1
|
Zhao R, Tang Y, Cao W, Zhao L, Wu Z, Chen X, Li Y, Jia X, Bai H. Identification of multiple plasma lipids as diagnostic biomarkers of hypercholesterolemia and the underlying mechanisms based on pseudo-targeted lipidomics. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2024; 38:e9723. [PMID: 38504484 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE Hypercholesterolemia is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and death. This study performed pseudo-targeted lipidomics to identify differentially expressed plasma lipids in hypercholesterolemia, to provide a scientific basis for the diagnosis and pathogenesis of hypercholesterolemia. METHODS Pseudo-targeted lipidomic analyses of plasma lipids from 20 patients with hypercholesterolemia and 20 normal control subjects were performed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Differentially expressed lipids were identified by principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to identify differentially expressed lipids with high diagnostic value. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway database was used to identify enriched metabolic pathways. RESULTS We identified 13 differentially expressed lipids in hypercholesterolemia using variable importance of projection > 1 and p < 0.05 as threshold parameters. The levels of eight sphingomyelins and cholesterol sulfate were higher and those of three triacylglycerols and lysophosphatidylcholine were reduced in hypercholesterolemia. Seven differentially expressed plasma lipids showed high diagnostic value for hypercholesterolemia. Functional enrichment analyses showed that pathways related to necroptosis, sphingolipid signaling, sphingolipid metabolism, and steroid hormone biosynthesis were enriched. CONCLUSIONS This pseudo-targeted lipidomics study demonstrated that multiple sphingomyelins and cholesterol sulfate were differentially expressed in the plasma of patients with hypercholesterolemia. We also identified seven plasma lipids, including six sphingomyelins and cholesterol sulfate, with high diagnostic value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhao
- School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yuqing Tang
- School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Wenhui Cao
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Zhifeng Wu
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Xianghui Chen
- School of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Yimin Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Xiaoe Jia
- School of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Translational Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Haihua Bai
- School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gladwell LR, Ahiarah C, Rasheed S, Rahman SM, Choudhury M. Traditional Therapeutics and Potential Epidrugs for CVD: Why Not Both? Life (Basel) 2023; 14:23. [PMID: 38255639 PMCID: PMC10820772 DOI: 10.3390/life14010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. In addition to the high mortality rate, people suffering from CVD often endure difficulties with physical activities and productivity that significantly affect their quality of life. The high prevalence of debilitating risk factors such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, smoking, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia only predicts a bleak future. Current traditional CVD interventions offer temporary respite; however, they compound the severe economic strain of health-related expenditures. Furthermore, these therapeutics can be prescribed indefinitely. Recent advances in the field of epigenetics have generated new treatment options by confronting CVD at an epigenetic level. This involves modulating gene expression by altering the organization of our genome rather than altering the DNA sequence itself. Epigenetic changes are heritable, reversible, and influenced by environmental factors such as medications. As CVD is physiologically and pathologically diverse in nature, epigenetic interventions can offer a ray of hope to replace or be combined with traditional therapeutics to provide the prospect of addressing more than just the symptoms of CVD. This review discusses various risk factors contributing to CVD, perspectives of current traditional medications in practice, and a focus on potential epigenetic therapeutics to be used as alternatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Rae Gladwell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas A&M Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, 1114 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Chidinma Ahiarah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas A&M Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, 1114 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Shireen Rasheed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas A&M Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, 1114 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Shaikh Mizanoor Rahman
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al-Mouz, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Mahua Choudhury
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas A&M Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, 1114 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cerda A, Bortolin RH, Yoshinaga MY, Freitas RCCD, Dagli-Hernandez C, Borges JB, Oliveira VFD, Gonçalves RM, Faludi AA, Bastos GM, Hirata RDC, Hirata MH. Lipidomic analysis identified potential predictive biomarkers of statin response in subjects with Familial hypercholesterolemia. Chem Phys Lipids 2023; 257:105348. [PMID: 37827478 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2023.105348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a disorder of lipid metabolism that causes elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and increased premature atherosclerosis risk. Statins inhibit endogenous cholesterol biosynthesis, which reduces LDL-c plasma levels and prevent from cardiovascular events. This study aimed to explore the effects of statin treatment on serum lipidomic profile and to identify biomarkers of response in subjects with FH. Seventeen adult FH patients underwent a 6-week washout followed by 4-week treatment with atorvastatin (80 mg/day) or rosuvastatin (40 mg/day). LDL-c response was considered good (40-70 % reduction, n = 9) or poor (3-33 % reduction, n = 8). Serum lipidomic profile was analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and data were analyzed using MetaboAnalyst v5.0. Lipidomic analysis identified 353 lipids grouped into 16 classes. Statin treatment reduced drastically 8 of 13 lipid classes, generating a characteristic lipidomic profile with a significant contribution of phosphatidylinositols (PI) 16:0/18:2, 18:0/18:1 and 18:0/18:2; and triacylglycerols (TAG) 18:2x2/18:3, 18:1/18:2/18:3, 16:1/18:2x2, 16:1/18:2/18:3 and 16:1/18:2/Arachidonic acid (p-adjusted <0.05). Biomarker analysis implemented in MetaboAnalyst subsequently identified PI 16:1/18:0, 16:0/18:2 and 18:0/18:2 as predictors of statin response with and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) areas under the curve of 0.98, 0.94 and 0.91, respectively. In conclusion, statins extensively modulate the overall serum lipid composition of FH individuals and these findings suggest that phosphatidyl-inositol molecules are potential predictive biomarkers of statin response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Cerda
- Department of Basic Sciences, Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, CEMT-BIOREN, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4810296, Chile
| | - Raul Hernandes Bortolin
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Marcos Yukio Yoshinaga
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Renata Caroline Costa de Freitas
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Carolina Dagli-Hernandez
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Jessica Bassani Borges
- Department of Research, Hospital Beneficiencia Portuguesa de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01323-001, Brazil
| | - Victor Fernandes de Oliveira
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | | | - Andre Arpad Faludi
- Medical Division, Institute of Cardiology Dante Pazzanese, Sao Paulo 04012-909, Brazil
| | - Gisele Medeiros Bastos
- Department of Research, Hospital Beneficiencia Portuguesa de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01323-001, Brazil
| | - Rosario Dominguez Crespo Hirata
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Mario Hiroyuki Hirata
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Balakrishna D, Sowjanya B, Prasad M, Viswakumar R. Sub-group analysis of inflammatory cytokines IL-1 and IL-6 in association with lipid profiles of coronary artery disease patients. GENE REPORTS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2023.101748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
5
|
Miyazaki T, Taketomi Y, Higashi T, Ohtaki H, Takaki T, Ohnishi K, Hosonuma M, Kono N, Akasu R, Haraguchi S, Kim-Kaneyama JR, Otsu K, Arai H, Murakami M, Miyazaki A. Hypercholesterolemic Dysregulation of Calpain in Lymphatic Endothelial Cells Interferes With Regulatory T-Cell Stability and Trafficking. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:e66-e82. [PMID: 36519468 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.317781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although hypercholesterolemia reportedly counteracts lymphocyte trafficking across lymphatic vessels, the roles of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) in the lymphocyte regulations remain unclear. Previous studies showed that calpain-an intracellular modulatory protease-interferes with leukocyte dynamics in the blood microcirculation and is associated with hypercholesterolemic dysfunction in vascular endothelial cells. METHODS This study investigated whether the calpain systems in LECs associate with the LEC-lymphocyte interaction under hypercholesterolemia using gene-targeted mice. RESULTS Lipidomic analysis in hypercholesterolemic mice showed that several lysophospholipids, including lysophosphatidic acid, accumulated in the lymphatic environment. Lysophosphatidic acid enables the potentiation of calpain systems in cultured LECs, which limits their ability to stabilize regulatory T cells (Treg) without altering Th1/Th2 (T helper type1/2) subsets. This occurs via the proteolytic degradation of MEKK1 (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1) and the subsequent inhibition of TGF (transforming growth factor)-β1 production in LECs. Targeting calpain systems in LECs expanded Tregs in the blood circulation and reduced aortic atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic mice, concomitant with the reduction of proinflammatory macrophages in the lesions. Treg expansion in the blood circulation and atheroprotection in calpain-targeted mice was prevented by the administration of TGF-β type-I receptor inhibitor. Moreover, lysophosphatidic acid-induced calpain overactivation potentiated the IL (interleukin)-18/NF-κB (nuclear factor κB)/VCAM1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule 1) axis in LECs, thereby inhibiting lymphocyte mobility on the cells. Indeed, VCAM1 in LECs was upregulated in hypercholesterolemic mice and human cases of coronary artery disease. Neutralization of VCAM1 or targeting LEC calpain systems recovered afferent Treg transportation via lymphatic vessels in mice. CONCLUSIONS Calpain systems in LECs have a key role in controlling Treg stability and trafficking under hypercholesterolemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Miyazaki
- Department of Biochemistry (T.M., R.A., S.H., J.-R.K.-K., A.M.), Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Taketomi
- Laboratory of Microenvironmental and Metabolic Health Science, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine (Y.T., T.H., M.M.), the University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Higashi
- Laboratory of Microenvironmental and Metabolic Health Science, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine (Y.T., T.H., M.M.), the University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Ohtaki
- Department of Anatomy (H.O.), Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Takaki
- Division of Electron Microscopy (T.T.), Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Ohnishi
- Department of Pathology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan (K. Ohnishi)
| | - Masahiro Hosonuma
- Department of Clinical Immuno Oncology, Clinical Research Institute for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan (M.H.)
| | - Nozomu Kono
- Laboratory of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine (N.K., H.A.), the University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Risako Akasu
- Department of Biochemistry (T.M., R.A., S.H., J.-R.K.-K., A.M.), Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shogo Haraguchi
- Department of Biochemistry (T.M., R.A., S.H., J.-R.K.-K., A.M.), Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Joo-Ri Kim-Kaneyama
- Department of Biochemistry (T.M., R.A., S.H., J.-R.K.-K., A.M.), Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kinya Otsu
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London, United Kingdom (K. Otsu)
| | - Hiroyuki Arai
- Laboratory of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine (N.K., H.A.), the University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Murakami
- Laboratory of Microenvironmental and Metabolic Health Science, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine (Y.T., T.H., M.M.), the University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Miyazaki
- Department of Biochemistry (T.M., R.A., S.H., J.-R.K.-K., A.M.), Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zandl-Lang M, Plecko B, Köfeler H. Lipidomics-Paving the Road towards Better Insight and Precision Medicine in Rare Metabolic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021709. [PMID: 36675224 PMCID: PMC9866746 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Even though the application of Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) has significantly facilitated the identification of disease-associated mutations, the diagnostic rate of rare diseases is still below 50%. This causes a diagnostic odyssey and prevents specific treatment, as well as genetic counseling for further family planning. Increasing the diagnostic rate and reducing the time to diagnosis in children with unclear disease are crucial for a better patient outcome and improvement of quality of life. In many cases, NGS reveals variants of unknown significance (VUS) that need further investigations. The delineation of novel (lipid) biomarkers is not only crucial to prove the pathogenicity of VUS, but provides surrogate parameters for the monitoring of disease progression and therapeutic interventions. Lipids are essential organic compounds in living organisms, serving as building blocks for cellular membranes, energy storage and signaling molecules. Among other disorders, an imbalance in lipid homeostasis can lead to chronic inflammation, vascular dysfunction and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, analyzing lipids in biological samples provides great insight into the underlying functional role of lipids in healthy and disease statuses. The method of choice for lipid analysis and/or huge assemblies of lipids (=lipidome) is mass spectrometry due to its high sensitivity and specificity. Due to the inherent chemical complexity of the lipidome and the consequent challenges associated with analyzing it, progress in the field of lipidomics has lagged behind other omics disciplines. However, compared to the previous decade, the output of publications on lipidomics has increased more than 17-fold within the last decade and has, therefore, become one of the fastest-growing research fields. Combining multiple omics approaches will provide a unique and efficient tool for determining pathogenicity of VUS at the functional level, and thereby identifying rare, as well as novel, genetic disorders by molecular techniques and biochemical analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Zandl-Lang
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Barbara Plecko
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Köfeler
- Core Facility Mass Spectrometry, ZMF, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Treatment of Dyslipidemia through Targeted Therapy of Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15010228. [PMID: 36615885 PMCID: PMC9823358 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is a multifaceted condition with various genetic and environmental factors contributing to its pathogenesis. Further, this condition represents an important risk factor for its related sequalae including cardiovascular diseases (CVD) such as coronary artery disease (CAD) and stroke. Emerging evidence has shown that gut microbiota and their metabolites can worsen or protect against the development of dyslipidemia. Although there are currently numerous treatment modalities available including lifestyle modification and pharmacologic interventions, there has been promising research on dyslipidemia that involves the benefits of modulating gut microbiota in treating alterations in lipid metabolism. In this review, we examine the relationship between gut microbiota and dyslipidemia, the impact of gut microbiota metabolites on the development of dyslipidemia, and the current research on dietary interventions, prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics and microbiota transplant as therapeutic modalities in prevention of cardiovascular disease. Overall, understanding the mechanisms by which gut microbiota and their metabolites affect dyslipidemia progression will help develop more precise therapeutic targets to optimize lipid metabolism.
Collapse
|
8
|
Lim SY, Lim FLS, Criado-Navarro I, Yeo XH, Dayal H, Vemulapalli SD, Seah SJ, Laserna AKC, Yang X, Tan SH, Chan MY, Li SFY. Multi-Omics Investigation into Acute Myocardial Infarction: An Integrative Method Revealing Interconnections amongst the Metabolome, Lipidome, Glycome, and Metallome. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12111080. [PMID: 36355163 PMCID: PMC9693522 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. This work aims to investigate the translational potential of a multi-omics study (comprising metabolomics, lipidomics, glycomics, and metallomics) in revealing biomechanistic insights into AMI. Following the N-glycomics and metallomics studies performed by our group previously, untargeted metabolomic and lipidomic profiles were generated and analysed in this work via the use of a simultaneous metabolite/lipid extraction and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) analysis workflow. The workflow was applied to blood plasma samples from AMI cases (n = 101) and age-matched healthy controls (n = 66). The annotated metabolomic (number of features, n = 27) and lipidomic (n = 48) profiles, along with the glycomic (n = 37) and metallomic (n = 30) profiles of the same set of AMI and healthy samples were integrated and analysed. The integration method used here works by identifying a linear combination of maximally correlated features across the four omics datasets, via utilising both block-partial least squares-discriminant analysis (block-PLS-DA) based on sparse generalised canonical correlation analysis. Based on the multi-omics mapping of biomolecular interconnections, several postulations were derived. These include the potential roles of glycerophospholipids in N-glycan-modulated immunoregulatory effects, as well as the augmentation of the importance of Ca–ATPases in cardiovascular conditions, while also suggesting contributions of phosphatidylethanolamine in their functions. Moreover, it was shown that combining the four omics datasets synergistically enhanced the classifier performance in discriminating between AMI and healthy subjects. Fresh and intriguing insights into AMI, otherwise undetected via single-omics analysis, were revealed in this multi-omics study. Taken together, we provide evidence that a multi-omics strategy may synergistically reinforce and enhance our understanding of diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si Ying Lim
- NUS Graduate School’s Integrative Sciences & Engineering Programme (ISEP), National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Felicia Li Shea Lim
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | | | - Xin Hao Yeo
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Hiranya Dayal
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | | | - Song Jie Seah
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Anna Karen Carrasco Laserna
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
- Central Instrumentation Facility (Laguna Campus), Office of the Vice President for Research and Innovation, De La Salle University, Manila 1004, Philippines
| | - Xiaoxun Yang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Sock Hwee Tan
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Mark Y. Chan
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Sam Fong Yau Li
- NUS Graduate School’s Integrative Sciences & Engineering Programme (ISEP), National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +65-6516-2681; Fax: +65-6779-1691
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Huang Z, Guo S, Fu C, Zhou W, Stalin A, Zhang J, Liu X, Jia S, Wu C, Lu S, Li B, Wu Z, Tan Y, Fan X, Cheng G, Mou Y, Wu J. Identification of molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of Xintong granule in coronary artery disease by a network pharmacology and molecular docking approach. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29829. [PMID: 35801781 PMCID: PMC9259182 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a cardiovascular disease characterized by atherosclerosis, angiogenesis, thrombogenesis, inflammation, etc. Xintong granule (XTG) is considered a practical therapeutic strategy in China for CAD. Although its therapeutic role in CAD has been reported, the molecular mechanisms of XTG in CAD have not yet been explored. A network pharmacology approach including drug-likeness (DL) evaluation, oral bioavailability (OB) prediction, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction and analysis, and Gene Ontology term and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses was used to predict the active ingredients, potential targets, and molecular mechanisms of XTG associated with the treatment of CAD. Molecular docking analysis was performed to investigate the interactions between the active compounds and the underlying targets. Fifty-one active ingredients of XTG and 294 CAD-related targets were screened for analysis. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis showed that the therapeutic targets of XTG in CAD are mainly involved in blood circulation and vascular regulation. KEGG pathway analysis indicated that XTG intervenes in CAD mainly through the regulation of fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, and the relaxin signaling pathway. Molecular docking analysis showed that each key active ingredient (quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, stigmasterol, resveratrol, fisetin, gamma-sitosterol, and beta-sitosterol) of XTG can bind to the core targets of CAD (AKT1, JUN, RELA, MAPK8, NFKB1, EDN1, and NOS3). The present study revealed the CAD treatment-related active ingredients, underlying targets, and potential molecular mechanisms of XTG acting by regulating fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, and relaxin signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Siyu Guo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Changgeng Fu
- Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Antony Stalin
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingyuan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinkui Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Jia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Lu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bingbing Li
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhishan Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Tan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotian Fan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guoliang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Shandong Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Linyi, China
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfang Mou
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Shandong Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Linyi, China
| | - Jiarui Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jiarui Wu (e-mail: )
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lee H, Jang SY, Jung Y, Kwon O, Hwang GS. Lipidomic profiling analysis of human plasma from subjects with hypercholesterolemia to evaluate the intake of yellow yeast rice fermented by Aspergillus terreus DSMK01. Food Funct 2022; 13:7629-7637. [PMID: 35734953 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04010c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Yellow yeast rice (YYR) is a Korean functional food fermented with Aspergillus terreus and contains monacolin K, a cholesterol-lowering ingredient. However, the effects of YYR on lipid metabolism alterations have not been reported until now. In this study, we performed a mass spectrometry-based lipidomic analysis of plasma samples from subjects (31 from the YYR group and 27 from the placebo group) with LDL-C higher than 130 mg dL-1 to investigate the effects of the intake of YYR. Lipidomic profiling showed that the levels of sphingomyelin (SM) were significantly decreased in the YYR intake group compared with the placebo group. The SM level in the YYR intake group showed a significant association with the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio (p = 0.004, r = 0.503), an indicator of the effect of lipid-lowering therapy. This study suggests that global lipidomic profiling could be used to identify changes in lipid metabolism induced by YYR intake and provide information that these lipid changes are associated with improved hypercholesterolemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heeyeon Lee
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea. .,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Young Jang
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngae Jung
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea.
| | - Oran Kwon
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
| | - Geum-Sook Hwang
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Vvedenskaya O, Holčapek M, Vogeser M, Ekroos K, Meikle PJ, Bendt AK. Clinical lipidomics – A community-driven roadmap to translate research into clinical applications. J Mass Spectrom Adv Clin Lab 2022; 24:1-4. [PMID: 35199094 PMCID: PMC8844780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmsacl.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Overview of current state of mass spectrometry based lipidomics. Highlighting ongoing efforts towards harmonization. Invitation to join international community.
Lipid metabolites, beyond triglycerides and cholesterol, have been shown to have vast potential for applications in clinical applications, with substantial societal and economical value. To successfully evolve from the current research-grade methods to assays suitable for routine clinical applications, a harmonization – if not standardization – of these mass spectrometry-based workflows is necessary. Input on clinical needs and technological capabilities must be obtained from all relevant stakeholders, including wet lab scientists, informaticians and data scientists, manufacturers, and medical professionals. In order to build bridges between this diverse group of professionals, the International Lipidomics Society and its Clinical Lipidomics Interest Group were created. This opinion article is intended to provide an overview of international efforts to tackle the issues of workflow harmonization, and to serve as an open invitation for others to join this growing community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Vvedenskaya
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
- Spectroswiss Sarl, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michal Holčapek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Vogeser
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine in the Munich University Clinic, Munich, Germany
| | - Kim Ekroos
- Lipidomics Consulting Ltd., Esbo, Finland
| | - Peter J. Meikle
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne Victoria, Australia
| | - Anne K. Bendt
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mouse lipidomics reveals inherent flexibility of a mammalian lipidome. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19364. [PMID: 34588529 PMCID: PMC8481471 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98702-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipidomics has become an indispensable method for the quantitative assessment of lipid metabolism in basic, clinical, and pharmaceutical research. It allows for the generation of information-dense datasets in a large variety of experimental setups and model organisms. Previous studies, mostly conducted in mice (Mus musculus), have shown a remarkable specificity of the lipid compositions of different cell types, tissues, and organs. However, a systematic analysis of the overall variation of the mouse lipidome is lacking. To fill this gap, in the present study, the effect of diet, sex, and genotype on the lipidomes of mouse tissues, organs, and bodily fluids has been investigated. Baseline quantitative lipidomes consisting of 796 individual lipid molecules belonging to 24 lipid classes are provided for 10 different sample types. Furthermore, the susceptibility of lipidomes to the tested parameters is assessed, providing insights into the organ-specific lipidomic plasticity and flexibility. This dataset provides a valuable resource for basic and pharmaceutical researchers working with murine models and complements existing proteomic and transcriptomic datasets. It will inform experimental design and facilitate interpretation of lipidomic datasets.
Collapse
|
13
|
Matthiesen R, Lauber C, Sampaio JL, Domingues N, Alves L, Gerl MJ, Almeida MS, Rodrigues G, Araújo Gonçalves P, Ferreira J, Borbinha C, Pedro Marto J, Neves M, Batista F, Viana-Baptista M, Alves J, Simons K, Vaz WLC, Vieira OV. Shotgun mass spectrometry-based lipid profiling identifies and distinguishes between chronic inflammatory diseases. EBioMedicine 2021; 70:103504. [PMID: 34311325 PMCID: PMC8330692 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Localized stress and cell death in chronic inflammatory diseases may release tissue-specific lipids into the circulation causing the blood plasma lipidome to reflect the type of inflammation. However, deep lipid profiles of major chronic inflammatory diseases have not been compared. Methods Plasma lipidomes of patients suffering from two etiologically distinct chronic inflammatory diseases, atherosclerosis-related vascular disease, including cardiovascular (CVD) and ischemic stroke (IS), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), were screened by a top-down shotgun mass spectrometry-based analysis without liquid chromatographic separation and compared to each other and to age-matched controls. Lipid profiling of 596 lipids was performed on a cohort of 427 individuals. Machine learning classifiers based on the plasma lipidomes were used to distinguish the two chronic inflammatory diseases from each other and from the controls. Findings Analysis of the lipidomes enabled separation of the studied chronic inflammatory diseases from controls based on independent validation test set classification performance (CVD vs control - Sensitivity: 0.94, Specificity: 0.88; IS vs control - Sensitivity: 1.0, Specificity: 1.0; SLE vs control – Sensitivity: 1, Specificity: 0.93) and from each other (SLE vs CVD ‒ Sensitivity: 0.91, Specificity: 1; IS vs SLE - Sensitivity: 1, Specificity: 0.82). Preliminary linear discriminant analysis plots using all data clearly separated the clinical groups from each other and from the controls, and partially separated CVD severities, as classified into five clinical groups. Dysregulated lipids are partially but not fully counterbalanced by statin treatment. Interpretation Dysregulation of the plasma lipidome is characteristic of chronic inflammatory diseases. Lipid profiling accurately identifies the diseases and in the case of CVD also identifies sub-classes. Funding Full list of funding sources at the end of the manuscript.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rune Matthiesen
- iNOVA4Health, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Chris Lauber
- Lipotype GmbH, Tatzberg 47, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Neuza Domingues
- iNOVA4Health, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Liliana Alves
- iNOVA4Health, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Manuel S Almeida
- iNOVA4Health, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; Hospital Santa Cruz, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Av. Prof. Dr. Reinaldo dos Santos, 2790-134 Carnaxide, Portugal
| | - Gustavo Rodrigues
- Hospital Santa Cruz, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Av. Prof. Dr. Reinaldo dos Santos, 2790-134 Carnaxide, Portugal
| | - Pedro Araújo Gonçalves
- iNOVA4Health, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; Hospital Santa Cruz, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Av. Prof. Dr. Reinaldo dos Santos, 2790-134 Carnaxide, Portugal
| | - Jorge Ferreira
- Hospital Santa Cruz, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Av. Prof. Dr. Reinaldo dos Santos, 2790-134 Carnaxide, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Borbinha
- Department of Neurology, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Rua da Junqueira 126 1349-019 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Pedro Marto
- Department of Neurology, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Rua da Junqueira 126 1349-019 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marisa Neves
- Hospital Dr. Fernando da Fonseca, IC 19, 2720-276 Amadora, Portugal
| | | | - Miguel Viana-Baptista
- Department of Neurology, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Rua da Junqueira 126 1349-019 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jose Alves
- Hospital Dr. Fernando da Fonseca, IC 19, 2720-276 Amadora, Portugal
| | - Kai Simons
- Lipotype GmbH, Tatzberg 47, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Winchil L C Vaz
- iNOVA4Health, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Otilia V Vieira
- iNOVA4Health, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Reis A, de Freitas V, Sanchez-Quesada JL, Barros AS, Diaz SO, Leite-Moreira A. Lipidomics in Cardiovascular Diseases. SYSTEMS MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.11598-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
|
15
|
Saarentaus EC, Havulinna AS, Mars N, Ahola-Olli A, Kiiskinen TTJ, Partanen J, Ruotsalainen S, Kurki M, Urpa LM, Chen L, Perola M, Salomaa V, Veijola J, Männikkö M, Hall IM, Pietiläinen O, Kaprio J, Ripatti S, Daly M, Palotie A. Polygenic burden has broader impact on health, cognition, and socioeconomic outcomes than most rare and high-risk copy number variants. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:4884-4895. [PMID: 33526825 PMCID: PMC8589645 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01026-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Copy number variants (CNVs) are associated with syndromic and severe neurological and psychiatric disorders (SNPDs), such as intellectual disability, epilepsy, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder. Although considered high-impact, CNVs are also observed in the general population. This presents a diagnostic challenge in evaluating their clinical significance. To estimate the phenotypic differences between CNV carriers and non-carriers regarding general health and well-being, we compared the impact of SNPD-associated CNVs on health, cognition, and socioeconomic phenotypes to the impact of three genome-wide polygenic risk score (PRS) in two Finnish cohorts (FINRISK, n = 23,053 and NFBC1966, n = 4895). The focus was on CNV carriers and PRS extremes who do not have an SNPD diagnosis. We identified high-risk CNVs (DECIPHER CNVs, risk gene deletions, or large [>1 Mb] CNVs) in 744 study participants (2.66%), 36 (4.8%) of whom had a diagnosed SNPD. In the remaining 708 unaffected carriers, we observed lower educational attainment (EA; OR = 0.77 [95% CI 0.66-0.89]) and lower household income (OR = 0.77 [0.66-0.89]). Income-associated CNVs also lowered household income (OR = 0.50 [0.38-0.66]), and CNVs with medical consequences lowered subjective health (OR = 0.48 [0.32-0.72]). The impact of PRSs was broader. At the lowest extreme of PRS for EA, we observed lower EA (OR = 0.31 [0.26-0.37]), lower-income (OR = 0.66 [0.57-0.77]), lower subjective health (OR = 0.72 [0.61-0.83]), and increased mortality (Cox's HR = 1.55 [1.21-1.98]). PRS for intelligence had a similar impact, whereas PRS for schizophrenia did not affect these traits. We conclude that the majority of working-age individuals carrying high-risk CNVs without SNPD diagnosis have a modest impact on morbidity and mortality, as well as the limited impact on income and educational attainment, compared to individuals at the extreme end of common genetic variation. Our findings highlight that the contribution of traditional high-risk variants such as CNVs should be analyzed in a broader genetic context, rather than evaluated in isolation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elmo Christian Saarentaus
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aki Samuli Havulinna
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland ,grid.14758.3f0000 0001 1013 0499Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nina Mars
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ari Ahola-Olli
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland ,grid.66859.34Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Analytical and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | | | - Juulia Partanen
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sanni Ruotsalainen
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mitja Kurki
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland ,grid.66859.34Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Analytical and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Lea Martta Urpa
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lei Chen
- grid.47100.320000000419368710Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA ,grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - Markus Perola
- grid.14758.3f0000 0001 1013 0499Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- grid.14758.3f0000 0001 1013 0499Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha Veijola
- grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Research Unit of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oulu & Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Minna Männikkö
- grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Northern Finland Birth Cohorts, Infrastructure for Population Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ira M. Hall
- grid.47100.320000000419368710Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA ,grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - Olli Pietiläinen
- grid.66859.34Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XStem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA ,grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland ,grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland ,grid.66859.34Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Analytical and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA ,grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mark Daly
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland ,grid.66859.34Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Analytical and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. .,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
White AMB, Mishcon HR, Redwanski JL, Hills RD. Statin Treatment in Specific Patient Groups: Role for Improved Cardiovascular Risk Markers. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E3748. [PMID: 33233352 PMCID: PMC7700563 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ample evidence supports the use of statin therapy for secondary prevention in patients with a history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), but evidence is wanting in the case of primary prevention, low-risk individuals, and elderly adults 65+. Statins are effective in lowering low-density lipoprotein (LDL), which has long been a target for treatment decisions. We discuss the weakening dependence between cholesterol levels and mortality as a function of age and highlight recent findings on lipoprotein subfractions and other superior markers of ASCVD risk. The efficacy of statins is compared for distinct subsets of patients based on age, diabetes, ASCVD, and coronary artery calcium (CAC) status. Most cardiovascular risk calculators heavily weight age and overestimate one's absolute risk of ASCVD, particularly in very old adults. Improvements in risk assessment enable the identification of specific patient populations that benefit most from statin treatment. Derisking is particularly important for adults over 75, in whom treatment benefits are reduced and adverse musculoskeletal effects are amplified. The CAC score stratifies the benefit effect size obtainable with statins, and forms of coenzyme Q are discussed for improving patient outcomes. Robust risk estimator tools and personalized, evidence-based approaches are needed to optimally reduce cardiovascular events and mortality rates through administration of cholesterol-lowering medications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa M. B. White
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Administration, University of New England, Portland, ME 04103, USA; (A.M.B.W.); (H.R.M.)
| | - Hillary R. Mishcon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Administration, University of New England, Portland, ME 04103, USA; (A.M.B.W.); (H.R.M.)
| | - John L. Redwanski
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, University of New England, Portland, ME 04103, USA;
| | - Ronald D. Hills
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Administration, University of New England, Portland, ME 04103, USA; (A.M.B.W.); (H.R.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Juarez PD, Hood DB, Song MA, Ramesh A. Use of an Exposome Approach to Understand the Effects of Exposures From the Natural, Built, and Social Environments on Cardio-Vascular Disease Onset, Progression, and Outcomes. Front Public Health 2020; 8:379. [PMID: 32903514 PMCID: PMC7437454 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, diabetes, and hypertension have increased by epidemic proportions in recent years among African Americans in comparison to Whites resulting in significant adverse cardiovascular disease (CVD) disparities. Today, African Americans are 30% more likely to die of heart disease than Whites and twice as likely to have a stroke. The causes of these disparities are not yet well-understood. Improved methods for identifying underlying risk factors is a critical first step toward reducing Black:White CVD disparities. This article will focus on environmental exposures in the external environment and how they can lead to changes at the cellular, molecular, and organ level to increase the personal risk for CVD and lead to population level CVD racial disparities. The external environment is defined in three broad domains: natural (air, water, land), built (places you live, work, and play) and social (social, demographic, economic, and political). We will describe how environmental exposures in the natural, built, and social environments "get under the skin" to affect gene expression though epigenetic, pan-omics, and related mechanisms that lead to increased risk for adverse CVD health outcomes and population level disparities. We also will examine the important role of metabolomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, genomics, and epigenomics in understanding how exposures in the natural, built, and social environments lead to CVD disparities with implications for clinical, public health, and policy interventions. In this review, we apply an exposome approach to Black:White CVD racial disparities. The exposome is a measure of all the exposures of an individual across the life course and the relationship of those exposures to health effects. The exposome represents the totality of exogenous (external) and endogenous (internal) exposures from conception onwards, simultaneously distinguishing, characterizing, and quantifying etiologic, mediating, moderating, and co-occurring risk and protective factors and their relationship to disease. Specifically, it assesses the biological mechanisms and underlying pathways through which chemical and non-chemical environmental exposures are associated with CVD onset, progression and outcomes. The exposome is a promising approach for understanding the complex relationships among environment, behavior, biology, genetics, and disease phenotypes that underlie population level, Black: White CVD disparities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul D Juarez
- Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Darryl B Hood
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Min-Ae Song
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Huang S, Xie X, Sun Y, Zhang T, Cai Y, Xu X, Li H, Wu S. Development of a nomogram that predicts the risk for coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:9427-9439. [PMID: 32421687 PMCID: PMC7288976 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Studies seldom combine biological, behavioral and psychological factors to estimate coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD) risk. Here, we evaluated the associations between these factors and CHD to develop a predictive nomogram to identify those at high risk of CHD. This case-control study included 4392 participants (1578 CHD cases and 2814 controls) in southeast China. Thirty-three biological, behavioral and psychological variables were evaluated. Following multivariate logistic regression analysis, which revealed eight risk factors associated with CHD, a predictive nomogram was developed based on a final model that included the three non-modifiable (sex, age and family history of CHD) and five modifiable (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, recent experience of a major traumatic event, and anxiety) variables. The higher total nomogram score, the greater the CHD risk. Final model accuracy (as estimated from the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve) was 0.726 (95% confidence interval: 0.709-0.747). Validation analysis confirmed the high accuracy of the nomogram. High risk of CHD was associated with several biological, behavioral and psychological factors. We have thus developed an intuitive nomogram that could facilitate development of preliminary prevention strategies for CHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuna Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Xiaoxu Xie
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Tingxing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Yingying Cai
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Xingyan Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Huangyuan Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Siying Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hilvo M, Wallentin L, Ghukasyan Lakic T, Held C, Kauhanen D, Jylhä A, Lindbäck J, Siegbahn A, Granger CB, Koenig W, Stewart RAH, White H, Laaksonen R. Prediction of Residual Risk by Ceramide-Phospholipid Score in Patients With Stable Coronary Heart Disease on Optimal Medical Therapy. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e015258. [PMID: 32375553 PMCID: PMC7660846 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.015258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Identification of patients with stable coronary heart disease who are at significant residual risk could be helpful for targeted prevention. Our aim was to determine the prognostic value of the recently introduced ceramide‐ and phospholipid‐based risk score, the Cardiovascular Event Risk Test (CERT2), in patients with stable coronary heart disease on optimal medical therapy and to identify biological processes that contribute to the CERT2 score. Methods and Results Plasma samples (n=11 222) obtained from the STABILITY (Stabilization of Atherosclerotic Plaque by Initiation of Darapladib Therapy) trial were analyzed using a tandem liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry method. STABILITY was a trial in patients with stable coronary heart disease randomized to the lipoprotein‐associated phospholipase A2 inhibitor darapladib or placebo on optimized medical therapy at baseline, with a median follow‐up of 3.7 years. Hazard ratios per SD for the CERT2 risk score were 1.32 (95% CI, 1.25–1.39) for major adverse cardiovascular event, 1.47 (95% CI, 1.35–1.59) for cardiovascular death, 1.32 (95% CI, 1.16–1.49) for stroke, 1.23 (95% CI, 1.14–1.33) for myocardial infarction, and 1.56 (95% CI, 1.39–1.76) for hospitalization due to heart failure, when adjusted for traditional cardiovascular risk factors. CERT2 showed correlation (P<0.001, r>0.2) with inflammatory markers high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein, interleukin 6, the heart failure marker N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide, and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol. After also adjusting for levels of other prognostic biomarkers, the CERT2 score was still independently related to the risk of cardiovascular death but not to nonfatal events. Conclusions The CERT2 risk score can detect residual risk in patients with stable coronary heart disease and is associated with biomarkers indicating inflammation, myocardial necrosis, myocardial dysfunction, renal dysfunction, and dyslipidemia. REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00799903.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lars Wallentin
- Department of Medical Sciences Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden.,Uppsala Clinical Research Center Uppsala Sweden
| | | | - Claes Held
- Department of Medical Sciences Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden.,Uppsala Clinical Research Center Uppsala Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Agneta Siegbahn
- Department of Medical Sciences Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden.,Uppsala Clinical Research Center Uppsala Sweden
| | | | - Wolfgang Koenig
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München Technische Universität München München Germany and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance Munich Germany.,Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry University of Ulm Germany
| | - Ralph A H Stewart
- N Green Lane Cardiovascular Service Auckland City Hospital and University of Auckland New Zealand
| | - Harvey White
- N Green Lane Cardiovascular Service Auckland City Hospital and University of Auckland New Zealand
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Zora Biosciences Oy Espoo Finland.,Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center University of Tampere Finland.,Finnish Clinical Biobank Tampere Tampere University Hospital Tampere Finland
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Tabassum R, Rämö JT, Ripatti P, Koskela JT, Kurki M, Karjalainen J, Palta P, Hassan S, Nunez-Fontarnau J, Kiiskinen TTJ, Söderlund S, Matikainen N, Gerl MJ, Surma MA, Klose C, Stitziel NO, Laivuori H, Havulinna AS, Service SK, Salomaa V, Pirinen M, Jauhiainen M, Daly MJ, Freimer NB, Palotie A, Taskinen MR, Simons K, Ripatti S. Genetic architecture of human plasma lipidome and its link to cardiovascular disease. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4329. [PMID: 31551469 PMCID: PMC6760179 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11954-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding genetic architecture of plasma lipidome could provide better insights into lipid metabolism and its link to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Here, we perform genome-wide association analyses of 141 lipid species (n = 2,181 individuals), followed by phenome-wide scans with 25 CVD related phenotypes (n = 511,700 individuals). We identify 35 lipid-species-associated loci (P <5 ×10-8), 10 of which associate with CVD risk including five new loci-COL5A1, GLTPD2, SPTLC3, MBOAT7 and GALNT16 (false discovery rate<0.05). We identify loci for lipid species that are shown to predict CVD e.g., SPTLC3 for CER(d18:1/24:1). We show that lipoprotein lipase (LPL) may more efficiently hydrolyze medium length triacylglycerides (TAGs) than others. Polyunsaturated lipids have highest heritability and genetic correlations, suggesting considerable genetic regulation at fatty acids levels. We find low genetic correlations between traditional lipids and lipid species. Our results show that lipidomic profiles capture information beyond traditional lipids and identify genetic variants modifying lipid levels and risk of CVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rubina Tabassum
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joel T Rämö
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pietari Ripatti
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka T Koskela
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mitja Kurki
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics and Genetic Analysis Platform, Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Psychiatric & Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Juha Karjalainen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Priit Palta
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Shabbeer Hassan
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Javier Nunez-Fontarnau
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuomo T J Kiiskinen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sanni Söderlund
- Research Programs Unit, Diabetes & Obesity, University of Helsinki and Department of Internal Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Niina Matikainen
- Research Programs Unit, Diabetes & Obesity, University of Helsinki and Department of Internal Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Endocrinology, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Michal A Surma
- Lipotype GmbH, Dresden, Germany
- Łukasiewicz Research Network-PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, Stablowicka 147 Str., 54-066, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Nathan O Stitziel
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Hannele Laivuori
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tampere University Hospital and Tampere University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland
- Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aki S Havulinna
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Susan K Service
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matti Pirinen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki Institute for Information Technology HIIT and Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matti Jauhiainen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mark J Daly
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nelson B Freimer
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Psychiatric & Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, and the Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marja-Riitta Taskinen
- Research Programs Unit, Diabetes & Obesity, University of Helsinki and Department of Internal Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kai Simons
- Lipotype GmbH, Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Public Health, Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Rämö JT, Ripatti P, Tabassum R, Söderlund S, Matikainen N, Gerl MJ, Klose C, Surma MA, Stitziel NO, Havulinna AS, Pirinen M, Salomaa V, Freimer NB, Jauhiainen M, Palotie A, Taskinen MR, Simons K, Ripatti S. Coronary Artery Disease Risk and Lipidomic Profiles Are Similar in Hyperlipidemias With Family History and Population-Ascertained Hyperlipidemias. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e012415. [PMID: 31256696 PMCID: PMC6662358 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.012415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background We asked whether, after excluding familial hypercholesterolemia, individuals with high low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) or triacylglyceride levels and a family history of the same hyperlipidemia have greater coronary artery disease risk or different lipidomic profiles compared with population‐based hyperlipidemias. Methods and Results We determined incident coronary artery disease risk for 755 members of 66 hyperlipidemic families (≥2 first‐degree relatives with similar hyperlipidemia) and 19 644 Finnish FINRISK population study participants. We quantified 151 circulating lipid species from 550 members of 73 hyperlipidemic families and 897 FINRISK participants using mass spectrometric shotgun lipidomics. Familial hypercholesterolemia was excluded using functional LDL receptor testing and genotyping. Hyperlipidemias (LDL‐C or triacylglycerides >90th population percentile) associated with increased coronary artery disease risk in meta‐analysis of the hyperlipidemic families and the population cohort (high LDL‐C: hazard ratio, 1.74 [95% CI, 1.48–2.04]; high triacylglycerides: hazard ratio, 1.38 [95% CI, 1.09–1.74]). Risk estimates were similar in the family and population cohorts also after adjusting for lipid‐lowering medication. In lipidomic profiling, high LDL‐C associated with 108 lipid species, and high triacylglycerides associated with 131 lipid species in either cohort (at 5% false discovery rate; P‐value range 0.038–2.3×10−56). Lipidomic profiles were highly similar for hyperlipidemic individuals in the families and the population (LDL‐C: r=0.80; triacylglycerides: r=0.96; no lipid species deviated between the cohorts). Conclusions Hyperlipidemias with family history conferred similar coronary artery disease risk as population‐based hyperlipidemias. We identified distinct lipidomic profiles associated with high LDL‐C and triacylglycerides. Lipidomic profiles were similar between hyperlipidemias with family history and population‐ascertained hyperlipidemias, providing evidence of similar and overlapping underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joel T Rämö
- 1 Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland HiLIFE University of Helsinki Finland
| | - Pietari Ripatti
- 1 Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland HiLIFE University of Helsinki Finland
| | - Rubina Tabassum
- 1 Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland HiLIFE University of Helsinki Finland
| | - Sanni Söderlund
- 2 Research Programs Unit Clinical and Molecular Metabolism University of Helsinki Finland.,3 Endocrinology Abdominal Center Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
| | - Niina Matikainen
- 2 Research Programs Unit Clinical and Molecular Metabolism University of Helsinki Finland.,3 Endocrinology Abdominal Center Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
| | | | | | - Michal A Surma
- 4 Lipotype GmbH Dresden Germany.,5 Łukasiewicz Research Network-PORT Polish Center for Technology Development Wroclaw Poland
| | - Nathan O Stitziel
- 6 Cardiovascular Division Department of Medicine Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MO.,7 Department of Genetics Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MO.,8 McDonnell Genome Institute Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MO
| | - Aki S Havulinna
- 1 Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland HiLIFE University of Helsinki Finland.,9 National Institute for Health and Welfare Helsinki Finland
| | - Matti Pirinen
- 1 Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland HiLIFE University of Helsinki Finland.,10 Department of Mathematics and Statistics Faculty of Science University of Helsinki Finland.,16 Department of Public Health Clinicum Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Finland
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- 9 National Institute for Health and Welfare Helsinki Finland
| | - Nelson B Freimer
- 11 Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior University of California Los Angeles CA
| | - Matti Jauhiainen
- 9 National Institute for Health and Welfare Helsinki Finland.,12 Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research Biomedicum Helsinki Finland
| | - Aarno Palotie
- 1 Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland HiLIFE University of Helsinki Finland.,13 Program in Medical and Population Genetics and The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA.,14 Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit Department of Psychiatry, Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit Department of Medicine, and the Department of Neurology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA
| | - Marja-Riitta Taskinen
- 2 Research Programs Unit Clinical and Molecular Metabolism University of Helsinki Finland
| | - Kai Simons
- 4 Lipotype GmbH Dresden Germany.,15 Max Planck Institute of Cell Biology and Genetics Dresden Germany
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- 1 Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland HiLIFE University of Helsinki Finland.,13 Program in Medical and Population Genetics and The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA.,16 Department of Public Health Clinicum Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Finland
| |
Collapse
|