Nickenig G, Werner N. Circulating Microparticles Decrease After Cardiac Stress in Patients With Significant Coronary Artery Stenosis. Clin Cardiol 2016; 39:570-577. [PMID: 27410166 DOI: 10.1002/clc.22566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Revised: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac stress leads to a dynamic increase of circulating microparticles (MPs) in healthy individuals that is diminished in individuals with vascular disease. The impact of coronary ischemia on circulating MP level is unknown. This study investigates the kinetics of circulating MPs during cardiac stress in patients with coronary artery stenosis. HYPOTHESIS Patients with significant coronary stenosis show altered circulating MP levels after cardiac stress. METHODS Eighty patients with stable coronary artery disease underwent dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) on the day before coronary angiography. Before, immediately after, at 4 hours, and at 24 hours after DSE, blood was drawn to determine CD144+ endothelial microparticles (EMPs), CD14+ CD16+ monocyte-derived microparticles (MMPs), and CD31+ CD42b+ platelet microparticles. A significant stenosis was defined as stenosis diameter ≥70% in a major native epicardial coronary artery with a diameter of ≥2.5 mm. RESULTS Significant coronary artery stenoses were found in 41 patients. In these patients, CD144+ -EMP and CD14+ CD16+ -MMP concentrations decreased immediately after DSE. Stimulation of target endothelial cells with sera from patients with significant coronary artery stenoses significantly augmented endothelial capacity to take up EMPs, but not MMPs, in vitro. Serum-induced enhancement of endothelial phosphatidylserine receptor expression was found as a potential mechanism of increased endothelial EMP uptake and subsequently reduced circulating EMP levels after cardiac stress. CONCLUSIONS Cardiac ischemia leads to reduced circulating MP levels under cardiac stress. Changes of endothelial MP uptake capacities could be one possible mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Malte Sinning
- Department of Medicine II, Heart Center Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Felix Jansen
- Department of Medicine II, Heart Center Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Arne Meier
- Department of Medicine II, Heart Center Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan Losch
- Department of Medicine II, Heart Center Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Katharina Rohwer
- Department of Medicine II, Heart Center Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Theresa Schmitz
- Department of Medicine II, Heart Center Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kathrin Paul
- Department of Medicine II, Heart Center Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexander Sedaghat
- Department of Medicine II, Heart Center Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Robert Schueler
- Department of Medicine II, Heart Center Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mariuca Vasa-Nicotera
- Department of Medicine II, Heart Center Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Cornelius Müller
- Department of Medicine II, Heart Center Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Georg Nickenig
- Department of Medicine II, Heart Center Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nikos Werner
- Department of Medicine II, Heart Center Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Tempo JA, Englyst NA, Holloway JA, Smith DC. Platelet Microvesicles (Microparticles) in Cardiac Surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2016; 30:222-8. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Contributions of phosphatidylserine-positive platelets and leukocytes and microparticles to hypercoagulable state in gastric cancer patients. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:7881-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4667-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Williams R. Circulation Research
“In This Issue” Anthology. Circ Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1161/res.0000000000000088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Dynamic microvesicle release and clearance within the cardiovascular system: triggers and mechanisms. Clin Sci (Lond) 2015; 129:915-31. [PMID: 26359252 DOI: 10.1042/cs20140623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Interest in cell-derived microvesicles (or microparticles) within cardiovascular diagnostics and therapeutics is rapidly growing. Microvesicles are often measured in the circulation at a single time point. However, it is becoming clear that microvesicle levels both increase and decrease rapidly in response to certain stimuli such as hypoxia, acute cardiac stress, shear stress, hypertriglyceridaemia and inflammation. Consequently, the levels of circulating microvesicles will reflect the balance between dynamic mechanisms for release and clearance. The present review describes the range of triggers currently known to lead to microvesicle release from different cellular origins into the circulation. Specifically, the published data are used to summarize the dynamic impact of these triggers on the degree and rate of microvesicle release. Secondly, a summary of the current understanding of microvesicle clearance via different cellular systems, including the endothelial cell and macrophage, is presented, based on reported studies of clearance in experimental models and clinical scenarios, such as transfusion or cardiac stress. Together, this information can be used to provide insights into potential underlying biological mechanisms that might explain the increases or decreases in circulating microvesicle levels that have been reported and help to design future clinical studies.
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Bank IEM, Timmers L, Gijsberts CM, Zhang YN, Mosterd A, Wang JW, Chan MY, De Hoog V, Lim SK, Sze SK, Lam CSP, De Kleijn DPV. The diagnostic and prognostic potential of plasma extracellular vesicles for cardiovascular disease. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2015; 15:1577-88. [DOI: 10.1586/14737159.2015.1109450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Micropartículas de pequeño tamaño como indicadores del estado agudo en la insuficiencia cardiaca sistólica. Rev Esp Cardiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2014.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Frühbeis C, Helmig S, Tug S, Simon P, Krämer-Albers EM. Physical exercise induces rapid release of small extracellular vesicles into the circulation. J Extracell Vesicles 2015; 4:28239. [PMID: 26142461 PMCID: PMC4491306 DOI: 10.3402/jev.v4.28239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs) by default and in response to diverse stimuli for the purpose of cell communication and tissue homeostasis. EVs are present in all body fluids including peripheral blood, and their appearance correlates with specific physiological and pathological conditions. Here, we show that physical activity is associated with the release of nano-sized EVs into the circulation. Healthy individuals were subjected to an incremental exercise protocol of cycling or running until exhaustion, and EVs were isolated from blood plasma samples taken before, immediately after and 90 min after exercise. Small EVs with the size of 100-130 nm, that carried proteins characteristic of exosomes, were significantly increased immediately after cycling exercise and declined again within 90 min at rest. In response to treadmill running, elevation of small EVs was moderate but appeared more sustained. To delineate EV release kinetics, plasma samples were additionally taken at the end of each increment of the cycling exercise protocol. Release of small EVs into the circulation was initiated in an early phase of exercise, before the individual anaerobic threshold, which is marked by the rise of lactate. Taken together, our study revealed that exercise triggers a rapid release of EVs with the characteristic size of exosomes into the circulation, initiated in the aerobic phase of exercise. We hypothesize that EVs released during physical activity may participate in cell communication during exercise-mediated adaptation processes that involve signalling across tissues and organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Frühbeis
- Molecular Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Susanne Helmig
- Department of Sports Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Suzan Tug
- Department of Sports Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Perikles Simon
- Department of Sports Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany;
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Montoro-García S, Shantsila E, Wrigley BJ, Tapp LD, Abellán Alemán J, Lip GYH. Small-size Microparticles as Indicators of Acute Decompensated State in Ischemic Heart Failure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 68:951-8. [PMID: 25819989 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2014.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Microparticles are markers for cell activation and apoptosis and could provide valuable information that is not available from clinical data. This study assesses the clinical and biological relationship of small-sized microparticles in different forms of ischemic systolic heart failure and their relation to markers of inflammation and repair. METHODS We compared 49 patients with acute heart failure, 39 with stable heart failure and 25 patients with stable coronary artery disease. Small-size microparticles counts were determined by high-resolution flow cytometry. Moreover, 3 different monocyte subpopulations and their expression of inflammatory and adhesive scavenger receptors were analyzed using a conventional flow cytometer. RESULTS Endothelial CD144+ microparticle counts were decreased in heart failure groups (P=.008). Annexin V-binding microparticle counts were found increased in heart failure (P=.024) and in patients with lower functional class (P=.013). Platelet CD42b+ microparticle counts positively correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction (P=.006), and annexin V-binding microparticle counts with interleukin-6 levels in stable heart failure (P=.034). Annexin V-binding microparticle counts in the acute status strongly correlated with toll-like receptor-4 expression on all monocyte subsets (all P<.01). Three months after admission with acute heart failure, annexin V-binding microparticle counts were positively correlated with receptors for interleukin-6, CD163 and CD204 (all P<.05). CONCLUSIONS Annexin V-binding microparticle counts constitute valuable hallmarks of acute decompensated state in systolic heart failure. The observed relationship between small-size annexin V-binding microparticles and scavenger receptors supports their involvement in the progression of the acute response to injury, and thus their contribution to the pathogenesis of acute decompensated heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Montoro-García
- University of Birmingham Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Departamento de Riesgo Cardiovascular, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eduard Shantsila
- University of Birmingham Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin J Wrigley
- University of Birmingham Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Luke D Tapp
- University of Birmingham Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - José Abellán Alemán
- Departamento de Riesgo Cardiovascular, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- University of Birmingham Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
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Durrer C, Robinson E, Wan Z, Martinez N, Hummel ML, Jenkins NT, Kilpatrick MW, Little JP. Differential impact of acute high-intensity exercise on circulating endothelial microparticles and insulin resistance between overweight/obese males and females. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0115860. [PMID: 25710559 PMCID: PMC4339732 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background An acute bout of exercise can improve endothelial function and insulin sensitivity when measured on the day following exercise. Our aim was to compare acute high-intensity continuous exercise (HICE) to high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) on circulating endothelial microparticles (EMPs) and insulin sensitivity in overweight/obese men and women. Methods Inactive males (BMI = 30 ± 3, 25 ± 6 yr, n = 6) and females (BMI = 28 ± 2, 21 ± 3 yr, n = 7) participated in three experimental trials in a randomized counterbalanced crossover design: 1) No exercise control (Control); 2) HICE (20 min cycling @ just above ventilatory threshold); 3) HIIE (10 X 1-min @ ∼90% peak aerobic power). Exercise conditions were matched for external work and diet was controlled post-exercise. Fasting blood samples were obtained ∼18 hr after each condition. CD62E+ and CD31+/CD42b- EMPs were assessed by flow cytometry and insulin resistance (IR) was estimated by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR). Results There was a significant sex X exercise interaction for CD62E+ EMPs, CD31+/CD42b- EMPs, and HOMA-IR (all P<0.05). In males, both HICE and HIIE reduced EMPs compared to Control (P≤0.05). In females, HICE increased CD62E+ EMPs (P<0.05 vs. Control) whereas CD31+/CD42b- EMPs were unaltered by either exercise type. There was a significant increase in HOMA-IR in males but a decrease in females following HIIE compared to Control (P<0.05). Conclusions Overweight/obese males and females appear to respond differently to acute bouts of high-intensity exercise. A single session of HICE and HIIE reduced circulating EMPs measured on the morning following exercise in males but in females CD62E+ EMPs were increased following HICE. Next day HOMA-IR paradoxically increased in males but was reduced in females following HIIE. Future research is needed to investigate mechanisms responsible for potential differential responses between males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody Durrer
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Emily Robinson
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Zhongxiao Wan
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nic Martinez
- College of Education, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Michelle L. Hummel
- College of Education, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Nathan T. Jenkins
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Marcus W. Kilpatrick
- College of Education, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jonathan P. Little
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail:
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França CN, Izar MCDO, Amaral JBD, Tegani DM, Fonseca FAH. Microparticles as potential biomarkers of cardiovascular disease. Arq Bras Cardiol 2015; 104:169-74. [PMID: 25626759 PMCID: PMC4375661 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20140210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease is a choice of great relevance because
of its impact on health. Some biomarkers, such as microparticles derived from
different cell populations, have been considered useful in the assessment of
cardiovascular disease. Microparticles are released by the membrane structures of
different cell types upon activation or apoptosis, and are present in the plasma of
healthy individuals (in levels considered physiological) and in patients with
different pathologies. Many studies have suggested an association between
microparticles and different pathological conditions, mainly the relationship with
the development of cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, the effects of different
lipid-lowering therapies have been described in regard to measurement of
microparticles. The studies are still controversial regarding the levels of
microparticles that can be considered pathological. In addition, the methodologies
used still vary, suggesting the need for standardization of the different protocols
applied, aiming at using microparticles as biomarkers in clinical practice.
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Rousseau M, Belleannee C, Duchez AC, Cloutier N, Levesque T, Jacques F, Perron J, Nigrovic PA, Dieude M, Hebert MJ, Gelb MH, Boilard E. Detection and quantification of microparticles from different cellular lineages using flow cytometry. Evaluation of the impact of secreted phospholipase A2 on microparticle assessment. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0116812. [PMID: 25587983 PMCID: PMC4294685 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microparticles, also called microvesicles, are submicron extracellular vesicles produced by plasma membrane budding and shedding recognized as key actors in numerous physio(patho)logical processes. Since they can be released by virtually any cell lineages and are retrieved in biological fluids, microparticles appear as potent biomarkers. However, the small dimensions of microparticles and soluble factors present in body fluids can considerably impede their quantification. Here, flow cytometry with improved methodology for microparticle resolution was used to detect microparticles of human and mouse species generated from platelets, red blood cells, endothelial cells, apoptotic thymocytes and cells from the male reproductive tract. A family of soluble proteins, the secreted phospholipases A2 (sPLA2), comprises enzymes concomitantly expressed with microparticles in biological fluids and that catalyze the hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids. As sPLA2 can hydrolyze phosphatidylserine, a phospholipid frequently used to assess microparticles, and might even clear microparticles, we further considered the impact of relevant sPLA2 enzymes, sPLA2 group IIA, V and X, on microparticle quantification. We observed that if enriched in fluids, certain sPLA2 enzymes impair the quantification of microparticles depending on the species studied, the source of microparticles and the means of detection employed (surface phosphatidylserine or protein antigen detection). This study provides analytical considerations for appropriate interpretation of microparticle cytofluorometric measurements in biological samples containing sPLA2 enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Rousseau
- Centre de Recherche en Rhumatologie et Immunologie, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Faculté de Médecine de l’Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Clemence Belleannee
- Centre de Recherche du CHUQ and Département d’Obstétrique-Gynécologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Anne-Claire Duchez
- Centre de Recherche en Rhumatologie et Immunologie, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Faculté de Médecine de l’Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Nathalie Cloutier
- Centre de Recherche en Rhumatologie et Immunologie, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Faculté de Médecine de l’Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Tania Levesque
- Centre de Recherche en Rhumatologie et Immunologie, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Faculté de Médecine de l’Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | | | - Jean Perron
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Peter A. Nigrovic
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Melanie Dieude
- Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Josee Hebert
- Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Michael H. Gelb
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Eric Boilard
- Centre de Recherche en Rhumatologie et Immunologie, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Faculté de Médecine de l’Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Jy W, Gómez-Marín O, Salerno TA, Panos AL, Williams D, Horstman LL, Ahn YS. Presurgical levels of circulating cell-derived microparticles discriminate between patients with and without transfusion in coronary artery bypass graft surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2015; 149:305-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2014.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Willis G, Connolly K, Ladell K, Davies T, Guschina I, Ramji D, Miners K, Price D, Clayton A, James P, Rees D. Young women with polycystic ovary syndrome have raised levels of circulating annexin V-positive platelet microparticles. Hum Reprod 2014; 29:2756-63. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deu281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Qamri Z, Pelletier R, Foster J, Kumar S, Momani H, Ware K, Von Visger J, Satoskar A, Nadasdy T, Brodsky SV. Early posttransplant changes in circulating endothelial microparticles in patients with kidney transplantation. Transpl Immunol 2014; 31:60-4. [PMID: 25008980 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2014.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial microparticles (EMPs) are membrane vesicles shed from endothelial cell in response to injury, activation or apoptosis. Kidney transplantation (KTx) is the treatment of choice for patients with end stage kidney disease (ESKD). The aim of this study was to analyze changes in EMP and serum creatinine (SCr) in patients following KTx. METHODS Blood was periodically collected from patients before (pre-KTx) and after KTx for two months. EMPs were identified as CD31(+)/CD42b(-) microparticles and quantified by fluorescence-activated cell scanning. RESULTS This study included 213 KTx, 14 kidney/pancreas (KPTx) recipients and 60 healthy donors prior to donation. The recipients were divided into 5 groups based on the cause of ESKD. No differences in the quantity of circulating EMP were seen in the pre-KPTx or KTx recipient sera and healthy donor sera. Patients with ESKD secondary to diabetes mellitus, obstructive/inherited kidney disease and autoimmune disease had a decrease in both circulating EMP and SCr by day 60 after KTx. CONCLUSION Reduction in both circulating EMP and SCr was seen after kidney KTx in patients with selective ESKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahida Qamri
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Ronald Pelletier
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jamison Foster
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Hammam Momani
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Kyle Ware
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jon Von Visger
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Anjali Satoskar
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Tibor Nadasdy
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Sergey V Brodsky
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.
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