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Zhao C, Ma G, Tao S, Wang M, Chen Z, Fang Y, Shi W. Qi-Ju-Di-Huang-Pill delays the progression of diabetic retinopathy. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 323:117751. [PMID: 38216102 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Qi-Ju-Di-Huang-Pill (QJDH pill) is a Chinese decoction. Although it is commonly used to treat eye conditions, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR), its exact mechanism of action is unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the specific mechanism by which QJDH pill slows the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) based on animal and cellular experiments. MATERIAL AND METHODS The major components of QJDH pill were characterized by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLCMS/MS). C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into five groups as follows: normal group (control group), model group (STZ group), low-dosage QJDH pill group (QJDH-L group), medium-dosage QJDH pill group (QJDH-M group) and high-dosage QJDH pill group (QJDH-H group). Changes in water intake, urination, food intake, and body mass were monitored weekly, while changes in blood glucose were monitored monthly. Fluorescein fundus angiography (FFA), optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were utilized to analyze the changes in fundus imaging indications. Hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were employed to examine histopathologic and ultrastructural changes in retina. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-17 (IL-17), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in peripheral blood were detected using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mouse retina apoptotic cells were labeled with green fluorescence via terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (Tunel). The protein levels of Bcl-2-Associated X (Bax), B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Caspase-3, PI3K, phosphorylated PI3K (p-PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT) and phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT) were quantified by Western blot (WB). The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells were cultured and classified into five groups as follows: normal glucose group (NG group), high glucose group (HG group), high glucose + QJDH pill group (HG + QJDH group), high glucose + inhibitor group (HG + LY294002 group), and high glucose + inhibitor + QJDH pill group (HG + LY294002 + QJDH group). Cell viability and apoptosis were detected via Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) and then analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS In vivo experiments revealed that the QJDH pill effectively reduced blood glucose, symptoms of increased water intake, elevated urination, increased food intake and decreased body mass in DR mice. QJDH pill also slowed the development of a series of fundus imaging signs, such as retinal microangiomas, tortuous dilatation of blood vessels, decreased vascular density, and thinning of retinal thickness, downregulated IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α, and VEGF levels in peripheral blood, and inhibited retinal cell apoptosis by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Moreover, in vitro experiments showed that high glucose environment inhibited RPE cell viability and activated RPE cell apoptosis pathway. In contrast, lyophilized powder of QJDH pill increased RPE cell viability, protected RPE cells from high glucose-induced damage, and decreased apoptosis of RPE cells by activating the pi3k pathway. CONCLUSION QJDH pill induces hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory effects, anti-VEGF and anti-retinal cell apoptosis by activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and thus can protect the retina and slow the DR progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Zhao
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China; Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Guangcheng Ma
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China; Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Sihan Tao
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China; Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Mingyue Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China.
| | - Zhuolin Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China.
| | - Yiming Fang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China.
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210003, China.
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Adeeb S, Arabi TZ, Shah H, Alsalameh S, Abu-Shaar M, El-Sibai AM, Alkattan K, Yaqinuddin A. Unveiling the Web: Exploring the Multifaceted Role of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Ocular Health and Disease. J Clin Med 2024; 13:512. [PMID: 38256646 PMCID: PMC10816449 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13020512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play an essential role in antimicrobial defense. However, NETs have also been shown to promote and mediate a wide spectrum of diseases, including cancer, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and ocular diseases. Data regarding NETs in ocular diseases remain limited. In physiological conditions, NETs protect the eye from debris and cleave proinflammatory cytokines, including several interleukins. On the other hand, NETs play a role in corneal diseases, such as dry eye disease and ocular graft-versus-host disease, where they promote acinar atrophy and delayed wound healing. Additionally, NET levels positively correlate with increased severity of uveitis. NETs have also been described in the context of diabetic retinopathy. Although increased NET biomarkers are associated with an increased risk of the disease, NETs also assist in the elimination of pathological blood vessels and the regeneration of normal vessels. Targeting NET pathways for the treatment of ocular diseases has shown promising outcomes; however, more studies are still needed in this regard. In this article, we summarize the literature on the protective roles of NETs in the eye. Then, we describe their pathogenetic effects in ocular diseases, including those of the cornea, uvea, and retinal blood vessels. Finally, we describe the therapeutic implications of targeting NETs in such conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ahmed Yaqinuddin
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (T.Z.A.); (H.S.); (S.A.); (M.A.-S.); (A.M.E.-S.); (K.A.)
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3
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Zeng L, Ying Q, Lou H, Wang F, Pang Y, Hu H, Zhang Z, Song Y, Liu P, Zhang X. Protective effect of the natural flavonoid naringenin in mouse models of retinal injury. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 962:176231. [PMID: 38052414 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma is an eye disease with a high rate of blindness and a complex pathogenesis. Ocular hypertension (OHT) is a critical risk factor, and retinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is an important pathophysiological basis. This study was designed to investigate the retinal neuroprotective effect of oral naringenin in an acute retinal I/R model and a chronic OHT model and the possible mechanism involved. After the I/R and OHT models were established, mice were given vehicle or naringenin (100 mg/kg or 300 mg/kg). Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and immunostaining of RBPMS and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were used to evaluate retinal injury. GFAP, CD38, Sirtuin1 (SIRT1), and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) expression levels were measured by Western blotting. In the OHT model, intraocular pressure (IOP) was dynamically maintained at approximately 20-25 mmHg after injury. The retinal structure was damaged, and retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) were lost in both models. Naringenin ameliorated the abovementioned indications but also demonstrated that high concentrations of naringenin significantly inhibited retinal astrocyte activation and inhibited damage-induced increases in the expression of GFAP, NLRP3, and CD38 proteins, while SIRT1 protein expression was upregulated. This study showed for the first time that naringenin can reduce microbead-induced IOP elevation in the OHT model, providing new evidence for the application of naringenin in glaucoma. Naringenin may mediate the CD38/SIRT1 signaling pathway, inhibit astrocyte activation, and ultimately exert an anti-inflammatory effect to achieve retinal neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zeng
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qian Ying
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hongdou Lou
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Feifei Wang
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yulian Pang
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Haijian Hu
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ziqiao Zhang
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yuning Song
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Peiyu Liu
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
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Feng J, Zhang Y. The potential benefits of polyphenols for corneal diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115862. [PMID: 37979379 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The cornea functions as the primary barrier of the ocular surface, regulating temperature and humidity while providing protection against oxidative stress, harmful stimuli and pathogenic microorganisms. Corneal diseases can affect the biomechanical and optical properties of the eye, resulting in visual impairment or even blindness. Due to their diverse origins and potent biological activities, plant secondary metabolites known as polyphenols offer potential advantages for treating corneal diseases owing to their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties. Various polyphenols and their derivatives have demonstrated diverse mechanisms of action in vitro and in vivo, exhibiting efficacy against a range of corneal diseases including repair of tissue damage, treatment of keratitis, inhibition of neovascularization, alleviation of dry eye syndrome, among others. Therefore, this article presents a concise overview of corneal and related diseases, along with an update on the research progress of natural polyphenols in safeguarding corneal health. A more comprehensive understanding of natural polyphenols provides a novel perspective for secure treatment of corneal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Feng
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China.
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Sprogyte L, Park M, Di Girolamo N. Pathogenesis of Alkali Injury-Induced Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency: A Literature Survey of Animal Models. Cells 2023; 12:cells12091294. [PMID: 37174694 PMCID: PMC10177508 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) is a debilitating ocular surface disease that eventuates from a depleted or dysfunctional limbal epithelial stem cell (LESC) pool, resulting in corneal epithelial failure and blindness. The leading cause of LSCD is a chemical burn, with alkali substances being the most common inciting agents. Characteristic features of alkali-induced LSCD include corneal conjunctivalization, inflammation, neovascularization and fibrosis. Over the past decades, animal models of corneal alkali burn and alkali-induced LSCD have been instrumental in improving our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for disease development. Through these paradigms, important insights have been gained with regards to signaling pathways that drive inflammation, neovascularization and fibrosis, including NF-κB, ERK, p38 MAPK, JNK, STAT3, PI3K/AKT, mTOR and WNT/β-catenin cascades. Nonetheless, the molecular and cellular events that underpin re-epithelialization and those that govern long-term epithelial behavior are poorly understood. This review provides an overview of the current mechanistic insights into the pathophysiology of alkali-induced LSCD. Moreover, we highlight limitations regarding existing animal models and knowledge gaps which, if addressed, would facilitate development of more efficacious therapeutic strategies for patients with alkali-induced LSCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Sprogyte
- Mechanisms of Disease and Translational Research, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Mijeong Park
- Mechanisms of Disease and Translational Research, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Nick Di Girolamo
- Mechanisms of Disease and Translational Research, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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Shi X, Zhou T, Huang S, Yao Y, Xu P, Hu S, Tu C, Yin W, Gao C, Ye J. An electrospun scaffold functionalized with a ROS-scavenging hydrogel stimulates ocular wound healing. Acta Biomater 2023; 158:266-280. [PMID: 36638943 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Ocular alkali burn is a serious ophthalmic emergency. Highly penetrative alkalis cause strong inflammatory responses leading to persistent epithelial defects, acute corneal perforation and severe scarring, and thereby persistent pain, loss of vision and cicatricial sequelae. Early and effective anti-inflammation management is vital in reducing the severity of injury. In this study, a double network biomaterial was prepared by compounding electrospinning nanofibres of thioketal-containing polyurethane (PUTK) with a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging hydrogel (RH) fabricated by crosslinking poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate-co-glycidyl methacrylate) with thioketal diamine and 3,3'-dithiobis(propionohydrazide). The developed PUTK/RH patch exhibited good transparency, high tensile strength and increased hydrophilicity. Most importantly, it demonstrated strong antioxidant activity against H2O2 and 2,2-di(4-tert-octylphenyl)-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH). Next, a rat corneal alkali burn model was established, and the PUTK/RH patch was transplanted on the injured cornea. Reduced inflammatory cell infiltration was revealed by confocal microscopy, and lower expression levels of genes relative to inflammation, vascularization and scarring were identified by qRT-PCR and western blot. Fluorescein sodium dyeing, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemical staining confirmed that the PUTK/RH patch could accelerate corneal wound healing by inhibiting inflammation, promoting epithelial regeneration and decreasing scar formation. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Ocular alkali burn is a serious ophthalmic emergency, characterized with persistent inflammation and irreversible vision loss. Oxidative stress is the main pathological process at the acute inflammatory stage, during which combined use of glucocorticoids and amniotic membrane transplantation is the most widely accepted treatment. In this study, we fabricated a polyurethane electrospun nanofiber membrane functionalized with a ROS-scavenging hydrogel. This composite patch could be a promising amniotic membrane substitute, possessing with a transparent appearance, elasticity and anti-inflammation effect. It could be easily transplanted onto the alkali-burned corneas, resulting in a significant inhibition of stromal inflammation and accelerating the recovery of corneal transparency. The conception of ROS-scavenging wound patch may offer a new way for ocular alkali burn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Tong Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shenyu Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yuejun Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Peifang Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Shaodan Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Chenxi Tu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Wei Yin
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Changyou Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Juan Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.
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7
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Picos-Salas MA, Cabanillas-Bojórquez LÁ, Elizalde-Romero CA, Leyva-López N, Montoya-Inzunza LA, Heredia JB, Gutiérrez-Grijalva EP. Naringenin as a Natural Agent Against Oxidative Stress and Inflammation, and Its Bioavailability. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2123502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Adrian Picos-Salas
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Laboratory, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Sinalora, México
| | | | | | - Nayely Leyva-López
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Laboratory, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Sinalora, México
| | - Luis Aurelio Montoya-Inzunza
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Laboratory, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Sinalora, México
| | - J. Basilio Heredia
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Laboratory, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Sinalora, México
| | - Erick P. Gutiérrez-Grijalva
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Laboratory, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Sinalora, México
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Laboratory, Cátedras CONACYT-Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Sinaloa, Mexico
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8
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Xue B, Wang Y. Naringenin upregulates GTPCH1/eNOS to ameliorate high glucose‑induced retinal endothelial cell injury. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:428. [PMID: 35607381 PMCID: PMC9121200 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xue
- Health Management Center of Dalian Second People's Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- Medical Department of Dalian Second People's Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
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Chau Thuy Nguyen D, Dowling J, Ryan R, McLoughlin P, Fitzhenry L. Controlled release of naringenin from soft hydrogel contact lens: An investigation into lens critical properties and in vitro release. Int J Pharm 2022; 621:121793. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Liu A, Liang C, Liu J, Huang Y, Wang M, Wang L. Reactive Oxygen Species─Responsive Lipid Nanoparticles for Effective RNAi and Corneal Neovascularization Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:17022-17031. [PMID: 35380773 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c23412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Corneal neovascularization (CNV) is a common disease that affects the vision ability of more than 1 million people annually. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery nanoparticle platforms are a promising therapeutic modality for CNV treatment. However, the efficient delivery of siRNA into cells and the effective release of siRNA from delivery vehicles in a particular cell type challenge effective RNAi clinical application for CNV suppression. This study reports the design of a novel reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive lipid nanoparticle for siRNA delivery into corneal lesions for enhanced RNAi as a potential CNV treatment. We demonstrated that lipid nanoparticles could efficiently deliver siRNA into human umbilical vein endothelial cells and release siRNA for enhanced gene silencing by using the upregulated ROS of CNV to promote lipid nanoparticle degradation. Moreover, the subconjunctival injection of siRNA nanocomplexes into corneal lesions effectively knocked down vascular endothelial growth factor expression and suppressed CNV formation in an alkali burn model. Thus, we believe that the strategy of using ROS-responsive lipid nanoparticles for enhanced RNAi in CNV could be further extended to a promising clinical therapeutic approach to attenuate CNV formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Chunjing Liang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ji Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yifei Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liqiang Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
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11
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Ma Y, Yang J, Zhang Y, Zheng C, Liang Z, Lu P, Song F, Wang Y, Zhang J. Development of a naringenin microemulsion as a prospective ophthalmic delivery system for the treatment of corneal neovascularization: in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Drug Deliv 2021; 29:111-127. [PMID: 34964414 PMCID: PMC8725867 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.2021323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Naringenin, a flavonoid, possesses antiangiogenic potential and inhibits corneal neovascularization (CNV); however, its therapeutic use is restricted due to poor solubility and limited bioavailability. In this study, we developed a naringenin microemulsion (NAR-ME) for inhibiting CNV. NAR-ME formulation was composed of triacetin (oil phase), Cremophor RH40 (CRH40), PEG400, and water, its droplet size was 13.22 ± 0.13 nm with a narrow size distribution (0.112 ± 0.0014). The results demonstrated that NAR-ME released higher and permeated more drug than NAR suspension (NAR-Susp) in in vitro drug release and ex vivo corneal permeation study. Human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) toxicity study showed no toxicity with NAR-ME, which is consistent with the result of ocular irritation study. NAR-ME had high bioavailability 1.45-fold, 2.15-fold, and 1.35-fold higher than NAR-Susp in the cornea, conjunctiva, and aqueous humor, respectively. Moreover, NAR-ME (0.5% NAR) presented efficacy comparable to that of dexamethasone (0.025%) in the inhibition of CNV in mice CNV model induced by alkali burning, resulting from the attenuation of corneal vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-14) expression. In conclusion, the optimized NAR-ME formulation demonstrated excellent physicochemical properties and good tolerance, enhanced ocular bioavailability and corneal permeability. This formulation is promising, safe, and effective for the treatment of CNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ma
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chunyan Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhen Liang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ping Lu
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fei Song
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuwei Wang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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12
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Agrawal PK, Agrawal C, Blunden G. Naringenin as a Possible Candidate Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection and in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19. Nat Prod Commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x211066723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Naringenin, widely distributed in fruits and vegetables, is endowed with antiviral and other health beneficial activities, such as immune-stimulating and anti-inflammatory actions that could play a role in contributing, to some extent, to either preventing or alleviating coronavirus infection. Several computational studies have identified naringenin as one of the prominent flavonoids that can possibly inhibit internalization of the virus, virus-host interactions that trigger the cytokine storm, and replication of the virus. This review highlights the antiviral potential of naringenin in COVID-19 associated risk factors and its predicted therapeutic targets against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan K. Agrawal
- Natural Product Inc., 7963 Anderson Park Lane, Westerville, OH 43081, USA
| | - Chandan Agrawal
- Natural Product Inc., 7963 Anderson Park Lane, Westerville, OH 43081, USA
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Li Q, Wu X, Xin S, Wu X, Lan J. Preparation and characterization of a naringenin solubilizing glycyrrhizin nanomicelle ophthalmic solution for experimental dry eye disease. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 167:106020. [PMID: 34571178 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.106020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
An ophthalmic solution of naringenin (NAR) based on dipotassium glycyrrhizinate (DG) micelle solubilization, called DG-NAR, was prepared, and its effect on dry eye disease (DED) was evaluated. DG-NAR was a clear, colorless aqueous solution with small micelle size (24.75±0.52 nm), narrow size distribution of polydispersity index 0.273±0.160, and a high entrapment efficiency (99.67±0.51%). The solution also revealed good storage stability in a 12-week short-term storage evaluation; it also displayed good vivo ocular tolerance in rabbit eyes investigated via a slit lamp observation and histopathological examination. When observed under fluorescence microscopy, the solution further exhibited improved in vivo corneal permeation profiles in mice eyes. As expected, in a BAC-induced DED mouse model, ocular topical administration of DG-NAR achieved a remarkable efficacy against dry eye symptoms when compared to the DG&NAR physical mixture solution or free NAR solution; this included decreased rose bengal and fluorescein staining, increased tear volume and corneal sensitivities, alleviated histopathological symptoms, and reversed corneal epithelium and endothelium damages. Additionally, performance in some efficacy evaluation parameters were better than in the commercialized 0.1% hyaluronic acid sodium salt eye drops. This therapeutic effect can be attributed to the mechanisms regulating HMGB1 signaling and its related proinflammatory cytokines. Together, these in vitro/in vivo results suggested that this novel phytochemical-based nanoformulation of DG-NAR may be a promising candidate in the efficacious treatment of DED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoming Wu
- Qingdao Eye Hospital, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Shanshan Xin
- Qingdao Eye Hospital, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Xianggen Wu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
| | - Jie Lan
- Qingdao Eye Hospital, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China.
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14
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Ge Y, Chen H, Wang J, Liu G, Cui SW, Kang J, Jiang Y, Wang H. Naringenin prolongs lifespan and delays aging mediated by IIS and MAPK in Caenorhabditis elegans. Food Funct 2021; 12:12127-12141. [PMID: 34787618 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02472h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Naringenin (NN) is one of the most abundant flavonoids in citrus and grapefruits and has been shown to have antioxidant properties in vitro. The purpose of the study is to examine the antioxidant and anti-aging activities of NN in C. elegans, and to further explore the molecular mechanism. The results showed that NN enhanced the lifespan under normal and oxidative stress induced by H2O2. After treatment with NN, locomotion capability was improved and aging pigment accumulation was suppressed. NN also delayed the paralysis and reversed the defective chemotaxis behavior induced by Aβ protein. Meanwhile, the treatment with NN enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes and reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The possible targets and pathways interacting with NN were predicted by network pharmacology. Real-time PCR analysis indicated that NN upregulated the expression levels of daf-16, sek-1 and skn-1, downregulated the expression levels of daf-2, age-1 and akt-1, and further activated sod-3, ctl-1, ctl-2, gst-4 and mtl-1. Moreover, the selected mutant strains were used and molecular docking was conducted to further suggest that IIS and MAPK pathways could be involved in the NN-mediated longevity-promoting effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin, China.
| | - Huibin Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jilite Wang
- Department of Agriculture, Hetao College, Inner Mongolia, Bayannur, China
| | - Guishan Liu
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Steve W Cui
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, Canada
| | - Ji Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin, China.
| | - Yumei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology (TUST), Tianjin, China.
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Tan Y, Zhang M, Pan Y, Feng H, Xie L. Suppression of the caspase-1/GSDMD-mediated pyroptotic signaling pathway through dexamethasone alleviates corneal alkali injuries. Exp Eye Res 2021; 214:108858. [PMID: 34822855 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The pathological mechanism of corneal injuries mediated by alkali burns are associated with Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor (NLR) family pyrin domain containing 3 protein (NLRP3)-related corneal sterile inflammation. Whether the executive protein gasdermin D (GSDMD) of pyroptosis mediated by the NLRP3 inflammasome is present in alkali-induced corneal lesions remains unclear. Dexamethasone (Dex) is a commonly used drug for ocular surface diseases that can maintain corneal transparency and anti-inflammatory effects by topical administration. Here, we presented evidence that the effect of Dex on the pyroptosis-related caspase-1/GSDMD pathway in corneal alkali burns (CABs). We assessed the clinical manifestations and histological characteristics of the placebo group, 0.05% Dex group, 0.1% Dex group on day 3 or day 7 postburn and the control group (healthy corneas). The expression of factors (including NLRP3, caspase-1, cleaved-caspase-1, GSDMD, GSDMD-N termini, pro-interleukin(IL)-1β, IL-1β, pro-IL-18 and IL-18) involved in the pyroptosis related caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway was demonstrated by molecular experiments in CAB. Alkali burns can upregulate the originally relatively dim expression of NLRP3, caspase-1, cleaved-caspase-1, GSDMD, GSDMD-N, pro-IL-1β, pro-IL-18, IL-1β and IL-18 in the healthy corneal epithelium and stroma. However, Dex can reverse the enhanced expression at the two timepoints. Corneal sterile inflammation can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome through the innate immune response mechanism and then activate the pyroptosis-related caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway. In addition, Dex can inhibit pyroptosis through this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Tan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, China.
| | - Yingzhe Pan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Huanhuan Feng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Lixia Xie
- Central Laboratory, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
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Toledo CR, Paiva MRB, Castro BFM, Pereira VV, Cenachi SPDF, Vasconcelos-Santos DV, Fialho SL, Silva-Cunha A. Intravitreal lupeol: A new potential therapeutic strategy for noninfectious uveitis. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112145. [PMID: 34507119 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lupeol is a pentacyclic triterpene with known anti-inflammatory effects. However, its role in the treatment of noninfectious uveitis has not been explored. This work investigated anti-inflammatory activity of lupeol in ocular tissues with in vitro and in vivo models. First, we evaluated the effect of lupeol (100 µM) on inflammatory response induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in retinal pigment epithelium cells (ARPE-19) by measuring levels of released interleukins (IL-6 and IL-8). Then, we investigated the anti-inflammatory action of intravitreal lupeol in a rodent model of panuveitis induced by Mycobacterium bovis Calmette-Guérin Bacillus (BCG). Rats were submitted to electroretinography and clinical analyses on days 3, 7, and 15 after uveitis induction. In addition, histopathological analysis, and indirect quantification of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) in the posterior segment were performed. Treatment with lupeol (100 µM) significantly decreased IL-6 and IL-8 levels in comparison to untreated LPS-activated ARPE-19 cells. This reduction was similar to that detected in ARPE-19 cells treated with dexamethasone. The results of the in vivo assay demonstrated that intravitreal lupeol is able to modulate inflammation in the anterior and posterior segment of the rat eyes, indicating that it should be further investigated as a novel potential candidate for management of uveitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cibele Rodrigues Toledo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | | | - Brenda Fernanda Moreira Castro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Vinicius Viana Pereira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Sarah Pereira de Freitas Cenachi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Daniel Vítor Vasconcelos-Santos
- Department of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Sílvia Ligório Fialho
- Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Ezequiel Dias Foundation, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Armando Silva-Cunha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Knockdown of LncRNA SNHG1 Suppresses Corneal Angiogenesis by the Regulation of miR-195-5p/VEGF-A. J Ophthalmol 2021; 2021:6646512. [PMID: 34712495 PMCID: PMC8548121 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6646512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
LncRNA SNHG1 (SNHG1) has been widely studied as the causative factor of angiogenesis and proliferative agent in gastric, lung, cervical, and hepatocellular carcinomas. However, its significance of angiogenesis and progression of corneal neovascularization (CRNV) is least understood. This study focuses on the molecular mechanisms followed by SNHG1 to establish CRNV and its angiogenesis. Bioinformatics analysis to identify potential miRNA targets of SNHG1 and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) was conducted using StarBase and was subsequently confirmed by the luciferase reporter assay. Relative quantitative expression of SNHG1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was detected through qRT-PCR and western blot analysis. Cell proliferation was detected through CCK-8 assay, whereas migratory abilities of the cells were determined with transwell assay. A capillary-like tube formation assay was performed to detect the tube formation ability of the cells. Following this, relative expression of miR-195-5p and VEGF-A was determined through qRT-PCR and western blot analysis. Results from the experiments manifested upregulated levels of SNHG1 and VEGF-A in HUVECs and CRNV tissues as compared with the control group, whereas downregulated levels of miR-195-5p were measured in the CRNV tissues and HUVECs, suggesting the negative correlation between lncRNA and miRNA. Overexpressed vascular endothelial growth factor promoted cell proliferation and tube formation; however, its silencing leads to inhibition in angiogenesis and proliferation. Potential binding sites of SNHG1 showed miR-195-5p as its direct target and SNHG1 as a sponge for this miRNA. Knockdown and downregulated levels of SNHG1 showed a notable decrease and inhibition in angiogenesis and migration of CRNV cells. The study showed that SNHG1 inhibition significantly reduced cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation in HUVECs transfect with lncRNA SNHG1. Mechanistic insights into the SNHG1 showed that SNHG1 acts as a sponge for miR-195-5p and upregulates the levels of VEGF-A.
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18
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The effect of hesperidin, chrysin, and naringenin on the number of somatic cell count in mastitis in dairy cows after multiple intramammary administration. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2021-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Hesperidin (HE), chrysin (CH) and naringenin (NA) are flavonoids, being the most important group of polyphenols, and show anti-inflammatory properties which have been demonstrated on various models. Polyphenols have a lot of biological properties, such as antioxidative, antiviral, immunomodulatory and anticancer activities. However, the effect on mastitis has not been yet described. This research aimed to analyze the tolerability of selected polyphenols after multiple intramammary administrations (IMM) as well as to investigate their potential impact on somatic cell count (SCC) in mastitis dairy cows. The study was performed on 12 Polish Holstein Black-White cows in their 4th – to 6th lactation. Only animals with inflammation in one-quarter of the udder were selected. The selection was based on SCC and clinical assessment. The experiment was performed with multiple IMM administrations with each of these polyphenols in dairy cows affected with mastitis. Polyphenols were administered at a dose of 30 mg/quarter/day. Milk samples for SCC, blood plasma samples for pharmacokinetics and blood hematology and biochemistry (selected blood parameters were tested) were collected at baseline, treatment period and within the recovery period. Positive effects concerning the number of SCC in milk of mastitic cows were confirmed for all tested polyphenols.
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19
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Zhang Y, Yu Y, Li G, Zhang X, Wu Z, Lin L. Bioadhesive glycosylated nanoformulations for extended trans-corneal drug delivery to suppress corneal neovascularization. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:4190-4200. [PMID: 33997882 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00229e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Eye-drop formulations as conventional regimens to tackle ocular diseases are far from efficient due to the rapid clearance by eye tears and the blockage of the corneal epithelium barrier. Here, we describe a bioadhesive glycosylated nanoplatform with boric acid pendants as a drug carrier for noninvasive trans-corneal delivery of drugs to treat corneal neovascularization (CNV), a serious corneal disease resulting in significant vision impairment. This biocompatible nanoplatform is formulated from a synthetic amphiphilic boric acid-based copolymer self-assembling to form highly stable micelles with a high loading capacity for dexamethasone (DEX). The nanoplatform is demonstrated to be in contact with the corneal epithelium for a long period under the bioadhesive function of boric acid modules and releases the drug over 96 h in a controlled manner. Our results also suggest that the nanoplatform can be efficiently internalized by corneal epithelial cells in vitro and realize transcytosis in vivo to greatly enhance the transcorneal penetration of the loaded drugs into the pathological corneal stroma. On topical application against rat corneal alkali burn, the nanoformulation presents more robust efficacy on neovascularization suppression and inflammation elimination than free DEX with a negligible effect on normal tissues. This bioadhesive strategy which focuses on extending ocular drug retention and improving trans-corneal drug delivery not only highlights an approach for alternative noninvasive therapy of CNV but also provides a versatile paradigm for other biomedical applications by overcoming protective barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instrument, School of Precision Instruments & Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Detection Techniques & Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China and Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yunjian Yu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Gang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instrument, School of Precision Instruments & Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Detection Techniques & Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xinge Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhongming Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China.
| | - Ling Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instrument, School of Precision Instruments & Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Detection Techniques & Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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20
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Yıldırım MA, Çakır M, Fındık S, Kişi Ö, Şentürk M. Comparison of the efficacy of growth factor collagen and antibiotic collagen on colon anastomosis in experimental animals with peritonitis. Indian J Gastroenterol 2021; 40:309-315. [PMID: 34019242 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-020-01145-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In spite of advances in surgical techniques, the significance of anastomosis leak continues in colorectal surgery. There is no ideal method in spite of all studies and technical advances in this field. Our aim of this study was to use fibroblast growth factor collagen (FGF-C) and antibiotic collagen (AB-C) to increase the rate of anastomosis healing in experimental animals with peritonitis. METHODS This animal experimental study received ethics committee approval. The animals were divided into three groups of seven animals each; the first group was control, the second group was the fibroblast growth factor collagen group, and the third group was the antibiotic collagen group. Under anesthesia, more than 50% of the colonic lumen was opened 4-5 cm distal to the ileocecal junction to create a defect. Twenty-four hours later, primary anastomosis was performed. The second group had the anastomosis line covered with a cover containing FGF-C. The third group had the anastomosis line covered by material containing AB-C. The experiment was concluded on the postoperative 7th day, and the anastomosis burst pressure, tissue hydroxyproline level, and histopathological assessment were performed. RESULTS Though the burst pressure was higher in the experimental groups, it was not statistically significant. In the second and third groups, vascular proliferation and fibroblastic activity appeared to be better than in the control group. Hydroxyproline values were statistically significant in the experimental groups compared to the control group. CONCLUSION FGF-C and AB-C may have potential utility in anastomosis healing, especially in those susceptible to infection due to anastomosis leak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Aykut Yıldırım
- Meram Medical Faculty, Department of General Surgery, Necmettin Erbakan University, 42080, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Murat Çakır
- Meram Medical Faculty, Department of General Surgery, Necmettin Erbakan University, 42080, Konya, Turkey
| | - Sıddıka Fındık
- Meram Medical Faculty, Department of Pathology, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ömer Kişi
- Meram Medical Faculty, Department of General Surgery, Necmettin Erbakan University, 42080, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Şentürk
- Meram Medical Faculty, Department of General Surgery, Necmettin Erbakan University, 42080, Konya, Turkey
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21
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Liu Y, Shu Y, Yin L, Xie T, Zou J, Zhan P, Wang Y, Wei T, Zhu L, Yang X, Wang W, Cai J, Li Y, Yao Y, Wang X. Protective roles of the TIR/BB-loop mimetic AS-1 in alkali-induced corneal neovascularization by inhibiting ERK phosphorylation. Exp Eye Res 2021; 207:108568. [PMID: 33839112 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Hydrocinnamoyl-L-valylpyrrolidine (AS-1), a synthetic low-molecule mimetic of myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88), inhibits inflammation by disrupting the interaction between the interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R) and MyD88. Here, we describe the effects of AS-1 on injury-induced increases in inflammation and neovascularization in mouse corneas. Mice were administered a subconjunctival injection of 8 μL AS-1 diluent before or after corneal alkali burn, followed by evaluation of corneal resurfacing and corneal neovascularization (CNV) by slit-lamp biomicroscopy and clinical assessment. Corneal inflammation was assessed by whole-mount CD45+ immunofluorescence staining, and corneal hemangiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis following injury were evaluated by immunostaining for the vascular markers isolectin B4 (IB4) and the lymphatic vascularized marker lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 (LYVE1), respectively. Additionally, corneal tissues were collected to determine the expression of 35 cytokines, and we detected activation of IL-1RI, MyD88, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). The results showed that alkali conditions increased the number of CD45+ cells and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, VEGF-C, and LYVE1 in corneas, with these levels decreased in the AS-1-treated group. Moreover, AS-1 effectively prevented alkali-induced cytokine production, blocked interactions between IL-1RI and MyD88, and inhibited MAPK activation post-alkali burn. These results indicated that AS-1 prevented alkali-induced corneal hemangiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis by blocking IL-1RI-MyD88 interaction, as well as extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation, and could be efficacious for the prevention and treatment of corneal alkali burn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yishun Shu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianhua Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zou
- Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Zhan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangningzhi Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Wei
- Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingpeng Zhu
- Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xusheng Yang
- Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiping Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuehua Li
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaolu Wang
- Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, People's Republic of China.
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Naringenin Nano-Delivery Systems and Their Therapeutic Applications. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020291. [PMID: 33672366 PMCID: PMC7926828 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Naringenin (NRG) is a polyphenolic phytochemical belonging to the class of flavanones and is widely distributed in citrus fruits and some other fruits such as bergamot, tomatoes, cocoa, and cherries. NRG presents several interesting pharmacological properties, such as anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the therapeutic potential of NRG is hampered due to its hydrophobic nature, which leads to poor bioavailability. Here, we review a wide range of nanocarriers that have been used as delivery systems for NRG, including polymeric nanoparticles, micelles, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), nanosuspensions, and nanoemulsions. These nanomedicine formulations of NRG have been applied as a potential treatment for several diseases, using a wide range of in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models and different routes of administration. From this review, it can be concluded that NRG is a potential therapeutic option for the treatment of various diseases such as cancer, neurological disorders, liver diseases, ocular disorders, inflammatory diseases, skin diseases, and diabetes when formulated in the appropriate nanocarriers.
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Giuliano C, Cerri S, Blandini F. Potential therapeutic effects of polyphenols in Parkinson's disease: in vivo and in vitro pre-clinical studies. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:234-241. [PMID: 32859769 PMCID: PMC7896204 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.290879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a combination of severe motor and non-motor symptoms. Over the years, several factors have been discovered to play a role in the pathogenesis of this disease, in particular, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. To date, the pharmacological treatments used in Parkinson’s disease are exclusively symptomatic. For this reason, in recent years, the research has been directed towards the discovery and study of new natural molecules to develop potential neuroprotective therapies against Parkinson’s disease. In this context, natural polyphenols have raised much attention for their important anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, but also for their ability to modulate protein misfolding. In this review, we propose to summarize the relevant in vivo and in vitro studies concerning the potential therapeutic role of natural polyphenols in Parkinson’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Giuliano
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvia Cerri
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fabio Blandini
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
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Pharmacological Potential of Small Molecules for Treating Corneal Neovascularization. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25153468. [PMID: 32751576 PMCID: PMC7435801 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Under healthy conditions, the cornea is an avascular structure which allows for transparency and optimal visual acuity. Its avascular nature is maintained by a balance of proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors. An imbalance of these factors can result in abnormal blood vessel proliferation into the cornea. This corneal neovascularization (CoNV) can stem from a variety of insults including hypoxia and ocular surface inflammation caused by trauma, infection, chemical burns, and immunological diseases. CoNV threatens corneal transparency, resulting in permanent vision loss. Mainstay treatments of CoNV have partial efficacy and associated side effects, revealing the need for novel treatments. Numerous natural products and synthetic small molecules have shown potential in preclinical studies in vivo as antiangiogenic therapies for CoNV. Such small molecules include synthetic inhibitors of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor and other tyrosine kinases, plus repurposed antimicrobials, as well as natural source-derived flavonoid and non-flavonoid phytochemicals, immunosuppressants, vitamins, and histone deacetylase inhibitors. They induce antiangiogenic and anti-inflammatory effects through inhibition of VEGF, NF-κB, and other growth factor receptor pathways. Here, we review the potential of small molecules, both synthetics and natural products, targeting these and other molecular mechanisms, as antiangiogenic agents in the treatment of CoNV.
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Interplay between Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Amyloidosis in the Anterior Segment of the Eye; Its Pathological Implications. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:6286105. [PMID: 32566091 PMCID: PMC7291327 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6286105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
There are different pathologies associated with amyloidogenic processes caused by the increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the overactivation of inflammatory responses. These alterations are present in different regions of the anterior segment of the eye, and they have been associated with the development and progression of ocular pathologies, such as glaucoma, dry eye syndrome, keratitis, and cataracts among other pathologies. Aim. To discuss briefly the anatomical characteristics of the anterior segment of the eye and describe the interaction between oxidative stress (OS) and inflammatory responses, emphasizing the misfolding of several proteins leading to amyloidogenic processes occurring in the anterior segment and their implications in the development of ocular diseases. We performed a search on PubMed, CINAHL, and Embase using the MeSH terms “eye,” “anterior segment”, “inflammation”, “oxidative stress”, and “amyloidosis”. The search encompassed manuscripts published up to April 2019. A hundred forty-four published studies met the inclusion criteria. We present the current knowledge regarding the interaction between OS and the activation of inflammatory processes and how both can cause conformational changes in several peptides and proteins in each compartment of the anterior segment. However, we found that there is no consensus about which factor is the first to cause amyloidosis. Our conclusions suggest that there is an interplay among these factors forming a vicious cycle that leads to the loss of protein structure in ocular pathologies, and multifactorial therapies should be developed to avoid protein misfolding and to stop the progression of ocular pathologies.
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Song K, Xin M, Zhang F, Xie W, Sun M, Wu X. Novel ultrasmall nanomicelles based on rebaudioside A: A potential nanoplatform for the ocular delivery of pterostilbene. Int J Pharm 2020; 577:119035. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Wang H, Li X, Yang H, Wang J, Li Q, Qu R, Wu X. Nanocomplexes based polyvinylpyrrolidone K-17PF for ocular drug delivery of naringenin. Int J Pharm 2020; 578:119133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Ferraz CR, Carvalho TT, Manchope MF, Artero NA, Rasquel-Oliveira FS, Fattori V, Casagrande R, Verri WA. Therapeutic Potential of Flavonoids in Pain and Inflammation: Mechanisms of Action, Pre-Clinical and Clinical Data, and Pharmaceutical Development. Molecules 2020; 25:E762. [PMID: 32050623 PMCID: PMC7037709 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological pain can be initiated after inflammation and/or peripheral nerve injury. It is a consequence of the pathological functioning of the nervous system rather than only a symptom. In fact, pain is a significant social, health, and economic burden worldwide. Flavonoids are plant derivative compounds easily found in several fruits and vegetables and consumed in the daily food intake. Flavonoids vary in terms of classes, and while structurally unique, they share a basic structure formed by three rings, known as the flavan nucleus. Structural differences can be found in the pattern of substitution in one of these rings. The hydroxyl group (-OH) position in one of the rings determines the mechanisms of action of the flavonoids and reveals a complex multifunctional activity. Flavonoids have been widely used for their antioxidant, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory effects along with safe preclinical and clinical profiles. In this review, we discuss the preclinical and clinical evidence on the analgesic and anti-inflammatory proprieties of flavonoids. We also focus on how the development of formulations containing flavonoids, along with the understanding of their structure-activity relationship, can be harnessed to identify novel flavonoid-based therapies to treat pathological pain and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila R. Ferraz
- Departament of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, 86057–970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; (C.R.F.); (T.T.C.); (M.F.M.); (N.A.A.); (F.S.R.-O.); (V.F.)
| | - Thacyana T. Carvalho
- Departament of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, 86057–970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; (C.R.F.); (T.T.C.); (M.F.M.); (N.A.A.); (F.S.R.-O.); (V.F.)
| | - Marília F. Manchope
- Departament of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, 86057–970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; (C.R.F.); (T.T.C.); (M.F.M.); (N.A.A.); (F.S.R.-O.); (V.F.)
| | - Nayara A. Artero
- Departament of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, 86057–970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; (C.R.F.); (T.T.C.); (M.F.M.); (N.A.A.); (F.S.R.-O.); (V.F.)
| | - Fernanda S. Rasquel-Oliveira
- Departament of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, 86057–970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; (C.R.F.); (T.T.C.); (M.F.M.); (N.A.A.); (F.S.R.-O.); (V.F.)
| | - Victor Fattori
- Departament of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, 86057–970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; (C.R.F.); (T.T.C.); (M.F.M.); (N.A.A.); (F.S.R.-O.); (V.F.)
| | - Rubia Casagrande
- Departament of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Health Sciences, Londrina State University, 86057–970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Waldiceu A. Verri
- Departament of Pathology, Center of Biological Sciences, Londrina State University, 86057–970 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; (C.R.F.); (T.T.C.); (M.F.M.); (N.A.A.); (F.S.R.-O.); (V.F.)
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Therapeutic Strategies for Corneal Wound Angiogenesis. CURRENT PATHOBIOLOGY REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40139-020-00206-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Effects of the Folk Medicinal Plant Extract Ankaferd BloodStopper on the Healing of Colon Anastomosis: An Experimental Study in a Rat Model. MEDICAL BULLETIN OF SISLI ETFAL HOSPITAL 2019; 53:154-159. [PMID: 32377075 PMCID: PMC7199823 DOI: 10.14744/semb.2019.98965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Ankaferd BloodStopper (ABS) is a topical hemostatic agent that modulates the inflammatory response and accelerates wound healing. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of ABS on the colon anastomosis wound healing in a rat model. Methods: Thirty-two Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups as follows: Group A (n=8), left colonic anastomosis plus ABS treatment (sacrificed on the 3rd day); Group B (n=8) (control), left colonic anastomosis (sacrificed on the 3rd day); Group C (n=8), left colonic anastomosis plus ABS treatment (sacrificed on the 7th day); and Group D (n=8) (control), left colonic anastomosis (sacrificed on the 7th day). All rats were sacrificed at the end of the experiment to assess the anastomosis integrity and the presence of perianastomosis abscesses, peritonitis, and adhesions. Additionally, the bursting pressure and hydroxyproline (OH-pyroline) levels were determined, and a histopathologic evaluation of the perianastomosis tissue was conducted. Results: The mean bursting pressure on Day 7 was significantly higher than that on Day 3 in the ABS group (p=0.017). Overall, the bursting pressure was higher in animals treated with ABS than in the control animals, although the difference was not statistically significant. The OH-pyroline levels of both ABS groups were significantly higher than in the control groups. The mean OH-pyroline level on Day 7 was higher than that on Day 3 in the ABS-treated animals (p=0.038). Conclusion: ABS increases collagen formation and neovascularization, and it has a positive impact during the colon anastomosis healing in an experimental model of wound healing.
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Cucurbita argyrosperma Seed Extracts Attenuate Angiogenesis in a Corneal Chemical Burn Model. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11051184. [PMID: 31137826 PMCID: PMC6567871 DOI: 10.3390/nu11051184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe corneal inflammation produces opacity or even perforation, scarring, and angiogenesis, resulting in blindness. In this study, we used the cornea to examine the effect of new anti-angiogenic chemopreventive agents. We researched the anti-angiogenic effect of two extracts, methanol (Met) and hexane (Hex), from the seed of Cucurbita argyrosperma, on inflamed corneas. The corneas of Wistar rats were alkali-injured and treated intragastrically for seven successive days. We evaluated: opacity score, corneal neovascularization (CNV) area, re-epithelialization percentage, and histological changes. Also, we assessed the inflammatory (cyclooxigenase-2, nuclear factor-kappaB, and interleukin-1β) and angiogenic (vascular endothelial growth factor A, VEGF-A; -receptor 1, VEGFR1; and -receptor 2, VEGFR2) markers. Levels of Cox-2, Il-1β, and Vegf-a mRNA were also determined. After treatment, we observed a reduction in corneal edema, with lower opacity scores and cell infiltration compared to untreated rats. Treatment also accelerated wound healing and decreased the CNV area. The staining of inflammatory and angiogenic factors was significantly decreased and related to a down-expression of Cox-2, Il-1β, and Vegf. These results suggest that intake of C. argyrosperma seed has the potential to attenuate the angiogenesis secondary to inflammation in corneal chemical damage.
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Silva CND, Silva FRD, Dourado LFN, Reis PVMD, Silva RO, Costa BLD, Nunes PS, Amaral FA, Santos VLD, de Lima ME, Silva Cunha Júnior AD. A New Topical Eye Drop Containing LyeTxI-b, A Synthetic Peptide Designed from A Lycosa erithrognata Venom Toxin, Was Effective to Treat Resistant Bacterial Keratitis. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11040203. [PMID: 30987317 PMCID: PMC6520776 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11040203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial keratitis is an ocular infection that can lead to severe visual disability. Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen of the eye. We recently demonstrated the strong antimicrobial activity of LyeTxI-b, a synthetic peptide derived from a Lycosa erithrognatha toxin. Herein, we evaluated a topical formulation (eye drops) containing LyeTxI-b to treat resistant bacterial keratitis. Keratitis was induced with intrastromal injection of 4 × 105 cells (4 µL) in New Zealand female white rabbits. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and biofilm viability were determined. LyeTxI-b ocular toxicity was evaluated through chorioallantoic membrane and Draize tests. One drop of the formulation (LyeTxI-b 28.9 µmol/L +0.5% CMC in 0.9% NaCl) was instilled into each eye four times a day, for a week. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy analysis, corneal histopathological studies and cellular infiltrate quantification through myeloperoxidase (MPO) and N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) detection were performed. LyeTxI-b was very effective in the treatment of keratitis, with no signs of ocular toxicity. Planktonic bacteria MIC was 3.6 µmol/L and LyeTxI-b treatment reduced biofilm viability in 90%. LyeTxI-b eliminated bacteria and reduced inflammatory cellular activity in the eyes. Healthy and treated animals showed similar NAG and MPO levels. LyeTxI-b is a potent new drug to treat resistant bacterial keratitis, showing effective antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Nunes da Silva
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901 MG, Brazil.
| | - Flavia Rodrigues da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde-PPGCAS, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto 49400-000 SE, Brazil.
| | | | - Pablo Victor Mendes Dos Reis
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901 MG, Brazil.
| | | | - Bruna Lopes da Costa
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901 MG, Brazil.
| | - Paula Santos Nunes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde-PPGCAS, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto 49400-000 SE, Brazil.
| | - Flávio Almeida Amaral
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901 MG, Brazil.
| | - Vera Lúcia Dos Santos
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901 MG, Brazil.
| | - Maria Elena de Lima
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Biomedicina e Medicina, Ensino e Pesquisa da Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Grupo Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte 30150-250, MG, Brazil.
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Ekim Y, Kara S, Gencer B, Karaca T. Efficacy of Sunitinib, Sunitinib-Hesperetin, and Sunitinib-Doxycycline Combinations on Experimentally-Induced Corneal Neovascularization. Curr Eye Res 2019; 44:590-598. [PMID: 30803276 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2019.1584320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the preventive effects of topical sunitinib, sunitinib-hesperetin and sunitinib-doxycycline combinations on corneal neovascularization (CNV), apoptosis and fibrosis in a corneal alkali burn model. Materials and Methods: The corneas of 32 Wistar albino rats were cauterized with silver nitrate to induce CNV. Four groups were created receiving artificial tears (sham), sunitinib (0.5 mg/ml), sunitinib-hesperetin (0.5 mg/ml-0.2 mg/ml), and sunitinib-doxycycline (0.5 mg/ml-20 mg/ml) treatments. Corneal photographs were taken on days 0, 7 and 15. Photographs of the cornea were digitally analyzed to measure the size of the neovascularization area in comparison to the total corneal surface area. On the 15th day, the animals were euthanized, and the eyes were enucleated for immunohistochemical staining to investigate neovascularization, apoptosis, and fibrosis. Results: CNV areas on the 7th day in the sunitinib (4.8% ± 0.07%) and sunitinib-hesperetin (1.1% ± 0.03%) groups were smaller than those in the sham group (33.9% ± 0.12%) (p = 0.001 and, p < 0.001 respectively). On the 15th day, the CNV area in the sunitinib-hesperetin (20.8% ± 0.37%) group was significantly smaller than that of the sham group (74.6% ± 0.32%) (p = 0.039). The combination groups had lower levels of VEGF, TUNEL and α-SMA positivity than the sunitinib monotherapy group. TUNEL positivity was lowest in the sunitinib-hesperetin and sunitinib-doxycycline groups, and α-SMA positivity was lowest in the sunitinib-hesperetin group. Conclusion: Topical sunitinib-hesperetin was more effective than sunitinib alone and the sunitinib-doxycycline combination in the treatment of CNV. The combination of sunitinib and hesperetin seems to be a promising treatment for preventing corneal fibrosis and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeliz Ekim
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Canakkale State Hospital , Canakkale , Turkey
| | - Selcuk Kara
- b Dunyagoz Eye Hospitals , Istanbul , Turkey
| | | | - Turan Karaca
- c Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology , Trakya University , Edirne , Turkey
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Bai Y, Wang W, Zhang Y, Zhang F, Zhang H. lncRNA MIAT suppression alleviates corneal angiogenesis through regulating miR-1246/ACE. Cell Cycle 2019; 18:661-669. [PMID: 30782069 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2019.1578143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Corneal neovascularization (CRNV) is a prevalence eye disorder that affects the transparency and refraction properties of eyes. To explore the correlation between the level of Angiotensin II (Ang II) and corneal angiogenesis, the rat model of CRNV was established using alkali-burn, while the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were stimulated using VEGF to induce the CRNV cells in vitro. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and RNA pull-down were performed to validate the relationship between MIAT and miR-1246. The expression of MIAT and Ang II was increased, while miR-1246 was decreased in CRNV rat model. VEGF stimulation significantly promoted cell proliferation and migration of HUVECs, knockdown of MIAT dramatically reversed the effects of VEGF, while cells co-transfected with miR-1246 inhibitor obviously abolished the effect of VEGF+si-MIAT, however, enalaprilat abolished the effects of VEGF+si-MIAT+miR-1246 inhibitor. MIAT directly regulated the expression of miR-1246. In conclusion, VEGF stimulation promoted cell proliferation and migration of HUVECs mainly through regulating MIAT/miR-1246/ACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Bai
- a Department of Ophthalmology , First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Weiqun Wang
- a Department of Ophthalmology , First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Youmei Zhang
- a Department of Ophthalmology , First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Fengyan Zhang
- a Department of Ophthalmology , First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Haohao Zhang
- b Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine , First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
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The Therapeutic Potential of Naringenin: A Review of Clinical Trials. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:ph12010011. [PMID: 30634637 PMCID: PMC6469163 DOI: 10.3390/ph12010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 367] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Naringenin is a flavonoid belonging to flavanones subclass. It is widely distributed in several Citrus fruits, bergamot, tomatoes and other fruits, being also found in its glycosides form (mainly naringin). Several biological activities have been ascribed to this phytochemical, among them antioxidant, antitumor, antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiadipogenic and cardioprotective effects. Nonetheless, most of the data reported have been obtained from in vitro or in vivo studies. Although some clinical studies have also been performed, the main focus is on naringenin bioavailability and cardioprotective action. In addition, these studies were done in compromised patients (i.e., hypercholesterolemic and overweight), with a dosage ranging between 600 and 800 μM/day, whereas the effect on healthy volunteers is still debatable. In fact, naringenin ability to improve endothelial function has been well-established. Indeed, the currently available data are very promising, but further research on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic aspects is encouraged to improve both available production and delivery methods and to achieve feasible naringenin-based clinical formulations.
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Xu M, Li K, Wang Y, Wang J, Bai M, Kang G. Effect of ERK inhibitor on corneal neovascularization induced by alkali burn in mice and its mechanism. EUR J INFLAMM 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/2058739219856762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to explore the effect of extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitors on corneal neovascularization induced by alkali burn in mice and its mechanism. A total of 30 standard diet (SD) healthy mice were divided into normal group, alkali burn group, and inhibitor group. Normal group was not treated. Alkali burn group and inhibitor group were used to establish corneal neovascularization model induced by alkali burn. After successful modeling, ERK inhibitor was used to intervene in inhibitor group, and saline of equal volume was used in normal group and alkali burn group. The area of corneal neovascularization was calculated and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), c-Fos, c-Jun, ERK1/2, and p-ERK1/2 protein in cornea tissue of three groups of mice was detected. The relative expression of vascular area, length, VEGF, c-Fos, c-Jun, ERK1/2, and p-ERK1/2 protein in cornea tissue of mice in alkali burn group was significantly higher than that in normal group and inhibitor group. The relative expression of vascular area, length, VEGF, c-Fos, c-Jun, ERK1/2, and p-ERK1/2 protein in cornea tissue of mice in inhibitor group was higher than that in normal group, and the expression level of PEDF was lower than that in normal group ( P < 0.05). ERK inhibitors inhibit the formation of corneal neovascularization by inhibiting the expression of VEGF, c-Fos, and c-Jun proteins through the action of ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manhua Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Kaiming Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yanxi Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ziyang No. 4 People’s Hospital, Ziyang, China
| | - Mengtian Bai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Gangjing Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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