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Herb M. NADPH Oxidase 3: Beyond the Inner Ear. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:219. [PMID: 38397817 PMCID: PMC10886416 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were formerly known as mere byproducts of metabolism with damaging effects on cellular structures. The discovery and description of NADPH oxidases (Nox) as a whole enzyme family that only produce this harmful group of molecules was surprising. After intensive research, seven Nox isoforms were discovered, described and extensively studied. Among them, the NADPH oxidase 3 is the perhaps most underrated Nox isoform, since it was firstly discovered in the inner ear. This stigma of Nox3 as "being only expressed in the inner ear" was also used by me several times. Therefore, the question arose whether this sentence is still valid or even usable. To this end, this review solely focuses on Nox3 and summarizes its discovery, the structural components, the activating and regulating factors, the expression in cells, tissues and organs, as well as the beneficial and detrimental effects of Nox3-mediated ROS production on body functions. Furthermore, the involvement of Nox3-derived ROS in diseases progression and, accordingly, as a potential target for disease treatment, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Herb
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50935 Cologne, Germany;
- German Centre for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), 50931 Cologne, Germany
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Li C, Xia J, Yiminniyaze R, Dong L, Li S. Hub Genes and Immune Cell Infiltration in Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension: Bioinformatics Analysis and In Vivo Validation. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2023; 26:2085-2097. [PMID: 36718060 DOI: 10.2174/1386207326666230130093325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH) represents a severe pulmonary disorder with high morbidity and mortality, which necessitates identifying the critical molecular mechanisms underlying HPH pathogenesis. METHODS The mRNA expression microarray GSE15197 (containing 8 pulmonary tissues from HPH and 13 normal controls) was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Gene ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were executed by RStudio software. The Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network was visualized and established using Cytoscape, and the cytoHubba app from Cytoscape was used to pick out the hub modules. The infiltration of immune cells in HPH was analyzed using the CIBERSORTx. To confirm the potential hub genes, real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) was conducted using lung tissues of rat HPH models and controls. RESULTS A total of 852 upregulated and 547 downregulated genes were identified. The top terms in biological processes were apoptosis, proliferation, and regulation of the MAPK cascade, including ERK1/2. Cytoplasm, cytosol, and membrane were enriched in cellular component groups. Molecular functions mainly focus on protein binding, protein serine/threonine kinase activity and identical protein binding. KEGG analysis identified pathways in cancer, regulation of actin cytoskeleton and rap1 signaling pathway. There was significantly different immune cell infiltration between HPH and normal control samples. High proportions of the memory subsets of B cells and CD4 cells, Macrophages M2 subtype, and resting Dendritic cells were found in HPH samples, while high proportions of naive CD4 cells and resting mast cells were found in normal control samples. The qRT-PCR results showed that among the ten identified hub modules, FBXL3, FBXL13 and XCL1 mRNA levels were upregulated, while NEDD4L, NPFFR2 and EDN3 were downregulated in HPH rats compared with control rats. CONCLUSION Our study revealed the key genes and the involvement of immune cell infiltration in HPH, thus providing new insight into the pathogenesis of HPH and potential treatment targets for patients with HPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengwei Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Jingwen Xia
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Ruzetuoheti Yiminniyaze
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Liang Dong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Shengqing Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
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Harris ZM, Sun Y, Joerns J, Clark B, Hu B, Korde A, Sharma L, Shin HJ, Manning EP, Placek L, Unutmaz D, Stanley G, Chun H, Sauler M, Rajagopalan G, Zhang X, Kang MJ, Koff JL. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibition Is Protective in Hyperoxia-Induced Lung Injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9518592. [PMID: 36193076 PMCID: PMC9526641 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9518592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Aims Studies have linked severe hyperoxia, or prolonged exposure to very high oxygen levels, with worse clinical outcomes. This study investigated the role of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in hyperoxia-induced lung injury at very high oxygen levels (>95%). Results Effects of severe hyperoxia (100% oxygen) were studied in mice with genetically inhibited EGFR and wild-type littermates. Despite the established role of EGFR in lung repair, EGFR inhibition led to improved survival and reduced acute lung injury, which prompted an investigation into this protective mechanism. Endothelial EGFR genetic knockout did not confer protection. EGFR inhibition led to decreased levels of cleaved caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribosyl) polymerase (PARP) and decreased terminal dUTP nick end labeling- (TUNEL-) positive staining in alveolar epithelial cells and reduced ERK activation, which suggested reduced apoptosis in vivo. EGFR inhibition decreased hyperoxia (95%)-induced apoptosis and ERK in murine alveolar epithelial cells in vitro, and CRISPR-mediated EGFR deletion reduced hyperoxia-induced apoptosis and ERK in human alveolar epithelial cells in vitro. Innovation. This work defines a protective role of EGFR inhibition to decrease apoptosis in lung injury induced by 100% oxygen. This further characterizes the complex role of EGFR in acute lung injury and outlines a novel hyperoxia-induced cell death pathway that warrants further study. Conclusion In conditions of severe hyperoxia (>95% for >24 h), EGFR inhibition led to improved survival, decreased lung injury, and reduced cell death. These findings further elucidate the complex role of EGFR in acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary M. Harris
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
| | - Ying Sun
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
| | - John Joerns
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care; Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA 75390
| | - Brian Clark
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
| | - Buqu Hu
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
| | - Asawari Korde
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
| | - Lokesh Sharma
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
| | - Hyeon Jun Shin
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
| | - Edward P. Manning
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lindsey Placek
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut 06032, USA
| | - Derya Unutmaz
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut 06032, USA
| | - Gail Stanley
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
| | - Hyung Chun
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
| | - Maor Sauler
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
| | - Govindarajan Rajagopalan
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
| | - Xuchen Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
| | - Min-Jong Kang
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
| | - Jonathan L. Koff
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA 06510
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Alva R, Mirza M, Baiton A, Lazuran L, Samokysh L, Bobinski A, Cowan C, Jaimon A, Obioru D, Al Makhoul T, Stuart JA. Oxygen toxicity: cellular mechanisms in normobaric hyperoxia. Cell Biol Toxicol 2022; 39:111-143. [PMID: 36112262 PMCID: PMC9483325 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-022-09773-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In clinical settings, oxygen therapy is administered to preterm neonates and to adults with acute and chronic conditions such as COVID-19, pulmonary fibrosis, sepsis, cardiac arrest, carbon monoxide poisoning, and acute heart failure. In non-clinical settings, divers and astronauts may also receive supplemental oxygen. In addition, under current standard cell culture practices, cells are maintained in atmospheric oxygen, which is several times higher than what most cells experience in vivo. In all the above scenarios, the elevated oxygen levels (hyperoxia) can lead to increased production of reactive oxygen species from mitochondria, NADPH oxidases, and other sources. This can cause cell dysfunction or death. Acute hyperoxia injury impairs various cellular functions, manifesting ultimately as physiological deficits. Chronic hyperoxia, particularly in the neonate, can disrupt development, leading to permanent deficiencies. In this review, we discuss the cellular activities and pathways affected by hyperoxia, as well as strategies that have been developed to ameliorate injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Alva
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Maha Mirza
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Adam Baiton
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Lucas Lazuran
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Lyuda Samokysh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Ava Bobinski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Cale Cowan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Alvin Jaimon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Dede Obioru
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Tala Al Makhoul
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Jeffrey A Stuart
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada.
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Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 1 Alone Is Dispensable for Hyperoxia-Mediated Alveolar and Pulmonary Vascular Simplification in Neonatal Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061130. [PMID: 35740027 PMCID: PMC9219973 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a morbid lung disease distinguished by lung alveolar and vascular simplification. Hyperoxia, an important BPD causative factor, increases extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK)-1/2 expression, whereas decreased lung endothelial cell ERK2 expression reduces angiogenesis and potentiates hyperoxia-mediated BPD in mice. However, ERK1′s role in experimental BPD is unclear. Thus, we hypothesized that hyperoxia-induced experimental BPD would be more severe in global ERK1-knockout (ERK1-/-) mice than their wild-type (ERK1+/+ mice) littermates. We determined the extent of lung development, ERK1/2 expression, inflammation, and oxidative stress in ERK1-/- and ERK1+/+ mice exposed to normoxia (FiO2 21%) or hyperoxia (FiO2 70%). We also quantified the extent of angiogenesis and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production in hyperoxia-exposed neonatal human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs) with normal and decreased ERK1 signaling. Compared with ERK1+/+ mice, ERK1-/- mice displayed increased pulmonary ERK2 activation upon hyperoxia exposure. However, the extent of hyperoxia-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and interrupted lung development was similar in ERK1-/- and ERK1+/+ mice. ERK1 knockdown in HPMECs increased ERK2 activation at baseline, but did not affect in vitro angiogenesis and hyperoxia-induced H2O2 production. Thus, we conclude ERK1 is dispensable for hyperoxia-induced experimental BPD due to compensatory ERK2 activation.
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Harijith A, Basa P, Ha A, Thomas J, Jafri A, Fu P, MacFarlane PM, Raffay TM, Natarajan V, Sudhadevi T. NOX4 Mediates Epithelial Cell Death in Hyperoxic Acute Lung Injury Through Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:880878. [PMID: 35662702 PMCID: PMC9160661 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.880878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Management of acute respiratory distress involves O2 supplementation, which is lifesaving, but causes severe hyperoxic acute lung injury (HALI). NADPH oxidase (NOX) could be a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in hyperoxia (HO). Epithelial cell death is a crucial step in the development of many lung diseases. Alveolar type II (AT2) cells are the metabolically active epithelial cells of alveoli that serve as a source of AT1 cells following lung injury. The aim of this study was to determine the possible role of AT2 epithelial cell NOX4 in epithelial cell death from HALI. Wild type (WT), Nox4 fl/fl (control), and Nox4 -/- Spc-Cre mice were exposed to room air (NO) or 95% O2 (HO) to investigate the structural and functional changes in the lung. C57BL/6J WT animals subjected to HO showed increased expression of lung NOX4 compared to NO. Significant HALI, increased bronchoalveolar lavage cell counts, increased protein levels, elevated proinflammatory cytokines and increased AT2 cell death seen in hyperoxic Nox4 fl/fl control mice were attenuated in HO-exposed Nox4 -/- Spc-Cre mice. HO-induced expression of NOX4 in MLE cells resulted in increased mitochondrial (mt) superoxide production and cell apoptosis, which was reduced in NOX4 siRNA silenced cells. This study demonstrates a novel role for epithelial cell NOX4 in accelerating lung epithelial cell apoptosis from HALI. Deletion of the Nox4 gene in AT2 cells or silencing NOX4 in lung epithelial cells protected the lungs from severe HALI with reduced apoptosis and decreased mt ROS production in HO. These results suggest NOX4 as a potential target for the treatment of HALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anantha Harijith
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Prathima Basa
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Alison Ha
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jaya Thomas
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Anjum Jafri
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Panfeng Fu
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Peter M. MacFarlane
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Thomas M. Raffay
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Viswanathan Natarajan
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Tara Sudhadevi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
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ERK: A Double-Edged Sword in Cancer. ERK-Dependent Apoptosis as a Potential Therapeutic Strategy for Cancer. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102509. [PMID: 34685488 PMCID: PMC8533760 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway regulates diverse cellular processes as exemplified by cell proliferation, differentiation, motility, and survival. Activation of ERK1/2 generally promotes cell proliferation, and its deregulated activity is a hallmark of many cancers. Therefore, components and regulators of the ERK pathway are considered potential therapeutic targets for cancer, and inhibitors of this pathway, including some MEK and BRAF inhibitors, are already being used in the clinic. Notably, ERK1/2 kinases also have pro-apoptotic functions under certain conditions and enhanced ERK1/2 signaling can cause tumor cell death. Although the repertoire of the compounds which mediate ERK activation and apoptosis is expanding, and various anti-cancer compounds induce ERK activation while exerting their anti-proliferative effects, the mechanisms underlying ERK1/2-mediated cell death are still vague. Recent studies highlight the importance of dual-specificity phosphatases (DUSPs) in determining the pro- versus anti-apoptotic function of ERK in cancer. In this review, we will summarize the recent major findings in understanding the role of ERK in apoptosis, focusing on the major compounds mediating ERK-dependent apoptosis. Studies that further define the molecular targets of these compounds relevant to cell death will be essential to harnessing these compounds for developing effective cancer treatments.
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Dugbartey GJ. Carbon monoxide as an emerging pharmacological tool to improve lung and liver transplantation protocols. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 193:114752. [PMID: 34487717 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) has long been considered purely as a toxic gas. It binds to hemoglobin at high concentrations and displaces oxygen from its binding site, resulting in carboxyhemoglobin formation, which reduces oxygen-carrying capacity of blood and culminates in tissue hypoxia and its associated complications. Recently, however, CO is quickly moving past its historic notorious tag as a poisonous gas to a physiological signaling molecule with therapeutic potentials in several clinical situations including transplant-induced injury. This review discusses current knowledge of CO gas and CO-releasing molecules (CO-RMs) in preclinical models of lung and liver transplantation, and underlying molecular mechanisms of cyto- and organ protection during organ procurement, preservation, implantation and post-transplant periods. In addition, a discussion of the future of CO in clinical organ transplantation is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- George J Dugbartey
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, London Health Sciences Center, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Matthew Mailing Center for Translational Transplant Studies, London Health Sciences Center, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Multi-Organ Transplant Program, Western University, London Health Sciences Center, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
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Voss L, Guttek K, Reddig A, Reinhold A, Voss M, Simeoni L, Schraven B, Reinhold D. Pitavastatin Is a Highly Potent Inhibitor of T-Cell Proliferation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14080727. [PMID: 34451823 PMCID: PMC8399298 DOI: 10.3390/ph14080727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Repositioning of approved drugs is an alternative time- and cost-saving strategy to classical drug development. Statins are 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG CoA) reductase inhibitors that are usually used as cholesterol-lowering medication, and they also exhibit anti-inflammatory effects. In the present study, we observed that the addition of Pitavastatin at nanomolar concentrations inhibits the proliferation of CD3/CD28 antibody-stimulated human T cells of healthy donors in a dose-dependent fashion. The 50% inhibition of proliferation (IC50) were 3.6 and 48.5 nM for freshly stimulated and pre-activated T cells, respectively. In addition, Pitavastatin suppressed the IL-10 and IL-17 production of stimulated T cells. Mechanistically, we found that treatment of T cells with doses <1 µM of Pitavastatin induced hyperphosphorylation of ERK1/2, and activation of caspase-9, -3 and -7, thus leading to apoptosis. Mevalonic acid, cholesterol and the MEK1/2 inhibitor U0126 reversed this Pitavastatin-mediated ERK1/2 activation and apoptosis of T cells. In summary, our results suggest that Pitavastatin is a highly potent inhibitor of T-cell proliferation, which induces apoptosis via pro-apoptotic ERK1/2 activation, thus representing a potential repositioning candidate for the treatment of T-cell-mediated autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Voss
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (L.V.); (K.G.); (A.R.); (A.R.); (M.V.); (L.S.); (B.S.)
| | - Karina Guttek
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (L.V.); (K.G.); (A.R.); (A.R.); (M.V.); (L.S.); (B.S.)
| | - Annika Reddig
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (L.V.); (K.G.); (A.R.); (A.R.); (M.V.); (L.S.); (B.S.)
| | - Annegret Reinhold
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (L.V.); (K.G.); (A.R.); (A.R.); (M.V.); (L.S.); (B.S.)
- Health Campus Immunology, Infection and Inflammation (GC-I3), Medical Fakulty, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Martin Voss
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (L.V.); (K.G.); (A.R.); (A.R.); (M.V.); (L.S.); (B.S.)
| | - Luca Simeoni
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (L.V.); (K.G.); (A.R.); (A.R.); (M.V.); (L.S.); (B.S.)
- Health Campus Immunology, Infection and Inflammation (GC-I3), Medical Fakulty, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Burkhart Schraven
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (L.V.); (K.G.); (A.R.); (A.R.); (M.V.); (L.S.); (B.S.)
- Health Campus Immunology, Infection and Inflammation (GC-I3), Medical Fakulty, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Reinhold
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (L.V.); (K.G.); (A.R.); (A.R.); (M.V.); (L.S.); (B.S.)
- Health Campus Immunology, Infection and Inflammation (GC-I3), Medical Fakulty, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-391-6715857
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Jia L, Hao H, Wang C, Wei J. Etomidate attenuates hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury in mice by modulating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:785. [PMID: 34055084 PMCID: PMC8145798 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of etomidate on hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury in mice, particularly on the nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) pathway. Fifty specific pathogen-free mice were randomly divided into the blank control, model, high oxygen exposure + low etomidate dose (0.3 mg·kg-1), a high oxygen exposure + moderate etomidate dose (3 mg·kg-1), and a high oxygen exposure + high etomidate dose (10 mg·kg-1) groups, with ten mice allotted per group. After 72 h, the mice were sacrificed and the lung tissues were harvested, and the wet-to-dry (W/D) ratio of the tissues was calculated. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed to observe the pathological changes in the lung tissues, and the lung injury score (LIS) was calculated. The mRNA and protein expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 were measured. The malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) levels were also measured, and interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and IL-10 concentrations in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were determined. At low and moderate doses, etomidate decreased pathological damage in the lung tissue, decreased the LIS and W/D ratio, upregulated Nrf2 and HO-1 mRNA and protein expression, decreased IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α concentrations, increased MPO activity and IL-10 levels, suppressed the production of the oxidation product MDA, and enhanced the activities of the antioxidant enzymes CAT and SOD. Within a certain dose range, etomidate enhanced antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in mice, thereby decreasing lung injury induced by the chronic inhalation of oxygen at high concentrations. Furthermore, the underlying mechanism may be associate with the upregulation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, P.R. China
| | - Hongzhong Hao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, P.R. China
| | - Chunyu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, P.R. China
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11
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Giri AK, Sahu NP, Dash G. Improvement in the growth status and carbohydrate utilization of Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) fingerlings with dietary supplementation of chromium picolinate. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2021; 47:599-616. [PMID: 33611776 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-021-00934-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A 60-day feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary chromium (Cr) on carbohydrate utilization and growth performance of Labeo rohita fingerlings. Fishes were fed with four high carbohydrate (53%), isonitrogenous (crude protein 35%), and isocaloric (415 Kcal, 100 gm-1) experimental diets containing different levels of dietary chromium picolinate (Cr-Pic) viz.0, 400, 800, and 1200 μg kg-1 diet. Weight gain (WG%), specific growth rate (SGR), feed efficiency ratio (FER), and protein efficiency ratio (PER) were significantly increased at 800 μg kg-1 diet chromium supplementation (P < 0.05). Cr-Pic supplementation (800 μg kg-1) also significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced the protein: DNA ratio in muscle, while DNA: RNA and DNA: tissue ratios were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased indicating higher growth. Significantly higher amylase, protease, and lipase activities were recorded in 800 μg Cr-Pic kg-1 diet fed fishes (P < 0.05), while any of the experimental groups showing no significant (P > 0.05) change in hexokinase activity, indicating normal glycolysis in all. Furthermore, significant (P < 0.05) decrease of glucose-6-phospatase activity in 800 μg Cr-Pic kg-1 diet fed group, showcasing an evidence for protein-sparing action with Cr-Pic supplementation. Significantly (P < 0.05) higher serum insulin and liver glycogen in 800 μg Cr-Pic kg-1 diet fed fishes denote an improvement in carbohydrate metabolism. However, significantly (P < 0.05) higher ATPase and SOD activities were also observed when chromium supplementation was more than 800 μg kg-1 diet, indicating stress at higher level. The present study indicates that growth and carbohydrate utilization can significantly (P < 0.05) be improved by feeding the L. rohita fingerlings with Cr-Pic (800 μg kg-1 diet) supplemented diet in laboratory condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhay Kumar Giri
- ICAR- Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400061, India.
- ICAR- Directorate of Coldwater Fisheries Research, Bhimtal, Nainital, Uttarakhand, 263136, India.
| | - Narottam Prasad Sahu
- ICAR- Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400061, India
| | - Gyanaranjan Dash
- ICAR- Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400061, India
- ICAR- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Digha Research Centre, Ramnagar, Medinipur, West Bengal, 721441, India
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12
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Shi G, Wang Y, Yang J, Liu T, Luo F, Jin G, Ma Y, Zhang Y. Effect of Cryptotanshinone on Measures of Rat Cardiomyocyte Oxidative Stress and Gene Activation Associated with Apoptosis. Cardiorenal Med 2020; 11:18-26. [PMID: 33326961 DOI: 10.1159/000507184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress is a key factor that results in cardiomyocyte apoptosis and cardiovascular diseases. Cryptotanshinone (CTS), one of the major bioactive constitutes extracted from the root of the plant Salvia miltiorrhizaBunge, has been widely studied for various disease treatments. However, the roles of CTS on cardiomyocytes remain unclear. METHODS In the present study, neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were pretreated with CTS for 4 h before being exposed to H2O2. Cell viability for the cells with or without pretreatment with CTS before exposure to H2O2 was evaluated by the MTT assay. Production of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxides (GSH-Px) was quantified by corresponding detection kits. The mRNA levels of Bcl-2 antiapoptotic and Bax-like proapoptotic genes were quantified with RT-PCR. Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was qualified and quantified with a dichlorofluorescein diacetate cellular ROS detection assay kit. The extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) phosphorylation and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation were measured by Western blot. RESULTS Our results revealed that the CTS pretreatment could enhance cell viability and promote Bcl-2 antiapoptotic gene expression. Additionally, CTS could abolish the H2O2-induced production of NO, LDH, and PGE2. Consistent with these findings, CTS could inhibit ROS and MDA production and promote SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px activities. Mechanistically, CTS may achieve these processes by inhibiting ERK and NF-κB signal pathways. CONCLUSION CTS protects cardiomyocytes against the H2O2-induced cellular injuries through ERK and NF-κB inactivation and ROS scavenging. Therefore, CTS is a promising reagent against ROS-induced cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Pingxiang People's Hospital, Pingxiang, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Pingxiang People's Hospital, Pingxiang, China
| | - Fei Luo
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Guoyin Jin
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Yongpeng Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China,
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13
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Wu SH, Hsieh CC, Hsu SC, Yao M, Hsiao JK, Wang SW, Lin CP, Huang DM. RBC-derived vesicles as a systemic delivery system of doxorubicin for lysosomal-mitochondrial axis-improved cancer therapy. J Adv Res 2020; 30:185-196. [PMID: 34026295 PMCID: PMC8132207 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chemotherapeutic drugs are the main intervention for cancer management, but many drawbacks impede their clinical applications. Nanoparticles as drug delivery systems (DDSs) offer much promise to solve these limitations. Objectives A novel nanocarrier composed of red blood cell (RBC)-derived vesicles (RDVs) surface-linked with doxorubicin (Dox) using glutaraldehyde (glu) to form Dox-gluRDVs was investigated for improved cancer therapy. Methods We investigated the in vivo antineoplastic performance of Dox-gluRDVs through intravenous (i.v.) administration in the mouse model bearing subcutaneous (s.c.) B16F10 tumor and examined the in vitro antitumor mechanism and efficacy in a panel of cancer cell lines. Results Dox-gluRDVs can exert superior anticancer activity than free Dox in vitro and in vivo. Distinct from free Dox that is mainly located in the nucleus, but instead Dox-gluRDVs release and efficiently deliver the majority of their conjugated Dox into lysosomes. In vitro mechanism study reveals the critical role of lysosomal Dox accumulation-mediated mitochondrial ROS overproduction followed by the mitochondrial membrane potential loss and the activation of apoptotic signaling for superior anticancer activity of Dox-gluRDVs. Conclusion This work demonstrates the great potential of RDVs to serve a biological DDS of Dox for systemic administration to improve conventional cancer chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hui Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chu Hsieh
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Chun Hsu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
| | - Ming Yao
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Kai Hsiao
- Department of Medical Imaging, Taipei Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wei Wang
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 252005, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Peng Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
| | - Dong-Ming Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
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14
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Wang Z, Wu D, Tachibana H, Feng M, Cheng XJ. Identification and biochemical characterisation of Acanthamoeba castellanii cysteine protease 3. Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:592. [PMID: 33228764 PMCID: PMC7685649 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04474-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acanthamoeba spp. are free-living amoeba that are ubiquitously distributed in the environment. This study examines pathogenic Acanthamoeba cysteine proteases (AcCPs) belonging to the cathepsin L-family and explores the mechanism of AcCP3 interaction with host cells. METHODS Six AcCP genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Quantitative real-time PCR was used to analyse the relative mRNA expression of AcCPs during the encystation process and between pre- and post-reactivated trophozoites. To further verify the role of AcCP3 in these processes, AcCP3 recombinant proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli, and the hydrolytic activity of AcCP3 was determined. The influence of the AcCP3 on the hydrolytic activity of trophozoites and the toxicity of trophozoites to human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) was examined by inhibiting AcCP3 expression using siRNA. Furthermore, the levels of p-Raf and p-Erk were examined in HCECs following coculture with AcCP3 gene knockdown trophozoites by Western blotting. RESULTS During encystation, five out of six AcCPs exhibited decreased expression, and only AcCP6 was substantially up-regulated at the mRNA level, indicating that most AcCPs were not directly correlated to encystation. Furthermore, six AcCPs exhibited increased expression level following trophozoite reactivation with HEp-2 cells, particularly AcCP3, indicating that these AcCPs might be virulent factors. After refolding of recombinant AcCP3 protein, the 27 kDa mature protein from the 34 kDa pro-protein hydrolysed host haemoglobin, collagen and albumin and showed high activity in an acidic environment. After AcCP3 knockdown, the hydrolytic activity of trophozoite crude protein against gelatin was decreased, suggesting that these trophozoites had decreased toxicity. Compared with untreated trophozoites or negative control siRNA-treated trophozoites, AcCP3-knockdown trophozoites were less able to penetrate and damage monolayers of HCECs. Western blot analysis showed that the activation levels of the Ras/Raf/Erk/p53 signalling pathways in HCECs decreased after inhibiting the expression of trophozoite AcCP3. CONCLUSIONS AcCP6 was correlated to encystation. Furthermore, AcCP3 was a virulent factor in trophozoites and participated in the activation of the Ras/Raf/Erk/p53 signalling pathways of host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Wang
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Duo Wu
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hiroshi Tachibana
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Meng Feng
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Xun-Jia Cheng
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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15
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Song Y, Sun X, Duan F, He C, Wu J, Huang X, Xing K, Sun S, Wang R, Xie F, Mao Y, Wang J, Li S. SYPL1 Inhibits Apoptosis in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma via Suppression of ROS-Induced ERK Activation. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1482. [PMID: 33042794 PMCID: PMC7522464 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptophysin-like 1 (SYPL1) is a neuroendocrine-related protein. The role of SYPL1 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and the underlying molecular mechanism remain unclarified. Here, after analyzing five datasets (GSE15471, GSE16515, GSE28735, TCGA, and PACA-AU) and 78 PDAC patients from Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, we demonstrated that SYPL1 was upregulated in PDAC and that a high level of SYPL1 indicated poor prognosis. Bioinformatics analysis implied that SYPL1 was related to cell proliferation and cell death. To validate these findings, gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments were carried out, and we found that SYPL1 promoted cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo and that it protected cells from apoptosis. Mechanistic studies revealed that sustained extracellular-regulated protein kinase (ERK) activation was responsible for the cell death resulting from knockdown of SYPL1. In addition, bioinformatics analysis showed that the expression of SYPL1 positively correlated with antioxidant activity. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were upregulated in cells with SYPL1 knockdown and vice versa. Upregulated ROS led to ERK activation and cell death. These results suggest that SYPL1 plays a vital role in PDAC and promotes cancer cell survival by suppressing ROS-induced ERK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunda Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuesong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangting Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaobin He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiali Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaili Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuxin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruiqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengxiao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yize Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Sitapara RA, Gauthier AG, Valdés-Ferrer SI, Lin M, Patel V, Wang M, Martino AT, Perron JC, Ashby CR, Tracey KJ, Pavlov VA, Mantell LL. The α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist, GTS-21, attenuates hyperoxia-induced acute inflammatory lung injury by alleviating the accumulation of HMGB1 in the airways and the circulation. Mol Med 2020; 26:63. [PMID: 32600307 PMCID: PMC7322715 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-020-00177-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oxygen therapy, using supraphysiological concentrations of oxygen (hyperoxia), is routinely administered to patients who require respiratory support including mechanical ventilation (MV). However, prolonged exposure to hyperoxia results in acute lung injury (ALI) and accumulation of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in the airways. We previously showed that airway HMGB1 mediates hyperoxia-induced lung injury in a mouse model of ALI. Cholinergic signaling through the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) attenuates several inflammatory conditions. The aim of this study was to determine whether 3–(2,4 dimethoxy-benzylidene)-anabaseine dihydrochloride, GTS-21, an α7nAChR partial agonist, inhibits hyperoxia-induced HMGB1 accumulation in the airways and circulation, and consequently attenuates inflammatory lung injury. Methods Mice were exposed to hyperoxia (≥99% O2) for 3 days and treated concurrently with GTS-21 (0.04, 0.4 and 4 mg/kg, i.p.) or the control vehicle, saline. Results The systemic administration of GTS-21 (4 mg/kg) significantly decreased levels of HMGB1 in the airways and the serum. Moreover, GTS-21 (4 mg/kg) significantly reduced hyperoxia-induced acute inflammatory lung injury, as indicated by the decreased total protein content in the airways, reduced infiltration of inflammatory monocytes/macrophages and neutrophils into the lung tissue and airways, and improved lung injury histopathology. Conclusions Our results indicate that GTS-21 can attenuate hyperoxia-induced ALI by inhibiting extracellular HMGB1-mediated inflammatory responses. This suggests that the α7nAChR represents a potential pharmacological target for the treatment regimen of oxidative inflammatory lung injury in patients receiving oxygen therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravikumar A Sitapara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. Albert Hall, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, New York, 11439, USA
| | - Alex G Gauthier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. Albert Hall, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, New York, 11439, USA
| | - Sergio I Valdés-Ferrer
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health System, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, New York, 11030, USA
| | - Mosi Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. Albert Hall, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, New York, 11439, USA
| | - Vivek Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. Albert Hall, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, New York, 11439, USA
| | - Mao Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. Albert Hall, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, New York, 11439, USA
| | - Ashley T Martino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. Albert Hall, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, New York, 11439, USA
| | - Jeanette C Perron
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. Albert Hall, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, New York, 11439, USA
| | - Charles R Ashby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. Albert Hall, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, New York, 11439, USA
| | - Kevin J Tracey
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health System, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, New York, 11030, USA
| | - Valentin A Pavlov
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health System, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, New York, 11030, USA.
| | - Lin L Mantell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. Albert Hall, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, New York, 11439, USA. .,Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health System, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, New York, 11030, USA.
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17
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Menon RT, Shrestha AK, Barrios R, Reynolds C, Shivanna B. Tie-2 Cre-Mediated Deficiency of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 2 Potentiates Experimental Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia-Associated Pulmonary Hypertension in Neonatal Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072408. [PMID: 32244398 PMCID: PMC7177249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)-associated pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a significant lung morbidity of infants, and disrupted lung angiogenesis is a hallmark of this disease. We observed that extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) 1/2 support angiogenesis in vitro, and hyperoxia activates ERK1/2 in fetal human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs) and in neonatal murine lungs; however, their role in experimental BPD and PH is unknown. Therefore, we hypothesized that Tie2 Cre-mediated deficiency of ERK2 in the endothelial cells of neonatal murine lungs would potentiate hyperoxia-induced BPD and PH. We initially determined the role of ERK2 in in vitro angiogenesis using fetal HPMECs. To disrupt endothelial ERK2 signaling in the lungs, we decreased ERK2 expression by breeding ERK2flox/flox mice with Tie-Cre mice. One-day-old endothelial ERK2-sufficient (eERK2+/+) or –deficient (eERK2+/−) mice were exposed to normoxia or hyperoxia (FiO2 70%) for 14 d. We then performed lung morphometry, gene and protein expression studies, and echocardiography to determine the extent of inflammation, oxidative stress, and development of lungs and PH. The knockdown of ERK2 in HPMECs decreased in vitro angiogenesis. Hyperoxia increased lung inflammation and oxidative stress, decreased lung angiogenesis and alveolarization, and induced PH in neonatal mice; however, these effects were augmented in the presence of Tie2-Cre mediated endothelial ERK2 deficiency. Therefore, we conclude that endothelial ERK2 signaling is necessary to mitigate hyperoxia-induced experimental BPD and PH in neonatal mice. Our results indicate that endothelial ERK2 is a potential therapeutic target for the management of BPD and PH in infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renuka T. Menon
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (R.T.M.); (A.K.S.)
| | - Amrit Kumar Shrestha
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (R.T.M.); (A.K.S.)
| | - Roberto Barrios
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Corey Reynolds
- Mouse Phenotyping Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Binoy Shivanna
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (R.T.M.); (A.K.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-832-824-6474; Fax: +1-832-825-3204
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18
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Seo M, Kim H, Lee JH, Park JW. Pelargonidin ameliorates acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice by inhibiting the ROS-induced inflammatory apoptotic response. Biochimie 2019; 168:10-16. [PMID: 31669604 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The common analgesic acetaminophen (N-acetyl-p-aminophenol, APAP) is non-toxic to the liver at therapeutic doses. However, an overdose of APAP can lead to APAP-induced liver failure, which has emerged as a serious issue in the US and Europe. Pelargonidin is an anthocyanidin found in pomegranates, plums, and various berries. Pelargonidin has strong antioxidant effects, directly scavenging superoxide radicals and inhibiting H₂O₂-induced lipid peroxidation. Focusing on these effects, we studied the preventative effect of pelargonidin on APAP-induced hepatotoxicity and its underlying mechanisms in vivo. We observed that pelargonidin mitigates serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activity, which are strongly associated with APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. We also found that pelargonidin reduced APAP-induced hepatic necrosis by removing excessive ROS. Hepatic necrosis stimulates the release of molecular pathogens that induce inflammation, which increases cell stress and can lead to apoptosis. Therefore, pelargonidin was able to reduce levels of necrosis, inflammation, and hepatocyte apoptosis. These results indicate that the administration of pelargonidin protects against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity and that it could be a novel protective strategy against APAP-induced liver failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minseok Seo
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Taegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjin Kim
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Taegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyup Lee
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeen-Woo Park
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Taegu, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Liu D, Wang Y, Li L, Zhao H, Li L, Liu Y, Jiang H, Li X, Zhang R. Celecoxib Protects Hyperoxia-Induced Lung Injury via NF-κB and AQP1. Front Pediatr 2019; 7:228. [PMID: 31231624 PMCID: PMC6568051 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2019.00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: There is an increasing incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BDP) in preterm infants in China, which is the key issue affecting their survival rate and life quality. This study was performed to better understand the mechanism of protective effect of celecoxib on hyperoxia induced injury. Methods: Hyperoxia BPD model was established using newborn Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats exposed to high O2 level (85%). Celecoxib treatment was also conducted. Histology of lung tissue samples were analyzed. Functional studies were systematically performed using the lung tissues and A549 cells. Results: Hyperoxia disrupted lung development in SD rats. Celecoxib alleviated the damaged lung development. NF-κB and Aquaporin (AQP) 1 were identified as the pathways in the hyperoxia-induced lung injury. We have shown that hyperoxia activated NF-κB pathway through increased nucleus translocation and repressed AQP1 expression. On the contrary, celecoxib inhibited NF-κB phosphorylation and nucleus translocation and increased AQP1 expression through inhibiting COX2 activity. Additionally, celecoxib also rescued apoptosis induced by hyperoxia. Conclusion: Our study identified NF-κB and AQP1 as the pathways in the hyperoxia-induced lung injury in the hyperoxia BPD model SD rats and it provided a better understanding of the protective effect of celecoxib. It suggests NF-κB and AQP1 may be as potential targets for treating newborns with BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyun Liu
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of QingDao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuguang Wang
- Pediatric Department, Liaocheng City People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Lili Li
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of QingDao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Han Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of QingDao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Liangliang Li
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of QingDao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of QingDao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of QingDao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xianghong Li
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of QingDao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of QingDao University, Qingdao, China
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Thomé GR, Oliveira VA, Chitolina Schetinger MR, Saraiva RA, Souza D, Dorneles Rodrigues OE, Teixeira Rocha JB, Ineu RP, Pereira ME. Selenothymidine protects against biochemical and behavioral alterations induced by ICV-STZ model of dementia in mice. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 294:135-143. [PMID: 30120923 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the neuroprotective effects of one selenium-containing AZT derivative compound (S1073) in memory and learning impairment caused by Intracerebroventricular-streptozotocin (ICV-STZ). ICV-STZ in mice causes impairment of energy metabolism with oxidative damage and cholinergic dysfunction, and provides a relevant model for sporadic dementia of Alzheimer's type (AD). Acetylcolinesterase (AChE), Catalase (CAT), dichlorofluorescein oxidation (DCFH), TBARS and thiol content were measured. Swiss adult mice were pre-treated with S1073 [1 mmol/kg] (i.p.) and after 30 min of the injection received a bilateral dose of STZ [11.3 μmol/l]. After 8 days' STZ injection, we performed the behavioral experiments (Beaker test, Open field and Morris water maze task). ICV-STZ caused significant learning and memory impairments, which were significantly improved by S1073 pre-treatment. A significant increase in cerebral DFCH, TBARS levels and AChE activity and a disturbance in the memory and learning were observed in ICV-STZ injected animals. S1073 significantly ameliorated all alterations induced by ICV-STZ in mice. All these findings support the neuroprotective role of S1073 in mice model of Alzheimer's dementia-type induced by ICV-STZ, which may be associated with its antioxidant activity and/or with its inhibitory effect in brain AChE. In fact, in silico analysis indicated that S1073 may be an inhibitor of AChE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Roberto Thomé
- Federal Technology University of Paraná, Post-Graduation Program of Chemical and Biochemical Processes, Brazil.
| | | | - Maria Rosa Chitolina Schetinger
- Federal University of Santa Maria, Post-Graduation Program of Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brazil
| | | | - Diego Souza
- Federal University of Santa Maria, Post-Graduation Program of Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brazil
| | - Oscar Endrigo Dorneles Rodrigues
- Federal University of Santa Maria, Post-Graduation Program of Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brazil
| | - João Batista Teixeira Rocha
- Federal University of Santa Maria, Post-Graduation Program of Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brazil
| | - Rafael Porto Ineu
- Federal Technology University of Paraná, Post-Graduation Program of Food Technology, Brazil
| | - Maria Ester Pereira
- Federal University of Santa Maria, Post-Graduation Program of Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brazil
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Time Dependent Pathway Activation of Signalling Cascades in Rat Organs after Short-Term Hyperoxia. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19071960. [PMID: 29973540 PMCID: PMC6073502 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Administration of oxygen is one of the most common interventions in medicine. Previous research showed that differential regulated proteins could be linked to hyperoxia-associated signaling cascades in different tissues. However, it still remains unclear which signaling pathways are activated by hyperoxia. The present study analyses hyperoxia-induced protein alterations in lung, brain, and kidney tissue using a proteomic and bioinformatic approach. Pooled data of 36 Wistar rats exposed to hyperoxia were used. To identify possible hyperoxia biomarkers, and to evaluate the relationship between protein alterations in hyperoxia affected organs and blood, proteomics data from brain, lung, and kidney were analyzed. Functional network analyses (IPA®, PathwaysStudio®, and GENEmania®) in combination with hierarchical cluster analysis (Perseus®) was used to identify relevant pathways and key proteins. Data of 54 2D-gels with more than 2500 significantly regulated spots per gel were collected. Thirty-eight differentially expressed proteins were identified and consecutively analyzed by bioinformatic methods. Most differences between hyperoxia and normoxia (21 proteins up-regulated, 17 proteins down-regulated) were found immediately after hyperoxia (15 protein spots), followed by day 3 (13 spots), and day 7 (10 spots). A highly significant association with inflammation and the inflammatory response was found. Cell proliferation, oxidative stress, apoptosis and cell death as well as cellular functions were revealed to be affected. Three hours of hyperoxia resulted in significant alterations of protein expression in different organs (brain, lung, kidney) up to seven days after exposure. Further studies are required to interpret the relevance of protein alterations in signaling cascades during/after hyperoxia.
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Li M, Pan B, Shi Y, Fu J, Xue X. Increased expression of CHOP and LC3B in newborn rats with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:1653-1665. [PMID: 29901175 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) seriously affects the health and prognosis of children, but the efficacy of treatments is poor. The present study aimed to examine the effects of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) and microtubule‑associated protein light chain 3β (LC3B), and the interaction between CHOP and LC3B, in newborn rats with BPD. At 1, 7, 14 and 21 days, the rats in the model [fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2)=80‑85%] and control groups (FiO2=21%) were randomly sacrificed, and lung samples were collected. Alveolar development was evaluated according to the radial alveolar count (RAC) and alveolar septum thickness. Ultrastructural changes were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the expression levels of CHOP, ATF4 and LC3B were determined by immunohistochemistry, and western blot and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses. The co‑localization of CHOP and LC3B in lung tissues was determined by immunofluorescence. The results showed that, compared with the control group, alveolarization arrest was present in the model group. The TEM observations revealed that, at 14 days, type II alveolar epithelial cell (AECII) lamellar bodies were damaged, with an apparent dilation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and autophagy in cells within the model group. Between days 7 and 14, the protein levels of ATF4, CHOP and LC3B were significantly increased in the model group. The mRNA levels of CHOP and LC3B were lower at days 7‑21. CHOP and LC3B were co‑localized in the cells of the lung tissues at day 14 in the model group. Pearson's correlation analysis showed that the protein levels of CHOP and LC3B‑II were positively correlated in the model groups. As in previous studies, the present study demonstrated that BPD damaged the AECII cells, which exhibited detached and sparse microvilli and the vacuolization of lamellar bodies. In addition, it was found that the ER was dilated, with autophagosomes containing ER and other organelles in AECII cells; the expression levels of CHOP and LC3B‑II were upregulated. CHOP and LC3B‑II may have joint involvement in the occurrence and development of BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyun Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Bingting Pan
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Yongyan Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Xindong Xue
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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Hyperoxia Disrupts Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinases 1/2-Induced Angiogenesis in the Developing Lungs. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051525. [PMID: 29783779 PMCID: PMC5983575 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperoxia contributes to the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease of infants that is characterized by interrupted alveologenesis. Disrupted angiogenesis inhibits alveologenesis, but the mechanisms of disrupted angiogenesis in the developing lungs are poorly understood. In pre-clinical BPD models, hyperoxia increases the expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) 1/2; however, its effects on the lung endothelial ERK1/2 signaling are unclear. Further, whether ERK1/2 activation promotes lung angiogenesis in infants is unknown. Hence, we tested the following hypotheses: (1) hyperoxia exposure will increase lung endothelial ERK1/2 signaling in neonatal C57BL/6J (WT) mice and in fetal human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs); (2) ERK1/2 inhibition will disrupt angiogenesis in vitro by repressing cell cycle progression. In mice, hyperoxia exposure transiently increased lung endothelial ERK1/2 activation at one week of life, before inhibiting it at two weeks of life. Interestingly, hyperoxia-mediated decrease in ERK1/2 activation in mice was associated with decreased angiogenesis and increased endothelial cell apoptosis. Hyperoxia also transiently activated ERK1/2 in HPAECs. ERK1/2 inhibition disrupted angiogenesis in vitro, and these effects were associated with altered levels of proteins that modulate cell cycle progression. Collectively, these findings support our hypotheses, emphasizing that the ERK1/2 pathway is a potential therapeutic target for BPD infants with decreased lung vascularization.
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Pereira MLM, Marinho CRF, Epiphanio S. Could Heme Oxygenase-1 Be a New Target for Therapeutic Intervention in Malaria-Associated Acute Lung Injury/Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome? Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018; 8:161. [PMID: 29868517 PMCID: PMC5964746 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Malaria is a serious disease and was responsible for 429,000 deaths in 2015. Acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) is one of the main clinical complications of severe malaria; it is characterized by a high mortality rate and can even occur after antimalarial treatment when parasitemia is not detected. Rodent models of ALI/ARDS show similar clinical signs as in humans when the rodents are infected with murine Plasmodium. In these models, it was shown that the induction of the enzyme heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) is protective against severe malaria complications, including cerebral malaria and ALI/ARDS. Increased lung endothelial permeability and upregulation of VEGF and other pro-inflammatory cytokines were found to be associated with malaria-associated ALI/ARDS (MA-ALI/ARDS), and both were reduced after HO-1 induction. Additionally, mice were protected against MA-ALI/ARDS after treatment with carbon monoxide- releasing molecules or with carbon monoxide, which is also released by the HO-1 activity. However, high HO-1 levels in inflammatory cells were associated with the respiratory burst of neutrophils and with an intensification of inflammation during episodes of severe malaria in humans. Here, we review the main aspects of HO-1 in malaria and ALI/ARDS, presenting the dual role of HO-1 and possibilities for therapeutic intervention by modulating this important enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo L M Pereira
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudio R F Marinho
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Epiphanio
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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25
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Machado M, Malheiro D, Couto A, Wilson JM, Guerreiro M, Azeredo R, Svendsen JC, Afonso A, Serradeiro R, Costas B. Acute hyperoxia induces systemic responses with no major changes in peripheral tissues in the Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis Kaup, 1858). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 74:260-267. [PMID: 29325709 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Senegalese sole Solea senegalensis is currently farmed in recirculation aquaculture systems that often involve water re-oxygenation, which in turn may cause acute or prolonged hyperoxia exposures. In order to understand the impact of acute hyperoxia on the fish immune system and peripheral tissues such as gills and gut, Senegalese sole juveniles (30.05 ± 1.72 g) were exposed to normoxia (100% O2sat) as control and two hyperoxic conditions (150 and 200% O2sat) and sampled at 4 and 24 h. Fish haematological profile, total and differential blood cell counts and plasma immune parameters were analysed. Histomorphology and immunofluorescence analyses of gills and intestine were performed, respectively, whereas head-kidney samples were used for assessing the expression of immune-related genes. Results indicate that acute hyperoxia exposure may reduce fish erythrocyte and haemoglobin levels. Moreover, decreases in total leucocytes numbers, circulating lymphocytes, monocytes, alternative complement pathway activity and expression of cyclooxygenase-2 were observed in fish exposed to hyperoxia. In contrast, hyperoxia did not induce major effects on gill histomorphology nor in the protein content of ion and glucose cotransporters as well as a macrophage marker (V-ATPase) in the intestine. Although the activation of humoral mechanisms and immune-related genes were not dramatically affected by acute hyperoxia, the compromised immune cell status and the reduction of some inflammatory indicators are issues to consider under acute hyperoxia conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Machado
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS-UP), Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Diogo Malheiro
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS-UP), Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Couto
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Jonathan M Wilson
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Avenue, Waterloo, N2L 3C5, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew Guerreiro
- Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Avenue, Waterloo, N2L 3C5, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rita Azeredo
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre 1021/1055, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jon C Svendsen
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; National Institute of Aquatic Resources (DTU Aqua), Technical University of Denmark, Jægersborg Allé 1, DK-2920, Charlottenlund, Denmark
| | - António Afonso
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS-UP), Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal
| | - Renata Serradeiro
- Sea8- Aquacria Piscícolas, SA, Rua do Lavadouro, Quintas do Norte, 3870-303, Torreira, Portugal
| | - Benjamín Costas
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS-UP), Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal
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Daghigh F, Alihemmati A, Karimi P, Habibi P, Ahmadiasl N. Genistein preserves the lungs of ovariectomized diabetic rats: addition to apoptotic and inflammatory markers in the lung. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2017; 20:1312-1317. [PMID: 29238465 PMCID: PMC5722990 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2017.9599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective(s): The role of isoflavones in pulmonary structure and function during menopause is not well studied. Moreover, the important role of estrogen in the physiological function of respiratory system has been revealed. Genistein, as an isoflavone, mimics estrogenic in diabetic and ovariectomized rats. Here, we hypothesized that genistein would reverse changes in the protein expression levels related to estrogen deficiency in the lung of ovariectomized diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Wistar female rats were assigned to four experimental groups (n=10 in each group): sham, rats underwent laparotomy without removing the ovaries; OVX, rats that underwent ovariectomy; OVX.D, rats underwent bilateral ovariectomy and were fed a high-fat diet (HFD); OVX.D.G, ovariectomized diabetic rats with genistein administration (1 mg/kg /day). After ovariectomy, rats continued to feed HFD for a 4-week period. After 4 weeks of HFD feeding, a single dose of 30 mg/kg of streptozotocin was administered in the diabetic group. Genistein was administered for eight weeks. At the end of the experiment, lung tissue was removed and Western blotting technique and hematoxylin-eosin staining were used for evaluation of the lung. Results: Treatment with genistein significantly decreased inflammatory and apoptotic biomarkers in the ovariectomized diabetic rats compared to non-treated animals (P<0.05). Also, genistein exerted a protective effect in the lung architecture. Conclusion: Genistein partly reversed ovariectomy-induced changes in apoptotic and inflammatory biomarkers in the lung. Our data suggest that genistein treatment as a natural replacement therapy may prevent the estrogen deficiency effects in the lung of diabetic menopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faeze Daghigh
- Tuberculosis and Lung Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Alihemmati
- Department of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Pouran Karimi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parisa Habibi
- Department of Physiology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Naser Ahmadiasl
- Tuberculosis and Lung Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Dietz RM, Wright CJ. Oxidative stress diseases unique to the perinatal period: A window into the developing innate immune response. Am J Reprod Immunol 2017; 79:e12787. [PMID: 29194835 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate immune system has evolved to play an integral role in the normally developing lung and brain. However, in response to oxidative stress, innate immunity, mediated by specific cellular and molecular programs and signaling, contributes to pathology in these same organ systems. Despite opposing drivers of oxidative stress, namely hyperoxia in neonatal lung injury and hypoxia/ischemia in neonatal brain injury, similar pathways-including toll-like receptors, NFκB and MAPK cascades-have been implicated in tissue damage. In this review, we consider recent insights into the innate immune response to oxidative stress in both neonatal and adult models to better understand hyperoxic lung injury and hypoxic-ischemic brain injury across development and aging. These insights support the development of targeted immunotherapeutic strategies to address the challenge of harnessing the innate immune system in oxidative stress diseases of the neonate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M Dietz
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Clyde J Wright
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
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28
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Abdelhafidh K, Ali M, Hassen K, Badreddine S, Jaume A, Sandra P, Ethel E, Damià B, Hamouda B, Ezzeddine M. Uptake and metabolism of carbamazepine (CBZ) by clam Ruditapes decussatus and its effects in biochemical responses. Xenobiotica 2017; 48:727-733. [DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2017.1354268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Khazri Abdelhafidh
- Environmental Biomonitoring Laboratory (LBE), Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Zarzouna, Tunisia,
| | - Mezni Ali
- Environmental Biomonitoring Laboratory (LBE), Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Zarzouna, Tunisia,
| | - Khazri Hassen
- Laboratory of Methods and Techniques of Analysis (LMTA), National Institute of Research and Physico-chemical Analysis (INRAP) Technological Pole 2020, Sidi Thabet, Ariana, Tunisia,
| | - Sellami Badreddine
- Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer, Tabarka, Tunisia,
| | - Aceña Jaume
- Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDÆA-CSIC, Jordi, Girona, Barcelona, Spain, and
| | - Pérez Sandra
- Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDÆA-CSIC, Jordi, Girona, Barcelona, Spain, and
| | - Eljarrat Ethel
- Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDÆA-CSIC, Jordi, Girona, Barcelona, Spain, and
| | - Barceló Damià
- Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDÆA-CSIC, Jordi, Girona, Barcelona, Spain, and
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), H2O Building, Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Beyrem Hamouda
- Environmental Biomonitoring Laboratory (LBE), Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Zarzouna, Tunisia,
| | - Mahmoudi Ezzeddine
- Environmental Biomonitoring Laboratory (LBE), Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Zarzouna, Tunisia,
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Probucol attenuates hyperoxia-induced lung injury in mice. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175129. [PMID: 28384256 PMCID: PMC5383131 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperoxic lung injury is pathologically characterized by alveolar edema, interlobular septal edema, hyaline membrane disease, lung inflammation, and alveolar hemorrhage. Although the precise mechanism by which hyperoxia causes lung injury is not well defined, oxidative stress, epithelial cell death, and proinflammatory cytokines are thought to be involved. Probucol—a commercially available drug for treating hypercholesterolemia—has been suggested to have antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects. This study aimed to assess whether probucol could attenuate hyperoxic lung injury in mice. Mice were exposed to 95% O2 for 72 h, with or without pre-treatment with 130 μg/kg probucol intratracheally. Probucol treatment significantly decreased both the number of inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and the degree of lung injury in hyperoxia-exposed mice. Probucol treatment reduced the number of cells positive for 8-hydroxyl-2′-deoxyguanosine or terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and suppressed NF-κB activation, Bax expression, and caspase-9 activation in lung tissues from hyperoxia-exposed mice. These results suggest that probucol can reduce oxidative DNA damage, apoptotic cell death, and inflammation in lung tissues. Intratracheal administration of probucol may be a novel treatment for lung diseases induced by oxidative stress, such as hyperoxic lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome.
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Molecular mechanisms underlying hyperoxia acute lung injury. Respir Med 2016; 119:23-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Berberine Protects Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells against LPS-Induced Apoptosis by Blocking JNK-Mediated Signaling. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:6983956. [PMID: 27478481 PMCID: PMC4961818 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6983956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is a critical factor during the initiation of atherosclerosis. Berberine has a beneficial effect on endothelial function; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of berberine on lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and the molecular mechanisms mediating the effect. The effects of berberine on LPS-induced cell apoptosis and viability were measured with 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine staining, flow cytometry, and Cell Counting Kit-8 assays. The expression and/or activation of proapoptotic and antiapoptotic proteins or signaling pathways, including caspase-3, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, myeloid cell leukemia-1 (MCL-1), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase, were determined with western blotting. The malondialdehyde levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and production of proinflammatory cytokines were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The results demonstrated that berberine pretreatment protected HUVECs from LPS-induced apoptosis, attenuated LPS-induced injury, inhibited LPS-induced JNK phosphorylation, increased MCL-1 expression and SOD activity, and decreased proinflammatory cytokine production. The effects of berberine on LPS-treated HUVECs were prevented by SP600125, a JNK-specific inhibitor. Thus, berberine might be a potential candidate in the treatment of endothelial cell injury-related vascular diseases.
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El-Mowafy AM, Katary MM, Pye C, Ibrahim AS, Elmarakby AA. Novel molecular triggers underlie valproate-induced liver injury and its alleviation by the omega-3 fatty acid DHA: role of inflammation and apoptosis. Heliyon 2016; 2:e00130. [PMID: 27441301 PMCID: PMC4946287 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2016.e00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aim Hepatic injury is a hallmark adverse reaction to Valproate (VPA), a common used drug in the management of numerous CNS disorders, including epilepsy. DHA has a myriad of health benefits, including renal- and hepato-protective effects. Unfortunately, however, the underpinnings of such liver-pertinent VPA- and DHA-actions remain largely undefined. Accordingly, this study attempted to unveil the cellular and molecular triggers whereby VPA evokes, while DHA abates, hepatotoxicity. Methods We evaluated activity and/or expression of cellular markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in rat liver, following treatment with VPA (500 mg/kg/day) with and without concurrent treatment with DHA (250 mg/kg/day) for two weeks. Results and conclusion VPA promoted hepatic oxidative stress as evidenced by enhancing activity/expression of NADPH-oxidase and its subunits, a ROS-generator, and by accumulation of lipid-peroxides. Moreover, VPA enhanced hepatic phosphorylation/activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and expression of cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2), as proinflammatory signals. Besides, VPA promoted hepatocellular apoptosis, as attested by enhanced expression of cleaved caspase-9 and increased number of TUNEL-positive hepatocytes. Lastly, VPA upregulated levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1-alpha (HIF-1α), a multifaceted modulator of hepatocytic biology, and activity of its downstream antioxidant enzyme heme-oxygenase-1(HO-1). These changes were significantly blunted by co-administration of DHA. Our findings demonstrate that VPA activated NADPH-oxidase and HIF-1α to induce oxidative-stress and hypoxia as initiators of hepatic injury. These changes were further aggravated by up-regulation of inflammatory (MAPK and COX-2) and apoptotic cascades, but could be partly lessened by HO-1 activation. Concurrent administration of DHA mitigated all VPA-induced anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdalla M El-Mowafy
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Industries, Future University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Katary
- Department of Oral Biology and Pharmacology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhur University, Egypt
| | - Chelsey Pye
- Department of Oral Biology and Pharmacology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA
| | - Ahmed S Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt; Department of Oral Biology and Pharmacology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA
| | - Ahmed A Elmarakby
- Department of Oral Biology and Pharmacology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA
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Harijith A, Pendyala S, Ebenezer DL, Ha AW, Fu P, Wang YT, Ma K, Toth PT, Berdyshev EV, Kanteti P, Natarajan V. Hyperoxia-induced p47phox activation and ROS generation is mediated through S1P transporter Spns2, and S1P/S1P1&2 signaling axis in lung endothelium. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 311:L337-51. [PMID: 27343196 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00447.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperoxia-induced lung injury adversely affects ICU patients and neonates on ventilator assisted breathing. The underlying culprit appears to be reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced lung damage. The major contributor of hyperoxia-induced ROS is activation of the multiprotein enzyme complex NADPH oxidase. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling is known to be involved in hyperoxia-mediated ROS generation; however, the mechanism(s) of S1P-induced NADPH oxidase activation is unclear. Here, we investigated various steps in the S1P signaling pathway mediating ROS production in response to hyperoxia in lung endothelium. Of the two closely related sphingosine kinases (SphKs)1 and 2, which synthesize S1P from sphingosine, only Sphk1(-/-) mice conferred protection against hyperoxia-induced lung injury. S1P is metabolized predominantly by S1P lyase and partial deletion of Sgpl1 (Sgpl1(+/-)) in mice accentuated lung injury. Hyperoxia stimulated S1P accumulation in human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVECs), and downregulation of S1P transporter spinster homolog 2 (Spns2) or S1P receptors S1P1&2, but not S1P3, using specific siRNA attenuated hyperoxia-induced p47(phox) translocation to cell periphery and ROS generation in HLMVECs. These results suggest a role for Spns2 and S1P1&2 in hyperoxia-mediated ROS generation. In addition, p47(phox) (phox:phagocyte oxidase) activation and ROS generation was also reduced by PF543, a specific SphK1 inhibitor in HLMVECs. Our data indicate a novel role for Spns2 and S1P1&2 in the activation of p47(phox) and production of ROS involved in hyperoxia-mediated lung injury in neonatal and adult mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anantha Harijith
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado; Department of Pharmacology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado;
| | - Srikanth Pendyala
- Department of Pharmacology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - David L Ebenezer
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Alison W Ha
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Panfeng Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Yue-Ting Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Ke Ma
- Department of Pathology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Peter T Toth
- Department of Pathology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | | | - Prasad Kanteti
- Department of Pharmacology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Viswanathan Natarajan
- Department of Pharmacology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado; Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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Cao H, Feng Y, Ning Y, Zhang Z, Li W, Li Q. Edaravone protects rats and human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells against hyperoxia injury: heme oxygenase-1 and PI3K/Akt pathway may be involved. Exp Lung Res 2016; 41:404-14. [PMID: 26151294 DOI: 10.3109/01902148.2015.1054053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE/AIM Hyperoxic acute lung injury (HALI) is a clinical syndrome as a result of prolonged supplement of high concentrations of oxygen. As yet, no specific treatment is available for HALI. The present study aims to investigate the effects of edaravone on hyperoxia-induced oxidative injury and the underlying mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS We treated rats and human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells with hyperoxia and different concentration of edaravone, then examined the effects of edaravone on cell viability, cell injury and two oxidative products. The roles of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and PI3K/Akt pathway were explored using Western blot and corresponding inhibitors. RESULTS The results showed that edaravone reduced lung biochemical alterations induced by hyperoxia and mortality of rats, dose-dependently alleviated cell mortality, cell injury, and peroxidation of cellular lipid and DNA oxidative damage. It upregulated cellular HO-1 expression and activity, which was reversed by PI3K/Akt pathway inhibition. The administration of zinc protoporphyrin-IX, a HO-1 inhibitor, and LY249002, a PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitor, abolished the protective effects of edaravone in cells. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that edaravone protects rats and human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells against hyperoxia-induced injury and the antioxidant effect may be related to upregulation of HO-1, which is regulated by PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Cao
- a 1 Department of Respiratory Diseases, ChangHai Hospital , Second Military Medical University , Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Feng
- b 2 Department of Respiratory Diseases, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai , Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Jing'An Branch , Shanghai, China
| | - Yunye Ning
- a 1 Department of Respiratory Diseases, ChangHai Hospital , Second Military Medical University , Shanghai, China
| | - Zinan Zhang
- b 2 Department of Respiratory Diseases, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai , Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Jing'An Branch , Shanghai, China
| | - Weihao Li
- b 2 Department of Respiratory Diseases, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai , Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Jing'An Branch , Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Li
- a 1 Department of Respiratory Diseases, ChangHai Hospital , Second Military Medical University , Shanghai, China
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Cathepsin E promotes pulmonary emphysema via mitochondrial fission. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 184:2730-41. [PMID: 25239563 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2014.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Emphysema is characterized by loss of lung elasticity and irreversible air space enlargement, usually in the later decades of life. The molecular mechanisms of emphysema remain poorly defined. We identified a role for a novel cathepsin, cathepsin E, in promoting emphysema by inducing mitochondrial fission. Unlike previously reported cysteine cathepsins, which have been implicated in cigarette smoke-induced lung disease, cathepsin E is a nonlysosomal intracellular aspartic protease whose function has been described only in antigen processing. We examined lung tissue sections of persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, a clinical entity that includes emphysematous change. Human chronic obstructive pulmonary disease lungs had markedly increased cathepsin E protein in the lung epithelium. We generated lung epithelial-targeted transgenic cathepsin E mice and found that they develop emphysema. Overexpression of cathepsin E resulted in increased E3 ubiquitin ligase parkin, mitochondrial fission protein dynamin-related protein 1, caspase activation/apoptosis, and ultimately loss of lung parenchyma resembling emphysema. Inhibiting dynamin-related protein 1, using a small molecule inhibitor in vitro or in vivo, inhibited cathepsin E-induced apoptosis and emphysema. To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to identify links between cathepsin E, mitochondrial fission, and caspase activation/apoptosis in the pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema. Our data expand the current understanding of molecular mechanisms of emphysema development and may provide new therapeutic targets.
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Xu H, Lyu S, Li Y, Xu J, Lu B, Zhao J. Identification, characterization and expression analysis of ERK2 in Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis after challenge with LPS and Aeromonas hydrophila. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 52:325-333. [PMID: 27018024 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.03.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Farming of Eriocheir sinensis was seriously threaten by the infection of opportunistic pathogens, especially the gram-negative bacterium. In this paper, we analyzed the sequence of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 2 (ERK2) of E. sinensis (EsERK2) and its expression levels after challenge with LPS and Aeromonas hydrophila in both in vivo and in vitro examination. The full-length cDNA sequence of EsERK2 was 2455 bp in size with an open reading frame (ORF) of 1095 bp, encoding the protein of 365 amino acids. It owned a predicted molecular mass of 42.4 kDa and a theoretical isoelectric point (pI) of 5.93. EsERK2 was distributed in all examined tissues including haemocyte, gonad, hepatopancreas, gill, muscle heart, stomach and intestine, but its expression level was significantly higher in hepatopancreas than it in other examined tissues. The expression level of EsERK2 increased significantly after LPS challenge at 2 h (P < 0.05), and then gradually increased and reached highest at 16 h. However, its expression level decreased significantly after A. hydrophila challenge at 4 h, and then gradually decreased till 24 h (P < 0.05), and returned to its initial value at 36 h. According to the immunofluorescence assay and western blotting assay, EsERK2 was found to be distributed mainly in cytoplasm of haemocyte, and its expression level showed a prominent boost in primary cultured haemocytes after challenge with LPS and A. hydrophila in vitro. These results indicated that the expression of EsERK2 was sensitive to the exterior stimulants and its encoding protein might be associated with the signaling transduction in response to exterior pathogens in E. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haisheng Xu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Sunjian Lyu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang Province, China; Animal Health Research Institute, Tongwei Co., Ltd., Hi-Tech Incubation Garden, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yiqun Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiehao Xu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Binjie Lu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang Province, China
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Kopincova J, Calkovska A. Meconium-induced inflammation and surfactant inactivation: specifics of molecular mechanisms. Pediatr Res 2016; 79:514-21. [PMID: 26679157 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2015.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes neonatal meconium aspiration syndrome in light of meconium-induced inflammation and inflammatory surfactant inactivation, related to both endogenous and therapeutic exogenous surfactant. The wide effect of meconium on surfactant properties is divided into three points. Direct effect of meconium on surfactant properties refers mainly to fragmentation of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine and other surfactant phospholipids together with cleavage of surfactant proteins. Initiation of inflammatory response due to activation of receptors by yet unspecified compounds involves complement and Toll-like receptor activation. A possible role of lung collectins, surfactant proteins A and D, which can exert both pro- and anti-inflammatory reactions, is discussed. Initiation of inflammatory response by specified compounds in meconium reflects inflammatory functioning of cytokines, bile acids, and phospholipases contained in meconium. Unifying sketch of many interconnections in all these actions aims at providing integrated picture of inflammatory surfactant inactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Kopincova
- Department of Physiology and Martin Biomedical Centre, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Andrea Calkovska
- Department of Physiology and Martin Biomedical Centre, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Pallichankandy S, Rahman A, Thayyullathil F, Galadari S. ROS-dependent activation of autophagy is a critical mechanism for the induction of anti-glioma effect of sanguinarine. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 89:708-20. [PMID: 26472194 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.10.404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Malignant gliomas are notoriously resistant to therapies that induce apoptosis, but are less resistant to therapies that induce autophagy. Therefore, drugs targeting autophagy are promising candidates in the treatment of malignant gliomas. In this study, we investigated the anti-glioma potential of sanguinarine (SNG) in vitro, and further examined the molecular mechanisms of SNG-induced cell death. In human malignant glioma cells SNG activated autophagic cell death pathway characterized by increased acidic vesicular organelles formation, GFP-LC3 punctate formation, LC3-II conversion, and expression of autophagy related proteins, such as Atg5 and Beclin-1. The autophagy inhibitor bafilomycin A1 or knockdown of Atg5 markedly inhibited the SNG-induced autophagic cell death. Apart from inducing autophagic cell death, SNG has also been shown to induce apoptotic cell death in these cell lines. Importantly, the study also identified the crucial role of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2) in the facilitation of SNG-induced autophagic cell death. Antioxidants, such as glutathione and N-acetyl cysteine, significantly abrogated ROS production, ERK1/2 activation, and in turn, prevented SNG-induced autophagic cell death. Moreover, scavengers of H2O2 (sodium pyruvate and catalase) significantly attenuated the activity of SNG. Down-regulation of ERK1/2 activity, by using selective ERK1/2 inhibitor (U0126) or siERK1/2, led to an inhibition of SNG-induced autophagic cell death. Furthermore, tumor cells transfected with constitutively active ERK2-MEK1-LA fusion protein accentuated SNG-induced autophagic cell death. Overall, our findings unveil a novel anti-tumor mechanism of action of SNG in human malignant glioma cells, opening up the possibility of using SNG based pro-autophagic drugs for the treatment of malignant glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siraj Pallichankandy
- Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Anees Rahman
- Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Faisal Thayyullathil
- Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Sehamuddin Galadari
- Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE; Al Jalila Foundation Research Centre, P.O. Box 300100, Dubai, UAE.
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Ota C, Ishizawa K, Yamada M, Tando Y, He M, Takahashi T, Yamaya M, Yamamoto Y, Yamamoto H, Kure S, Kubo H. Receptor for advanced glycation end products expressed on alveolar epithelial cells is the main target for hyperoxia-induced lung injury. Respir Investig 2015; 54:98-108. [PMID: 26879479 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is abundantly expressed on alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) and participates in innate immune responses such as apoptosis and inflammation. However, it is unclear whether RAGE-mediated apoptosis of AECs is associated with hyperoxia-induced lung injury. METHODS We used wild-type and RAGE-knockout C57BL6/J mice in this study. In addition, we developed bone marrow chimeric mouse models expressing RAGE on hematopoietic or non-hematopoietic cells, including lung parenchymal cells, and compared survival ratios and changes in the permeability of the alveolar-capillary barrier after hyperoxia exposure. Further, we prepared single cell suspensions of lung cells and evaluated the apoptosis of AECs or microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs) by using a combination of antibodies and JC-1 dye. We also examined whether RAGE inhibition decreased hyperoxia-induced apoptosis of human lung epithelial cells in vitro. RESULTS After hyperoxia exposure, mice expressing RAGE on lung cells showed lower survival rate and increased alveolar-capillary permeability than mice expressing RAGE on hematopoietic cells. RAGE-expressing AECs showed significantly higher apoptosis than RAGE-knockout AECs after in vivo hyperoxia exposure. The level of hyperoxia-induced apoptosis was not different in MVECs. However, RAGE-null lung epithelial cells showed lower apoptosis than RAGE-expressing cells in vitro. CONCLUSION These results indicated that RAGE on AECs mainly contributed to hyperoxia-induced lung injury and alveolar-capillary barrier disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiharu Ota
- Department of Advanced Preventive Medicine for Infectious Disease, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Kota Ishizawa
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Mitsuhiro Yamada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Yukiko Tando
- Department of Advanced Preventive Medicine for Infectious Disease, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Mei He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Toru Takahashi
- Department of Advanced Preventive Medicine for Infectious Disease, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Mutsuo Yamaya
- Department of Advanced Preventive Medicine for Infectious Disease, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiko Yamamoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Yamamoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan.
| | - Shigeo Kure
- Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Kubo
- Department of Advanced Preventive Medicine for Infectious Disease, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
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Helmerhorst HJF, Schultz MJ, van der Voort PHJ, de Jonge E, van Westerloo DJ. Bench-to-bedside review: the effects of hyperoxia during critical illness. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2015; 19:284. [PMID: 26278383 PMCID: PMC4538738 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-015-0996-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen administration is uniformly used in emergency and intensive care medicine and has life-saving potential in critical conditions. However, excessive oxygenation also has deleterious properties in various pathophysiological processes and consequently both clinical and translational studies investigating hyperoxia during critical illness have gained increasing interest. Reactive oxygen species are notorious by-products of hyperoxia and play a pivotal role in cell signaling pathways. The effects are diverse, but when the homeostatic balance is disturbed, reactive oxygen species typically conserve a vicious cycle of tissue injury, characterized by cell damage, cell death, and inflammation. The most prominent symptoms in the abundantly exposed lungs include tracheobronchitis, pulmonary edema, and respiratory failure. In addition, absorptive atelectasis results as a physiological phenomenon with increasing levels of inspiratory oxygen. Hyperoxia-induced vasoconstriction can be beneficial during vasodilatory shock, but hemodynamic changes may also impose risk when organ perfusion is impaired. In this context, oxygen may be recognized as a multifaceted agent, a modifiable risk factor, and a feasible target for intervention. Although most clinical outcomes are still under extensive investigation, careful titration of oxygen supply is warranted in order to secure adequate tissue oxygenation while preventing hyperoxic harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik J F Helmerhorst
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2300 RC, The Netherlands. .,Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.
| | - Marcus J Schultz
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.,Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Peter H J van der Voort
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Oosterpark 9, Amsterdam, 1091 AZ, The Netherlands.,TIAS School for Business and Society, Tilburg University, Warandelaan 2, Tilburg, 5000 LE, The Netherlands
| | - Evert de Jonge
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2300 RC, The Netherlands
| | - David J van Westerloo
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2300 RC, The Netherlands
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Activation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway involving CHOP in the lungs of rats with hyperoxia‑induced bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:4494-4500. [PMID: 26099737 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular pathomechanisms underlying bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remain to be fully elucidated, however, lung injury is considered to be a key event. The present study was performed to determine the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and investigate the apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells in a BPD rat model. A total of 48 preterm Sprague‑Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group and a hyperoxia group. The rats in the BPD group were exposed to 85% hyperoxia, while the rats in the control group were exposed to room air. A total of eight rats in each group were sacrificed 7, 14 or 21 days after exposure. The expression levels of 78‑kDa glucose‑regulated/binding immunoglobulin protein (GRP78) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) in the lung tissues were examined using immunohistochemistry, and the mRNA and protein levels of GRP78 and CHOP were detected using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses, respectively. In addition, the levels of apoptosis in the lung cells were evaluated suing terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‑mediated dUTP nick‑end labeling. It was demonstrated that the mRNA and protein levels of GRP78 and CHOP, and the levels of cell apoptosis in the hyperoxia group differed significantly from those in the control group (P<0.05) at different time‑points, and increased with extension of the duration of hyperoxic exposure. These data demonstrated that the ER stress pathway, involving CHOP, is activated and is important in the pathogenesis of BPD.
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Hyperoxia-Induced Protein Alterations in Renal Rat Tissue: A Quantitative Proteomic Approach to Identify Hyperoxia-Induced Effects in Cellular Signaling Pathways. DISEASE MARKERS 2015; 2015:964263. [PMID: 26106253 PMCID: PMC4461769 DOI: 10.1155/2015/964263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction. In renal tissue as well as in other organs, supranormal oxygen pressure may lead to deleterious consequences on a cellular level. Additionally, hyperoxia-induced effect in cells and related free radicals may potentially contribute to renal failure. The aim of this study was to analyze time-dependent alterations of rat kidney protein expression after short-term normobaric hyperoxia using proteomics and bioinformatic approaches. Material and Methods. N = 36 Wistar rats were randomized into six different groups: three groups with normobaric hyperoxia (exposure to 100% oxygen for 3 h) and three groups with normobaric normoxia (NN; room air). After hyperoxia exposure, kidneys were removed immediately, after 3 days and after 7 days. Kidney lysates were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by peptide mass fingerprinting using tandem mass spectrometry. Statistical analysis was performed with DeCyder 2D software (p < 0.01). Biological functions of differential regulated proteins were studied using functional network analysis (Ingenuity Pathways Analysis and PathwayStudio). Results. Expression of 14 proteins was significantly altered (p < 0.01): eight proteins (MEP1A_RAT, RSSA_RAT, F16P1_RAT, STML2_RAT, BPNT1_RAT, LGMN_RAT, ATPA_RAT, and VDAC1_RAT) were downregulated and six proteins (MTUS1_RAT, F16P1_RAT, ACTG_RAT, ACTB_RAT, 2ABA_RAT, and RAB1A_RAT) were upregulated. Bioinformatic analyses revealed an association of regulated proteins with inflammation. Conclusions. Significant alterations in renal protein expression could be demonstrated for up to 7 days even after short-term hyperoxia. The identified proteins indicate an association with inflammation signaling cascades. MEP1A and VDAC1 could be promising candidates to identify hyperoxic injury in kidney cells.
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Porzionato A, Sfriso MM, Mazzatenta A, Macchi V, De Caro R, Di Giulio C. Effects of hyperoxic exposure on signal transduction pathways in the lung. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2015; 209:106-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Rajendran P, Rengarajan T, Nishigaki Y, Palaniswami R, Nishigaki I. In vitrostudies on mangiferin protection against cadmium-induced human renal endothelial damage and cell death via the MAP kinase and NF-κB pathways. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2015; 36:57-66. [DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2015.1019137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Das KC. Thioredoxin-deficient mice, a novel phenotype sensitive to ambient air and hypersensitive to hyperoxia-induced lung injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2014; 308:L429-42. [PMID: 25539854 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00285.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary oxygen toxicity is a major clinical problem for patients undergoing supplemental oxygen therapy. Thioredoxin (Trx) is an endogenous antioxidant protein that regenerates oxidatively inactivated proteins. We examined how Trx contributes to oxygen tolerance by creating transgenic mice with decreased levels of functional thioredoxin (dnTrx-Tg) using a dominant-negative approach. These mice showed decreased Trx activity in the lung although the expression of mutant protein is three times higher than the wild-type mice. Additionally, we found that these mice showed increased oxidation of endogenous Trx in room air. When exposed to hyperoxia (>90% O2) for 4 days, they failed to recover and showed significant mortality. Even in normal oxygen levels, these mice displayed a significant decrease in aconitase and NADH dehydrogenase activities, decreased mitochondrial energy metabolism, increased p53 and Gadd45α expression, and increased synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines. These effects were further increased by hyperoxia. We also generated mice overexpressing Trx (Trx-Tg) and found they maintained lung redox balance during exposure to high oxygen and thus were resistant to hyperoxia-induced lung injury. These mice had increased levels of reduced Trx in the lung in normoxia as well as hyperoxia. Furthermore, the levels of aconitase and NADH dehydrogenase activities were maintained in these mice concomitant with maintenance of mitochondrial energy metabolism. The genotoxic stress markers such as p53 or Gadd45α remained in significantly lower levels in hyperoxia compared with dnTrx-Tg or wild-type mice. These studies establish that mice deficient in functional Trx exhibit a phenotype of sensitivity to ambient air and hypersensitivity to hyperoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumuda C Das
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Excellence in Cardiovascular Research, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas
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Berkelhamer SK, Farrow KN. Developmental regulation of antioxidant enzymes and their impact on neonatal lung disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 21:1837-48. [PMID: 24295375 PMCID: PMC4203145 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Deficient antioxidant defenses and compromised ability to respond to oxidative stress burden the immature lung. Routine neonatal therapies can cause increased oxidative stress with subsequent injury to the premature lung. Novel therapeutic approaches to protect the premature lung are greatly needed. RECENT ADVANCES Live cell imaging with targeted redox probes allows for the measurement of subcellular oxidative stress and for comparisons of oxidative stress across development. Comprehension of subcellular and cell-type-specific responses to oxidative stress may influence the targeting of future antioxidant therapies. CRITICAL ISSUES Challenges remain in identifying the optimal cellular targets, degree of enzyme activity, and appropriate antioxidant therapy. Further, the efficacy of delivering exogenous antioxidants to specific cell types or subcellular compartments remains under investigation. Treatment with a nonselective antioxidant could unintentionally compromise cellular function or impact cellular defense mechanisms and homeostasis. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Genetic and/or biomarker screening may identify infants at the greatest risk for oxidative lung injury and guide the use of more selective antioxidant therapies. Novel approaches to the delivery of antioxidant enzymes may allow cell type- or cellular organelle-specific therapy. Improved comprehension of the antioxidant enzyme regulation across cell type, cell compartment, gender, and developmental stage is critical to the design and optimization of therapy.
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Kim MJ, Ryu JC, Kwon Y, Lee S, Bae YS, Yoon JH, Ryu JH. Dual oxidase 2 in lung epithelia is essential for hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury in mice. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 21:1803-18. [PMID: 24766345 PMCID: PMC4203470 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Acute lung injury (ALI) induced by excessive hyperoxia has been employed as a model of oxidative stress imitating acute respiratory distress syndrome. Under hyperoxic conditions, overloading quantities of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated in both lung epithelial and endothelial cells, leading to ALI. Some NADPH oxidase (NOX) family enzymes are responsible for hyperoxia-induced ROS generation in lung epithelial and endothelial cells. However, the molecular mechanisms of ROS production in type II alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) and ALI induced by hyperoxia are poorly understood. RESULTS In this study, we show that dual oxidase 2 (DUOX2) is a key NOX enzyme that affects hyperoxia-induced ROS production, particularly in type II AECs, leading to lung injury. In DUOX2 mutant mice (DUOX2(thyd/thyd)) or mice in which DUOX2 expression is knocked down in the lungs, hyperoxia-induced ALI was significantly lower than in wild-type (WT) mice. DUOX2 was mainly expressed in type II AECs, but not endothelial cells, and hyperoxia-induced ROS production was markedly reduced in primary type II AECs isolated from DUOX2(thyd/thyd) mice. Furthermore, DUOX2-generated ROS are responsible for caspase-mediated cell death, inducing ERK and JNK phophorylation in type II AECs. INNOVATION To date, no role for DUOX2 has been defined in hyperoxia-mediated ALI despite it being a NOX homologue and major ROS source in lung epithelium. CONCLUSION Here, we present the novel finding that DUOX2-generated ROS induce AEC death, leading to hyperoxia-induced lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ji Kim
- Research Center for Natural Human Defense System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Chan Ryu
- Research Center for Natural Human Defense System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Younghee Kwon
- Research Center for Natural Human Defense System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Suhee Lee
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yun Soo Bae
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joo-Heon Yoon
- Research Center for Natural Human Defense System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hwan Ryu
- Research Center for Natural Human Defense System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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McCullough SD, Duncan KE, Swanton SM, Dailey LA, Diaz-Sanchez D, Devlin RB. Ozone induces a proinflammatory response in primary human bronchial epithelial cells through mitogen-activated protein kinase activation without nuclear factor-κB activation. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2014; 51:426-35. [PMID: 24693990 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2013-0515oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ground-level ozone (O3) is a ubiquitous environmental air pollutant that is a potent inducer of airway inflammation and has been linked with respiratory and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Some studies using transformed or immortalized cells have attributed O3-mediated expression of inflammatory cytokines with activation of the canonical NF-κB pathway. In this study, we sought to characterize the O3-mediated activation of cellular signaling pathways using primary human bronchial epithelial cells obtained from a panel of donors. We demonstrate that the O3-induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines requires the activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor/MEK/ERK and MKK4/p38 mitogen-activated signaling pathways but does not appear to involve activation of canonical NF-κB signaling. In addition to providing a novel mechanistic model for the O3-mediated induction of proinflammatory cytokines, these findings highlight the importance of using primary cells over cell lines in mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun D McCullough
- 1 Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Barcelos RC, Pelizzaro-Rocha KJ, Pastre JC, Dias MP, Ferreira-Halder CV, Pilli RA. A new goniothalamin N-acylated aza-derivative strongly downregulates mediators of signaling transduction associated with pancreatic cancer aggressiveness. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 87:745-58. [PMID: 25305718 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.09.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a novel concise series of molecules based on the structure of goniothalamin (1) was synthesized and evaluated against a highly metastatic human pancreatic cancer cell line (Panc-1). Among them, derivative 8 displayed a low IC50 value (2.7 μM) and its concentration for decreasing colony formation was 20-fold lower than goniothalamin (1). Both compounds reduced the levels of the receptor tyrosine kinase (AXL) and cyclin D1 which are known to be overexpressed in pancreatic cancer cells. Importantly, despite the fact that goniothalamin (1) and derivative 8 caused pancreatic cancer cell cycle arrest and cell death, only derivative 8 was able to downregulate pro-survival and proliferation pathways mediated by mitogen activated protein kinase ERK1/2. Another interesting finding was that Panc-1 cells treated with derivative 8 displayed a strong decrease in the transcription factor (c-Myc), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein levels. Notably, the molecular effects caused by derivative 8 might not be related to ROS generation, since no significant production of ROS was observed in low concentrations of this compound (from 1.5 up to 3 μM). Therefore, the downregulation of important mediators of pancreatic cancer aggressiveness by derivative 8 reveals its great potential for the development of new chemotherapeutic agents for pancreatic cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosimeire Coura Barcelos
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of Campinas, CP 6154, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Julio Cezar Pastre
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of Campinas, CP 6154, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marina Pereira Dias
- Department of Biochemistry, Biology Institute, University of Campinas, 13083-862, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ronaldo Aloise Pilli
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, University of Campinas, CP 6154, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Liu XX, Yu XR, Jia XH, Wang KX, Yu ZY, Lv CJ. Effect of hyperoxia on the viability and proliferation of the primary type II alveolar epithelial cells. Cell Biochem Biophys 2014; 67:1539-46. [PMID: 23737339 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-013-9658-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To observe the effect of hyperoxia on the growth of type II alveolar epithelial cells (AEC II). The lungs of 19-day gestation fetal rats were primary cultured and the AEC II were purified by differential adhesion method. The cells were divided into control (normoxia) group and hyperoxia group. The cell growth, cell viability, cell apoptosis, and cell cycle were examined at 2, 4, 6, and 8 days of normoxia or hyperoxia exposure. The number of cells in hyperoxia-exposed group significantly decreased as compared to those of air control group. Number of cells in hyperoxia group was the highest at day 2 of exposure and gradually decreased with time. The viability of cells exposed to hyperoxia was substantially reduced compared with cells exposed to air. Percentage of cells in G1 phase and S phase in hyperoxia group increased gradually with increase in exposure duration and significant differences were seen at day 4 and day 6 compared with either the preceding time points and also with corresponding air-exposed cells. The percentage of both early apoptotic cells (Annexin-V(+)/PI(-)) and late apoptotic cells and necrotic cells (Annexin-V(+)/PI(+)) increased significantly in cells exposed to hyperoxia compared with cells exposed to air. Hyperoxia inhibits proliferation, viability and growth of AEC II and promotes apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-xiang Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Shandong, China,
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