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Wang Y, Qiu J, Yan H, Zhang N, Gao S, Xu N, Wang C, Lou H. The Bach1/HO-1 pathway regulates oxidative stress and contributes to ferroptosis in doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in H9c2 cells and mice. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:1781-1794. [PMID: 38573338 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03697-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most frequently used chemotherapeutic drugs belonging to the class of anthracyclines. However, the cardiotoxic effects of anthracyclines limit their clinical use. Recent studies have suggested that ferroptosis is the main underlying pathogenetic mechanism of DOX-induced cardiomyopathy (DIC). BTB-and-CNC homology 1 (Bach1) acts as a key role in the regulation of ferroptosis. However, the mechanistic role of Bach1 in DIC remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanistic role of Bach1 in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity using the DIC mice in vivo (DOX at cumulative dose of 20 mg/kg) and the DOX-treated H9c2 cardiomyocytes in vitro (1 μM). Our results show a marked upregulation in the expression of Bach1 in the cardiac tissues of the DOX-treated mice and the DOX-treated cardiomyocytes. However, Bach1-/- mice exhibited reduced lipid peroxidation and less severe cardiomyopathy after DOX treatment. Bach1 knockdown protected against DOX-induced ferroptosis in both in vivo and in vitro models. Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1), a potent inhibitor of ferroptosis, significantly alleviated DOX-induced cardiac damage. However, the cardioprotective effects of Bach1 knockdown were reversed by pre-treatment with Zinc Protoporphyrin (ZnPP), a selective inhibitor of heme oxygenase-1(HO-1). Taken together, these findings demonstrated that Bach1 promoted oxidative stress and ferroptosis through suppressing the expression of HO-1. Therefore, Bach1 may present as a promising new therapeutic target for the prevention and early intervention of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, No. 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Jingru Qiu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Hua Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Breast Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China
| | - Shixuan Gao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Cuiyan Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, No. 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Haiyan Lou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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Thakore P, Clark JE, Aubdool AA, Thapa D, Starr A, Fraser PA, Farrell-Dillon K, Fernandes ES, McFadzean I, Brain SD. Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 5 (TRPC5): Regulation of Heart Rate and Protection against Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy. Biomolecules 2024; 14:442. [PMID: 38672459 PMCID: PMC11047837 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
TRPC5 is a non-selective cation channel that is expressed in cardiomyocytes, but there is a lack of knowledge of its (patho)physiological role in vivo. Here, we examine the role of TRPC5 on cardiac function under basal conditions and during cardiac hypertrophy. Cardiovascular parameters were assessed in wild-type (WT) and global TRPC5 knockout (KO) mice. Despite no difference in blood pressure or activity, heart rate was significantly reduced in TRPC5 KO mice. Echocardiography imaging revealed an increase in stroke volume, but cardiac contractility was unaffected. The reduced heart rate persisted in isolated TRPC5 KO hearts, suggesting changes in basal cardiac pacing. Heart rate was further investigated by evaluating the reflex change following drug-induced pressure changes. The reflex bradycardic response following phenylephrine was greater in TRPC5 KO mice but the tachycardic response to SNP was unchanged, indicating an enhancement in the parasympathetic control of the heart rate. Moreover, the reduction in heart rate to carbachol was greater in isolated TRPC5 KO hearts. To evaluate the role of TRPC5 in cardiac pathology, mice were subjected to abdominal aortic banding (AAB). An exaggerated cardiac hypertrophy response to AAB was observed in TRPC5 KO mice, with an increased expression of hypertrophy markers, fibrosis, reactive oxygen species, and angiogenesis. This study provides novel evidence for a direct effect of TRPC5 on cardiac function. We propose that (1) TRPC5 is required for maintaining heart rate by regulating basal cardiac pacing and in response to pressure lowering, and (2) TRPC5 protects against pathological cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratish Thakore
- BHF Cardiovascular Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK (J.E.C.); (A.A.A.); (D.T.); (A.S.); (P.A.F.); (K.F.-D.)
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - James E. Clark
- BHF Cardiovascular Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK (J.E.C.); (A.A.A.); (D.T.); (A.S.); (P.A.F.); (K.F.-D.)
| | - Aisah A. Aubdool
- BHF Cardiovascular Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK (J.E.C.); (A.A.A.); (D.T.); (A.S.); (P.A.F.); (K.F.-D.)
| | - Dibesh Thapa
- BHF Cardiovascular Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK (J.E.C.); (A.A.A.); (D.T.); (A.S.); (P.A.F.); (K.F.-D.)
| | - Anna Starr
- BHF Cardiovascular Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK (J.E.C.); (A.A.A.); (D.T.); (A.S.); (P.A.F.); (K.F.-D.)
| | - Paul A. Fraser
- BHF Cardiovascular Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK (J.E.C.); (A.A.A.); (D.T.); (A.S.); (P.A.F.); (K.F.-D.)
| | - Keith Farrell-Dillon
- BHF Cardiovascular Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK (J.E.C.); (A.A.A.); (D.T.); (A.S.); (P.A.F.); (K.F.-D.)
| | - Elizabeth S. Fernandes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação, em Biotecnologia Aplicada à Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba 80230-020, PR, Brazil;
| | - Ian McFadzean
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
- School of Bioscience Education, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King’s College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Susan D. Brain
- BHF Cardiovascular Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK (J.E.C.); (A.A.A.); (D.T.); (A.S.); (P.A.F.); (K.F.-D.)
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3
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Wei X, Jin J, Wu J, He Y, Guo J, Yang Z, Chen L, Hu K, Li L, Jia M, Li Q, Lv X, Ge F, Ma S, Wu H, Zhi X, Wang X, Jiang L, Osto E, Zhang J, Meng D. Cardiac-specific BACH1 ablation attenuates pathological cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting the Ang II type 1 receptor expression and the Ca2+/CaMKII pathway. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:1842-1855. [PMID: 37279500 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS BACH1 is up-regulated in hypertrophic hearts, but its function in cardiac hypertrophy remains largely unknown. This research investigates the function and mechanisms of BACH1 in the regulation of cardiac hypertrophy. METHODS AND RESULTS Male cardiac-specific BACH1 knockout mice or cardiac-specific BACH1 transgenic (BACH1-Tg) mice and their respective wild-type littermates developed cardiac hypertrophy induced by angiotensin II (Ang II) or transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Cardiac-specific BACH1 knockout in mice protected the hearts against Ang II- and TAC-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, and preserved cardiac function. Conversely, cardiac-specific BACH1 overexpression markedly exaggerated cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis and reduced cardiac function in mice with Ang II- and TAC-induced hypertrophy. Mechanistically, BACH1 silencing attenuated Ang II- and norepinephrine-stimulated calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) signalling, the expression of hypertrophic genes, and hypertrophic growth of cardiomyocytes. Ang II stimulation promoted the nuclear localization of BACH1, facilitated the recruitment of BACH1 to the Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R) gene promoter, and then increased the expression of AT1R. Inhibition of BACH1 attenuated Ang II-stimulated AT1R expression, cytosolic Ca2+ levels, and CaMKII activation in cardiomyocytes, whereas overexpression of BACH1 led to the opposite effects. The increased expression of hypertrophic genes induced by BACH1 overexpression upon Ang II stimulation was suppressed by CaMKII inhibitor KN93. The AT1R antagonist, losartan, significantly attenuated BACH1-mediated CaMKII activation and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy under Ang II stimulation in vitro. Similarly, Ang II-induced myocardial pathological hypertrophy, cardiac fibrosis, and dysfunction in BACH1-Tg mice were blunted by treatment with losartan. CONCLUSION This study elucidates a novel important role of BACH1 in pathological cardiac hypertrophy by regulating the AT1R expression and the Ca2+/CaMKII pathway, and highlights potential therapeutic target in pathological cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxiang Wei
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Medical College and Zhongshan Hospital Immunotherapy Translational Research Center, 446 Zhaojiabang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiayu Jin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yunquan He
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jieyu Guo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhaohua Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Kui Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, 83 Zhongshan East Road, Nanming District, Guizhou 550499, China
| | - Liliang Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Mengping Jia
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qinhan Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaoyu Lv
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Fei Ge
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Siyu Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Huijie Wu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiuling Zhi
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xinhong Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lindi Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Elena Osto
- University and University Hospital Zurich, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Wagistrasse 14, Zurich CH 8952, Switzerland
| | - Jianyi Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Volker Hall G094-J, 1670 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Dan Meng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
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4
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Smith MJ, Yang F, Griffiths A, Morrell A, Chapple SJ, Siow RCM, Stewart T, Maret W, Mann GE. Redox and metal profiles in human coronary endothelial and smooth muscle cells under hyperoxia, physiological normoxia and hypoxia: Effects of NRF2 signaling on intracellular zinc. Redox Biol 2023; 62:102712. [PMID: 37116256 PMCID: PMC10165141 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc is an important component of cellular antioxidant defenses and dysregulation of zinc homeostasis is a risk factor for coronary heart disease and ischemia/reperfusion injury. Intracellular homeostasis of metals, such as zinc, iron and calcium are interrelated with cellular responses to oxidative stress. Most cells experience significantly lower oxygen levels in vivo (2-10 kPa O2) compared to standard in vitro cell culture (18kPa O2). We report the first evidence that total intracellular zinc content decreases significantly in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC), but not in human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (HCASMC), after lowering of O2 levels from hyperoxia (18 kPa O2) to physiological normoxia (5 kPa O2) and hypoxia (1 kPa O2). This was paralleled by O2-dependent differences in redox phenotype based on measurements of glutathione, ATP and NRF2-targeted protein expression in HCAEC and HCASMC. NRF2-induced NQO1 expression was attenuated in both HCAEC and HCASMC under 5 kPa O2 compared to 18 kPa O2. Expression of the zinc efflux transporter ZnT1 increased in HCAEC under 5 kPa O2, whilst expression of the zinc-binding protein metallothionine (MT) decreased as O2 levels were lowered from 18 to 1 kPa O2. Negligible changes in ZnT1 and MT expression were observed in HCASMC. Silencing NRF2 transcription reduced total intracellular zinc under 18 kPa O2 in HCAEC with negligible changes in HCASMC, whilst NRF2 activation or overexpression increased zinc content in HCAEC, but not HCASMC, under 5 kPa O2. This study has identified cell type specific changes in the redox phenotype and metal profile in human coronary artery cells under physiological O2 levels. Our findings provide novel insights into the effect of NRF2 signaling on Zn content and may inform targeted therapies for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Smith
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Fan Yang
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Alexander Griffiths
- London Metallomics Facility, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, UK
| | - Alexander Morrell
- London Metallomics Facility, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, UK
| | - Sarah J Chapple
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Richard C M Siow
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Theodora Stewart
- Research Management & Innovation Directorate (RMID), King's College London, UK
| | - Wolfgang Maret
- Departments of Biochemistry and Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course & Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, UK
| | - Giovanni E Mann
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK.
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5
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Ahuja M, Kaidery NA, Dutta D, Attucks OC, Kazakov EH, Gazaryan I, Matsumoto M, Igarashi K, Sharma SM, Thomas B. Harnessing the Therapeutic Potential of the Nrf2/Bach1 Signaling Pathway in Parkinson's Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091780. [PMID: 36139853 PMCID: PMC9495572 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative movement disorder characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Although a complex interplay of multiple environmental and genetic factors has been implicated, the etiology of neuronal death in PD remains unresolved. Various mechanisms of neuronal degeneration in PD have been proposed, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, α-synuclein proteostasis, disruption of calcium homeostasis, and other cell death pathways. While many drugs individually targeting these pathways have shown promise in preclinical PD models, this promise has not yet translated into neuroprotective therapies in human PD. This has consequently spurred efforts to identify alternative targets with multipronged therapeutic approaches. A promising therapeutic target that could modulate multiple etiological pathways involves drug-induced activation of a coordinated genetic program regulated by the transcription factor, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Nrf2 regulates the transcription of over 250 genes, creating a multifaceted network that integrates cellular activities by expressing cytoprotective genes, promoting the resolution of inflammation, restoring redox and protein homeostasis, stimulating energy metabolism, and facilitating repair. However, FDA-approved electrophilic Nrf2 activators cause irreversible alkylation of cysteine residues in various cellular proteins resulting in side effects. We propose that the transcriptional repressor of BTB and CNC homology 1 (Bach1), which antagonizes Nrf2, could serve as a promising complementary target for the activation of both Nrf2-dependent and Nrf2-independent neuroprotective pathways. This review presents the current knowledge on the Nrf2/Bach1 signaling pathway, its role in various cellular processes, and the benefits of simultaneously inhibiting Bach1 and stabilizing Nrf2 using non-electrophilic small molecules as a novel therapeutic approach for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuj Ahuja
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
| | - Navneet Ammal Kaidery
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
| | - Debashis Dutta
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
| | | | | | - Irina Gazaryan
- Pace University, White Plains, NY 10601, USA
- Department of Chemical Enzymology, School of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 111401 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnologies, Higher School of Economics, 111401 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mitsuyo Matsumoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Igarashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Japan
| | - Sudarshana M. Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
| | - Bobby Thomas
- Darby Children’s Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Department of Drug Discovery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
- Correspondence:
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Jiang X, Cao M, Wu J, Wang X, Zhang G, Yang C, Gao P, Zou Y. Protections of transcription factor BACH2 and natural product myricetin against pathological cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction. Front Physiol 2022; 13:971424. [PMID: 36105283 PMCID: PMC9465486 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.971424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological hypertrophic myocardium under consistent adverse stimuli eventually can cause heart failure. This study aims to explore the role of BACH2, a member of the basic region leucine zipper transcription factor family, in cardiac hypertrophy and failure. Transverse aortic constriction surgery was operated to induce cardiac hypertrophy and failure in mice. BACH2 was overexpressed in mice through tail vein injection of AAV9-Bach2. Mice with systemic or cardiac-specific knockdown of Bach2 were adopted. Neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) were isolated and infected with lentivirus to overexpress Bach2 or transfected with siRNA to knock down Bach2. Our data showed that overexpression of BACH2 ameliorated TAC-induced cardiac hypertrophy and failure in mice and decreased isoproterenol (ISO)-triggered myocyte hypertrophy in NRVMs. Systemic or cardiac-specific knockdown of Bach2 worsened the cardiac hypertrophy and failure phenotype in mice. Further assays showed that BACH2 bound to the promotor region of Akap6 at the -600 to -587 site and repressed its expression, which functioned as a crucial scaffold for cardiac hypertrophy and failure signaling pathways. Small molecular natural product library screening suggested that myricetin could up-regulate expression of Bach2 and simultaneously suppress the transcriptional levels of hypertrophic marker genes Bnp and Myh7. Further studies showed that myricetin exerted a BACH2-dependent protective effect against cardiac hypertrophy in vivo and in vitro. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that BACH2 plays a crucial role in the regulation of cardiac hypertrophy and failure and can be a potential therapeutic target in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Pan Gao
- *Correspondence: Yunzeng Zou, ; Pan Gao,
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7
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Cai L, Arbab AS, Lee TJ, Sharma A, Thomas B, Igarashi K, Raju RP. BACH1-Hemoxygenase-1 axis regulates cellular energetics and survival following sepsis. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 188:134-145. [PMID: 35691510 PMCID: PMC10507736 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a complex disease due to dysregulated host response to infection. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction leading to metabolic dysregulation are among the hallmarks of sepsis. The transcription factor NRF2 (Nuclear Factor E2-related factor2) is a master regulator of the oxidative stress response, and the NRF2 mediated antioxidant response is negatively regulated by BTB and CNC homology 1 (BACH1) protein. This study tested whether Bach1 deletion improves organ function and survival following polymicrobial sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). We observed enhanced post-CLP survival in Bach1-/- mice with a concomitantly increased liver HO-1 expression, reduced liver injury and oxidative stress, and attenuated systemic and tissue inflammation. After sepsis induction, the liver mitochondrial function was better preserved in Bach1-/- mice. Furthermore, BACH1 deficiency improved liver and lung blood flow in septic mice, as measured by SPECT/CT. RNA-seq analysis identified 44 genes significantly altered in Bach1-/- mice after sepsis, including HMOX1 and several genes in lipid metabolism. Inhibiting HO-1 activity by Zinc Protoporphyrin-9 worsened organ function in Bach1-/- mice following sepsis. We demonstrate that mitochondrial bioenergetics, organ function, and survival following experimental sepsis were improved in Bach1-/- mice through the HO-1-dependent mechanism and conclude that BACH1 is a therapeutic target in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lun Cai
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Ali S Arbab
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Tae Jin Lee
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Ashok Sharma
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Bobby Thomas
- Department of Pediatrics, Darby Children's Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Drug Discovery, Darby Children's Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Kazuhiko Igarashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Raghavan Pillai Raju
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
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8
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Guo S, Zhang E, Zhang B, Liu Q, Meng Z, Li Z, Wang C, Gong Z, Wu Y. Identification of Key Non-coding RNAs and Transcription Factors in Calcific Aortic Valve Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:826744. [PMID: 35845040 PMCID: PMC9276990 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.826744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is one of the most frequently occurring valvular heart diseases among the aging population. Currently, there is no known pharmacological treatment available to delay or reverse CAVD progression. The regulation of gene expression could contribute to the initiation, progression, and treatment of CAVD. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and transcription factors play essential regulatory roles in gene expression in CAVD; thus, further research is urgently needed. Materials and Methods The gene-expression profiles of GSE51472 and GSE12644 were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in each dataset. A protein-protein-interaction (PPI) network of DEGs was then constructed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins database, and functional modules were analyzed with ClusterOne plugin in Cytoscape. Furthermore, Gene Ontology-functional annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes-pathway analysis were conducted for each functional module. Most crucially, ncRNAs and transcription factors acting on each functional module were separately identified using the RNAInter and TRRUST databases. The expression of predicted transcription factors and key genes was validated using GSE51472 and GSE12644. Furthermore, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) experiments were performed to validate the differential expression of most promising candidates in human CAVD and control samples. Results Among 552 DEGs, 383 were upregulated and 169 were downregulated. In the PPI network, 15 functional modules involving 182 genes and proteins were identified. After hypergeometric testing, 45 ncRNAs and 33 transcription factors were obtained. Among the predicted transcription factors, CIITA, HIF1A, JUN, POU2F2, and STAT6 were differentially expressed in both the training and validation sets. In addition, we found that key genes, namely, CD2, CD86, CXCL8, FCGR3B, GZMB, ITGB2, LY86, MMP9, PPBP, and TYROBP were also differentially expressed in both the training and validation sets. Among the most promising candidates, differential expressions of ETS1, JUN, NFKB1, RELA, SP1, STAT1, ANCR, and LOC101927497 were identified via qRT-PCR experiments. Conclusion In this study, we identified functional modules with ncRNAs and transcription factors involved in CAVD pathogenesis. The current results suggest candidate molecules for further research on CAVD.
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9
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Inhibiting BTB domain and CNC homolog 1 (Bach1) as an alternative to increase Nrf2 activation in chronic diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2022; 1866:130129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2022.130129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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10
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Li H, Wang B, Mai Z, Yu S, Zhou Z, Lu H, Lai W, Li Q, Yang Y, Deng J, Tan N, Chen J, Liu J, Liu Y, Chen S. Paradoxical Association Between Baseline Apolipoprotein B and Prognosis in Coronary Artery Disease: A 36,460 Chinese Cohort Study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:822626. [PMID: 35146010 PMCID: PMC8821163 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.822626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were identified targets for blood lipid management among coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. However, previous studies reported an inverse correlation between baseline LDL-C concentration and clinical outcomes. This study aims to explore the definite association between baseline ApoB and long-term prognosis. Methods A total of 36,460 CAD patients admitted to Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital were enrolled and categorized into two groups: high ApoB (≥65 mg/dL) group and low ApoB (<65 mg/dL) group. The association between baseline ApoB and long-term all-cause mortality was evaluated by the Kaplan-Meier method, Cox regression analyses and restricted cubic splines. Results The overall mortality was 12.49% (n = 4,554) over a median follow-up period of 5.01 years. Patients with low baseline ApoB levels were paradoxically more likely to get a worse prognosis. There was no obvious difference in risk of long-term all-cause mortality when only adjusted for age, gender, and comorbidity (aHR: 1.07, 95% CI: 0.99–1.16). When CONUT and total bilirubin were adjusted, the risk of long-term all-cause mortality would reduce in the low-ApoB (<65 mg/dL) group (aHR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.78–0.96). In the fully covariable-adjusted model, patients in the ApoB <65 mg/d group had a 10.00% lower risk of long-term all-cause mortality comparing to patients with ApoB ≥65 mg/dL (aHR: 0.90; 95% CI:0.81–0.99). Conclusion This study found a paradoxical association between baseline ApoB and long-term all-cause mortality. Malnutrition and bilirubin mainly mediate the ApoB paradox. Increased ApoB concentration remained linearly associated with an increased risk of long-term all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanqiang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziling Mai
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sijia Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyou Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenguang Lai
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongquan Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingru Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Tan
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiyan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Jin Liu
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Yong Liu
| | - Shiqun Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Shiqun Chen
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11
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Arunachalam A, Lakshmanan DK, Ravichandran G, Paul S, Manickam S, Kumar PV, Thilagar S. Regulatory mechanisms of heme regulatory protein BACH1: a potential therapeutic target for cancer. Med Oncol 2021; 38:122. [PMID: 34482423 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-021-01573-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A limited number of overexpressed transcription factors are associated with cancer progression in many types of cancer. BTB and CNC homology 1 (BACH1) is the first mammalian heme-binding transcription factor that belongs to the basic region leucine zipper (bZIP) family and a member of CNC (cap 'n' collar). It forms heterodimers with the small musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma (MAF) proteins and stimulates or suppresses the expression of target genes under a very low intracellular heme concentration. It possesses a significant regulatory role in heme homeostasis, oxidative stress, cell cycle, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and cancer metastasis progression. This review discusses the current knowledge about how BACH1 regulates cancer metastasis in various types of cancer and other carcinogenic associated factors such as oxidative stress, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Overall, from the reported studies and outcomes, it could be realized that BACH1 is a potential pharmacological target for discovering new therapeutic anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abirami Arunachalam
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620024, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Lakshmanan
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620024, India
| | - Guna Ravichandran
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620024, India
| | - Soumi Paul
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620024, India
| | - Sivakumar Manickam
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Palanirajan Vijayaraj Kumar
- Department (Pharmaceutical Technology), Faculty of Pharmacy, UCSI University, South Campus, Taman Connaught, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sivasudha Thilagar
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620024, India.
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12
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Tan Z, Wu L, Fang Y, Chen P, Wan R, Shen Y, Hu J, Jiang Z, Hong K. Systemic Bioinformatic Analyses of Nuclear-Encoded Mitochondrial Genes in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Front Genet 2021; 12:670787. [PMID: 34054926 PMCID: PMC8150003 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.670787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an autosomal dominant disease and mitochondria plays a key role in the progression in HCM. Here, we analyzed the expression pattern of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes (NMGenes) in HCM and found that the expression of NMGenes was significantly changed. A total of 316 differentially expressed NMGenes (DE-NMGenes) were identified. Pathway enrichment analyses showed that energy metabolism-related pathways such as "pyruvate metabolism" and "fatty acid degradation" were dysregulated, which highlighted the importance of energy metabolism in HCM. Next, we constructed a protein-protein interaction network based on 316 DE-NMGenes and identified thirteen hubs. Then, a total of 17 TFs (transcription factors) were predicted to potentially regulate the expression of 316 DE-NMGenes according to iRegulon, among which 8 TFs were already found involved in pathological hypertrophy. The remaining TFs (like GATA1, GATA5, and NFYA) were good candidates for further experimental verification. Finally, a mouse model of transverse aortic constriction (TAC) was established to validate the genes and results showed that DDIT4, TKT, CLIC1, DDOST, and SNCA were all upregulated in TAC mice. The present study represents the first effort to evaluate the global expression pattern of NMGenes in HCM and provides innovative insight into the molecular mechanism of HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaochong Tan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Limeng Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yan Fang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Pingshan Chen
- Department of Science and Technology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Rong Wan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yang Shen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianping Hu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhenhong Jiang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Kui Hong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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13
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A Novel Therapeutic Target, BACH1, Regulates Cancer Metabolism. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030634. [PMID: 33809182 PMCID: PMC8001775 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BTB domain and CNC homology 1 (BACH1) is a transcription factor that is highly expressed in tumors including breast and lung, relative to their non-tumor tissues. BACH1 is known to regulate multiple physiological processes including heme homeostasis, oxidative stress response, senescence, cell cycle, and mitosis. In a tumor, BACH1 promotes invasion and metastasis of cancer cells, and the expression of BACH1 presents a poor outcome for cancer patients including breast and lung cancer patients. Recent studies identified novel functional roles of BACH1 in the regulation of metabolic pathways in cancer cells. BACH1 inhibits mitochondrial metabolism through transcriptional suppression of mitochondrial membrane genes. In addition, BACH1 suppresses activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), a key enzyme that converts pyruvate to acetyl-CoA for the citric acid (TCA) cycle through transcriptional activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK). Moreover, BACH1 increases glucose uptake and lactate secretion through the expression of metabolic enzymes involved such as hexokinase 2 (HK2) and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) for aerobic glycolysis. Pharmacological or genetic inhibition of BACH1 could reprogram by increasing mitochondrial metabolism, subsequently rendering metabolic vulnerability of cancer cells against mitochondrial respiratory inhibition. Furthermore, inhibition of BACH1 decreased antioxidant-induced glycolysis rates as well as reduced migration and invasion of cancer cells, suggesting BACH1 as a potentially useful cancer therapeutic target.
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14
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Yusoff FM, Maruhashi T, Kawano KI, Nakashima A, Chayama K, Tashiro S, Igarashi K, Higashi Y. Bach1 plays an important role in angiogenesis through regulation of oxidative stress. Microvasc Res 2021; 134:104126. [PMID: 33373621 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2020.104126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Bach1 is a known transcriptional repressor of the heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) gene. The purpose of this study was to determine whether angiogenesis is accelerated by genetic ablation of Bach1 in a mouse ischemic hindlimb model. Hindlimb ischemia was surgically induced in wild-type (WT) mice, Bach1-deficient (Bach1-/-) mice, apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice, and Bach1/ApoE double-knockout (Bach1-/-/ApoE-/-) mice. Blood flow recovery after hindlimb ischemia showed significant improvement in Bach1-/- mice compared with that in WT mice. Bach1-/-/ApoE-/- mice showed significantly improved blood flow recovery compared with that in ApoE-/- mice to the level of that in WT mice. Migration of endothelial cells in ApoE-/- mice was significantly decreased compared with that in WT mice. Migration of endothelial cells significantly increased in Bach1-/-/ApoE-/- mice compared with that in ApoE-/- mice to the level of that in WT mice. The expression levels of HO-1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator-1α, angiopoietin 1, and fibroblast growth factor 2 in endothelial cells isolated from Bach1-/-/ApoE-/- mice were significantly higher than those in ApoE-/- mice. Oxidative stress assessed by anti-acrolein antibody staining in ischemic tissues and urinary 8-isoPGF2α excretion were significantly increased in ApoE-/- mice compared with those in WT and Bach1-/- mice. Oxidative stress was reduced in Bach1-/-/ApoE-/- mice compared with that in ApoE-/- mice. These findings suggest that genetic ablation of Bach1 plays an important role in ischemia-induced angiogenesis under the condition of increased oxidative stress. Bach1 could be a potential therapeutic target to reduce oxidative stress and potentially improve angiogenesis for patients with peripheral arterial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farina Mohamad Yusoff
- Department of Cardiovascular Regeneration and Medicine, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Maruhashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Regeneration and Medicine, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ki-Ichiro Kawano
- Division of Regeneration and Medicine, Medical Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ayumu Nakashima
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Chayama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tashiro
- Department of Cellular Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Igarashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukihito Higashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Regeneration and Medicine, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Division of Regeneration and Medicine, Medical Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.
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15
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Madeddu P. Cell therapy for the treatment of heart disease: Renovation work on the broken heart is still in progress. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 164:206-222. [PMID: 33421587 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.12.444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to be the number one killer in the aging population. Heart failure (HF) is also an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). Novel therapeutic approaches that could restore stable heart function are much needed in both paediatric and adult patients. Regenerative medicine holds promises to provide definitive solutions for correction of congenital and acquired cardiac defects. In this review article, we recap some important aspects of cardiovascular cell therapy. First, we report quantifiable data regarding the scientific advancements in the field and how this has been translated into tangible outcomes according clinical studies and related meta-analyses. We then comment on emerging trends and technologies, such as the use of second-generation cell products, including pericyte-like vascular progenitors, and reprogramming of cells by different approaches including modulation of oxidative stress. The more affordable and feasible strategy of repurposing clinically available drugs to awaken the intrinsic healing potential of the heart will be discussed in the light of current social, financial, and ethical context. Cell therapy remains a work in progress field. Uncertainty in the ability of the experts and policy makers to solve urgent medical problems is growing in a world that is significantly influenced by them. This is particularly true in the field of regenerative medicine, due to great public expectations, polarization of leadership and funding, and insufficient translational vision. Cardiovascular regenerative medicine should be contextualized in a holistic program with defined priorities to allow a complete realization. Reshaping the notion of medical expertise is fundamental to fill the current gap in translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Madeddu
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Upper Maudlin Street, BS28HW, Bristol, United Kingdom.
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16
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Hahn D, Shin SH, Bae JS. Natural Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Compounds in Foodstuff or Medicinal Herbs Inducing Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1191. [PMID: 33260980 PMCID: PMC7761319 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an inducible antioxidant enzyme that catalyzes heme group degradation. Decreased level of HO-1 is correlated with disease progression, and HO-1 induction suppresses development of metabolic and neurological disorders. Natural compounds with antioxidant activities have emerged as a rich source of HO-1 inducers with marginal toxicity. Here we discuss the therapeutic role of HO-1 in obesity, hypertension, atherosclerosis, Parkinson's disease and hepatic fibrosis, and present important signaling pathway components that lead to HO-1 expression. We provide an updated, comprehensive list of natural HO-1 inducers in foodstuff and medicinal herbs categorized by their chemical structures. Based on the continued research in HO-1 signaling pathways and rapid development of their natural inducers, HO-1 may serve as a preventive and therapeutic target for metabolic and neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyup Hahn
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Seung Ho Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea;
| | - Jong-Sup Bae
- College of Pharmacy, CMRI, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
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17
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Qian Y, Gao C, Zhao X, Song Y, Luo H, An S, Huang J, Zhang J, Jiang R. Fingolimod Attenuates Lung Injury and Cardiac Dysfunction after Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2020; 37:2131-2140. [PMID: 32434456 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2019.6951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and cardiac dysfunction are common in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients and always indicate poor outcomes. Inflammatory responses play important roles in TBI-induced cardiac and pulmonary damage. Fingolimod, an immunomodulatory agent, alleviates brain edema, restores the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and improves functional deficits by inhibiting multiple inflammatory responses. Fingolimod (1 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally at 2 h after the controlled cortical impact (CCI) model was established in adult male mice. The concentration of inflammatory cytokines in the lung and heart after TBI was measured with a cytokine array. The lung wet/dry weight ratio and Evans blue dye leakage were used to quantify pulmonary edema and capillary leakage. Immunofluorescence, electron microscopy, and echocardiographic examination were used to assess the pathology and functional deficits in hearts. We found that TBI caused significant heart and lung damage. The administration of fingolimod significantly reduced the elevated inflammatory cytokine production, neutrophil infiltration, the leakage of protein in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and the wet/dry weight ratio in lung tissue at 3 days after TBI. In addition, fingolimod treatment also alleviated the inflammatory response in the heart; decreased cardiac apoptosis, fibrosis, and histological microstructural changes; and improved cardiac function from 3 days after TBI and maintained it for 30 days after TBI as measured by echocardiography. These results suggest that TBI resulted in significant cardiac and pulmonary damage accompanied by significant inflammatory responses in heart and lung tissue. Fingolimod treatment reduced the inflammatory response and alleviated TBI-induced lung and heart injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Qian
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
| | - Chuang Gao
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Yiming Song
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongliang Luo
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuo An
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinhao Huang
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianning Zhang
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Rongcai Jiang
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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18
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Yan T, Chen Z, Chopp M, Venkat P, Zacharek A, Li W, Shen Y, Wu R, Li L, Landschoot-Ward J, Lu M, Hank KH, Zhang J, Chen J. Inflammatory responses mediate brain-heart interaction after ischemic stroke in adult mice. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2020; 40:1213-1229. [PMID: 30465612 PMCID: PMC7238382 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x18813317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Stroke induces cardiac dysfunction which increases post stroke mortality and morbidity particularly in aging population. Here, we investigated the effects of inflammatory responses as underlying mediators of cardiac dysfunction after stroke in adult mice. Adult (eight-to-nine months) male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to photothrombotic stroke. To test whether immunoresponse to stroke leads to cardiac dysfunction, splenectomy was performed with stroke. Immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, PCR, ELISA and echocardiography were performed. We found marginal cardiac dysfunction at acute phase and significant cardiac dysfunction at chronic phase of stroke as indicated by significant decrease of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and shortening fraction (LVSF). Stroke significantly increases macrophage infiltration into the heart and increases IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-1, TGF-β and macrophage-associated inflammatory cytokine levels in the heart as well as induces cardiac-fibrosis and hypertrophy. Splenectomy with stroke significantly reduces macrophage infiltration into heart, decreases inflammatory factor expression in the heart, decreases cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, as well as significantly improves cardiac function compared to non-splenectomized adult stroke mice. Therefore, cerebral ischemic stroke in adult mice induces chronic cardiac dysfunction and secondary immune response may contribute to post stroke cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yan
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical
University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhili Chen
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical
University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
- Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit,
MI, USA
| | - Michael Chopp
- Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit,
MI, USA
- Department of Physics, Oakland
University, Rochester, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Wei Li
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical
University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
- Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit,
MI, USA
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical
University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
- Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit,
MI, USA
| | - Ruixia Wu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical
University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Linlin Li
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical
University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Mei Lu
- Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford
Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Kuan-Han Hank
- Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford
Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Jianning Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical
University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin
Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key
Laboratory of Post-Neurotrauma Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous
System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
| | - Jieli Chen
- Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit,
MI, USA
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19
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Hu H, Zhao Q, Liu X, Yan T. Human umbilical cord blood cells rescued traumatic brain injury-induced cardiac and neurological deficits. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:278. [PMID: 32355722 PMCID: PMC7186665 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.03.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) evokes neurological deficits and induces cardiac dysfunction. Treatment with human umbilical cord blood cells (HUCBCs) represents a potential therapeutic strategy for TBI-induced neurological deficits. The present study aimed to determine whether HUCBCs could ameliorate the cardiac dysfunction and neurological deficits induced by TBI. Methods Adult male C57BL/6J mice were subjected to controlled cortical impact (CCI)-induced TBI and were treated with either HUCBCs (1×106) or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), via tail vein injections, 3 days after TBI. Neurological and cognitive functions were subsequently evaluated at multiple time points after TBI and cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography 3 and 30 days after TBI. Brain and heart tissues were paraffin-embedded 30 days after TBI. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was performed on brain tissue sections to calculate the brain damage volume, and Picro Sirius Red (PSR) staining was performed on heart tissue sections to evaluate myocardial fibrosis. Terminal deoxynucleotide transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining was employed to assess cell apoptosis 30 days after TBI. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX2) levels were assessed to evaluate inflammation and oxidative stress levels 30 days after TBI. Results TBI elicited acute and chronic cardiac deficits, identified by decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and fractional shortening (LVFS) values 3 and 30 days after TBI, in addition to neurological and cognitive deficits. TBI mice treated with HUCBCs exhibited enhanced LVEF and FS values 30 days after TBI compared with untreated TBI controls. HUCBC treatment significantly improved neurological and cognitive functions and reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and cardiac fibrosis in heart tissues 30 days after TBI. Conclusions TBI induced both neurological deficits and cardiac dysfunction in mice, which were ameliorated by HUCBC treatment. The anti-inflammatory activities of HUCBCs may contribute to these observed therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Hu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neurotrauma, Neurorepair, and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neurotrauma, Neurorepair, and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neurotrauma, Neurorepair, and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Tao Yan
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neurotrauma, Neurorepair, and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin 300052, China
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20
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Tsuneyoshi T. BACH1 mediates the antioxidant properties of aged garlic extract. Exp Ther Med 2019; 19:1500-1503. [PMID: 32010329 PMCID: PMC6966178 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In clinical studies, aged garlic extract (AGE) has been shown to improve endothelial dysfunction. The activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2 like 2 (Nrf2)-dependent gene expression is a proposed mechanism for maintaining vascular homeostasis. S-1-propenylcysteine (S1PC) and S-allylcysteine (SAC) are two predominant sulfur-containing amino acids present in AGE. However, it remains unclear as to whether the two sulfur amino acids activate Nrf2 in cells. Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signaling molecule and one of the activators of the Nrf2 pathway. In a previous study, we examined the effects of the two sulfur amino acids on NO signaling for modulating the Nrf2-dependent antioxidant response. Neither S1PC nor SAC were found to affect the expression of Nrf2-regulated genes, such as heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. However, S1PC was found to augment HMOX1 expression, induced by NO donors, such as NOR3. NOR3 was found to induce the nuclear accumulation of NRF2 protein and concomitantly enhance the degradation of BTB domain and CNC homolog 1 (BACH1), a transcriptional repressor that competes with NRF2. Notably, on our previous study, S1PC enhanced the NOR3-induced downregulation of BACH1, but did not further enhance the NOR3-induced accumulation of NRF2. The findings of that study indicated that the S1PC-induced degradation of BACH1 may provide a basis for the antioxidant effects of AGE. Thus, in this review, we aimed to provide a current overview of the antioxidant effects of AGE and sulfur-containing amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadamitsu Tsuneyoshi
- Central Research Institute, Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Akitakata, Hiroshima 739-1195, Japan
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21
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Gbotosho OT, Ghosh S, Kapetanaki MG, Lin Y, Weidert F, Bullock GC, Ofori-Acquah SF, Kato GJ. Cardiac expression of HMOX1 and PGF in sickle cell mice and haem-treated wild type mice dominates organ expression profiles via Nrf2 (Nfe2l2). Br J Haematol 2019; 187:666-675. [PMID: 31389006 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.16129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Haemolysis is a major feature of sickle cell disease (SCD) that contributes to organ damage. It is well established that haem, a product of haemolysis, induces expression of the enzyme that degrades it, haem oxygenase-1 (HMOX1). We have also shown that haem induces expression of placental growth factor (PGF), but the organ specificity of these responses has not been well-defined. As expected, we found high level expression of Hmox1 and Pgf transcripts in the reticuloendothelial system organs of transgenic sickle cell mice, but surprisingly strong expression in the heart (P < 0·0001). This pattern was largely replicated in wild type mice by intravenous injection of exogenous haem. In the heart, haem induced unexpectedly strong mRNA responses for Hmox1 (18-fold), Pgf (4-fold), and the haem transporter Slc48a1 (also termed Hrg1; 2·4-fold). This was comparable to the liver, the principal known haem-detoxifying organ. The NFE2L2 (also termed NRF2) transcription factor mediated much of the haem induction of Hmox1 and Hrg1 in all organs, but less so for Pgf. Our results indicate that the heart expresses haem response pathway genes at surprisingly high basal levels and shares with the liver a similar transcriptional response to circulating haem. The role of the heart in haem response should be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwabukola T Gbotosho
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Samit Ghosh
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Center for Translational and International Hematology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Maria G Kapetanaki
- Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yu Lin
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Frances Weidert
- Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Grant C Bullock
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Solomon F Ofori-Acquah
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Center for Translational and International Hematology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Gregory J Kato
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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22
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Duerr GD, Heinemann JC, Kley J, Eichhorn L, Frede S, Weisheit C, Wehner S, Bindila L, Lutz B, Zimmer A, Dewald O. Myocardial maladaptation to pressure overload in CB2 receptor-deficient mice. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 133:86-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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23
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Gao F, Qiang H, Fan XJ, Xue Q, Bai L. Higher serum total bilirubin predicts high risk of 3-year adverse outcomes in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2019; 15:811-821. [PMID: 31308679 PMCID: PMC6612951 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s203433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Previous research findings on the association between serum total bilirubin (TB) and cardiovascular events varied with different study populations. Our objective was to clarify the association between serum TB at admission and long-term adverse outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and stable angina (SA) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Patients and methods: This prospective cohort study included 2,502 patients who underwent PCI. Information on the study population was obtained from the Dryad Digital Repository. The patients were divided into two groups: high (>0.60 mg/dL) and low TB groups (≤0.60 mg/dL) based on the optimal cutoff value achieved in the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The relationships between serum TB at admission and clinical outcomes after PCI were analyzed in multivariable logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline. Results: In all patients undergoing PCI, TB>0.60 mg/dL was associated with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and cardiovascular death during a 3-year follow-up. The odds ratio (95% confidence interval) was 1.60 (1.22–2.10) and 1.81 (1.22–2.70) for MACE and cardiovascular death, respectively. The association between TB and MACE was not altered by clinical presentation (p for interaction=0.949). Conclusion: In patients with ACS and SA undergoing PCI, elevated serum TB was associated with increased risk of MACE and cardiovascular death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Gao
- Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Qiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Juan Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Xue
- Institut des Sciences de la Terre, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Saint-Martin-d'Hères, France
| | - Ling Bai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
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24
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Antunes JC, Benarroch L, Moraes FC, Juenet M, Gross MS, Aubart M, Boileau C, Caligiuri G, Nicoletti A, Ollivier V, Chaubet F, Letourneur D, Chauvierre C. Core-Shell Polymer-Based Nanoparticles Deliver miR-155-5p to Endothelial Cells. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 17:210-222. [PMID: 31265949 PMCID: PMC6610682 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure occurs in over 30% of the worldwide population and most commonly originates from cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction. microRNAs (miRNAs) target and silence specific mRNAs, thereby regulating gene expression. Because the endogenous miR-155-5p has been ascribed to vasculoprotection, loading it onto positively charged, core-shell poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) (PIBCA)-polysaccharide nanoparticles (NPs) was attempted. NPs showed a decrease (p < 0.0001) in surface electrical charge (ζ potential), with negligible changes in size or shape when loaded with the anionic miR-155-5p. Presence of miR-155-5p in loaded NPs was further quantified. Cytocompatibility up to 100 μg/mL of NPs for 2 days with human coronary artery endothelial cells (hCAECs) was documented. NPs were able to enter hCAECs and were localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Expression of miR-155-5p was increased within the cells by 75-fold after 4 hours of incubation (p < 0.05) and was still noticeable at day 2. Differences between loaded NP-cultured cells and free miRNA, at days 1 (p < 0.05) and 2 (p < 0.001) suggest the ability of prolonged load release in physiological conditions. Expression of miR-155-5p downstream target BACH1 was decreased in the cells by 4-fold after 1 day of incubation (p < 0.05). This study is a first proof of concept that miR-155-5p can be loaded onto NPs and remain intact and biologically active in endothelial cells (ECs). These nanosystems could potentially increase an endogenous cytoprotective response and decrease damage within infarcted hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana C Antunes
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Louise Benarroch
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Fernanda C Moraes
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Maya Juenet
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Sylvie Gross
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Mélodie Aubart
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Catherine Boileau
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Giuseppina Caligiuri
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Antonino Nicoletti
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Véronique Ollivier
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Chaubet
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Didier Letourneur
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Cédric Chauvierre
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Université Paris 13, 75018 Paris, France.
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25
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Zhao Y, Wang C, Hong X, Miao J, Liao Y, Hou FF, Zhou L, Liu Y. Wnt/β-catenin signaling mediates both heart and kidney injury in type 2 cardiorenal syndrome. Kidney Int 2019; 95:815-829. [PMID: 30770217 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In type 2 cardiorenal syndrome, chronic heart failure is thought to cause or promote chronic kidney disease; however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. We investigated the role of Wnt signaling in heart and kidney injury in a mouse model of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). At 8 weeks after TAC, cardiac hypertrophy, inflammation, and fibrosis were prominent, and echocardiography confirmed impaired cardiac function. The cardiac lesions were accompanied by upregulation of multiple Wnt ligands and activation of β-catenin, as well as activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Wnt3a induced multiple components of the RAS in primary cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts in vitro. TAC also caused proteinuria and kidney fibrosis, accompanied by klotho depletion and β-catenin activation in the kidney. Pharmacologic blockade of β-catenin with a small molecule inhibitor or the RAS with losartan ameliorated cardiac injury, restored heart function, and mitigated the renal lesions. Serum from TAC mice was sufficient to activate β-catenin and trigger tubular cell injury in vitro, indicating a role for circulating factors. Multiple inflammatory cytokines were upregulated in the circulation of TAC mice, and tumor necrosis factor-α was able to inhibit klotho, induce β-catenin activation, and cause tubular cell injury in vitro. These studies identify Wnt/β-catenin signaling as a common pathogenic mediator of heart and kidney injury in type 2 cardiorenal syndrome after TAC. Targeting this pathway could be a promising therapeutic strategy to protect both organs in cardiorenal syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinhua Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yulin Liao
- Division of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Fan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lili Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
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26
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Li X, Sun Y, Huang S, Chen Y, Chen X, Li M, Si X, He X, Zheng H, Zhong L, Yang Y, Liao W, Liao Y, Chen G, Bin J. Inhibition of AZIN2-sv induces neovascularization and improves prognosis after myocardial infarction by blocking ubiquitin-dependent talin1 degradation and activating the Akt pathway. EBioMedicine 2018; 39:69-82. [PMID: 30545799 PMCID: PMC6355659 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously found that loss of lncRNA-AZIN2 splice variant (AZIN2-sv) increases cardiomyocyte (CM) proliferation and attenuates adverse ventricular remodelling post-myocardial infarction (MI). However, whether inhibition of AZIN2-sv can simultaneously induce angiogenesis and thus improve prognosis after MI is unclear. METHODS We used in situ hybridization and quantitative PCR to determine AZIN2-sv expression in endothelial cells. Knockdown and overexpression were performed to detect the role of AZIN2-sv in endothelial cell function, angiogenesis and prognosis after MI. RNA pulldown, RNA immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays were used to determine the interaction with talin1 (Tln1) protein and miRNA-214 (miR-214). DNA pulldown and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays were used to study AZIN2-sv binding to upstream transcription factors. FINDINGS AZIN2-sv was enriched in cardiac endothelial cells. The loss of AZIN2-sv reduced endothelial cell apoptosis and promoted endothelial sprouting and capillary network formation in vitro. Moreover, in vivo, the loss of AZIN2-sv induced angiogenesis and improved cardiac function after MI. Mechanistically, AZIN2-sv reduced Tln1 and integrin β1 (ITGB1) protein levels to inhibit neovascularization. AZIN2-sv activated the ubiquitination-dependent degradation of Tln1 mediated by proteasome 26S subunit ATPase 5 (PSMC5). In addition, AZIN2-sv could bind to miR-214 and suppress the phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN)/Akt pathway to inhibit angiogenesis. With regard to the upstream mechanism, Bach1, a negative regulator of angiogenesis, bound to the promoter of AZIN2-sv and increased its expression. INTERPRETATION Bach1-activated AZIN2-sv could participate in angiogenesis by promoting the PSMC5-mediated ubiquitination-dependent degradation of Tln1 and blocking the miR-214/PTEN/Akt pathway. Inhibition of AZIN2-sv induced angiogenesis and myocardial regeneration simultaneously, thus, AZIN2-sv could be an ideal therapeutic target for improving myocardial repair after MI. FUND: National Natural Science Foundations of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhong Li
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yili Sun
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Senlin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanmei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengsha Li
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Si
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang He
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lintao Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wangjun Liao
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yulin Liao
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guojun Chen
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China..
| | - Jianping Bin
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China..
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Hypertension exaggerates renovascular resistance via miR-122-associated stress response in aging. J Hypertens 2018; 36:2226-2236. [DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000001770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Bach1: Function, Regulation, and Involvement in Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:1347969. [PMID: 30370001 PMCID: PMC6189649 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1347969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor BTB and CNC homology 1 (Bach1) is widely expressed in most mammalian tissues and functions primarily as a transcriptional suppressor by heterodimerizing with small Maf proteins and binding to Maf recognition elements in the promoters of targeted genes. It has a key regulatory role in the production of reactive oxygen species, cell cycle, heme homeostasis, hematopoiesis, and immunity and has been shown to suppress ischemic angiogenesis and promote breast cancer metastasis. This review summarizes how Bach1 controls these and other cellular and physiological and pathological processes. Bach1 expression and function differ between different cell types. Thus, therapies designed to manipulate Bach1 expression will need to be tightly controlled and tailored for each specific disease state or cell type.
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Zhao Q, Yan T, Li L, Chopp M, Venkat P, Qian Y, Li R, Wu R, Li W, Lu M, Zhang T, Chen J. Immune Response Mediates Cardiac Dysfunction after Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2018; 36:619-629. [PMID: 30045672 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2018.5766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular complications are common after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. In this study, we investigated the possible role of the immune system in mediating cardiac dysfunction post-TBI in mice. Adult male C57BL/6J mice were subjected to a TBI model of controlled cortical impact (CCI) with or without splenectomy (n = 20/group). Splenectomy was performed immediately prior to induction of TBI. Cardiac function was measured using echocardiography prior to and after TBI. Neurological and cognitive functional tests and flow cytometry and immunostaining were performed. TBI mice exhibited significant cardiac dysfunction identified by decreased left ventricular ejection fraction and fractional shortening at 3 and 30 days post-TBI. In addition, these mice exhibited significantly increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress at 3 and 30 days post-TBI, as well as cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis and ventricular dilatation at 30 days after TBI. TBI mice subjected to splenectomy showed significantly improved cardiac function, and decreased cardiac fibrosis, oxidative stress, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and infiltration of immune cells and inflammatory factor expression in the heart compared with TBI control mice. TBI mice exhibited severe neurological and cognitive function deficits. However, splenectomy did not improve neurological and cognitive functional outcome after TBI compared with the TBI control group. TBI induces immune cell infiltration and inflammatory factor expression in the heart as well as cardiac dysfunction. Splenectomy decreases heart inflammation and improves cardiac function after TBI. Immune response may contribute to TBI-induced cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhao
- 1 Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin, China .,2 Tianjin Neurological Institute , Neurology, Key Laboratory of Post Neurotrauma Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Yan
- 1 Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin, China .,2 Tianjin Neurological Institute , Neurology, Key Laboratory of Post Neurotrauma Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
| | - Linlin Li
- 1 Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin, China .,2 Tianjin Neurological Institute , Neurology, Key Laboratory of Post Neurotrauma Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
| | - Michael Chopp
- 3 Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital , Detroit, Michigan.,4 Department of Physics, Oakland University , Rochester, Michigan
| | - Poornima Venkat
- 3 Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital , Detroit, Michigan
| | - Yu Qian
- 1 Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin, China .,2 Tianjin Neurological Institute , Neurology, Key Laboratory of Post Neurotrauma Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
| | - Ran Li
- 1 Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin, China .,2 Tianjin Neurological Institute , Neurology, Key Laboratory of Post Neurotrauma Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruixia Wu
- 1 Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin, China .,2 Tianjin Neurological Institute , Neurology, Key Laboratory of Post Neurotrauma Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Li
- 1 Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin, China .,2 Tianjin Neurological Institute , Neurology, Key Laboratory of Post Neurotrauma Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China .,3 Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital , Detroit, Michigan
| | - Mei Lu
- 5 Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Hospital , Detroit, Michigan
| | - Talan Zhang
- 5 Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Hospital , Detroit, Michigan
| | - Jieli Chen
- 3 Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital , Detroit, Michigan
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Cheng Y, Gong Y, Qian S, Mou Y, Li H, Chen X, Kong H, Xie W, Wang H, Zhang Y, Huang Z. Identification of a Novel Hybridization from Isosorbide 5-Mononitrate and Bardoxolone Methyl with Dual Activities of Pulmonary Vasodilation and Vascular Remodeling Inhibition on Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Rats. J Med Chem 2018; 61:1474-1482. [PMID: 29377691 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Cheng
- Department
of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P. R. China
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hui Kong
- Department
of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P. R. China
| | - Weiping Xie
- Department
of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P. R. China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department
of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P. R. China
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31
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Johnson ACM, Delrow JJ, Zager RA. Tin protoporphyrin activates the oxidant-dependent NRF2-cytoprotective pathway and mitigates acute kidney injury. Transl Res 2017; 186:1-18. [PMID: 28586635 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Tin protoporphyrin (SnPP), a heme oxygenase (HO) inhibitor, can paradoxically protect against diverse forms of acute kidney injury (AKI). This study sought potential underlying mechanisms. CD-1 mice received intravenous SnPP, followed 4-18 hours later by a variety of renal biochemical, histologic, and genomic assessments. Renal resistance to ischemic-reperfusion injury (IRI) was also sought. SnPP was rapidly taken up by kidney and was confined to proximal tubules. Transient suppression of renal heme synthesis (decreased δ aminolevulinic acid synthase expression), a 2.5-fold increase in "catalytic" Fe levels and oxidant stress resulted (decreased glutathione; increased malondialdehyde, and protein carbonyl content). Nrf2 nuclear translocation (∼2x Nrf2 increase; detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blotting), with corresponding activation of ∼20 Nrf2-sensitive genes (RNA-Seq) were observed. By 18 hours after SnPP injection, marked protection against IRI emerged. This represented "preconditioning", not a direct SnPP effect, given that SnPP administered at the time of IRI exerted no protective effect. The importance of transient oxidant stress in SnPP "preconditioning" was exemplified by the following: (1) oxidant stress induced by a different mechanism (myoglobin injection) recapitulated SnPP's protective action; (2) GSH treatment blunted SnPP's protective influence; (3) SnPP raised cytoprotective heavy chain ferritin (Fhc), a response enhanced by exogenous Fe injection; and (4) SnCl2, a ∼35- to 50-fold HO-1 inducer (not inhibitor) evoked neither oxidant stress nor mitigated IRI (seemingly excluding HO-1 activity in SnPP's protective effect). SnPP specifically accumulates within proximal tubule cells; transient "catalytic" Fe overload and oxidative stress result; Nrf2-cytoprotective pathways are upregulated; and these changes help protect against ischemic AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeff J Delrow
- The Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Wash
| | - Richard A Zager
- The Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Wash; The University of Washington, Seattle, Wash.
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Otterbein LE, Foresti R, Motterlini R. Heme Oxygenase-1 and Carbon Monoxide in the Heart: The Balancing Act Between Danger Signaling and Pro-Survival. Circ Res 2017; 118:1940-1959. [PMID: 27283533 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.306588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the processes governing the ability of the heart to repair and regenerate after injury is crucial for developing translational medical solutions. New avenues of exploration include cardiac cell therapy and cellular reprogramming targeting cell death and regeneration. An attractive possibility is the exploitation of cytoprotective genes that exist solely for self-preservation processes and serve to promote and support cell survival. Although the antioxidant and heat-shock proteins are included in this category, one enzyme that has received a great deal of attention as a master protective sentinel is heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), the rate-limiting step in the catabolism of heme into the bioactive signaling molecules carbon monoxide, biliverdin, and iron. The remarkable cardioprotective effects ascribed to heme oxygenase-1 are best evidenced by its ability to regulate inflammatory processes, cellular signaling, and mitochondrial function ultimately mitigating myocardial tissue injury and the progression of vascular-proliferative disease. We discuss here new insights into the role of heme oxygenase-1 and heme on cardiovascular health, and importantly, how they might be leveraged to promote heart repair after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo E Otterbein
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Roberta Foresti
- Inserm, U955, Equipe 12, Créteil, 94000, France.,University Paris Est, Faculty of Medicine, Créteil, 94000, France
| | - Roberto Motterlini
- Inserm, U955, Equipe 12, Créteil, 94000, France.,University Paris Est, Faculty of Medicine, Créteil, 94000, France
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33
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Huang FY, Peng Y, Huang BT, Yang Y, Pu XB, Chen SJ, Gui YY, Xia TL, Chen F, Liu RS, Zhu Y, Chen M. The correlation between serum total bilirubin and outcomes in patients with different subtypes of coronary artery disease. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 465:101-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2016.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Revised: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Chen J, Cui C, Yang X, Xu J, Venkat P, Zacharek A, Yu P, Chopp M. MiR-126 Affects Brain-Heart Interaction after Cerebral Ischemic Stroke. Transl Stroke Res 2017; 8:374-385. [PMID: 28101763 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-017-0520-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are approximately three times higher in patients with neurological deficits than in patients without neurological deficits. MicroRNA-126 (MiR-126) facilitates vascular remodeling and decreases fibrosis and is emerging as an important factor in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and cerebral stroke. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that decreased miR-126 after ischemic stroke may play an important role in regulating cardiac function. Wild-type (WT), specific conditional-knockout endothelial cell miR-126 (miR-126EC-/-), and miR-126 knockout control (miR-126fl/fl) mice were subjected to distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (dMCAo) (n = 10/group). Cardiac hemodynamics and function were measured using transthoracic Doppler echocardiography. Mice were sacrificed at 28 days after dMCAo. WT mice subjected to stroke exhibited significantly decreased cardiac ejection fraction and increased myocyte hypertrophy, fibrosis as well as increased heart inflammation, infiltrating macrophages, and oxidative stress compared to non-stroke animals. Stroke significantly decreased serum and heart miR-126 expression and increased miR-126 target genes, vascular cell adhesion protein-1, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 gene, and protein expression in the heart compared to non-stroke mice. MiR-126EC-/- mice exhibited significantly decreased cardiac function and increased cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, fibrosis, and inflammatory factor expression after stroke compared to miR-126fl/fl stroke mice. Exosomes derived from endothelial cells of miR-126EC-/- (miR-126EC-/-EC-Exo) mice exhibited significantly decreased miR-126 expression than exosomes derived from miR-126fl/fl (miR-126fl/fl-EC-Exo) mice. Treatment of cardiomyocytes subjected to oxygen glucose deprivation with miR-126fl/fl-EC-Exo exhibited significantly decreased hypertrophy than with miR-126EC-/-EC-Exo treatment. Ischemic stroke directly induces cardiac dysfunction. Decreasing miR-126 expression may contribute to cardiac dysfunction after stroke in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieli Chen
- Henry Ford Hospital Neurology, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA. .,Gerontology Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
| | | | - Xiaoping Yang
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Jiang Xu
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | | | - Alex Zacharek
- Henry Ford Hospital Neurology, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Peng Yu
- Henry Ford Hospital Neurology, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Michael Chopp
- Henry Ford Hospital Neurology, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.,Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, 48309, USA
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Ware MJ, Keshishian V, Law JJ, Ho JC, Favela CA, Rees P, Smith B, Mohammad S, Hwang RF, Rajapakshe K, Coarfa C, Huang S, Edwards DP, Corr SJ, Godin B, Curley SA. Generation of an in vitro 3D PDAC stroma rich spheroid model. Biomaterials 2016; 108:129-42. [PMID: 27627810 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by a prominent desmoplastic/stromal reaction, which contributes to the poor clinical outcome of this disease. Therefore, greater understanding of the stroma development and tumor-stroma interactions is highly required. Pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) are myofibroblast-like cells located in exocrine areas of the pancreas, which as a result of inflammation produced by PDAC migrate and accumulate in the tumor mass, secreting extracellular matrix components and producing the dense PDAC stroma. Currently, only a few orthotopic or ectopic animal tumor models, where PDAC cells are injected into the pancreas or subcutaneous tissue layer, or genetically engineered animals offer tumors that encompass some stromal component. Herein, we report generation of a simple 3D PDAC in vitro micro-tumor model without an addition of external extracellular matrix, which encompasses a rich, dense and active stromal compartment. We have achieved this in vitro model by incorporating PSCs into 3D PDAC cell culture using a modified hanging drop method. It is now known that PSCs are the principal source of fibrosis in the stroma and interact closely with cancer cells to create a tumor facilitatory environment that stimulates local and distant tumor growth. The 3D micro-stroma models are highly reproducible with excellent uniformity, which can be used for PDAC-stroma interaction analysis and high throughput automated drug-screening assays. Additionally, the increased expression of collagenous regions means that molecular based perfusion and cytostaticity of gemcitabine is decreased in our Pancreatic adenocarcinoma stroma spheroids (PDAC-SS) model when compared to spheroids grown without PSCs. We believe this model will allow an improved knowledge of PDAC biology and has the potential to provide an insight into pathways that may be therapeutically targeted to inhibit PSC activation, thereby inhibiting the development of fibrosis in PDAC and interrupting PSC-PDAC cell interactions so as to inhibit cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Ware
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Vazrik Keshishian
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Justin J Law
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jason C Ho
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Carlos A Favela
- Department of Systems Medicine and Bio-engineering, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Paul Rees
- Department of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Billie Smith
- Pathology and Histology Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Sayeeduddin Mohammad
- Pathology and Histology Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Rosa F Hwang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kimal Rajapakshe
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Cristian Coarfa
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Shixia Huang
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Dean P Edwards
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Stuart J Corr
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Biana Godin
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Steven A Curley
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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36
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Chung SR, Yang TH, Shin HC, Jin HY, Seo JS, Jang JS, Kim DK, Kim DS, Seo GW, Song PS, Kim DK, Kim KH, Seol SH, Kim DI, Cho YK, Yoon HJ, Nam CW, Hur SH, Kim U, Park JS, Kim YJ. Initial Total Bilirubin and Clinical Outcome in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Drug-Eluting Stents. Circ J 2016; 80:1437-44. [PMID: 27151334 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-15-1397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Total bilirubin (TB) concentration is inversely associated with stable coronary artery disease, but there have been few studies on initial TB in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 1,111 consecutive patients with STEMI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents (DES) were divided into a high TB group (n=295) and a low TB group (n=816) according to the optimal cut-off 0.79 mg/dl. The high TB group had a higher rate of in-hospital major adverse cardiac events (MACE), a composite of cardiac death, non-fatal MI, and definite/probable stent thrombosis (14.2% vs. 4.2%, P<0.001) and cardiac death (13.9% vs. 3.9%, P<0.001) compared with the low TB group. The 30-day MACE-free survival rate was also significantly different between the groups (P<0.001, log-rank test). On multivariate Cox regression, initial high TB was a significant predictor of in-hospital MACE (HR, 2.69; 95% CI: 1.67-4.34, P=0.010) and of cardiac death (HR 2.72, 95% CI: 1.67-4.44, P=0.012). Adding initial TB to TIMI risk score significantly improved prediction for in-hospital MACE according to net reclassification improvement (NRI=5.2%, P=0.040) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI=0.027, P=0.006). CONCLUSIONS Initial TB is a powerful prognostic marker, and inclusion of this can improve prediction of in-hospital MACE in patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI with DES. (Circ J 2016; 80: 1437-1444).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Ryul Chung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital
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Shimura D, Kusakari Y, Sasano T, Nakashima Y, Nakai G, Jiao Q, Jin M, Yokota T, Ishikawa Y, Nakano A, Goda N, Minamisawa S. Heterozygous deletion of sarcolipin maintains normal cardiac function. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2016; 310:H92-103. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00411.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sarcolipin (SLN) is a small proteolipid and a regulator of sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase. In heart tissue, SLN is exclusively expressed in the atrium. Previously, we inserted Cre recombinase into the endogenous SLN locus by homologous recombination and succeeded in generating SLN-Cre knockin (SlnCre/+) mice. This SlnCre/+ mouse can be used to generate an atrium-specific gene-targeting mutant, and it is based on the Cre-loxP system. In the present study, we used adult SlnCre/+ mice atria and analyzed the effects of heterozygous SLN deletion by Cre knockin before use as the gene targeting mouse. Both SLN mRNA and protein levels were decreased in SlnCre/+ mouse atria, but there were no morphological, physiological, or molecular biological abnormalities. The properties of contractility and Ca2+ handling were similar to wild-type (WT) mice, and expression levels of several stress markers and sarcoplasmic reticulum-related protein levels were not different between SlnCre/+ and WT mice. Moreover, there was no significant difference in sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase activity between the two groups. We showed that SlnCre/+ mice were not significantly different from WT mice in all aspects that were examined. The present study provides basic characteristics of SlnCre/+ mice and possibly information on the usefulness of SlnCre/+ mice as an atrium-specific gene-targeting model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Shimura
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kusakari
- Department of Cell Physiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Sasano
- Department of Biofunctional Informatics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Gaku Nakai
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Qibin Jiao
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Institute of Ageing Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meihua Jin
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Yokota
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Physiology and Medicine, Molecular Biology Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Yoshihiro Ishikawa
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakano
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, California
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, California
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California; and
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Nobuhito Goda
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Susumu Minamisawa
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Cell Physiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Cominacini L, Mozzini C, Garbin U, Pasini A, Stranieri C, Solani E, Vallerio P, Tinelli IA, Fratta Pasini A. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and Nrf2 signaling in cardiovascular diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 88:233-242. [PMID: 26051167 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Various cellular perturbations implicated in the pathophysiology of human diseases, including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and liver diseases, can alter endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function and lead to the abnormal accumulation of misfolded proteins. This situation configures the so-called ER stress, a form of intracellular stress that occurs whenever the protein-folding capacity of the ER is overwhelmed. Reduction in blood flow as a result of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease causes tissue hypoxia, a condition that induces protein misfolding and ER stress. In addition, ER stress has an important role in cardiac hypertrophy mainly in the transition to heart failure (HF). ER transmembrane sensors detect the accumulation of unfolded proteins and activate transcriptional and translational pathways that deal with unfolded and misfolded proteins, known as the unfolded protein response (UPR). Once the UPR fails to control the level of unfolded and misfolded proteins in the ER, ER-initiated apoptotic signaling is induced. Furthermore, there is considerable evidence that implicates the presence of oxidative stress and subsequent related cellular damage as an initial cause of injury to the myocardium after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) and in cardiac hypertrophy secondary to pressure overload. Oxidative stress is counterbalanced by complex antioxidant defense systems regulated by a series of multiple pathways, including the UPR, to ensure that the response to oxidants is adequate. Nuclear factor-E2-related factor (Nrf2) is an emerging regulator of cellular resistance to oxidants; Nrf2 is strictly interrelated with the UPR sensor called pancreatic endoplasmic reticulum kinase. A series of studies has shown that interventions against ER stress and Nrf2 activation reduce myocardial infarct size and cardiac hypertrophy in the transition to HF in animals exposed to I/R injury and pressure overload, respectively. Finally, recent data showed that Nrf2/antioxidant-response element pathway activation may be of importance also in ischemic preconditioning, a phenomenon in which the heart is subjected to one or more episodes of nonlethal myocardial I/R before the sustained coronary artery occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Cominacini
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy.
| | - Chiara Mozzini
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Ulisse Garbin
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Andrea Pasini
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Chiara Stranieri
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Erika Solani
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Paola Vallerio
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | | | - Anna Fratta Pasini
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
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The Nrf-2/ARE–HO-1 axis: An important therapeutic approach for attenuating myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury-induced cardiac remodeling. Int J Cardiol 2015; 184:263-264. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.02.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Katada K, Takagi T, Uchiyama K, Naito Y. Therapeutic roles of carbon monoxide in intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015; 30 Suppl 1:46-52. [PMID: 25827804 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.12742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury is a complex, multifactorial, pathophysiological process with high morbidity and mortality, leading to serious difficulty in treatment. The mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of intestinal I-R injury have been examined in detail and various therapeutic approaches for intestinal I-R injury have been developed; however, existing circumstances have not yet led to a dramatic change of treatment. Carbon monoxide (CO), one of the by-products of heme degradation by heme oxygenase (HO), is considered as a candidate for treatment of intestinal I-R injury and indeed HO-1-derived endogenous CO and exogenous CO play a pivotal role in protecting the gastrointestinal tract from intestinal I-R injury. Interestingly, anti-inflammatory effects of CO have been elucidated sufficiently in various cell types including endothelial cells, circulating leukocytes, macrophages, lymphocytes, epithelial cells, fibroblast, organ-specific cells, and immune-presenting cells. In this review, we herein focus on the therapeutic roles of CO in intestinal I-R injury and the cell-specific anti-inflammatory effects of CO, clearly demonstrating future therapeutic strategies of CO for treating intestine I-R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Katada
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medial Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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42
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Naito Y, Takagi T, Higashimura Y. Heme oxygenase-1 and anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. Arch Biochem Biophys 2014; 564:83-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2014.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Igarashi K, Watanabe-Matsui M. Wearing red for signaling: the heme-bach axis in heme metabolism, oxidative stress response and iron immunology. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2014; 232:229-53. [PMID: 24681888 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.232.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The connection between gene regulation and metabolism is an old issue that warrants revisiting in order to understand both normal as well as pathogenic processes in higher eukaryotes. Metabolites affect the gene expression by either binding to transcription factors or serving as donors for post-translational modification, such as that involving acetylation and methylation. The focus of this review is heme, a prosthetic group of proteins that includes hemoglobin and cytochromes. Heme has been shown to bind to several transcription factors, including Bach1 and Bach2, in higher eukaryotes. Heme inhibits the transcriptional repressor activity of Bach1, resulting in the derepression of its target genes, such as globin in erythroid cells and heme oxygenase-1 in diverse cell types. Since Bach2 is important for class switch recombination and somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genes as well as regulatory and effector T cell differentiation and the macrophage function, the heme-Bach2 axis may regulate the immune response as a signaling cascade. We discuss future issues regarding the topic of the iron/heme-gene regulation network based on current understanding of the heme-Bach axis, including the concept of "iron immunology" as the synthesis of the iron metabolism and the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Igarashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
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Czibik G, Derumeaux G, Sawaki D, Valen G, Motterlini R. Heme oxygenase-1: an emerging therapeutic target to curb cardiac pathology. Basic Res Cardiol 2014; 109:450. [PMID: 25344086 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-014-0450-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Activation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a heme-degrading enzyme responsive to a wide range of cellular stress, is traditionally considered to convey adaptive responses to oxidative stress, inflammation and vasoconstriction. These diversified effects are achieved through the degradation of heme to carbon monoxide (CO), biliverdin (which is rapidly converted to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase) and ferric iron. Recent findings have added antiproliferative and angiogenic effects to the list of HO-1/CO actions. HO-1 along with its reaction products bilirubin and CO are protective against ischemia-induced injury (myocardial infarction, ischemia-reperfusion (IR)-injury and post-infarct structural remodelling). Moreover, HO-1, and CO in particular, possess acute antihypertensive effects. As opposed to these curative potentials, the long-believed protective effect of HO-1 in cardiac remodelling in response to pressure overload and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) has been questioned by recent work. These challenges, coupled with emerging regulatory mechanisms, motivate further in-depth studies to help understand untapped layers of HO-1 regulation and action. The outcomes of these efforts may shed new light on critical mechanisms that could be used to harness the protective potential of this enzyme for the therapeutic benefit of patients suffering from such highly prevalent cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabor Czibik
- INSERM U955, Equipe 8, Faculty of Medicine, DHU A-TVB, Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Creteil, University of Paris-Est, 3rd Floor, room 3006, Paris, France,
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Induction of heme oxygenase I (HMOX1) by HPP-4382: a novel modulator of Bach1 activity. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101044. [PMID: 25019514 PMCID: PMC4096395 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is generated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in response to metabolic activity and environmental factors. Increased oxidative stress is associated with the pathophysiology of a broad spectrum of inflammatory diseases. Cellular response to excess ROS involves the induction of antioxidant response element (ARE) genes under control of the transcriptional activator Nrf2 and the transcriptional repressor Bach1. The development of synthetic small molecules that activate the protective anti-oxidant response network is of major therapeutic interest. Traditional small molecules targeting ARE-regulated gene activation (e.g., bardoxolone, dimethyl fumarate) function by alkylating numerous proteins including Keap1, the controlling protein of Nrf2. An alternative is to target the repressor Bach1. Bach1 has an endogenous ligand, heme, that inhibits Bach1 binding to ARE, thus allowing Nrf2-mediated gene expression including that of heme-oxygenase-1 (HMOX1), a well described target of Bach1 repression. In this report, normal human lung fibroblasts were used to screen a collection of synthetic small molecules for their ability to induce HMOX1. A class of HMOX1-inducing compounds, represented by HPP-4382, was discovered. These compounds are not reactive electrophiles, are not suppressed by N-acetyl cysteine, and do not perturb either ROS or cellular glutathione. Using RNAi, we further demonstrate that HPP-4382 induces HMOX1 in an Nrf2-dependent manner. Chromatin immunoprecipitation verified that HPP-4382 treatment of NHLF cells reciprocally coordinated a decrease in binding of Bach1 and an increase of Nrf2 binding to the HMOX1 E2 enhancer. Finally we show that HPP-4382 can inhibit Bach1 activity in a reporter assay that measures transcription driven by the human HMOX1 E2 enhancer. Our results suggest that HPP-4382 is a novel activator of the antioxidant response through the modulation of Bach1 binding to the ARE binding site of target genes.
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The role of Nrf2-mediated pathway in cardiac remodeling and heart failure. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2014; 2014:260429. [PMID: 25101151 PMCID: PMC4102082 DOI: 10.1155/2014/260429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Revised: 04/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is frequently the consequence of sustained, abnormal neurohormonal, and mechanical stress and remains a leading cause of death worldwide. The key pathophysiological process leading to HF is cardiac remodeling, a term referring to maladaptation to cardiac stress at the molecular, cellular, tissue, and organ levels. HF and many of the conditions that predispose one to HF are associated with oxidative stress. Increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the heart can directly lead to increased necrosis and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes which subsequently induce cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. Nuclear factor-erythroid-2- (NF-E2-) related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that controls the basal and inducible expression of a battery of antioxidant genes and other cytoprotective phase II detoxifying enzymes that are ubiquitously expressed in the cardiovascular system. Emerging evidence has revealed that Nrf2 and its target genes are critical regulators of cardiovascular homeostasis via the suppression of oxidative stress, which is the key player in the development and progression of HF. The purpose of this review is to summarize evidence that activation of Nrf2 enhances endogenous antioxidant defenses and counteracts oxidative stress-associated cardiac remodeling and HF.
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Bach1 deficiency and accompanying overexpression of heme oxygenase-1 do not influence aging or tumorigenesis in mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2014; 2014:757901. [PMID: 25050144 PMCID: PMC4094857 DOI: 10.1155/2014/757901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress contributes to both aging and tumorigenesis. The transcription factor Bach1, a regulator of oxidative stress response, augments oxidative stress by repressing the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) gene (Hmox1) and suppresses oxidative stress-induced cellular senescence by restricting the p53 transcriptional activity. Here we investigated the lifelong effects of Bach1 deficiency on mice. Bach1-deficient mice showed longevity similar to wild-type mice. Although HO-1 was upregulated in the cells of Bach1-deficient animals, the levels of ROS in Bach1-deficient HSCs were comparable to those in wild-type cells. Bach1−/−; p53−/− mice succumbed to spontaneous cancers as frequently as p53-deficient mice. Bach1 deficiency significantly altered transcriptome in the liver of the young mice, which surprisingly became similar to that of wild-type mice during the course of aging. The transcriptome adaptation to Bach1 deficiency may reflect how oxidative stress response is tuned upon genetic and environmental perturbations. We concluded that Bach1 deficiency and accompanying overexpression of HO-1 did not influence aging or p53 deficiency-driven tumorigenesis. Our results suggest that it is useful to target Bach1 for acute injury responses without inducing any apparent deteriorative effect.
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Kaya MG, Sahin O, Akpek M, Duran M, Uysal OK, Karadavut S, Cosgun MS, Savas G, Baktir AO, Sarli B, Lam YY. Relation between serum total bilirubin levels and severity of coronary artery disease in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Angiology 2013; 65:245-9. [PMID: 24101706 DOI: 10.1177/0003319713504820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
We studied 403 consecutive patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). This population was divided into tertiles according to the SYNTAX score (SXscore). The high SXscore group was defined as an SXscore ≥13, and the low SXscore group as an SXscore <13. The total bilirubin (sTB) and direct bilirubin levels of patients were significantly higher in the high SXscore group (P = .001 and P = .007, respectively). There was a correlation between sTB and SXscore (r = .495; P = .005). On multivariate linear regression analyses, age (β = .100; P = .041), sTB levels (β = .171; P = .005), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (β = .121; P = .014), and troponin-I (β = .124; P = .011) remained independent correlates of high SXscore. The mean follow-up period was 18.2 months. All-cause mortality rate was higher in the high SXscore group but did not reach significance (P = .058). In conclusion, high sTB level is independently associated with severity of coronary artery disease in patients with NSTEMI. However, no association was found with long-term mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Gungor Kaya
- 1Department of Cardiology, Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
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Carbonyl stress induces hypertension and cardio-renal vascular injury in Dahl salt-sensitive rats. Hypertens Res 2013; 36:361-7. [PMID: 23364337 PMCID: PMC3619051 DOI: 10.1038/hr.2012.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
One major precursor of carbonyl stress, methylglyoxal (MG), is elevated in the plasma of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, and this precursor contributes to the progression of vascular injury, hypertension and renal injury in diabetic nephropathy patients. This molecule induces salt-sensitive hypertension via a reactive oxygen species-mediated pathway. We examined the role of MG in the pathogenesis of hypertension and cardio–renal injury in Dahl salt-sensitive (Dahl S) rats, which is a rat model of CKD. Nine-week-old Dahl S rats were fed a 1% NaCl diet, and 1% MG was added to their drinking water for up to 12 weeks. Blood pressure and cardio–renal injuries were compared with rats treated with tap water alone. The angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), candesartan (10 mg kg−1 day−1), was administered to MG Dahl S rats to determine the impact of this drug on the pathogenesis of MG-induced CKD. A progressive increase in systolic blood pressure was observed (123±1–148±5 mm Hg) after 12 weeks of MG administration. MG administration significantly increased urinary albumin excretion, glomerular sclerosis, tubular injury, myocardial collagen content and cardiac perivascular fibrosis. MG also enhanced the renal expression of Nɛ-carboxyethyl-lysine (an advanced glycation end product), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (a marker of oxidative stress), macrophage (ED-1) positive cells (a marker of inflammation) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAD(P)H) oxidase activity. Candesartan treatment for 4 weeks significantly reduced these parameters. These results suggest that MG-induced hypertension and cardio–renal injury and increased inflammation and carbonyl and oxidative stress, which were partially preventable by an ARB.
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Gul M, Uyarel H, Ergelen M, Akgul O, Karaca G, Turen S, Ugur M, Ertürk M, Kul S, Surgit O, Bozbay M, Uslu N. Prognostic value of total bilirubin in patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction undergoing primary coronary intervention. Am J Cardiol 2013; 111:166-71. [PMID: 23102877 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2012] [Revised: 09/25/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that the serum total bilirubin (TB) concentration was inversely related with stable coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and metabolic syndromes. The relation between TB levels and in-hospital and long-term outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) who undergo primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is not known. Data from 1,624 consecutive patients with STEMI who underwent primary PCI were evaluated. TB was measured after primary PCI, and the study population was divided into tertiles. The high TB group (n = 450) was defined as a value in the upper third tertile (>0.9 mg/dl) and the low TB group (n = 1,174) as any value in the lower 2 tertiles (≤0.9 mg/dl). The in-hospital mortality rate was significantly greater in the high TB group than in the low TB group (4% vs 1.5%, p = 0.003). In the multivariate analyses, a significant association was noted between high TB levels and the adjusted risk of in-hospital cardiovascular mortality (odds ratio 3.24, 95% confidence interval 1.27 to 8.27, p = 0.014). In the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, TB >0.90 mg/dl was identified as an effective cutpoint in patients with STEMI for in-hospital cardiovascular mortality (area under the curve 0.66, 95% confidence interval 0.55 to 0.76, p = 0.001). The mean follow-up period was 26.2 months. No differences were seen in the long-term mortality rates between the 2 groups. In conclusion, high TB is independently associated with in-hospital adverse outcomes in patients with STEMI who undergo primary PCI. However, no association was found with long-term mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Gul
- Department of Cardiology, Istanbul Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
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